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職教英語復習拓展模塊Unit 8 Making a Career Plan課件

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職教英語復習拓展模塊Unit 8 Making a Career Plan課件

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(共150張PPT)
Unit 8 Making a Career Plan
拓展模塊
  本單元在職教高考考試中考查的重點是狀語從句的結構特點、意義和語用功能,同時結合句型、短語辨析命制題目,題目難度適中,在一輪復習中要能夠運用所學知識解決本單元的重難點、疑難點、易錯易混點,這些內容將是命題的方向,同時要夯實基礎知識,對于要求掌握的單詞和詞組,一定要搞懂搞透,為提高閱讀能力打下堅實的基礎。
[速記后做詞匯默寫本及時鞏固]
Ⅰ.記重點單詞
1.quiz n.小測驗
2.advisor n.顧問
3.trustworthy adj.值得信任的 
4.appointment n.預約
5.diploma n.文憑
6.artistic adj.藝術的;有藝術天賦的
7.challenging adj.挑戰性的 
8.fulfilled adj.感到滿足的
9.firm n.公司
10.copywriter n.文案撰稿人
11.nursing n.護理;看護
12.temper n.情緒;脾氣
13.personality n.性格;人格 
14.romantic adj.浪漫的
15.social adj.社交的;社會的
16.routine adj.日常的;乏味的
17.superior n.& adj.上級(的)
18.sour adj.酸的;悶悶不樂的
19.tight adj.密集的;緊的 
20.goal n.目標
Ⅱ.記重點詞組
1.clear about 清楚
2.make up one’s mind 做出決定
3.go after 追求;謀求 
4.cloud computing 云計算
5.work experience 工作經歷/經驗
6.quit one’s job 辭職
7.make an appointment with sb.與……預約
8.team spirit 團隊精神
9.make a contribution to 為……做出貢獻  
10.prepare for 為……做準備
Ⅲ.記重點句子
1.You did a good job in your interview.
你在面試中做得很好。
2.I’ll put what I’ve learned at school into practice and gain as much experience as possible.
我將把學校學到的東西付諸實踐并盡可能地獲得經驗。
3.Never stop learning and don’t give up.
永遠不要停止學習,不要放棄。
4.This is why you need to know about career planning.
這就是你需要了解職業規劃的原因。
5.No matter what decision you make,find your true passion and stick to it.無論你做什么決定,找到你真正的熱情,并堅持下去。
1.interview n./v.面試,面談;采訪,訪問
【教材原文】You did a good job in your interview.
你在面試中做得很好。
重點單詞
【知識拓展】
(1)n.接見;采訪;面試;會談
The interview went well.面試很順利。
(2)vt.& vi.面試
She’ll interview all tomorrow.
明天一整天她都要面試。
(3)vt.采訪;訪問;會見;(私下)提問
We interviewed 30 people for the job yesterday.
我們昨天面試了30個求職者。
(4)interviewer n.采訪者,面試官,接見者
interviewee n.被采訪者,接受面試者,受接見者
典例剖析1
(  )When are you going to have a job ________
A.impression
B.interview
C.importance
D.inconvenience
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查名詞詞義辨析。
  【解析】 A項impression印象;B項interview面試,采訪;C項importance 重要;D項inconvenience不方便。句意:你什么時候參加工作面試 job interview 求職面試,故選B。
變式訓練1
(  )(原創)As a journalist,I ________a successful businessman last week.
A.invested  B.interviewed
C.influenced  D.inspired
B
【試題分析】 本題考查動詞詞義辨析。
【解析】 句意:作為一名記者,上周我采訪了一位成功的商人。A項invested 投資;B項interviewed 采訪;C項influenced 影響;D項inspired激勵。故選B。
語境填詞1
My roommate went for a/an___________and was chosen for the manager’s job.
interview
2.experience n.經驗,經歷 v.經歷
【教材原文】I’ ll put what I’ve learned at school into practice and gain as much experience as possible.我將把在學校學到的東西付諸實踐,并盡可能地積累經驗。
【知識拓展】
(1)經歷,是可數名詞。
This film is based on his true experience.這部電影是根據他的真實經歷改編的。
(2)經驗,是不可數名詞。
I’m a teacher with 18 years’ experience.我是一個有18年經驗的教師。
(3)詞根詞綴:ex-出+-peri-試驗,嘗試+-ence→通過試驗或嘗試得出來的東西
v.感受,體驗,體會
According to the law,all children must experience a nearby school to receive education.根據法律,所有孩子都必須在附近學校接受教育。
(4)常用短語:
have experience in 有……的經驗
be experienced in/at 在……方面有經驗
典例剖析2
(  )Mr.Wu has a lot of________,who has his own ways to make classes lively and interesting.
A.export  B.experience
C.environment  D.employee
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查名詞詞義。
  【解析】 句意:武老師有許多經驗,他有自己的方法讓課堂生動有趣。A項export 出口;B項experience 經驗,經歷;C項environment 環境;D項employee雇員,員工,故選B。
變式訓練2
(  )My mother is a teacher with much teaching________.She often tells her students many of her interesting travel ________ in China.
A.experience;experience
B.experiences;experience
C.experience;experiences
D.experiences;experiences
C
【試題分析】 本題考查名詞可數不可數。
【解析】 句意:我的母親是一位經驗豐富的老師。她經常和她的學生說她在中國有趣的旅游經歷。故選C。
語境填詞2
Working on the farm is an important ___________for him.
experience
3.senior adj 高級的
【教材原文】I’ll try my best to become a senior designer.我將盡我最大努力成為一個高級設計師。
【知識拓展】
(1)adj 級別或地位高的,成人的,高級水平的;老,大。older/advanced/high
Many senior citizens have been through two world wars.(用作形容詞)
很多年長的公民都經歷了兩次世界大戰。
(2)n.較……年長的人,級別或地位較高者,上級,上司,資深成人運動員,高水平運動員。復數:seniors.
This is a senior of the profession.(用作名詞)
這是一位同行中的老前輩。
(3)常與以下詞性連用
①名詞:senior student 高年級的學生;the village senior 村子里的年長者
②介詞:senior in office 職位較高的;the senior of profession 同行中的前輩
(4)常用短語:be senior to sb.比某人年長;比某人級別高,其反義詞是junior
He’s three years senior to me.
=He’s senior to me by three years.
=He’s older than me by three years.
=He’s three years older than me.
他比我大三歲。
典例剖析3
(  )Study hard,and you will get into a good ________high school.
A.junior  B.young
C.old  D.senior
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。
  【解析】 句意:努力學習,你就會進入一所好的高中。A項junior初級的;B項young 年輕的;C項 old老的;D項 senior高級的。故選D。
變式訓練3
(  )He is________me,because he entered the school earlier than me.
A.junior  B.junior to
C.senior  D.senior to
D
【試題分析】 本題考查名詞可數不可數。
【解析】 句意:他比我資格老,因為他入學比我早。be senior to sb.比某人年長;比某人級別高。junior是初級的,年輕的。故選D。
語境填詞3
She is five years older than me.=She is five years__________ me.
senior to
4.graduate v.畢業
【教材原文】 They will graduate from a vocational school this year.他們今年將從職業學校畢業。
【知識拓展】
(1)v.畢業
The vocational school will graduate 5000 students this year.今年這所職業學校將有5000名學生畢業。
(2)n.畢業生
Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find jobs.
畢業生感到找工作越來越難。
典例剖析4
(  )My brother will ________the university and work as a teacher in a senior high school this July.
A.try his best 
B.graduate from
C.make an appointment with
D.find out
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞詞組辨析。
  【解析】 句意:我哥哥今年七月將大學畢業,在一所高中當老師。A項try his best 盡力;B項graduate from畢業;C項make an appointment with 和……預約;D項find out弄清楚,弄明白。故選B。
變式訓練4
(  )It will be 5 months ________we graduate from school.
A.after  B.before
C.as  D.since
B
【試題分析】 本題考查連詞用法。
【解析】 句意:再過5個月,我們就畢業了。It will be+一段時間+before…再過……就。故選B。
語境填詞4
My first job was as a__________ trainee with a hospital.
我的第一份工作是在一家醫院做大學畢業實習生。
graduate
5.suggestion n.建議
【教材原文】Now,she is talking to Li Xin,an experienced nurse,for some suggestions.現在她正在向一位經驗豐富的護士李欣尋求建議。
【知識拓展】
(1)suggestion n.可數;同義詞 advice 不可數。
Can you give me some suggestions/advice about English learning 你能給我一些英語學習的建議嗎
(2)suggest v.建議 后跟doing 或從句。
l suggest asking her advice.我建議問一下她的想法。
I suggest putting off the meeting.我建議將會議延期。
I suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.我建議他去向老師道歉。
(3)有“暗示、表明”的意思,其主語往往是事物,而不是人。
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry.
他臉上的表情表明他很生氣。
典例剖析5
(  )He suggests that we ________to see the film.
A.go  B.should go
C.goes  D.A&B
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞suggest后跟賓語從句用法。
  【解析】 句意:他建議我們去看電影。suggest“建議”后跟賓語從句,從句中謂語動詞用should do,其中should可以省略。故選D。
變式訓練5
(  )The smile on the manager’s face________ that he was satisfied with our work.
A.suggested  B.suggests
C.suggestion  D.suggest
A
【試題分析】 本題考查suggest用法。
【解析】 句意:經理臉上的笑容表明他滿意我們的工作。后面was satisfied with表明時態是過去式,在這里suggest是表明的意思,也要用過去式。故選A。
6.temper n.脾氣
【教材原文】People choose the wrong careers for different reasons,but they may all come home every day with the same long face and sour temper.人們出于不同的原因選擇了錯誤的職業,但他們可能每天帶著同樣的愁眉苦臉和壞脾氣回家。
【知識拓展】
常用短語
(1)lose one’s temper (with sb.)和某人發脾氣
She lost her temper with a student and shouted at him.
她對一個學生發了脾氣,沖著人家大喊大叫。
(2)keep/control one’s temper 忍住脾氣
I think you should learn to keep your temper.
我認為,你應該學會控制住脾氣。
(3)be in a good/bad temper好/壞脾氣
I was in a bad temper last night.
昨晚我心情不好。
典例剖析6
(  )I’m sorry,I shouldn’t have________.
A.kept my temper
B.lost my temper
C.in a good mood
D.in a bad mood
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查與temper有關的短語。
  【解析】 句意:對不起,我不該發脾氣。前面有I’m sorry,已經表示對不起了,所以后面是為自己發脾氣道歉。A項kept my temper 忍住脾氣;B項 lost my temper發脾氣;C項in a good mood心情好;D項in a bad mood心情不好,故選B。
變式訓練6
(  )He couldn’t ________and shouted at his roommate angrily.
A.lose his temper
B.keep his temper
C.kept his temper
D.lost his temper
B
【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語及時態。
【解析】 句意:他不能控制自己的脾氣,生氣地對他的室友大喊。A項lose his temper發脾氣;B項keep his temper 忍住脾氣。由于句中有情態動詞couldn’t 其后要跟動詞原形,所以排除C、D。故選B。
語境填詞6
He__________________ when he saw the room was in such a mess.
當看到房間里一團糟時,他發火了。
lost his temper
7.consider v.考慮
【教材原文】Things to consider when making a decision.做決定時要考慮的事情。
【知識拓展】consider的四種用法
(1)consider“思考” “考慮”(=think about),后面可接名詞、代詞、動名詞;由 “how,what等+動詞不定式” 或者從句作賓語。注意:consider后面不能直接跟動詞不定式作賓語。
We must consider the plan carefully.我們必須仔細考慮這個計劃。
We are considering traveling to Mount Huang.我們正考慮去黃山旅行。
He has never considered how to solve the problem.他從未考慮如何解決那個問題。
(2)consider v.“考慮到” “顧及” “體諒”。這時其后用名詞或動名詞作賓語。
We should consider the feelings of other people.我們應該考慮他人的感情。
(3)①“認為” “以為” “覺得”(=be of the opinion,regard as),后面多接賓語從句,這時一般不接動名詞作賓語。
I consider that he is fit for the job.我認為他適合這份工作。
②consider作“認為”之意時,后面還可以接“賓語+賓補” 的結構,賓補多為動詞不定式 其結構主要是“to be+名詞/形容詞”,to be可以省略;有時也可以是其他不定式,不過 這種不定式多用完成時。
They consider Tom (to be) the cleverest boy in their class.他們認為湯姆是班里最聰明的男孩。
I consider her to have done wonderfully in the final exam.我認為她期末考試考得很好。
(4)固定結構“consider…as/to be+名詞/形容詞”多側重于表示經過思考“認為……是……”。
We considered the plan as unreasonable.我們認為這個計劃不合理。
典例剖析7
(  )They are considering________ the problem now.
A.to work out   B.work out
C.working out   D.worked out
  【答案】 C
  【試題分析】 本題考查consider的用法。
  【解析】 句意:他們現在正考慮解決這個問題。consider doing 考慮做某事。故選C。
變式訓練7
(  )We consider Messi ________the best football player nowadays.
A.to be  B.being
C.was   D.be
A
【試題分析】 本題考查動詞consider的用法。
【解析】 句意:我們認為梅西是當今最好的足球運動員。consider sb.to be…認為某人是……,故選A。
語境填詞7
We must________ what to do next.
我們必須考慮下一步要做什么。
consider
1.get familiar with
【教材原文】Get familiar with her job and do it carefully.熟悉她的工作并認真做好。
重點詞組
【知識拓展】
(1)get/be familiar with sth.為固定短語,意為“某人對某事物熟悉”。
Are you familiar with the app they use
你熟悉他們使用的應用軟件嗎
(2)be familiar with sth.的近義詞組:be familiar to sb.某事物為某人所熟悉。
The computer is familiar to me.
這臺電腦我很熟悉。
典例剖析1
(  )I am not familiar ________her book.
A.to   B.with
C.for    D.on
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查familiar的短語用法。
  【解析】 sb.be familiar with sth.某人對某事物熟悉。句意:我對她的這本書不熟悉。
變式訓練1
(  )(原創)We ________the teaching style of our English teacher.
A.is familiar with  B.is familiar to
C.are familiar with  D.was familiar with
C
【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語用法。
【解析】 句意:我們熟悉我們英語老師的教學風格。sb.be familiar with sth.某人對某事物熟悉。sth.be familiar to sb.某事物為某人所熟悉。題干中主語是we我們,所以謂語動詞應用復數are。故選C。
2.go after 追求,追趕;努力獲得或實現某事物,或追逐某人
【教材原文】Are you still wondering what kind of jobs you should go after 你還在為自己應該找什么樣的工作而煩惱嗎
【知識拓展】
(1)go after
I don’t go after fame or money.
我不追求名利。
Go after him!he is running away.
追上他!他要逃走了。
(2)與after相關的常用動詞短語
①look after照看,照顧
I need look after my grandmother tonight.今晚我需要去照顧我的奶奶。
②take after (在外表、舉止、性格方面)像(某家庭成員)
Do you take after your mother or father
你長得像你媽媽還是爸爸
③ask after問候;向……問好
You’d better call and ask after her.
你最好打電話向她問候一下。
鏈接真題
(  )(2021·安徽職教高考真題)When my parents go out,I have to ________my baby sister at home.
A.pick out  B.give away
C.come across  D.look after
D
【試題分析】 本題考查詞組的用法。
【解析】 A項pick out挑出,辨認出;B項give away 贈送,泄露;C項come across偶遇;D項look after照顧,結合句意,故選D。
典例剖析2
(  )A famous university is a great place for those who want to ________their dreams.
A.look after  B.take after
C.ask after  D.go after
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語辨析。
  【解析】 句意:對于那些追求夢想的人來說,名牌大學是個好地方。A項look after 照看,照顧;B項take after長得像;C項 ask after 問候;D項go after追求,追趕,故選D。
變式訓練2
(  )(原創)________the happiness you really want.
A.Look after  B.Take after
C.Ask after  D.Go after
D
【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語辨析。
【解析】 句意:追求你想要的幸福。A項Look after 照看,照顧;B項Take after長得像;C項Ask after 問候;D項Go after追求,追趕,故選D。
3.make an appointment with sb.與某人預約
【教材原文】Just come to the Student Affairs Office to make an appointment with one of our career advisors.到學生事務處來和我們的職業顧問預約吧。
【知識拓展】
(1)make an appointment with sb.與某人預約
May I make an appointment with Dr.Wang this afternoon
今天下午我可以與王醫生約個時間嗎
(2)appointment n.任命;約定;任命的職位
Mr.Li is to take up an appointment as a manager.
李先生將擔任經理的職務。
典例剖析3
(  )I ________to see a specialist last week.
A.make an appointment B.made an appointment
C.makes an appointment D.making an appointment
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞時態用法。
  【解析】 句意:上周我約好去見一位專家。last week是表示過去的時間狀語,應用一般過去式。故選B。
變式訓練3
(  )Whether you are arranging a date or a doctor ________,being on time is a must in our country.
A.agreement  B.movement
C.appointment  D.adjustment
C
【試題分析】 本題考查名詞辨析。
【解析】 句意:無論是安排約會還是預約醫生,在我們國家,準時都是必須的。A項agreement 同意;B項movement 移動;C項appointment 預定,約定;D項adjustment 調整,適應,故選C。
4.think of 想到,想起,考慮,思考
【教材原文】Think of what to do in the next 3 to 5 years.想想未來3到5年要做什么。
【知識拓展】
(1)思考,考慮;想起,記得;關心;想一想,想像;(常用于否定句,與 could,should,would 等連用)有……的想法(或看法),認為可能;對……有看法(或想法)
We need to think of ways to make money.我們需要想辦法掙錢。
(2)與think相關的常用短語:
think about=think over 仔細考慮
think out仔細思考;全面考慮
think through 充分考慮,想透
think up 想出,想到(主意,計劃)
典例剖析4
(  )What do you ________the movie
A.thought of  B.thinks of
C.think of  D.thinking of
  【答案】 C
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞用法。
  【解析】 句意:你認為這部電影怎么樣 What do you think of… =How do you find… 你認為……怎么樣
變式訓練4
(  )—What do you think of the soup
—Well,it ________delicious.
A.smells  B.looks
C.tastes  D.feels
C
【試題分析】 本題考查系動詞辨析。
【解析】 句意:——你認為這個湯,怎么樣 ——嗯,嘗起來美味。A項smells聞起來;B項looks 聽起來;C項tastes嘗起來;D項feels摸起來。故選C。
5.give up 放棄
【教材原文】Never stop learning and don’t give up.永遠不要停止學習,不要放棄。
【知識拓展】
(1)stop doing 停止正在做的事
stop to do 停止正在做的事,去做另一件事
I stopped reading the book when the telephone rang.
電話響時,我停止了讀書。
At the top of the mountain,we stopped to rest.在山頂,我們停下來去休息。
(2)stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事
prevent sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
(3)give up doing sth.放棄做某事
give in to sb.向某人屈服
give away捐贈,贈送,泄露
give out 發出,分發,用完,耗盡
典例剖析5
(  )At last,my father ________smoking.
A.gave in  B.gave up
C.gave away  D.gave out
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查動詞詞組辨析。
  【解析】 句意:最終,我的父親戒煙了。A項gave in 屈服;B項gave up 放棄;C項gave away 捐贈,贈送,泄露;D項gave out分發,用完。故選B。
1.Choosing the right career is important for leading a happy,successful and healthy life.選擇合適的職業對于過上幸福,成功和健康的生活很重要。
句子結構分析:此句為主系表結構。Choosing the right career這個動名詞短語在句中作主語,所以謂語動詞用單數is,lead a+adj.+life 過著……的生活。
重點句子
【知識拓展】
(1)動名詞短語作主語,謂語動詞用單數。Playing basketball is my favorite sport.打籃球是我最喜歡的運動。
(2)動詞不定式作主語,謂語動詞用單數。To climb the mountain is not easy for us.對我們來說爬這座山并不容易。
(3)lead a…life 過……的生活
They lead a quiet life.
他們過著平靜的生活。
lead to 通向,導致
All roads lead to Rome.條條道路通羅馬。
Eating too much can lead to health problem.
吃太多會引起健康問題。
典例剖析1
(  )Reading aloud________very important for us to learn a foreign language.
A.am  B.is
C.are  D.be
  【答案】 B
  【試題分析】 本題考查動名詞短語作主語。
  【解析】 句意:大聲朗讀對我們學習外語是非常重要的。本句中Reading aloud是動名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數。所以選is。故選B。
仿寫運用1(漢譯英)
1.玩火危險。
_____________________________________________________
2.他們每天過著快樂的生活。
_____________________________________________________
Playing with fire is dangerous.
They lead a happy life every day.
2.This is why you need to know about career planning.這就是你需要了解職業規劃的原因。
句子結構分析:本句是主系表結構,This是主語,is是謂語,why引導表語從句,在句中作原因狀語。
【知識拓展】
This is why:這是為什么,后接某事產生的結果。
This is because:那是因為,那是……的原因,后接某事發生的原因。
Tom overslept this morning.This is why he was late for school.
Tom was late for school.This is because he overslept this morning.
湯姆今天早晨睡過頭了。那是他上學遲到的原因。
典例剖析2
(  )My roommate went to bed very late last night,_______ he is sleeping now in class.
A.that is why  B.that is because
C.it is why  D.that is what
  【答案】 A
  【試題分析】 本題考查表語從句。
  【解析】 句意:我的室友昨天晚上睡得很晚,這就是他現在課堂上睡覺的原因。That is why后面跟結果,譯為:那是……的原因。而that is because 后跟原因,譯為:那是因為。故選A。
仿寫運用2(漢譯英)
她在期末考試中犯了幾個錯誤。這就是她今天看起來不高興的原因。
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
She made a few mistakes in the final exam.That is why she looks unhappy today.
3.When you make a career decision,what you should think about first is whether this is what you really want to do.做職業決定時,首先應該考慮的是這是不是你真正想要的。
句子結構分析:本句中When you make a career decision是時間狀語從句,what you should think about first是主語從句,is是這句話的謂語,whether this is what you really want to do是表語從句。在表語從句里,this是主語,is是謂語,what引導表語從句并在表語從句里做do的賓語。
【知識拓展】
(1)what只引導主從,賓從,表從,不能引導定從和同位從,即what前面不能有名詞。既起連接作用,又在從句中充當主、賓、表語的成分。即:what+不完整句子,做主從,賓從,表從。
(2)what連接代詞,必須代替從句中的主/賓/表語,意為“什么”。
I don’t know what to do。
how連接副詞,必須代替從句中的方式狀語,意為“如何,怎樣”。
I don’t know how to do it。
典例剖析3
(  )________ is most important in life isn’t money.
A.How  B.Where
C.That  D.What
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查What引導名詞性從句用法。
  【解析】 句意:人生最重要的不是錢。what引導主語從句,并在從句中作主語。本句中is前面缺主語,how,where不能作主語。That可以作主語,但沒有實際意義,只起到連接主語從句的作用,不能省略。所以選擇What,故選D。
仿寫運用3(漢譯英)
他已不是從前的他了。
_____________________________________________________
He is not what he used to be.
4.Actually,salary isn’t the most important thing you should consider when you choose a career.事實上,薪水并不是你選擇職業時,應該考慮的最重要的事情。
句子結構分析:本句中,salary是主語,isn’t 是謂語,the most important thing是表語,you should consider是定語從句,其先行詞是thing,when you choose a career是時間狀語從句。
【知識拓展】
that引導的定語從句:
(1)先行詞為all,few,little,much,the one,something,anything,everything,nothing等時。
We’ll do all that we can to protect the environment.
我們將盡我們的最大努力來保護環境。
(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,(a)few,(a)little,much等限定詞修飾時。
You can borrow any book that you want to read in our library.
在我們圖書館,你可以借任何你想讀的書。
(3)先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。
This is the most beautiful photo that I’ve ever seen.
這是我見過的最漂亮的照片。
(4)先行詞被the only,the very,the right,the last 等修飾時。
This is the only painting in this style that we have.
這種風格的畫我們僅有一幅。
(5)先行詞是并列結構,既有人又有物時。
He remembered the school and the teachers that he was familiar with.他想起了熟悉的學校和老師。
典例剖析4
(  )The man ________is sitting under the tree is my English teacher.
A.which  B.that
C.who  D.B&C
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
  【解析】 句意:站在樹下的那個人是我的英語老師。The man后面是定語從句,先行詞是the man,關系代詞可以用who,也可以用that,故選D。
鏈接真題
(  )1.(2022·安徽職教高考真題)The best thing about the website is that the design is simple,________makes it easy to use.
A.who  B.that 
C.as  D.which
D
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:這個網站最棒的地方是設計簡單,使用起來很方便。本題考查的是非限制性定語從句,指代前面的句子,故用which。
(  )2.(2022·安徽職教高考真題)Peter,________was my best friend in school,is now a famous mechanic.
A.which  B.as
C.what  D.who
D
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:Peter,在學校里曾是我最好的朋友,現在是一位有名的機修工。Peter是先行詞,指人,在非限制性定語從句中,故用who。
(  )3.(2021·安徽職教高考真題)Vincent van Gogh,________ was born in 1853,brought people happiness by creating beautiful paintings.
A.that  B.who
C.whom  D.which
B
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:出生于1853年的文森特·梵高通過創作美麗的畫作給人們帶來了幸福。Vincent van Gogh是先行詞,指人,在非限制性定語從句中,故用who。
(  )4.(2020·安徽職教高考真題)Li Hua,______is our sales manager,speaks English well.
A.as  B.which
C.who  D.one
C
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:李華是我們的銷售經理,英語說得很好。Li Hua是先行詞,指人,在非限制性定語從句中,故用who。
(  )5.(真題)The students think they have seen a film _______ they will never forget.
A.when  B.which
C.why  D.where
B
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:學生們認為他們看過一部他們永遠不會忘記的電影。film是先行詞,后面定語從句中forget缺賓語,故用which,that或不填,根據選項,故選B。
(  )6.(真題)Do you know the girl ________is singing on the stage
A.whom  B.which
C.as  D.who
D
【試題分析】 本題考查定語從句。
【解析】 句意:你認識正在臺上唱歌的那個女孩嗎 定語從句中少主語,先行詞是the girl,可以用who或that,根據選項,故選D。
仿寫運用4(漢譯英)
他就是我昨天見到的那個人。
_____________________________________________________
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.
5.No matter what decision you make,find your true passion and stick to it.無論做什么決定,找到你真正的熱情并堅持下去。
句子結構分析:此句中No matter what decision you make=Whatever decision you make做讓步狀語從句。
【知識拓展】
(1)no matter what只能引導讓步狀語從句,而whatever,不僅可以引導讓步狀語從句,也可以引導名詞性從句。
No matter what you say,I won’t believe you.無論你說什么我也不會相信的。
Whatever he did was right.
無論他做什么都是對的。
(2)stick to表示堅持、遵循某個規定、原則、計劃等。
If you stick to your dream,you will be successful.如果你堅持你的夢想,你就會成功。
He always sticks to the rules when playing games.他玩游戲時總是遵守規則。
She has to stick to her diet plan if she wants to lose weight.如果她想減肥,就必須堅持她的飲食計劃。
He stuck to his opinion even when someone disagreed with him.即使有人不同意,他仍然堅持自己的意見。
典例剖析5
(  )________difficulties we meet,we should never give up.
A.No matter what B.Whatever
C.However  D.A&B
  【答案】 D
  【試題分析】 本題考查讓步狀語從句。
  【解析】 句意:不管遇到什么困難,我們都不應該放棄。此句中Whatever=No matter what引導讓步狀語從句。故選D。
仿寫運用5(漢譯英)
無論發生什么,一定要相信你自己。
_____________________________________________________
No matter what/Whatever happens,do believe in yourself.
狀語從句
定義:在復合句中作狀語的從句。
功能:狀語從句在主從復合句中修飾主句中的動詞,形容詞或副詞,或整個主句。
分類:時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語從句。
位置:可放句首,也可放句末。放句首,從句后面常用逗號,放在句末時,從句前一般不用逗號。
考點:連接詞,語序,語氣,省略。
一、時間狀語從句
引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
1.基本類:before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,as soon as、etc.
It will be two weeks before he comes back.他要過兩個星期才會回來。
It is two years since my father smoked.我父親戒煙已經兩年了。
2.名詞類(由名詞詞組充當引導詞):the moment、the minute、the second、the instant、etc.(一……就……);every time、each time、the last time、the first time、etc.
I’ll tell him the minute (that) I get here.我一到這里就告訴他。
I started the very moment I received your message.我一收到你信息,就動身了。
3.副詞類(由副詞充當引導詞):immediately、directly、instantly、etc.(一……就……)
I will give you my answer immediately I finish my task.我一完成任務就給你答復。
The machine will start instantly you press the button.你一按按鈕,機器就會開動。
4.句型類:no sooner…than…、hardly/scarcely…when…、etc.(一……就……)。用于句首時應引起部分倒裝,且前部分一般用過去完成時。
I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
=No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
我一到家,就下起雨來。
注意:
(1)when、as、while 的區別
when: 持續性/非持續性動詞都可
as: 當;一邊……一邊;隨著
while:持續性動詞/進行
When the class was over,we hurried to the dinning hall.下課后,我們匆忙趕往食堂。
Mr.Li sings as he walks.李先生邊走邊唱。
While we were watching TV,he was writing a composition.當我們看電視時,他正在寫作文。
(2)till、until和not…until小結:
①until/till引導時間狀語從句用于肯定句時,主句的動詞是延續性動詞,表示動作或狀態一直持續到until/till所表示的時間,意為“某動作一直延續到某時間點才停止”。
We waited until my classmate came.我們一直等到我的同學來。
②用于否定句時,主句謂語動詞是非延續性動詞,從句為肯定,意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”。
He won’t go to bed till/until his mother returns.直到母親回來,他才去睡覺。
③till不可以置于句首,而until可以。
Until you told me,I knew I passed the exam.直到你告訴我,我才知道我通過了考試。
④not…until句型中的強調和倒裝說法:
It was not until you told me that I knew I passed the exam.直到你告訴我,我才知道我通過了考試。
Not until you told me did I know I passed the exam.
(3)連接詞before的小結:
①含義
a.We had driven three days and three nights before we reached the bottom of the mountain.我們開了三天三夜的車才到達山腳下。
b.We hadn’t walk two kilometers before he felt tired.我們還沒走兩公里,他就覺得累了。
c.Please write it down before you forget it.請記下來,免得忘了。
d.She closed the door before I could explain.我還沒來得及解釋,她就把門關上了。
②before從句中謂語不用否定式。
Before we reached the station,the train had gone.在我們到達車站前,火車已經開走了。
③句型It will be/was+一段時間+before…“還要過多久才……”
It will be two years before he leaves the city.他將在兩年后離開那個城市。
④句型It will be/was+一段時間+before…“不多久就……”。
It wasn’t two years before he left the city.不到兩年,他就離開了那個城市。
(4)since的句型
since+瞬間動詞過去式(從動作發生時算起)
since+持續性動詞過去式(從動作結束時算起)
It is three years since she was in the city.她離開這個城市有三年了。
It is three years since he lived here.他不住這里已經三年了。
二、條件狀語從句
1.引導詞: if,unless,as long as (=so long as),in case(that),on condition that,given,assuming,supposing/suppose
2.非真實條件句中應用虛擬語氣
If you had taken my advice,you wouldn’t have failed the exam.如果聽我的勸告,你就不會考不及格了。
3.真實條件句中的時態:
If it rains tomorrow,I will stay at home.如果明天下雨,我將待在家。
unless 在意義上相當于if…not 常可以換用
If you don’t start at once,you will miss the train.
=Unless you start at once,you will miss the train.如果你不馬上動身,你會錯過火車的。
三、原因狀語從句
1.引導原因狀語從句最常用的連詞是 because,since和as,所引導的從句可以放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。其中 because語勢最強,since次之,as又次之。
because—直接原因,非推斷,語氣最強。回答why。
since—通常放句首,譯為“既然”。
as—不談自明的原因,語氣最弱。
for—放句中,引導后半句表原因。
now that—既然,表示原因放在句首。
四、結果狀語從句
引導狀語從句的連接詞有
so that/so…that…/such…that…
1.so…that…與such…that…的區別
so+adj./adv.+that
so+adj.+a/an+可數名詞單數+that
so+many/much/few/little+名詞+that
It is so hot that I can’t sleep.天太熱了,我睡不著。
It is so interesting a book that I have read it twice.這是一本如此有趣的書,我已經讀了兩遍。
such+a/an+adj.+單數可數名詞+that
such+adj.+復數名詞/不可數名詞+that
such+a lot of/lots of+名詞+that
It is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.這是一本如此有趣的書,她已經讀了兩遍。
There was such delicious food that I had too much.如此美味的食物,我吃得太多了。
注意:
so that 引導結果狀語從句表示實現的一件事或一個事實,從句謂語動詞一般不和情態動詞連用,且從句前多有逗號與主句分開。
He didn’t study hard,so that he failed in the exam.(他沒有用功學習,結果考試沒有通過。)
五、讓步狀語從句
由though、although、as(雖然盡管)、even if、even though、wh-ever、no matter wh-、whether引導
Although most of the students agreed,some were not willing to accept.雖然大多數人同意,但有些人不愿意接受。
We wouldn’t lose heart though we should fail five times.即使失敗五次,我們也不會灰心。
注意:although 和though均可以引導讓步狀語從句,均為“雖然,盡管”,但是although較though 正式,更多用于句首,二者均不可以與but連用,但可以與副詞yet,still,nevertheless等連用。
Although (though) he was ill,(still/yet) he went on studying.雖然他病了,但他還是繼續工作。
注意:as引導讓步狀語從句時從句部分語序要部分倒裝。其結構為:
n./adj./adv./v.+as+主語+謂語
Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Though he is young 或Young though he is,he…
他雖然年輕,但懂得很多。
Child as he was,he had to support the family.
(表語名詞提前并常省去冠詞)
六、地點狀語從句
引導詞:where,wherever
I’ll go wherever he goes.他去哪我就去哪。
I’ll go where he went.我要去他去過的地方。
七、目的狀語從句
引導詞:so、so that、in order that、that、to the end that、in case、for fear that、lest等。其謂語動詞常與情態動詞can、could、may、might、should、would連用。
You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard.
大聲說,以便大家都能聽到你的聲音。
I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
我起得很早,目的是趕上第一班公共汽車。
八、方式狀語從句
引導詞
1.as(像……一樣,正如,按照)、as if/as though(好像,宛如)
It looks as if it might rain/is going to rain.看起來好像要下雨。
2.在非正式文體或口語中,也可用 the way (that) (=as=in the way in which)、how、like等來引導。
My daughter doesn’t do it the way I do.我女兒不像我那樣做事。
She is doing her work the way I like it done.她在用我喜歡的方式做她的工作。
You can do the job how you like.你可以按你喜歡的方式做這項工作。
Do you make bread like you make cakes 你做面包和做蛋糕一樣嗎
九、比較狀語從句
引導詞:as…as(和……一樣)、not as/so…as(不如)、than(比)、the more…the more…(越……越……),這種從句常采用省略句的句型。
He looks younger than he is.他看上去比實際年齡年輕。
He is as old as I am.他和我一樣大。
He worked as fast as a skilled worker.他干得和熟練工人一樣快。
The work was completed earlier than we had expected.這個工作完成得比我們預計的早。
區別:We know you better than he (knows you).我們比他更了解你。
We know you better than (we know) him.與他相比,我們更了解你。
鏈接真題
(  )1.(2023·安徽職教高考真題)________we have computers,paper is still an important way to record the written word.
A.As soon as   B.In case
C.Because       D.Although
D
(  )2.(2022·安徽職教高考真題)My hometown is so________ that I know everyone there by name.
A.rich  B.clean
C.quiet   D.small
D
(  )3.(2021·安徽職教高考真題)I often go to the mountains ________I love nature—the trees, the birds and the fresh air.
A.unless   B.until
C.although  D.because
D
(  )4.(2020·安徽職教高考真題)The world will be a happier place________people smile more.
A.if  B.until
C.unless  D.although
A
(  )5.(真題)________ we don’t plan well now,there won’t be enough water in the future.
A.Unless  B.While
C.If  D.Until
C
(  )6.(真題)We’re learning English hard ________it is very important.
A.though   B.unless
C.until   D.because
D
練一練
(  )1.(原創)My favorite sport is playing basketball ________it is good for my health.
A.unless   B.until
C.although   D.because
D
【試題分析】 本題考查原因狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:我最喜愛的運動是打籃球,因為打籃球對健康有利。A項unless除非;B項until 直到;C項although 雖然;D項because因為。故選D。
(  )2.(原創)I will tell you ________I arrive at the city.
A.before   B.because
C.as soon as   D.although
C 
【試題分析】 本題考查時間狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:我一到那座城市就告訴你。A項before之前,引導時間狀語從句;B項because 因為,引導原因狀語從句;C項as soon as一……就……,引導時間狀語從句;D項although雖然,引導讓步狀語從句。故選C。
(  )3.(原創)I learned Japanese ________I was in college.
A.though   B.although
C.as if   D.when
D
【試題分析】 本題考查時間狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:大學時,我學了日語。A項though 雖然,盡管;B項although 雖然,盡管;C項as if 好像;D項when當……的時候,故選D。
(  )4.(原創)The workers didn’t go home ______they finished their tasks.
A.for   B.until
C.because   D.though
B
【試題分析】 本題考查時間狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:工人們直到完成他們的任務才回家。not…until…直到……才……,故選B。
(  )5.(原創)________I was a child,I used to listen to the songs on the radio.
A.Now that   B.As
C.Because   D.Although
B
【試題分析】 本題考查時間狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:當我是小孩時,我過去常常通過收音機聽歌。A項Now that既然;B項As當……時候,因為;C項Because 因為;D項Although雖然,盡管,故選B。
(  )6.Speak slowly ______he may understand you better.
A.since  B.so that
C.for   D.because
B
【試題分析】 本題考查目的狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:說慢點,以便他能更好地理解你。A項since自從,因為;B項so that為了;C項for因為;D項because因為,故選B。
(  )7.It was not ________she took off her dark glasses ________I realized she was a famous star.
A.when;that  B.until;that
C.until;when   D.when;then
B
【試題分析】 本題考查時間狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:直到她摘下眼鏡,我才意識到她是一位著名的明星。固定句型:It was not until…that…,故選B。
(  )8.He didn’t study hard,________ he failed in the exam.
A.so that   B.such that
C.in order that   D.in order to
A
【試題分析】 本題考查結果狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:他沒有好好學習,所以他考試沒考好。故選A。
(  )9.________you start at once,you will miss the train.
A.Unless   B.If
C.For   D.Because
A
【試題分析】 本題考查條件狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:除非你立刻出發,否則會錯過火車。故選A。
(  )10.________ she was very tired,she went on studying.
A.As  B.Although
C.Even   D.In spite of
B
【試題分析】 本題考查讓步狀語從句。
【解析】 句意:盡管很累,她仍然繼續學習。A項As 當……時候,引導時間狀語從句;盡管,引導讓步狀語從句,需要把very tired 放在句首;B項Although 雖然,盡管,引導讓步狀語從句;C項Even甚至;D項In spite of盡管,后接名詞,代詞,不能接句子。故選B。

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