資源簡(jiǎn)介 (共182張PPT)Unit 5 New Technologies in Everyday Life拓展模塊 本單元語(yǔ)法是表語(yǔ)從句,在職教高考考綱中要求學(xué)生能初步運(yùn)用,同時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)“主+系+表”結(jié)構(gòu)和系動(dòng)詞的基本分類與用法,這些內(nèi)容將是命題的方向,同時(shí)要夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),讀懂與日常生活中的新科技應(yīng)用相關(guān)的閱讀材料,鞏固主題相關(guān)單詞、短語(yǔ),掌握商業(yè)活動(dòng)計(jì)劃書和商業(yè)活動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)函的基本框架,為提高閱讀能力與提取關(guān)鍵信息的能力打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。[速記后做詞匯默寫本及時(shí)鞏固]Ⅰ.記重點(diǎn)單詞1.advanced adj.先進(jìn)的 2.coupon n.優(yōu)惠券3.delete v.刪除 4.scan n.掃描5.attendee n.出席者 6.package n.(快遞)包裹7.device n.設(shè)備 8.alarm n.警報(bào)9.connect v.連接 10.press n.記者;平面媒體11.launch v.& n.(新產(chǎn)品)發(fā)布,上市 12.agenda n.(會(huì)議等的)議程表mercial adj.商業(yè)的 14.install v.安裝15.drone n.無人駕駛飛行器 16.average n.& adj.平均(的)17.military n.& adj.軍隊(duì)(的) 18.virtual adj.虛擬的19.spacious adj.寬敞的 20.data n.數(shù)據(jù)21.complicated adj.復(fù)雜的 22.immediately adv.立刻,馬上23.feature n.特征,特點(diǎn) 24.confirm v.證明,證實(shí)25.invite v.邀請(qǐng) 26.consciousness n.意識(shí)27.analyze v.分析,解析 28.efficiently adv.有效地29.recommend v.推薦 30.function n.功能31.spend v.花費(fèi) 32.allow v.允許33.widely adv.廣泛地 34.predict v.預(yù)言;預(yù)測(cè)35.within prep.& adv.在……范圍之內(nèi)36.cover v.覆蓋Ⅱ.記重點(diǎn)詞組1.package tour 跟團(tuán)游 2.do some shopping 購(gòu)物3.QR code 二維碼 4.virtual reality(VR) 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)5.parcel locker 快遞柜 6.Dayan Pagoda 大雁塔7.make full use of 充分利用 8.pay with 用……付款9.prepare for 為……做準(zhǔn)備 10.shopping cart 購(gòu)物車11.show up出現(xiàn) 12.3D-printed material 3D打印材料13.smart glasses 智能眼鏡 14.carry out 實(shí)施15.shopping mall robot 商場(chǎng)機(jī)器人 16.in terms of從……方面(說來)17.on behalf of 代表 18.office automation software辦公自動(dòng)化軟件19.look forward to…期待;期盼 20.reply to…答復(fù)21.be likely to…可能 22.a number of…許多,大量23.need to…需要 24.suffer from遭受25.be satisfied with…對(duì)……滿意的 municate with…與……交流27.work as擔(dān)任;從事 28.provide with提供29.high-speed train 高速列車 30.on one’s own獨(dú)自地Ⅲ.記重點(diǎn)句子1.We are looking forward to seeing you in Shanghai.我們期待著在上海見到你。2.The new material is like rubber and can be used to make things like tires and shoes.這種新材料像橡膠一樣,可以用來制造輪胎和鞋子。3.The difference is that when you put something in your cart,it will immediately show up in your app.區(qū)別在于,當(dāng)你把東西放進(jìn)購(gòu)物車時(shí),它會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)在你的應(yīng)用程序中。4.Today,taking high-speed trains is one of the most convenient ways to travel within the country.如今,乘坐高鐵是國(guó)內(nèi)最便捷的交通方式之一。5.It only takes a little more than 3 hours to cover the distance of over 1000 kilometers.只需要3個(gè)多小時(shí)就能走完1000多公里的路程。6.The train which carries out the world’s fastest railway service is Fuxing Hao.世界上運(yùn)行速度最快的列車是復(fù)興號(hào)。7.It is also one of the most advanced trains in the world in terms of speed,technology and comfort.就速度、技術(shù)和舒適性而言,它也是世界上最先進(jìn)的列車之一。8.It is taller than most of the high-speed trains,and the space between your seat and the seat in front is also bigger.它比大多數(shù)高速列車都要高,而且你的座位和前面的座位之間的空間也更大。9.On behalf of WBS Tech,I would like to invite you to attend our special event in Shanghai.我謹(jǐn)代表 WBS 科技邀請(qǐng)您參加我們?cè)谏虾Ee辦的特別活動(dòng)。10.We hope your schedule will allow you to accept this invitation.我們希望你的日程能允許你接受這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)。1.advanced adj.先進(jìn)的【教材原文】It is also one of the most advanced trains in the world in terms of speed,technology and comfort.就速度、技術(shù)和舒適性而言,它也是世界上最先進(jìn)的列車之一。重點(diǎn)單詞【知識(shí)拓展】(1)advanced technique 先進(jìn)技術(shù)We should learn from all the advanced techniques.我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)所有的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。(2)in advance事先,提前The heavy luggage was sent in advance.笨重的行李已提前送去。注意in advance 和 ahead of time 是兩個(gè)意思相近的詞組,都有“提前”的意思。①in advance:側(cè)重表達(dá)“預(yù)先或事先”做某事。You have to tell me the schedule in advance.你得提前告知我行程。②ahead of time:側(cè)重表達(dá)“比原定時(shí)間提前”完成。I finished my homework 15 minutes ahead of time.我提前15分鐘完成了作業(yè)。(3)in advance of在……前面,超過,比……進(jìn)步She walked in advance of her father.她走在她爸爸前面。典例剖析1( )He introduced________ technology and management into China. A.advance B.advancedC.advancing D.advances 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查詞性。同時(shí)注意單詞形式的變化及詞義辨析。 【解析】 句意:他把先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理引進(jìn)中國(guó)。A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)advance “前進(jìn),進(jìn)步”,B項(xiàng)advanced“先進(jìn)的,高級(jí)的”,C項(xiàng)advanching“前進(jìn)的”,結(jié)合題意只有B項(xiàng)符合,故選B。變式訓(xùn)練1( )(原創(chuàng))It is necessary for us to book the tickets in_______ before we go to the cinema. A.advice B.advantageC.advance D.adventureC【試題分析】 本題考查一般介詞短語(yǔ)搭配。同時(shí)注意名詞詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:對(duì)我們來說,去電影院前提前訂票是有必要的。A項(xiàng)advice“意見,建議”,B項(xiàng)advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì),優(yōu)點(diǎn)”,D項(xiàng)adventure“冒險(xiǎn)”,結(jié)合題意,C項(xiàng)in advance 固定搭配“事先,提前”合適,故選C。語(yǔ)境填詞1It’s cheaper if you book the tickets in ___________. 假如你提前訂票會(huì)便宜些。advance2.connect v.連接【教材原文】You can connect to high-speed Internet when travelling at a speed of over 300 kilometers per hour.當(dāng)你以每小時(shí)超過300公里的速度旅行時(shí),你可以連接到高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)connect with和……有關(guān),和……有聯(lián)系You must connect this wire with that one.你必須把這條電線和那條連接起來。(2)connect to 把……連接到……Click here and connect to the Internet.點(diǎn)擊此處可以連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。(3)connection n.連接,聯(lián)系I told them that I have no connection to what they described.我告訴他們我和他們所說的完全沒有關(guān)系。典例剖析2( )The printer can be______ to the computer to print. A.connection B.connectC.connected D.connecting 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查詞性。同時(shí)注意動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 【解析】 句意:電腦和打印機(jī)連接才能打印。主語(yǔ)the printer和賓語(yǔ)the computer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be connected,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練2( )1.(原創(chuàng))There is no ________between the two things. A.connection B.connectC.connected D.connectingA【試題分析】 本題考查詞性。【解析】 句意:這兩件事之間沒有聯(lián)系。connect的名詞為connection,故選A。( )2.(改編) With WeChat,we can ________with our family no matter how far away they are. A.correct B.connectC.confirm D.conductB【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。同時(shí)注意no matter引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:無論和家人距離多遠(yuǎn),我們都能用微信和家人聯(lián)系。A項(xiàng)correct “正確的”,B項(xiàng)connect “聯(lián)系,連接”,C項(xiàng)confirm “證明,證實(shí)”,D項(xiàng)conduct “指導(dǎo)”,只有B符合題意,故選B。語(yǔ)境填詞21.The railway is built to__________Beijing and Shanghai. 這條鐵路是連接北京和上海的。2.We all know that there is a__________ between smoking and cancer. 我們都知道吸煙和癌癥有聯(lián)系。connect connection3.allow v.允許,準(zhǔn)許【教材原文】We hope your schedule will allow you to accept this invitation.我們希望你的日程能允許你接受這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)allow+名詞/代詞 允許……We can’t allow such a thing.我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生。(2)allow doing sth.允許做某事We don’t allow smoking in the reading room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。(3)allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事She allowed me to go fishing.她允許我去釣魚。(4)sb.be allowed to do sth.某人被允許做某事The students are allowed to play games on the playground after school.放學(xué)后學(xué)生們被允許在操場(chǎng)上做游戲。(5)allowance n.零用錢;津貼;限額,定量;允許;折扣;考慮The government pays allowances to families with three children.政府為三孩家庭發(fā)放津貼。典例剖析3( )They don’t allow________ in the building,but they allow me ________out of it. A.to smoke;smoking B.smoking;smokingC.to smoke;to smokeD.smoking;to smoke 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。 【解析】 句意:他們不允許我在這棟建筑內(nèi)吸煙,但是允許我到外面吸。allow doing sth.允許做某事;allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事,故選D。變式訓(xùn)練3( )1.(原創(chuàng))Students are not allowed______ in class. A.to play B.playC.playing D.playedA【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【解析】 句意:學(xué)生在課堂上不允許玩手機(jī)。sb.be not allowed to do sth.某人不被允許做某事,故選A。( )2.(改編)We don’t allow ______in the pool. A.swim B.to swimC.swimming D.swimsC 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。【解析】 句意:我們不許在池子里游泳。allow doing sth.允許做某事,故選C。語(yǔ)境填詞31.People are not________to speak loudly in the library. 人們不允許在圖書館里大聲說話。2.We don’t allow________in the classroom. 我們不許在教室里吃飯。allowed eating4.spend v.& n.花費(fèi),開銷【教材原文】Many teenagers spend hours every day playing electronic games.許多青少年每天花幾個(gè)小時(shí)玩電子游戲。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)spend可用作動(dòng)詞和名詞,有花費(fèi)、消耗、用錢、開銷等意思。常見的用法有:①在使用spend時(shí),主語(yǔ)只能是表示人的名詞或代詞。Andy spent a lot of money on books.Andy花了很多錢買書。②spend some money/some time on sth.(介詞on后接名詞或代詞,在……上花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢等)Kitty spends two hours on her homework every day.Kitty每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。③spend some money/some time (in) doing sth.“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢等)做某事”,此時(shí)第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式,介詞in可以省略。They spent 4450 yuan buying the big colour TV set.他們買那臺(tái)大彩電花了4450元。④spend也有“度過”的意思。They want to spend their summer holiday in the country.他們想去鄉(xiāng)下過暑假。(2)spend同義詞辨析:pay,spend,take,cost均與“花費(fèi)、消費(fèi)”有關(guān)。①pay意為“付款” “支付”,通常主語(yǔ)是人。 He must pay for his food.他必須付他的食品費(fèi)。She paid 80 yuan for that coat.她花了80元買那件大衣。固定搭配有:pay sb.給某人付報(bào)酬;pay for sth.給某物付款;(sb.)pay money for sth.付(多少)錢購(gòu)買某物。②cost主語(yǔ)是物。cost除了表示花費(fèi)(多少)錢外,還可以表示花費(fèi)(多少)時(shí)間。通常用法為It costs sb.some money.或sth.cost sb.some time.某物花費(fèi)某人(多少)錢/時(shí)間。The TV cost me three thousand yuan.這臺(tái)電視機(jī)花了我三千元。③take作“花費(fèi)”來講主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物,其中常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。側(cè)重指“花費(fèi)時(shí)間”。用法為“It takes sb.some time to do sth.”表示做某事“花費(fèi)”某人多久。真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式。It took me about half an hour to do these exercise.做這些練習(xí)花費(fèi)我半個(gè)小時(shí)。鏈接真題( )(真題)—How far is it from your home to your school —It ________ me ten minutes to ride a bike. A.spends B.costsC.takes D.paysC【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。【解析】 句意:騎自行車的話要花十分鐘。“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”,某物(做某事) 花了(某人) 多少時(shí)間,it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是to ride a bike,故選C。典例剖析4( )Our parents always tell us not to________much time ________computer games.It’s bad for our eyes. A.spend;playing B.spend;to playC.take;playing D.cost;to play 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:我們的父母總是告訴我們不要花很多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲,這對(duì)我們眼睛不好。sb.spend some time doing sth.某人花時(shí)間做某事=It takes sb.some time to do sth.依據(jù)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)可知,排除B、C;take 的主語(yǔ)常是一件事或者形式主語(yǔ)it而不是人,所以排除D項(xiàng)。故選 A。變式訓(xùn)練4( )(原創(chuàng))The book ________me 20 yuan. A.took B.costC.spent D.paidB【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。【解析】 句意:這本書花了我20元。take主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物,其中常用it作形式主語(yǔ),spend的主語(yǔ)必須是人,spend on sth./in doing,pay通常主語(yǔ)是人,搭配介詞for。主語(yǔ)book為物,cost的主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng),某物花了(某人) 多少錢,故選B。語(yǔ)境填詞41.I have to________200 yuan for this room each night. 我必須每晚為這間房間支付200元。2.It will ________me too much time to read this book. 讀這本書將會(huì)花費(fèi)我太多時(shí)間。pay take5.recommend v.推薦【知識(shí)拓展】(1)recommend sb.sth.(=recommend sth.to sb.)向某人推薦/介紹……Can you recommend me a good dentist 你能給我推薦一個(gè)好的牙醫(yī)嗎 Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel.或許你能給我再介紹一家旅館。(2)recommend sb.for…推薦某人做(某職位)。I’ll recommend him for the job.我要推薦他做這項(xiàng)工作。(3)recommend sb.as…推薦某人為……。I’ll recommend him as her secretary.我要推薦他當(dāng)她的秘書。(4)recommend doing sth.建議做某事。I recommend buying this dictionary.(=I recommend you to buy this dictionary.)我建議你買這本詞典。(5)recommend+that-clause“建議……”(從句中用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省去)。He recommended that we (should) read the novel.(=He recommended us to read the novel.)他建議我們讀一讀那部小說。(6)recommendation n.推薦;介紹典例剖析5( )I recommend ________action immediately. A.take B.to takeC.taking D.to taking 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。 【解析】 句意:我建議立刻采取行動(dòng)。recommend doing sth.建議做某事。只有C項(xiàng)符合。故選C。變式訓(xùn)練5( )(原創(chuàng))My friend recommends that I ________more exercise and eat less if I want to lose weight. A.do B.to doC.doing D.didA【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。【解析】 句意:我的朋友建議我,如果想減肥應(yīng)該少吃多運(yùn)動(dòng)。recommend+that從句,“建議……”(從句中用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省去),故選A。語(yǔ)境填詞51.He______________the movie to me. 2.If you wan to apply the job,you need a __________________________. 如果你想申請(qǐng)這份工作,你需要一封推薦信。recommended recommendation letter6.immediately adv.立刻,馬上【教材原文】The difference is that when you put something in your cart,it will immediately show up in your app.區(qū)別在于,當(dāng)你把東西放進(jìn)購(gòu)物車時(shí),它會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)在你的應(yīng)用程序中。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)immediately同義詞辨析:immediately,instantly,presently,directly,shortly,soon,at once,right away/now這些副詞或副詞詞組均有“立刻,馬上”之意。immediately:指做完一件事后,立即就做另一件事,中間一般沒有明顯的時(shí)間間隔。Jason saw me and got off the horse immediately.杰遜看到我,立即從馬上下來。instantly:指恰恰就在此刻,一秒鐘也沒耽誤。presently:指不久、即將。directly和immediately同義,指毫無遲疑。shortly和soon同義,指動(dòng)作發(fā)生或完成的速度之快。soon:常用詞,指行動(dòng)快,完成速度快。at once:口語(yǔ)中常用,語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈,指時(shí)間緊迫,一刻也不能耽誤。right away/now語(yǔ)氣稍弱于at once,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作迅速。 鏈接真題( )(2022·安徽職教高考真題)The celebration was really exciting, ________when the fireworks were set off. A.actually B.certainlyC.especially D.graduallyC【試題分析】 本題考查副詞詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:慶祝活動(dòng)真的很令人興奮,特別是當(dāng)煙火被點(diǎn)燃的時(shí)候。A項(xiàng)actually “事實(shí)上”,B項(xiàng)certainly“當(dāng)然”,C項(xiàng)especially“尤其,特別”,D項(xiàng)gradually“逐漸,漸漸”,根據(jù)句意,只有C項(xiàng)符合。典例剖析6( )I recognized her________ when I saw her. A.impolitely B.immediatelyC.indirectly D.surely 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查副詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:我看到她后立刻認(rèn)出了她。A項(xiàng)impolitely“不禮貌地”,B項(xiàng)immediately “立刻,馬上”,C項(xiàng)indirectly“間接地”,D項(xiàng)surely“當(dāng)然,無疑”,只有B項(xiàng)符合句意,故選B。變式訓(xùn)練6( )(改編)Mr.Smith has a cute baby.It often smiles at people ________. A.friendly B.happilyC.lovely D.livelyB【試題分析】 本題考查副詞辨析。【解析】 句意:史密斯先生有一個(gè)可愛的寶寶。它經(jīng)常愉快地向人們微笑。A項(xiàng)friendly是形容詞“友好的”,B項(xiàng)happily 為副詞“愉快地”,C項(xiàng)lovely 為形容詞“可愛的”,D項(xiàng)lively為形容詞“生動(dòng)的”,第二個(gè)句子中smiles為謂語(yǔ),因此用副詞修飾,只有B項(xiàng)happily符合句意,故選B。語(yǔ)境填詞6When she arrived at school,she____________realized that she had left her English book at home. 當(dāng)她到學(xué)校時(shí),她立馬意識(shí)到自己把英語(yǔ)書落在家里了。immediately7.invite v.邀請(qǐng)【教材原文】On behalf of WBS Tech,I would like to invite you to attend our special event in Shanghai.我謹(jǐn)代表 WBS 科技邀請(qǐng)您參加我們?cè)谏虾Ee辦的特別活動(dòng)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)invite sb.to/for…邀請(qǐng)某人去……He invited me to dinner.他邀請(qǐng)我去吃晚飯。Why don’t you invite him for a drink 你為什么不邀請(qǐng)他喝一杯 (2)invite sb.to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事I should invite them to join us.我應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)他們加入我們。(3)invitation n.邀請(qǐng)函She received a letter of invitation yesterday.昨天她收到了一封邀請(qǐng)信。典例剖析7( )Mary invites me ________for a walk with her. A.to go B.goC.going D.goes 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。同時(shí)注意第三人稱作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 【解析】 句意:瑪麗邀請(qǐng)我和她一起出去散步。invite sb.to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人去做某事,用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故選A。變式訓(xùn)練7( )(原創(chuàng))Linda invites Lucy ________her birthday party this weekend. A.with B.inC.to D.onC【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配的用法。【解析】 句意:琳達(dá)邀請(qǐng)露西本周末來她的生日聚會(huì)。invite sb.to/for… “邀請(qǐng)某人去……”,符合題意的只有C,故選C。語(yǔ)境填詞71.Why don’t you___________Bryan to join the club 你為什么不邀請(qǐng)布萊恩加入俱樂部呢 2.I’m so happy to receive your wedding___________. 我很高興收到你的婚禮邀請(qǐng)函。invite invitation8.within prep.& adv.在……范圍之內(nèi)【教材原文】Today,taking high-speed trains is one of the most convenient ways to travel within the country.如今,乘坐高鐵是國(guó)內(nèi)最便捷的交通方式之一。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)within prep.作介詞①表示“在……范圍內(nèi)”,空間限度。It’s within three miles of the station.它離車站不到三英里。②within prep.“在……范圍內(nèi)”,時(shí)間限度。I’ll be coming within an hour.一小時(shí)之內(nèi)我就會(huì)到。(2)within adv.作副詞,表示“在里面;在內(nèi)部;在心中”。Take a few moments each day to be still and listen to the voice within.每天花幾分鐘使自己靜下來聆聽一下內(nèi)心的這個(gè)聲音。(3)within與in用法的區(qū)別:①當(dāng)表示“在某個(gè)具體距離之內(nèi)”時(shí)只能用within。The restaurant is within walking distance.這家餐館步行就能到。②當(dāng)表示時(shí)間時(shí),within表示“在……以內(nèi)”,而in可以表示“在……以內(nèi)”和“在……以后”。Mrs Gray will return in a week’s time.格雷太太將在一星期以后回來。Mrs Gray will return within a week’s time.格雷太太將在一星期之內(nèi)回來。③表示范圍和引導(dǎo)抽象名詞,兩者都可使用,意思有些區(qū)別,within比in語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)。Success is within our grasp now.成功在望。鏈接真題( )(2023·安徽職教高考真題)The kindness of a person can be judged ________the way he treats others. A.along B.acrossC.by D.inC【試題分析】 本題考查介詞用法。【解析】 句意:一個(gè)人的善良可以通過他對(duì)待他人的方式來判斷。be judged by“根據(jù)……來判斷”,固定搭配,故選C。典例剖析8( )The fire was put out by the firemen______ten minutes. A.with B.withinC.without D.for 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:大火在十分鐘內(nèi)被消防員撲滅了。with 表示“和……,與……”;當(dāng)表示時(shí)間時(shí),within表示“在……以內(nèi)”;without 表示“無;沒有”;for+時(shí)間段用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),put out為短暫性動(dòng)詞,不能用于完成時(shí),排除D項(xiàng),故選B。變式訓(xùn)練8( )Now,the short videos are very popular________young people. A.between B.beyondC.during D.amongD【試題分析】 本題考查介詞辨析。【解析】 句意:現(xiàn)在短視頻非常受年輕人的歡迎。between“兩者之間”,beyond“超出……的范圍”,during“在……期間”,among“在……之中(強(qiáng)調(diào)三者以上)”,young people指一群人,故選D。語(yǔ)境填詞81.We can finish the task__________two weeks.我們?cè)趦芍苤畠?nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 2.There is a bank__________the cinema and the post office.在電影院和郵局之間有一家銀行。 3.The teacher is very popular __________the students.這位老師在學(xué)生中非常受歡迎。 within/inbetween among1.prepare for 為……做準(zhǔn)備【教材原文】How to prepare for a meeting.如何為一場(chǎng)會(huì)議做準(zhǔn)備。重點(diǎn)詞組【知識(shí)拓展】(1)prepare用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),prepare for為固定短語(yǔ),意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”,其中的for意為“為了”,后面通常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ingShe is preparing for the final exam.她正在為期末考試作準(zhǔn)備。(2)prepare用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí):①prepare sth.準(zhǔn)備……,后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)Mum is preparing dinner for us.媽媽正在給我們準(zhǔn)備晚餐。②prepare sb.sth.給某人準(zhǔn)備,也可轉(zhuǎn)換為prepare sth.for sb. Tom prepared his father a gift.=Tom prepared a gift for his father.湯姆給爸爸準(zhǔn)備了一份禮物。③prepare sb.for sth.使某人對(duì)某事有所準(zhǔn)備She is preparing herself for a further study.她正為留學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備。④prepare to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做……Linda prepared to study English hard.琳達(dá)準(zhǔn)備努力學(xué)英語(yǔ)。(3)preparation n.準(zhǔn)備(可數(shù)名詞)make preparations for…為……做準(zhǔn)備You’d better make some preparations for your final examinations.你最好為你的期末考試作些準(zhǔn)備。典例剖析1( )How did you prepare________ finding a job after you graduated A.to B.atC.on D.for 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。 【解析】 句意:畢業(yè)后你是如何為找工作做準(zhǔn)備的 prepare for為固定短語(yǔ),意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”,其中的for意為“為了”,后面通常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing,故選D。變式訓(xùn)練1( )1.I prepare ________a plan for my English study this term. A.to making B.makeC.to make D.makingC【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。【解析】 句意:我準(zhǔn)備為這學(xué)期的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。prepare to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做……,用動(dòng)詞不定式,故選C。( )2.We________take a walk after dinner. A.prepare for B.prepare toC.intend D.is going toB【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。【解析】 句意:我們準(zhǔn)備晚飯后去散步。prepare to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做……,用動(dòng)詞不定式,intend to do“打算做……”,be going to“計(jì)劃,打算”,主語(yǔ)we為復(fù)數(shù),D項(xiàng)be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are,故選B。2.show up出現(xiàn)【教材原文】The difference is that when you put something in your cart,it will immediately show up in your app.區(qū)別在于,當(dāng)你把東西放進(jìn)購(gòu)物車時(shí),它會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)在你的應(yīng)用程序中。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)與show相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):show off夸耀,炫耀show up出現(xiàn)show…to…展現(xiàn)……給……show around 帶領(lǐng)……參觀……(2)與介詞up相關(guān)的常見短語(yǔ):①make up彌補(bǔ);構(gòu)成;編造;組成②clear up 清理;整理;放晴;收拾 ③look up查閱;查找;向上看④turn up開大;出現(xiàn);來到;找到⑤go up上升;上漲;建起;增長(zhǎng)⑥set up 設(shè)立;建立;創(chuàng)立;樹立⑦take up占去;開始從事;占據(jù);拿起⑧give up放棄(3)show還可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.給某人展示某物。The old man showed me his family picture.=The old man showed his family picture to me.這位老人給我們看他的全家福照片。典例剖析2( )Nowadays,some young man wear brand clothes just to ________. A.show up B.look upC.show off D.show around 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。 【解析】 句意:現(xiàn)在,一些年輕人穿名牌衣服只是為了炫耀。show up A項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)”,B項(xiàng)look up“查閱”,C項(xiàng)show off “炫耀”,D項(xiàng)show around“帶領(lǐng)……參觀……”,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練2( )(改編)In such cheerful conversation, the time ________all too quickly. A.came back B.showed upC.turned up D.went byD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。【解析】 句意:在如此愉快的談話中,時(shí)間過得太快了。A項(xiàng)come back “回來”,B項(xiàng)show up“出現(xiàn)”,C項(xiàng)turn up “調(diào)高;出現(xiàn)”,D項(xiàng)go by“經(jīng)過;時(shí)間流逝”,故選D。3.a number of…許多,大量【教材原文】It appears that a growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang Lin have found the joy of online shopping.似乎越來越多像王林這樣的中國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶已經(jīng)找到了上網(wǎng)的樂趣。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)a number of…與the number of…之間的區(qū)別:①a number of…表示“許多,大量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),其中number 還可以用large或者small來修飾。 A large number of people are on the square.廣場(chǎng)上有許多人。②the number of…表示“……的數(shù)量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of students in my class is fifty.我的班里有五十個(gè)學(xué)生。(2)熟記表示“許多,大量”相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)只修飾可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞 只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞 可修飾可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞few,a few,many,several,a great/good many,a number of,a large/great number of,(large/great) numbers of little,a little,much,a great/good deal of,a bit of,a huge/large amount of some,a lot of,lots of,plenty of,enough,mosta quantity of,quantities of典例剖析3( )A large number of books ________in the library.The number of the books in it ________over 5000. A.is;is B.are;isC.are;are D.is;are 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查主謂一致。同時(shí)注意a number of…與the number of…之間的區(qū)別。 【解析】 句意:這個(gè)圖書館里有許多書。里面書的數(shù)量超過5000冊(cè)。a number of…表示“許多,大量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)are。the number of…表示“……的數(shù)量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is,故選B。變式訓(xùn)練3( )As we know, ________ HuaWei products have been used in the world. A.a great deal of B.a great amount ofC.a number of D.the number ofC【試題分析】 本題考查可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞用法。【解析】 句意:眾所周知,許多華為的產(chǎn)品已在世界各地使用。a great deal of與a great amount of 都只修飾不可數(shù)名詞,故排除。a number of…表示“許多,大量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),the number of…表示“……的數(shù)量”,后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),句子的主語(yǔ) products 為復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選C。4.look forward to…期待;盼望,后面接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞。【教材原文】We are looking forward to seeing you in Shanghai.我們期待著在上海見到你。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)look forward to…期待;盼望,to為介詞,后面接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞。I am looking forward to hearing from you.我期盼著你的來信。(2)區(qū)分與look相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):①look at…看……②look out 當(dāng)心;向外看③look for 尋找④look through瀏覽⑤look up 查閱(字典) ⑥look after 照顧;照料⑦look around 環(huán)顧四周⑧l(xiāng)ook like 看起來像……⑨look into 調(diào)查;研究⑩look down upon 看不起;鄙視鏈接真題( )1.(2021·安徽職教高考真題)When my parents go out,I have to ________my baby sister at home. A.pick out B.give awayC.come across D.look afterD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。【解析】 pick out挑出;選出,give away贈(zèng)送,come across偶遇,look after 照顧;照料,根據(jù)題意為“我的父母出去了,我得在家照顧我的妹妹。”只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。( )2.(真題)—Susan,what are you doing —I’m________my glasses,I can’t find them now. A.looking after B.looking forC.putting down D.putting awayB【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。【解析】 look after 照顧;照料,look for 尋找,put down 放下,put away收起;放好,根據(jù)題意為“我正在尋找我的眼鏡,但我現(xiàn)在找不到它們了。故選B。典例剖析4( )He is looking forward to________ with the new manager. A.work B.workedC.working D.works 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞用法。同時(shí)注意動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的積累與運(yùn)用。 【解析】 句意:他期待與新經(jīng)理共事。look forward to…期待;盼望,后面接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞,故只有C項(xiàng)符合題意。故選C。變式訓(xùn)練4( )(原創(chuàng))You should pay attention to________to the teachers in class. A.listen B.listenedC.listens D.listeningD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞-ing。【解析】 句意:你應(yīng)該注意上課聽老師講課。pay attention to“集中注意力于……”,to 為介詞,其后動(dòng)詞加-ing,故選D。5.on behalf of 代表【教材原文】On behalf of WBS Tech,I would like to invite you to attend our special event in Shanghai.我謹(jǐn)代表 WBS 科技邀請(qǐng)您參加我們?cè)谏虾Ee辦的特別活動(dòng)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)注意on behalf of,stand for,represent都有“代表”的意思:①on behalf of 代表,介詞短語(yǔ),常作狀語(yǔ)。 On behalf of our company,I welcome you to Nanjing.我代表我們的公司歡迎你來南京。②stand for 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),一般是指代表縮寫或符號(hào)。VIP stands for very important person.VIP代表非常重要的人物。③represent動(dòng)詞,通常指?jìng)€(gè)體代表整體。He will represent his school at the meeting.他將代表學(xué)校出席會(huì)議。典例剖析5( )On ________of everyone here,I wish you a pleasant visit to China. A.believe B.betweenC.behalf D.behind 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。 【解析】 句意:我代表這里的每一個(gè)人,祝你們?cè)谥袊?guó)的旅途愉快。believe “相信”,between“在……之間”,behind“在……后面”,on behalf of 代表,固定搭配,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練5( )(原創(chuàng))________ my family and myself,I apologize to you. A.Instead of B.RepresentsC.Stand for D.On behalf ofD【試題分析】 本題考查短語(yǔ)搭配辨析。【解析】 句意:我代表我的家人和我向您道歉。A項(xiàng)instead of 代替,B項(xiàng)represent動(dòng)詞,用representing可作狀語(yǔ),C項(xiàng)stand for 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),一般是指代表縮寫或符號(hào),只有D項(xiàng)on behalf of 代表,介詞短語(yǔ),常作狀語(yǔ),符合句意。故選D。6.need to…需要【教材原文】First,you need to install the supermarket’s appon your phone.首先,你需要在你的手機(jī)上安裝超市的應(yīng)用程序。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,表示需要①need+sth.(名詞) 需要某物。 It is a question that needs very careful consideration.這是一個(gè)需要非常仔細(xì)考慮的問題。②need to do sth.需要做某事,否定形式:don’t/doesn’t need to不需要…… You need to clean the classroom.你需要打掃教室。③need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事。I need you to help me.我需要你幫助我。④need doing=need to be done注意:此用法中句子的主語(yǔ)通常為物。The clothes need washing.=The clothes need to be washed.這些衣服需要洗。(2)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:①need用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)表“必須、必要”,后直接跟動(dòng)詞原形,need do,否定needn’t do。 You needn’t do all these exercises.你不需要做所有這些練習(xí)。②need無人稱、數(shù)的變化(第三人稱單數(shù)不加s),也沒有非謂語(yǔ)形式(不定式、分詞)。③注意:need用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)常用于否定句和疑問句中。Need she come with us 她需要同我們一起去嗎 —No,she needn’t.不,她就不必了。—Yes,she must.是的,她必須同我們一起去。④must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句的否定回答必須使用needn’t.肯定回答用must。—Must I do the work now —Yes,you must/have to.—No,you needn’t/don’t have to/don’t need to.典例剖析6( )It starts raining,so I ________water the flowers. A.don’t need to B.needn’t toC.need not to D.doesn’t need to 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。注意need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。 【解析】 句意:天下起雨來了,所以我就不必給花澆水了。need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,need to do sth.需要做某事,否定形式:don’t/doesn’t need to“不需要……”,need用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)表“必須、必要”,后直接跟動(dòng)詞原形,need do,否定needn’t do,故選A。變式訓(xùn)練6( )1.(改編)You________ to the hospital tomorrow if you have something important to do. A.needn’t to come B.don’t need comeC.don’t need coming D.needn’t comeD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。注意need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。【解析】 句意:如果你有重要的事要做,明天就不必來醫(yī)院了。need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,need to do sth.需要做某事,否定形式:don’t/doesn’t need to“不需要……”,need用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)表“必須、必要”,后直接跟動(dòng)詞原形,need do,否定needn’t do,故選D。( )2.(改編)Look!Your shoes are so dirty.They ________. A.need to washed B.need washingC.needs washing D.need washB【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。注意need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。【解析】 句意:看!你的鞋子真臟,它們需要清洗。need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,need doing=need to be done“需要……”注意:此用法中,句子的主語(yǔ)通常為物,主語(yǔ)they指shoes,為復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形,故選B。1.Today,taking high-speed trains is one of the most convenient ways to travel within the country.如今,乘坐高鐵是國(guó)內(nèi)最便捷的交通方式之一。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。主語(yǔ)為 taking high-speed trains,is為系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)為one of the most convenient ways to travel within the country,動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用單數(shù)。重點(diǎn)句子【知識(shí)拓展】(1)動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí),充當(dāng)名詞的作用,此時(shí)動(dòng)詞-ing又稱為動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí),表示一件事時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。Smoking is bad for health.吸煙有害健康。Running is a healthy way to relax.跑步是健康的放松方式。Reading is very important for all of us.閱讀對(duì)于我們來說是非常重要的。(2)有部分動(dòng)詞-ing的固定搭配,采用it作形式主語(yǔ),將真正主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing置后。動(dòng)詞-ing做真正主語(yǔ)的搭配:①It is no use/good doing sth.做某事是沒用的/不好的。It is no use crying.哭是沒用的。②It is fun/nice doing sth.做某事是有趣的/令人愉快的。It is nice meeting you.很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你。③It’s a waste of time/money doing sth.做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢的。It’s a waste of time playing online games.玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。典例剖析1( )________ a foreign language is very useful to everyone. A.Learn B.LearnsC.Learning D.Learned 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)。 【解析】 句意:學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)對(duì)每個(gè)人都非常有用。is 是句子系動(dòng)詞,useful是表語(yǔ),句子缺主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不能直接作主語(yǔ),把動(dòng)詞變成動(dòng)名詞,加-ing即可作主語(yǔ),故選C。典例剖析2( )(原創(chuàng))It’s no good ______too much time playing games. A.wasting B.wasteC.wastes D.to waste 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞-ing的用法。 【解析】 句意:浪費(fèi)太多時(shí)間打游戲是沒有好處的。It is no use/good doing sth.做某事是沒用的/不好的。it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是wasting,故選A。仿寫運(yùn)用1(漢譯英)1.________makes him happy.唱歌使他開心。 2.__________plays an important part in English study.閱讀在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中起重要作用。 Singing Reading2.The new material is like rubber and can be used to make things like tires and shoes.這種新材料像橡膠一樣,可以用來制造輪胎和鞋子。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主系表結(jié)構(gòu)+被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)為the new material,系動(dòng)詞為is,表語(yǔ)為rubber,and連接并列句,and后句子為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)can be used 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),be used to sth.指被用來做什么,表示被動(dòng),be used to+動(dòng)詞原形,指被用來去做,由此引申be used for doing sth.也表示“被用來做某事”,其中for為介詞,其后可接名詞、代詞或-ing形式;與短語(yǔ)be used to do sth.同義。 Bricks are used to build houses.=Bricks are used for building houses.磚頭被用來蓋房子。(2)be used to doing指習(xí)慣做某事=get used to doing,are/is/am used to+doing,注意后面要加動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞,to是介詞,后需加名詞。 He is used to getting up early.他習(xí)慣于早起。(3)used to指過去常常做某事,但是現(xiàn)在不做這些事了。表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),但是如今已不做或不存在了。注意used to+動(dòng)詞原形,這兒的to不是介詞,而是動(dòng)詞不定式 to do sth.。 The girl used to take a walk after dinner.那個(gè)女孩過去常常在晚飯后散步。典例剖析3( )—How does John usually go to school —He ________ride a bike,but now he________ there. A.used to;is used to walkB.was used to;is used to wakingC.was used to;used to walkD.used to;is used to walking 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用法。 【解析】 句意:約翰通常怎么上學(xué) 他過去常常騎自行車,但是現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣了步行去。used to+動(dòng)詞原形,是指過去常常做某事;be used to doing 是指習(xí)慣于做某事,故選D。仿寫運(yùn)用2(漢譯英)1.She _________ _______run in the morning,but now she likes riding with her sister. 她過去常常早上跑步,但是現(xiàn)在喜歡和妹妹一起騎車。2.Drones can ________ _________widely in our daily life. 無人機(jī)可以廣泛應(yīng)用于我們的日常生活。used to beused3.The train which carries out the world’s fastest railway service is Fuxing Hao.世界上運(yùn)行速度最快的列車是復(fù)興號(hào)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,句子主干為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)為 the train,is為系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)為Fuxing Hao,同時(shí)還有which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句,the train為先行詞,關(guān)系代詞為which,定語(yǔ)從句為 which carries out the world’s fastest railway service。(1)定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句,定語(yǔ)從句一般由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須位于從句之首,主句先行詞之后,起著連接先行詞和從句的作用同時(shí)在從句中又充當(dāng)句子成分。關(guān)系代詞:who、whom、whose、which、that、as關(guān)系副詞:when、where、why(2)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法:關(guān)系代詞:who、whom、whose、which、that、as①當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)用who,作主語(yǔ),whom作賓語(yǔ)。She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有女孩中唱歌最好的。(關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語(yǔ))He is a student (who,whom,that) we should learn from.他是我們應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生。(whom在從句中作介詞from的賓語(yǔ))②當(dāng)先行詞為物或整個(gè)句子時(shí)用which,可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。The movie which we saw yesterday is really moving.(which作主語(yǔ))③先行詞為人、物時(shí)用that,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語(yǔ))The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語(yǔ))④whose用作定語(yǔ),可指人或物。Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why⑤when(指時(shí)間,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。He’ll always remember the day when his grandma left.他會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記得奶奶離開的那一天。⑥where(指地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))。This is the place where we spent our childhood.這是我們度過童年的地方。⑦why(指原因,在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ))。This is the reason why they were late for the meeting.這就是他們開會(huì)遲到的原因。典例剖析4( )ChatGPT________was developed by US-based Open AI is a new AI chat-bot(聊天機(jī)器人) tool. A.which B.whoC.what D.when 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。 【解析】 句意:ChatGPT 是由美國(guó)開放式人工智能開發(fā)的一種新型人工智能聊天機(jī)器人工具。先行詞ChatGPT指物,從句缺主語(yǔ),關(guān)系詞用which或that,故選A。仿寫運(yùn)用3(選擇合適的關(guān)系詞填空)1.Do you know the man I spoke to 你認(rèn)識(shí)和我說話的那個(gè)人嗎 2.That is the day_________________I’ll never forget.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那一天。 3.The factory_________________we’ll visit next week is not far from here.我們下周要參觀的工廠離這里不遠(yuǎn)。 4.I don’t know the man________stands behind me.我不知道站在我身后的那個(gè)人是誰。 5.This is the hotel________theystayed last month.這是他們上個(gè)月住的旅館。 whom/that/不填 that/which/不填 that/which/不填 who/that where4.It is also one of the most advanced trains in the world in terms of speed,technology and comfort.就速度、技術(shù)和舒適性而言,它也是世界上最先進(jìn)的列車之一。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)為it,is為系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)為 one of the most advanced trains in the world。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)“one of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”是英語(yǔ)中最高級(jí)的固定搭配,表示“最……之一”。The Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.尼羅河是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。He is one of the most famous singers in our country.他是我們國(guó)家最著名的歌手之一。(2)in terms of “從……方面(說來);就……而言”Let each child read in terms of his own taste and choice.讓每個(gè)孩子根據(jù)自己的興趣愛好和選擇來讀書。典例剖析5( )The Great Wall is one of the ________in the world. A.greatest wonderB.greatest wondersC.great wonderD.great wonders 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞最高級(jí)用法。 【解析】 句意:長(zhǎng)城是世界上最偉大的奇跡之一。one of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”是最高級(jí)的固定搭配,表示“最……之一”,故選B。仿寫運(yùn)用4(漢譯英)1.Beijing is one of the________ ________in China.北京是中國(guó)最大的城市之一。 2.Li Ming is one of the________ ________in our class.李明是我們班最高的男生之一。 greatest cities tallest boys5.It is taller than most of the high-speed trains,and the space between your seat and the seat in front is also bigger.它比大多數(shù)高速列車都要高,而且你的座位和前面的座位之間的空間也更大。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:主系表結(jié)構(gòu)+比較狀語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)為it,is為系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)為taller。形容詞比較級(jí)+than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句,而and連接的是兩個(gè)并列的系表結(jié)構(gòu),后半句主語(yǔ)為 the space,is為系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)為bigger。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)表示對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行比較的句型,句型“比較級(jí)+than”,意思是“A比B更……”。在將兩者進(jìn)行比較時(shí),如果形容詞或副詞是單音節(jié),其比較級(jí)在詞尾加-er,如果形容詞或副詞是多音節(jié),其比較級(jí)即在詞首加 more。My bicycle is cheaper than yours(=your bicycle).我的自行車比你的(自行車)便宜。(2)比較級(jí)(兩者作比較)的其他用法:比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)“越來越……”In winter,the days get shorter and shorter.冬天,白天變得越來越短。(3)The+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)“越……越……”The harder you work,the better you will be.你工作越努力,你就會(huì)越好。(4)比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí):比較級(jí)+than+any other+名詞單數(shù)(同一范圍同種類比較);比較級(jí)+the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)(同一范圍同種類比較)Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.湯姆比班里的任何一位男生都高。Tom is taller than the other boys in class.湯姆比班里其他男生都高。典例剖析6( )Our classroom is ________than yours. A.large B.largestC.larger D.the large 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞比較級(jí)用法。 【解析】 句意:我們的教室比你們的教室大。我們的教室和你們的教室作比較,關(guān)鍵詞than是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞,故用比較級(jí)larger,故選C。典例剖析7( )The ________you are,the ________you will make in the exam. A.more careful;less mistakesB.more carefully;more mistakesC.less careful;more mistakesD.less carefully;less mistakes 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞比較級(jí)用法。 【解析】 句意:在考試中你越細(xì)心,犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。The+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)“越……越……”,前半句缺表語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞careful作表語(yǔ),排除B、D,由句意可知,后半句表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤越少,故選A。仿寫運(yùn)用5(用括號(hào)中形容詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.You look much________than before.(thin) 2.The cartoon is _________________than the book.(interesting) 3.Summer is__________ than spring.(hot) 4.The monkey’s tail is ________than the rabbit’s tail.(long) 5.The pizza is_______________than the cake.(delicious) thinner more interestinghotter longer more delicious表語(yǔ)從句定義:表語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的從句。構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+連接詞+簡(jiǎn)單句,表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有從屬連詞,連接代詞,連接副詞。用法:1.可接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有:①be動(dòng)詞②感官動(dòng)詞:feel、seem、look、appear、sound、taste、smell③持續(xù)類:remain、keep、stay④變化類:become、get、grow、turn、go、fall⑤證明類:prove、turn outThe question is whether he will come or not.問題是他是否會(huì)來。2.從屬連詞that、whether、as、as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。(1)that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句:The fact is that our team has won the game.①that 在從句中不作句子成分,無實(shí)際意義,一般不能省略②主語(yǔ)是“建議,勸說,命令”的名詞,如idea、suggestion、proposal、order、request,表語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可省略。My suggestion is that we (should) leave early tomorrow.我的建議是我們明天早點(diǎn)離開。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.聽起來好像有人在敲門。(2)whether (是否)引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句:The question is whether it is worth doing.注意:if 不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句(3)as if,as though 好像,似乎引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句:常置于連系動(dòng)詞look,seem,sound,is,become等后面It+連系動(dòng)詞(look/seem/appear…)+that/as if 從句,意為“看起來似乎……”It seems as if he knows everything.他似乎知道所有事情。3.because,why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。That’s why he got angry with me.那正是他對(duì)我生氣的原因。(That’s why…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)注意:what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示結(jié)果或名詞reason作主語(yǔ)時(shí),后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo),不宜用because。4.連接代詞who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whicheverThe problem is who can help her.問題是誰可以幫助她。That is where he was born.那就是他出生的地方。5.連接副詞 where、when、how、why連接副詞充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ),本身具有詞義。That’s where I can’t agree with you.那就是我不同意你的地方。This is why Sara was late for the meeting.那就是沙拉開會(huì)遲到的原因。This is how they overcome the difficulties.他們就是這樣克服困難的。練一練( )1.(原創(chuàng))The question is ________we should turn to. A.whom B.whenC.where D.whyA【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:?jiǎn)栴}是我們?cè)撓蛘l求助。turn to sb.“向某人求助”,to為介詞,從句缺賓語(yǔ),故用連接代詞whom,故選A。( )2.(原創(chuàng))The problem is ________you should trust him or not. A.that B.ifC.whether D.as ifC【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:?jiǎn)栴}是你是否應(yīng)該信任他。trust“信任”,從句不缺成分,用從屬連詞,由句意可知用whether,故選C。( )3.(原創(chuàng))The fact is________ he has made great progress this term. A.if B.whetherC./ D.thatD【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:事實(shí)是他這學(xué)期已經(jīng)取得了巨大進(jìn)步。made great progress 取得巨大進(jìn)步,從句不缺成分,用從屬連詞,由句意可知用that,故選D。( )4.The reason is________I missed the bus. A.that B.whenC.why D.whatA【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:這就是我錯(cuò)過了公交車的原因。名詞reason作主語(yǔ)時(shí),后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo),不宜用because,故選A。( )5.(改編)That is ________Mr.Smith once lived. A.what B.whereC.that D.whyB【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:那就是史密斯先生曾經(jīng)居住的地方。live為不及物動(dòng)詞,is后面的表語(yǔ)從句不缺成分,用連接副詞,故選B。( )6.(改編)________ I want to know is________ getting on with your classmates. A.What;how are youB.That;how you areC.How;that you areD.What;how you areD 【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:我想知道的是你和你的同學(xué)們相處得怎么樣。know為及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ),第一個(gè)空用what,排除B、C,is后面的表語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句一樣都用陳述語(yǔ)序,排除A,故選D。( )7.(改編)—I feel cold!—I think it is________you wear so little. A.why B.whenC.what D.becauseD 【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:——我覺得冷!——我想是因?yàn)槟愦┑锰倭恕t is后跟直接原因,用because,故選D。( )8.That is______he got back home at last. A.that B.howC.what D.whenB【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:那就是他最后如何到家的。is后表語(yǔ)從句不缺成分,用連接副詞,由題意可知用how,故選B。( )9.(改編)His question is_______ he can do for his mum. A.what B.howC.that D.whetherA【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:他的問題是他可以為媽媽做些什么。is后是表語(yǔ)從句,從句謂語(yǔ)do缺賓語(yǔ),用連接代詞what,故選A。( )10.(原創(chuàng))The young man’s trouble is ________he can pass the driving test successfully. A.that B./C.whether D.whatC【試題分析】 本題考查表語(yǔ)從句。【解析】 句意:這個(gè)年輕人的問題是他能否成功通過駕駛考試。is后是表語(yǔ)從句,從句不缺成分,用從屬連詞whether,故選C。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫(kù)