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Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
維度一：品句填詞
根據(jù)所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1.The emergency broke out last night， causing more than ten d　　　　　　.
2.My parents often c　　　　　　 me with some inspiring words.
3.He is a learned person and we all a　　　　　　 him very much.
4.Sadly， all his efforts ended in f　　　　　　.
5.The waiting room is c　　　　　　 with passengers waiting for the bus to come.
6.I’ve promised to keep him 　　　　　　（陪伴） when his parents are out.
7.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to 　　　　　　（逃跑）.
8.We 　　　　　　（尋找） an answer to the question， but couldn’t find one.
9.To our surprise， there was an 　　　　　　（尷尬的） silence after his speech.
10.After the accident， the police carried out a 　　　　（徹底的） investigation.
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
用所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1.Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　　　　　（reflect） of his family environment.
2.Lie down on your bed and make yourself 　　　　　　（comfort）.
3.The engineer has done something 　　　　　　（admire） in this field.
4.Even a great inventor makes many experiments that end in 　　　　　　（fail）.
5.The new regulations will be 　　　　　　（benefit） to everyone concerned.
6.The prize is a 　　　　　　（recognize） for your selfless contribution.
7.The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four 　　　　　　（dead）.
8.Suddenly it got more 　　　　　　（crowd） around us and I noticed a man was following us.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據(jù)漢語及括號內(nèi)提示完成下列句子。
1.我發(fā)現(xiàn)和我弟弟玩挺有趣的。（it作形式賓語）
I 　　　　　　　　　to play with my younger brother.
2.只有當(dāng)我們再次研究這些數(shù)據(jù)的時候，我們才意識到出了錯。（倒裝句）
Only when we had studied the data again 　　　　　　　　　　there was a mistake.
3.有些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，會呈現(xiàn)出周圍環(huán)境的顏色。（take on）
Some insects 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to protect themselves.
4.這幅圖片意在鼓勵人們讀更多的書。（be meant to do sth）
The picture 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　more books.
5.她和她媽媽一樣是位受學(xué)生尊敬的好老師。（as ...as ...）
She is 　　　　　　　　　　her mother respected by students.
6.它是一個擁有2000多年悠久歷史的城市。（that引導(dǎo)的定語從句）
It is a city 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內(nèi)容， 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
　　When we walk the “path of life”， sometimes friendship can help us 1.　　　　　　 （smooth） out the rocky road that we 2.　　　　　　 （mean） to travel.Generally speaking， close friendships have three main 3.　　　　　　 （benefit）.The first is 4.　　　　　　 they can comfort the heart， because the peace comes from friends 5.　　　　 we share with our joy， sadness， success and failure.The second is that they can advise 6.　　　　　　 head because we may have better understanding and judgement 7.　　　　　　 （achieve） through conversations with well-meaning friends.The third is that they can help us achieve the goals 8.　　　　　　 many different ways.Finally， if we want to 9.　　　　　　 （well） walk the “path of life” with the comfort， advice and help from our 10.　　　　　　 （trust） friends， we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In the second year of my high school， I went abroad to continue my education.Shortly after I moved in with my host family， an Italian girl moved in too.Since the house had limited space， we roomed together.My negative outlook on roommates started from that moment.My roommate liked to invite friends over and hold parties， but I preferred staying in my room and enjoying myself.Then conflicts started to appear.
After that experience， I told myself that I never wanted a roommate again.Unfortunately， life quickly challenged me when I went to college.It required all first-year students to live on campus， which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know.From that point on， I began worrying.
I met my future roommate Yizhou for the very first time on 23 August. When I talked to her， I tried my best to smile and nod in order to hide my nervousness.We attended the same class and afterwards she invited me to have lunch.I completely freaked out.I told myself that I should step out of my comfort zone and try to talk to my new roommate， even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest.I considered it for a long time， and finally， I accepted her invitation.
After we lived together for a few weeks， I got to know Yizhou already owned a small business selling clothes， while I kept struggling to set goals.One night， she asked me what I wanted to do for my career.I looked into her eyes for a long time， and then said， “I don’t know.” “Don’t worry！ We will work together and I’ll help you find what you are passionate about，” she said in a gentle voice.Under her influence， I found my interest and knew what I wanted to be after graduation.And because of her， I felt having a roommate could be so amazing.
1.Why did the author feel bad while living with her host family？
A.She hardly made new friends.
B.She disliked sharing a room with another person.
C.She was annoyed by her roommate’s lifestyle.
D.She had trouble communicating with foreigners.
2.What was the first challenge the author met in college？
A.Dealing with cultural differences.
B.Sharing a room with a stranger.
C.Making plans for her future career.
D.Communicating with her new classmates.
3.What do the underlined words “freaked out” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.Felt excited. B.Felt confused.
C.Became interested. D.Got frightened.
4.Which of the following can best describe Yizhou？
A.Inspiring and helpful.
B.Brave and selfless.
C.Creative and outgoing.
D.Serious and honest.
B
　　As Aristotle said， “No one would choose to live without friends， even if he had all other goods.” But have you ever made friends online？ What exactly is an online friend？ What’s the difference between an online friendship and an offline one？
A person you know only through the Internet （which includes social networking sites like Facebook， Instagram and Pinterest） or email and will seldom， if ever， meet is considered an online friend.Online friendships can develop in places like forums （論壇）， gaming sites， blogs， online groups or even from websites that help you meet friends.
An online friendship begins when two people bond with each other， just like an offline relationship.They may share photos， email each other， or chat on the phone finally.The friendship can become a source of support and provide emotional benefits even though the friends will never meet in real life.
Online friendships can be valuable during times when you lack friends or have just moved to a new city or country.But in order for a friendship to be truly real， you need to communicate face to face.That isn’t to say that an online friendship can’t hold a special place in your heart or give you the kind of acceptance and support your desire.What it means is that this type of friendship will be very different.In an online friendship， people can hide their true personality.You’ll never see them lose their temper or show you how they act when they’re tired or hungry.They have the choice to always show their best selves， always say the right thing and even avoid upsetting you with subjects they bring up during small talk or a deeper conversation.
An online friendship can feel very real.However， since you can hide behind the computer， it isn’t exactly the same as when you have friends you can meet in person.
5.Why does the author raise the questions in Paragraph 1？
A.To express his great doubt.
B.To introduce the topic for discussion.
C.To show the importance of online friends.
D.To get readers to care about the Internet.
6.What does Paragraph 2 tell us？
A.What an online friend is.
B.Different ways of making friends.
C.Different kinds of social networks.
D.How to make friends on the Internet.
7.What does the underlined word “bond” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A.Fight. B.Compare.
C.Contact. D.Love.
8.How does an online friendship differ from a real-life friendship？
A.It can’t become a source of support.
B.It takes more time and effort to keep.
C.It lacks communication with great depth.
D.It can’t tell what a person is really like.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
BE A GOOD TOURIST
　　Tourism can be both good and bad.Yes， it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals.　9　
One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination.They have used paint， rocks， or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt， the Colosseum in Rome， Stonehenge in the UK， and many， many other places.　10　 I have three words for people like this： please stop it.If you want to leave a mark on the world， do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love.
　11　 Some tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission.For example， Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas， taking pictures of students， and disturbing their studies.Another example is Sanlitun， a famous neighbourhood in Beijing， China.　12　 I have three words for tourists like this： please be considerate.Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.
The number of problems from tourists is endless： Walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by， crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws， and many more.The only way to solve those problems is to make sure that you are not one of those terrible tourists！ 　13　 Remember， whenever you step out of your country， you are representing your country to the rest of the world.
A.Pass kindness along to future generations.
B.However， it may also bring some problems.
C.Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed.
D.Be the best， kindest， most polite tourist possible.
E.People are attracted to the amazing food there and enjoy shopping at the local markets.
F.Some tourists love to party there late into the night， making it difficult for locals to sleep.
G.Another big headache in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life.
9.　　 　 　　　10.　　　　　　11.　　　　
12.　　　 13.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Life is full of uncertainties， and every activity we do carries some level of 　14　.Some activities， like snowboarding， often have a higher possibility of injury.Ian Steger 　15　 this first-hand when he had a serious snowboarding accident， but he was so 　16　 that Francis Zuber passed by.
In March， Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in Washington State.During their 　17　， things took a dangerous turn.While moving through the trees， Ian fell backward and crashed into one， finding himself 　18　 in a deep hole of snow.
Ian explained the 　19　， “When we entered the trees， they were so 　20　 together that we each had to find our own paths.Unluckily， the path I 　21　 led me straight into a big tree well.” Fearing the worst， Ian thought he was facing his 　22　 moments.However， Francis Zuber， a skier， happened to pass by.
Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye.He 　23　 a snowboard sticking out from the snow， which was 　24　 considering how far they were from any populated areas.Worried， Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive any 　25　.
Without hesitation， Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap.In the end， he 　26　 it.Feeling extremely 　27　， Ian hugged Francis， telling him， “I’m so glad you 　28　 my life today.”
14.A.interest　　　　B.risk
C.boredom D.success
15.A.discovered B.described
C.mentioned D.guessed
16.A.proud B.nervous
C.sure D.lucky
17.A.visit B.adventure
C.training D.discussion
18.A.beaten B.hidden
C.trapped D.tested
19.A.situation B.method
C.difference D.invitation
20.A.close B.safe
C.unique D.high
21.A.advised B.cleared
C.chose D.saw
22.A.quiet B.final
C.right D.long
23.A.heard B.imagined
C.kept D.noticed
24.A.funny B.true
C.unusual D.impossible
25.A.report B.warning
C.promise D.answer
26.A.made B.got
C.put D.meant
27.A.tired B.thankful
C.curious D.satisfied
28.A.calmed B.touched
C.spared D.saved
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
　　If you are walking across the campus， you can be embarrassed with every pair of eyes on you， especially when you’re 13 years old.I looked around to find a friendly face or a smile， but got nothing.I was quite disappointed.And I， in turn， felt a little foolish， walking across the campus with a false smile on my face.I was simply hoping to follow the advice that my mother had given me years before： When things get awkward， smile.No matter where you are， a smile will always be understood.At that very moment， however， I felt my mother’s advice didn’t work.
Just at that time， I was asking myself questions and concerns of any 13-year-old on the first day of school： Where would I sit at lunch？ Who would I talk to？ Not to mention， how would I make friends when I didn’t even speak the language？ My heart was beating fast， and I felt nervous.Still， I did my best to be calm so as not to let others know just how scared I truly was.
When the teacher introduced me to the class as the “American girl”， 10 sets of hands immediately shot up.Some students had questions， while others wanted to practise their English with me.Because I didn’t speak much Chinese then， I talked with the other students through body language mixed with English and broken Chinese.However， I was not sure how much of it was positive.It was almost as if they weren’t sure what to make of me and I was being examined.Then again， who could blame them？ After all， I was the first American ever to attend the school.So， we were all first-timers.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
　　Then came the first class — Chinese painting.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　As I burnt with great embarrassment， Li Hua， who was next to me， gave me a warm smile.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project &
Assessment
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.deaths　2.comfort　3.admire　4.failure　5.crowded
6.company　7.escape　8.sought　9.awkward　10.thorough
維度二
1.reflection　2.comfortable　3.admirable　4.failure
5.beneficial　6.recognition　7.deaths　8.crowded
維度三
1.find it interesting
2.did we realize that
3.take on the colour of their surroundings
4.is meant to encourage people to read
5.as good a teacher as
6.that has a history of more than 2，000 years
維度四
1.（to） smooth　2.are meant　3.benefits　4.that
5.whom/that　6.the　7.achieved　8.in　9.better　10.trusted
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者不喜歡和別人一起住，后來上大學(xué)時按照學(xué)校要求作者不得不和別人一起住，作者起初很緊張，后來在室友的幫助下作者認(rèn)為有個室友很棒。
1.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，作者和寄宿家庭住在一起時感覺不舒服是因為她對室友的生活方式感到惱怒。
2.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的It required all first-year students to live on campus， which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know.可知，作者在大學(xué)里遇到的第一個挑戰(zhàn)是和陌生人同住一間房。
3.D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的I told myself that I should step out of my comfort zone and try to talk to my new roommate， even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest.可知，作者對室友的邀請感到害怕。由此推知，freaked out意為“害怕”，和got frightened意思相近。
4.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Yizhou說的話和最后兩句可推知，Yizhou鼓勵了作者，且?guī)椭俗髡撸虼丝梢杂胕nspiring和helpful來描述Yizhou。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了網(wǎng)友的定義、網(wǎng)絡(luò)友情的意義及存在的問題等。
5.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，第一段先引用亞里士多德的話來說明友誼的重要性，并提出了一些問題，接下來的段落介紹了網(wǎng)友的定義及意義等。由此可推知，作者在第一段提出這些問題是為了引出本文要討論的話題。
6.A　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的A person you know only through the Internet ...meet is considered an online friend.可知，本段告訴了我們網(wǎng)友的定義。
7.C　詞義猜測題。畫線單詞后一句是對上一句的解釋說明，解釋了具體的交流方式。由此可推知，畫線詞所在的句子意為“網(wǎng)上友誼始于兩個人彼此建立聯(lián)系，就像線下關(guān)系一樣”，bond意為“建立互信關(guān)系”，與contact（聯(lián)系）意思最接近。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后三句可推知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼有別于真實生活中的友誼，因為網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼具有片面性和欺騙性，不能完全展示對方的真實面目。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。旅游業(yè)在帶動當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時也會產(chǎn)生諸多問題。文章建議我們在旅游時盡可能做最好、最友善、最懂禮貌的游客。
9.B　該句在首段段尾，承上啟下，與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，并總領(lǐng)引出下文，指出旅游也會帶來一些問題。
10.C　該句在段中，點明游客在景區(qū)隨意刻畫的不良后果，即造成眾多的景點和古跡被毀壞。
11.G　該句在段首，是本段的主題句，概括下文，并與第二段首句相呼應(yīng)，說明另一個因旅游帶來的大問題是它打擾了當(dāng)?shù)厝撕腿藗兊纳睢?br/>12.F　該句在段中，是對空前一句舉例的補(bǔ)充，具體說明游客的行為如何給當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽斐衫_：來三里屯游玩的游客喜歡開派對直至深夜，使得當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈茈y入眠。F項中的there指代上文的Sanlitun。
13.D　該句在段中，是對空前一句的補(bǔ)充說明，說明解決問題的方法就是要盡可能做最好、最友善、最懂禮貌的游客。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了被困在雪洞中的單板滑雪愛好者Ian Steger被路過的滑雪者Francis Zuber營救的故事。
14.B　根據(jù)下文中的Some activities， like snowboarding， often have a higher possibility of injury.可知，一些活動，如單板滑雪，受傷的可能性通常更高。由此推斷，每種活動都有一定程度的風(fēng)險。
15.A　空后的this指代上一句內(nèi)容。Ian在發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的滑雪事故時，他親身體會到了這一點。discover認(rèn)識到；first-hand第一手地，直接地。
16.D　根據(jù)空后的Francis Zuber passed by和下文中Francis營救Ian的情節(jié)可知，在Ian發(fā)生事故后，F(xiàn)rancis正好路過，然后救了他，這說明Ian很幸運(yùn)。
17.B　根據(jù)上文中的Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip和第四段中的considering how far they were from any populated areas可知，Ian和一群朋友去滑雪，滑雪的地方離人口密集區(qū)很遠(yuǎn)。由此推斷，他們進(jìn)行的是冒險旅行。
18.C　根據(jù)最后一段中的Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap可知，F(xiàn)rancis把Ian從雪洞里救出來。由此推斷，Ian向后摔倒，撞到了一棵樹上，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被困在一個很深的雪洞里。
19.A　空后引號中的內(nèi)容介紹了Ian當(dāng)時進(jìn)入樹林后陷入雪洞的原因，本空是對這部分內(nèi)容的概括，故選situation。
20.A　根據(jù)Ian的解釋可知，在他們進(jìn)入樹林后，每個人不得不找自己的路。由此推斷，樹木離得太近，他們滑雪時不得不分散開，然而不幸的是，Ian所選的路直接把他帶到一個大樹坑里。
21.C　參見上題解析。
22.B　根據(jù)空前的Fearing the worst可知，Ian被困在了樹坑中，里面全是雪，他擔(dān)心最壞的情況發(fā)生。由此推斷，他以為自己即將面臨生命的最后時刻。
23.D　Francis先是瞟見一個紅色的東西，空后的a snowboard sticking out from the snow是Francis之后留心注意到的情況。
24.C　空前的which指代a snowboard sticking out from the snow，再根據(jù)空后的considering how far they were from any populated areas可知，在這么偏僻的地方看到從雪地里突出來的滑雪板是很不尋常的。
25.D　根據(jù)空前的Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive可知，F(xiàn)rancis向Ian喊話，但沒得到回應(yīng)。
26.A　根據(jù)本段中的Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap.和Ian hugged Francis可知，F(xiàn)rancis奮力挖雪試圖從雪洞中把Ian救出來，最后他成功了，Ian最終獲救了。make it成功；get it明白了；put it表達(dá)；mean it認(rèn)真對待（所說或所寫的東西）。
27.B　根據(jù)上文中Francis救Ian的情節(jié)和Ian hugged Francis可知，獲救的Ian對Francis非常感激，他很高興Francis救了他。
28.D　參見上題解析。
Ⅳ.
　　Then came the first class — Chinese painting.The teacher showed us how to use a brush to paint bamboo on a piece of rice paper.Then all the other students began to paint.But it was quite difficult for me.How could I hold the soft brush and make it go as I wished？ Hesitating for a while， I tried dipping the brush into the inkstone.When I took it out， drops of black ink fell on the paper.There was no bamboo， but big black dots！
As I burnt with great embarrassment， Li Hua， who was next to me， gave me a warm smile.I smiled back awkwardly.He came up to me and demonstrated how to use the brush.He moved the brush across the paper， and lifelike bamboo appeared！ With his help， I finally completed the painting， although it was such an ugly one.After that， we became good friends.He taught me Chinese while I taught him English.We both made great progress in our studies.Yes， my mother was right.A smile did make a difference.
7 / 7Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Of Friendship
　　[1]As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts， for quiet periods of reflection① can lead to personal improvement. However， when we seek② to be alone， we must be careful that we do not always escape③ into our own world.Social life is also important to us.[2]More often than not④， close friendships will help smooth out⑤ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to⑥ travel.
　　[1]句中有兩個狀語從句：主句前As引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句后for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
　　[2]副詞短語More often than not在句中作狀語；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞road，that在從句中作travel的賓語。
　　[3]As we live in social groups， there are many benefits⑦ of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking， close friendships have three “fruits”： they may comfort⑧ the heart， advise the head and help us achieve the goals⑨ we set for ourselves.Through friendship， we can become happier， wiser and more satisfied humans.
　　[4]The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy， sadness， success and failure⑩. Here， friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved！ Naturally， this kind of openness results from a close friendship.With true friends， we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure .We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness.Indeed， the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.
　　[3]句中As引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞benefits of friendship。
　　[4]主句是“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the peace，并且在從句中作主語。
　　The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.[5]We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result， if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided .On the other hand， our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also， when we want to talk our problems over with a friend， we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.
　　The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways.Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self ”.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends.Friends may have many different ideas and skills.[6]They can help us achieve what we want during life and， perhaps， even after death .
　　[5]本句結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋find＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)語＋to do ...”， it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式短語。
　　[6]本句結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語（They）＋謂語（can help）＋賓語（us）＋賓語補(bǔ)語（achieve what ...）”， what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
　　[7]Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.[8]Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way， we can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort， advice and help from our trusted friends.
　　[7] it作形式主語， that引導(dǎo)的主語從句作真正的主語。在從句中，動詞-ing短語enjoying the company of a crowd作主語。
　　[8]本句為并列句的省略現(xiàn)象，and連接的兩個分句結(jié)構(gòu)相同，謂語部分都有should be， 那么可以省略第二個分句中relationships之后的should be。
　　（Adapted from “Of Friendship”， an essay written by Francis Bacon， a great English writer， scientist and philosopher）
【讀文清障】
①reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映
quiet periods of reflection靜思
reflect v.反思；反映；反射
②seek vi.試圖；尋找；爭取 vt.尋求；尋找
seek to do sth 試圖做某事
③escape vi.& vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘 n.逃離，逃脫
escape into 逃進(jìn)，躲進(jìn)
escape from 逃離
④more often than not 通常，往往，一貫
⑤smooth out 消除（問題），克服（困難）
⑥be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事
⑦benefit n.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
benefit from 從……中獲益
⑧comfort vt.寬慰，撫慰 n.舒服；安慰
comfort the heart 撫慰心靈
⑨achieve the goals 實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)
set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo)
⑩failure n.失敗；失敗的人（或事）；未履行；故障
have a double advantage 有雙重優(yōu)勢
result from 由……引起
result in 導(dǎo)致
in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
to one’s measure 照著某人的尺寸
well-meaning adj.出于好心的，善意的
well-meaning and wise friends 善意而明智的朋友
recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
one-sided adj.片面的
put one’s thoughts into words
用語言表達(dá)自己的思想
thorough adj.徹底的，全面的；仔細(xì)的
a more thorough understanding of 比較透徹理解……
with the help of 借助于……
death n.死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)
die vi.死
point out 指出
company n.陪伴，作伴；公司
enjoy the company of 享受……陪伴
crowd n.一伙人，一幫人；人群
vt.擠滿，使擁擠 vi.聚焦；擠，涌
a crowd of/crowds of一群/成群的
crowd into大批涌入……
enjoy the company of a crowd
享受一群人的陪伴
crowded adj.擁擠的
the same as 和……一樣
as/as ...as 和……一樣
such as 諸如；像，例如
walk the “path of life”走好“人生之路”
【參考譯文】
論友誼
　　走在人生的道路上，有時我們可能希望獨自思考，因為靜思可以實現(xiàn)自我的完善。然而，當(dāng)我們試圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。社交生活對我們同樣重要。通常，親密的友情幫助我們踏平時而坎坷卻又注定要經(jīng)過的道路。
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益處。總體而言，親密友誼的“碩果”有三：撫慰心靈，啟迪思維，幫我們實現(xiàn)既定目標(biāo)。通過友誼，我們可以變成更幸福、更睿智、更滿足的人。
　　友誼的第一個碩果來自和友人分享我們的喜悲成敗所帶來的平和心境。在這里，友誼有雙重優(yōu)勢——幸福有更大的意義，分擔(dān)的煩惱減半！當(dāng)然，這種開誠布公源于親密無間的友誼。與真正的朋友，我們可以毫無顧忌、毫無保留地分享我們的歡樂和悲傷。我們知道，好友既會尊重我們的情感，也會珍視這些親密的時光。實際上，人的內(nèi)心離不開這些機(jī)會來獲取慰藉和庇護(hù)。
　　友誼的第二個碩果是通過與善意和明智的朋友交談可以獲得更好的理解力和判斷力。我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。因此，如果我們純粹被自己的感情所支配，我們的判斷就可能是片面的。另一方面，在我們必須做出的重大決定上，朋友往往能給出更好的建議。此外，想和朋友聊聊自己的問題時，我們首先得把自己的想法付諸語言。單是這點，就能讓我們更好地厘清思路，并對自身的問題有更透徹的認(rèn)識。
友誼的第三個碩果是朋友以各種不同的方式可以為我們提供的幫助。有時，朋友甚至被譽(yù)為我們的“第二個自己”。生活中有太多事，只有在朋友的幫助下才能成功。朋友也許擁有諸多不同的想法和技能。他們能幫助我們在生前，甚至是在我們故去之后，獲得我們想要之物。
最后，應(yīng)該指出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，不是一回事。選擇朋友須謹(jǐn)慎，經(jīng)營友情須用心。如此，我們才能在摯友的撫慰、建議和幫助下，更好地走好“人生之路”。
（改寫自英國偉大的作家、科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家弗朗西斯·培根的隨筆《論友誼》）
第一步：析架構(gòu)，理文本脈絡(luò)
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精讀文，達(dá)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why may we sometimes wish to be alone while walking the “path of life”？
A.Because we want to escape into our own world.
B.Because social life is also important to us.
C.Because quiet thinking can lead to individual progress.
D.Because we are all meant to travel rocky road.
2.What benefits can we get from our friends？
A.Comfort and protection.
B.Some good advice.
C.Understanding and judgement.
D.All of the above.
3.Where does the first “fruit” of friendship come from？
A.One who has joy， sadness， success and failure.
B.A friend respecting our feelings.
C.A person who is free from failure.
D.An individual with whom we can share our joy， sadness， success and failure.
4.The words “This alone” in Paragraph 4 mean “　　　　”.
A.finding weakness of our own first
B.putting our thoughts into words before we talking
C.offering advice on important decisions to others
D.achieving what we want to achieve
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A.A carefully chosen friend will bring us advantages.
B.People can succeed as soon as he has friends.
C.Individuals can choose friends carelessly.
D.We ought to enjoy the company of a crowd.
6.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？
CP：Central Point　　　　P：Point
Sp：Sub-point （次要點） C：Conclusion
第三步：通詞句，學(xué)語言表達(dá)
1.詞匯學(xué)習(xí)——循規(guī)律，記單詞
（1）形容詞的比較等級：單音節(jié)和雙音節(jié)形容詞一般加后綴-er 構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞一般在其前加more構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級，請從課文中找出來。
①adj.＋-er：　　　　　　
②more＋adj.：　　　　　　
（2）抽象名詞具體化
①failure：失敗→失敗的人或事
②success：成功→成功的人或事
③delight：高興→令人高興的事
④pleasure：樂趣→令人高興的事
⑤attraction：吸引→有吸引力的人或事物
⑥beauty：美；美麗→美麗的人或事物
⑦danger：危險→危險的人或因素
⑧shock：震驚→令人震驚的事情
2.美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
精彩銜接：文中第四段使用了短語on the other hand“另一方面”，使文章表達(dá)更有條理、有序、舒暢自然。此短語常與on the one hand“一方面”連用，用來表述事物的不同方面。on the other hand單獨出現(xiàn)時，上下文中常有as a result、 therefore、 also等詞，讓上下文渾然一體。
（1）請朗讀欣賞課文精彩語段，學(xué)習(xí)其用法，并翻譯成漢語。
原句：We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.As a result，if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided.On the other hand，our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make.Also，when we want to talk our problems over with a friend， we have to put our thoughts into words first.
翻譯：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞，完成下面語段。
My suggestions are as follows.　　　　　　　　　　， it is a good idea to read loudly.　　　　　　　　， watching more English movies is also very useful.
第四步：析難句，清閱讀障礙
1.We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓視野，育思維品質(zhì)
1.Why do we have to put our thoughts into words？ （Critical Thinking 批判性思維）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.How should friends be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed？ （Creative Thinking 創(chuàng)造性思維）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映
【教材原句】　As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts， for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.
走在人生的道路上，有時我們可能希望獨自思考，因為靜思可以實現(xiàn)自我的完善。
【用法】
（1）on reflection　　　仔細(xì)想來，經(jīng)過慎重考慮
without reflection 不假思索地
（2）reflect vi. 思考
vt. 反映；顯示；反射
reflect ...in ... 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon 認(rèn)真思考/反省
【佳句】　Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.
穿著常常反映出一個人的個性。
【助記】　reflection一詞多義
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Usually a child’s behaviour is a 　　　　　（reflect） of his family relationship and growth environment.
②“I reflect 　　　　　　how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said.
【寫美】　句式升級
③There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（分詞作定語）
④The man was lying on the grass and reflected on what happened that day.
→The man was lying on the grass， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（分詞作狀語）
escape vi.& vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘 n.逃離，逃脫
【教材原句】　However， when we seek to be alone， we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
然而，當(dāng)我們試圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。
【用法】
（1）escape （doing） sth 逃避（做）某事
escape from 從……逃脫；逃避
escape one’s attention/notice
逃過某人的注意
（2）fire escape　　　 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口
have a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生
【佳句】　I’ve met him before， but his name escapes me.
我以前見過他，但想不起他的名字了。
【用準(zhǔn)】　escape意為“被……遺忘；沒有被……注意到”時，用sth escape sb結(jié)構(gòu)，而不用sb escape sth結(jié)構(gòu)。
【練透】　單句語法填空/語境辨義
①Fortunately，he escaped 　　　　　　the burning house without being injured.
②It is said that he narrowly escaped 　　　　　　　　（kill） in the traffic accident the other day.
③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment. 　　　　　　　
【寫美】　完成句子
④Last year I 　　　　　　　　　　　， and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.
去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險了。
benefit n.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
【教材原句】　As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益處。
【用法】
（1）benefit from/by ...從……中受益；得益于……
（2）for the benefit of 為了……的利益
to sb’s benefit＝to the benefit of sb 對某人有益
（3）beneficial adj. 有利的，有裨益的，有用的
be （very） beneficial to ...＝be of （great/much） benefit to ...
對……（很）有益；（很）有益于（to為介詞）
【佳句】　This New English-Chinese Dictionary will be of benefit to your English learning.
這本《新英漢詞典》將會對你的英語學(xué)習(xí)有好處。
【練透】　完成句子
①The money will be used 　　　　　　　　the poor.
這些錢將用于幫助窮人。
②It is said that the company has 　　　　　　　　　the new policy.
據(jù)說這家公司從這個新政策中獲益許多。
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③It is said that yoga is very beneficial to human health.
→It is said that yoga is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
failure n.失敗；失敗的人（或事）；未履行；故障
【教材原句】　The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy， sadness， success and failure.友誼的第一個碩果來自和友人分享我們的喜悲成敗所帶來的平和心境。
【用法】
（1）a failure　　 一個失敗的人；一件失敗的事
（2）fail v. 失敗；不及格
fail to do sth 沒做成某事
fail （in） sth 失敗，沒有通過
【佳句】　He was a failure as an actor， but he was a great success as a father.
作為演員他是個失敗者，但作為父親他非常成功。
【用準(zhǔn)】　抽象名詞一般是不可數(shù)的。但個別抽象名詞用來表示可數(shù)的人或物，被稱作抽象名詞具體化，此時詞義將發(fā)生變化。failure 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗者，失敗的事”；作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗”。類似的詞還有success、 surprise、 honour、 difficulty等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①After many 　　　　　　（fail）， he finally set up his own company.
②To my regret， I failed 　　　　　　my attempt to persuade her into giving up the idea of going on a trip by herself.
【寫美】　完成句子
③He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　through carelessness.
由于粗心，他考試不及格。
④As a proverb goes，“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.” Work hard， and you will make progress.
正如一句諺語說的那樣，“失敗是成功之母。”努力，你就會取得進(jìn)步。
recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
【教材原句】　We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。
【用法】
（1）recognize one’s voice　辨別出某人的聲音
recognize sb/sth by/from ... 根據(jù)……認(rèn)出某人/某物
be recognized to be/as ... 被認(rèn)為是……
It is recognized that ... 人們公認(rèn)……
（2）recognition n. 承認(rèn)；認(rèn)出
beyond recognition 認(rèn)不出來
【佳句】　We hadn’t met for 20 years， but I recognized her the instant I saw her.
我們20年沒見面了，可我一見到她就認(rèn)出了她。
【練透】　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The film is recognized 　　　　　　a great success.
②The moment I answered the phone， 　　　　　　　　　　.
我一接電話，就聽出了他的聲音。
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③It is recognized that traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens.
→Traffic jam 　　　　　　　　　　　　　one serious problem to citizens.
company n.陪伴，作伴；公司
【教材原句】　Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.最后，應(yīng)該指出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，不是一回事。
【用法】
（1）keep sb company （to sp）
　　 　　　　　　陪伴某人（去某地）
for company 作伴，陪伴
in company with ... 與……一起；與……同時
（2）run/join a company 經(jīng)營/加入一個公司
set up/start a company 開辦公司
（3）accompany vt. 伴隨，陪同；為……伴奏
accompany sb to sp 陪伴某人去某地
be accompanied by ... 伴隨……；由……陪同
【佳句】　Even when walking in the company of two other men， I am bound to learn from them.
三人行，必有我?guī)熝伞?br/>【用準(zhǔn)】　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表達(dá)成accompany sb to do sth， 而應(yīng)表達(dá)成do sth in the company of sb。
【練透】　完成句子
①When she was single， her mother would 　　　　　　　　　　.
當(dāng)她單身時，她的媽媽常常陪伴著她。
②Jane is willing to 　　　　　　　　　　　the park for a walk.
簡愿意陪你去公園散步。
③　　　　　　　　　　， we began to dance.
伴隨著歡樂的樂曲，我們開始跳起舞來。
【寫美】　一句多譯
④我生病時，我的朋友來陪我去醫(yī)院。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（accompany）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（company）
crowd n.一伙人，一幫人；人群 vt.擠滿，使擁擠 vi.聚集；擠，涌
【用法】
（1）crowd in （on sb）/into sth
（想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入腦海
crowd into ...　　　　大批涌入……
crowd into one’s mind 涌上某人的心頭
（2）the crowd 人群，觀眾，群眾
a crowd of/crowds of 一群/成群的
follow the crowd＝go with the crowd 隨大流
（3）crowded adj.　　　擁擠的
be crowded with ... 擠滿……，滿是……
【佳句】　The crowd was cheering him on all through the race.
整個比賽過程中觀眾都在為他加油。
【用準(zhǔn)】　the crowd為集體名詞，作主語表示一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；表示組成集體的成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Once I stop， it all comes crowding 　　　　and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
②The electric car show 　　　　　　（crowd） with people， which showed the popularity of the electric cars.
③We all crowded 　　　　　　her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④當(dāng)救護(hù)車趕到時，圍觀的人已經(jīng)很多了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
⑤通常，公交車上太擁擠了，以至于我找不到坐的地方。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句
【教材原句】　As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益處。
【用法】
（1）本句中As we live in social groups為as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句， as在此表示“因為，由于”。
（2）as作從屬連詞的其他用法總結(jié)：
①引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時候；隨著……；一邊……一邊……”；
②引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“按照，如，像”；
③引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然”，從句使用部分倒裝，即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞等放于as前面；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時應(yīng)省掉冠詞；
④引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，表示“像……一樣地”。
【品悟】　You’d better do as the teacher has told you.你最好按照老師告訴你的做。
As the teacher was satisfied with what we had done， she began to smile.
因為老師對我們所做的感到滿意，所以她露出了會心的笑容。
【寫美】　句式升級/完成句子
①Although they were tired， they stayed up preparing the report.
→　　　　　　　　　， they stayed up preparing the report. （as）
②With time going by， we saw less and less of each other.
→　　　　　　　　　， we saw less and less of each other. （as）
③　　　　　　　　　　， we slept deeply because we were so tired.
盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是睡得很沉，因為我們太累了。
④　　　　　　　， he was shaking his head， which surely slowed down his reading speed.
他邊讀邊搖頭，這當(dāng)然降低了他的閱讀速度。
句型公式：主語＋及物動詞＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)語＋真正的賓語
【教材原句】　We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。
【用法】
（1）常用于以上句式結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有make、 feel、 think、 find、 consider等。
（2）賓語補(bǔ)語可以是形容詞、名詞；真正的賓語可以是動詞不定式短語、動詞-ing短語或從句。
【品悟】　Foreigners find it difficult to learn Chinese.外國人覺得漢語很難學(xué)。
We should all make it clear that success comes from diligence.
我們都應(yīng)該明白成功源于勤奮。
【寫美】　完成句子
①The boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　his hobbies and his schoolwork.
這個男孩發(fā)現(xiàn)很難平衡他的愛好和他的功課。
②Scientists have 　　　　　　　　　　human beings to travel in space.
科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)使人類漫游太空成為可能。
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　you should apologize to her at once.
我認(rèn)為你必須立刻向她道歉。
Part Ⅲ　中頻詞匯特訓(xùn)
seek vi.試圖；尋找；爭取 vt.尋求；尋找
【教材原句】　However， when we seek to be alone， we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
然而，當(dāng)我們試圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。
【用法】
seek （for） sth/sb from ... 從……尋找某物/某人
seek for/after　　　　　追求；追尋
seek to do sth 試圖做某事
seek one’s fortune 找出路；碰運(yùn)氣
【佳句】　The penniless man had no choice but to go abroad to seek his fortune.
這個身無分文的人別無選擇只能出國尋找發(fā)財?shù)臋C(jī)會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you have any questions， you can seek help 　　　　　　your teammates.
②The shopkeeper is trying to seek 　　　　　　　　a better way to win his customers back， perhaps with a discount.
③Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek 　　　　　　（find） the answer to that question.
take on呈現(xiàn)，具有；承擔(dān)；雇用
【教材原句】　Here， friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved！
在這里，友誼有雙重優(yōu)勢——幸福有更大的意義，分擔(dān)的煩惱減半！
【用法】
take in　　　　　收留；吸收；理解；欺騙
take off 脫下；起飛；取消
take back 收回；退回
take away 帶走；拿走
take up 拿起；開始從事
take out 取出；去除
【練透】　語境辨義
①Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day. 　　　　　　　
②He is willing to take on the responsibility for what he did. 　　　　　　　
③The farms take on more workers during the harvest. 　　　　　　　
admire vt.欽佩；欣賞
【教材原句】　They admired each other and quickly became friends.他們互相欽佩，并且很快成了朋友。
【用法】
（1）admire sb for （doing） sth
　　　　　　　　贊賞/欽佩某人（做）某事
admire the moon 賞月
（2）admiration n. 欽佩；贊美；羨慕
admirable adj. 令人欽佩的
【佳句】　Last Sunday our school organised a visit to the Great Wall， with the aim of helping the foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China.上周日，我們學(xué)校組織了一次參觀長城的活動，目的是幫助在我們學(xué)校的外國學(xué)生欣賞中國的美麗風(fēng)景。
【練通】　單句語法填空/完成句子
①We admire Tu Youyou 　　　　　　　her great contributions to the field of medicine.
②In the evening， people gather together， enjoying delicious mooncakes 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
晚上，人們聚集在一起，品嘗美味的月餅，欣賞懸掛在天空中美麗的月亮。
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project &
Assessment
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.smooth out　2.comfort the heart　3.achieve　4.the peace
5.the better understanding　6.the help　7.being with friends
第二步
1－6　CDDBAA
第三步
1.（1）①happier； wiser； easier； clearer　②more satisfied； more thorough
2.（1）我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。因此，如果我們純粹被自己的感情所支配，我們的判斷可能是片面的。另一方面，在我們必須做出的重大決定上，朋友往往能給出更好的建議。此外，想和朋友聊聊自己的問題時，我們首先得把自己的想法付諸語言。
（2）On the one hand； On the other hand
第四步
1.我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。
2.最后，應(yīng)該指出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，不是一回事。
第五步
1.It can help us make our thoughts clearer and bring us a more thorough understanding of our problems.
2.Standards may vary.But true friends should be honest and sincere.And being considerate is an important way to maintain the relationships.
【核心知識·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①reflection　②on/upon　③reflected in the picture
④reflecting on what happened that day
2.①from　②being killed　③vt.被遺忘　④had a narrow escape
3.①for the benefit of　②benefited a lot from　③of great benefit to human health
4.①failures　②in　③failed to pass the examination
④Failure is the mother of success
5.①to be/as　②I recognized his voice　③is recognized to have become
6.①keep her company　②accompany you to　③Accompanied by cheerful music　④My friend came to accompany me to hospital while I was ill.　My friend came to keep me company to hospital while I was ill.
7.①in　②was crowded　③into　④By the time the ambulance arrived， a crowd of/crowds of onlookers had gathered.　⑤Usually， it’s so crowded on the bus that I can’t find anywhere to sit.
Part Ⅱ
1.①Tired as they were　②As time went by　③Hot as the night air was　④As he was reading
2.①found it difficult to balance　②made it possible for
③think it necessary that
Part Ⅲ
1.①from　②for/after　③to find
2.①呈現(xiàn)　②承擔(dān)　③雇用
3.①for　②while admiring the beautiful moon hanging in the sky
14 / 14(共139張PPT)
Section Ⅳ　
Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預(yù)習(xí)
1
Of Friendship
　　[1]As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be
alone with our own thoughts， for quiet periods of reflection① can lead to
personal improvement. However， when we seek② to be alone， we must
be careful that we do not always escape③ into our own world.Social life is
also important to us.[2]More often than not④， close friendships will
help smooth out⑤ the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to⑥
travel.
　　[1]句中有兩個狀語從句：主句前As引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句后
for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
　　[2]副詞短語More often than not在句中作狀語；that引導(dǎo)定語從
句，修飾先行詞road，that在從句中作travel的賓語。
【讀文清障】
①reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映
quiet periods of reflection靜思
reflect v.反思；反映；反射
②seek vi.試圖；尋找；爭取 vt.尋求；尋找
seek to do sth 試圖做某事
③escape vi.& vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘 n.逃離，
逃脫
escape into 逃進(jìn)，躲進(jìn)
escape from 逃離
④more often than not 通常，往往，一貫
⑤smooth out 消除（問題），克服（困難）
⑥be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，應(yīng)做某事
　　[3]As we live in social groups， there are many benefits⑦ of
friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking， close friendships have
three “fruits”： they may comfort⑧ the heart， advise the head and help
us achieve the goals⑨ we set for ourselves.Through friendship， we can
become happier， wiser and more satisfied humans.
　　[4]The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing
with friends our joy， sadness， success and failure⑩. Here， friendship
has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a
trouble shared becomes a trouble halved！ Naturally， this kind of
openness results from a close friendship.With true friends， we feel free
to share our joy and sadness in full measure .We know that our friends
will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of
closeness.Indeed， the human heart depends on such opportunities for
comfort and protection.
　　[3]句中As引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞
benefits of friendship。
　　[4]主句是“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the
peace，并且在從句中作主語。
⑦benefit n.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
benefit from 從……中獲益
⑧comfort vt.寬慰，撫慰 n.舒服；安慰
comfort the heart 撫慰心靈
⑨achieve the goals 實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)
set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo)
⑩failure n.失敗；失敗的人（或事）；未履行；故障
have a double advantage 有雙重優(yōu)勢
result from 由……引起
result in 導(dǎo)致
in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
to one’s measure 照著某人的尺寸
　　The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and
judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning
and wise friends.[5]We often find it easier to recognize other
people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result， if we are guided only
by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided .On the other
hand， our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions
that we all have to make.Also， when we want to talk our problems over
with a friend， we have to put our thoughts into words first.This alone
helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough
understanding of our problems.
　　The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many
different ways.Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second
self ”.There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the
help of friends.Friends may have many different ideas and
skills.[6]They can help us achieve what we want during life and，
perhaps， even after death .
　　[5]本句結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋find＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)語＋to do ...”， it是
形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式短語。
　　[6]本句結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語（They）＋謂語（can help）＋賓語（us）
＋賓語補(bǔ)語（achieve what ...）”， what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
well-meaning adj.出于好心的，善意的
well-meaning and wise friends 善意而明智的朋友
recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
one-sided adj.片面的
put one’s thoughts into words
用語言表達(dá)自己的思想
thorough adj.徹底的，全面的；仔細(xì)的
a more thorough understanding of 比較透徹理解……
with the help of 借助于……
death n.死，死亡；死亡狀態(tài)
die vi.死
　　[7]Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of
a crowd is not the same as being with friends.[8]Friends should be
carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way， we
can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort， advice and help
from our trusted friends.
　　[7] it作形式主語， that引導(dǎo)的主語從句作真正的主語。在從句
中，動詞-ing短語enjoying the company of a crowd作主語。
　　[8]本句為并列句的省略現(xiàn)象，and連接的兩個分句結(jié)構(gòu)相同，
謂語部分都有should be， 那么可以省略第二個分句中relationships之
后的should be。
point out 指出
company n.陪伴，作伴；公司
enjoy the company of 享受……陪伴
crowd n.一伙人，一幫人；人群
vt.擠滿，使擁擠 vi.聚焦；擠，涌
a crowd of/crowds of一群/成群的
crowd into大批涌入……
enjoy the company of a crowd享受一群人的陪伴
crowded adj.擁擠的
the same as 和……一樣
as/as ...as 和……一樣
such as 諸如；像，例如
walk the “path of life”走好“人生之路”
　　（Adapted from “Of Friendship”， an essay written by Francis
Bacon， a great English writer， scientist and philosopher）
【參考譯文】
論友誼
　　走在人生的道路上，有時我們可能希望獨自思考，因為靜思可以
實現(xiàn)自我的完善。然而，當(dāng)我們試圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不
要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。社交生活對我們同樣重要。通常，親
密的友情幫助我們踏平時而坎坷卻又注定要經(jīng)過的道路。
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益
處。總體而言，親密友誼的“碩果”有三：撫慰心靈，啟迪思
維，幫我們實現(xiàn)既定目標(biāo)。通過友誼，我們可以變成更幸福、更
睿智、更滿足的人。
　　友誼的第一個碩果來自和友人分享我們的喜悲成敗所帶來的平和
心境。在這里，友誼有雙重優(yōu)勢——幸福有更大的意義，分擔(dān)的煩惱
減半！當(dāng)然，這種開誠布公源于親密無間的友誼。與真正的朋友，我
們可以毫無顧忌、毫無保留地分享我們的歡樂和悲傷。我們知道，好
友既會尊重我們的情感，也會珍視這些親密的時光。實際上，人的內(nèi)
心離不開這些機(jī)會來獲取慰藉和庇護(hù)。
　　友誼的第二個碩果是通過與善意和明智的朋友交談可以獲得更好
的理解力和判斷力。我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自
身的缺點要容易。因此，如果我們純粹被自己的感情所支配，我們的
判斷就可能是片面的。另一方面，在我們必須做出的重大決定上，朋
友往往能給出更好的建議。此外，想和朋友聊聊自己的問題時，我們
首先得把自己的想法付諸語言。單是這點，就能讓我們更好地厘清思
路，并對自身的問題有更透徹的認(rèn)識。
友誼的第三個碩果是朋友以各種不同的方式可以為我們提供的幫
助。有時，朋友甚至被譽(yù)為我們的“第二個自己”。生活中有太多
事，只有在朋友的幫助下才能成功。朋友也許擁有諸多不同的想法和
技能。他們能幫助我們在生前，甚至是在我們故去之后，獲得我們想
要之物。
最后，應(yīng)該指出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，不是一回
事。選擇朋友須謹(jǐn)慎，經(jīng)營友情須用心。如此，我們才能在摯友的撫
慰、建議和幫助下，更好地走好“人生之路”。
（改寫自英國偉大的作家、科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家弗朗西斯·培根的隨筆
《論友誼》）
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構(gòu)，理文本脈絡(luò)
Read the passage quickly
and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精讀文，達(dá)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. Why may we sometimes wish to be alone while walking the “path of
life”？
A. Because we want to escape into our own world.
B. Because social life is also important to us.
C. Because quiet thinking can lead to individual progress.
D. Because we are all meant to travel rocky road.
2. What benefits can we get from our friends？
A. Comfort and protection.
B. Some good advice.
C. Understanding and judgement.
D. All of the above.
3. Where does the first “fruit” of friendship come from？
A. One who has joy， sadness， success and failure.
B. A friend respecting our feelings.
C. A person who is free from failure.
D. An individual with whom we can share our joy， sadness， success
and failure.
4. The words “This alone” in Paragraph 4 mean “ 　　　　”.
A. finding weakness of our own first
B. putting our thoughts into words before we talking
C. offering advice on important decisions to others
D. achieving what we want to achieve
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A. A carefully chosen friend will bring us advantages.
B. People can succeed as soon as he has friends.
C. Individuals can choose friends carelessly.
D. We ought to enjoy the company of a crowd.
6. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？
CP：Central Point　　　　　　P：Point
Sp：Sub-point （次要點）　　C：Conclusion
第三步：通詞句，學(xué)語言表達(dá)
1. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)——循規(guī)律，記單詞
（1）形容詞的比較等級：單音節(jié)和雙音節(jié)形容詞一般加后綴-er 構(gòu)
成形容詞的比較級，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞一般在其前
加more構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級，請從課文中找出來。
①adj.＋-er：
②more＋adj.：
happier； wiser； easier； clearer　
more satisfied； more thorough　
（2）抽象名詞具體化
①failure：失敗→失敗的人或事
②success：成功→成功的人或事
③delight：高興→令人高興的事
④pleasure：樂趣→令人高興的事
⑤attraction：吸引→有吸引力的人或事物
⑥beauty：美；美麗→美麗的人或事物
⑦danger：危險→危險的人或因素
⑧shock：震驚→令人震驚的事情
2. 美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
精彩銜接：文中第四段使用了短語on the other hand“另一方面”，
使文章表達(dá)更有條理、有序、舒暢自然。此短語常與on the one
hand“一方面”連用，用來表述事物的不同方面。on the other hand
單獨出現(xiàn)時，上下文中常有as a result、 therefore、 also等詞，讓上
下文渾然一體。
（1）請朗讀欣賞課文精彩語段，學(xué)習(xí)其用法，并翻譯成漢語。
原句：We often find it easier to recognize other people’s
weaknesses than our own.As a result，if we are guided only by
our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided.On the
other hand，our friends are better able to offer advice on
important decisions that we all have to make.Also，when we
want to talk our problems over with a friend， we have to put our
thoughts into words first.
翻譯：




（2）運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞，完成下面語段。
My suggestions are as follows. ， it is a
good idea to read loudly. ， watching
more English movies is also very useful.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身
的缺點要容易。因此，如果我們純粹被自己的感情所支配，
我們的判斷可能是片面的。另一方面，在我們必須做出的重
大決定上，朋友往往能給出更好的建議。此外，想和朋友聊
聊自己的問題時，我們首先得把自己的想法付諸語言。　
On the one hand　
On the other hand　
第四步：析難句，清閱讀障礙
1. We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than
our own.
句式分析
自主翻譯

我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的
缺點要容易。　
2. Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd
is not the same as being with friends.
句式分析
自主翻譯

最后，應(yīng)該指出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，
不是一回事。　
第五步：拓視野，育思維品質(zhì)
1. Why do we have to put our thoughts into words？ （Critical Thinking
批判性思維）


　It can help us make our thoughts clearer and bring us a more
thorough understanding of our problems.　
2. How should friends be carefully chosen and relationships carefully
developed？ （Creative Thinking 創(chuàng)造性思維）



　Standards may vary.But true friends should be honest and
sincere.And being considerate is an important way to maintain the
relationships.　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映
【教材原句】　As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes
wish to be alone with our own thoughts， for quiet periods of reflection
can lead to personal improvement.
走在人生的道路上，有時我們可能希望獨自思考，因為靜思可以實現(xiàn)
自我的完善。
（1）on reflection　　　仔細(xì)想來，經(jīng)過慎重考慮
without reflection　　不假思索地
（2）reflect vi.　　思考
vt.　　反映；顯示；反射
reflect ...in ...　　在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in　　倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon　　認(rèn)真思考/反省
【用法】
【佳句】　Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.穿著常
常反映出一個人的個性。
【助記】　reflection一詞多義
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Usually a child’s behaviour is a （reflect） of his
family relationship and growth environment.
reflection　
②“I reflect how my day’s gone and think about the rest of
the week，” he said.
on/upon　
【寫美】　句式升級
③There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is
reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon
.（分詞作定語）
④The man was lying on the grass and reflected on what happened that
day.
→The man was lying on the grass，
.（分詞作狀語）
reflected in
the picture　
reflecting on what happened that
day　
escape vi.& vt.逃脫，躲避；逃跑；避開，避免；被遺忘 n.逃離，
逃脫
【教材原句】　However， when we seek to be alone， we must be
careful that we do not always escape into our own world.然而，當(dāng)我們試
圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。
（1）escape （doing） sth 逃避（做）某事
escape from　　從……逃脫；逃避
escape one’s attention/notice　　逃過某人的注意
（2）fire escape　　　　太平梯；安全梯；安全出口
have a narrow escape　　九死一生；死里逃生
【用法】
【佳句】　I’ve met him before， but his name escapes me.
我以前見過他，但想不起他的名字了。
【用準(zhǔn)】　escape意為“被……遺忘；沒有被……注意到”時，用sth
escape sb結(jié)構(gòu)，而不用sb escape sth結(jié)構(gòu)。
【練透】　單句語法填空/語境辨義
①Fortunately，he escaped the burning house without being
injured.
②It is said that he narrowly escaped （kill） in the
traffic accident the other day.
from　
being killed　
③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him
for the moment.　
【寫美】　完成句子
④Last year I ， and I don’t want to risk my life
a second time.
去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險了。
vt.被遺忘　
had a narrow escape　
benefit n.優(yōu)勢，益處，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
【教材原句】　As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of
friendship that we can enjoy.
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益處。
（1）benefit from/by ... 從……中受益；得益于……
（2）for the benefit of　　為了……的利益
to sb’s benefit＝to the benefit of sb　　對某人有益
（3）beneficial adj.　　有利的，有裨益的，有用的
be （very） beneficial to ...＝be of （great/much） benefit to ...
　對……（很）有益；（很）有益于（to為介詞）
【用法】
【佳句】　This New English-Chinese Dictionary will be of benefit to
your English learning.
這本《新英漢詞典》將會對你的英語學(xué)習(xí)有好處。
【練透】　完成句子
①The money will be used the poor.
這些錢將用于幫助窮人。
②It is said that the company has the new policy.
據(jù)說這家公司從這個新政策中獲益許多。
for the benefit of　
benefited a lot from
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③It is said that yoga is very beneficial to human health.
→It is said that yoga is .
of great benefit to human health　
failure n.失敗；失敗的人（或事）；未履行；故障
【教材原句】　The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from
sharing with friends our joy， sadness， success and failure.友誼的第一
個碩果來自和友人分享我們的喜悲成敗所帶來的平和心境。
【用法】
（1）a failure　　　一個失敗的人；一件失敗的事
（2）fail v.　　失敗；不及格
fail to do sth　　沒做成某事
fail （in） sth　　失敗，沒有通過
【佳句】　He was a failure as an actor， but he was a great success as a
father.
作為演員他是個失敗者，但作為父親他非常成功。
【用準(zhǔn)】　抽象名詞一般是不可數(shù)的。但個別抽象名詞用來表示可數(shù)
的人或物，被稱作抽象名詞具體化，此時詞義將發(fā)生變化。failure 作
可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗者，失敗的事”；作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“失
敗”。類似的詞還有success、 surprise、 honour、 difficulty等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①After many （fail）， he finally set up his own company.
②To my regret， I failed my attempt to persuade her into giving
up the idea of going on a trip by herself.
failures　
in　
【寫美】　完成句子
③He through carelessness.
由于粗心，他考試不及格。
④As a proverb goes，“ .” Work
hard， and you will make progress.
正如一句諺語說的那樣，“失敗是成功之母。”努力，你就會取
得進(jìn)步。
failed to pass the examination　
Failure is the mother of success　
recognize vt.承認(rèn)，意識到；認(rèn)出，辨別出
【教材原句】　We often find it easier to recognize other people’s
weaknesses than our own.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。
（1）recognize one’s voice　　辨別出某人的聲音
recognize sb/sth by/from ...　根據(jù)……認(rèn)出某人/某物
be recognized to be/as ...　　被認(rèn)為是……
It is recognized that ... 　　人們公認(rèn)……
（2）recognition n.　　承認(rèn)；認(rèn)出
beyond recognition　　認(rèn)不出來
【用法】
【佳句】　We hadn’t met for 20 years， but I recognized her the
instant I saw her.
我們20年沒見面了，可我一見到她就認(rèn)出了她。
【練透】　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The film is recognized a great success.
②The moment I answered the phone， .
我一接電話，就聽出了他的聲音。
to be/as　
I recognized his voice　
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③It is recognized that traffic jam has become one serious problem to
citizens.
→Traffic jam one serious problem to
citizens.
is recognized to have become　
company n.陪伴，作伴；公司
【教材原句】　Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the
company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.最后，應(yīng)該指
出，與一群人在一起和與朋友在一起，不是一回事。
（1）keep sb company （to sp）　陪伴某人（去某地）
for company 　　作伴，陪伴
in company with ...　　與……一起；與……同時
（2）run/join a company　　經(jīng)營/加入一個公司
set up/start a company　　開辦公司
（3）accompany vt.　　伴隨，陪同；為……伴奏
accompany sb to sp　　陪伴某人去某地
be accompanied by ...　　伴隨……；由……陪同
【用法】
【佳句】　Even when walking in the company of two other men， I am
bound to learn from them.
三人行，必有我?guī)熝伞?br/>【用準(zhǔn)】　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表達(dá)成accompany sb to do sth，
而應(yīng)表達(dá)成do sth in the company of sb。
【練透】　完成句子
①When she was single， her mother would .
當(dāng)她單身時，她的媽媽常常陪伴著她。
②Jane is willing to the park for a walk.
簡愿意陪你去公園散步。
③ ， we began to dance.
伴隨著歡樂的樂曲，我們開始跳起舞來。
keep her company　
accompany you to　
Accompanied by cheerful music　
【寫美】　一句多譯
④我生病時，我的朋友來陪我去醫(yī)院。
→
（accompany）
→
（company）
My friend came to accompany me to hospital while I was ill.　
My friend came to keep me company to hospital while I was ill.　
crowd n.一伙人，一幫人；人群 vt.擠滿，使擁擠 vi.聚集；擠，涌
【用法】
（1）crowd in （on sb）/into sth　（想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入
腦海
crowd into ...　　　　大批涌入……
crowd into one’s mind　　涌上某人的心頭
（2）the crowd　　人群，觀眾，群眾
a crowd of/crowds of　　一群/成群的
follow the crowd＝go with the crowd　　隨大流
（3）crowded adj.　　擁擠的
be crowded with ...　　擠滿……，滿是……
【佳句】　The crowd was cheering him on all through the race.整個比
賽過程中觀眾都在為他加油。
【用準(zhǔn)】　the crowd為集體名詞，作主語表示一個整體時，謂語動詞
用單數(shù)形式；表示組成集體的成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Once I stop， it all comes crowding and I remember the chimps
in laboratories.
②The electric car show （crowd） with people，
which showed the popularity of the electric cars.
③We all crowded her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
in　
was crowded　
into　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④當(dāng)救護(hù)車趕到時，圍觀的人已經(jīng)很多了。


⑤通常，公交車上太擁擠了，以至于我找不到坐的地方。


　By the time the ambulance arrived， a crowd of/crowds of onlookers
had gathered.　
　Usually， it’s so crowded on the bus that I can’t find anywhere to
sit.　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句
【教材原句】　As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of
friendship that we can enjoy.
因為我們置身于社會群體中，我們可以享受到友誼的諸多益處。
（1）本句中As we live in social groups為as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句， as
在此表示“因為，由于”。
（2）as作從屬連詞的其他用法總結(jié)：
①引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時候；隨著……；一邊……一
邊……”；
②引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“按照，如，像”；
③引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然”，從句使用部分倒裝，
即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動詞等放于as前面；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前
時應(yīng)省掉冠詞；
④引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，表示“像……一樣地”。
【用法】
【品悟】　You’d better do as the teacher has told you.
你最好按照老師告訴你的做。
As the teacher was satisfied with what we had done， she began to
smile.因為老師對我們所做的感到滿意，所以她露出了會心的笑容。
【寫美】　句式升級/完成句子
①Although they were tired， they stayed up preparing the report.
→ ， they stayed up preparing the report. （as）
②With time going by， we saw less and less of each other.
→ ， we saw less and less of each other. （as）
③ ， we slept deeply because we were so
tired.
盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是睡得很沉，因為我們太累了。
Tired as they were　
As time went by　
Hot as the night air was　
④ ， he was shaking his head， which surely
slowed down his reading speed.
他邊讀邊搖頭，這當(dāng)然降低了他的閱讀速度。
As he was reading　
句型公式：主語＋及物動詞＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)語＋真正的賓語
【教材原句】　We often find it easier to recognize other people’s
weaknesses than our own.
我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清別人的缺點遠(yuǎn)比認(rèn)清我們自身的缺點要容易。
【用法】
（1）常用于以上句式結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有make、 feel、 think、 find、
consider等。
（2）賓語補(bǔ)語可以是形容詞、名詞；真正的賓語可以是動詞不定式
短語、動詞-ing短語或從句。
【品悟】　Foreigners find it difficult to learn Chinese.
外國人覺得漢語很難學(xué)。
We should all make it clear that success comes from diligence.
我們都應(yīng)該明白成功源于勤奮。
【寫美】　完成句子
①The boy his hobbies and his
schoolwork.
這個男孩發(fā)現(xiàn)很難平衡他的愛好和他的功課。
②Scientists have human beings to travel in
space.
科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)使人類漫游太空成為可能。
③I you should apologize to her at once.
我認(rèn)為你必須立刻向她道歉。
found it difficult to balance　
made it possible for　
think it necessary that　
Part Ⅲ　中頻詞匯特訓(xùn)
seek vi.試圖；尋找；爭取 vt.尋求；尋找
【教材原句】　However， when we seek to be alone， we must be
careful that we do not always escape into our own world.然而，當(dāng)我們試
圖獨處的時候，我們必須小心，不要總是逃避到自己的世界里去。
seek （for） sth/sb from ... 從……尋找某物/某人
seek for/after　　　　　追求；追尋
seek to do sth　　試圖做某事
seek one’s fortune　　找出路；碰運(yùn)氣
【用法】
【佳句】　The penniless man had no choice but to go abroad to seek his
fortune.這個身無分文的人別無選擇只能出國尋找發(fā)財?shù)臋C(jī)會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you have any questions， you can seek help your
teammates.
②The shopkeeper is trying to seek a better way to win his
customers back， perhaps with a discount.
③Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek
（find） the answer to that question.
from　
for/after　
to find　
take on呈現(xiàn)，具有；承擔(dān)；雇用
【教材原句】　Here， friendship has a double advantage — happiness
takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble
halved！
在這里，友誼有雙重優(yōu)勢——幸福有更大的意義，分擔(dān)的煩惱減半！
take in　　　　　收留；吸收；理解；欺騙
take off　　脫下；起飛；取消
take back　　收回；退回
take away　　帶走；拿走
take up　　拿起；開始從事
take out　　取出；去除
【用法】
【練透】 語境辨義
①Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day.
②He is willing to take on the responsibility for what he did.　
③The farms take on more workers during the harvest.　
呈現(xiàn)　
承擔(dān)　
雇用　
admire vt.欽佩；欣賞
【教材原句】　They admired each other and quickly became friends.他
們互相欽佩，并且很快成了朋友。
【用法】
（1）admire sb for （doing） sth　贊賞/欽佩某人（做）某事
admire the moon　　賞月
（2）admiration n.　　欽佩；贊美；羨慕
admirable adj.　　令人欽佩的
【佳句】　Last Sunday our school organised a visit to the Great Wall，
with the aim of helping the foreign students in our school admire the
beautiful scenery in China.上周日，我們學(xué)校組織了一次參觀長城的活
動，目的是幫助在我們學(xué)校的外國學(xué)生欣賞中國的美麗風(fēng)景。
【練通】　單句語法填空/完成句子
①We admire Tu Youyou her great contributions to the field of
medicine.
②In the evening， people gather together， enjoying delicious
mooncakes .
晚上，人們聚集在一起，品嘗美味的月餅，欣賞懸掛在天空中美麗的
月亮。
for　
while admiring the beautiful moon hanging in the sky　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
4
維度一：品句填詞
根據(jù)所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1. The emergency broke out last night， causing more than ten d .
2. My parents often c me with some inspiring words.
3. He is a learned person and we all a him very much.
4. Sadly， all his efforts ended in f .
eaths　
omfort
dmire　
ailure　
5. The waiting room is c with passengers waiting for the bus to
come.
6. I’ve promised to keep him （陪伴） when his parents
are out.
7. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries
to （逃跑）.
8. We （尋找） an answer to the question， but couldn’t
find one.
rowded　
company　
escape　
sought　
9. To our surprise， there was an （尷尬的） silence after
his speech.
10. After the accident， the police carried out a （徹底
的） investigation.
awkward　
thorough　
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
用所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1. Usually a child’s behaviour is a （reflect） of his
family environment.
2. Lie down on your bed and make yourself
（comfort）.
3. The engineer has done something （admire） in this
field.
reflection　
comfortable　
admirable　
4. Even a great inventor makes many experiments that end in
（fail）.
5. The new regulations will be （benefit） to everyone
concerned.
6. The prize is a （recognize） for your selfless
contribution.
7. The storm is thought to be responsible for as many as four
（dead）.
8. Suddenly it got more （crowd） around us and I noticed
a man was following us.
failure　
beneficial　
recognition　
deaths　
crowded　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據(jù)漢語及括號內(nèi)提示完成下列句子。
1. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)和我弟弟玩挺有趣的。（it作形式賓語）
I to play with my younger brother.
2. 只有當(dāng)我們再次研究這些數(shù)據(jù)的時候，我們才意識到出了錯。（倒
裝句）
Only when we had studied the data again there
was a mistake.
find it interesting　
did we realize that　
3. 有些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，會呈現(xiàn)出周圍環(huán)境的顏色。（take on）
Some insects to protect
themselves.
4. 這幅圖片意在鼓勵人們讀更多的書。（be meant to do sth）
The picture more books.
5. 她和她媽媽一樣是位受學(xué)生尊敬的好老師。（as ...as ...）
She is her mother respected by students.
6. 它是一個擁有2000多年悠久歷史的城市。（that引導(dǎo)的定語從句）
It is a city .
take on the colour of their surroundings　
is meant to encourage people to read　
as good a teacher as　
that has a history of more than 2，000 years　
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內(nèi)容， 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確
形式。
　　When we walk the “path of life”， sometimes friendship can help
us 1. （smooth） out the rocky road that we 2.
（mean） to travel.Generally speaking， close friendships have
three main 3. （benefit）.The first is 4. they can
comfort the heart， because the peace comes from friends 5.
（to） smooth　
are
meant　
benefits　
that　
we share with our joy， sadness， success and failure.The
second is that they can advise 6. head because we may have better
understanding and judgement 7. （achieve） through
conversations with well-meaning friends.The third is that they can help us
achieve the goals 8. many different ways.Finally， if we want to
9. （well） walk the “path of life” with the comfort，
advice and help from our 10. （trust） friends， we should
choose friends and develop relationships carefully.
whom/that　
the　
achieved　
in　
better　
trusted　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In the second year of my high school， I went abroad to continue my
education.Shortly after I moved in with my host family， an Italian girl
moved in too.Since the house had limited space， we roomed
together.My negative outlook on roommates started from that
moment.My roommate liked to invite friends over and hold parties， but I
preferred staying in my room and enjoying myself.Then conflicts started
to appear.
After that experience， I told myself that I never wanted a roommate
again.Unfortunately， life quickly challenged me when I went to
college.It required all first-year students to live on campus， which meant
I had to live with someone I didn’t know.From that point on， I began
worrying.
I met my future roommate Yizhou for the very first time on 23
August. When I talked to her， I tried my best to smile and nod in order to
hide my nervousness.We attended the same class and afterwards she
invited me to have lunch.I completely freaked out.I told myself that I
should step out of my comfort zone and try to talk to my new roommate，
even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest.I
considered it for a long time， and finally， I accepted her invitation.
After we lived together for a few weeks， I got to know Yizhou
already owned a small business selling clothes， while I kept struggling to
set goals.One night， she asked me what I wanted to do for my career.I
looked into her eyes for a long time， and then said， “I don’t
know.” “Don’t worry！ We will work together and I’ll help you find
what you are passionate about，” she said in a gentle voice.Under her
influence， I found my interest and knew what I wanted to be after
graduation.And because of her， I felt having a roommate could be so
amazing.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者不喜歡和別人
一起住，后來上大學(xué)時按照學(xué)校要求作者不得不和別人一起住，作
者起初很緊張，后來在室友的幫助下作者認(rèn)為有個室友很棒。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者不喜歡和別人
一起住，后來上大學(xué)時按照學(xué)校要求作者不得不和別人一起住，作
者起初很緊張，后來在室友的幫助下作者認(rèn)為有個室友很棒。
1. Why did the author feel bad while living with her host family？
A. She hardly made new friends.
B. She disliked sharing a room with another person.
C. She was annoyed by her roommate’s lifestyle.
D. She had trouble communicating with foreigners.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，作者和寄宿家
庭住在一起時感覺不舒服是因為她對室友的生活方式感到惱怒。
2. What was the first challenge the author met in college？
A. Dealing with cultural differences.
B. Sharing a room with a stranger.
C. Making plans for her future career.
D. Communicating with her new classmates.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的It required all first-year
students to live on campus， which meant I had to live with someone I
didn’t know.可知，作者在大學(xué)里遇到的第一個挑戰(zhàn)是和陌生人同
住一間房。
3. What do the underlined words “freaked out” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Felt excited. B. Felt confused.
C. Became interested. D. Got frightened.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的I told myself that I should
step out of my comfort zone and try to talk to my new roommate，
even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest.可
知，作者對室友的邀請感到害怕。由此推知，freaked out意為“害
怕”，和got frightened意思相近。
4. Which of the following can best describe Yizhou？
A. Inspiring and helpful.
B. Brave and selfless.
C. Creative and outgoing.
D. Serious and honest.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Yizhou說的話和最后兩句
可推知，Yizhou鼓勵了作者，且?guī)椭俗髡撸虼丝梢杂胕nspiring
和helpful來描述Yizhou。
B
　　As Aristotle said， “No one would choose to live without friends，
even if he had all other goods.” But have you ever made friends online？
What exactly is an online friend？ What’s the difference between an
online friendship and an offline one？
A person you know only through the Internet （which includes social
networking sites like Facebook， Instagram and Pinterest） or email and
will seldom， if ever， meet is considered an online friend.Online
friendships can develop in places like forums （論壇）， gaming sites，
blogs， online groups or even from websites that help you meet friends.
An online friendship begins when two people bond with each other，
just like an offline relationship.They may share photos， email each
other， or chat on the phone finally.The friendship can become a source
of support and provide emotional benefits even though the friends will
never meet in real life.
Online friendships can be valuable during times when you lack friends
or have just moved to a new city or country.But in order for a friendship to
be truly real， you need to communicate face to face.That isn’t to say
that an online friendship can’t hold a special place in your heart or give
you the kind of acceptance and support your desire.What it means is that
this type of friendship will be very different.In an online friendship，
people can hide their true personality.You’ll never see them lose their
temper or show you how they act when they’re tired or hungry.They
have the choice to always show their best selves， always say the right
thing and even avoid upsetting you with subjects they bring up during
small talk or a deeper conversation.
An online friendship can feel very real.However， since you can hide
behind the computer， it isn’t exactly the same as when you have friends
you can meet in person.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了網(wǎng)友的定義、網(wǎng)絡(luò)
友情的意義及存在的問題等。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了網(wǎng)友的定義、網(wǎng)絡(luò)
友情的意義及存在的問題等。
5. Why does the author raise the questions in Paragraph 1？
A. To express his great doubt.
B. To introduce the topic for discussion.
C. To show the importance of online friends.
D. To get readers to care about the Internet.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，第一段先引用亞里
士多德的話來說明友誼的重要性，并提出了一些問題，接下來的段
落介紹了網(wǎng)友的定義及意義等。由此可推知，作者在第一段提出這
些問題是為了引出本文要討論的話題。
6. What does Paragraph 2 tell us？
A. What an online friend is.
B. Different ways of making friends.
C. Different kinds of social networks.
D. How to make friends on the Internet.
解析： 　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的A person you know only
through the Internet ...meet is considered an online friend.可知，本
段告訴了我們網(wǎng)友的定義。
7. What does the underlined word “bond” in Paragraph 3 probably
mean？
A. Fight. B. Compare.
C. Contact. D. Love.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。畫線單詞后一句是對上一句的解釋說明，
解釋了具體的交流方式。由此可推知，畫線詞所在的句子意為“網(wǎng)
上友誼始于兩個人彼此建立聯(lián)系，就像線下關(guān)系一樣”，bond意為
“建立互信關(guān)系”，與contact（聯(lián)系）意思最接近。
8. How does an online friendship differ from a real-life friendship？
A. It can’t become a source of support.
B. It takes more time and effort to keep.
C. It lacks communication with great depth.
D. It can’t tell what a person is really like.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后三句可推知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)友
誼有別于真實生活中的友誼，因為網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼具有片面性和欺騙性，
不能完全展示對方的真實面目。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
BE A GOOD TOURIST
　　Tourism can be both good and bad.Yes， it brings in money for the
local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals. 　9　
One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have
visited a destination.They have used paint， rocks， or even keys to write
on the Luxor Temple in Egypt， the Colosseum in Rome， Stonehenge in
the UK， and many， many other places. 　10　 I have three words for
people like this： please stop it.If you want to leave a mark on the
world， do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love.
　11　 Some tourists wander around and take pictures of local people
without asking for their permission.For example， Chiang Mai University
in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of
tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and
other public areas， taking pictures of students， and disturbing their
studies.Another example is Sanlitun， a famous neighbourhood in
Beijing， China. 　12　 I have three words for tourists like this： please
be considerate.Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.
The number of problems from tourists is endless： Walking in large
groups without considering others who need to walk by， crossing roads
without thinking of local traffic laws， and many more.The only way to
solve those problems is to make sure that you are not one of those terrible
tourists！ 　13　 Remember， whenever you step out of your country，
you are representing your country to the rest of the world.
A. Pass kindness along to future generations.
B. However， it may also bring some problems.
C. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed.
D. Be the best， kindest， most polite tourist possible.
E. People are attracted to the amazing food there and enjoy shopping at the
local markets.
F. Some tourists love to party there late into the night， making it difficult
for locals to sleep.
G. Another big headache in some places has been tourists disturbing the
local people and life.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。旅游業(yè)在帶動當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時
也會產(chǎn)生諸多問題。文章建議我們在旅游時盡可能做最好、最友
善、最懂禮貌的游客。
9. B　該句在首段段尾，承上啟下，與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，并總領(lǐng)引出下
文，指出旅游也會帶來一些問題。
10. C　該句在段中，點明游客在景區(qū)隨意刻畫的不良后果，即造成
眾多的景點和古跡被毀壞。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。旅游業(yè)在帶動當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時
也會產(chǎn)生諸多問題。文章建議我們在旅游時盡可能做最好、最友
善、最懂禮貌的游客。
11. G　該句在段首，是本段的主題句，概括下文，并與第二段首句
相呼應(yīng)，說明另一個因旅游帶來的大問題是它打擾了當(dāng)?shù)厝撕腿藗兊?br/>生活。
12. F　該句在段中，是對空前一句舉例的補(bǔ)充，具體說明游客的行為
如何給當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽斐衫_：來三里屯游玩的游客喜歡開派對直至深夜，
使得當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈茈y入眠。F項中的there指代上文的Sanlitun。
13. D　該句在段中，是對空前一句的補(bǔ)充說明，說明解決問題的方
法就是要盡可能做最好、最友善、最懂禮貌的游客。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Life is full of uncertainties， and every activity we do carries some
level of 　14　.Some activities， like snowboarding， often have a
higher possibility of injury.Ian Steger 　15　 this first-hand when he had
a serious snowboarding accident， but he was so 　16　 that Francis
Zuber passed by.
In March， Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in
Washington State.During their 　17　， things took a dangerous
turn.While moving through the trees， Ian fell backward and crashed into
one， finding himself 　18　 in a deep hole of snow.
Ian explained the 　19　， “When we entered the trees， they were
so 　20　 together that we each had to find our own paths.Unluckily，
the path I 　21　 led me straight into a big tree well.” Fearing the
worst， Ian thought he was facing his 　22　 moments.However，
Francis Zuber， a skier， happened to pass by.
Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye.He 　23　 a
snowboard sticking out from the snow， which was 　24　 considering
how far they were from any populated areas.Worried， Francis called out
to Ian but didn’t receive any 　25　.
Without hesitation， Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the
snowy trap.In the end， he 　26　 it.Feeling extremely 　27　， Ian
hugged Francis， telling him， “I’m so glad you 　28　 my life
today.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了被困在雪洞中的單板滑
雪愛好者Ian Steger被路過的滑雪者Francis Zuber營救的故事。
14. A. interest B. risk
C. boredom D. success
解析： 　根據(jù)下文中的Some activities， like snowboarding，
often have a higher possibility of injury.可知，一些活動，如單板滑
雪，受傷的可能性通常更高。由此推斷，每種活動都有一定程度
的風(fēng)險。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了被困在雪洞中的單板滑
雪愛好者Ian Steger被路過的滑雪者Francis Zuber營救的故事。
15. A. discovered B. described
C. mentioned D. guessed
解析： 　空后的this指代上一句內(nèi)容。Ian在發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的滑雪事故
時，他親身體會到了這一點。discover認(rèn)識到；first-hand第一手
地，直接地。
16. A. proud B. nervous
C. sure D. lucky
解析： 　根據(jù)空后的Francis Zuber passed by和下文中Francis營救
Ian的情節(jié)可知，在Ian發(fā)生事故后，F(xiàn)rancis正好路過，然后救了
他，這說明Ian很幸運(yùn)。
17. A. visit B. adventure
C. training D. discussion
解析： 　根據(jù)上文中的Ian and a group of friends went on a
snowboarding trip和第四段中的considering how far they were from
any populated areas可知，Ian和一群朋友去滑雪，滑雪的地方離人
口密集區(qū)很遠(yuǎn)。由此推斷，他們進(jìn)行的是冒險旅行。
18. A. beaten B. hidden
C. trapped D. tested
解析： 　根據(jù)最后一段中的Francis began to dig hard to save Ian
from the snowy trap可知，F(xiàn)rancis把Ian從雪洞里救出來。由此推
斷，Ian向后摔倒，撞到了一棵樹上，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被困在一個很深的
雪洞里。
19. A. situation B. method
C. difference D. invitation
解析： 　空后引號中的內(nèi)容介紹了Ian當(dāng)時進(jìn)入樹林后陷入雪洞
的原因，本空是對這部分內(nèi)容的概括，故選situation。
20. A. close B. safe C. unique D. high
解析： 　根據(jù)Ian的解釋可知，在他們進(jìn)入樹林后，每個人不得
不找自己的路。由此推斷，樹木離得太近，他們滑雪時不得不分
散開，然而不幸的是，Ian所選的路直接把他帶到一個大樹坑里。
21. A. advised B. cleared
C. chose D. saw
解析： 　參見上題解析。
22. A. quiet B. final C. right D. long
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的Fearing the worst可知，Ian被困在了樹坑
中，里面全是雪，他擔(dān)心最壞的情況發(fā)生。由此推斷，他以為自
己即將面臨生命的最后時刻。
23. A. heard B. imagined
C. kept D. noticed
解析： 　Francis先是瞟見一個紅色的東西，空后的a snowboard
sticking out from the snow是Francis之后留心注意到的情況。
24. A. funny B. true
C. unusual D. impossible
解析： 　空前的which指代a snowboard sticking out from the
snow，再根據(jù)空后的considering how far they were from any
populated areas可知，在這么偏僻的地方看到從雪地里突出來的滑
雪板是很不尋常的。
25. A. report B. warning
C. promise D. answer
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive可
知，F(xiàn)rancis向Ian喊話，但沒得到回應(yīng)。
26. A. made B. got C. put D. meant
解析： 　根據(jù)本段中的Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from
the snowy trap.和Ian hugged Francis可知，F(xiàn)rancis奮力挖雪試圖從
雪洞中把Ian救出來，最后他成功了，Ian最終獲救了。make it成
功；get it明白了；put it表達(dá)；mean it認(rèn)真對待（所說或所寫的東
西）。
27. A. tired B. thankful
C. curious D. satisfied
解析： 　根據(jù)上文中Francis救Ian的情節(jié)和Ian hugged Francis可
知，獲救的Ian對Francis非常感激，他很高興Francis救了他。
28. A. calmed B. touched
C. spared D. saved
解析： 　參見上題解析。
Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)
成一篇完整的短文。
　　If you are walking across the campus， you can be embarrassed with
every pair of eyes on you， especially when you’re 13 years old.I looked
around to find a friendly face or a smile， but got nothing.I was quite
disappointed.And I， in turn， felt a little foolish， walking across the
campus with a false smile on my face.I was simply hoping to follow the
advice that my mother had given me years before： When things get
awkward， smile.No matter where you are， a smile will always be
understood.At that very moment， however， I felt my mother’s advice
didn’t work.
Just at that time， I was asking myself questions and concerns of any
13-year-old on the first day of school： Where would I sit at lunch？ Who
would I talk to？ Not to mention， how would I make friends when I
didn’t even speak the language？ My heart was beating fast， and I felt
nervous.Still， I did my best to be calm so as not to let others know just
how scared I truly was.
When the teacher introduced me to the class as the “American
girl”， 10 sets of hands immediately shot up.Some students had
questions， while others wanted to practise their English with me.Because
I didn’t speak much Chinese then， I talked with the other students
through body language mixed with English and broken
Chinese.However， I was not sure how much of it was positive.It was
almost as if they weren’t sure what to make of me and I was being
examined.Then again， who could blame them？ After all， I was the
first American ever to attend the school.So， we were all first-timers.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
　　Then came the first class — Chinese painting. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
　　As I burnt with great embarrassment， Li Hua， who was next to
me， gave me a warm smile. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
參考范文：
　　Then came the first class — Chinese painting.The teacher showed us
how to use a brush to paint bamboo on a piece of rice paper.Then all the
other students began to paint.But it was quite difficult for me.How could I
hold the soft brush and make it go as I wished？ Hesitating for a while， I
tried dipping the brush into the inkstone.When I took it out， drops of
black ink fell on the paper.There was no bamboo， but big black dots！
As I burnt with great embarrassment， Li Hua， who was next to
me， gave me a warm smile.I smiled back awkwardly.He came up to me
and demonstrated how to use the brush.He moved the brush across the
paper， and lifelike bamboo appeared！ With his help， I finally
completed the painting， although it was such an ugly one.After that，
we became good friends.He taught me Chinese while I taught him
English.We both made great progress in our studies.Yes， my mother was
right.A smile did make a difference.
謝謝觀看！

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