資源簡介 (共112張PPT)Unit 5 Natural Wonders in the World基礎模塊 三 本單元在職教高考考試中考查的重點是直接引語和間接引語,同時結合句型、時態辨析命制題目,題目難度適中,在一輪復習中要能夠運用本單元所學單詞和短語,對語法和詞匯等語言知識的操練,提高語言運用的準確性,解決本單元的重難點、疑難點、易錯易混點,這些內容將是命題的方向,為提高閱讀能力打下堅實的基礎。[速記后做詞匯默寫本及時鞏固]Ⅰ.記重點單詞1.fall n.瀑布 2.locate v.位于;定位3.wonder n.奇觀 v.對(某事)感到好奇;自問 4.unique adj.獨特的;獨一無二的5.flat-topped adj.平頂的 6.forecast v.預測;預報7.attract v.吸引 8.interview v.& n.采訪9.destination n.目的地;終點10.devil n.魔鬼11.pirate n.海盜 12.lifelike adj.栩栩如生的;逼真的13.distance n.距離;遠方 14.border n.邊界15.range v.(在……內)變動;延伸 16.rift n.裂縫17.discover v.發現 18.lie v.位于19.figure n.人物;(人的)體型20.impressive adj.印象深刻的Ⅱ.記重點詞組1.base camp 大本營 2.travel agency 旅行社3.on the way在途中;將要到來 4.look like 看起來像……5.natural wonders 自然景觀 6.introduce…to… 向……介紹……7.take it easy不著急,慢慢來 8.be known as 被認為是;被稱為9.take a rest休息 10.according to根據Ⅲ.記重點句子1.Many travelers say the Himalayas have the most beautiful mountains they have ever seen.很多人說,喜馬拉雅山有他們曾經見過的最美的山。2.Can you see the cloud on the top of the mountain 你能看見山頂的云嗎 3.It is also said that this piece of cloud can forecast the weather.據說,這種云還可以預報天氣。4.Seen from distance,the high stones seem to be a “forest”.從遠處看,這些高的石頭看起來像森林。5.Our travel agency has worked out a list of natural wonders for your travel destinations.我們旅行社已經為您列出了一份自然奇觀的清單,作為您的旅游目的地。1.wonder n.景觀;奇觀 v.想知道【教材原文】I will go to the wonders myself someday.某一天,我會自己去那些景觀。重點單詞【知識拓展】(1)wonder n.景觀;奇觀What are the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇觀是什么 (2)It’s a wonder (that)…令某人驚奇的是…… It is a wonder that he managed to finish the marathon despite the injury.真是令人驚訝,盡管受傷,他竟然成功完成了馬拉松。(3)(It’s)No wonder (that)…難怪…… It’s no wonder that he failed the exam.He didn’t study at all.難怪他考試不及格,他根本沒學。(4)wonder v.想知道 I wonder what will happen at the party this weekend.我想知道這個周末的派對會發生什么。(5)wonderful adj.精彩的,令人驚奇的,絕妙的。 The human mind is a wonderful thing.人類的思維實在是一種很奇妙的東西。典例剖析1( )Kate is a top student in her class.It’s ________she always gets the first place in the exam. A.no good B.no wonderC.no entry D.no way 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查名詞辨析,從詞義入手,找到符合句意的名詞。 【解析】 句意:凱特是班上的尖子生。難怪她總是在考試中取得第一名。no good無益;no wonder難怪;no entry不準入內;no way沒門。根據“Kate is a top student in her class.”可知因為凱特是尖子生,所以她總是在考試中獲得第一名并不奇怪,空處填“難怪”符合語境。故選B。變式訓練1( )I think the talk show is boring,so I ________why Lucy likes it so much. A.decide B.findC.wonder D.agreeC【試題分析】 考查動詞辨析,從詞義入手,找到符合句意的動詞。【解析】 句意:我覺得這個脫口秀很無聊,所以我想知道為什么Lucy這么喜歡它。decide決定;find找到;wonder想知道,好奇;agree同意。根據句意,故選C。2.advice n.建議;勸告【教材原文】Advice for travelling to the Himalayas.喜馬拉雅山之行的建議。【知識拓展】“建議”的相關表達(1)advice 是不可數名詞不可用a number of、many和several等限定可數名詞的詞語修飾。a piece of advice 一條建議 two pieces of advice兩條建議 give sb.some advice 給某人一些建議 take/follow one’s advice聽從某人的建議 (2)suggestion 是可數名詞There are several suggestions for you.有幾條建議給你。(3) advise與suggest的常見用法總結 用法 例句suggest suggest doing sth.建議做某事 He suggested going out for a walk.他建議出去走一走。 用法 例句advise advise doing sth.建議做某事 He advised going out for a walk.他建議出去走一走。advise sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事 He advised us to go out for a walk.他建議我們出去走一走。advise sb.not to do sth.建議某人不做某事 Many teachers advise us not to play computer games.That is bad for our eyes.很多老師建議我們不去玩電腦游戲,那對我們的眼睛有害。be advised to do sth.被建議做某事 After staying in hospital for long,the patient was advised to go out for a walk.在醫院住了很長時間后,建議病人出去走走。 用法 例句suggest/advise+(that)+主語+(should) do+sth. He suggested/advised that we should go out for a walk.他建議我們應當出去走一走。典例剖析2( )We advise parents ________their children at home alone because that’s too dangerous. A.to leave B.leavingC.not to leave D.not leaving 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查非謂語動詞,從advise的用法入手。 【解析】 句意:我們建議父母不要把孩子單獨留在家里,因為那太危險了。leave留下;to leave動詞不定式;leaving現在分詞或動名詞;not to leave動詞不定式否定;not leaving現在分詞否定。根據“advise”可知,考查固定搭配advise sb.(not) to do sth.,意為“建議某人(不)要做某事”,根據“because that’s too dangerous”及句意可知,此處是說不要把孩子單獨留在家里,所以是不定式的否定形式。故選C。變式訓練2( )My teacher gave me much ________on how to learn English well. A.advice B.questionC.suggestion D.problemA【試題分析】 考查名詞辨析,從是否為可數名詞入手。【解析】 句意:我的老師就如何學好英語給了我很多建議。advice建議,不可數名詞;question問題,可數名詞;suggestion建議,可數名詞;problem問題,可數名詞。much修飾不可數名詞,所以此空應填advice,故選A。變式訓練3( )—Children under 12 should not ________drive e-bikes. —That’s true.We are also advised ________helmets(頭盔)to keep safe. A.allow;wearingB.be allowed to;to wearC.allowed to;to wearD.be allowed to;wearingB【試題分析】 考查被動語態和非謂語動詞,從advise的用法入手。【解析】 句意:——12歲以下兒童不應該被允許騎電動車。——對。我們也建議戴頭盔來確保安全。children 與allow之間是被動關系,因此用被動語態be allowed to do sth.;be advised to do sth.表示“被建議做某事”。故選B。3.figure n.人物;數字;體型【教材原文】The Stone Forest has gone through 280 million years of formation and finally developed into different shapes,such as plants,animals and human figures.石林歷經2.8億年才形成像植物、動物、人像等不同形態,個個都栩栩如生。【知識拓展】(1)figure n.人物;身材、體型;數字 ①He’s a familiar figure in the neighborhood.他在這個地區是大家熟悉的人物。②The young lady wore a tight dress in the party so that she could show off her nice figure.那位年輕女士在晚會上穿著一件緊身裙,這樣她可以炫耀漂亮的身材。③Please add up all the figures to see how much they add up to.請把數字全部加起來,看看合計有多少。(2)figure out弄清楚;解決 I can’t figure out how to do this.我弄不懂怎樣做這件事。(3)figure in把……計算在內 Have you figured in the cost of the hotel 你把旅館的費用包括在內嗎 典例剖析3( )If you can ________the problem,try to find a proper way to solve it. A.look for B.run out ofC.figure out D.put out 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語,從短語意思入手。 【解析】 句意:如果你能解決這個問題,盡力找一個合適的方法來解決它。look for尋找;run out of用完,用盡;figure out解決,想出;put out撲滅。根據句意可知,這里應該是解決問題,故選C。變式訓練4( )I can’t ________why he is absent. A.figure out B.figure inC.look for D.put outA【試題分析】 考查動詞短語,從短語意思入手。【解析】 句意:我不知道他為什么缺席。figure out弄清楚;了解;figure in把……計算在內;look for尋找;put out撲滅。根據句意,弄清楚為什么缺席,故選A。4.lie v.位于;躺;在于【教材原文】The first wonder we will introduce is the Stone Forest in China,which lies about 80 miles from Kunming.我們推薦的第一個奇觀是中國的石林,它距離昆明市大約 80 英里。【知識拓展】記憶口訣:說謊不謊,躺下說謊,放下想“講”含義 原形 過去式 過去分詞 現在分詞 引申含義 口訣說謊 lie lied lied lying n.謊話 說謊不謊躺下 lie lay lain lying 位于、存在 躺下說謊放下 lay laid laid laying 下蛋 放下想“講”【注意】“說謊不謊”:lie 表示“說謊”,是規則變化。“躺下說謊”:lie也表示“躺下”,并且是不規則變化。“放下想講”:講是say,lay和say的變化形式是一樣的。備考建議:這些單詞容易弄混,以列表格的形式,去處理這些單詞和題目。(1)You lied to me yesterday.昨天你對我撒謊了。(2)You should lie down and have a rest.你應該躺下休息一會。(3)Our school lies in the east of this city.我們學校位于城市的東邊。(4)The hen is laying now.那只母雞現在正在下蛋。(5)He laid the money on the table and left.他把錢放到桌子上就離開了。典例剖析4( )—Why not watch videos on Douyin to relax —It’s a waste of time.I’d rather ________on the sofa quietly than ________the meaningless videos. A.to lie;to watch B.lying;watchingC.lie;watch D.lie;watching 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查情態動詞的用法,從would rather do than do這個結構入手。 【解析】 句意:——為什么不在抖音上看視頻放松一下 ——這是浪費時間。我寧愿安靜地躺在沙發上也不愿看毫無意義的視頻。would rather do than do“寧愿做……,也不愿做……”,根據結構,應使用動詞原形。故選C。變式訓練5( )There are some pandas ________on the grass and there is much bamboo for them ________. A.lie;eat B.lying;to eatC.to lie;to eat D.lying;eatingB【試題分析】 考查非謂語動詞,從lie的形式入手。【解析】 句意:有一些熊貓躺在草地上并且有很多竹子給它們吃。根據“There are some pandas”可知,第一空需要現在分詞形式作定語修飾pandas。再者根據“much bamboo for them”可知此處用動詞不定式作定語。故選B。5.impressive adj.讓人印象深刻的【教材原文】The most impressive part of Iguazu Falls is called “The Devil’s Throat”.伊瓜蘇瀑布最令人印象深刻的部分被譽為“魔鬼之喉”。【知識拓展】(1)impress v.給……留下深刻的印象;使欽佩 Gu Ailing has impressed the world with her wonderful expressions.谷愛凌的精彩表現給世界留下了深刻印象。(2) impressive adj.讓人印象深刻的 That performance was pretty impressive.那場表演很令人印象深刻。(3)impression n.印象 The boy left us a deep impression with his dancing in your family party.那個男孩在你的家庭聚會上跳舞給我們留下了深刻的印象。(4)make a good impression on sb.給某人留下好印象 The new teacher made a good impression on us.這個新老師給我們留下了很好的印象。典例剖析5( )His first speech made a strong________ on his audience. A.expression B.impressionC.appearance D.information 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查名詞辨析,從詞義入手找到符合句意的名詞。 【解析】 句意:他的第一次演講給聽眾留下了深刻的印象。expression表情;impression印象;appearance外貌;information信息。根據“made a strong…on his audience”可知他的演講給觀眾留下了深刻的印象。故選B。變式訓練6( )The government and people in the city of Zibo,Shandong, have made a very good________on the tourists,so Zibo barbecue will become more and more popular. A.expression B.decisionC.impression D.discussionC【試題分析】 考查名詞辨析,從詞義入手找到符合句意的名詞。【解析】 句意:山東淄博市的政府和人民給游客留下了很好的印象,所以淄博燒烤會越來越受歡迎。expression表達;decision決定;impression印象;discussion討論。根據“so Zibo barbecue will become more and more popular.”可知,此處是山東淄博市的政府和人民給游客留下了很好的印象。故選C。1.on the way在途中;將要到來【教材原文】 Heavy snow is on the way.就要下大雪了。【知識拓展】way相關的短語(1)in the/one’s way:擋道;妨礙。 Please move this stone away.It’s in my way.請把這塊石頭挪開。它擋了我的道。重點詞組(2)in this way:這樣;用這種方法。 Students like to read English aloud.In this way,they can remember English better.學生們喜歡大聲朗讀英語。用這種方法,他們能夠更好地記住英語。(3)in a way:在某種意義上;在某種程度上。 In a way,he was right.在某種意義上,他是對的。(4)in some ways:在某些方面。 He is very clever,but in some ways he is not so good.他非常聰明,但是在某些方面,他沒有那么好。(5)by the way:順便說一句,順便一提。 By the way,I’m going to the park by bus.順便說一句,我準備坐公交車去公園。典例剖析1( )—________,why are you so late —I helped an old man ________to school. A.By the way;in my wayB.By the way;on the wayC.On the way;in the wayD.In a way;by the way 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞短語,從短語意思入手,符合語境。 【解析】 句意:——順便問一下,你怎么這么晚才來 ——我在去學校的路上幫助了一位老人。by the way順便說一下;on the way在路上;in the way擋道。第一空根據“why are you so late ”可知應該是順便問一下對方為什么遲到;第二空根據“I helped an old man…to school.”可知是在去學校的路上幫助了一位老人。故選B。變式訓練1( )Mr.Li drinks much coffee.________,he can stop himself from feeling sleepy in class. A.In the way B.On the wayC.In this way D.By the wayC【試題分析】 考查介詞短語,從短語意思入手,符合語境。【解析】 句意:李先生喝了很多咖啡。用這種方法,他在課堂上控制自己不犯困。in the way擋路;on the way在路上;in this way用這種方法;by the way順便說一下。根據“he can stop himself from feeling sleepy in class”可知,他用喝咖啡的方法控制自己在課堂上不犯困,故選C。2.be famous for 因……而聞名【教材原文】This place is famous for its lifelike stones.這個地方因其栩栩如生的石頭而著名。【知識拓展】be famous for,be famous as和be famous to的區別(1)be famous for強調聞名的原因,因為……而聞名 Yao Ming is famous for playing basketball very well.姚明因為籃球打得非常棒而聞名。(2)be famous as強調“作為……而聞名”,后面一般接身份或職業 Yao Ming is famous as an excellent basketball player.姚明作為一名優秀的籃球運動員而聞名。(3)be famous to強調“為……所熟知”,后面一般接人 Yao Ming is not only famous to the Chinese people,but also the people of the world.姚明不僅為中國人民所熟知,也為世界人民所熟知。備注:be known for/as/to與be famous for/as/to的用法和意義基本相同典例剖析2( )Beijing ________the capital of China. A.is famous for B.is famous toC.is famous as D.is famous with 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞短語,從句意入手。 【解析】 句意:北京作為中國的首都而聞名。be famous for因……而著名;be famous to為……所熟知;be famous as作為……而著名。根據“the capital of China”可知北京作為中國的首都而聞名。故選C。變式訓練2( )China is very ________the Great Wall and pandas. A.famous as B.famous forC.ready to D.ready forB【試題分析】 考查形容詞短語,從句意入手。【解析】 句意:中國以長城和熊貓而聞名。be famous as作為……而出名;be famous for以……而聞名;be ready to準備做……;be ready for為……做準備。此處指中國以長城和熊貓而聞名。故選B。3.go through 經歷;搜索;通過 【教材原文】The Stone Forest has gone through 280 million years of formation and finally developed into different shapes,such as plants,animals and human figures.石林歷經2.8億年才形成像植物、動物、人像等不同形態,個個都栩栩如生。【知識拓展】through的相關詞組(1)get through完成;接通電話。 I called him several times yesterday,but I couldn’t get through.昨天我給他打了好幾個電話,但是都沒有打通。(2)look through 瀏覽;查閱。 He looked through many books in the library in order to find the history.為了找到那段歷史,他翻閱了圖書館的很多書。(3)break through 突破;取得成就。 If you break through the psychological barrier,you will make many new friends.如果你突破心理上的障礙,你會交到很多新朋友。(4)pull through 渡過難關;恢復健康。 Mr Wang had a serious accident last year and finally pulled through.王先生去年經歷了一次嚴重的車禍,但最終還是挺過來了。典例剖析3( )My grandfather likes to ______newspapers after he has breakfast every day. A.look for B.look likeC.look through D.look after 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞短語辨析,從句意入手,找到符合語境的動詞短語。 【解析】 句意:我祖父每天吃完早餐后喜歡看報紙。look for尋找;look like看起來像;look through瀏覽;look after照顧。根據“newspapers”可知,此處表達”瀏覽”報紙。故選C。變式訓練3( )—It’s said that the only survivor(幸存者) in the accident was badly injured.—However,the doctors managed to help him ________. A.see through B.run throughC.pull through D.break throughC【試題分析】 考查動詞短語辨析,從句意入手,找到符合語境的動詞短語。【解析】 句意:——據說事故中唯一的幸存者受了重傷。——然而,醫生設法幫助他渡過難關。see through看穿;run through貫穿;pull through擺脫疾病,渡過難關;break through突破。根據“the doctors managed to help him…”可知醫生設法幫他渡過了難關。故選C。1.The first wonder we will introduce is the Stone Forest in China,which lies about 80 miles from Kunming.我們推薦的第一個奇觀是中國的石林,它距離昆明市大約 80 英里。句子結構分析:此句中包含限定性定語從句和非限制性定語從句,“we will introduce”為限定性定語從句;“which”為關系代詞,引導非限制性定語從句。“introduce…to…”意為“向……介紹……”。重點句子【知識拓展】(1)introduce sb.to sb.向某人介紹某人 As a new member of the company,I’m glad to introduce myself to all of you.作為公司的一名新成員,我很高興向大家介紹我自己。(2)introduce sth.to sb.向某人介紹某物 He introduced English poetry to Chinese readers.他把英語詩歌介紹給中國讀者。(3)introduction n.介紹;序言 ①Knowing how to make a great introduction about yourself is the first step to find a good job in a big company.知道如何做好自我介紹是在大公司找到一份好工作的第一步。②An introduction means a part of the book coming in the beginning.序言是指書的開頭部分。典例剖析1( )—Now please ________John to us. —OK.John looks very serious,but he always has a sense of humour when he talks.A.pass B.introduceC.present D.raise 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查動詞辨析,從句意入手,找到符合語境的動詞。 【解析】 句意:——請給我們介紹一下約翰。——好的。約翰看起來非常嚴肅,但他說話時總保持一種幽默感。pass經過,通過;introduce介紹;present呈現;raise舉起,抬高。根據“John looks very serious,but he always has a sense of humour when he talks.”可知這是在介紹約翰這個人。故選B。變式訓練1( )I’d like to introduce you ________James Stewart,the new manager of our department. A.with B.toC.of D.onB【試題分析】 考查介詞,從introduce固定搭配著手。【解析】 句意:我想把你介紹給我們部門的新經理詹姆斯·斯圖爾特。with和;to向,表示方向;of……的;on在上面。根據句子中的“introduce”可知,這里用到短語introduce sb.to…“把某人介紹給……”。故選B。2.The second wonder is Iguazu Falls,located on the border between Brazil and Argentina and known as one of the world’s greatest wonders.第二個奇觀是位于巴西和阿根廷邊境的伊瓜蘇瀑布,被稱為世界上最偉大的奇跡之一。句子結構分析:“located”為過去分詞,在句子中作定語,修飾“Iguazu Falls”。注意后面的“and”連接的是“located on the border between Brazil”和“known as one of the world’s greatest wonders”,所以“known”用過去分詞形式,與“located”一起引導定語。be known as被稱為;被認為是。【知識拓展】與be known for/as/to相似的短語。(1)be regarded as 被認為是 It is regarded as the eastern gateway to Qaidam Basin.它被認為是柴達木盆地的東部門戶。(2)be treated as 被認為是 He is treated as my most reliable friend.他被視為我最信賴的朋友。(3)be considered as/to be 被認為是 A dictionary is considered as a great helper in learning English.詞典被認為是學習英語的一大幫手。(4)be thought to be 被認為是 He was thought to be a good student until he was caught taking drugs.在被發現吸毒之前,他一直被認為是一名好學生。(5)be seen as被看作 Roses are often seen as a symbol of love.玫瑰常被看作愛情的象征。典例剖析2( )—Lin Jie,please tell me something about Harbin.—OK.It lies in the northeast of China and it ________the Ice City. A.is known to B.is known forC.is known as D.is famous for 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞短語。 【解析】 句意:——林潔,請告訴我一些關于哈爾濱的事情。——好的。它位于中國東北部,并且被稱為冰城。is known to為……所熟知;is known for以……而著名;is known as被認為是;is famous for以……而著名。根據“It lies in the northeast of China and it…the Ice City”可知哈爾濱被認為是冰城,故選C。變式訓練2( )Tokyo is ________its sea food and night views. A.famous as B.known asC.famous for D.known ofC【試題分析】 考查動詞辨析,從句意入手,找到符合語境的動詞。【解析】 句意:東京因為其海鮮和夜景而著名。考查形容詞詞組。be famous as…作為……而著名;be known as…作為……而著名;be famous for…因為……而著名;be known of…無該固定短語。根據“its sea food and night views”可知東京應是因為海鮮和夜景而著名。故選C。直接引語和間接引語直接引語變間接引語比較難,需要人稱變化、時態變化、狀語變化等,所以化繁為簡,記住一個詞“變”——人稱、時態、狀語都不一樣。一般以選擇題的形式出現,所以采用排除法,高考重點考察間接引語,以賓語從句的形式考查,需要重點掌握賓語從句的陳述語序、時態。一、定義當我們引用別人的話時,可以直接引述別人的原話,也可以用自己的話把別人的意思轉述出來。直接引用別人原話,叫直接引語。用自己的話轉述別人的話,叫間接引語。間接引語常用賓語從句表達。直接引語前后要用引號,間接引語不用引號。He said: “I have seen the film.” 他說:“我已經看過這部電影。”(直接引語)He said that he had seen the film.他說他已經看過這部電影了。(間接引語)二、人稱變化:一隨主,二隨賓,三不變口訣 說明 直接引語 間接引語一隨主 引號內第一人稱變間接引語后,與主句的主語保持一致。 She said,“I like tennis.” She said that she liked tennis.口訣 說明 直接引語 間接引語二隨賓 引號內的第二人稱變間接引語后,與主句的賓語保持一致。 He said to Lily,“You must get up early.” He told Lily that she must get up early.三不變 引號內的第三人稱在變間接引語后,人稱不變。 She said to me,“They want to help him.” She told me that they want to help him.三、時態變化如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時,那么間接引語的時態要做相應變化直接引語 間接引語 直接引語 間接引語一般現在時 一般過去時 過去進行時 過去進行時一般過去時 過去完成時 現在完成時 過去完成時一般將來時 過去將來時 過去完成時 過去完成時現在進行時 過去進行時 The teacher asked,“Why did she refuse to go to school ”(直接引語)老師問:“她為什么拒絕去上學 ”→The teacher asked why she had refused to go to school.(間接引語) 老師問她為什么拒絕去上學。Tom told me,“Mr Li won’t come until 9:00.”(直接引語)Tom告訴我:“李先生要到9點鐘才到。”→Tom told me that Mr Li wouldn’t come until 9:00.(間接引語)Tom告訴我李先生要到9點鐘才到。【注意】當直接引語是真理或客觀事實時,不論主句的時態是現在時態還是過去時態,間接引語的時態都不變。The teacher told us,“The earth moves around the sun.”(直接引語) 老師告訴我們:“地球圍繞太陽轉。”→The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.(間接引語)老師告訴我們,地球圍繞太陽轉。四、狀語的變化 直接引語 間接引語時間狀語 now thentoday that daythis evening that eveningyesterday the day before the previous dayyesterday morning the morning beforelast night the night beforetwo days ago two days beforenext week the following weektomorrow the following day地點狀語 here thereThe teacher said,“All the students are drawing now.”(直接引語) 老師說:“現在所有的學生都正在畫畫。”→The teacher said that all the students were drawing then.(間接引語) 老師說當時所有的學生都正在畫畫。五、直接引語和間接引語的轉換方法1.間接引語語序改為陳述句語序:陳述句用 that 引導,口語中常省略 thatShe said,“I am going to the cinema.”(直接引語) 她說,“我要去電影院。”→She said (that) she was going to the cinema.(間接引語)她說,她要去電影院。2.一般疑問句:用if/whether連接“Have you ever travelled by plane ” she asked me.(直接引語) 她問我,“你曾經乘飛機旅行過嗎 ”→She asked me if/whether I had travelled by plane.(間接引語)她問我,我是否曾經乘飛機旅行過。3.反意疑問句:用if/whether連接He asked,“You are a doctor,aren’t you ”(直接引語) 他問,“你是醫生,是嗎 ”→He asked (me) if/whether I was a doctor.(間接引語) 他問,我是否是醫生。4.特殊疑問句:由原疑問詞連接(如疑問代詞是主語,不要改變語序)He asked,“Who will come to help us ”(直接引語) 他問,“誰會來幫我們 ”→He asked who would come to help them.(間接引語) 他問,誰會來幫他們。5.選擇疑問句:由 whether…or 引導Eddie said,“Is this a TV set or a computer ”(直接引語)→Eddie asked (me) whether that was a TV set or a computer.(間接引語)6.祈使句:用“tell/ask/order someone (not) to do something” 結構,將動詞原形變為動詞不定式“Put up your hands,” said the teacher.(直接引語)老師說:“舉起你的手。”→The teacher told them to put up their hands.(間接引語)老師告訴他們舉起他們的手。練一練( )1.He asked,“How are you getting along ”→He asked________. A.how am I getting along B.how are you getting alongC.how I was getting along D.how was I getting alongC【試題分析】 考查直接引語和間接引語的轉換。從間接引語和直接引語的時態、人稱、狀語不一樣入手,采用排除法,解答本題。【解析】 句意:他問:“你過得怎么樣 ”原句從句為特殊疑問句,變為間接引語后,從句應為陳述句語序,疑問詞不變;原句從句主語為第二人稱,變為間接引語后,從句主語應變為第一人稱;原句主句為一般過去時態,從句為現在進行時態,變為間接引語后,主句仍為一般過去時,從句變為過去進行時,故選C。( )2.Jack said to her,“Where do you spend yourholidays ”→Jack asked her where ______holidays. A.she spent her B.you spend yourC.she spend her D.you spent yourA【試題分析】 考查直接引語和間接引語的轉換。從間接引語和直接引語的時態、人稱、狀語不一樣入手,采用排除法,解答本題。【解析】 句意:杰克對她說:“你在哪里度假” 杰克問她,她在哪里度假。題干是由直接引語變為間接引語的,直接引語變間接引語時,第一,人稱上應該一致,排除B、D項;第二時態應該一致,題干的主句謂語動詞asked為一般過去時,從句也應用一般過去時,所以應用spent,排除C項。故選A。( )3.Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago ”→Jane asked ________about ________. A.that he heard;a week agoB.what he had heard;the week beforeC.what he had heard;a week agoD.if he heard;the week agoB【試題分析】 考查直接引語和間接引語的轉換。從間接引語和直接引語的時態、人稱、狀語不一樣入手,采用排除法,解答本題。【解析】 句意:Jane說:“一周前他聽說什么了 ”引號內是特殊疑問句,間接引語還用原疑問詞,排除A和D,主句是一般過去時,從句用過去完成時,直接引語變間接引語,時態要倒移,所以ago變成before,排除C,故選B。( )4.The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”→The man thought that ________take it back ________. A.I shall;tomorrow B.I shall;the next dayC.he should;tomorrow D.he would;the next dayD【試題分析】 考查直接引語和間接引語的轉換。從間接引語和直接引語的時態、人稱、狀語不一樣入手,采用排除法,解答本題。【解析】 那人想,“明天我將把它帶回家。” 那人想著第二天他將把它帶回家。該題要把直接引語變為間接引語,直接引語中的“I”指的是那個人,變為間接引語后改為he;直接引語中的tomorrow變為間接引語后改為the next day;主句是過去時態,所以直接引語中的將來時態變為間接引語后要改為過去將來時,故選D。( )5.Tony told me ______last summer vacation. A.where did he travelB.where he traveledC.where will he travelD.where he will travelB【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從陳述語序和時態入手。【解析】 句意:托尼告訴我他去年暑假去哪里旅游了。賓語從句用陳述語序,排除A、C選項;主句是一般過去時,從句用過去的時態,排除D項。故選B。( )6.Scientists say that the earth ________around the sun. A.go B.goesC.went D.had goneB【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從時態入手。【解析】 句意:科學家們說地球繞著太陽轉。考查賓語從句的時態。根據“the earth…around the sun”可知,此處陳述客觀事實和真理,應用一般現在時。故選B。( )7.—Could you tell me ________the “Father of Hybrid Rice” —Because he helped many countries grow more rice.A.when was Yuan Longping calledB.why is Yuan Longping calledC.when Yuan Longping was calledD.why Yuan Longping is calledD【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從陳述語序和時態入手。【解析】 句意:——你能告訴我為什么袁隆平被稱作雜交水稻之父嗎 ——因為他幫助許多國家種植更多水稻。根據“Because he helped many countries grow more rice.”可知空處詢問原因,用why引導賓語從句,排除A、C選項;賓語從句用陳述句語序,排除B項。故選D。( )8.I hear you have just bought a computer.I want to know ________. A.how much does it costB.where you bought itC.which country was it made inD.when you will buy itB【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從陳述語序和時態入手。【解析】 句意:我聽說你剛買了一臺電腦,我想知道你在哪里買的。how much does it cost它要多少錢,疑問語序;where you bought it你在哪里買的,陳述語序;which country was it made in它是在哪個國家制造的,疑問語序;when you will buy it你什么時候買,陳述語序。根據“I want to know…”可知這里是賓語從句,賓語從句的語序是陳述語序,故排除選項A和C;根據前句“I hear you have just bought a computer.”可知電腦已經買了,所以此處應用一般過去時,故選B。( )9.—I wonder ________. —I’m not sure.Maybe yes.A.that I could hold a party at homeB.if I could hold a party at homeC.if could I hold a party at homeD.when could I hold a party at homeB【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從陳述語序和時態入手。【解析】 句意:——我想知道我是否可以在家里舉辦一個聚會。——我不確定。也許可以。考查賓語從句。賓語從句的語序是陳述語序,所以排除C、D選項;根據答語“I’m not sure. Maybe yes.”可知,從句應是:是否可以在家里舉辦一個聚會,對應的引導詞應是“if”,故選B。( )10.—Could you tell me ________ —Next month.A.when you will go to ParisB.when will you go to ParisC.why you will go to ParisD.why will you go to ParisA【試題分析】 考查賓語從句,從陳述語序和時態入手。【解析】 句意:——你能告訴我你什么時候去巴黎嗎 ——下個月。when you will go to Paris你什么時候去巴黎,陳述語序;when will you go to Paris你什么時候去巴黎,疑問語序;why you will go to Paris你為什么要去巴黎,陳述語序;why will you go to Paris你為什么要去巴黎,疑問語序。根據題干“Could you tell me…”及選項,可知此處是賓語從句,應使用陳述語序,故排除選項B和D;由答語“Next month.”可知講的是時間,應使用when來引導賓語從句,故選A。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫