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Welcome unit Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures課件(共82張)+學案(含答案)+練習(含答案)

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Welcome unit Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures課件(共82張)+學案(含答案)+練習(含答案)

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Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
維度一:基礎題型練
  寫出下列句中畫線部分所作的句子成分。
1.Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.      
2.In the end, the train arrived.      
3.His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully.       
4.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday.       
5.Our school set up a new club.       
6.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends.       
7.I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul.       
8.Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.       
9.We must get together again some day.       
10.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.       
11.They should make use of their spare time to taste these wonderful works carefully.       
12.A farmer told us how to pick oranges.      
維度二:語法與寫作
  用給出的句子結構翻譯下列句子。
1.這個領域的一位著名教授將就如何保護我們的環(huán)境給我們作講座。(主語+謂語+賓語)
                      
                      
2.在不久的將來,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的學校生活豐富多彩, 并且有趣。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)
                      
                      
3.現(xiàn)在這種活動在中學里變得很受歡迎。(主語+系動詞+表語)
                      
                      
4.我們尚未決定什么時候再討論這個問題。(主語+謂語+賓語)
                      
                      
5.奶奶昨晚送給我一個非常漂亮的玩具娃娃。(主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語)
                      
                      
6.每天早上我們都能聽到他大聲朗讀英語。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)
                      
                      
7.早睡早起對你的健康有益。(主語+系動詞+表語,動詞-ing短語作主語)
                      
                      
8.美國的歷史開始于此。(主語+謂語+狀語)
                      
9.你會發(fā)現(xiàn)英語容易學。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)
                      
                      
10.一切都會好起來的。(主語+系動詞+表語)
                      
                      
維度三:語法與語篇
  閱讀下面短文,分析并寫出畫線部分的句子結構。
1.My parents love me very much.However,they like making almost all decisions for me.They choose schools and subjects for me.Sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them.In my opinion,2.deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways.Firstly,3.it will make children less confident,4.which is useless to their development.Secondly,in many cases parents don’t care about children’s personal ideas and interests,5.which will influence their growth greatly.As a result,6.a lot of children are complaining!I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody.7.Parents should give us chances to make our decisions.They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to do it.After all,8.there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves.
1.           2.        
3.        4.       
5.        6.       
7.        8.       
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  (2024·山東六校高一下學期聯(lián)考)Today was my first day at senior high school and it was hard.In high school, you have 4 minutes to get to your next class.My high school is very big and those 4 minutes to go from one class to another really isn’t a lot of time.Today I had to go from one end of the building to the other to get from science class to maths class.I wanted to go to my locker first and leave my science book there, but that took time.I was worried about being late, and I was.The maths teacher said,“Just be on time tomorrow, or you’ll have detention (放學后留校).”
After maths, I went to art class.I like my art class a lot because I like creating things.The teacher there showed us how to make portraits (肖像).He explained,“A portrait is a way of communicating with a person.It does not just show how the person looks but what is important to understand the person.” We just did drawings today, but I know it’s going to be great.I like drawing.
I like my English class, too.I think the teacher is really supportive.Today we wrote about ourselves.We could write a paragraph or a poem, and I wrote a poem about myself.I thought it was a good poem, and the teacher said I had used good images (意象) to communicate my feelings.
Lunch was very hurried.I arrived at the dining room with 12 minutes to eat.I sat with people I didn’t know, and everyone was eating quickly.After lunch I signed up for a computer club.I need to learn how to use a computer well because my social studies teacher says it is the one skill you need in every class.
1.What happened to the author after science class?
A.He lost his science textbook.
B.He got lost on the campus.
C.He was late for maths class.
D.He was given detention.
2.What did the author think of his art class?
A.Difficult. B.Enjoyable.
C.Boring. D.Easy.
3.What did the English teacher do after seeing the author’s work?
A.He praised the author.
B.He pointed out the author’s mistakes.
C.He asked the author to check punctuation.
D.He encouraged the author to introduce himself.
4.Which can be the best title for the text?
A.Learn Useful Skills in High School
B.My New Teachers in High School
C.Make Plans for High School Life
D.My First Day in High School
B
  (2024·常州高一下學期質檢)Australian teenagers are missing important, basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative influence on their health.It’s also leading our next generation towards increased rates of obesity, according to the findings of a survey.
  A national survey of 1,006 parents found that: Close to half of all 12-18-year-olds can’t boil an egg; 1 in 5 only have kitchen skills that allow them to pour milk on cereal; 42 percent can’t boil noodles; 83.9 percent don’t know how to roast a chicken; 60.1 percent can’t bake a potato.
  Research company Pureprofile asked parents to judge how well their kids could perform in the kitchen across some tasks.
  More than half (67.3 percent) of parents believe their children could do better when it comes to healthy food and lifestyle knowledge.Close to half of parents (42.5 percent) believe poor food choices are caused by lack of education at middle school, with 9 in 10 parents in support of schools doing more to encourage a healthy lifestyle.
  Miriam Raleigh, a middle school teacher, said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had “no idea how to cook”.
  “They depend on convenience (方便) meals and easy snacks and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems,” Ms Raleigh said.
  The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder Stephanie Alexander said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids.Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools so teenagers can learn the art of cooking food.
  “I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools,” she said.
5.What did the national survey find about Australian teenagers?
A.They don’t eat healthily.
B.They are poor at cooking.
C.They like convenience meals.
D.They are interested in cooking.
6.How does the author develop the first half of the text?
A.By telling some stories.
B.By giving some examples.
C.By offering some numbers.
D.By answering some questions.
7.What did Miriam Raleigh try to express?
A.Her interest in easy snacks.
B.Her interest in health problems.
C.Her worry about the young teenagers.
D.Her worry about the unhealthy lifestyle.
8.How did Stephanie Alexander feel about her Kitchen Garden program?
A.Very worried. B.Very confident.
C.A little doubtful. D.A little surprised.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
  “I’m really busy,” said one teenage guy.“ 9  How can I possibly do it all?” You can do it all, or at least most of it, if you’ll be more careful with your time.As Benjamin Franklin put it, “Do you love life? Then do not waste time; for that’s the stuff life is made of.”
 10  Think about what you could do with an extra 7 hours per week.Well, you know what? I’m sure you’re wasting at least 7 to 20 hours each week and don’t even realise it.
Screens are the biggest time wasters — from the big flat-screen in the living room to all the laptops, tablets, and smartphones littering the house and beeping for attention every minute of the day.Relaxing after school by spending a few minutes watching a funny clip on YouTube, playing a game on your phone, or catching up with your friends on social media is no big deal.Too much time spent with your nose in a screen, however, is a total waste. 11 
  Do you know that the average US teen spends 9 hours using media every day? That’s 63 hours a week spent playing video games, texting, sharing photos on Snapchat and Instagram, and above all watching TV. 12  And then they complain that they don’t have time for anything.
Excessive screen time can cause eye damage as well as affect our mood. 13  While it is impossible to completely escape the screen, there are ways to reduce the time you place your eyes and brain under the screen strain.
A.That’s why people do so.
B.So much to do; so little time.
C.Why are they so busy all the time?
D.This is more time than they spend sleeping.
E.Wouldn’t it be great if every day had 25 hours?
F.What’s worse, it can do harm to our mental health.
G.That’s an activity which is neither urgent nor important.
9.       10.      11.    
12.    13.   
Ⅲ.語法填空
  Teacher Appreciation Week is celebrated in America in the first full week of May, and is  14  teachers get the extra credit they deserve.Whether you have a teacher, know a teacher, or  15  (be) a teacher, there are endless ways to give a little extra support to teachers and teachers’ organizations.Teaching is known to be  16  time-consuming and challenging profession, so this week is our chance  17  (say) thank you to those who play or have played such a huge role in our lives.Who doesn’t have a great memory of a teacher who inspired us in some way?
  Teaching is one of the oldest  18  (profession) — in 561 BCE, the first private teacher in history was one of the  19  (noble) men of all time, Confucius.
  Though the origins of Teacher Appreciation Week are somewhat murky, it is clear that it was in 1944  20  an Arkansas school teacher, Mattye White Woodridge,  21  (write) to politicians and educational professionals about the demand for a day to appreciate teachers.However, it wasn’t for nearly a decade until the idea  22  (introduce) to Congress by none other than Eleanor Roosevelt.In 1953, she was successful in  23  (convince) lawmakers to adopt the day.
14.      15.      16.    
17.    18.    19.   
20.    21.    22.   
23.   
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.(直接)賓語 2.謂語 3.賓語補足語 4.賓語補足語
5.謂語 6.(直接)賓語 7.賓語 8.主語 9.狀語 10.狀語
11.狀語 12.(間接)賓語
維度二
1.A famous professor in this field will give us a lecture on how to protect our environment.
2.You will find your school life colourful and interesting in the near future.
3.Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in high schools.
4.We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again.
5.Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night.
6.Every morning we can hear him read English aloud.
7.Going to bed early and getting up early are good for your health.
8.The history of America began here.
9.You will find English easy to learn.
10.Everything will be all right.
維度三
1.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 2.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 3.主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語 4.主語+系動詞+表語
5.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 6.主語+謂語
7.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語 8.There be句型
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在高中第一天的學習與生活。
1.C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的I was worried about being late, and I was.The maths teacher said, “Just be on time tomorrow, or you’ll have detention (放學后留校).”可知,由于課間時間太短,作者上數(shù)學課時遲到了。
2.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的I like my art class a lot because I like creating things.以及We just did drawings today, but I know it’s going to be great.I like drawing.可知,作者很喜歡上美術課。
3.A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的the teacher said I had used good images (意象) to communicate my feelings 可知,英語老師表揚了作者創(chuàng)作的詩歌,認為他在運用意象表達情感方面做得不錯。
4.D 標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講述了作者在高中第一天的學習與生活。因此D項(我在高中的第一天)為文章最佳標題。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。澳大利亞的一項調查發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大利亞大部分青少年的動手能力很差,主要體現(xiàn)在不會干廚房里一些很基本的家務。
5.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,這個調查發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大利亞大部分青少年在廚房的動手能力都很差,不會做一些很基本的家務。
6.C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)前四段可知,作者主要通過列舉一些數(shù)字來展開說明和論述。
7.D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五、六段可知,Miriam Raleigh指出,現(xiàn)在很多年輕父母們不會做飯,他們主要依靠方便食品,而長期食用方便食品會導致一些健康問題。因此Miriam Raleigh主要表達了對這種不健康生活方式的擔憂。
8.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,Stephanie Alexander對她的“廚房花園”這一項目滿懷信心。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。我們花在電子屏幕上的時間越來越多,作者認為這是一種巨大的浪費——我們必須減少屏幕時間。
9.B 根據(jù)上下文可知,這位青少年在抱怨事情多而時間少,故B項符合語境。
10.E 下句提到每周多出7個小時,因此E項(如果每天有25個小時,那不是很好嗎?)符合語境。
11.G 上文指出每天花費大量時間在電子屏幕上是一種巨大的浪費,G項是對此的進一步解釋說明。
12.D 上文指出美國青少年每周花費大約63個小時在各種電子屏幕上,這個時間顯然超過了他們的睡眠時間。故D項符合語境。
13.F 上句指出過多的屏幕時間會傷害我們的視力、影響我們的心情,F(xiàn)項進一步指出它還會影響到我們的心理健康。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了美國教師節(jié)的來歷。
14.when 考查連詞。這里從屬連詞when引導一個表語從句。
15.are 考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本句主語為you,且需要用一般現(xiàn)在時,因此這里應用系動詞are。
16.a 考查冠詞。這里不定冠詞a修飾后面的名詞profession。
17.to say 考查非謂語動詞。這里動詞不定式短語作后置定語,修飾前面的名詞chance。
18.professions 考查名詞復數(shù)。前面的one of the暗示這里應用可數(shù)名詞profession的復數(shù)形式。
19.noblest 考查形容詞的最高級。后面的介詞短語of all time (有史以來)暗示這里應用形容詞的最高級形式。
20.that 考查強調句。it was in 1944 that an Arkansas school teacher ...是一個強調句。
21.wrote 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,這里應用一般過去時。
22.was introduced 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這里表示該想法“被介紹給”國會,因此用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
23.convincing 考查非謂語動詞。設空處前面是介詞in,因此這里應用動詞-ing形式。
5 / 5Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
基本句子結構
1.I’m a little anxious right now.
2.I want to make a good first impression.
3.He even told us a funny story.
4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
5.There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
6.What happened in the chemistry class?
7.I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
8.For Tim, that dream has come true!
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
 感知上面句子,并把句子序號寫在相應的結構后面
主語+謂語(S+V)  
主語+謂語+賓語(S+V+O)  
主語(+系動詞)+表語(S+P)  
主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO)  
主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語(S+V+O+C)  
主語+謂語+狀語(S+V+A)  
主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(S+V+O+A)  
there be句型(There be ...)  
一、 八種句子成分
構成句子的各個部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主語、謂語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、狀語和同位語。
1.主語(subject)
主語表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的短語或句子等充當,置于句首。
As the old saying goes,“Good advice is beyond price.” (名詞短語作主語)
正如老話所說:“忠告乃無價之寶。”
You never missed a single practice. (代詞)
你從來沒有錯過一次訓練。
To see is to believe. (動詞不定式)
眼見為實。
Keeping a diary is a good way to practise writing. (動詞-ing短語)
寫日記是練習寫作的好方法。
What troubles me most is that it’s difficult for me to enjoy a good sleep every night. (主語從句)
最讓我困擾的是每天晚上我都很難睡好覺。
2.謂語(verb)
謂語用來說明或描述主語的動作、狀態(tài)或特征,由動詞或動詞短語充當,位于主語之后。
(2023·全國乙卷)Last summer, I learned the new skill of Chinese painting.(簡單謂語)
去年夏天,我學習了中國畫的新技巧。
I couldn’t have made such great progress without your help. (復合謂語)
沒有你的幫助,我就不會取得如此大的進步。
As a result, students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies too much. (復合謂語)
因此,學生應該花更多時間閱讀英語而不是看太多電影。
3.表語(predicative)
表語指系動詞后面的成分,通常說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)。它由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)或表語從句等充當。
While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! (名詞短語)
當你在中國的時候,黃山是一定要去參觀的!
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I’m interested in our English speaking program.(形容詞)
我對我們的英語口語節(jié)目感興趣。
My hobby is collecting stamps. (動詞-ing短語)
我的愛好是集郵。
The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all. (動詞不定式短語)
最大的幸福就是為大家的幸福而工作。
My job is looking after children. (動詞-ing短語)
我的工作是照看孩子。
My suggestion is that we should try chatting online with foreigners or keeping an English diary. (從句作表語)
我的建議是我們應該嘗試與外國人在線聊天或寫英語日記。
4.賓語(object)
賓語是及物動詞所表示的動作的對象,或是介詞所表示的某種聯(lián)系的對象,放在及物動詞的后面,一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、非謂語動詞及短語或名詞性從句等充當。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) I expressed my thanks to the teacher.(名詞)
我向老師表達了我的感謝。
Other kids will laugh at me. (代詞)
其他孩子會嘲笑我的。
People love to talk about themselves.(動詞不定式短語)
人們喜歡聊關于他們自己的話題。
Do you mind passing me the dictionary? (動詞-ing短語)
請把那本詞典遞給我,好嗎?
I do hope that you will study hard and pass the College Entrance Examination. (賓語從句)
我真的希望你會努力學習并通過高考。
5.賓語補足語(object complement)
有些及物動詞跟了賓語后意義仍不夠完整,還需要加上賓語補足語來補充說明賓語的行為、狀態(tài)、身份或特征等。賓語補足語通常放在賓語之后,一般由名詞(短語)、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)或過去分詞(短語)等充當。
We can use all kinds of resources to make learning more interesting.(形容詞)
我們可以使用各種資源使學習更有趣。
My mother always keeps everything in good order. (介詞短語)
我媽媽總是把一切都安排得井然有序。
The teacher asked us not to make so much noise. (動詞不定式短語)
老師叫我們不要制造那么多的噪聲。
I’ve never seen her dancing. (動詞-ing形式)
我從未看見過她跳舞。
He was very happy to see the work finished. (過去分詞)
他很高興看到這項工作完成了。
6.定語(attributive)
定語是用來修飾、限制名詞或代詞的。一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)、過去分詞(短語)、介詞短語或從句等充當。
(2023·全國乙卷)In a word, it was a wonderful experience that I will always remember.(形容詞)
總之,這是一次美妙的經(jīng)歷,我會永遠記得。
These are apple trees. (名詞)
這些是蘋果樹。
There is nothing to do today. (動詞不定式)
今天沒有事要做。
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. (動詞-ing形式、過去分詞短語)
那個微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆。
As a Chinese who is particularly interested in travelling, I would like to introduce my favourite city — Beijing. (定語從句)
作為一個對旅游特別感興趣的中國人,我想向你介紹我最喜歡的城市——北京。
7.狀語(adverbial)
狀語用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。一般由副詞、形容詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)、過去分詞(短語)、介詞短語、獨立主格或從句等充當。
To the researchers’ surprise, the disease was spreading more rapidly than expected. (副詞)
令研究人員吃驚的是,這種疾病傳播得比預期的要快。
Hearing my words, he finally made up his mind to run. (動詞-ing短語)
聽了我的話,他終于下定決心要跑了。
When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today. (狀語從句)
房子剛建的時候,比現(xiàn)在小得多。
8.同位語(appositive)
若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物,并且句法功能也一樣,那么,后一項稱為前一項的同位語。
We human beings should well protect our oceans for the following reasons.
我們?nèi)祟悜摵芎玫乇Wo我們的海洋,原因如下。
Professor Wang, a famous scientist, will give us a talk tomorrow.
王教授,一位著名的科學家,明天將給我們作報告。
【即時演練1】 寫出下列句中畫線部分所作的句子成分
①The manager made them work day and night.      
②I hope you will find these suggestions practical.      
③Keeping healthy is very important for us.       
④I’ll go and pick you up at your place.       
⑤We should try to put ourselves in their shoes.      
二、八種基本句型
1.主語+謂語(S+V)
這種句型結構中的謂語動詞為不及物動詞(短語),其后不能直接跟賓語,也沒有被動語態(tài)。主謂結構常用來表示主語的動作或狀態(tài)。 常見的不及物動詞(短語)有rise、 matter、 begin、 come、 go、 happen、 appear、 work、 come true、 take place等。
is rising.謂語
太陽正在升起。
is crying.謂語
小男孩正在哭泣。
2.主語+謂語+賓語(S+V+O)
(1)這種句型結構中的謂語動詞必須是及物動詞(短語),一般有被動語態(tài)。用作賓語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式或從句等。
also show謂語
that they dislike talking to others.賓語
他們的回答也顯示出他們不喜歡和別人說話。
won謂語 a medal賓語 for his great courage.
大衛(wèi)因其偉大的勇氣而獲得一枚獎章。
(2)在“動詞+介詞”的動詞短語中,賓語只能放在介詞之后;在“動詞+副詞”的動詞短語中,作賓語的名詞放于副詞前后皆可;作賓語的代詞只能放在副詞之前。
Please wake Li Ling up (=wake up Li Ling) at 6:30 in the morning.(√)
Please wake her up at 6:30 in the morning.(√)
Please wake up her at 6:30 in the morning.(×)
3.主語(+系動詞)+表語(S+P)
這種句型結構中的謂語動詞為系動詞,無被動語態(tài),也無進行時態(tài)。常見的系動詞有be動詞,還有感官系動詞(sound、 look、 smell、 taste、 feel)、變化系動詞(become、 get、 grow、 turn、 go、 fall、 run)、持續(xù)系動詞(remain、 keep、 hold、 stay)、表象系動詞(seem、 appear、 look)等。表語由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式或從句充當。
were系動詞
born here.表語
林肯的四個兒子中有三個出生在這里。
It 主語 was系動詞 sweet and fresh.表語
它又甜又新鮮。
He主語 became 系動詞 a teacher表語 of English.
他成了一名英語教師。
She主語 looked 系動詞 a little annoyed.表語
她看上去有點生氣。
4.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO)
這種句型結構中的及物動詞后跟雙賓語,指人的賓語稱為間接賓語,指物的賓語稱為直接賓語。通常間接賓語在前,直接賓語在后,也可把間接賓語置于直接賓語后,但間接賓語前需用介詞for或to。間接賓語之前用介詞to的常見動詞有give、 tell、 teach、 write、 bring、 lend、 hand、 show、 offer、 send、 pay、 order等。間接賓語之前用介詞for的常見動詞有buy、 fetch、 save、 choose、 sing等。
He 主語 bought謂語 me間接賓語 a birthday present.直接賓語
=He bought a birthday present for me.
他給我買了一件生日禮物。
I 主語 showed謂語 him間接賓語 my pictures.直接賓語
=I showed my pictures to him.
我給他看我的照片。
5.主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語(S+V+O+C)
該句型結構中的賓語補足語可以由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或非謂語動詞等充當。該句型常用于三類動詞:
(1)使役動詞:keep、 make、 let、 have、 leave、 get等;
(2)感官動詞或短語:see、 watch、 notice、 observe、 find、 catch、 hear、 feel、 smell、 look at、 listen to等;
(3)其他動詞:ask、 tell、 order、 request、 permit、 persuade 等。
Mike主語 told謂語 me賓語 not to go 賓語補足語 [now].狀語
邁克告訴我不要現(xiàn)在走。
They主語 painted謂語 the door賓語 green.賓語補足語
他們把門刷成了綠色。
6.主語+謂語+狀語(S+V+A)
該句型結構中的謂語通常為不及物動詞;副詞或介詞短語在句中作狀語,修飾或說明謂語。
They主語 talked謂語 [for half an hour].狀語
他們談了半個小時。
The time主語 passed謂語 [quickly].狀語
時光飛逝。
7.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(S+V+O+A)
該句型結構中的謂語通常為及物動詞;副詞或介詞短語在句中作狀語,修飾或說明謂語。
The boy主語 needs謂語 a mobile phone賓語 [very much].狀語
這個男孩十分需要一部手機。
 I 主語 waited for謂語 him賓語 [at the school gate].狀語
我在學校門口等他。
8.There be句型
There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人,基本結構為“There is/are/was/were ...+地點狀語”。謂語動詞有時可用表示存在的其他動詞(短語),如live、 stand、 lie、 seem/appear to be (好像有)、 happen to be (碰巧有)、 used to be (曾經(jīng)有) 等。
There is a piano in my study.
在我的書房里有一架鋼琴。
There are 56 students in my class.
在我的班里有56名學生。
【即時演練2】 寫出下列句子所屬的句型結構
①This kind of food tastes terrible.      
②He studies hard.      
③There are many places of interest worth visiting.      
④He made me very angry.      
⑤I visited many places of interest with my family last week.      
⑥Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.      
look forward to 盼望;期待(to為介詞)
【教材原句】 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.
湯姆正盼望著迎接這名新交換生。
【用法】
含介詞to的短語
pay attention to     注意
be used to 習慣于
lead to 導致
get down to 著手處理
live up to 不辜負;達到;符合
【佳句】 In a word, we are looking forward to attending your class, where we can take the chance to improve our oral English.
總之,我們期待著上您的課,在那里我們可以借此機會提高我們的英語口語。
【練透】 單句語法填空
①I am looking forward to your       (join) us and wish you a wonderful time.
②As an exchange student, I really have no idea how to get used to       (live) in the new surroundings.
【寫美】 完成句子
③                   as soon as possible. (求助信)
我期待著盡快收到你的來信。
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發(fā)現(xiàn)
8 2 1 3 4 6 7 5
即時演練1
①賓語補足語 ②賓語補足語 ③主語;表語 ④謂語;地點狀語 ⑤賓語;定語
即時演練2
①S+P ②S+V+A ③There be句型 ④S+V+O+C
⑤S+V+O+A ⑥S+V+IO+DO
【知識要點·須拾遺】
 ①joining ②living
③I’m looking forward to hearing from you
8 / 8(共82張PPT)
Section Ⅲ 
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
基本句子結構
1. I’m a little anxious right now.
2. I want to make a good first impression.
3. He even told us a funny story.
4. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
5. There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
6. What happened in the chemistry class?
7. I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
8. For Tim, that dream has come true!
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
 感知上面句子,并把句子序號寫在相應的結構后面
主語+謂語(S+V)
主語+謂語+賓語(S+V+O)
主語(+系動詞)+表語(S+P)
主語+謂語+間接賓語+
直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO)
8 
2 
1 
3 
主語+謂語+賓語+賓語
補足語(S+V+O+C)
主語+謂語+狀語(S+V+A)
主語+謂語+賓語+狀語
(S+V+O+A)
there be句型(There be ...)
4 
6 
7 
5 
一、 八種句子成分
構成句子的各個部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主語、謂語、表
語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、狀語和同位語。
1. 主語(subject)
主語表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相
當于名詞的短語或句子等充當,置于句首。
As the old saying goes,“Good advice is beyond price.” (名詞短語作
主語)
正如老話所說:“忠告乃無價之寶。”
You never missed a single practice. (代詞)
你從來沒有錯過一次訓練。
To see is to believe. (動詞不定式)
眼見為實。
Keeping a diary is a good way to practise writing. (動詞-ing短語)
寫日記是練習寫作的好方法。
What troubles me most is that it’s difficult for me to enjoy a good sleep
every night. (主語從句)
最讓我困擾的是每天晚上我都很難睡好覺。
2. 謂語(verb)
謂語用來說明或描述主語的動作、狀態(tài)或特征,由動詞或動詞短語
充當,位于主語之后。
(2023·全國乙卷)Last summer, I learned the new skill of Chinese
painting.(簡單謂語)
去年夏天,我學習了中國畫的新技巧。
I couldn’t have made such great progress without your help.
(復合謂語)
沒有你的幫助,我就不會取得如此大的進步。
As a result, students should spare more time for English reading rather
than watching movies too much. (復合謂語)
因此,學生應該花更多時間閱讀英語而不是看太多電影。
名師點津
系動詞加表語也構成復合謂語。
We are students.我們是學生。
3. 表語(predicative)
表語指系動詞后面的成分,通常說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)。它
由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式(短
語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)或表語從句等充當。
While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
(名詞短語)
當你在中國的時候,黃山是一定要去參觀的!
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I’m interested in our English speaking program.
(形容詞)
我對我們的英語口語節(jié)目感興趣。
My hobby is collecting stamps. (動詞-ing短語)
我的愛好是集郵。
The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all. (動詞不
定式短語)
最大的幸福就是為大家的幸福而工作。
My job is looking after children. (動詞-ing短語)
我的工作是照看孩子。
My suggestion is that we should try chatting online with foreigners or
keeping an English diary. (從句作表語)
我的建議是我們應該嘗試與外國人在線聊天或寫英語日記。
4. 賓語(object)
賓語是及物動詞所表示的動作的對象,或是介詞所表示的某種聯(lián)系
的對象,放在及物動詞的后面,一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、非謂語
動詞及短語或名詞性從句等充當。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) I expressed my thanks to the teacher.(名詞)
我向老師表達了我的感謝。
Other kids will laugh at me. (代詞)
其他孩子會嘲笑我的。
People love to talk about themselves.(動詞不定式短語)
人們喜歡聊關于他們自己的話題。
Do you mind passing me the dictionary? (動詞-ing短語)
請把那本詞典遞給我,好嗎?
I do hope that you will study hard and pass the College Entrance
Examination. (賓語從句)
我真的希望你會努力學習并通過高考。
5. 賓語補足語(object complement)
有些及物動詞跟了賓語后意義仍不夠完整,還需要加上賓語補足語
來補充說明賓語的行為、狀態(tài)、身份或特征等。賓語補足語通常放
在賓語之后,一般由名詞(短語)、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動
詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)或過去分詞(短語)等
充當。
We can use all kinds of resources to make learning more interesting.
(形容詞)
我們可以使用各種資源使學習更有趣。
My mother always keeps everything in good order. (介詞短語)
我媽媽總是把一切都安排得井然有序。
The teacher asked us not to make so much noise. (動詞不定式
短語)
老師叫我們不要制造那么多的噪聲。
I’ve never seen her dancing. (動詞-ing形式)
我從未看見過她跳舞。
He was very happy to see the work finished. (過去分詞)
他很高興看到這項工作完成了。
6. 定語(attributive)
定語是用來修飾、限制名詞或代詞的。一般由形容詞、名詞、代
詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)、
過去分詞(短語)、介詞短語或從句等充當。
(2023·全國乙卷)In a word, it was a wonderful experience that I
will always remember.(形容詞)
總之,這是一次美妙的經(jīng)歷,我會永遠記得。
These are apple trees. (名詞)
這些是蘋果樹。
There is nothing to do today. (動詞不定式)
今天沒有事要做。
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. (動詞-ing形
式、過去分詞短語)
那個微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆。
As a Chinese who is particularly interested in travelling, I would
like to introduce my favourite city — Beijing. (定語從句)
作為一個對旅游特別感興趣的中國人,我想向你介紹我最喜歡的城
市——北京。
7. 狀語(adverbial)
狀語用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。一般由副詞、形容
詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式(短語)、過去分詞(短
語)、介詞短語、獨立主格或從句等充當。
To the researchers’ surprise, the disease was spreading more rapidly
than expected. (副詞)
令研究人員吃驚的是,這種疾病傳播得比預期的要快。
Hearing my words, he finally made up his mind to run. (動詞-
ing短語)
聽了我的話,他終于下定決心要跑了。
When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today.
(狀語從句)
房子剛建的時候,比現(xiàn)在小得多。
8. 同位語(appositive)
若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物,并且句法功能也一樣,那么,
后一項稱為前一項的同位語。
We human beings should well protect our oceans for the following
reasons.
我們?nèi)祟悜摵芎玫乇Wo我們的海洋,原因如下。
Professor Wang, a famous scientist, will give us a talk tomorrow.
王教授,一位著名的科學家,明天將給我們作報告。
【即時演練1】 寫出下列句中畫線部分所作的句子成分
①The manager made them work day and night.
②I hope you will find these suggestions practical.
③Keeping healthy is very important for us.
④I’ll go and pick you up at your place.
⑤We should try to put ourselves in their shoes.
賓語補足語 
賓語補足語 
主語;表語 
謂語;地點狀語 
賓語;定語 
二、八種基本句型
1. 主語+謂語(S+V)
這種句型結構中的謂語動詞為不及物動詞(短語),其后不能直接
跟賓語,也沒有被動語態(tài)。主謂結構常用來表示主語的動作或狀
態(tài)。 常見的不及物動詞(短語)有rise、 matter、 begin、 come、
go、 happen、 appear、 work、 come true、 take place等。
is rising.謂語
太陽正在升起。
is crying.謂語
小男孩正在哭泣。
2. 主語+謂語+賓語(S+V+O)
(1)這種句型結構中的謂語動詞必須是及物動詞(短語),一般
有被動語態(tài)。用作賓語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞不定
式、動詞-ing形式或從句等。
also show謂語
that they dislike talking to others.賓語
他們的回答也顯示出他們不喜歡和別人說話。
won謂語 a medal賓語 for his great courage.
大衛(wèi)因其偉大的勇氣而獲得一枚獎章。
(2)在“動詞+介詞”的動詞短語中,賓語只能放在介詞之后;在
“動詞+副詞”的動詞短語中,作賓語的名詞放于副詞前后皆
可;作賓語的代詞只能放在副詞之前。
Please wake Li Ling up (=wake up Li Ling) at 6:30 in the
morning.(√)
Please wake her up at 6:30 in the morning.(√)
Please wake up her at 6:30 in the morning.(×)
3. 主語(+系動詞)+表語(S+P)
這種句型結構中的謂語動詞為系動詞,無被動語態(tài),也無進行時
態(tài)。常見的系動詞有be動詞,還有感官系動詞(sound、 look、
smell、 taste、 feel)、變化系動詞(become、 get、 grow、 turn、
go、 fall、 run)、持續(xù)系動詞(remain、 keep、 hold、 stay)、表
象系動詞(seem、 appear、 look)等。表語由名詞、形容詞、介詞
短語、分詞、動詞不定式或從句充當。
were系動詞
born here.表語
林肯的四個兒子中有三個出生在這里。
It 主語 was系動詞 sweet and fresh.表語
它又甜又新鮮。
He主語 became 系動詞 a teacher表語 of English.
他成了一名英語教師。
She主語 looked 系動詞 a little annoyed.表語
她看上去有點生氣。
4. 主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO)
這種句型結構中的及物動詞后跟雙賓語,指人的賓語稱為間接賓
語,指物的賓語稱為直接賓語。通常間接賓語在前,直接賓語在
后,也可把間接賓語置于直接賓語后,但間接賓語前需用介詞for或
to。間接賓語之前用介詞to的常見動詞有give、 tell、 teach、
write、 bring、 lend、 hand、 show、 offer、 send、 pay、 order等。
間接賓語之前用介詞for的常見動詞有buy、 fetch、 save、 choose、
sing等。
He 主語 bought謂語 me間接賓語 a birthday present.直接賓語
=He bought a birthday present for me.
他給我買了一件生日禮物。
I 主語 showed謂語 him間接賓語 my pictures.直接賓語
=I showed my pictures to him.
我給他看我的照片。
5. 主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語(S+V+O+C)
該句型結構中的賓語補足語可以由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語
或非謂語動詞等充當。該句型常用于三類動詞:
(1)使役動詞:keep、 make、 let、 have、 leave、 get等;
(2)感官動詞或短語:see、 watch、 notice、 observe、 find、
catch、 hear、 feel、 smell、 look at、 listen to等;
(3)其他動詞:ask、 tell、 order、 request、 permit、
persuade 等。
Mike主語 told謂語 me賓語 not to go 賓語補足語 [now].狀語
邁克告訴我不要現(xiàn)在走。
They主語 painted謂語 the door賓語 green.賓語補足語
他們把門刷成了綠色。
6. 主語+謂語+狀語(S+V+A)
該句型結構中的謂語通常為不及物動詞;副詞或介詞短語在句中作
狀語,修飾或說明謂語。
They主語 talked謂語 [for half an hour].狀語
他們談了半個小時。
The time主語 passed謂語 [quickly].狀語
時光飛逝。
7. 主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(S+V+O+A)
該句型結構中的謂語通常為及物動詞;副詞或介詞短語在句中作狀
語,修飾或說明謂語。
The boy主語 needs謂語 a mobile phone賓語 [very much].狀語
這個男孩十分需要一部手機。
 I 主語 waited for謂語 him賓語 [at the school gate].狀語
我在學校門口等他。
8. There be句型
There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人,基本結構為“There
is/are/was/were ...+地點狀語”。謂語動詞有時可用表示存在的其他
動詞(短語),如live、 stand、 lie、 seem/appear to be (好像
有)、 happen to be (碰巧有)、 used to be (曾經(jīng)有) 等。
There is a piano in my study.
在我的書房里有一架鋼琴。
There are 56 students in my class.
在我的班里有56名學生。
【即時演練2】 寫出下列句子所屬的句型結構
①This kind of food tastes terrible.
②He studies hard.
③There are many places of interest worth visiting.
④He made me very angry.
⑤I visited many places of interest with my family last week.
⑥Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.
S+P 
S+V+A 
There be句型 
S+V+O+C 
S+V+O+A 
S+V+IO+DO 
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
look forward to 盼望;期待(to為介詞)
【教材原句】 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange
student.
湯姆正盼望著迎接這名新交換生。
含介詞to的短語
pay attention to     注意
be used to 習慣于
lead to 導致
get down to 著手處理
live up to 不辜負;達到;符合
【用法】
【佳句】 In a word, we are looking forward to attending your class,
where we can take the chance to improve our oral English.
總之,我們期待著上您的課,在那里我們可以借此機會提高我們的英
語口語。
【練透】 單句語法填空
①I am looking forward to your (join) us and wish you a
wonderful time.
②As an exchange student, I really have no idea how to get used
to (live) in the new surroundings.
joining 
living 
【寫美】 完成句子
③ as soon as possible.
(求助信)
我期待著盡快收到你的來信。
I’m looking forward to hearing from you 
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養(yǎng)
3
維度一:基礎題型練
  寫出下列句中畫線部分所作的句子成分。
1. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
2. In the end, the train arrived.
3. His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully.

(直接)賓語 
謂語 
賓語補
足語 
4. The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday.

5. Our school set up a new club.
6. This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends.

7. I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul.
8. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.
9. We must get together again some day.
10. If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
賓語補足語 
謂語 
(直接)賓語 
賓語 
主語 
狀語 
狀語 
11. They should make use of their spare time to taste these wonderful
works carefully.
12. A farmer told us how to pick oranges.
狀語 
(間接)賓語 
維度二:語法與寫作
  用給出的句子結構翻譯下列句子。
1. 這個領域的一位著名教授將就如何保護我們的環(huán)境給我們作講座。
(主語+謂語+賓語)


2. 在不久的將來,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的學校生活豐富多彩, 并且有趣。(主
語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)


 A famous professor in this field will give us a lecture on how to
protect our environment. 
 You will find your school life colourful and interesting in the near
future. 
3. 現(xiàn)在這種活動在中學里變得很受歡迎。(主語+系動詞+表語)

4. 我們尚未決定什么時候再討論這個問題。(主語+謂語+賓語)

5. 奶奶昨晚送給我一個非常漂亮的玩具娃娃。(主語+謂語+間接賓
語+直接賓語)

6. 每天早上我們都能聽到他大聲朗讀英語。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓
語補足語)

Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in high schools. 
We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again. 
Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night. 
Every morning we can hear him read English aloud. 
7. 早睡早起對你的健康有益。(主語+系動詞+表語,動詞-ing短語
作主語)

8. 美國的歷史開始于此。(主語+謂語+狀語)

9. 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)英語容易學。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)

10. 一切都會好起來的。(主語+系動詞+表語)

Going to bed early and getting up early are good for your health. 
The history of America began here. 
You will find English easy to learn. 
Everything will be all right. 
維度三:語法與語篇
  閱讀下面短文,分析并寫出畫線部分的句子結構。
1. My parents love me very much.However,they like making almost all
decisions for me.They choose schools and subjects for me.Sometimes
even the daily timetables have to be decided by them.In my opinion,
2.deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in
many ways.Firstly,3.it will make children less confident,4.which is
useless to their development.Secondly,in many cases parents don’t care
about children’s personal ideas and interests,5.which will influence
their growth greatly.As a result,6.a lot of children are complaining!I
do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for
everybody.7.Parents should give us chances to make our decisions.They
may help us make choices instead of replacing us to do it.After all,
8.there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves.
答案:1.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 2.主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 3.
主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語 4.主語+系動詞+表語 5.主語
+謂語+賓語+狀語
6. 主語+謂語 7.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語
8. There be句型
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  (2024·山東六校高一下學期聯(lián)考)Today was my first day at senior
high school and it was hard.In high school, you have 4 minutes to get to
your next class.My high school is very big and those 4 minutes to go from
one class to another really isn’t a lot of time.Today I had to go from one
end of the building to the other to get from science class to maths class.I
wanted to go to my locker first and leave my science book there, but that
took time.I was worried about being late, and I was.The maths teacher
said,“Just be on time tomorrow, or you’ll have detention (放學后留
校).”
After maths, I went to art class.I like my art class a lot because I like
creating things.The teacher there showed us how to make portraits (肖
像).He explained,“A portrait is a way of communicating with a
person.It does not just show how the person looks but what is important to
understand the person.” We just did drawings today, but I know it’s going
to be great.I like drawing.
I like my English class, too.I think the teacher is really
supportive.Today we wrote about ourselves.We could write a paragraph or
a poem, and I wrote a poem about myself.I thought it was a good poem,
and the teacher said I had used good images (意象) to communicate my
feelings.
Lunch was very hurried.I arrived at the dining room with 12 minutes
to eat.I sat with people I didn’t know, and everyone was eating
quickly.After lunch I signed up for a computer club.I need to learn how to
use a computer well because my social studies teacher says it is the one
skill you need in every class.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在高中第一天的學
習與生活。
本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在高中第一天的學
習與生活。
1. What happened to the author after science class?
A. He lost his science textbook.
B. He got lost on the campus.
C. He was late for maths class.
D. He was given detention.
解析: 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的I was worried about being
late, and I was.The maths teacher said, “Just be on time tomorrow,
or you’ll have detention (放學后留校).”可知,由于課間時間太
短,作者上數(shù)學課時遲到了。
2. What did the author think of his art class?
A. Difficult. B. Enjoyable.
C. Boring. D. Easy.
解析: 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的I like my art class a lot
because I like creating things.以及We just did drawings today,
but I know it’s going to be great.I like drawing.可知,作者很喜
歡上美術課。
3. What did the English teacher do after seeing the author’s work?
A. He praised the author.
B. He pointed out the author’s mistakes.
C. He asked the author to check punctuation.
D. He encouraged the author to introduce himself.
解析: 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的the teacher said I had used
good images (意象) to communicate my feelings 可知,英語老師表
揚了作者創(chuàng)作的詩歌,認為他在運用意象表達情感方面做得不錯。
4. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Learn Useful Skills in High School
B. My New Teachers in High School
C. Make Plans for High School Life
D. My First Day in High School
解析: 標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講述了作者在高
中第一天的學習與生活。因此D項(我在高中的第一天)為文章最
佳標題。
B
  (2024·常州高一下學期質檢)Australian teenagers are missing
important, basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative influence on
their health.It’s also leading our next generation towards increased rates of
obesity, according to the findings of a survey.
  A national survey of 1,006 parents found that: Close to half of all
12-18-year-olds can’t boil an egg; 1 in 5 only have kitchen skills that
allow them to pour milk on cereal; 42 percent can’t boil noodles; 83.9
percent don’t know how to roast a chicken; 60.1 percent can’t bake a
potato.
  Research company Pureprofile asked parents to judge how well their
kids could perform in the kitchen across some tasks.
  More than half (67.3 percent) of parents believe their children
could do better when it comes to healthy food and lifestyle
knowledge.Close to half of parents (42.5 percent) believe poor food
choices are caused by lack of education at middle school, with 9 in 10
parents in support of schools doing more to encourage a healthy lifestyle.
  Miriam Raleigh, a middle school teacher, said she was already
seeing a generation of young parents who had “no idea how to cook”.
  “They depend on convenience (方便) meals and easy snacks and
those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to
obesity and a lot of health problems,” Ms Raleigh said.
  The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder Stephanie Alexander
said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be
heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids.Ms
Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into
middle schools so teenagers can learn the art of cooking food.
  “I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I
really believe we can have the same success in middle schools,” she said.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。澳大利亞的一項調查發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大利
亞大部分青少年的動手能力很差,主要體現(xiàn)在不會干廚房里一些很
基本的家務。
本文是一篇說明文。澳大利亞的一項調查發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大利
亞大部分青少年的動手能力很差,主要體現(xiàn)在不會干廚房里一些很
基本的家務。
5. What did the national survey find about Australian teenagers?
A. They don’t eat healthily.
B. They are poor at cooking.
C. They like convenience meals.
D. They are interested in cooking.
解析: 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,這個調查發(fā)現(xiàn),澳大
利亞大部分青少年在廚房的動手能力都很差,不會做一些很基本
的家務。
6. How does the author develop the first half of the text?
A. By telling some stories.
B. By giving some examples.
C. By offering some numbers.
D. By answering some questions.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據(jù)前四段可知,作者主要通過列舉一些
數(shù)字來展開說明和論述。
7. What did Miriam Raleigh try to express?
A. Her interest in easy snacks.
B. Her interest in health problems.
C. Her worry about the young teenagers.
D. Her worry about the unhealthy lifestyle.
解析: 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五、六段可知,Miriam Raleigh指
出,現(xiàn)在很多年輕父母們不會做飯,他們主要依靠方便食品,而長
期食用方便食品會導致一些健康問題。因此Miriam Raleigh主要表達
了對這種不健康生活方式的擔憂。
8. How did Stephanie Alexander feel about her Kitchen Garden program?
A. Very worried.
B. Very confident.
C. A little doubtful.
D. A little surprised.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,Stephanie Alexander對
她的“廚房花園”這一項目滿懷信心。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
  “I’m really busy,” said one teenage guy.“  9  How can I possibly
do it all?” You can do it all, or at least most of it, if you’ll be more
careful with your time.As Benjamin Franklin put it, “Do you love life?
Then do not waste time; for that’s the stuff life is made of.”
 10  Think about what you could do with an extra 7 hours per
week.Well, you know what? I’m sure you’re wasting at least 7 to 20
hours each week and don’t even realise it.
Screens are the biggest time wasters — from the big flat-screen in the
living room to all the laptops, tablets, and smartphones littering the
house and beeping for attention every minute of the day.Relaxing after
school by spending a few minutes watching a funny clip on YouTube,
playing a game on your phone, or catching up with your friends on social
media is no big deal.Too much time spent with your nose in a screen,
however, is a total waste.  11 
Do you know that the average US teen spends 9 hours using media
every day? That’s 63 hours a week spent playing video games, texting,
sharing photos on Snapchat and Instagram, and above all watching
TV.  12  And then they complain that they don’t have time for anything.
Excessive screen time can cause eye damage as well as affect our
mood.  13  While it is impossible to completely escape the screen,
there are ways to reduce the time you place your eyes and brain under the
screen strain.
A. That’s why people do so.
B. So much to do; so little time.
C. Why are they so busy all the time?
D. This is more time than they spend sleeping.
E. Wouldn’t it be great if every day had 25 hours?
F. What’s worse, it can do harm to our mental health.
G. That’s an activity which is neither urgent nor important.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。我們花在電子屏幕上的時間越來越
多,作者認為這是一種巨大的浪費——我們必須減少屏幕時間。
本文是一篇說明文。我們花在電子屏幕上的時間越來越
多,作者認為這是一種巨大的浪費——我們必須減少屏幕時間。
9. B 根據(jù)上下文可知,這位青少年在抱怨事情多而時間少,故B項符
合語境。
10. E 下句提到每周多出7個小時,因此E項(如果每天有25個小時,
那不是很好嗎?)符合語境。
11. G 上文指出每天花費大量時間在電子屏幕上是一種巨大的浪費,
G項是對此的進一步解釋說明。
12. D 上文指出美國青少年每周花費大約63個小時在各種電子屏幕
上,這個時間顯然超過了他們的睡眠時間。故D項符合語境。
13. F 上句指出過多的屏幕時間會傷害我們的視力、影響我們的心
情,F(xiàn)項進一步指出它還會影響到我們的心理健康。
Ⅲ.語法填空
  Teacher Appreciation Week is celebrated in America in the first full
week of May, and is  14  teachers get the extra credit they
deserve.Whether you have a teacher, know a teacher, or  15  (be)
a teacher, there are endless ways to give a little extra support to teachers
and teachers’ organizations.Teaching is known to be  16  time-
consuming and challenging profession, so this week is our
chance  17  (say) thank you to those who play or have played such a
huge role in our lives.Who doesn’t have a great memory of a teacher who
inspired us in some way?
  Teaching is one of the oldest  18  (profession) — in 561 BCE,
the first private teacher in history was one of the  19  (noble) men of
all time, Confucius.
  Though the origins of Teacher Appreciation Week are somewhat
murky, it is clear that it was in 1944  20  an Arkansas school
teacher, Mattye White Woodridge,  21  (write) to politicians and
educational professionals about the demand for a day to appreciate
teachers.However, it wasn’t for nearly a decade until the idea  22 
(introduce) to Congress by none other than Eleanor Roosevelt.In
1953, she was successful in  23  (convince) lawmakers to adopt
the day.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了美國教師節(jié)的來
歷。
14. when 考查連詞。這里從屬連詞when引導一個表語從句。
15. are 考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本句主語為you,且需要用一般
現(xiàn)在時,因此這里應用系動詞are。
16. a 考查冠詞。這里不定冠詞a修飾后面的名詞profession。
17. to say 考查非謂語動詞。這里動詞不定式短語作后置定語,修飾
前面的名詞chance。
本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了美國教師節(jié)的來
歷。
18. professions 考查名詞復數(shù)。前面的one of the暗示這里應用可數(shù)名
詞profession的復數(shù)形式。
19. noblest 考查形容詞的最高級。后面的介詞短語of all time (有史
以來)暗示這里應用形容詞的最高級形式。
20. that 考查強調句。it was in 1944 that an Arkansas school teacher ...
是一個強調句。
21. wrote 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,這里應用一般過
去時。
22. was introduced 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這里表示該想法“被介紹
給”國會,因此用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
23. convincing 考查非謂語動詞。設空處前面是介詞in,因此這里應
用動詞-ing形式。
謝謝觀看!

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