資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
維度一：基礎題型練
單句語法填空。
1.She likes bread and milk， 　　　　　　she doesn’t like eggs at all.
2.They must be taken away from the heat of the fire， 　　　　　　they might get burnt.
3.The problem is 　　　　　　difficult that most students can’t work it out.
4.Two weeks went by， 　　　　　our exchange activities ended.
5.Ancient China was a place 　　　　　　states were often at war with each other.
6.　　　　　　 you’re interested in the position， please email me.
7.Neither did the naughty boy go home 　　　　　did his parents come to search for him.
8.It is likely 　　　　　　you can easily fall ill if you keep smoking.
維度二：語法與寫作
請用合適的連詞把每組句子合并為一個句子。
1.He was tired after climbing the mountain.He went to bed.
→He was tired after climbing the mountain， 　　　　　　he went to bed.
2.The child hid behind his mother’s skirt.He was afraid of the dog.
→The child hid behind his mother’s skirt， 　　　　　　he was afraid of the dog.
3.He made a promise that he would see me.He didn’t keep it.
→He made a promise that he would see me， 　　　　　　he didn’t keep it.
4.He has found out.She was late for school yesterday.
→He has found out 　　　　　　she was late for school yesterday.
5.I still remember the day.I first went to York on that day.
→I still remember the day 　　　　　　I first went to York.
6.This is the place. My grandparents lived there.
→This is the place 　　　　　　my grandparents lived.
7.The doctor was tired. He went on working.
→　　　　　　 the doctor was tired， he went on working.
8.We won’t go to his party. He invites us.
→We won’t go to his party 　　　　he invites us.
維度三：語法與語篇
根據漢語提示，完成下面的語段。
Dear friends，
It is common that some students would eat snacks instead of meals 1.　　　　　　　 （當該到吃飯的時候）.Now I suggest 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （你養成一個健康的飲食習慣）.
For us students， eating healthy food is of great importance 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （因為我們需要足夠的能量） to keep our body functioning well.You will be ill and unhealthy 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （除非你經常吃健康的食物）.Let’s have a healthy diet from now on.5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （只要你聽從我的建議）， you will grow up healthily and happily.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Today I took my two kids to a museum， along with my guide dog.I’ve got tunnel vision — that means I can see fine in the middle， read normal print， and create all the photos and toys for ToyLikeMe （a company that encourages toy companies to produce more toys that represent people with disabilities）， but I cannot see my feet when I walk， nor people as they come near my sides.
A museum attendant in her late 60s said to me， “Lovely dog， are you training her？”
“No，” I replied with a smile.“She works for me.”
“Oh，”said the lady.“I thought you were the trainer.You don’t look blind.”
Outside the sun was shining and my seven-year-old son， who had overheard this exchange， turned and said to me， “That lady thinks all blind people close their eyes and wear dark glasses.Why can’t a blind person look like you？”
“It’s called ignorance （無知），” I said gently， “when somebody doesn’t really know much about something.”
“They must have taught her wrong at school，” he said.“Back then they treated blind people badly and said they all had to look one way.She’s stuck in the dark ages.”
This isn’t the first time someone has said to me “You don’t look blind”.It won’t be the last.
So what does blind look like？ Why do we expect “blind people” to look a certain way？ The answer is “stereotyping （刻板印象）”.The media and toys and books have stereotyped blind people for hundreds of years.They still do.They create a simple image （形象）， usually of someone looking poor， lost and unable to see anything at all.
It’s time to teach children that blind and partially sighted （弱視的） people， just like the rest of the human race， come with a million different looks， so they don’t look so surprised when they come across anything other than a stereotype！ Let’s tell the kids of today！ Oh yes， princesses can be blind， and Genies too！ You can get blind Rainbow Dashes and partially sighted Potatoes.
1.What happened to the author today？
A.She found her sight completely lost.
B.She bought new toys for her two kids.
C.She was mistaken for a normal person.
D.She let her guide dog help a stranger.
2.What did the author’s son think of the old lady？
A.She was out of date. B.She was quite gentle.
C.She was too impolite. D.She was very careful.
3.How did the author feel when she heard what the old lady said？
A.Safe. B.Calm.
C.Nervous. D.Surprised.
4.What does the author think is necessary？
A.Putting yourself in blind people’s shoes.
B.Learning to have respect for blind people.
C.Changing the fixed idea about blind people.
D.Giving a helping hand to blind people whenever needed.
B
　　Researchers from the University of Western Australia recently studied 3，000 middle and high school students.Among them were 618 teenagers with one parent who lived away from home for long periods of time because of work.The researchers wanted to know how the work of these “fly-in， fly-out” parents might influence the health of their children.
A higher percentage （比例） of teenagers who experienced the long work absence of a parent had emotional or behavioural problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional hours.This supports earlier research finding high percentages of emotional problems in teenagers who often returned to an empty house after school or whose parents were seldom at dinner.
Findings also suggest that parents don’t have to be home all the time to be present in their children’s lives， but it helps to be home at certain times.And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like a potted （盆栽的） plant.
Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a conversation.One friend of mine quietly does housework each evening in the sitting room where her teenagers watch TV.They enjoy each other’s company without the need to talk.Another friend usually accepts his daughter’s invitation to work or read nearby while she is sitting and doing her homework.Perhaps， that， at least for some families， is the best way for a teenager and his or her parents to stay close.
In fact， many years of research suggests that children regard their parents as a safe base from which to explore the world.Studies tell us that young children quietly follow their parents’ movements from room to room， even while going on with their own activities.Perhaps our teens， like babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still around.They don’t want to stay away from parents who allow them freedom.
A new school year is at hand， so as parents we could offer our teenagers a “potted plant”， as a gift， whose quiet and steady presence will give them a great day.
5.What did the study find about the 618 teens？
A.They had more dinners with their parents.
B.They were more prepared to help themselves.
C.They showed more dislike for traditional working hours.
D.They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings.
6.What is the author’s attitude to her two friends’ behaviour？
A.She doubts them.
B.She supports them.
C.She is worried about them.
D.She cares little about them.
7.What does earlier research say about young kids according to Paragraph 5？
A.They want their parents’ presence.
B.They want their parents to be safe.
C.They want more freedom from parents.
D.They show more interest in new activities.
8.Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A.Teens Want Potted Plant Parents
B.Your Kids Still Need Protection
C.Quiet Families Raise Healthier Teenagers
D.Parents Know Little About Today’s Teenagers
C
　　“Can we eat this one， Dad？” my four-year-old daughter， Alicia， asks.We’re on one of our Thursday adventures， searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms.She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots.I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app， which notes that Amanita muscaria， while eatable if prepared properly， is also a known hallucinogen （致幻劑）.I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says， and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding， but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year， after a winter of practising skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week， Alicia was french-frying （when your skis are positioned parellel to each other） her way down blues and even attempted her first black.That winter also witnessed me getting out on the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy — but sometimes that’s the point.Alicia practises the violin every day， and although she enjoys it， even 15 minutes of practice can upset her.The trick， I’ve found， is to let her watch me try to get better at something， too.I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practise and then improve， she’ll understand that things don’t come easy， even for grown-ups.I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sidelines cheering her on as she finds her own passions.I’m okay with this， and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
9.What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life” in Paragraph 3？
A.It is rewarding to learn new skills.
B.Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C.He will explore more with his daughter.
D.His daughter will accompany him forever.
10.Why does the father start learning to play the piano？
A.To prove it is never too old to learn.
B.To set a good example for his daughter.
C.To experience the joy of piano practice.
D.To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
11.Which of the following can best describe the father？
A.Rigid and humorous.
B.Cautious and inspiring.
C.Creative and thoughtful.
D.Ambitious and patient.
12.Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A.The Thrill of Rediscovering Adventure
B.Practice Makes Perfect
C.Like Father， Like Daughter
D.The Power of Knowledge
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　If you’ve ever felt like you can’t do anything right， you might think you’re the only one who has experienced that feeling.　13　 Fortunately， there are ways to cope with it.
　14　 When you’re feeling like you can’t do anything right， take a moment and just let yourself feel that.Once you’re feeling a little calmer， try to search deeper into where the feeling is coming from.This can lead you to understand if there is a large issue that you need to deal with.
Practice self-care.Self-care is a great stress reliever.　15　 It is anything you do for yourself that makes you feel good.It can be physical， like taking a bath， or emotional， like lying down and listening to relaxing music.
Do a good deed.Acts of kindness towards others aid our emotional well-being， and when you’re feeling more positive， chances are you’ll realize you do plenty of things in life right.Additionally， a kind act is also something you did right！　16　
Take a break.　17　 That’s because we all need breaks and we all benefit from taking them！Taking a break reduces stress， makes us more productive overall and clears our heads.When you’re feeling like you can’t do anything right， just pause， and ask yourself if you’d like to take a few minutes off， and see where that leads you.
A.Let yourself feel this way.
B.Get past a feeling and fight with it.
C.It’s not a failure in life if you just need one.
D.It also helps you feel more positive about yourself.
E.And most of us do not share this feeling with others.
F.The truth， though， is that it’s perfectly common to feel this way.
G.Everyone wins when you practice being charitable towards other people.
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Are parents rational （理性的） about their children？ No.Parents aren’t rational because 　18　 isn’t rational.Young people can understand this about romantic love， but they find it 　19　 to accept this part in parental love.
My eldest daughter’s 　20　 the other day brought this up.“Let me ask you something， Dad，” she began to control 　21　 patiently that every experienced parent knows.
“I sailed around the Mediterranean when I was seventeen，” she said.“I hiked through the Pyrenees.I’ve done rock climbing and deep-sea diving and slept in rainforests.Right？”
“Right，” I said “So what？”
“So this，” she went on.“When I go to the corner drugstore to pick up some shampoo， why do you always tell me to be 　22　 when I cross the street？”
There is no satisfactory 　23　 a parent can give to this.
All I could say in reply was that when I was 50， my mother would 　24　 me not to drive too fast.If I were 80 and she were still alive， I would be getting the 　25　 warning.No matter what the age， a child is a child.
There is something else， too， that children find it hard to understand.When they are far away， there is nothing we can do about their 　26　.Parents try not to 　27　 about it.
But when the children are close， the old protective urge quickly 　28　， and it doesn’t 　29　 how far they have been or what experiences they have got through.
Most 　30　 happen round the corner， not in the rainforest.The most instinctive （本能的） act of almost every creature is to 　31　 its young， and this reaction stays for a lifetime.
In the parents’ mind， a child ages but does not 　32　.Rational？No.But if we were rational， would we want children at all？
18.A.worry　　　　　　B.fear
C.love D.need
19.A.easy B.friendly
C.hard D.important
20.A.problem B.explanation
C.warning D.question
21.A.anger B.pride
C.anxiety D.surprise
22.A.careful B.brave
C.quick D.helpful
23.A.solution B.answer
C.conclusion D.present
24.A.select B.remind
C.insist D.expect
25.A.different B.extra
C.same D.right
26.A.success B.happiness
C.luck D.safety
27.A.argue B.think
C.forget D.complain
28.A.comes back B.pays back
C.looks back D.goes back
29.A.prove B.mean
C.matter D.mind
30.A.accidents B.failures
C.changes D.mistakes
31.A.tolerate B.protect
C.devote D.treat
32.A.stop B.compete
C.grow D.leave
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Nowadays， more and more parents pay great attention to their children.However， we find 　33　 common that parents and children lack communication.
More than one reason contributes 　34　 the problem.
To begin with， the reason why parents spend 　35　 （little） time with their children is that the heavier social pressure often makes children 　36　 （ignore） by them.The second， although parents want to talk with their children， some of them don’t know much about the skills in communication or the necessary knowledge of education， which will have a big effect 　37　 communication.However， the most important reason may be the 　38　 （tradition） ideas of authority （權威） most parents have.Thus， when 　39　 （face） the children， parents are not 　40　 （like） to communicate with them as friends.
To sum up， the solution concerning the problem 　41　 （be） to diminish （縮小） the gap between parents and children.Therefore， in order to make a better atmosphere 　42　 the children grow up， the parents should ensure the stability （穩定） of the family and act as good friends to the children.
33.　　　　　　34.　　　　　　35.　　　　
36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　
39.　　　 40.　　　 41.　　　42.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.but　2.or　3.so　4.and 　5.where　6.If　7.nor 　8.that
維度二
1.so　2.for　3.but　4.why/that　5.when　6.where
7.Although/Though/While　8.unless
維度三
1.when it is mealtime　2.that you form a healthy eating habit
3.because we need enough energy　4.unless you eat healthy food regularly　5.As/So long as you follow my advice
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己的經歷，呼吁社會應該教育孩子們打破對盲人的刻板印象。
1.C　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，作者患有視野狹窄。再結合第二至四段中作者與那位女士的對話可知，那位女士沒有看出來作者是盲人。
2.A　推理判斷題。根據第五段中作者的兒子所說的That lady thinks all blind people close their eyes and wear dark glasses.Why can’t a blind person look like you？和第七段中他所說的They must have taught her wrong at school可推測，他認為那位女士思想陳舊。
3.B　推理判斷題。根據第八段內容可知，這不是作者第一次聽到別人說她不像是盲人。由此可推斷，當她聽到那位女士說她不像盲人時，她表現得很平靜。
4.C　推理判斷題。作者在倒數第二段中指出大眾對盲人有刻板印象，認為盲人只有一種類型。再根據最后一段內容可知，她認為有必要教孩子們改變對盲人的固有印象，告訴他們盲人和弱視者也有不同的類型。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發現，父母長時間不在身邊的青少年有情緒或者行為問題的比例更高。研究結果還表明，父母不必一直在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的時間待在家里會對孩子的成長有所幫助。作者鼓勵父母給青少年提供安靜和穩定的陪伴。5.D　細節理解題。根據第二段首句可知，618名單親青少年由于父母工作的原因，長期遠離父母生活，他們有情緒或者行為問題的比例更高，即他們更有可能在感情方面出現問題。
6.B　觀點態度題。根據第四段內容，尤其是最后一句可知，作者認為對一些家庭而言，父母與孩子待在一起，安靜地陪伴對方就是最好的親子相處的方式。由此可推知，作者對于兩位朋友的行為是支持的。
7.A　細節理解題。根據第五段首句及Perhaps our teens， like babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still around.可知，早期的研究表明，孩子們希望他們的父母在場。
8.A　標題歸納題。根據第三段并結合全文內容可知，研究發現，父母長時間不在身邊的青少年有情緒或者行為問題的比例更高。研究結果還表明，父母不必一直在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的時間待在家里會對孩子的成長有所幫助。因此，作者鼓勵父母給青少年提供安靜和穩定的陪伴，就如陪護盆栽一般。A項（青少年需要盆栽植物陪護式的父母）符合主旨，適合作為文章的標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在陪伴女兒不斷嘗試學習各種技能的同時，自己也得到了成長，作者希望女兒能夠明白沒有什么事是可以輕易做到的，即使對成年人來說也是如此。
9.C　句意理解題。根據第二段內容以及畫線部分前的That winter also witnessed me getting out on the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined可知，在女兒學習新技能的時候，作者一直陪伴著女兒，所以作者說找到了一生的搭檔的意思是“他將和女兒一起探索更多新事物”。
10.B　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old ...she’ll understand that things don’t come easy， even for grown-ups.可知，作者開始學彈鋼琴是為了給女兒樹立一個好榜樣。
11.B　推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知，作者在女兒問他一種名為毒蠅傘的毒菇是否可食用時，作者查找識別軟件，并認為不能食用這種蘑菇，說明作者是一個謹慎的人；根據最后一段可知，作者開始學彈鋼琴是為了給女兒樹立一個好榜樣，說明他是一個能鼓舞人心的人。
12.A　標題歸納題。第一段講述作者和女兒一起歷險去采蘑菇，第二段作者表明在看到自己的孩子學習新技能的同時，自己也有了成長，第三、四段又分別講述了陪女兒滑雪和學琴的事，由此可知，本文講述了作者在女兒不斷地嘗試學習各種技能的同時，自己也重新發現了冒險，使自己也得到成長。所以A項（重新發現冒險帶來的興奮感）為文章合適的標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。每個人都有認為自己遇事不順的時候，該如何消除這種壞情緒呢？本文介紹了幾種方法。
13.F　根據上下文可知，此處與上文形成轉折，同時引起下文。由此可知，F項能夠承上啟下，符合語境。
14.A　此處是本段的主旨句。根據下文可知，本段主要講述讓自己感覺一下自己什么都做不好的感覺。由此可知，A項總括下文，符合語境。
15.D　根據上文Practice self-care.Self-care is a great stress reliever.可知，此處在講述自我照顧的好處。由此可知，D項與上文是遞進關系，符合語境。
16.G　本段的主旨句是做好事，上文講述了做好事的益處。由此可知，G項符合本段主旨，其中charitable是關鍵詞，呼應上文講述的做好事。
17.C　根據段落主旨句Take a break.可知，本段介紹休息的作用。C項中的one指代空前一句中的a break，下文That’s because ...解釋了我們休息一下不是失敗的原因。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。父母對孩子的愛是理性的嗎？當然不是。雖然孩子會慢慢長大，但在父母眼中，孩子永遠是孩子，永遠都長不大。
18.C　根據下文的romantic love和parental love可知，此處是指“愛”不是理性的。
19.C　but前后兩個分句之間是轉折關系，所以該空表達的意思要與can understand意義相反，hard to accept符合語境。
20.D　根據下文可知，作者的女兒問了個問題。
21.A　根據下文可知，作者的女兒進行過多次探險，也去過外地旅游，但是作者還是讓她過馬路的時候要小心，她覺得沒有必要，所以有些生氣。
22.A　根據語境可知，作者讓女兒過馬路的時候小心一些。
23.B　上文是作者女兒問的問題，所以此處表示，對于這樣的問題，父母給不出令人滿意的答案。
24.B　根據下文的warning可知，此處指當作者50歲的時候，他的母親還是會提醒他車不要開得太快。select選擇；remind提醒；insist堅持；expect期待；預料。
25.C　根據語境可知，此處指如果作者80歲了而他的母親還活著，他會得到同樣的警告。
26.D　孩子在離家很遠的地方時，父母所擔心的肯定是他們的安全。根據下一段中的the old protective urge也可以推斷出答案。
27.B　根據上文可知，當孩子不在父母身邊時，父母對孩子的安全問題無能為力，就盡力不去想這件事了。
28.A　此處表示但是當孩子離得近的時候，這種原先的保護的沖動很快又出現了。come back重新出現。
29.C　根據語境可知，此處指無論他們走了多遠或經歷過什么都沒關系。matter在此處作動詞，意為“有關系；重要”。
30.A　根據上文作者的女兒去過很多地方探險，但作者還是提醒她過馬路時要小心可知，作者認為大多數事故就發生在身邊，而不是在雨林里。accident事故。
31.B　根據上文中的the old protective urge可知，此處指生物保護幼小的本能。
32.C　在父母的思想里，孩子的年齡會增長，但是孩子并沒有長大。根據第七段最后一句可知，無論孩子多大，在父母眼里都是沒長大的孩子。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了父母和孩子之間缺乏溝通的原因和解決辦法。33.it　考查代詞。此處為“動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋that從句”結構，that引導賓語從句，作find的真正賓語，設空處應用it作形式賓語。故填it。
34.to　考查介詞。contribute to是固定短語，意為“導致”。故填to。
35.less　考查形容詞的比較級。根據空后的heavier social pressure可知，父母面對的社會壓力更大了，因此和孩子們一起度過的時間更少了，設空處含有比較的意思。故填less。
36.ignored　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構，根據語境和空后的by them可知，children和ignore之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，應用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填ignored。
37.on　考查介詞。have a big effect on sth為固定用法，意為“對某事物產生很大的影響”。故填on。
38.traditional　考查詞形轉換。 設空處修飾名詞ideas，應用形容詞，故填traditional。
39.facing　考查省略句。when引導的時間狀語從句中的主語和主句的主語保持一致，且從句的謂語中有be動詞時，可省略從句中的主語和be動詞，此處parents和face之間為主謂關系，應用動詞-ing形式。故填facing。
40.likely　考查詞形轉換。be likely to do sth是固定用法，意為“可能做某事”。故填likely。
41.is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，設空處在句中作謂語。根據語境可知，此處表示客觀情況，應用一般現在時；句子的主語為the solution， concerning the problem為后置定語修飾solution，主語為單數概念，謂語應用單數形式。故填is。
42.where　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，在從句中作狀語，且先行詞atmosphere表示抽象地點，因此設空處用關系副詞where。故填where。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
簡單句、并列句和主從復合句
閱讀下列句子并分析加黑部分的用法。
1.We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult.
2.Before you write your post， however， take a look at other users’ posts first.
3.You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem.
4.It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum.
5.Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health.
6.If your problem is a new one， write a post about it.
7.Your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy.
8.It’s completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions create.
【我的發現】
簡單句（simple sentences）
并列句（compound sentences）
主從復合句（complex sentences）
　　英語句子按其結構可以分為以下三類：簡單句、并列句和主從復合句。
一、簡單句（simple sentence）
簡單句是只含有一個主謂結構的句子，按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。
1.陳述句：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法，有肯定句和否定句之分。
She is fond of collecting stamps.
她喜歡集郵。
I have not heard the latest news about the football match.
我沒聽到有關足球比賽的最新消息。
2.疑問句：提出問題。有以下四種：
（1）一般疑問句
Can you finish the work in time？
你能按時完成工作嗎？
（2）特殊疑問句
Where do you live？
你住在哪里？
How do you know that？
你怎么知道那件事？
（3）選擇疑問句
Do you want tea or coffee？
你是要茶還是要咖啡？
（4）附加疑問句（又稱反意疑問句）
He doesn’t know her， does he？
他不認識她，對不對？
3.祈使句：提出請求、建議或發出命令。
Sit down， please.
請坐。
Don’t be nervous！
別緊張！
4.感嘆句：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒。
What good news it is！
多么好的消息啊！
【即時演練1】　完成句子
①The story 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
那個故事聽起來很有趣。
②I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　today.
我今天沒做早操。
③　　　　　　　　 five languages？
他會講五種語言嗎？
④　　　　　　　　 by train.
讓他們坐火車去吧。
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　 it is！
這是個多么有趣的故事啊！
二、并列句（compound sentence）
并列句是由并列連詞連接的兩個或兩個以上的簡單句構成的句子。其基本結構是“簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句”。并列句中的各簡單句意義同等重要，相互之間沒有從屬關系，是平行并列的關系。并列連詞有and、 but、 or、 so、 for等。
1.表示平行并列，常用的連詞有and、 not only ... but also ...、 neither ... nor ...等。
He was cleaning the room and his children were playing outside.
他在打掃房間，他的孩子們在外面玩耍。
2.表示轉折，常用的連詞有but、 however、 yet、 while等。
His son came back， but he was still concerned.
他兒子回來了，但是他仍然很擔心。
He likes sports， while I’d rather collect stamps.
他喜歡運動，而我則愛好集郵。
3.表示因果并列，常用的連詞有for、 so等。
It must have rained yesterday evening， for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面是濕的。
The manager was ill so I went to the press conference in his place.
經理病了， 所以我代替他去參加新聞發布會。
注意：so和because不能連用。
4.表示選擇，常用的連詞有or、 either ... or ...等。
Wear your coat， or you’ll catch a cold.
把大衣穿上，不然你會感冒的。
Either Tom or his sisters are coming.
不是湯姆就是他的姐妹們要來。
【即時演練2】　完成句子
①Not only is he our teacher， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他不僅是我們的老師，而且是我們的朋友。
②The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
這個工人數月在紐約找工作，但是仍然沒有找到任何工作。
③I was tired， 　　　　　　　　　　.
我累了，于是我早早回家了。
④You must be ill， 　　　　　　　　　.
你一定是病了，因為你的臉色如此蒼白。
三、主從復合句（complex sentence）
主從復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成。主句為句子的主體，從句只能用作句子的一個次要成分，不能獨立存在。從句通常由關聯詞引導，并由關聯詞將從句和主句聯系在一起。從句按其在復合句中的句法功能分為名詞性從句、狀語從句和定語從句三大類。
（一）名詞性從句
名詞性從句具有名詞的句法功能，在句子中可以充當主語、賓語、表語或同位語。
1.主語從句
在句子中充當主語的從句叫作主語從句。主語從句位于謂語動詞之前，通常由that、 whether以及疑問連詞引導。一般情況下，常用形式主語it代替主語從句，而將真正的主語置于句末。
What he said is true.
他說的是真的。
It is true that Tom has died.
＝That Tom has died is true.
湯姆去世了是真的。
【即時演練3】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　 is unknown.
他生于何時還不知道。
②　　　　　　　　　　 is unknown.
誰打破了玻璃還不知道。
2. 賓語從句
賓語從句在句子中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。
（1）基本形式：（主句＋）連詞＋從句主語＋從句謂語＋...
（2）關于賓語從句連詞的選擇
若從句來源于一個陳述句，那么，連詞用that，在口語中that可以省略；若從句來源于一個一般疑問句，連詞則用if 或whether；若從句來源于一個特殊疑問句，則連詞就是疑問詞（如what、 who、 where、 when等）。
They think that the bridge was built 100 years ago. （從句本來就是陳述句The bridge was built 100 years ago.）
他們認為這座橋建于一百年前。
I asked him if he had finished his homework.（從句來源于一般問句Have you finished your homework？）
我問他是否已經完成家庭作業。
I asked him where he could get such medicine.（從句來源于特殊疑問句Where can you get such medicine？）
我問他在哪里他可以買到這種藥。
（3）賓語從句的時態問題
如果主句是現在時，從句時態根據實際需要而定，該用什么時態就用什么時態；如果主句是過去時，從句則相應地使用過去某一時態，表示客觀真理時仍然用現在時。
I think I will do better in English this term.
我認為這學期我會在英語方面做得更好。
The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round.
老師問男孩地球是不是圓的。
（4）“be sorry/afraid/sure/glad＋that從句”結構（系表結構）后面的從句一般也作為賓語從句看待。
I’m sorry I’m late.
對不起，我遲到了。
I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment.
恐怕他此刻不在家。
【即時演練4】　完成句子
①Could you tell me 　　　　　　　　　， please？
你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？
②He said 　　　　　　　　　　　　　before supper.
他說他會在晚飯前完成他的工作。
③I’m glad 　　　　　　　　　　　.
我很高興他得到了這份工作。
3.表語從句
作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。引導表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、 whether、 as though、 as if等；關系代詞who、 what、 which、 whom、 whose、 whatever、 whoever、 whomever、 whichever等；關系副詞when、 where、 why、 how、 however、 whenever、 wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有be、 look、 remain、 seem等。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
困難是我們資金短缺。
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.
那就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。
At that time， it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow.
當時，我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。
【即時演練5】　完成句子
①The trouble is 　　　　　　　　　　　.
麻煩的事是他丟了錢。
②The question is 　　　　　　　　　more ice cream.
問題是我們是否還需要一些冰激凌。
（二）狀語從句
在復合句中作狀語，其位置可以在主句前或主句后。狀語從句可以分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、比較、讓步、條件等幾種。狀語從句由從屬連接詞引導。
1.時間狀語從句通常由when、 as、 while、 after、 before、 since、 as soon as、 till （until）、 whenever 等引導。時間狀語從句一般放在句首或句尾。
特別注意：時間狀語從句不允許使用將來時，而應用現在時替代（主將從現）。
When you finish the work，you may go out to play with Sam.
你完成工作就可以出去和Sam一起玩了。
I won’t leave until Mum comes back.
媽媽回來了我才會走。
2.地點狀語從句通常由 where、 wherever等引導。
Go back where you came from！
你從哪里來還回到哪里去！
I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be.
我永遠也不會忘記去抓住那個偷我項鏈的賊，無論他會在哪里。
3.原因狀語從句通常由because、 since、 as等引導，一般放在句首或句尾。
He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him.
他出國了，因為他父親給他找了一所好大學。
4.目的狀語從句通常由so that ...、 in order that ...等引導，往往放在句尾，從句中常含有can、 could、 may、 might等情態動詞。
He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train.
他早早起床為的是趕上第一班火車。
5.結果狀語從句常由so that引導。在so/such ...that ...結構中，that也可引導結果狀語從句。結果狀語從句一般表示已經發生的事情，故多為過去時態。
He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one.
他丟了那么多輛自行車，他決定再也不買新自行車了。
6.比較狀語從句通常由as、 than、 as （so）...as等引導，一般省略從句的謂語部分，只剩下名詞或代詞（用主格或賓格均可）。
The piano is more expensive than I expected.
這架鋼琴比我預料的貴。
I don’t have as many books as you （do）.
我的書沒有你的多。
7.讓步狀語從句通常由though、 although、 as、 even if、 even though、 however、 whatever等引導。
Even if you pay the debt for me， I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me.
即使你替我還了債我也不會感謝你，因為它與我毫無關系。
He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold.
他穿了一件T恤衫，盡管天很冷。
名師點津
（1）because與so，（al）though與but不可以同時在一個句子中成對出現。
（2）時間、條件、原因、讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用逗號與主句隔開。
8.條件狀語從句通常由if、 unless、 no matter（無論）、 as/so long as（只要）等引導，條件狀語從句一般放在句首或句尾。
特別注意：條件狀語從句也不允許使用將來時，而應該用現在時替代（主將從現）。
You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder.
即將到來的期末考試你肯定考不及格，除非你更加用功。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow， we shall go hiking.
如果明天不下雨，我們就去徒步旅行。
No matter what he says， I will believe him.
無論他說什么，我都相信他。
【即時演練6】　完成句子
①The little boy was crying 　　　　　　.
那個小男孩因迷路而哭泣。
②I’m not living 　　　　　　　　.
我不在原來的地方住了。
③He studied hard 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他努力學習，是為了能通過考試。
④He was 　　　　　　he couldn’t speak.
他氣得話都說不出來。
（三） 定語從句
在復合句中作定語用來修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。
1.定語從句的位置：放在名詞或代詞的后面。
The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.
手上拿著一把雨傘的人是我的叔叔。
2.語法術語的名稱：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞；引導定語從句的連接詞稱為關系詞，其中that、 which、 who、 whose稱為關系代詞，where、 when、 why稱為關系副詞。
3.關系代詞或關系副詞的作用
（1）關系代詞who、 whom 和whose指人，分別在從句中作主語、賓語和定語。which只能指物，that多指物，有時也指人，它們在從句中可以作主語或賓語。定語從句中關系代詞作從句賓語時可以省略。
This is the person （that/who/whom） we are looking for.
這就是我們正在找的人。
Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in.
請找一間足夠大能住下我們所有人的房間。
（2）關系副詞when或where引導定語從句時，在從句中分別作時間狀語和地點狀語。
This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.
這是一個星期前他們在里面吵架的房間。
I can never forget the day when I first saw you.
我永遠不會忘記第一次見到你的那天。
【即時演練7】　完成句子
①I know the man 　　　　　　　　　　.
我認識住在隔壁的那個人。
②She will never forget the day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她永遠不會忘記她結婚的那天。
③Give me one reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
給我一個我們應當幫助你的理由。
design vt.設計；制訂 n.設計；設計藝術
【教材原句】　So， we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood.
因此，我們設計了TeenHealthWeb來幫助你走向成年。
【用法】
（1）design sth for sb/sth　為某人/某物設計某物
be designed for ...＝be designed to do ...
　　　　　　專為……設計的；目的是……
（2）by design 有意地，故意地
（3）designer n. 設計者
【佳句】　Project Hope is designed to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty.
希望工程旨在幫助那些因為貧困而輟學的孩子。
【聯想】　表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結
故意地：①by design　②on purpose
③deliberately
偶然地：①by chance　②by accident
③accidentally
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The new theatre is specially designed 　　　　the disabled.
②Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or 　　　　　　design？
③Our company employed an Italian 　　　　　（design） to create new dress styles.
④Paper cuttings of special 　　　　　　（design） are put up to celebrate the Spring Festival.
【寫美】　句式升級
⑤The project， which was designed to help the students in need， didn’t work out as planned.
→The project， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， didn’t work out as planned.（動詞-ed短語作后置定語）
look through 瀏覽；快速查看
【教材原句】　You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem.
你可以瀏覽這些文章來找出關于你的問題的建議。
【用法】
look around　　　　　環視；參觀
look after 照顧
look back （on） 回憶；回顧
look down on/upon 輕視；看不起
look forward to 期待；盼望
look into 調查
look up 向上看；查閱
look out （for） 當心；注意察看
【佳句】　I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find the contract.
我翻閱了我所有的文件，但是我仍然找不到那份合同。
【練透】　用look的相關短語填空
①The kid is 　　　　　　　　　　being taken to the zoo this weekend.
②I often 　　　　　　　　the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
③John’s mother told him to 　　　　　　　his younger brother.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　， their eyes are very different from a mammal.
因為魚能透過水看東西，它們的眼睛與哺乳動物非常不同。
likely adj.可能的，預料的，有希望的
【教材原句】　It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum.
這個問題很可能在我們論壇上已經討論過了。
【用法】
（1）sb be likely to do sth　　某人可能做某事
It is likely that ... 可能……
（2）unlikely adj. 不大可能的
be unlikely to ... 不可能……
【佳句】　In fact， women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.
事實上，女性患有高血壓或死于心臟病的可能性較小。
【用準】　（1）likely可用于“It is likely that ...”和“sb/sth be likely to do sth”句型中，但不用于“It is likely for sb/sth to do sth”句型中。
（2）likely的近義詞為probable和possible，但probable和possible一般用it作形式主語，不能用人或物作主語。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The price is likely 　　　　　　（go） down because of the competition.
②I have learned that Mr Brown disagrees with you.Your suggestion is 　　　　　　（like） to be accepted under present condition.
【寫美】　同義句轉換
③If you grow up in a large family， you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.
→If you grow up in a large family，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you develop the ability to get on well with others.
④It is likely that he will be busy tomorrow because of the coming exam.
→He 　　　　　　　　　　tomorrow because of the coming exam.
cheer up （使）變得高興，振奮起來
【教材原句】　Cheer up， Teresa.They’ll understand and everything will turn out all right！
振奮起來，特蕾薩。他們會明白一切都會好起來的！
【用法】
（1）cheer vi.& vt.歡呼，喝彩，加油
n. 歡呼聲，喝彩聲
cheer sb on＝cheer on sb
為某人加油；使某人振作起來
cheer for 為……而歡呼
（2）cheerful adj. 高興的；興高采烈的
（3）Cheers！ 干杯！
【佳句】　Upon arriving at the classroom，the author was cheered up by a warm welcome.
一走進教室，那位作者就因熱烈的歡迎而高興起來。
I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely！我真心希望她能振作起來，勇敢地接受生活的挑戰。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I do hope she can cheer 　　　　　　and rebuild her confidence.
②This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most 　　　　　　（cheer） holiday scenes.
【寫美】　完成句子
③When I’m feeling sad， my mother often tells me funny stories to 　　　　　　　　.
當我感到難過時，我的媽媽經常給我講有趣的故事使我高興起來。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
　3、5　7　1、2、4、6、8
即時演練1
①sounds very interesting　②didn’t do morning exercises　③Can he speak　④Let them go　⑤What an interesting story
即時演練2
①but he is also our friend　②yet he couldn’t find any work
③so I went home early　④for you look so pale
即時演練3
①When he was born　②Who has broken the glass
即時演練4
①who knows the answer　②that he could finish his work
③that he’s got the job
即時演練5
①that he has lost his money　②whether we need
即時演練6
①because he was lost　②where I was　③in order that he could pass the exam　④so angry that
即時演練7
①who/that lives next door　②when she got married
③why we should help you
【核心知識·巧突破】
1.①for　②by　③designer　④designs　⑤designed to help the students in need
2.①looking forward to　②look up　③look after
④fish look through water
3.①to go　②unlikely　③it is more likely that
④is likely to be busy
4.①up　②cheerful　③cheer me up
1 / 10(共123張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　
Grammar and usage
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
3
課時檢測·提能力
2
核心知識·巧突破
1
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
簡單句、并列句和主從復合句
閱讀下列句子并分析加黑部分的用法。
1. We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult.
2. Before you write your post， however， take a look at other users’
posts first.
3. You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem.
4. It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum.
5. Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental
health.
6. If your problem is a new one， write a post about it.
7. Your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy.
8. It’s completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child
tensions create.
【我的發現】
簡單句（simple sentences）
并列句（compound sentences）
主從復合句（complex sentences）
3、5　
7　
1、2、4、6、8　
　　英語句子按其結構可以分為以下三類：簡單句、并列句和主從復
合句。
一、簡單句（simple sentence）
簡單句是只含有一個主謂結構的句子，按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑
問句、祈使句和感嘆句。
1. 陳述句：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法，有肯定句和否定句之分。
She is fond of collecting stamps.
她喜歡集郵。
I have not heard the latest news about the football match.
我沒聽到有關足球比賽的最新消息。
2. 疑問句：提出問題。有以下四種：
（1）一般疑問句
Can you finish the work in time？
你能按時完成工作嗎？
（2）特殊疑問句
Where do you live？
你住在哪里？
How do you know that？
你怎么知道那件事？
（3）選擇疑問句
Do you want tea or coffee？
你是要茶還是要咖啡？
（4）附加疑問句（又稱反意疑問句）
He doesn’t know her， does he？
他不認識她，對不對？
3. 祈使句：提出請求、建議或發出命令。
Sit down， please.
請坐。
Don’t be nervous！
別緊張！
4. 感嘆句：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒。
What good news it is！
多么好的消息啊！
【即時演練1】　完成句子
①The story .
那個故事聽起來很有趣。
②I today.
我今天沒做早操。
③ five languages？
他會講五種語言嗎？
④ by train.
讓他們坐火車去吧。
⑤ it is！
這是個多么有趣的故事啊！
sounds very interesting　
didn’t do morning exercises　
Can he speak　
Let them go　
What an interesting story　
二、并列句（compound sentence）
并列句是由并列連詞連接的兩個或兩個以上的簡單句構成的句子。其
基本結構是“簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句”。并列句中的各簡單句意
義同等重要，相互之間沒有從屬關系，是平行并列的關系。并列連詞
有and、 but、 or、 so、 for等。
1. 表示平行并列，常用的連詞有and、 not only ... but also ...、
neither ... nor ...等。
He was cleaning the room and his children were playing outside.
他在打掃房間，他的孩子們在外面玩耍。
2. 表示轉折，常用的連詞有but、 however、 yet、 while等。
His son came back， but he was still concerned.
他兒子回來了，但是他仍然很擔心。
He likes sports， while I’d rather collect stamps.
他喜歡運動，而我則愛好集郵。
3. 表示因果并列，常用的連詞有for、 so等。
It must have rained yesterday evening， for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面是濕的。
The manager was ill so I went to the press conference in his place.
經理病了， 所以我代替他去參加新聞發布會。
注意：so和because不能連用。
4. 表示選擇，常用的連詞有or、 either ... or ...等。
Wear your coat， or you’ll catch a cold.
把大衣穿上，不然你會感冒的。
Either Tom or his sisters are coming.
不是湯姆就是他的姐妹們要來。
【即時演練2】　完成句子
①Not only is he our teacher， .
他不僅是我們的老師，而且是我們的朋友。
②The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months，
.
這個工人數月在紐約找工作，但是仍然沒有找到任何工作。
③I was tired， .
我累了，于是我早早回家了。
④You must be ill， .
你一定是病了，因為你的臉色如此蒼白。
but he is also our friend　
yet he
couldn’t find any work　
so I went home early　
for you look so pale　
三、主從復合句（complex sentence）
主從復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成。主句為句子的
主體，從句只能用作句子的一個次要成分，不能獨立存在。從句通常
由關聯詞引導，并由關聯詞將從句和主句聯系在一起。從句按其在復
合句中的句法功能分為名詞性從句、狀語從句和定語從句三大類。
（一）名詞性從句
名詞性從句具有名詞的句法功能，在句子中可以充當主語、賓語、表
語或同位語。
1. 主語從句
在句子中充當主語的從句叫作主語從句。主語從句位于謂語動詞之
前，通常由that、 whether以及疑問連詞引導。一般情況下，常用形
式主語it代替主語從句，而將真正的主語置于句末。
What he said is true.
他說的是真的。
It is true that Tom has died.
＝That Tom has died is true.
湯姆去世了是真的。
【即時演練3】　完成句子
① is unknown.
他生于何時還不知道。
② is unknown.
誰打破了玻璃還不知道。
2. 賓語從句
賓語從句在句子中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。
（1）基本形式：（主句＋）連詞＋從句主語＋從句謂語＋...
When he was born　
Who has broken the glass　
（2）關于賓語從句連詞的選擇
若從句來源于一個陳述句，那么，連詞用that，在口語中that
可以省略；若從句來源于一個一般疑問句，連詞則用if 或
whether；若從句來源于一個特殊疑問句，則連詞就是疑問詞
（如what、 who、 where、 when等）。
They think that the bridge was built 100 years ago. （從句本
來就是陳述句The bridge was built 100 years ago.）
他們認為這座橋建于一百年前。
I asked him if he had finished his homework.（從句來源于一
般問句Have you finished your homework？）
我問他是否已經完成家庭作業。
I asked him where he could get such medicine.（從句來源于
特殊疑問句Where can you get such medicine？）
我問他在哪里他可以買到這種藥。
（3）賓語從句的時態問題
如果主句是現在時，從句時態根據實際需要而定，該用什么
時態就用什么時態；如果主句是過去時，從句則相應地使用
過去某一時態，表示客觀真理時仍然用現在時。
I think I will do better in English this term.
我認為這學期我會在英語方面做得更好。
The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round.
老師問男孩地球是不是圓的。
（4）“be sorry/afraid/sure/glad＋that從句”結構（系表結構）后面
的從句一般也作為賓語從句看待。
I’m sorry I’m late.
對不起，我遲到了。
I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment.
恐怕他此刻不在家。
【即時演練4】　完成句子
①Could you tell me ，please？
你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？
②He said before supper.
他說他會在晚飯前完成他的工作。
③I’m glad .
我很高興他得到了這份工作。
who knows the answer　
that he could finish his work　
that he’s got the job　
3. 表語從句
作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。引導
表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、 whether、 as though、 as if等；關系
代詞who、 what、 which、 whom、 whose、 whatever、 whoever、
whomever、 whichever等；關系副詞when、 where、 why、 how、
however、 whenever、 wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有
be、 look、 remain、 seem等。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
困難是我們資金短缺。
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New
England fields.
那就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。
At that time， it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word
anyhow.
當時，我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。
【即時演練5】　完成句子
①The trouble is .
麻煩的事是他丟了錢。
②The question is more ice cream.
問題是我們是否還需要一些冰激凌。
that he has lost his money　
whether we need　
（二）狀語從句
在復合句中作狀語，其位置可以在主句前或主句后。狀語從句可以分
為時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、比較、讓步、條件等幾種。狀語
從句由從屬連接詞引導。
1. 時間狀語從句通常由when、 as、 while、 after、 before、 since、 as
soon as、 till （until）、 whenever 等引導。時間狀語從句一般放在
句首或句尾。
特別注意：時間狀語從句不允許使用將來時，而應用現在時替代
（主將從現）。
When you finish the work，you may go out to play with Sam.
你完成工作就可以出去和Sam一起玩了。
I won’t leave until Mum comes back.
媽媽回來了我才會走。
2. 地點狀語從句通常由 where、 wherever等引導。
Go back where you came from！
你從哪里來還回到哪里去！
I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever
he may be.
我永遠也不會忘記去抓住那個偷我項鏈的賊，無論他會在哪里。
3. 原因狀語從句通常由because、 since、 as等引導，一般放在句首或
句尾。
He went abroad because his father had found a good university for
him.
他出國了，因為他父親給他找了一所好大學。
4. 目的狀語從句通常由so that ...、 in order that ...等引導，往往放
在句尾，從句中常含有can、 could、 may、 might等情態動詞。
He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train.
他早早起床為的是趕上第一班火車。
5. 結果狀語從句常由so that引導。在so/such ...that ...結構中，that
也可引導結果狀語從句。結果狀語從句一般表示已經發生的事情，
故多為過去時態。
He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one.
他丟了那么多輛自行車，他決定再也不買新自行車了。
6. 比較狀語從句通常由as、 than、 as （so）...as等引導，一般省略
從句的謂語部分，只剩下名詞或代詞（用主格或賓格均可）。
The piano is more expensive than I expected.
這架鋼琴比我預料的貴。
I don’t have as many books as you （do）.
我的書沒有你的多。
7. 讓步狀語從句通常由though、 although、 as、 even if、 even
though、 however、 whatever等引導。
Even if you pay the debt for me， I will not thank you because it has
nothing to do with me.
即使你替我還了債我也不會感謝你，因為它與我毫無關系。
He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold.
他穿了一件T恤衫，盡管天很冷。
名師點津
（1）because與so，（al）though與but不可以同時在一個句子中成對
出現。
（2）時間、條件、原因、讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用逗號與主
句隔開。
8. 條件狀語從句通常由if、 unless、 no matter（無論）、 as/so long as
（只要）等引導，條件狀語從句一般放在句首或句尾。
特別注意：條件狀語從句也不允許使用將來時，而應該用現在時替
代（主將從現）。
You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work
much harder.
即將到來的期末考試你肯定考不及格，除非你更加用功。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow， we shall go hiking.
如果明天不下雨，我們就去徒步旅行。
No matter what he says， I will believe him.
無論他說什么，我都相信他。
【即時演練6】　完成句子
①The little boy was crying .
那個小男孩因迷路而哭泣。
②I’m not living .
我不在原來的地方住了。
③He studied hard .
他努力學習，是為了能通過考試。
④He was he couldn’t speak.
他氣得話都說不出來。
because he was lost　
where I was　
in order that he could pass the exam　
so angry that　
（三）定語從句
在復合句中作定語用來修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語
從句。
1. 定語從句的位置：放在名詞或代詞的后面。
The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.
手上拿著一把雨傘的人是我的叔叔。
2. 語法術語的名稱：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞；引導定語從句
的連接詞稱為關系詞，其中that、 which、 who、 whose稱為關系代
詞，where、 when、 why稱為關系副詞。
3. 關系代詞或關系副詞的作用
（1）關系代詞who、 whom 和whose指人，分別在從句中作主語、
賓語和定語。which只能指物，that多指物，有時也指人，它
們在從句中可以作主語或賓語。定語從句中關系代詞作從句
賓語時可以省略。
This is the person （that/who/whom） we are looking for.
這就是我們正在找的人。
Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in.
請找一間足夠大能住下我們所有人的房間。
（2）關系副詞when或where引導定語從句時，在從句中分別作時
間狀語和地點狀語。
This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.
這是一個星期前他們在里面吵架的房間。
I can never forget the day when I first saw you.
我永遠不會忘記第一次見到你的那天。
【即時演練7】　完成句子
①I know the man .
我認識住在隔壁的那個人。
②She will never forget the day .
她永遠不會忘記她結婚的那天。
③Give me one reason .
給我一個我們應當幫助你的理由。
who/that lives next door　
when she got married　
why we should help you　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
2
design vt.設計；制訂 n.設計；設計藝術
【教材原句】　So， we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you
along the journey to adulthood.
因此，我們設計了TeenHealthWeb來幫助你走向成年。
（1）design sth for sb/sth　為某人/某物設計某物be designed for ...＝
be designed to do ...　專為……設計的；目的是……
（2）by design　　有意地，故意地
（3）designer n.　　設計者
【用法】
【佳句】　Project Hope is designed to help those children who drop out
of school because of poverty.
希望工程旨在幫助那些因為貧困而輟學的孩子。
【聯想】　表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結
故意地：①by design　②on purpose　③deliberately
偶然地：①by chance　②by accident　③accidentally
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The new theatre is specially designed the disabled.
②Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or
design？
③Our company employed an Italian （design） to create
new dress styles.
④Paper cuttings of special （design） are put up to celebrate
the Spring Festival.
for　
by　
designer　
designs　
【寫美】　句式升級
⑤The project， which was designed to help the students in need，
didn’t work out as planned.
→The project， ， didn’t work
out as planned.（動詞-ed短語作后置定語）
designed to help the students in need　
look through 瀏覽；快速查看
【教材原句】　You can look through these articles to find advice on
your problem.
你可以瀏覽這些文章來找出關于你的問題的建議。
look around　環視；參觀
look after　　照顧
look back （on）　　回憶；回顧
look down on/upon　　輕視；看不起
look forward to　　期待；盼望
look into　　調查
look up　　向上看；查閱
look out （for）　　當心；注意察看
【用法】
【佳句】　I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find the
contract.
我翻閱了我所有的文件，但是我仍然找不到那份合同。
【練透】　用look的相關短語填空
①The kid is being taken to the zoo this weekend.
②I often the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the
Internet.
③John’s mother told him to his younger brother.
looking forward to　
look up　
look after　
【寫美】　完成句子
④Because ， their eyes are very different
from a mammal.
因為魚能透過水看東西，它們的眼睛與哺乳動物非常不同。
fish look through water　
likely adj.可能的，預料的，有希望的
【教材原句】　It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on
our forum.
這個問題很可能在我們論壇上已經討論過了。
【用法】
（1）sb be likely to do sth　　某人可能做某事
It is likely that ...　　可能……
（2）unlikely adj.　　不大可能的
be unlikely to ...　　不可能……
【佳句】　In fact， women are less likely to have high blood pressure or
to die from heart attacks.
事實上，女性患有高血壓或死于心臟病的可能性較小。
【用準】　（1）likely可用于“It is likely that ...”和“sb/sth be
likely to do sth”句型中，但不用于“It is likely for sb/sth to do sth”句
型中。
（2）likely的近義詞為probable和possible，但probable和possible一般
用it作形式主語，不能用人或物作主語。
①The price is likely （go） down because of the
competition.
②I have learned that Mr Brown disagrees with you.Your suggestion
is （like） to be accepted under present condition.
to go　
unlikely　
【練透】　單句語法填空
【寫美】　同義句轉換
③If you grow up in a large family， you are more likely to develop
the ability to get on well with others.
→If you grow up in a large family， you
develop the ability to get on well with others.
④It is likely that he will be busy tomorrow because of the coming
exam.
→He tomorrow because of the coming
exam.
it is more likely that　
is likely to be busy　
cheer up （使）變得高興，振奮起來
【教材原句】　Cheer up， Teresa.They’ll understand and everything
will turn out all right！
振奮起來，特蕾薩。他們會明白一切都會好起來的！
（1）cheer vi.& vt.　 　　歡呼，喝彩，加油
n.　　歡呼聲，喝彩聲
cheer sb on＝cheer on sb　　為某人加油；使某人振作起來
cheer for　　為……而歡呼
（2）cheerful adj.　　高興的；興高采烈的
（3）Cheers！　　干杯！
【用法】
【佳句】　Upon arriving at the classroom，the author was cheered up
by a warm welcome.
一走進教室，那位作者就因熱烈的歡迎而高興起來。
I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely！
我真心希望她能振作起來，勇敢地接受生活的挑戰。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I do hope she can cheer and rebuild her confidence.
②This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s
most （cheer） holiday scenes.
up　
cheerful　
【寫美】　完成句子
③When I’m feeling sad， my mother often tells me funny stories
to .
當我感到難過時，我的媽媽經常給我講有趣的故事使我高興起來。
cheer me up　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
單句語法填空。
1. She likes bread and milk， she doesn’t like eggs at all.
2. They must be taken away from the heat of the fire， they might
get burnt.
3. The problem is difficult that most students can’t work it out.
4. Two weeks went by， our exchange activities ended.
but　
or　
so　
and
5. Ancient China was a place states were often at war with
each other.
6. you’re interested in the position， please email me.
7. Neither did the naughty boy go home did his parents come to
search for him.
8. It is likely you can easily fall ill if you keep smoking.
where　
If　
nor
that　
維度二：語法與寫作
請用合適的連詞把每組句子合并為一個句子。
1. He was tired after climbing the mountain.He went to bed.
→He was tired after climbing the mountain， he went to bed.
2. The child hid behind his mother’s skirt.He was afraid of the dog.
→The child hid behind his mother’s skirt， he was afraid of
the dog.
3. He made a promise that he would see me.He didn’t keep it.
→He made a promise that he would see me， he didn’t keep
it.
so　
for　
but　
4. He has found out.She was late for school yesterday.
→He has found out she was late for school yesterday.
5. I still remember the day.I first went to York on that day.
→I still remember the day I first went to York.
6. This is the place. My grandparents lived there.
→This is the place my grandparents lived.
7. The doctor was tired. He went on working.
→ the doctor was tired， he went on
working.
8. We won’t go to his party. He invites us.
→We won’t go to his party he invites us.
why/that　
when　
where　
Although/Though/While　
unless　
維度三：語法與語篇
根據漢語提示，完成下面的語段。
Dear friends，
It is common that some students would eat snacks instead of meals
1. （當該到吃飯的時候）.Now I suggest
2. （你養成一個健康的飲食習
慣）.
when it is mealtime　
that you form a healthy eating habit　
For us students， eating healthy food is of great importance
3. （因為我們需要足夠的能量） to
keep our body functioning well.You will be ill and unhealthy 4.
（除非你經常吃健康的食物）.Let’s
have a healthy diet from now on.5.
（只要你聽從我的建議）， you will grow up healthily and
happily.
　Yours sincerely，
　Li Hua
because we need enough energy　
unless
you eat healthy food regularly　
As/So long as you follow my
advice　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Today I took my two kids to a museum， along with my guide
dog.I’ve got tunnel vision — that means I can see fine in the middle，
read normal print， and create all the photos and toys for ToyLikeMe （a
company that encourages toy companies to produce more toys that
represent people with disabilities）， but I cannot see my feet when I
walk， nor people as they come near my sides.
A museum attendant in her late 60s said to me， “Lovely dog， are
you training her？”
“No，” I replied with a smile.“She works for me.”
“Oh，”said the lady.“I thought you were the trainer.You don’t
look blind.”
Outside the sun was shining and my seven-year-old son， who had
overheard this exchange， turned and said to me， “That lady thinks all
blind people close their eyes and wear dark glasses.Why can’t a blind
person look like you？”
“It’s called ignorance （無知），” I said gently， “when
somebody doesn’t really know much about something.”
“They must have taught her wrong at school，” he said.“Back
then they treated blind people badly and said they all had to look one
way.She’s stuck in the dark ages.”
This isn’t the first time someone has said to me “You don’t look
blind”.It won’t be the last.
So what does blind look like？ Why do we expect “blind people”
to look a certain way？ The answer is “stereotyping （刻板印
象）”.The media and toys and books have stereotyped blind people for
hundreds of years.They still do.They create a simple image （形象），
usually of someone looking poor， lost and unable to see anything at all.
It’s time to teach children that blind and partially sighted （弱視
的） people， just like the rest of the human race， come with a million
different looks， so they don’t look so surprised when they come across
anything other than a stereotype！ Let’s tell the kids of today！ Oh
yes， princesses can be blind， and Genies too！ You can get blind
Rainbow Dashes and partially sighted Potatoes.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己的經歷，呼
吁社會應該教育孩子們打破對盲人的刻板印象。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己的經歷，呼
吁社會應該教育孩子們打破對盲人的刻板印象。
1. What happened to the author today？
A. She found her sight completely lost.
B. She bought new toys for her two kids.
C. She was mistaken for a normal person.
D. She let her guide dog help a stranger.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，作者患有視野狹
窄。再結合第二至四段中作者與那位女士的對話可知，那位女士沒
有看出來作者是盲人。
2. What did the author’s son think of the old lady？
A. She was out of date. B. She was quite gentle.
C. She was too impolite. D. She was very careful.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第五段中作者的兒子所說的That lady
thinks all blind people close their eyes and wear dark glasses.Why
can’t a blind person look like you？和第七段中他所說的They must
have taught her wrong at school可推測，他認為那位女士思想陳舊。
3. How did the author feel when she heard what the old lady said？
A. Safe. B. Calm.
C. Nervous. D. Surprised.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第八段內容可知，這不是作者第一次
聽到別人說她不像是盲人。由此可推斷，當她聽到那位女士說她不
像盲人時，她表現得很平靜。
4. What does the author think is necessary？
A. Putting yourself in blind people’s shoes.
B. Learning to have respect for blind people.
C. Changing the fixed idea about blind people.
D. Giving a helping hand to blind people whenever needed.
解析： 　推理判斷題。作者在倒數第二段中指出大眾對盲人有刻
板印象，認為盲人只有一種類型。再根據最后一段內容可知，她認
為有必要教孩子們改變對盲人的固有印象，告訴他們盲人和弱視者
也有不同的類型。
B
　　Researchers from the University of Western Australia recently studied
3，000 middle and high school students.Among them were 618 teenagers
with one parent who lived away from home for long periods of time
because of work.The researchers wanted to know how the work of these
“fly-in， fly-out” parents might influence the health of their children.
A higher percentage （比例） of teenagers who experienced the long
work absence of a parent had emotional or behavioural problems compared
with those whose parents worked more traditional hours.This supports
earlier research finding high percentages of emotional problems in
teenagers who often returned to an empty house after school or whose
parents were seldom at dinner.
Findings also suggest that parents don’t have to be home all the time
to be present in their children’s lives， but it helps to be home at certain
times.And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like
a potted （盆栽的） plant.
Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways
to be present without trying to start a conversation.One friend of mine
quietly does housework each evening in the sitting room where her
teenagers watch TV. They enjoy each other’s company without the need
to talk.Another friend usually accepts his daughter’s invitation to work
or read nearby while she is sitting and doing her homework.Perhaps，
that， at least for some families， is the best way for a teenager and his or
her parents to stay close.
In fact， many years of research suggests that children regard their
parents as a safe base from which to explore the world.Studies tell us that
young children quietly follow their parents’ movements from room to
room， even while going on with their own activities.Perhaps our teens，
like babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still around.They
don’t want to stay away from parents who allow them freedom.
A new school year is at hand， so as parents we could offer our
teenagers a “potted plant”， as a gift， whose quiet and steady presence
will give them a great day.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發現，父母長時間不在身邊的
青少年有情緒或者行為問題的比例更高。研究結果還表明，父母不
必一直在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的時間待在家里會對孩子的成長
有所幫助。作者鼓勵父母給青少年提供安靜和穩定的陪伴。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發現，父母長時間不在身邊的
青少年有情緒或者行為問題的比例更高。研究結果還表明，父母不
必一直在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的時間待在家里會對孩子的成長
有所幫助。作者鼓勵父母給青少年提供安靜和穩定的陪伴。
5. What did the study find about the 618 teens？
A. They had more dinners with their parents.
B. They were more prepared to help themselves.
C. They showed more dislike for traditional working hours.
D. They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第二段首句可知，618名單親青少年
由于父母工作的原因，長期遠離父母生活，他們有情緒或者行為問
題的比例更高，即他們更有可能在感情方面出現問題。
6. What is the author’s attitude to her two friends’ behaviour？
A. She doubts them.
B. She supports them.
C. She is worried about them.
D. She cares little about them.
解析： 　觀點態度題。根據第四段內容，尤其是最后一句可知，
作者認為對一些家庭而言，父母與孩子待在一起，安靜地陪伴對方
就是最好的親子相處的方式。由此可推知，作者對于兩位朋友的行
為是支持的。
7. What does earlier research say about young kids according to
Paragraph 5？
A. They want their parents’ presence.
B. They want their parents to be safe.
C. They want more freedom from parents.
D. They show more interest in new activities.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第五段首句及Perhaps our teens， like
babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still around.可知，早
期的研究表明，孩子們希望他們的父母在場。
8. Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A. Teens Want Potted Plant Parents
B. Your Kids Still Need Protection
C. Quiet Families Raise Healthier Teenagers
D. Parents Know Little About Today’s Teenagers
解析： 　標題歸納題。根據第三段并結合全文內容可知，研究發
現，父母長時間不在身邊的青少年有情緒或者行為問題的比例更
高。研究結果還表明，父母不必一直在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的
時間待在家里會對孩子的成長有所幫助。因此，作者鼓勵父母給青
少年提供安靜和穩定的陪伴，就如陪護盆栽一般。A項（青少年需
要盆栽植物陪護式的父母）符合主旨，適合作為文章的標題。
C
　　“Can we eat this one， Dad？” my four-year-old daughter，
Alicia， asks.We’re on one of our Thursday adventures， searching the
nearby woods for eatable mushrooms.She’s pointing at a bright-red cap
covered with white dots.I pull out my handy mushroom-identification
app， which notes that Amanita muscaria， while eatable if prepared
properly， is also a known hallucinogen （致幻劑）.I have a firm “tell
them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what
the app says， and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready
to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding，
but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point
in my life.
Last year， after a winter of practising skiing on the green tracks for
beginners each week， Alicia was french-frying （when your skis are
positioned parellel to each other） her way down blues and even attempted
her first black.That winter also witnessed me getting out on the mountain
more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner
for life.
It’s not all easy — but sometimes that’s the point.Alicia practises
the violin every day， and although she enjoys it， even 15 minutes of
practice can upset her.The trick， I’ve found， is to let her watch me try
to get better at something， too.I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old
with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practise and then
improve， she’ll understand that things don’t come easy， even for
grown-ups.I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the
sidelines cheering her on as she finds her own passions.I’m okay with
this， and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and
knowledge through life.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在陪伴女兒不斷嘗試學習各種
技能的同時，自己也得到了成長，作者希望女兒能夠明白沒有什么
事是可以輕易做到的，即使對成年人來說也是如此。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在陪伴女兒不斷嘗試學習各種
技能的同時，自己也得到了成長，作者希望女兒能夠明白沒有什么
事是可以輕易做到的，即使對成年人來說也是如此。
9. What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for
life” in Paragraph 3？
A. It is rewarding to learn new skills.
B. Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C. He will explore more with his daughter.
D. His daughter will accompany him forever.
解析： 　句意理解題。根據第二段內容以及畫線部分前的That
winter also witnessed me getting out on the mountain more times than
in the 15 years combined可知，在女兒學習新技能的時候，作者一
直陪伴著女兒，所以作者說找到了一生的搭檔的意思是“他將和女
兒一起探索更多新事物”。
10. Why does the father start learning to play the piano？
A. To prove it is never too old to learn.
B. To set a good example for his daughter.
C. To experience the joy of piano practice.
D. To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的I start taking piano
lessons at 41 years old ...she’ll understand that things don’t come
easy， even for grown-ups.可知，作者開始學彈鋼琴是為了給女兒
樹立一個好榜樣。
11. Which of the following can best describe the father？
A. Rigid and humorous.
B. Cautious and inspiring.
C. Creative and thoughtful.
D. Ambitious and patient.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知，作者在女兒問他
一種名為毒蠅傘的毒菇是否可食用時，作者查找識別軟件，并認
為不能食用這種蘑菇，說明作者是一個謹慎的人；根據最后一段
可知，作者開始學彈鋼琴是為了給女兒樹立一個好榜樣，說明他
是一個能鼓舞人心的人。
12. Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A. The Thrill of Rediscovering Adventure
B. Practice Makes Perfect
C. Like Father， Like Daughter
D. The Power of Knowledge
解析： 　標題歸納題。第一段講述作者和女兒一起歷險去采蘑
菇，第二段作者表明在看到自己的孩子學習新技能的同時，自己
也有了成長，第三、四段又分別講述了陪女兒滑雪和學琴的事，
由此可知，本文講述了作者在女兒不斷地嘗試學習各種技能的同
時，自己也重新發現了冒險，使自己也得到成長。所以A項（重
新發現冒險帶來的興奮感）為文章合適的標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　If you’ve ever felt like you can’t do anything right， you might
think you’re the only one who has experienced that feeling. 　13　
Fortunately， there are ways to cope with it.
　14　 When you’re feeling like you can’t do anything right，
take a moment and just let yourself feel that.Once you’re feeling a little
calmer， try to search deeper into where the feeling is coming from.This
can lead you to understand if there is a large issue that you need to deal
with.
Practice self-care.Self-care is a great stress reliever. 　15　 It is
anything you do for yourself that makes you feel good.It can be physical，
like taking a bath， or emotional， like lying down and listening to
relaxing music.
Do a good deed.Acts of kindness towards others aid our emotional
well-being， and when you’re feeling more positive， chances are
you’ll realize you do plenty of things in life right.Additionally， a kind
act is also something you did right！ 　16　
Take a break. 　17　 That’s because we all need breaks and we all
benefit from taking them！Taking a break reduces stress， makes us more
productive overall and clears our heads.When you’re feeling like you
can’t do anything right， just pause， and ask yourself if you’d like to
take a few minutes off， and see where that leads you.
A. Let yourself feel this way.
B. Get past a feeling and fight with it.
C. It’s not a failure in life if you just need one.
D. It also helps you feel more positive about yourself.
E. And most of us do not share this feeling with others.
F. The truth， though， is that it’s perfectly common to feel this way.
G. Everyone wins when you practice being charitable towards other
people.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。每個人都有認為自己遇事不順的時
候，該如何消除這種壞情緒呢？本文介紹了幾種方法。
13. F　根據上下文可知，此處與上文形成轉折，同時引起下文。由此
可知，F項能夠承上啟下，符合語境。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。每個人都有認為自己遇事不順的時
候，該如何消除這種壞情緒呢？本文介紹了幾種方法。
14. A　此處是本段的主旨句。根據下文可知，本段主要講述讓自己
感覺一下自己什么都做不好的感覺。由此可知，A項總括下文，符合
語境。
15. D　根據上文Practice self-care.Self-care is a great stress reliever.可
知，此處在講述自我照顧的好處。由此可知，D項與上文是遞進關
系，符合語境。
16. G　本段的主旨句是做好事，上文講述了做好事的益處。由此可
知，G項符合本段主旨，其中charitable是關鍵詞，呼應上文講述的做
好事。
17. C　根據段落主旨句Take a break.可知，本段介紹休息的作用。C
項中的one指代空前一句中的a break，下文That’s because ...解釋了
我們休息一下不是失敗的原因。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Are parents rational （理性的） about their children？ No.Parents
aren’t rational because 　18　 isn’t rational.Young people can
understand this about romantic love， but they find it 　19　 to accept
this part in parental love.
My eldest daughter’s 　20　 the other day brought this up.“Let
me ask you something， Dad，” she began to control 　21　 patiently
that every experienced parent knows.
“I sailed around the Mediterranean when I was seventeen，” she
said.“I hiked through the Pyrenees.I’ve done rock climbing and deep-
sea diving and slept in rainforests.Right？”
“Right，” I said “So what？”
“So this，” she went on.“When I go to the corner drugstore to
pick up some shampoo， why do you always tell me to be 　22　 when I
cross the street？”
There is no satisfactory 　23　 a parent can give to this.
All I could say in reply was that when I was 50， my mother
would 　24　 me not to drive too fast.If I were 80 and she were still
alive， I would be getting the 　25　 warning.No matter what the age，
a child is a child.
There is something else， too， that children find it hard to
understand.When they are far away， there is nothing we can do about
their 　26　.Parents try not to 　27　 about it.
But when the children are close， the old protective urge
quickly 　28　， and it doesn’t 　29　 how far they have been or what
experiences they have got through.
Most 　30　 happen round the corner， not in the rainforest.The
most instinctive （本能的） act of almost every creature is to 　31　 its
young， and this reaction stays for a lifetime.
In the parents’ mind， a child ages but does not 　32　.Rational？
No.But if we were rational， would we want children at all？
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。父母對孩子的愛是理性的嗎？當然
不是。雖然孩子會慢慢長大，但在父母眼中，孩子永遠是孩子，永
遠都長不大。
18. A. worry B. fear C. love D. need
解析： 　根據下文的romantic love和parental love可知，此處是指
“愛”不是理性的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。父母對孩子的愛是理性的嗎？當然
不是。雖然孩子會慢慢長大，但在父母眼中，孩子永遠是孩子，永
遠都長不大。
19. A. easy B. friendly
C. hard D. important
解析： 　but前后兩個分句之間是轉折關系，所以該空表達的意
思要與can understand意義相反，hard to accept符合語境。
20. A. problem B. explanation
C. warning D. question
解析： 　根據下文可知，作者的女兒問了個問題。
21. A. anger B. pride
C. anxiety D. surprise
解析： 　根據下文可知，作者的女兒進行過多次探險，也去過
外地旅游，但是作者還是讓她過馬路的時候要小心，她覺得沒有
必要，所以有些生氣。
22. A. careful B. brave
C. quick D. helpful
解析：　根據語境可知，作者讓女兒過馬路的時候小心一些。
23. A. solution B. answer
C. conclusion D. present
解析： 　上文是作者女兒問的問題，所以此處表示，對于這樣
的問題，父母給不出令人滿意的答案。
24. A. select B. remind
C. insist D. expect
解析： 　根據下文的warning可知，此處指當作者50歲的時候，
他的母親還是會提醒他車不要開得太快。select選擇；remind提
醒；insist堅持；expect期待；預料。
25. A. different B. extra
C. same D. right
解析： 　根據語境可知，此處指如果作者80歲了而他的母親還
活著，他會得到同樣的警告。
26. A. success B. happiness
C. luck D. safety
解析： 　孩子在離家很遠的地方時，父母所擔心的肯定是他
們的安全。根據下一段中的the old protective urge也可以推斷
出答案。
27. A. argue B. think
C. forget D. complain
解析： 　根據上文可知，當孩子不在父母身邊時，父母對孩子
的安全問題無能為力，就盡力不去想這件事了。
28. A. comes back B. pays back
C. looks back D. goes back
解析： 　此處表示但是當孩子離得近的時候，這種原先的保護
的沖動很快又出現了。come back重新出現。
29. A. prove B. mean C. matter D. mind
解析：C　根據語境可知，此處指無論他們走了多遠或經歷過什
么都沒關系。matter在此處作動詞，意為“有關系；重要”。
30. A. accidents B. failures
C. changes D. mistakes
解析： 　根據上文作者的女兒去過很多地方探險，但作者還是
提醒她過馬路時要小心可知，作者認為大多數事故就發生在身
邊，而不是在雨林里。accident事故。
31. A. tolerate B. protect
C. devote D. treat
解析： 　根據上文中的the old protective urge可知，此處指生物
保護幼小的本能。
32. A. stop B. compete
C. grow D. leave
解析： 　在父母的思想里，孩子的年齡會增長，但是孩子并沒
有長大。根據第七段最后一句可知，無論孩子多大，在父母眼里
都是沒長大的孩子。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Nowadays， more and more parents pay great attention to their
children.However， we find 　33　 common that parents and children
lack communication.
More than one reason contributes 　34　 the problem.
To begin with， the reason why parents spend 　35　 （little） time
with their children is that the heavier social pressure often makes
children 　36　 （ignore） by them.The second， although parents want
to talk with their children， some of them don’t know much about the
skills in communication or the necessary knowledge of education， which
will have a big effect 　37　 communication.However， the most
important reason may be the 　38　 （tradition） ideas of authority （權
威） most parents have.Thus， when 　39　 （face） the children，
parents are not 　40　 （like） to communicate with them as friends.
To sum up， the solution concerning the problem 　41　 （be） to
diminish （縮小） the gap between parents and children.Therefore， in
order to make a better atmosphere 　42　 the children grow up， the
parents should ensure the stability （穩定） of the family and act as good
friends to the children.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了父母和孩子之間缺
乏溝通的原因和解決辦法。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了父母和孩子之間缺
乏溝通的原因和解決辦法。
33. it　考查代詞。此處為“動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋that從句”結
構，that引導賓語從句，作find的真正賓語，設空處應用it作形式賓
語。故填it。
34. to　考查介詞。contribute to是固定短語，意為“導致”。故填
to。
35. less　考查形容詞的比較級。根據空后的heavier social pressure可
知，父母面對的社會壓力更大了，因此和孩子們一起度過的時間更少
了，設空處含有比較的意思。故填less。
36. ignored　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為“make＋
賓語＋賓語補足語”結構，根據語境和空后的by them可知，children
和ignore之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，應用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故
填ignored。
37. on　考查介詞。have a big effect on sth為固定用法，意為“對某事
物產生很大的影響”。故填on。
38. traditional　考查詞形轉換。 設空處修飾名詞ideas，應用形容詞，
故填traditional。
39. facing　考查省略句。when引導的時間狀語從句中的主語和主句
的主語保持一致，且從句的謂語中有be動詞時，可省略從句中的主語
和be動詞，此處parents和face之間為主謂關系，應用動詞-ing形式。故
填facing。
40. likely　考查詞形轉換。be likely to do sth是固定用法，意為“可能
做某事”。故填likely。
41. is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，設空處在
句中作謂語。根據語境可知，此處表示客觀情況，應用一般現在時；
句子的主語為the solution， concerning the problem為后置定語修飾
solution，主語為單數概念，謂語應用單數形式。故填is。
42. where　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，在從句中作狀語，
且先行詞atmosphere表示抽象地點，因此設空處用關系副詞where。故
填where。
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