資源簡介 (共198張PPT)Unit 8 Role Models of the Times基礎模塊 三 本單元在職教高考考試中考查的重點是非謂語動詞作狀語,同時結合句型、短語辨析命制題目,題目難度適中,在一輪復習中要能夠運用所學知識解決本單元的重難點、疑難點、易錯易混點,這些內容將是命題的方向,同時要夯實基礎知識,對于要求掌握的單詞和詞組,一定要搞懂搞透,為提高閱讀能力打下堅實的基礎。[速記后做詞匯默寫本及時鞏固]Ⅰ.記重點單詞1.respectable adj.值得尊敬的 2.championship n.冠軍頭銜3.contribute v.貢獻 4.player n.運動員5.firefighter n.消防員 6.admire v.敬佩7.professional adj.專業的,職業的 8.glory n.榮譽,輝煌9.contribution n.貢獻 10.discovery n.發現11.award n.獎勵 v.授予 12.medal n.勛章13.undoubtedly adv.毫無疑問地 14.lead n.領頭位置;榜樣15.achievement n.獲得 16.region n.地區17.prize n.獎勵 18.drug n.藥物19.treatment n.治療 20.standard n.標準21.essential adj.基本的;關鍵的 22.Nobel Prize 諾貝爾獎Ⅱ.記重點詞組1.be crazy about 狂熱愛好…… 2.look up to 尊敬,敬仰3.contribute to為……做貢獻;導致 4.be known as 作為……而出名5.a solution to 一個……的解決方法 6.used to do 過去常常做某事7.succeed in成功(做某事) 8.devote oneself to 奉獻于9.set world records 創造世界紀錄 10.stand out 引人注目11.treat someone to款待,招待 12 work hard for 為……而努力Ⅲ.記重點句子1.That’s why I admire your mother so much.這就是我非常敬佩你母親的原因。2.I just want to be a teacher like your mother,helping kids become great people when they grow up.我想成為像你母親一樣的教師,幫助孩子們長大成才。3.Two excellent Chinese scientists,who were awarded the Medals of the Republic in 2019,are undoubtedly the role models of the times.我國有兩位杰出的科學家于2019年被授予了共和國勛章,毫無疑問,他們是時代楷模。4.She is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素),a group of drugs used to treat malaria.她發現了用于治療瘧疾的藥物——青蒿素,也因此成為第一位獲得諾貝爾醫學獎的中國科學家。5.It was she who proposed the clause on “equal pay for equal work between men and women”,which was written into the first Constitution of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1954.她提出的“男女同工同酬”的提案于1954年被寫進了中華人民共和國的第一部《憲法》。1.contribute v.捐款,捐贈;投稿;促進,導致【教材原文】They have contributed a lot to our country.他們為我們的國家做了很多貢獻。重點單詞【知識拓展】(1)v.捐款,捐贈Her family has contributed $50,000 to the fund.她家給這項基金捐了5萬美元。(2)投稿She contributes to several magazines.她為好幾家雜志撰稿。(3)促進,導致Smoking contributed to his early death.吸煙導致他早逝。(4)contributing adj.導致的,促成的Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.壓力是許多疾病的致病因素。(5)contribution n.[C]&[U] 貢獻;捐獻;投稿make a contribution to捐贈,貢獻給;為……做出貢獻Instead,he made a generous contribution to the community.相反,他為幫助社區做出了慷慨的貢獻。典例剖析1( )It would significantly contribute to________ noise and improving the quality of life for residents. A.reduce B.reducingC.reduced D.reduces 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語用法。 【解析】 contribute to導致,促成,to是介詞,后接名詞或v-ing形式。所以B項符合題意,故選B。變式訓練1( )1.(原創)A generous contribution ________to the community to improve their health. A.makes B.was makingC.has made D.was madeD【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語和時態。【解析】 make a contribution to “為……做出貢獻”句意:為了促進社區人們的健康,這個社區接受了大量捐贈,結合語境應該用一般過去時的被動語態,D項符合題意,故選D。( )2.(原創)Let’s drive less and walk more to work,because of cars’ greater ________to the greenhouse effect these years. A.contributionB.contributingC.makes contributionD.contributesA【試題分析】 本題考查詞性識別。【解析】 句意:我們要盡量少開車多步行去上班,因為車輛對溫室效應有很大的促進作用。名詞所有格cars’ 修飾名詞,因此A項符合題意,故選A。2.time n.時間;times時代;次數;倍數【教材原文】Role Models of the Times時代楷模【知識拓展】(1)time作不可數名詞時,意為“時間 ”,和形容詞連用,常加a/an。表示“時代;次數;倍數”時,常用times。for a long time 持續很長時間;have a good time 玩得開心We have English classes three times a week.我們每周上三次英語課。This room is six times larger than that one.這間房間比那間大六倍。(2)動詞+time 短語spend time 花時間,make time 騰出時間、find time抽出時間、kill time消磨時間、waste time浪費時間……等等I spent time reading last night.我昨晚花時間學習。Can you make time for a meeting 你可以騰出時間開會嗎 Let’s find time to catch up.我們找時間趕上。Some people prefer to kill time in the office。一些人寧愿在辦公室消磨時間。(3)time短語串記ahead of time 提前all the time 一直at a time 一次at all times 隨時at no time 絕不at the same time 同時at one time 一度from time to time 有時;不時in no time 立即;馬上(4)有關time 的常見句型It is (high) time to develop our high technology industry.該發展我們的高科技產業了。=It is time (that) we developed (或 should develop) our high technology industry.It takes time to carry out the test.進行這個試驗需要時間。It/This is the first time that she has sung in public.這是她首次公開演唱。It/This was the first time (that)I had been treated with such respect.我是第一次受到這樣的禮遇。He grows younger and younger every time I see him.我每次見到他,他顯得越來越年輕了。I will lend you the book any time you like.我將把這本書借給你,隨便什么時候都可以。典例剖析2( )At no time ________our original aspiration and mission (初心,使命) behind. A.we will leave B.we will forgetC.will we leave D.will we forget 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查短語at no time和倒裝句。 【解析】 根據題意,在任何時候我們都不能忘記初心使命。at no time放在句首,句子要部分倒裝;leave something behind:“把……忘在腦后”,故選C。變式訓練2( )(原創)It is no use worrying about your future.Let’s take it one day________. A at one time B.at a timeC.at no time D.at all timesB【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:不要擔心未來,我們要面對當下,一步一步地來。A項at one time“一度,曾經”,B項at a time“一次,每次”,C項at no time“絕不”,D項at all times“一直”B項符合題意,故選B。3.award n.獎勵、獎品、獎金、助學金 v.獎勵【教材原文】Two excellent Chinese scientists,who were awarded the Medals of the Republic in 2019,are undoubtedly the role models of the times.我國有兩位杰出的科學家于2019年被授予了共和國勛章,毫無疑問,他們是時代楷模。【知識拓展】(1)n.獎勵、獎品、獎金、助學金The child smiled at his teacher as he received the award.孩子接過獎品時朝老師微笑。He got an award for his bravery.因為英勇,他受到了嘉獎。(2) award sb.sth./award sth.to sb.給某人頒發獎品 The university awarded him an honorary degree.這所大學授給他名譽學位。The champion was awarded the gold medal.冠軍被授予了金牌。(3)award,reward,prize詞義辨析award既可作動詞也可作名詞,往往強調榮譽而不在乎獎品的大小或獎金的多少。prize為名詞,多指在各類競賽、競爭中所贏得的獎。reward既可作動詞也可作名詞,指對某人的工作或服務等的報答。也指因幫助別人得到的賞金、酬金。I’m treating myself with a piece of cake as a reward for my day of hard work.我努力工作了一整天,要給自己一塊蛋糕作為獎勵。She received an award for her outstanding contribution to anthropology.她因給人類學領域做出的杰出貢獻而獲獎。He won the first prize in that competition.他在那次比賽中榮獲一等獎。典例剖析3( )We should not hope to get______ without hard work. A.awards B.rewardsC.prize D.price 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。 【解析】 根據題意,我們不應該希望不經過艱苦的努力就能獲得報酬。award 榮譽上的獎勵,reward 報酬,prize獎金,price價格。根據題意B項正確,故選B。變式訓練3( )(原創)The gold medal will ________to anyone who wins the first place in the English speech competition. A.awardB.rewardC.be awardedD.be rewardedC【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:金牌將被頒發給英語演講比賽的第一名,award“給……頒獎”,reward “給……報酬”。C項符合題意,故選C。4.undoubtedly adv.毫無疑問【教材原文】 Two excellent Chinese scientists,who were awarded the Medals of the Republic in 2019,are undoubtedly the role models of the times.我國有兩位杰出的科學家于2019年被授予了共和國勛章,毫無疑問,他們是時代楷模。【知識拓展】(1)undoubtedly adv.毫無疑問 Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost matter.毫無疑問,因特網是幾乎查詢任何信息的最佳途徑。(2)doubt n.疑問,懷疑 doubt用在肯定句中,后面接whether引導的同位語從句。否定句中,后面接that引導的同位語從句。 I have no doubt that he will succeed.我相信他會成功的。There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.毫無疑問,他們在這件事上會同意你的意見的。He had his doubts whether they would give him another chance to have a try.他不能肯定他們是否會再給他一次機會試一試。(3)doubt常與about/of搭配There is no doubt about it.此事無可懷疑。I have no doubt of his ability.對于他的能力我毫不懷疑。(4)doubt 用作動詞時,在否定句和疑問句中,doubt后面接that引導的賓語從句;在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.我相信他能按時完成任務。Do you doubt that she will succeed 你懷疑她會成功嗎 I doubt whether they can swim across the river.我懷疑他們能否游過河去。He doubts if she will keep her word.他不敢肯定她是否會遵守諾言。典例剖析4( )Excessive drinking will ________affect one’s health. A.accidentally B.unexpectedlyC.undoubtedly D.unlikely 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查副詞。 【解析】 根據題意:飲酒過度,毫無疑問地會影響健康。accidentally“意外地”,unexpectedly出乎意料地,undoubtedly 毫無疑問地,unlikely不可能地,C項符合題意,故選C。變式訓練4( )1.(原創)There is ________that we can have a good time there. A.not doubt B.undoubtedC.no doubt D.undoubtedlyC【試題分析】 本題考查there be句型和詞性識別。【解析】 there be, 后接名詞,因此排除B項和D項,no修飾名詞,因此排除A項。C項符合題意,故選C。( )2.(原創)I hardly doubt ______he will be a great singer. A.that B.whetherC.weather D.whatA【試題分析】 本題考查句型搭配。【解析】 否定詞修飾動詞doubt 時,賓語從句用that引導。根據題意可知:“我從不懷疑他一定會成為偉大的歌唱家”,A項符合題意,故選A。5.solution n.解答;解決辦法【教材原文】Yuan set world records in hybrid rice yields in 1999,2005,2011 and 2017,providing a solution to worldwide hunger.袁隆平分別在1999年、2005年、2011年和2017年創造了雜交水稻產量的世界紀錄,為全球饑餓問題提供了解決方案。【知識拓展】(1)a solution to一個……的解決方法 I found the solution to the problem.我找到了這個問題的解決方法。Do you have a better solution 你有更好的解決辦法嗎 I do not have a simple solution to the drug problem.我并沒有一個簡單的解決毒品問題的方法。(2)solve v.解決,解答 How do you solve the problem 你怎么解決這個問題的 She tried her best to solve the problem.她盡了最大的努力解決這個問題。We’ll solve the case ourselves and surprise everyone.我們將自己解決這件事,并讓所有人吃驚。(3)solve a problem解決問題;answer a question回答問題典例剖析5( )We should try to think up a good way________ the problem. A.to solve B.for solveC.in solving D.of solution 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查短語搭配。 【解析】 the way通常后接to do 或 of doing 作定語。根據題意:我們應當想出解決這個問題的方法。A 項符合題意。故選A。變式訓練5( )1.(原創)Perhaps time would ________the problem. A.answer B.replyC.solve D.respondC【試題分析】 本題考查語境中詞義識別。【解析】 answer“回答” 可以和question搭配,但不可以和problem搭配,故排除A項,reply to “回答,回應”,respond to“對……作出應對”,B項和D項都缺少介詞to,不能帶賓語,故排除。C項solve“解決”,C項符合題意。故選C。( )2.One solution to this problem is________and store the seeds(種子) as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. A.collect B.collectingC.to collect D.collectedC【試題分析】 本題考查非謂語動詞作表語。【解析】 is后接非謂語動詞作表語。A項是謂語動詞原形,故排除。根據and后動詞原形 store,推測and前應填動詞不定式。所以排除B項和D項。C項符合題意,故選C。6.treatment n.對待,款待,治療方案【教材原文】This drug became the standard treatment for malaria on World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines List.此藥成為世界衛生組織基本藥物清單中治療瘧疾的標準藥物。【知識拓展】(1)treat用作動詞,表示“對待” “看作”,注意以下搭配:They treated us with kindness.他們對我們很好。They treat me with respect.他們尊重我。Don’t treat me as/like a child./Don’t treat me as if I were a child.別把我當小孩對待。(2)表示“治療”,通常只表示治療的過程,并不強調治療的結果(即不表明治好與否)。Which doctor is treating her 哪個醫生在給她治病 He is being treated with a new drug.他正在接受一種新藥的治療。注:表示“治愈”的結果,要用動詞 cure。(3)表示“論述” “探討”等,用作及物或不及物(后接介詞of)動詞。The article treats (of) an important subject.這本書論述一個重要問題。注:用作不及物動詞后接介詞 of 的用法,主要見于較正式或較舊的文體。(4)表示“請客(吃)” “給人(享受)”,通常用作及物動詞;要表示用什么請客或給人以什么享受,通常用介詞 to。He treated me to the theatre.他請我看戲。He treated each of the children to an ice-cream.他請每個孩子吃冰淇淋。注:有時可用于自己。I decided to treat myself a taxi.我決定坐一次計程車。注:表示“請客”,還可用作名詞。It’s my treat.我請客(由我付賬)。典例剖析6( )The old lady was said________ her dog as her child. A to treat B.treatedC.treating D.treat 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查句型和短語搭配。 【解析】 根據題意:據說這位老人把她的狗當成自己的孩子一樣對待。把……當成……來對待: “treat someone as…”,“be said to do”據說做某事。因此A項符合題意,故選A。變式訓練6( )1.(原創)It’s an illness that can result in death unless ________in time. A.treat B.treatingC.to treat D.treatedD【試題分析】 本題考查狀語從句的省略。【解析】 unless引導的從句省略了主語和be動詞,把主語和be動詞還原“unless the illness is treated”除非疾病得到治療,疾病應該是被治療,應該用被動語態“is treated”,故選D。( )2.(原創)There have been great advances in the treatment ________cancer. A.to B.forC.in D.atB【試題分析】 本題考查名詞短語搭配。【解析】 the treatment for“對……的治療”,故選B。7.achievement n.成就;成績【教材原文】 For more than 60 years,he deliberately kept his past achievements a secret,even from his children and worked hard for the people’s wellbeing.60多年來,張富清默默無聞,全心全意為人民謀幸福,他刻意隱藏功名,連兒女也不知情。【知識拓展】(1)achieve sth.實現某事She finally achieved her ambition to visit South America.她終于實現了去南美洲旅游的夢想。I’ve been working all day,but I feel as if I’ve achieved nothing.我干了整整一天,但覺得好像什么都沒有做成。(2)be achievable是可實現的Before you set your targets,make sure that they are achievable.在制定目標前,首先要確定這些目標是你力所能及的。(3)achievement of sth.……的成就a sense of achievement 成就感It gives you a sense of achievement if you actually make it to the end of a very long book.如果你能真正讀完一本厚書,就會有一種成就感。典例剖析7( )We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of ________. A.achievement B.departmentC.treatment D.entertainment 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查名詞。 【解析】 句意:我們年輕人盡我們最大的努力實現我們的夢想,共同取得一個小小的勝利就會給我們一種成就感。achievement成就;department部門;treatment治療;entertainment娛樂。根據“a small success can give us a sense of”可知,表達成就感,用名詞“achievement”。故選A。變式訓練7( )1.You can only achieve success ________hard work. A.across B.aboveC.through D.into【試題分析】 本題考查介詞辨析。【解析】 句意:只有通過努力工作,你才能取得成功。through“通過”,因此C項符合題意,故選C。C ( )2.Su Yiming ________his dream in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. A.achieves B.achievedC.has achieved D.was achievedB 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞時態。【解析】 根據句末的時間狀語“in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.”謂語動詞achieve應用一般過去式。achieve his dream“實現夢想”。因此B項符合題意,故選B。8.keep v.保持;繼續(做某事);(為某人)保留,留下【教材原文】For more than 60 years,he deliberately kept his past achievements a secret,even from his children and worked hard for the people’s wellbeing.60多年來,張富清默默無聞,全心全意為人民謀幸福,他刻意隱藏功名,連兒女也不知情。【知識拓展】(1)vt.保存;保留;留下;不必還Could you keep these letters for me,please 你能替我保存這些信嗎 I’ll keep a seat for you.我給你留個座位。You can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜歡就把鋼筆留下吧。Keep the change.不用找零錢了。(2)遵守;維護Everyone must keep the rules.人人必須遵守規章制度。The teacher is keeping order in class.老師正在課堂上維持秩序。(3)照顧;養活She kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹生病時,她照看她了一個星期。I have a family to keep.我得養活一家人。(4)記(日記、賬等)She keeps a diary every day.她堅持每天記日記。He keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他詳細地記載他所花的錢數和假期中所發生的事情。(5)意為“使……保持某種(狀態、位置或動作等)”。keep的賓語后接補足語,構成復合賓語。其中賓語補足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現在分詞和過去分詞等充當。We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容詞)我們應保持教室整潔干凈。You’d better keep the child away from the fire.(副詞)你最好讓孩子離火遠一點。The bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介詞短語)壞天氣使我們不能出門。Don’t keep me waiting for long.(現在分詞)別讓我等太久。The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(過去分詞)班上其他同學都閉著眼睛。(6)常見搭配keep away意為“(使)離開;(使)不接近”,其后常接介詞fromkeep back意為“阻止;留在后面”keep up with意為“跟上;和……來往”keep…in mind意為“把……記在心里”典例剖析8( )It can help to________ vegetables,fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. A.protect B.keepC.protest D.stay 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。 【解析】 A項 protect保護;B項keep保存,保鮮;C項protest抗議;D項stay停留。根據題意:這有助于在炎熱的夏天給蔬菜水果保鮮。B項符合題意,故選B。變式訓練8( )1.(原創)Don’t keep him________ such foolish things. A.doing B.from doingC.on doing D.to do【試題分析】 本題考查短語辨析。【解析】 keep someone doing“讓……一直做”,keep someone from doing“阻止……做某事”。結合題意:不要讓他一直做這樣愚蠢的事情。所以A項符合題意,故選A。A ( )2.(原創)Please keep us________ of any change of your address. A.informing B.informC.informed D.to inform【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語搭配。C 【解析】 keep someone doing“讓……人一直做”,doing和someone間是主動關系,keep someone done“讓……被”done和someone間是被動關系。根據句意“如果你的地址有變化,請及時通知我。”,inform和us 間是被動關系,C項符合題意,故選C。( )3.(2023·安徽職教高考真題)Further north,people need thicker clothes to ________the cold in winter. A.keep out B.put offC.pick up D.take downA 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語搭配。【解析】 keep out為“阻止、扣留”;put off為“推遲、敷衍”;pick up為“拿起、拾起、獲得”;take down為“取下、拿下、寫下”。句意:再往北,人們需要更厚的衣服抵御冬天的嚴寒。故選A。1.look up to 尊敬、敬仰、欽佩、仰望、看得起【教材原文】Well,other classmates look up to scientists,such as Yuan Longping,Tu Youyou and Yu Min.是的,也有其他同學尊敬科學家,比如袁隆平、屠呦呦和于敏。重點詞組【知識拓展】(1)look up to someone表達“尊敬、敬仰、欽佩、仰望、看得起”。Most boys look up to sports stars,and some even dream of being like them when they grow up.大多數男孩子都欽佩體育明星,并且他們都夢想長大后能成為像他們一樣的人。They all look up to their teacher.他們都很欽佩他們的老師。(2)look up to sb.as…把某人當作……、將某人尊為……I was very close to my grandmother and really looked up to her.She was so wise and always gave the best advice.我和我已逝的奶奶那時的關系非常好,我很敬仰她。她這個人很有智慧,總是給我最好的建議。(3)look down on輕視Only those foolish people look down on the life of animals and plants.只有那些愚蠢的人才輕視動物和植物的生命。(4)look 短語串記look at 看look around 環顧look back on 回顧look for 尋找look forward to 期待look into 朝里看,調查look out 小心,當心look after 照顧,照料look through 瀏覽look like 看起來像look up to 尊重,尊敬look up 查閱look down on 輕視,瞧不起典例剖析1( )My father is the first one that I________. A.look up B.look up toC.look at D.look through 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查短語辨析。 【解析】 句意:父親是我第一個欽佩的人。定語從句that I look up to修飾先行詞 the first one,B項符合題意,故選B。變式訓練1( )1.(改編)She likes to ________the window. A.look out B.look upC.look out of D.look up toC【試題分析】 本題考查動詞詞組辨析。【解析】 look out小心,當心;look up 查閱;look out of朝……外面看;look up to 尊重,尊敬,句意:她喜歡朝窗戶外面看。因此C項符合題意,故選C。( )2.When I was on vacation,Jenny helped me ________my pet. A.looks after B.looked afterC.looking after D.look after【試題分析】 本題考查短語搭配。【解析】 look after照顧,照料,help someone do something幫助某人做某事。所以D項符合題意。故選D。D 2.be known as作為……而著名 【教材原文】One of them is Yuan Longping,known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.其中一位是被譽為“雜交水稻之父”的袁隆平。【知識拓展】(1)be known as 意為“作為……而著名”,其后的名詞表示一個人的身份、職業等。 Liu Huan is known as a singer.劉歡作為一個歌手而出名。We’re sure you’ll be well-known as an artist.我們相信你會成為一位著名的畫家。(2)be known for 意為“因……而著名”,其后所接內容表示某人或物的特點、特長等。 Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美麗的山水而聞名。Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day.蓋爾多夫先生因在同一天組織兩場大型的流行音樂會而出名。(3)be known to “為……所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的詞語。“(人們都)知道”,其后接動詞原形。 He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。He was known to have invented many things.=It was known that he had invented many things.人們都知道他已經發明了很多東西。(4)be known in在某地很著名 He is well-known in the town where he was born.他在自己出生的那個鎮子上很出名。典例剖析2( )Beijing ______all.It is the capital of China. A.is known to B.is known asC.is known for D.is known in 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查短語辨析。 【解析】 根據句意:大家都知道北京是中國的首都,be known to “為……所了解”的意思。A項合適,故選A。變式訓練2( )(原創)Daolang ________a best singer,is very famous ________his latest song,Rakshasa Sea City. A.is known as;for B.known as;forC.is known to;as D.known to;asB【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語辨析。【解析】 be known as “作為……而出名”,be known for “因為……而出名”,be known to“對于……而出名”句意:刀郎,一個著名的歌手,因為最近的專輯,《羅剎海市》而聞名。第一個空 be known as作定語,應該填known as。所以B項符合題意,故選B。3.used to do sth.過去常常做某事【教材原文】She is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素),a group of drugs used to treat malaria.她發現了用于治療瘧疾的藥物——青蒿素,也因此成為第一位獲得諾貝爾醫學獎的中國科學家。【知識拓展】(1)used to 后接動詞原形,表示“過去常常做某事;過去存在某種狀態或習慣,暗示現在不再這樣。I used to ride a bike.我以前經常騎自行車。I used to smoke,but I gave up a couple of years ago.我以前抽煙,但幾年前就戒掉了。(2)be used to doing sth.習慣于(做)某事be used to中的to是介詞,后面接名詞或動詞-ing形式,其中be在這里是系動詞,可以用于過去、現在、將來等多種時態,還可以用get,become等詞來代替。I am used to the life here.我已經適應這里的生活了。I’m used to getting up early.我習慣早起了。(3)be used to do sth.被用來做某事This knife is used to cut bread.這個刀子是用來切面包的。Wood is used to make paper.木頭用于造紙。(4)be used for(doing)sth.被用來做某事be used for中的for為介詞,后接名詞或動詞-ing形式,與be used to do sth.同義。例:The machine is used for cutting things.這臺機器是用來切割東西的。(5)be used as作為……被使用 as是介詞,后接名詞。This word can also be used as a verb.這個詞也可以作動詞用。The building is currently being used as a warehouse.這所房子目前用作倉庫。典例剖析3( )He ________like classical music,but now he like it very much. A.didn’t used to B.wasn’t used toC.didn’t use to D.not use to 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語used to 的否定式。 【解析】 used to的否定式有兩種:①didn’t use to; ②used not to。C項符合題意,故選C。變式訓練3( )1.When he was young,he________ live with his parents,but now,he ________at school with his students. A.was used to;used to liveB.used to;is used to livingC.used to;used to liveD.was used to;was used to livingB【試題分析】 本題考查短語辨析和時態。【解析】 used to do“過去常常做某事”,be used to doing “習慣于做某事”,句意:他過去和父母住在一起,但現在習慣和學生一起住在學校。B項符合題意,故選B。( )2.Stones can ________bridge. A.used to build B.used for buildingC.be used to building D.be used to buildD【試題分析】 本題考查短語辨析。【解析】 used to do“過去常常做某事”,be used to doing “習慣于做某事”,be used to do被用來做某事。句意:石頭可以用來建橋,D項符合題意,故選D。4.succeed in doing成功做某事【教材原文】Having done nearly 200 experiments,they finally succeeded in getting artemisinin.經過近200次實驗,他們終于成功獲得了青蒿素。【知識拓展】(1)succeed/s k si d/vi.成功 vt.接替;繼任 succeed in doing sth.成功做成某事He succeeded in getting a place at art school.他被藝術學校錄取了。Who succeeded Kennedy as President 接替肯尼迪任總統的是誰 (2)successful/s k sesfl/adj.成功的be successful in doing sth.成功做成某事They were successful in winning the contract.他們終于爭取到了那份合同。(3)success 【U】n.成功 【C】n.成功的人或事 【高頻搭配】achieve success取得成功 Confidence is the key to success.信心是成功的關鍵。(這里的success是抽象概念,作為不可數名詞哦!)The meeting was a big success.這次會議非常成功。(4)succeed in doing短語have+n.(in) doing sth.做某事有…… have fun (in) doing sth.做某事有樂趣have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有麻煩have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困難have problem (in) doing sth.做某事有問題spend money (time) (in) doing sth.花錢(時間)做某事waste money (time) (in) doing sth.浪費錢(時間)做某事be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事典例剖析4( )Very few people succeed in________ weight and ________it off. A losing;keep B.losing;keepingC.lost;kept D.lose;keeping 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查短語搭配。 【解析】 succeed in doing sth.成功做成某事;根據題意:很少有人減肥成功而且不反彈。in 后面有兩個賓語減肥和不反彈,因此lose和keep都應該用動詞ing形式。故選B。變式訓練4( )(原創)Jimmy finished the speech________,and everyone stood up and cheered. A.badly B.angrilyC.successfully D.unsuccessfullyC【試題分析】 本題考查詞義辨析。【解析】 A項badly“不好地,很差地”,B項angrily“生氣地”,C項successfully“成功地”,D項unsuccessfully“不成功地”。句意:他成功地完成了演講,現場的每一個人都歡呼著,激動地站了起來。C項符合題意,故選C。5.devote…to把……獻(給);把……專用于;專心于【教材原文】In 1955, Zhang retired from the army and devoted his life to the poverty-stricken mountainous areas in Laifeng, a remote county in central China’s Hubei Province. 1955年,張富清退役后來到我國中部省份湖北的貧困山區來鳳縣,在這里奉獻了一輩子。【知識拓展】(1)devote 專心于vt.(與介詞to連用)devote…to (doing) sth.把……獻給(做)某事;獻身;專心于;把……用于We should devote everything we have.我們應該奉獻我們的一切。He devoted a great sum of money to books.他花了一大筆錢買書。(2)devote one’s time/life/money/energy/effort+to (doing) sth.把某人的時間/生命/金錢/精力/努力奉獻給(做)某事He devoted his efforts to the improvement of the parks in the city.他致力于自己努力來改善城市公園。He devoted himself entirely/all his life to education.他將一生奉獻給了教育事業。He could only devote two hours a day to the project,but his devotion to duty is worth respecting.他一天只能在這個項目上花兩個小時,但他忠于職守是值得尊敬的。(3)詞性拓展devotion n.摯愛,忠誠,奉獻;(宗教的)虔誠devoted adj.盡職盡責的,摯愛的,忠誠的;獻身的devote oneself to…=be devoted to…獻身于;專心致力于His devotion to his family and wife is touching.他對妻子和家人的關愛感人至深。Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.她全身心投入工作,幾乎沒有閑暇。He is a devoted father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.他是一個盡職盡責的父親,因為他對女兒要求嚴格,當她有困難時及時鼓勵她。典例剖析5( )A sense of ______is the basic requirement for people working in the fields of education and health care. A.agreement B.attentionC.carefulness D.devotion 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查名詞短語。 【解析】 A項agreement“協議”;B項attention“注意”;C項invitation“邀請”;D項devotion“奉獻,貢獻”。根據句意:奉獻精神是對教育和醫療保健的工作人員最基本的要求。D項符合題意,故選D。變式訓練5( )Few people are able to________ themselves fully to their careers.Once they are ________to them,their________ must bring them a big success. A.devotion;devote;devotedB.devote;devoted;devotionC.devotes;devoted;devotionD.devote;devoted;devotedB【試題分析】 本題考查短語及詞性辨析。【解析】 devote oneself to=be devoted to “奉獻,全身心投入……中”。根據句子結構,第一空前時be able to,后接動詞原形,第二空位于be動詞之后,應該填形容詞。第三空位于their后,應填名詞。B項符合題意,故選B。1.Hey, Li Hua, would you like to go to watch the tennis match with me this Sunday 嘿,李華,想跟我一起去看這周日的網球比賽嗎 句子結構分析:would you like to do。重點句子【知識拓展】(1)would like的基本用法would like意為“想,想要”,與want意義相同,但語氣更委婉。would like可與任何人稱連用,沒有人稱和數的變化,其后可接名詞、代詞賓格或動詞不定式。其中,would是情態動詞,常可縮寫為’d。Lucy would like some eggs.露西想要一些雞蛋。We’d like to watch TV after school.放學之后,我們想要看電視。(2)would like的固定句型①Would you like some… 你想要一些……嗎 該句型常用于征求對方的意見。肯定回答常用“Yes,please.”,而否定回答常用“No,thanks.”。需要特別注意的是,在該句型中要用some,而不用any,以表示說話人希望得到肯定回答。—Would you like some apples 你想要一些蘋果嗎 —Yes,please.是的,我想要。—No,thanks.不,謝謝。②Would you like to… 你愿意去做……嗎 該句型表示向對方有禮貌地提出建議或發出邀請,其中like可用love替換。—Would you like/love to play football with me 你想要和我一起踢足球嗎 —Yes,I’d like/love to.是的,我非常愿意。—I’d like/love to.But I’m too busy.我非常愿意,但我太忙了。(3)would like to do sth.想要做某事;would like sb.to do sth.想要某人去做某事。He would like to go out for a walk.他想要出去散步。I’d like you to meet them.我想要你見他們。拓展:當主語是第一人稱時,would可換成should,like也可換成love。I should love the coat.我想要這件大衣。典例剖析1( )—Would you like some more —________. I’m full. A.Yes, please B.I’d love toC.No, I won’t D.No, thanks 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查口語交際。 【解析】 Would you like some… 你想要一些……嗎 該句型常用于征求對方的意見。肯定回答常用“Yes,please.”,而否定回答常用“No,thanks.”D項符合題意,故選D。變式訓練1( )1.—Would you like to go to the concert with me —________,but I can’t.I have a lot of homework to do. A.I’d love to B.I would rather toC.I had better to D.I feel like toA【試題分析】 本題考查would you like to do 句型。【解析】 Would you like some… 你想要一些……嗎 該句型常用于征求對方的意見。根據答句中的轉折詞but,因為有很多作業要做,不能去聽音樂會,前面應該是肯定回答。所以A項符合題意。故選A。( )2.—Would you like me to bring you a cup of coffee —________. A.Yes, I’d like toB.It’s a pleasureC.Yes, pleaseD.It doesn’t matterC【試題分析】 本題考查would you like句型。【解析】 Would you like some… 你想要一些……嗎 該句型常用于征求對方的意見。肯定回答常用“Yes,please.”所以C項符合題意,故選C。2.I can’t agree more.That’s why I admire your mother so much.我太同意了。這就是我非常敬佩你母親的原因。句子結構分析: This is why…這就是……的原因。【知識拓展】(1)This/That is why…是一個固定句型,意為“這/那就是……的原因。”,why引導表語從句,表示結果的內容。That is why they came here.那就是他們為啥來這兒。That’s why she was fired.那就是她被解雇的原因。(強調結果)(2)This/That is because…這/那就是因為……(強調原因)I am hungry right now.This is because I forgot to have breakfast this morning.我現在很餓,這是因為我早上忘記吃早飯。—You look tired.你看起來很累。—That may be because I didn’t have a good sleep yesterday evening.也許是因為昨天晚上我沒睡好。(3)The reason why…is that… ……的原因是……(why 和that引導的分別是定語從句和表語從句,在“The reason why…is that…”句型中,that不能換成because。)The reason why he is late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.他上課經常遲到的原因是他有早上晚起的壞習慣。The reason why I was sad was that he didn’t understand me.我難過的原因是他沒有理解我。The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed.他缺席的原因是他沒接到通知。典例剖析2( )He did not see the film last night.That is ________he had to help his little sister with her homework. A.because B.whyC.that D.for 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查表語從句的引導詞。 【解析】 根據句意:他昨天晚上沒有去看電影,那是因為他不得不在家幫他妹妹輔導家庭作業。This/That is because…這/那就是因為……(強調原因)。因此A項符合題意,故選A。仿寫運用1(補全句子)1.The reason ________he was late was ________he missed the train by one minute this morning. 2.As is known to all,he is honest.That’s ________I believe in him all the time. why that why【試題分析】 本題考查表語從句引導詞。【解析】 1.句型 the reason why…was that…“……的原因是”;2.That is why…“那就是……的原因”。3.She is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素),a group of drugs used to treat malaria.她發現了用于治療瘧疾的藥物——青蒿素,也因此成為第一位獲得諾貝爾醫學獎的中國科學家。句子結構分析:名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式。【知識拓展】動詞不定式作定語(1)動詞不定式作定語,表將來的動作。We must find a person to do the job.我們必須找到一個人來做這項工作。We need someone to go and get a doctor.我們需要有人去請醫生。The man to give us a talk next week is a scientist.(=who will give us a talk next week)下周要給我們作報告的人是個科學家。(2)名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式作定語。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奧運會上第一個獲得金牌的女選手。He was the best man to do the job.他是做這個工作最好的人選。(3)不定式作定語與被修飾名詞構成動賓關系,并且不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語時,不定式用主動形式表示被動意義,注意:若被修飾的名詞與其后作定語的不定式有動賓關系,且其中的動詞為不及物動詞,此時應注意在其后加適當的介詞。如:He found a good house to live in.他找到了一個居住的好房子。The child has nothing to worry about.這個孩子無憂無慮。I have some homework to do.(主語I做)我有一些作業要做。但如果不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語時,需用被動形式。如:I’m going to Shanghai.Do you have anything to be taken to your parents (不是主語you做)我要去上海。你有東西要帶給你父母嗎 (4)抽象名詞ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,desire,determination,decision,plan,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等或不定代詞something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語。Do you have the ability to read and write in English 你有用英語讀和寫的能力嗎 She has the desire to do useful work.她渴望去做有用的工作。Let us give him something to eat.讓我們給他一些吃的東西。典例剖析3( )The best way ________your English is to join an English club. A.to improve B.improvingC.improved D.being improved 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查不定式作定語。 【解析】 根據句意:提高英語成績最好的方法是加入一個英語俱樂部。名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式作定語。A項符合題意,故選A。仿寫運用2(將下列動詞的適當形式填空)1.With the world changing fast,we have something new________(deal)with all by ourselves every day. 2.The last one__________(arrive)pays the meal. 3.On 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person inthe world ________(go) into space. to dealto arrive to go【試題分析】 本題考查不定式作定語。【解析】 1.have something to do“有事要做”2.名詞前有last等詞修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式作定語。3.名詞前有first等詞修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式作定語。4.Having done nearly 200 experiments,they finally succeeded in getting artemisinin.經過近200次實驗,他們終于成功獲得了青蒿素。句子結構分析: 現在分詞的完成式作狀語。【知識拓展】(1)現在分詞完成式的基本結構由“having+過去分詞”構成,現在分詞完成式所表的動作發生在謂語動詞所表的動作之前,常用作狀語,表時間和原因。表時間時常置于句前,表原因時常置于句末或句首。Having finished her work,she went home.她干完工作就回家了。(相當于after she had finished her work)Having failed twice,he didn’t want to try again.他已經失敗了兩次,不想再試了。(相當于as he had failed twice)Having lost all my money,I went home.我把錢全丟了,于是我就回家了。Having written down our names and addresses,the policeman let us go.那個警察把我們的姓名和地址記下之后就讓我們走了。(2)有時現在分詞一般式與完成式雖皆表已完成的動作,但二者的含義稍有不同:前者與謂語動詞無時隔,后者與謂語動詞則有時隔。試比較:Locking the door,she went out.她鎖上門走了出去。(locking與went out之間無時隔)Having finished his pipe,he rose from the table.他抽完了煙斗之后,從飯桌旁站了起來。(having finished與rose有時隔,以免唐突無禮)(3)當分詞與句子的主語構成被動關系,且此分詞動作(明確地)發生在句子的謂語動詞之前或持續發生一段時間時,可用現在分詞的被動完成式(having been done) 作狀語。Having been shown around the classroom,we were taken to visit the lab.被領著參觀了教室后,我們又被帶著參觀了實驗室。Having been separated for many years by the war,they couldn’t recognize each other.因戰爭而分離多年后,他們都認不出對方了。Having been told many times,the boy still didn’t know how to do it.盡管被告知多次了,那個小男孩他仍然不知如何去做。典例剖析4( )_______ down by a car,he spent a week in the hospital. A.Having knockedB.Having been knockedC.Being knockedD.Have been knocked 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。 【解析】 根據句意:被車撞了之后,他在醫院住了一周。動詞放在句首,有“,”號和后面的句子隔開,因此可判斷是非謂語動詞作狀語,因此排除D項。非謂語動詞和主語he是被動關系,故排除A項,被車撞是發生在他去醫院住院前,應用現在分詞的完成式,所以B項符合題意,故選B。變式訓練2( )1.________ many times,he still repeated the same mistakes. A.Having told B.Having been toldC.Being told D.Have been toldB【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:他已經被別人告訴很多次了,但還是犯了相同的錯誤。現在分詞位于句首作狀語,被告訴的動作發生在他犯錯之前,所以要用現在分詞的完成式,“告訴”和主語之間是被動關系,所以用被動式。因此B項符合題意,故選B。( )2.________ a reply,he decided to write again. A.Not being received B.Having not receivedC.Not having received D.Being not receivedC【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:沒有收到回復,他決定繼續寫信。根據句意要用完成式作狀語,現在分詞的否定式,否定詞not 要放在現在分詞的最前面。所以C項符合題意,故選C。5.It was she who proposed the clause on “equal pay for equal work between men and women”,which was written into the first Constitution of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1954.她提出的“男女同工同酬”的提案于1954年被寫進了中華人民共和國的第一部《憲法》。句子結構分析:強調句型“It was…who/that…”【知識拓展】(1)連接詞的運用在這種強調句型中,一般說來,只用that進行連接,that沒有實際意義,只起語法連接作用。只有指人時,可以用who代替that。It was in Shanghai that I was born.我就是在上海出生的。It was mum that/who made me a promise to send me to the best middle school.是媽媽承諾要把我送到最好的中學的。(2)時態的運用強調句中be的時態要依原句的時態而定,即原句為過去的某種時態,則強調句中的be就用was;原句為現在的某種時態,強調句中用is。有時還可用It might be/must have been/can’t be…that/who…等句式。It is Jack who loves football most in our class.我們班最喜愛足球的人是杰克。It was because I was stuck in the traffic that I came late.我正是因為遇到交通堵塞才來晚的。It might be tomorrow evening that the news will be broadcast.這則消息或許在明天晚上播出。It must have been Eda who phoned yesterday.昨天一定是伊達打來的電話。(3)人稱和數的運用被強調的部分若是句子的主語,that/who之后的謂語動詞在人稱和數上應與句子的主語保持一致。It is I that/who am going to study abroad.是我要去國外學習。It is he that/who is leaving for Shanghai on business.是他將要去上海出差。(4)對not…until…句型的強調與否定詞連用的until短語或從句在被強調時應連同not一起放在被強調部分中。It is not until you’ve finished your homework that you are allowed to go out.直到你把作業做完才準出去。It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.直到1920年才開始發射正常的無線電波。(5)強調句的疑問形式①強調句的一般疑問式是“Is/Was it+被強調部分+that/who… ”Is it your brother who works in that company 是你哥哥在那家公司工作嗎 Was it in this palace that the emperor died 皇帝是在這座宮殿里駕崩的嗎 ②強調句的特殊疑問句式是“特殊疑問詞+is/was+it that… ”Who was it that wrote these famous plays 是誰寫了這些著名的戲劇 Where was it that you picked up the wallet 你是在哪里撿到這個錢包的 When was it that you lost your luggage 你究竟是什么時候丟的行李 典例剖析5( )It was at this park ________we first met. A.where B.whichC.that D.when 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查強調句型。 【解析】 根據題意:就是在這個公園我們第一次見面。本句強調地點狀語“at this park”,強調句型的連接詞不可用where、when、how等副詞,應該用that,故選C。仿寫運用3(補全句子)1.正是他所做的事使我很失望。It was what he did ________disappointed me. 2.正是我姐姐跟我說的。It was my sister _________told me about it. 3.我們正是在昨天聽到這件事的。(時間)It was yesterday ________we heard about it. that that/whothat【試題分析】 本題考查強調句型為It was … who/that…。【解析】 1.強調主語從句what he did:It was what he did that…;2.強調主語my sister:It was my sister that/who……,由于被強調部分是指人的名詞,所以連詞可以用that或者who;3.強調時間狀語 yesterday:It was yesterday that…非謂語動詞作狀語定義:不定式、分詞作狀語時,可以位于句首、句中或者句末,其作用相當于一個相應的狀語從句。構成:動詞不定式或分詞+賓語等構成的不定式或分詞短語。1.不定式作狀語的用法:①作目的狀語,意為“為了”。To pass the college entrance exam,we must work hard.常用句型:表目的的不定式還常與so as或in order連用,構成so as(not) to do sth.和in order(not) to do sth.的動詞不定式結構,在句中充當目的狀語。so as to do sth.不可用于句首。 To get there in time,we got up very early.為了及時趕到那里,我們早早地起床了。=In order to get there in time,we got up very early.=We got up very early(in order/so as) to get there in time.②作結果狀語,不定式作結果狀語常表示令人意外的結果。I went to see him last night only to find him out.③作原因狀語,常用在表示情感或態度的形容詞后,如“sorry,surprised,disappointed”等,常用結構為“主語+系動詞+形容詞+to do”。Tom was very happy to see his mother.2.分詞作狀語的用法:①現在分詞和過去分詞作狀語,多說明動作發生的方式或伴隨情況。主語在邏輯上與分詞如果是主動關系,則用現在分詞。Hearing the bad news,she burst into tears.聽到這個壞消息,她痛哭流涕。(時間狀語) →When/As she heard the bad news,she burst into tears.(時間狀語從句)②主語在邏輯上與分詞如果是被動關系,則用過去分詞。Given more time,we could have done it better.如果再多給些時間,我們可以做得更好。(條件狀語) →If we are given more time,we could have done it better.(條件狀語從句)③現在分詞作結果狀語多位于句末,表示謂語動詞本身的動作造成的結果,其作用相當于一個狀語從句。It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱,造成那個國家洪水泛濫。→It rained heavily,which caused severe flooding in that country.④如果不定式或分詞表示的動作在謂語動詞表示的動作之前發生,該不定式或分詞需用完成式。I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.對不起給你添了這么多麻煩。Having finished my homework,I went to play football.完成了作業后,我出去踢球了。→After I finished my homework,I went to play football.⑤作原因狀語。Not understanding this,he asked the teacher about it.⑥表方式或伴隨狀語。The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.3.獨立主格結構作狀語:當非謂語動詞作狀語時,邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致,這時分詞就需要帶上自己的邏輯主語,構成獨立主格結構作狀語:①“名詞(代詞)+過去分詞”。The signal given,the bus started.→After the signal was given,the bus started.信號發出后,公共汽車就啟動了。②“名詞(代詞)+現在分詞”。Today being Monday,the library isn’t open.→As(Since)today is Monday,the library isn’t open.今天星期一,圖書館不開放。Summer coming,it gets hotter and hotter.→As summer comes,it gets hotter and hotter.隨著夏天的到來,天氣越來越熱了。③“名詞(代詞)+不定式”。With so many people to help him,he is sure to succeed.→As so many people help him,he is sure to succeed.有如此多的人來幫助他,他一定會成功的。④有時可以用with引出。He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在那里眼睛看著天空。All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.一整個下午他都鎖著門工作。With all these mouths to feed,he didn’t know what to do.有那么多張嘴要去喂,他不知道怎么辦。4.“連詞+非謂語動詞”作狀語①可以看作非謂語動詞前面加連詞。Although answering(=Although Tom answered) all the questions in the test,Tom did not get a good grade.盡管在考試中回答了所有的問題,湯姆也沒有得到好成績。(answer和Tom之間是主動關系)②也可以是狀語從句的省略。在時間、條件狀語從句中,從句的主語與主句主語一致(或者從句的主語是it),并且從句謂語中含有be,則把從句的be和主語一起省略。The flowers his friend gave him will die unless watered(=unless they are watered)every day.他的朋友送給他的花,如果不每天澆水就會死的。(water和flowers之間是被動關系)鏈接真題( )(2023·安徽職教高考真題)My mother is a hopeful and confident person,always ______the good in others. A.seeing B.seenC.to see D.seeA【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作伴隨狀語。【解析】 句意:我媽媽是一個對未來充滿希望和信心的人,她總能看到別人的優點。always seeing the good in others作伴隨狀語,故選A。練一練( )1.I stopped the car ________a short break as I was feeling tired. A.taking B.takenC.to take D.is takingC【試題分析】 本題考查不定式作狀語。【解析】 句意:當我感覺累的時候,我停下了車去休息一會兒。不定式 to take a short break作目的狀語。所以C項正確。故選C。( )2.Tom was very happy ______his mother. A.to see B.seeingC.is seeing D.was seeingA【試題分析】 本題考查不定式作狀語。【解析】 句意:因為看到媽媽,Tom非常開心。不定式to see his mother充當原因狀語。A項符合題意,故選 A項。( )3.(原創)I went to see him last night only/just ________him out. A.found B.foundedC.to find D.findingC【試題分析】 本題考查不定式作狀語。【解析】 句意:昨天晚上我去看他的時候,卻發現他出去了。不定式to find him out作結果狀語,不定式作結果狀語常表示令人意外的結果,所以C項符合題意,故選C。( )4.He turned off the lamp,______ nothing. A.saw B.seenC.seeing D.to seeC【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:他關了燈,結果什么都看不到了。現在分詞短語seeing nothing作結果狀語,表示謂語動詞本身的動作造成的結果。所以C項符合題意,故選C。( )5.________ by the progress he has made,he works harder. A.Was encouragedB.Were encouragedC.Encouraged D.EncouragingC【試題分析】 本題考查過去分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:受到他已經取得的進步的鼓舞,他更加認真努力了。encourage和主語 he 之間是被動關系,所以用過去分詞短語encouraged by the progress he has made 作狀語。C項符合題意,故選C。( )6.________ at home,John didn’t feel afraid at all. A.Leaving B.LeftC.To leave D.Were leftB【試題分析】 本題考查過去分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:被獨自留在家里,John 一點都不害怕。動詞短語 leave someone at home 和主語John之間是被動關系,John是被家人獨自留在家里。所以用過去分詞短語left at home 作狀語,所以B項符合題意,故選 B。( )7.—How can I make progress in my study,Sir —________ an effective learner,you should find some good approaches. A.Been B.BeingC.To be D.WasC【試題分析】 本題考查動詞不定式作狀語。【解析】 句意:要想成為一個有效率的學習者,你應該去找一些好的方法。to be an effective leaner,作目的狀語。所以C項符合題意,故選C。( )8.________in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star. A.Raised B.RaisingC.To be raised D.To raiseA【試題分析】 本題考查過去分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:在Glasgow最貧窮的地方被撫養長大,他的足球明星之路是漫長而艱苦的。raise 有“撫養”的意思,和主語he之間是被動關系,在時間上被撫養長大是在成為明星之前,所以用過去分詞短語 raised in the poorest area of Glasgow 作狀語。故選A。( )9.A good listener takes part in the conversation,_______ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing. A.offers B.offeringC.offered D.being offeredB【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:一個好的傾聽者會積極參與到對話中,不時地主動發布看法、提出問題,以確保談話順利進行下去。offering ideas and raising questions 作伴隨狀語,故選B。( )10.Lucy pretended to be cheerful,________ nothing about the argument. A.saying B.saidC.was saying D.was saidA【試題分析】 本題考查現在分詞作狀語。【解析】 句意:Lucy對于分歧什么都沒說,她假裝很開心。saying nothing about the argument作狀語,A項符合題意,故選A。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫