資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
維度一：基礎題型練
寫出下列句中畫線部分的短語類型。
1.We were passing by a boat house when we met her. 　　　　　　
2.Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off. 　　　　　　
3.She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future. 　　　　　　
4.Quite properly， she was punished. 　　　　　　
5.He is inexperienced， but he is quite clever. 　　　　　　
6.The fruit is good to eat. 　　　　　　
7.The servant was afraid to wake up his master. 　　　　　　
8.I didn’t need to answer the questions， which saved me a lot of trouble. 　　　　　　
9.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. 　　　　　　
10.Quite nervous， the man opened the letters. 　　　　　　
維度二：利用括號中的詞匯擴展下列句子
1.It was a chance for us to see animals.（great； all kinds of）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.We should work harder to protect animals.（much； those； rare）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.I am confident when I have to talk to different people.（quite）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.When I was staying with a French family， I saw something unusual.（far more）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.We are shocked by the tragedy. We condemn （譴責） terrorist attack and support your efforts to maintain national security. （greatly； strongly； firmly）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　使用本單元所學短語類型完成下面語段。
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我們學校的科學俱樂部） was established in 2020.It now has 55 members， including me.Our instructor is 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （知識淵博，并且很負責）.We often carry out 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （各種各樣的實驗）， which are 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （有趣并有意義）.We all want to be a scientist to help our country 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （更快地發展）.
維度四：用名詞、形容詞或副詞短語擴展下面短文
When I was at senior high school， my family moved around a lot.As a result， I had to go to and meet .I believe those gave me .I find them in life.I often take part in .And now I run a social club with ， which raises for homeless people.Certainly， I use there.I like communicating with homeless people， giving them hope and love.
1.schools→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.people→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.experiences→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.social skills→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.useful→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.activities→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.friends→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.money→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
9.skills→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10.well→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
（2024·聊城高一上學期期末考試）You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.Even if you know some freshmen， you still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces？
Most high schools hold a freshman orientation before school actually starts， which is helpful not only because you can know your way around the building and get to meet some of your teachers， but also because you get to meet fellow freshmen.That way， when you show up on your first day of school， you may already recognise a few familiar faces.When you talk to your new classmates， you’ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are.They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect.Talking about a common concern with them can help you develop friendships.
The work in high school is something that freshmen are probably worried about.The work in high school builds on what you learnt in middle school， giving you a more advanced knowledge of many subjects.So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging.If you ever find your work too difficult， teachers can give you extra help.
High school also has more extra-curricular activities than middle school does such as clubs， music and theatre groups and sports teams.This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
High school gives you the chance to learn how to manage your time， to develop your social skills and interests， and more importantly to be more independent and responsible.
1.What does the underlined word “orientation” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Training. B.Game.
C.Discussion. D.Examination.
2.What are freshmen probably worried about？
A.The freshman orientation.
B.The ability to make friends.
C.The relationship with teachers.
D.The learning tasks.
3.Extra-curricular activities mainly help students 　　　　.
A.build up healthy bodies
B.develop friendships
C.develop new interests
D.improve their learning ability
4.Who is this passage written for？
A.Freshmen at high school.
B.Freshmen’s parents.
C.Middle school students.
D.Upperclassmen in high school.
B
（2024·滄州十校高一下學期月考）We all have a mental picture of who we are， how we look， what we’re good at， and what our weaknesses might be.We develop this picture over time， starting when we’re very young.The term self-image is used to refer to a person’s mental picture of himself or herself.A lot of our self-image is based on interactions （交往） we have with other people and our life experiences.This mental picture （our self-image） contributes to our self-esteem.
Self-esteem is all about how much we feel valued， loved， accepted， and thought well of by others — and how much we value， love， and accept ourselves.People with healthy self-esteem are able to feel good about themselves， appreciate their own worth， and take pride in their abilities， skills， and achievements.People with low self-esteem may feel as if no one will like them or accept them or that they can’t do well in anything.
Before a person can overcome self-esteem problems and build healthy self-esteem， it helps to know what might cause those problems in the first place.Two things in particular — how others see or treat us and how we see ourselves — can affect our self-esteem greatly.
Parents， teachers， and other authority figures（權威人物） affect the ideas we develop about ourselves — particularly when we’re little kids.If parents spend more time criticizing（批評） than praising a child， it can be harder for a kid to develop good self-esteem.Because teens are still forming their own values and beliefs， it’s easy to build self-image around what a parent， coach， or other person says.
Obviously， self-esteem can be damaged when someone whose acceptance is important （like a parent or teacher） always puts you down.But criticism doesn’t have to come from other people.Some teens also have an “inner critic”， a voice inside that seems to find fault with everything they do.Over time， listening to a negative inside voice can harm a person’s self-esteem just as much as if the criticism were coming from another person.
5.What do we learn about our self-image？
A.It affects our self-esteem.
B.It is built when we grow up.
C.It is a picture drawn by ourselves.
D.It has nothing to do with other people.
6.What’s the writer’s view on self-esteem problems？
A.They can hardly be overcome.
B.They are not caused by our teachers.
C.Only young people suffer from them.
D.They come from both others and ourselves.
7.Teens’ self-esteem is probably affected most by 　　　　.
A.their friends B.their teachers
C.their parents D.their relatives
8.The underlined words “inner critic” in the last paragraph refer to something that 　　　　.
A.helps one to make progress
B.gives one some encouragement
C.improves one’s self-esteem
D.damages one’s self-esteem
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·鄭州高一上學期期末考試）At some point or another， every student brings home a poor grade on an assignment or a test. It is understandably difficult to see your student struggling and feeling badly about school， but here are several things you can do to help your child：
　　Be supportive， not angry. 　9　 When a bad grade comes home， resist the urge to shout or punish him or her. It’s understandable that you may feel concerned or angry， but your child probably feels as bad as you do.
　　　10　 Has your child had problems with this particular subject or skill in the past， or is this a new issue？ Talk with your child about what went wrong on the assignment or test. Does he or she understand what mistakes were made and how to correct them？
　　Look for signs elsewhere. 　11　 Consistent （一貫的） low grades and test scores， however， are worth investigating further. How is your child during study and homework sessions？ Does he or she take far more time than seems reasonable to complete work？ Do tests seem to make your child anxious？
　　Remind your child that failure is a part of life. Tell him or her that making mistakes is how we learn. 　12　 Let him or her know that you do not expect perfection， and that this is an opportunity to strive for improvement.
　　Focus on the future. 　13　 Instead， figure out the best way for your child to overcome any difficulties in order to earn a better grade next time. Be sure to involve your child when developing that plan of action.
A.Nothing is impossible.
B.Know what your child really needs.
C.Occasional bad grades happen to all students.
D.Share a story about your struggle and frustration.
E.Try not to think too much about a poor grade or test score.
F.Determine whether it’s a one-time problem or a deeper issue.
G.Let your child know that you’re there and you want to help him or her.
9.　　　 　　　10.　　　　　　11.　　　　
12.　　　 13.　　　
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　The transition from childhood to the teenage years can be 　14　 difficult time.Hormones in the body can affect a young person’s emotions and moods.
As children grow they usually want to pull away from parents and develop their own personality.So， they may talk or act 　15　（different） as a teenager.
For example， a 16-year-old girl who once enjoyed spending time with her family may choose 　16　 （stay） in her room alone.
　17　 these changes in behaviour and personality can be difficult， they are for the most part — a normal part of the teenage years.
A recent poll shows that many Americans do not recognise 　18　 （sign） of depression in their preteen and teenage children.
The C.S.Mott Children’s Hospital National Poll on Children’s Health 　19　（involve） 819 adults in the United States.Researchers asked some parents about 　20　 （they） roles and the roles of schools in recognising youth depression.
In a story on the poll， the Reuters news agency reports that a majority of parents 　21　 （be） sure they would recognise depression in their preteen or teenager. However， two-thirds of parents admitted they had difficulty 　22　 （identify） “signs and symptoms of this mental health disorder”.
Sarah Clark is a co-director of the study.She notes these transitions can make 　23　 “challenging to understand a child’s emotional state” and “whether there is possible depression”.
14.　　　　　　15.　　　　　　16.　　　　
17.　　　 18.　　　 19.　　　
20.　　　 21.　　　 22.　　　
23.　　　
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.名詞短語　2.名詞短語　3.副詞短語　4.副詞短語
5.形容詞短語　6.形容詞短語　7.形容詞短語　8.名詞短語
9.名詞短語　10.形容詞短語
維度二
1.It was a great chance for us to see all kinds of animals.
2.We should work much harder to protect those rare animals.
3.I am quite confident when I have to talk to different people.
4.When I was staying with a French family， I saw something far more unusual.
5.We are greatly shocked by the tragedy. We strongly condemn terrorist attack and firmly support your efforts to maintain national security.
維度三
1.Our school’s Science Club
2.very knowledgeable and responsible
3.all kinds of experiments
4.interesting and meaningful
5.develop much more quickly
維度四
1.many different schools　2.many different people
3.interesting/different experiences　4.many social skills
5.really useful　6.a number of interesting activities
7.some of my friends　8.a lot of money
9.my social skills　10.pretty/quite well
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從新生培訓大會、高中學業和課外活動三個方面向新生介紹了高中生活。
1.A　詞義猜測題。根據第二段第一句可知，freshman orientation可以幫助新生了解校園，認識老師和同學。由此可知，它類似于新生培訓大會。因此，orientation指的是培訓，與training的意思一致。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第三段第一句可知，高中的學業是新生們很可能會擔心的一個方面。
3.C　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，高中的課外活動是讓學生培養自己的興趣愛好和嘗試新事物的好機會。
4.A　推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要從新生培訓大會、高中學業和課外活動三個方面向新生介紹了高中生活，再結合第一段中的You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.可推知，本文是針對高中新生寫的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。自尊取決于兩個方面：別人怎么看我們和我們怎么看自己。生活中很多人存在自尊問題，本文幫助我們認識自尊問題。
5.A　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，我們對自我的身體意象是我們內心對自己想象的一種形象，它會極大地影響我們的自尊。
6.D　觀點態度題。根據第三段可知，作者認為自尊問題不僅來自他人，也來自我們自身。
7.C　細節理解題。綜合最后兩段可知，在青少年價值觀形成的過程中，他們身邊的人對他們自尊的建立影響很大；而影響最大的人應該是他們的父母，因為作者在列舉青少年周圍影響他們的人物時，父母總是排在第一位。
8.D　詞義猜測題。根據下文對畫線部分詞語的解釋（a voice inside that seems to find fault with everything they do）可知，inner critic指人們內心一種對自己的自責。再根據下文可知，它會傷害我們的自尊。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當孩子考試成績不理想時，作為家長應該怎么辦呢？
9.G　本段的主題是家長應該理解支持孩子，不要發火。故G項符合語境。
10.F　空后一句與F項正好表達了基本相同的意思，故F項符合語境。
11.C　空后的Consistent （一貫的） low grades與C項中的Occasional bad grades正好形成對比。
12.D　本段主題是告訴孩子失敗是生活中的一部分，D項中的struggle and frustration與此主題吻合。
13.E　本段主題是聚焦未來，也就是不要只盯著眼前的不良成績，故E項符合語境。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。從童年到青少年的過渡是一段非常重要的時期，父母應該密切關注這一變化過程。
14.a　考查冠詞。這里的time是可數名詞，a difficult time表示“一段困難的時期”。
15.differently　考查詞形轉換。設空處前面的talk or act是動詞，因此這里填入一個副詞來修飾它們。
16.to stay　考查非謂語動詞。choose to do sth是固定表達，表示“選擇做某事”。
17.While/Although/Though　考查狀語從句。前后兩個分句存在轉折關系，因此這里填入While/Although/Though引導讓步狀語從句。
18.signs　考查名詞復數。這里表示“跡象”，是可數名詞，應用復數形式。
19.involved　考查動詞的時態。根據下句的謂語動詞asked可知，這里應用一般過去時。
20.their　考查代詞。設空處后面的roles是名詞，因此這里填入一個形容詞性物主代詞。
21.were　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句主語為a majority of parents，因此這里填入系動詞were。
22.identifying　考查非謂語動詞。have difficulty （in） doing sth是一個固定用法。
23.it　考查代詞。這里it作形式賓語，后面的動詞不定式短語是真正的賓語。
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
短　語
1.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
2.The first week was a little confusing.
3.First， I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
4.My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
5.The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student’s reading ability.
【我的發現】
1.句1中名詞短語a really big challenge在句中作　　　　；
2.句2中形容詞短語a little confusing在句中作　　　　；
3.句3中副詞短語very carefully在句中作　　　　；
4.句4中名詞短語advanced literature在句中作　　　　；
5.句5中名詞短語The main purpose of the course在句中作　　　　。
一、名詞短語（Noun Phrase）
1.概念：指以一個名詞為中心詞構成的短語，在句中的功能相當于名詞。
2.構成
限定詞＋名詞 the girl， two cars
限定詞＋數詞＋名詞 the first week
限定詞＋形容詞（短語）＋名詞 a beautiful girl，that handsome boy
限定詞＋名詞＋介詞短語 a beautiful campus of my school
限定詞＋描述性名詞＋名詞 my school life，some apple trees
名師點津
限定詞包括以下幾類：
3.功能
句法功能 例句
主語 I hope my advice will be helpful to you. 我希望我的建議對你有幫助。
表語 Obviously， it’s a challenging task for all of us. 顯然，這對我們所有人來說都是一項具有挑戰性的任務。
賓語 She bought her mother some flowers. 她給母親買了一些花。
賓語 補足語 People considered him the best man for the job. 人們認為他是干這份工作的最佳人選。
名師點津
名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數要與名詞短語中的中心詞保持一致。
A number of books are on the desk.
許多書在桌子上。
The number of books is not large.
書的數量并不多。
【即時演練1】　寫出下列句中畫線的名詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成
　①In a word， the results are quite interesting.　　　　　　
②I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course. 　　　　　　
③David finally crossed the finish line and many strangers cheered for him. 　　　　　　
④As for me， English is my favourite subject.　　　　　　
⑤We made him captain of our team. 　　　　　　
⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games. 　　　　　　
⑦Therefore， we hope you， a native speaker， would like to give us some advice on how to write good English compositions.　　　　　　
⑧I found him a very patient teacher. 　　　　　　
二、形容詞短語（Adjective Phrase）
1.概念：指以一個形容詞為中心詞構成的短語，在句中的功能相當于形容詞。
2.構成
副詞＋形容詞 very suitable
形容詞＋enough good enough
形容詞＋介詞短語 good for nothing
副詞＋形容詞＋介詞短語 well worthy of praise
3.功能
句法功能 例句
定語 This is a most serious problem. 這是一個極其嚴重的問題。
表語 Your room is large and beautiful. 你的房間又大又漂亮。 The weather is fairly warm，so I’d like to have a walk. 天氣相當暖和，因此我想出去走走。
賓語補 足語 What he said just now made me a little annoyed. 他剛才說的話讓我有點生氣。
狀語 Much interested， he agreed to have a try. 他非常感興趣，同意試一下。
【即時演練2】　寫出下列句中畫線的形容詞短語所作的句子成分并分析其結構
　①I am really content with the result. 　　　　　　
②The noise has a very bad effect on our study. 　　　　　　
③I know the work itself is very challenging.　　　　　　
④I think your answer correct and proper. 　　　　　　
三、副詞短語（Adverb Phrase）
1.概念：指以一個副詞為中心構成的短語，在句中的功能相當于副詞。
2.構成
副詞＋and/but/or＋副詞 faster and faster
副詞＋副詞 pretty well
very/quite/a lot/ a little＋副詞 very quickly
副詞＋enough fast enough
3.功能
句法功能 例句
修飾動詞 He studies English most slowly of the three. 三個人中，他學英語最慢。
修飾形容詞 The coat is rather too small for her. 這件外套對她來說太小了。
修飾副詞 He is ill extremely seriously with a bad cancer. 他患了嚴重的癌癥，病情極其嚴重。
名師點津
　　副詞enough在修飾形容詞或副詞構成形容詞短語或副詞短語時，一般放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面。
【即時演練3】　寫出下列句中畫線部分的短語類型
①We should not speak so loudly in our school library. 　　　　　　
②You speak English very fluently. 　　　　　　
③The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals in the world！ 　　　　　　
④Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
1.表語　2.表語　3.狀語　4.賓語　5.主語
即時演練1
①主語　②賓語；賓語　③賓語　④表語　⑤賓語補足語
⑥賓語　⑦同位語　⑧賓語補足語
即時演練2
①表語；副詞＋形容詞＋介詞短語　②定語；副詞＋形容詞
③表語；副詞＋形容詞
④賓語補足語；形容詞＋and＋形容詞
即時演練3
①副詞短語；名詞短語　②副詞短語　③名詞短語
④形容詞短語
4 / 4(共60張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
短　語
1. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big
challenge.
2. The first week was a little confusing.
3. First， I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to
take.
4. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature
because I like English and I’m good at it.
5. The main purpose of the course is to help improve each student’s
reading ability.
【我的發現】
1. 句1中名詞短語a really big challenge在句中作 ；
2. 句2中形容詞短語a little confusing在句中作 ；
3. 句3中副詞短語very carefully在句中作 ；
4. 句4中名詞短語advanced literature在句中作 ；
5. 句5中名詞短語The main purpose of the course在句中作 。
表語　
表語　
狀語　
賓語　
主語　
一、名詞短語（Noun Phrase）
1. 概念：指以一個名詞為中心詞構成的短語，在句中的功能相當
于名詞。
限定詞＋名詞 the girl， two cars
限定詞＋數詞＋名詞 the first week
限定詞＋形容詞（短語）
＋名詞 a beautiful girl，that handsome boy
限定詞＋名詞＋介詞短語 a beautiful campus of my school
限定詞＋描述性名詞＋名詞 my school life，some apple trees
2. 構成
名師點津
限定詞包括以下幾類：
3. 功能
句法功能 例句
主語 I hope my advice will be helpful to you.
我希望我的建議對你有幫助。
表語 Obviously， it’s a challenging task for all of us.
顯然，這對我們所有人來說都是一項具有挑戰性的任務。
賓語 She bought her mother some flowers.
她給母親買了一些花。
賓語補足語 People considered him the best man for the job.
人們認為他是干這份工作的最佳人選。
名師點津
名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數要與名詞短語中的中心詞保持
一致。
A number of books are on the desk.
許多書在桌子上。
The number of books is not large.
書的數量并不多。
【即時演練1】　寫出下列句中畫線的名詞短語所作的句子成分，并
注意其組成
　①In a word， the results are quite interesting.
②I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my
advanced course.
③David finally crossed the finish line and many strangers cheered for him.

④As for me， English is my favourite subject.
⑤We made him captain of our team.
⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games.
主語　
賓語；賓語　
賓語　
表語　
賓語補足語　
賓語　
⑦Therefore， we hope you， a native speaker， would like to give us
some advice on how to write good English compositions.
⑧I found him a very patient teacher.
同位語　
賓語補足語　
二、形容詞短語（Adjective Phrase）
1. 概念：指以一個形容詞為中心詞構成的短語，在句中的功能相當于
形容詞。
2. 構成
副詞＋形容詞 very suitable
形容詞＋enough good enough
形容詞＋介詞短語 good for nothing
副詞＋形容詞＋介詞短語 well worthy of praise
3. 功能
句法功能 例句
定語 This is a most serious problem.
這是一個極其嚴重的問題。
表語 Your room is large and beautiful.
你的房間又大又漂亮。
The weather is fairly warm，so I’d like to have a walk.
天氣相當暖和，因此我想出去走走。
句法功能 例句
賓語補 足語 What he said just now made me a little annoyed.
他剛才說的話讓我有點生氣。
狀語 Much interested， he agreed to have a try.
他非常感興趣，同意試一下。
【即時演練2】　寫出下列句中畫線的形容詞短語所作的句子成分
并分析其結構
①I am really content with the result.

②The noise has a very bad effect on our study.

③I know the work itself is very challenging.
④I think your answer correct and proper.

表語；副詞＋形容詞＋介詞短語　
定語；副詞＋形容詞　
表語；副詞＋形容詞　
賓語補足語；形容詞＋and＋形容詞　
三、副詞短語（Adverb Phrase）
1. 概念：指以一個副詞為中心構成的短語，在句中的功能相當于
副詞。
2. 構成
副詞＋and/but/or＋副詞 faster and faster
副詞＋副詞 pretty well
very/quite/a lot/a little＋副詞 very quickly
副詞＋enough fast enough
3. 功能
句法功能 例句
修飾動詞 He studies English most slowly of the three.
三個人中，他學英語最慢。
修飾形容詞 The coat is rather too small for her.
這件外套對她來說太小了。
修飾副詞 He is ill extremely seriously with a bad cancer.
他患了嚴重的癌癥，病情極其嚴重。
名師點津
　　副詞enough在修飾形容詞或副詞構成形容詞短語或副詞短語時，
一般放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面。
【即時演練3】寫出下列句中畫線部分的短語類型
①We should not speak so loudly in our school library.

②You speak English very fluently.
③The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals in the world！
④Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.
副詞短語；名詞短語　
副詞短語　
名詞短語　
形容詞短語　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
2
維度一：基礎題型練
寫出下列句中畫線部分的短語類型。
1. We were passing by a boat house when we met her.
2. Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off.
3. She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future.

名詞短語　
名詞短語　
副詞短語　
4. Quite properly， she was punished.
5. He is inexperienced， but he is quite clever.
6. The fruit is good to eat.
7. The servant was afraid to wake up his master.
8. I didn’t need to answer the questions， which saved me a lot of trouble.
9. The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother.
10. Quite nervous， the man opened the letters.
副詞短語　
形容詞短語　
形容詞短語　
形容詞短語　
名詞短語　
名詞短語　
形容詞短語　
維度二：利用括號中的詞匯擴展下列句子
1. It was a chance for us to see animals.（great； all kinds of）

2. We should work harder to protect animals.（much； those； rare）

3. I am confident when I have to talk to different people.（quite）

It was a great chance for us to see all kinds of animals.　
We should work much harder to protect those rare animals.　
I am quite confident when I have to talk to different people.　
4. When I was staying with a French family， I saw something unusual.
（far more）


5. We are shocked by the tragedy.We condemn （譴責） terrorist attack
and support your efforts to maintain national security.（greatly；
strongly； firmly）


　When I was staying with a French family， I saw something far more
unusual.　
　We are greatly shocked by the tragedy.We strongly condemn terrorist
attack and firmly support your efforts to maintain national security.　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　使用本單元所學短語類型完成下面語段。
1. （我們學校的科學俱樂部） was
established in 2020.It now has 55 members， including me.Our
instructor is 2. （知識淵博，
并且很負責）.We often carry out 3. （各
種各樣的實驗）， which are 4. （有趣
并有意義）.We all want to be a scientist to help our country
5. （更快地發展）.
Our school’s Science Club　
very knowledgeable and responsible　
all kinds of experiments　
interesting and meaningful　
develop much more quickly　
維度四：用名詞、形容詞或副詞短語擴展下面短文
When I was at senior high school， my family moved around a lot.As
a result， I had to go to and meet .I believe those
gave me .I find them in life.I often take part in
.And now I run a social club with ， which raises for
homeless people.Certainly， I use there.I like communicating
with homeless people， giving them hope and love.
答案：1.schools→
答案：1.schools→ 　many different schools　
2. people→
3. experiences→
4. social skills→
5. useful→
6. activities→
7. friends→
8. money→
9. skills→
10. well→
many different people　
interesting/different experiences　
many social skills　
really useful　
a number of interesting activities　
some of my friends　
a lot of money　
my social skills　
pretty/quite well　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
（2024·聊城高一上學期期末考試）You may not know a lot of
people when you start high school.Even if you know some freshmen， you
still feel nervous that you don’t know any upperclassmen or teachers.How
are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces？
Most high schools hold a freshman orientation before school actually
starts， which is helpful not only because you can know your way around
the building and get to meet some of your teachers， but also because you
get to meet fellow freshmen.That way， when you show up on your first
day of school， you may already recognise a few familiar faces.When you
talk to your new classmates， you’ll probably find that a lot of them are
feeling just like you are.They’re all new to the school and don’t know what
to expect.Talking about a common concern with them can help you develop
friendships.
The work in high school is something that freshmen are probably
worried about.The work in high school builds on what you learnt in middle
school， giving you a more advanced knowledge of many subjects.So you
may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging.If
you ever find your work too difficult， teachers can give you extra help.
High school also has more extra-curricular activities than middle
school does such as clubs， music and theatre groups and sports
teams.This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
High school gives you the chance to learn how to manage your time，
to develop your social skills and interests， and more importantly to be
more independent and responsible.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從新生培訓大會、高中學
業和課外活動三個方面向新生介紹了高中生活。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從新生培訓大會、高中學
業和課外活動三個方面向新生介紹了高中生活。
1. What does the underlined word “orientation” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A. Training. B. Game.
C. Discussion. D. Examination.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第二段第一句可知，freshman
orientation可以幫助新生了解校園，認識老師和同學。由此可知，它
類似于新生培訓大會。因此，orientation指的是培訓，與training的
意思一致。
2. What are freshmen probably worried about？
A. The freshman orientation.
B. The ability to make friends.
C. The relationship with teachers.
D. The learning tasks.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段第一句可知，高中的學業是新
生們很可能會擔心的一個方面。
3. Extra-curricular activities mainly help students 　　　　.
A. build up healthy bodies
B. develop friendships
C. develop new interests
D. improve their learning ability
解析：　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，高中的課外活動是
讓學生培養自己的興趣愛好和嘗試新事物的好機會。
4. Who is this passage written for？
A. Freshmen at high school.
B. Freshmen’s parents.
C. Middle school students.
D. Upperclassmen in high school.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要從新生培訓
大會、高中學業和課外活動三個方面向新生介紹了高中生活，再結
合第一段中的You may not know a lot of people when you start high
school.可推知，本文是針對高中新生寫的。
B
（2024·滄州十校高一下學期月考）We all have a mental picture of
who we are， how we look， what we’re good at， and what our
weaknesses might be.We develop this picture over time， starting when
we’re very young.The term self-image is used to refer to a person’s mental
picture of himself or herself.A lot of our self-image is based on interactions
（交往） we have with other people and our life experiences.This mental
picture （our self-image） contributes to our self-esteem.
Self-esteem is all about how much we feel valued， loved，
accepted， and thought well of by others — and how much we value，
love， and accept ourselves.People with healthy self-esteem are able to
feel good about themselves， appreciate their own worth， and take pride
in their abilities， skills， and achievements.People with low self-esteem
may feel as if no one will like them or accept them or that they can’t do
well in anything.
Before a person can overcome self-esteem problems and build healthy
self-esteem， it helps to know what might cause those problems in the first
place.Two things in particular — how others see or treat us and how we see
ourselves — can affect our self-esteem greatly.
Parents， teachers， and other authority figures（權威人物） affect
the ideas we develop about ourselves — particularly when we’re little
kids.If parents spend more time criticizing（批評） than praising a child，
it can be harder for a kid to develop good self-esteem.Because teens are
still forming their own values and beliefs， it’s easy to build self-image
around what a parent， coach， or other person says.
Obviously， self-esteem can be damaged when someone whose
acceptance is important （like a parent or teacher） always puts you
down.But criticism doesn’t have to come from other people.Some teens
also have an “ ”， a voice inside that seems to find fault
with everything they do.Over time， listening to a negative inside voice
can harm a person’s self-esteem just as much as if the criticism were
coming from another person.
inner critic　
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。自尊取決于兩個方面：別人怎么看
我們和我們怎么看自己。生活中很多人存在自尊問題，本文幫助我
們認識自尊問題。
本文是一篇說明文。自尊取決于兩個方面：別人怎么看
我們和我們怎么看自己。生活中很多人存在自尊問題，本文幫助我
們認識自尊問題。
5. What do we learn about our self-image？
A. It affects our self-esteem.
B. It is built when we grow up.
C. It is a picture drawn by ourselves.
D. It has nothing to do with other people.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，我們對自我的身體意象
是我們內心對自己想象的一種形象，它會極大地影響我們的自尊。
6. What’s the writer’s view on self-esteem problems？
A. They can hardly be overcome.
B. They are not caused by our teachers.
C. Only young people suffer from them.
D. They come from both others and ourselves.
解析：　觀點態度題。根據第三段可知，作者認為自尊問題不僅
來自他人，也來自我們自身。
7. Teens’ self-esteem is probably affected most by 　　　　.
A. their friends B. their teachers
C. their parents D. their relatives
解析：　細節理解題。綜合最后兩段可知，在青少年價值觀形成
的過程中，他們身邊的人對他們自尊的建立影響很大；而影響最大
的人應該是他們的父母，因為作者在列舉青少年周圍影響他們的人
物時，父母總是排在第一位。
8. The underlined words “inner critic” in the last paragraph refer to
something that 　　　　.
A. helps one to make progress
B. gives one some encouragement
C. improves one’s self-esteem
D. damages one’s self-esteem
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據下文對畫線部分詞語的解釋（a voice
inside that seems to find fault with everything they do）可知，inner
critic指人們內心一種對自己的自責。再根據下文可知，它會傷害我
們的自尊。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·鄭州高一上學期期末考試）At some point or another，
every student brings home a poor grade on an assignment or a test.It is
understandably difficult to see your student struggling and feeling badly
about school， but here are several things you can do to help your child：
　　Be supportive， not angry. 　9　 When a bad grade comes home，
resist the urge to shout or punish him or her.It’s understandable that you
may feel concerned or angry， but your child probably feels as bad as you
do.
　　 　10　 Has your child had problems with this particular subject or
skill in the past， or is this a new issue？ Talk with your child about what
went wrong on the assignment or test.Does he or she understand what
mistakes were made and how to correct them？
　　Look for signs elsewhere. 　11　 Consistent （一貫的） low grades
and test scores， however， are worth investigating further.How is your
child during study and homework sessions？ Does he or she take far more
time than seems reasonable to complete work？ Do tests seem to make
your child anxious？
　　Remind your child that failure is a part of life.Tell him or her that
making mistakes is how we learn. 　12　 Let him or her know that you do
not expect perfection， and that this is an opportunity to strive for
improvement.
　　Focus on the future. 　13　 Instead， figure out the best way for your
child to overcome any difficulties in order to earn a better grade next
time.Be sure to involve your child when developing that plan of action.
A. Nothing is impossible.
B. Know what your child really needs.
C. Occasional bad grades happen to all students.
D. Share a story about your struggle and frustration.
E. Try not to think too much about a poor grade or test score.
F. Determine whether it’s a one-time problem or a deeper issue.
G. Let your child know that you’re there and you want to help him or her.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當孩子考試成績不理想時，作為家
長應該怎么辦呢？
本文是一篇說明文。當孩子考試成績不理想時，作為家
長應該怎么辦呢？
10. F　空后一句與F項正好表達了基本相同的意思，故F項符合語境。
11. C　空后的Consistent （一貫的） low grades與C項中的Occasional
bad grades正好形成對比。
12. D　本段主題是告訴孩子失敗是生活中的一部分，D項中的struggle
and frustration與此主題吻合。
13. E　本段主題是聚焦未來，也就是不要只盯著眼前的不良成績，故
E項符合語境。
9. G　本段的主題是家長應該理解支持孩子，不要發火。故G項符合
語境。
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　The transition from childhood to the teenage years can be 　14　
difficult time.Hormones in the body can affect a young person’s emotions
and moods.
As children grow they usually want to pull away from parents and
develop their own personality.So， they may talk or act 　15　
（different） as a teenager.
For example， a 16-year-old girl who once enjoyed spending time
with her family may choose 　16　 （stay） in her room alone.
　17　 these changes in behaviour and personality can be difficult，
they are for the most part — a normal part of the teenage years.
A recent poll shows that many Americans do not recognise 　18　
（sign） of depression in their preteen and teenage children.
The C. S. Mott Children’s Hospital National Poll on Children’s
Health 　19　（involve） 819 adults in the United States.Researchers
asked some parents about 　20　 （they） roles and the roles of schools
in recognising youth depression.
　　In a story on the poll， the Reuters news agency reports that a
majority of parents 　21　 （be） sure they would recognise depression in
their preteen or teenager.However， two-thirds of parents admitted they
had difficulty 　22　 （identify） “signs and symptoms of this mental
health disorder”.
Sarah Clark is a co-director of the study.She notes these transitions
can make 　23　 “challenging to understand a child’s emotional state” and
“whether there is possible depression”.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。從童年到青少年的過渡是一段非常
重要的時期，父母應該密切關注這一變化過程。
14. a　考查冠詞。這里的time是可數名詞，a difficult time表示“一段困
難的時期”。
15. differently　考查詞形轉換。設空處前面的talk or act是動詞，因此
這里填入一個副詞來修飾它們。
16. to stay　考查非謂語動詞。choose to do sth是固定表達，表示“選擇
做某事”。
本文是一篇說明文。從童年到青少年的過渡是一段非常
重要的時期，父母應該密切關注這一變化過程。
17. While/Although/Though　考查狀語從句。前后兩個分句存在轉折關
系，因此這里填入While/Although/Though引導讓步狀語從句。
18. signs　考查名詞復數。這里表示“跡象”，是可數名詞，應用復數
形式。
19. involved　考查動詞的時態。根據下句的謂語動詞asked可知，這里
應用一般過去時。
20. their　考查代詞。設空處后面的roles是名詞，因此這里填入一個形
容詞性物主代詞。
21. were　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句主語為a majority of
parents，因此這里填入系動詞were。
22. identifying　考查非謂語動詞。have difficulty （in） doing sth是一
個固定用法。
23. it　考查代詞。這里it作形式賓語，后面的動詞不定式短語是真正
的賓語。
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