資源簡(jiǎn)介 (共192張PPT)Unit 1 Travel基礎(chǔ)模塊 二 本單元在職教高考考試中考查的重點(diǎn)是一般過去時(shí),同時(shí)結(jié)合句型、短語(yǔ)辨析命制題目,題目難度適中。在一輪復(fù)習(xí)中,要掌握動(dòng)詞過去式的詞形變化規(guī)則,熟記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式,并能夠運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)解決本單元的重難點(diǎn)、易錯(cuò)易混點(diǎn),這些內(nèi)容將是命題的方向。同時(shí)要夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),掌握重點(diǎn)單詞和詞組,能夠讀懂并理解有關(guān)旅游的閱讀材料,為提高閱讀能力打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。[速記后做詞匯默寫本及時(shí)鞏固]Ⅰ.記重點(diǎn)單詞1.agency n.代理公司 2.avoid v.避免3.comfortable adj.令人舒服的 4.cover v.覆蓋5.daily adj.每天的 6.discover v.發(fā)現(xiàn);找到7.finally adv.最終,終于 8.journey n.旅行9.experience v.感受;經(jīng)歷 10.effort n.努力11.major adj.主要的 12.national adj.全國(guó)的13.quit v.放棄 14.record v.記錄15.throughout prep.遍及;到處 16.ticket n.入場(chǎng)券;票17.travel n.旅行 18.local adj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?br/>19.dynasty n.朝代 20.luggage n.行李Ⅱ.記重點(diǎn)詞組1.be well-known for 因……而出名 2.due to 因?yàn)椋粴w功于3.give up 放棄 4.pass through 穿過;越過5.in order to…為了…… 6.set off 出發(fā)7.take care of 照顧 8.be worth doing sth.值得做某事9.all sorts of 各種各樣的 10.all kinds of 各種各樣的Ⅲ.記重點(diǎn)句子1.We are now in the north of Yunnan Province.我們?cè)谠颇鲜〉谋辈俊?br/>2.In front of us is Shangri-La.香格里拉就在我們的前面。3.Shangri-La is also rich in ethnic culture.香格里拉還有豐富的民族文化。4.Although he experienced all sorts of difficulties, Xu never thought of quitting.盡管經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的困難,但徐霞客從未考慮過退縮。5.Xu spent over 30 years travelling throughout the country.徐霞客花費(fèi)了30多年時(shí)間游歷祖國(guó)。6.He carefully studied the places he passed through andrecorded his experiences and discoveries in his diary.他細(xì)心研究他走過的地方,并把他的經(jīng)歷和發(fā)現(xiàn)記錄在日記里。7.Due to his efforts, the diary finally became The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.由于他的努力,這些日記最終成為《徐霞客游記》一書。8.It is well-known for its value in Chinese history.因其在中國(guó)歷史上的價(jià)值而聞名。1.avoid v.避免【教材原文】In order to take more first-hand experiences, he avoided traveling comfortably.為了獲得更多的親身經(jīng)歷,他避免舒適地旅行。重點(diǎn)單詞【知識(shí)拓展】(1)avoid (doing) sth.避免(做)某事四種非謂語(yǔ)形式中,只有to do和doing才能作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ),而avoid后面只能接doing作賓語(yǔ)。只能接doing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有finish完成、mind介意、enjoy喜愛;享受、practise 練習(xí)、advise 建議、suggest建議、keep保持堅(jiān)持、quit放棄等。 In order to avoid making the same mistaken,Wang Li is more careful to do it.為了避免再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤,王麗更加小心翼翼地去做。All of us have finished doing our homework that was given by Miss Wang.我們都完成了王老師布置的家庭作業(yè)。Hello,Tom!Would you mind opening the window 嗨,湯姆!你介意開窗嗎 (2)in order to do sth.為了……,引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)。 In order to get there on time,we are going to choose to take a plane.為了能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那兒,我們打算選擇乘坐飛機(jī)。典例剖析1( )I didn’t want________to John,so I crossed the road to avoid________to John. A.talking;to talk B.to talk;talkingC.to talk;to talk D.talking;talking 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查to do和doing 作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。 【解析】 在四種非謂語(yǔ)形式中,動(dòng)詞want “想要” 后只接to do作賓語(yǔ);avoid “避免” 后面只能接doing 作賓語(yǔ)。故選B。變式訓(xùn)練1( )1.(原創(chuàng))In order to avoid________ the English exam again,I decided to spend more time in learning English. A.failed B.to failC.failing D.failC【試題分析】 本題考查to do和doing 作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。【解析】 句意:為了避免英語(yǔ)考試再次不及格,我決定用更多的時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。四種非謂語(yǔ)形式中,avoid后只能接doing作賓語(yǔ)。故選C。( )2.(改編)I’d advise________ your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August. A.buying B.to buyC.selling D.to sellingA【試題分析】 本題考查to do和doing 作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。【解析】 句意:如果你想要在八月份去旅游,我建議你提前買票。根據(jù)句意排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。四種非謂語(yǔ)形式中,advise后只能接doing作賓語(yǔ)。故選A。( )3.(原創(chuàng))If you want to keep slim,I suggest you’d better keep ______exercise every day. A.done B.doesC.to do D.doingD【試題分析】 本題考查to do和doing 作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)。【解析】 句意:如果你想要保持苗條身材,我建議你最好堅(jiān)持每天鍛煉。四種非謂語(yǔ)形式中,keep后只能接doing作賓語(yǔ)。故選D。2.comfortably adv. 舒適地【教材原文】He avoided traveling comfortably.他避免舒適地旅行。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)comfortably adv.舒服地,舒適地Are you sitting comfortably 你坐得舒服嗎 (2)comfortable是comfort+able構(gòu)成的派生詞。后綴:-able “可……的;能……的”。 例如:enjoyable 令人愉快的 changeable 可變化的。Everyone would like to have a comfortable and warm home.人人都想有一個(gè)舒服而又溫馨的家。(3)comfort n.舒適;舒服 v.安慰;撫慰。 I tried to comfort the little girl who lost her favorite toy.我努力去安慰丟了心愛玩具的小女孩。The children have been a great comfort to me.孩子們一直是我的一個(gè)巨大的安慰。典例剖析2( )1.The temperature is very ________today,we all enjoy it a lot. A.comfortable B.terribleC.bad D.high 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。 【解析】 句意:今天的氣溫非常令人舒服,我們都很享受。故選A。( )2.We can live here________and happily. A.comfortable B.terribleC.comfortably D.terribly 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查副詞和形容詞詞義辨析。 【解析】 句意:我們舒適又快樂地住在這兒。“and”連接兩個(gè)副詞,修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“l(fā)ive”,“comfortable,terrible”是形容詞,“comfortably,terribly”是副詞。根據(jù)句意,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練2( )(原創(chuàng))The air in China is better and better,we feel ________very much here. A.comfort B.comfortableC.comfortably D.uncomfortableB【試題分析】 本題考查詞類和詞義。【解析】 句意:中國(guó)的空氣越來越好,在這兒我們覺得非常舒服。“feel”是連系動(dòng)詞,需要接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)“comfort 舒適,安慰”是動(dòng)詞和名詞;B項(xiàng)“comfortable 舒服的;舒適的”是形容詞;C項(xiàng)“comfortably 舒服地;舒適地”是副詞;D項(xiàng)“uncomfortable 不舒服的;不舒適的”是形容詞。根據(jù)句意,排除D項(xiàng)。故選B。語(yǔ)境填詞11.那里夏季的氣溫明顯更舒適。Summer temperatures are appreciably more ___________there. 2.下次試著乘坐地鐵,地鐵又快又舒適。Try the subway next time.It’s very fast and____________. comfortable comfortable3.experience n.& v.經(jīng)歷,閱歷;經(jīng)驗(yàn)【教材原文】Although he experienced all sorts of difficulties, Xu never thought of quitting.盡管經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的困難,但徐霞客從未考慮過退縮。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)experience作名詞,“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”是不可數(shù)名詞;“經(jīng)歷,閱歷”是可數(shù)名詞。After that,you should list your experiences,starting with the most current position.接下來,應(yīng)列出你的工作經(jīng)歷,以最近的工作崗位開頭。He has a wealth of working experience。他有著豐富的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(2)experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;熟練的 There are a great number of experienced teachers in Anhui Jinzhai Vocational School.安徽金寨職業(yè)學(xué)校擁有大量經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師。典例剖析3( )1.My elder brother is an________manager. A.experienced B.experienceC.experiences D.experiencing 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查“experienced 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;熟練的”的用法。 【解析】 根據(jù)句意:我哥哥是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的經(jīng)理。故選A。( )2.Our company needs workers who have great________ urgently. A.experience B.experiencesC.skillful D.skill 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查“experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷”作名詞的用法。 【解析】 experience作名詞,“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”是不可數(shù)名詞;“經(jīng)歷,閱歷”是可數(shù)名詞。skillful 形容詞“靈巧的”,skill 通常作可數(shù)名詞“技能;技巧”,根據(jù)句意:我們公司急需一些有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人。故選A。變式訓(xùn)練3( )1.(原創(chuàng))With the development of the industry,more and more________ people are needed in our county. A.experience B.skillC.skilled D.experiencesC【試題分析】 本題考查易混詞experience 和skill用法。【解析】 句意:隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,我們縣需要越來越多的技能型人才。根據(jù)句意此處需要形容詞,故排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)“skilled 有技能的;熟練的”;“skilled people 技能型人員”,故選C。( )2.(改編)The horrors he______ are imprinted deeply,perhaps he’ll never forget it. A.experienced B.to experienceC.experiencing D.experiencesA【試題分析】 本題考查experience的詞形變化。【解析】 句意:他經(jīng)歷的恐怖事件在他腦海中留下了深深的印象,也許他終生難忘。“he”主謂結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作定語(yǔ),修飾前面的“The horrors”。B、C兩項(xiàng)是非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),故排除。根據(jù)句意提示此處應(yīng)該用過去式。故選A。4.quit v.放棄;停止;戒掉【教材原文】Although he experienced all sorts of difficulties, Xu never thought of quitting.盡管經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的困難,但徐霞客從未考慮過退縮。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)quit (doing) sth.停止(做)某事。如果“quit”接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ),只能接“doing”,與“give up (doing)sth.放棄;停止(做)某事”和“stop (doing) sth.停止(做)某事”可互換。另外,“stop to do sth.停下來去做某事”表示要做的事未發(fā)生。Smokers should give up/quit/stop smoking as soon as possible.吸煙者應(yīng)該盡早戒煙。There was a sudden crash, all the students stopped to find out what happened.突然的一陣撞擊聲傳來,學(xué)生們都停下來看發(fā)生了什么事。鏈接真題( )(真題)Please______talking when you have food in your mouth.It’s not polite. A.stop B.beginC.enjoy D.keepA【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:嘴含食物時(shí),不要說話,這樣不禮貌。A項(xiàng)“stop doing sth.停止做某事”,B項(xiàng)“begin doing sth.開始做某事”,C項(xiàng)“enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事”,D項(xiàng)“keep doing sth.堅(jiān)持做某事”,根據(jù)句意,故選A。典例剖析4( )1.For those who don’t smoke,it’s much easier not to start smoking than it is to________. A.give it up B.quit itC.stop it D.all of the above 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查近義詞“give up,quit,stop”的用法。 【解析】 give up,quit,stop 三詞意義相近,皆有放棄的意思,A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以,故選D。( )2.He________the show last year because of bad health. A.started B.likedC.quit D.watched 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析。 【解析】 句意:去年,他因身體欠佳而退出了表演。A項(xiàng)“start 開始”,B項(xiàng)“l(fā)ike 喜歡”,C項(xiàng)“quit 離開;放棄”,D項(xiàng)“watch 觀看”,根據(jù)句意,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練4( )1.(原創(chuàng))Although the little boy was very tired,he didn’t stop________a rest. A.to have had B.to haveC.having D.having hadB【試題分析】 本題考查stop to do sth.與stop doing sth.的區(qū)別,以及非謂語(yǔ)形式一般式和完成式的用法。【解析】 句意:盡管這個(gè)小男孩非常疲累了,但他也沒有停下來休息一下。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。本句非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后,應(yīng)排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。“stop to do sth.停下來去做某事”表示動(dòng)作未發(fā)生。“stop doing sth.停止做某事”表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生。根據(jù)句意,故選B。( )2.(原創(chuàng))He was looking forward to seeing his mother,so he ran home from the school without______on the whole way. A.stop B.stoppingC.quitting D.quitB【試題分析】 本題考查近義詞:stop和quit的詞形變化。【解析】 句意:他盼望著見到他的媽媽,所以他從學(xué)校跑回家,一路上都沒有停下來。without是介詞,后接名詞和相當(dāng)于名詞的動(dòng)名詞、人稱代詞的賓格,構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ),故應(yīng)排除A和D。stop、quit 動(dòng)名詞:stopping,quitting,根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該是小男孩沒有停下來,應(yīng)是stop,而不用quit,故選B。5.discover v.發(fā)現(xiàn);找到【教材原文】The really important thing is to go with the senses awake,with a hunger to learn,to discover,to ask questions,and to be surprised by what may be found along the way.真正重要的事情是用感官去體驗(yàn),虛心地去學(xué)習(xí)、去發(fā)現(xiàn)、去提問,并為沿途的發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到驚喜。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)dis-是否定前綴,dis+cover構(gòu)成派生詞:discover。例如:agree(同意,贊成)、disagree(不同意,反對(duì))、like(喜歡)、dislike(討厭)、appear(出現(xiàn))、disappear(消失)。We happened to discover we had a friend in common.我們碰巧發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有個(gè)共同的朋友。Why do you like/dislike beef so much 你為什么那么喜歡/討厭牛肉 (2)discovery n.發(fā)現(xiàn);被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物The discovery has opened up a new field research.這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)開辟了一個(gè)新的研究領(lǐng)域。(3)cover v.覆蓋,遮蓋;n.蓋子,封面,覆蓋物The upper part of the mountain is covered by snow all year around and the lower part is dense vegetation.山的上面部分終年覆蓋著白雪,低些的地方是茂密的植被。(4)A be covered with/by B A被B覆蓋It will snow,everything will be covered with/by snow.要下雪啦,每樣?xùn)|西都將被雪覆蓋。His desk is covered with books.他的桌子上堆滿了書。典例剖析5( )1.We hope the desert would be covered________trees. A.with B.inC.of D.for 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查固定介詞搭配。 【解析】 A be covered with B,A被B覆蓋,是固定搭配,故選A。( )2.He______that everything was gone the next morning. A.disliked B.discoveredC.disagreed D.disappeared 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析。 【解析】 句意:第二天早上,他發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的東西都不見 了。A項(xiàng)“disliked 討厭”,B項(xiàng)“discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)”,C項(xiàng)“disagree 反對(duì)”,D項(xiàng)“disappear 消失”,根據(jù)句意,故選B。變式訓(xùn)練5( )1.(改編)It’s really exciting______traces of earlier civilization! A.discovery B.discoverC.to discover D.coverC【試題分析】 本題考查discover的詞形變化。【解析】 句意:發(fā)現(xiàn)了早期文明的蹤跡,真是令人激動(dòng)啊!根據(jù)固定句式:“It is adj.to do sth.”可知。故選C。( )2.(原創(chuàng))He______with what I said,however,he said nothing. A.agrees B.agreedC.disagreed D.disagreesC【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義和詞形。【解析】 句意:他不同意我所說的,然而他卻什么都沒說。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)從句中的“said”提示,本題應(yīng)是一般過去時(shí)。故選C。6.throughout prep.遍及;到處【教材原文】Xu spent over 30 years traveling throughout the country.徐霞客用了30多年的時(shí)間游遍了全國(guó)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)through prep.穿過,透過;從頭到尾。out adv.在外,向外;prep.從……里面出去,離開。through+out構(gòu)成合成介詞:throughout。Doctors battled throughout the night to save her life.醫(yī)生們奮戰(zhàn)了整個(gè)晚上來?yè)尵人纳?br/>(2)through,across,pastacross prep.橫過,穿過。側(cè)重于從物體表面穿過。through 側(cè)重于從物體內(nèi)部或三維立體間穿過。past prep.從旁邊經(jīng)過,走過。go past the library.Walk through Xuanjianshan Road,you’ll find Jinzhai Hotel on your left.穿過懸劍山路,你就能看到你左邊的金寨賓館。We went past the library,and then we saw a beautiful lake.經(jīng)過了圖書館,然后我們就看見了一個(gè)美麗的湖泊。What should we do when we see the old go across the street 我們看到老人過馬路時(shí),我們應(yīng)該怎么做呢 典例剖析6( )1.The train went________the forest and into a underground tunnel. A.past B.throughC.across D.A and B 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞詞義辨析及用法。 【解析】 句意:火車穿過/經(jīng)過森林,進(jìn)入一個(gè)地下隧道。根據(jù)句意,故選D。( )2.In my hometown,the weather is very pleasan t________the year. A.throughout B.inC.on D.of 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞的詞義和用法。 【解析】 句意:在我的家鄉(xiāng),一年四季,氣候宜人。“throughout the year 全年”,故選A。變式訓(xùn)練6( )1.(改編)Apologizing is common______the world,but the way people apologize varies from culture to culture. A.past B.besideC.with D.throughoutD【試題分析】 本題考查throughout。【解析】 句意:道歉在世界各地是很普遍的,但人們道歉的方式因文化而異。“throughout the world 全球,全世界”。根據(jù)句意,故選D。( )2.(原創(chuàng))There was a ship passing________under the bridge when the bus went________it. A.through;acrossB.across;throughC.through;throughD.across;acrossA【試題分析】 本題考查介詞“through”“across”的區(qū)別。【解析】 through 側(cè)重于三維立體間穿過,輪船從橋下穿過應(yīng)該用 “through”,公交車是從橋的表面穿過,應(yīng)用“across”。故選A。1.A be well-known for B A因B而出名【教材原文】 It is well-known for its value in Chinese history.因其在中國(guó)地理史上的價(jià)值而聞名。重點(diǎn)詞組【知識(shí)拓展】(1)A be well-known for B=A be famous for B A因?yàn)锽 而出名 Jinzhai is famous/known for many beautiful natural sites,suchas Tiantangzhai Scenic Spot,Yanzihe Grand Canyon andMeishan Reservoir.(2)A be famous as B=A be well-known as B A 作為B 而出名 Xu Xiake is well-known/famous as a great traveller in the world.徐霞客作為一名偉大的旅行家而聞名全球。鏈接真題( )(2021·安徽職教高考真題)The ancient village,which is famous______its special buildings,attracts thousands of visitors every year. A.as B.forC.in D.amongB【試題分析】 本題考查固定詞組搭配。【解析】 句意:這個(gè)古老的村落以其獨(dú)特的建筑而聞名,每年都吸引了成千上萬的游客。“be famous as…作為……而聞名”“be famous for…因……而聞名”“be famous among…在……中間聞名”“be famous in(地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間) 在某個(gè)地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間有名”,根據(jù)句意,故選B。典例剖析1( )China is________its ancient civilization. A.famous B.famous forC.famous as D.known 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查固定詞組搭配“be famous for/as…”。 【解析】 句意:中國(guó)因其古文明而聞名于世。“be famous as…作為……而聞名”,“be famous for…因……而聞名”。根據(jù)句意,故選B。變式訓(xùn)練1( )1.(原創(chuàng))Mr.Li is a math teacher in our school,but he is________for his pictures among the students. A.known as B.famous asC.well-known D.famous forC【試題分析】 本題考查固定詞組搭配“be famous for/as…”。【解析】 句意:李先生是我們學(xué)校的一名數(shù)學(xué)老師,但在學(xué)生中卻因他的繪畫作品而出名。“be famous/known as…作為……而聞名”“be famous/known for…因……而聞名”。根據(jù)句意,“be famous/known for”合適,因題干中已有“for”,故選C。( )2.(原創(chuàng))There are over 50 generals in Jinzhai,so it is well-known________General County. A.for B.amongC.during D.asD【試題分析】 本題考查“well-known”, 后接不同介詞的詞義。【解析】 句意:在金寨縣有50多位將軍,故而作為將軍縣而出名。“be well-known for…因……而聞名”“be well-known among…在……中間聞名”“be well-known during…在……期間而聞名”“be well-known as…作為……而出名”。根據(jù)句意,故選D。2.due to因?yàn)椋捎?br/>【教材原文】Due to his efforts, the diary finally became The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.由于他的努力,這些日記最終成為《徐霞客游記》一書。【知識(shí)拓展】due to…=because of…因?yàn)椋粴w功于 Due to/Because of bad weather,the coast road has been closed for three days.由于天氣惡劣,濱海路已封路三天了。典例剖析2( )His illness is________ bad food. A.result from B.due toC.because D.result in 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查近義詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:他的病是因?yàn)槌粤瞬缓玫氖澄铩項(xiàng)“result from 由于”是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ);B項(xiàng)“due to 因?yàn)椋捎凇笔嵌陶Z(yǔ)介詞;C項(xiàng)“because 因?yàn)椤边B詞,后接句子;D項(xiàng)“result in 導(dǎo)致”是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在此句,由于題干中“is”,后不能接動(dòng)詞原形,故排除。本句是介賓短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ),表示原因。故根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu),選B。變式訓(xùn)練2( )(原創(chuàng))She can’t arrive here on time______the heavy traffic. ①due to ②because of ③because④result fromA.①③ B.②④C.①② D.①③④C【試題分析】 本題考查近義詞或短語(yǔ)辨析。【解析】 句意:由于交通擁堵,她沒能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到這兒。①“due to 因?yàn)椋捎凇苯樵~=②“because of 因?yàn)椋捎凇苯樵~; ③“because因?yàn)椤边B詞,后接句子;④“result from 因?yàn)椋捎凇眲?dòng)詞短語(yǔ),用在本句中,詞形不符。在此句中,是介賓短語(yǔ)表示原因,故根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu),故選C。3.give up放棄【教材原文】 Xu never gave up his dreaming of traveling.徐霞客從未放棄過他關(guān)于旅行的夢(mèng)想。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)give up (doing) sth.放棄(做)某事Although she has few money,she doesn’t give up helping others.盡管她沒什么錢,她也沒有放棄幫助他人。(2)常用的“give+…” 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。①give in 屈服,讓步Never give in!No one can take you place.永遠(yuǎn)不要屈服,沒有誰能代替你。②give away泄露;贈(zèng)送I need to give away these old clothes.我要把這些舊衣服送人。Don’t give away the secret.不要泄露這個(gè)秘密。③give out 分發(fā);散發(fā),發(fā)出(光、聲、熱、信號(hào)等物理現(xiàn)象)I saw an old man giving out flyers in the street.我看見一位老人在街上散發(fā)廣告?zhèn)鲉巍?br/>The sun gives out heat and light.太陽(yáng)發(fā)出光和熱。④give off散發(fā),發(fā)出(某種氣體或氣味)Flowers in our campus give off a sweet smell.我們校園里的花散發(fā)出甜美的氣息。⑤give back 歸還Has he given back the tools he borrowed from you 他跟你借的工具還給你了嗎 典例剖析3( )I can never______such a good chance. A.give up B.give inC.give out D.give off 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:我絕不會(huì)放棄如此好的機(jī)會(huì)。A項(xiàng)“give up放棄”;B項(xiàng)“give in屈服,讓步”;C項(xiàng)“give out分發(fā),發(fā)出,散發(fā)”;D項(xiàng)“give off散發(fā),發(fā)出”。故根據(jù)句意,選A。變式訓(xùn)練3( )1.(改編)There were children at the entrance of Hulian Supermarket______brochures. A.giving out B.give outC.giving up D.giving upA【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞形和詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:在華聯(lián)超市的入口處,有許多孩子在發(fā)宣傳小冊(cè)子。“give out 分發(fā),散發(fā),發(fā)出”;“give up放棄”。本句中已有謂語(yǔ)“were”,而“give”與邏輯主語(yǔ)“children”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故根據(jù)句意,故選A。( )2.(原創(chuàng))I can lend my car to you as long as you can give it________to me this afternoon. A.back B.outC.off D.inA【試題分析】 本題考查與“give”有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】 句意:只要你能在今天下午把車還給我,我就把車借給你。“give back 歸還”;“give out 分發(fā),發(fā)出”;“give off散發(fā),發(fā)出”;“give in屈服,讓步”。根據(jù)句意,故選A。4.pass through穿過,通過【教材原文】 He carefully studied the places he passed through and recorded his experiences anddiscoveries in his diary.他細(xì)心研究他走過的地方,并把他的經(jīng)歷和發(fā)現(xiàn)記錄在日記里。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)常用的“pass+…”短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。①pass by經(jīng)過,路過 passer-by 過路人I see them pass by my house every day.我每天看見他們從我家旁邊經(jīng)過Police asked passers-by if they had seen the accident.警察詢問過路人是否目擊了這次事故。②pass on (to A) 傳遞給(A);去世Would you pass it on to the next person 把它傳給下一個(gè)人好嗎 He passed on at the age of 72.他72歲去世。③pass away 去世;消失;停止The old man passed away peacefully.老人安詳?shù)厝ナ懒恕?br/>Ten days passed away and still there was no news about them.十天過去了,但仍然沒有他們的消息。典例剖析4( )Passengers and their carry-on things must pass______a door with a metal detectors and X-ray before they get on the plane. A.on B.byC.away D.through 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查“pass+…”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。 【解析】 句意:乘客在上飛機(jī)前,必須要通過一扇裝有金屬探測(cè)器和X-射線的門。“pass on 傳遞,去世”;“pass by (側(cè)重于從旁邊)經(jīng)過”;“pass away 去世,消失”;“pass through (側(cè)重于從立體間)通過,穿過”。故根據(jù)句意,選D。變式訓(xùn)練4( )(原創(chuàng))They passed______the forest,then they saw a big flat field full of colorful flowers. A.on B.throughC.away D.byB【試題分析】 本題考查“pass+…”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。【解析】 句意:他們穿過森林,然后就看見了一片長(zhǎng)滿鮮花的廣袤而又平坦的田野。“pass on傳遞,去世”;“pass by(側(cè)重于從旁邊) 經(jīng)過”;“pass away 去世,消失”;“pass through(側(cè)重于從立體間) 通過,穿過”。故根據(jù)句意,故選B。5.set off 出發(fā)【教材原文】With the support of his family,Xu set off for the first time at 22 and took four major trips in his lifetime.在家人的支持下,徐霞客22歲時(shí)首次旅行,并在一生中進(jìn)行了四次主要游歷。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)set off 是多義詞,除“出發(fā)”還有“燃放,爆炸”之意。At midnight,we have some jiaozi and set off crackers and fireworks to welcome the New Year’s coming.在午夜,我們吃餃子并燃放煙花爆竹以迎接新年的到來。The burning gas was easy to set off an explosion.燃燒的煤氣容易引起爆炸。(2)常用的“set+…”短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。①set up 建立,創(chuàng)立,豎立Zhang guimei set up a High School for Girls in 2008 in Huaping.張桂梅于2008年在華坪建立一所女子高中。They set up some stones as landmarks.他們豎起一些石頭當(dāng)作界碑。②set down 放下,記下,寫下My mother always asks me to set down what the teachers say and write on the blackboard in class.我媽媽總是要我記下課堂上老師所說的和寫在黑板上的東西。典例剖析5( )1.In 1955,the organization________an office in Beijing. A.set off B.set downC.set up D.set out 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查與set相關(guān)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 【解析】 句意:1955年,這個(gè)組織在北京成立了一個(gè)辦事處。A項(xiàng)“set off 出發(fā),燃放,爆炸”;B項(xiàng)“set down放下,記下,寫下”;C項(xiàng)“set up 建立,創(chuàng)立,豎立”;D項(xiàng)“set out 開始”。故根據(jù)句意,選C。( )2.History books say that Magellan________to sail round the world in 1519. A.went off B.gave offC.took off D.set off 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:歷史書上說麥哲倫于1519年開始環(huán)球航行。A項(xiàng)“go off爆炸”;B項(xiàng)“give off 發(fā)出,放出”;C項(xiàng)“take off起飛,脫下,拿走”;D項(xiàng)“set off 出發(fā),燃放,爆炸”。故根據(jù)句意,選D。變式訓(xùn)練5( )1.(原創(chuàng))An Hui Jinzhai Vocational School was________in 2014. A.set up B.set offC.set down D.set backA【試題分析】 本題考查與“set”有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。【解析】 句意:安徽省金寨職業(yè)學(xué)校成立于2014年。A項(xiàng)“set up建立,創(chuàng)立,豎立”;B項(xiàng)“set off 出發(fā),燃放,爆炸”;C項(xiàng)“set down放下,記下,寫下”;“set back 后退,回?fù)堋惫矢鶕?jù)句意,故選A。( )2.(原創(chuàng))The rockets tied to the chair that Wanhu was sitting________. A.set up B.turn upC.set off D.turn offC【試題分析】 本題考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。【解析】 句意:綁在萬戶坐的椅子上的火箭爆炸了。A項(xiàng)“set up建立,創(chuàng)立,豎立”;B項(xiàng)“turn up 出現(xiàn),調(diào)大”;C項(xiàng)“set off出發(fā),燃放,爆炸”;D項(xiàng)“turn off關(guān)閉”。根據(jù)句意,故選C。6.be worth doing sth.值得做某事【教材原文】It’s really worth visiting.這兒真是值得一游。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)worthy adj.有價(jià)值的,值得……的,配得上的This is a worthy English-Chinese dictionary.這是一本有價(jià)值的英漢詞典。①A be worthy of…值得,配得上的His behavior is worthy of praise.他的行為值得稱道。As members of the Communist Party of China,we should be worthy of people’s trust.作為共產(chǎn)黨員,我們應(yīng)該對(duì)得起人民的信任。(2)動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式(doing)表示被動(dòng)意義,相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式(to be done)。 ①A be worth doing.=A be worth to be done.此句型中,主語(yǔ)“A”與“doing”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。The book is worth reading.=The book is worth to be read.這本書值得一讀。②A need doing.=A need to be done.A需要做……。My hair is too long,it needs cutting.=it needs to be cut.我的頭發(fā)需要剪了。③A require doing.=A require to be done.A需要做……。The old man was ill seriously,so he required looking after urgently.=so he required to be looked after urgently.老人病得很嚴(yán)重,因此急需照顧。典例剖析6( )1.Whatever is worth________ is worth ________well. A.doing;done B.doing;doingC.done;doing D.done;done 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義或者固定結(jié)構(gòu):be worth doing。 【解析】 句意:所有值得做的事情都值得做好。“A be worth doing”中,主語(yǔ)“A”與“doing”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,此結(jié)構(gòu)中是動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。故選B。( )2.They are ________of each of us to learn and worship. A.worth of B.worthy ofC.worthy D.worth 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查近義詞辨析。 【解析】 句意:他們才是值得我們每一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)和膜拜的!“sth.be worth doing 某事值得做”;“sth.be worthy of…某事值得……”。因?yàn)轭}干中有“of”,故選C。變式訓(xùn)練6( )1.(改編)The question is whether the project is worth ________or not. A.being done B.be doneC.of doing D.doingD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞形辨析。【解析】 句意:?jiǎn)栴}是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是否值得去做。“the project”與“do”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。固定結(jié)構(gòu)“be worth doing=be worth to be done”中,動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,結(jié)構(gòu)上相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。題干“worth”后不能接“of”。故根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu),故選D。( )2.(改編)They say they like________,but they can never find a book worth______. A.reading;readingB.to read;being read C.to read;to readD.reading;being readA【試題分析】 本題考動(dòng)詞詞形辨析。【解析】 句意:他們說他們喜歡閱讀,但是卻找不到一本值得閱讀的書。由短語(yǔ)“l(fā)ike reading,like to read”可知,無法排除答案。固定結(jié)構(gòu)“be worth doing=be worth to be done”中,動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,結(jié)構(gòu)上相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu),故選A。1.We are now in the north of Yunnan Province.我們現(xiàn)在云南省的北部。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句屬于主系表結(jié)構(gòu),“we主語(yǔ)” “are 系動(dòng)詞” “now時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)” “in the north of Yunnan Province表語(yǔ)”。重點(diǎn)句子【知識(shí)拓展】(1)in,on,to+the east/south/west/north of…區(qū)別。①A be in the east/south/west/north of B.A 在B的東部/南部/西部/北部。(A在B的內(nèi)部,是包含關(guān)系。)Jinzhai is in the west of Anhui Province。金寨縣在安徽的西部。②A be on the east/south/west/north of B.A 在B的東部/南部/西部/北部。(A與B交界)Jiangsu Province is on the east of Anhui Province.江蘇省在安徽省的東邊。③A be to the east/south/west/north of B.A 在B以東/南/西/北。(A與B相隔)Anhui Province is to the north of Fujian Province.安徽省在福建省的北邊。典例剖析1( )1.There is a park________ the west of our school. A.in B.onC.to D.all of the above 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查in,on,to后接地點(diǎn),表示方位的區(qū)別。 【解析】 如果選A 項(xiàng),“我們學(xué)校的西部有一個(gè)公園。”,表示公園在學(xué)校里面。如果選B項(xiàng),“我們學(xué)校的西邊有一個(gè)公園。”表示公園與學(xué)校交界。如果選C項(xiàng),表示公園與學(xué)校相隔。在沒有具體的位置提示時(shí),這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都正確,故選D。( )2.There are some trees in our school,they are________ the south of the school. A.in B.toC.beside D.on 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查介詞表示方位的區(qū)別。 【解析】 句意:我們學(xué)校里有許多樹,它們?cè)趯W(xué)校的南邊。“in the south of…”表示兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)是包含關(guān)系。“to the south of…”表示兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)是相隔關(guān)系。“beside 在……旁邊”。“on the south of…”表示兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)是交界關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意的提示,“樹”在學(xué)校的里面,故選A。仿寫運(yùn)用1(漢譯英)1.八達(dá)嶺長(zhǎng)城在北京的北部。____________________________________________________2.上海在安徽的東邊。____________________________________________________3.老師辦公室在我們教室隔壁,在教室的西邊。_______________________________________________________________________________Badaling Great Wall is in the north of Beijing.Shanghai is to the east of Anhui Province.The teachers’ office is next to our classroom,which is on the west of the classroom.2.In front of us is Shangri-La.香格里拉就在我們的前面。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝句。真正的主語(yǔ)是“Shangri-La”,“In front of us”是介賓短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)in front of…與in the front of…區(qū)別。①A be in front of B.A在B的前面。(A與B是并列關(guān)系。)In front of Anhui Jinzhai Vocational School is a broad road,which is called Baima Road.安徽金寨職業(yè)學(xué)校的前面是一條寬闊的馬路,叫白馬路。②A be in the front of B.A在B的前部。(A在B內(nèi)部,是包含關(guān)系。)The blackboard in the front of the classroom is much bigger than that in the back.教室前面的黑板比后面的黑板大得多。(2)倒裝句①分類:完全倒裝和部分倒裝。②結(jié)構(gòu):完全倒裝:全部謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)……。部分倒裝:部分謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)+……。Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.他剛到家就下起雨來了。Under the big tree was sitting an old woman.大樹底下正坐著一位老人。③完全倒裝的條件。a.here、there、out、in、up、down、away等副詞開頭且主語(yǔ)不是代詞時(shí)。Here is the train.火車來了。Away flew the bird.鳥兒飛走了。b.直接引語(yǔ):“……” ask/say+S.“Where are you going ”asked my mother.我媽媽問:“你要到哪兒去 ”c.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)方位,把表方位的介詞短語(yǔ)調(diào)到句首時(shí)。On the right of my father stands a handsome young man,tall and thin.在我爸爸的右邊站著一位身材瘦高又帥氣的年輕人。④部分倒裝的條件。a.表否定意義的副詞:hardly、never、not、seldom、little、few、scarcely放句首時(shí)。Never did I forget the day when I first met you.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了第一次見到你的那天。b.only所修飾的介賓短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)。Only in the morning can you meet him.只有在早晨你才能見到他。c.虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,if條件句中含有were、had、should時(shí),為了強(qiáng)調(diào),省略if,而把were、had、should 置于句首形成倒裝。Had I known it earlier,I would have told you about it.要是我早知道這件事,我早就把它告訴你了。典例剖析2( )1.The bus stops right ________of our school. A.in the front of B.in front ofC.in the front D.in front 【答案】 D 【試題分析】 本題考查固定詞組辨析。 【解析】 句意:公交車就停在我們學(xué)校的前面。固定短語(yǔ)“in front of…在……的前面”表示兩個(gè)事物之間是并列關(guān)系,彼此不包含;“in the front of…在……前部”表示兩個(gè)事物之間是包含關(guān)系。“公交車”在“學(xué)校”的外面,兩者是并列關(guān)系。因題干中已有“of”,故選D。( )2.Not only________speak French,but also________write articles in it. A.he can;he canB.can he;can heC.can he;he canD.he can;can he 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查倒裝句。 【解析】 句意:他不僅會(huì)說法語(yǔ),而且能用法語(yǔ)寫文章。“not only…but also…不但……而且……”,以否定詞“not only”開始的句子要倒裝,“but also”所在的句子要用正常詞序,不能倒裝,故選C。仿寫運(yùn)用2(漢譯英)1.我們的班主任買了許多小盆栽放在教室的前面。______________________________________________________________________________________________2.放學(xué)時(shí),學(xué)校的大門前有許多車。_____________________________________________________3.這條河上有四座橋。_____________________________________________________Our head teacher bought many small potting plants and put them in the front of the classroom.There are a lot of cars in front of the school gate after school.There are four bridges over the river.3.Shangri-La is also rich in ethnic culture.香格里拉還有豐富的民族文化。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。主語(yǔ)是“Shangri-La”,謂語(yǔ)“is”,表語(yǔ)“rich in ethnic culture”。【知識(shí)拓展】A be rich in B A中含有豐富的B。A healthy diet should include a variety of food,most of which should be rich in nutrients.健康的飲食應(yīng)該包含多種食物,大部分應(yīng)該含有豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物。This area is known to be rich in natural resources.據(jù)了解,這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的自然資源。典例剖析3( )Dragon fruit is rich________ vitamin B,which is good ________our skin. A.for;in B.in;ofC.in;for D.for;in 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查固定詞組搭配。 【解析】 句意:火龍果含有豐富的維生素B族,對(duì)我們的皮膚有好處。固定短語(yǔ)“be rich in…富含……”,“be good for…對(duì)……有益”。根據(jù)句意,故選C。仿寫運(yùn)用3(英譯漢)1.Trees are good for our world._____________________________________________________2.Those foods are rich in fats,sugar and salts。_____________________________________________________樹木有益于我們的世界。這些食物富含脂肪、糖和鹽。4.Although he experienced all sorts of difficulties, Xu never thought of quitting.盡管經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的困難,但徐霞客從未考慮過退縮。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句是“although”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。主句“Xu never thought of quitting.”和從句“Although he experienced all sorts of difficulties and hardships,”都是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)all sorts of…=all kinds of…各種各樣的…… There are all sorts of trees in our school.我們學(xué)校里有各種各樣的樹木。Seeing from the top of the hill,we can see all kinds of colorful flowers.從山頂上看,我們可以看到各種各樣色彩鮮艷的花。(2)think of…想起,認(rèn)為,考慮What do you think of Chinese food 你認(rèn)為中餐怎么樣 We must think of the date when we set off.我們必須考慮出發(fā)的日期。“Sorry,I can’t think of your name.”said the old man.老人說:“抱歉我想不起你的名字了。”(3)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可以有“as,although,though,even though,even if,no matter+wh-,wh-+ever”等引導(dǎo)。①在句中“though,although”不能與“but”連用,但可以和“yet,still”連用。②“as”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中必須要把表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提到句首,變成倒裝句;“though”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可倒裝可不倒裝;倒裝句中,如果擔(dān)任表語(yǔ)的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,名詞前要用零冠詞。Although/Though he was worn out,(still) he kept on working.雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了,但仍然繼續(xù)工作。He won’t listen whatever you may say.無論你說什么,他都不會(huì)聽。No matter who you are,you must keep the law.不管你是誰,你都要遵紀(jì)守法。Child as he is,he knows how to help others.=Though he is a child,he knows how to help others.雖然他是一個(gè)孩子,卻知道如何幫助他人。典例剖析4( )1.There are______dresses in this clothing store.We can buy what we like. A.a kind of B.all kinds ofC.a sort of D.all sort of 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。 【解析】 句意:在這家服裝店里,有各種各樣的連衣裙。我們能買到我們喜歡的。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)“a kind of…/a sort of…一種……”,由句中“are”和“dresses”可排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。;B項(xiàng)“all kinds of…各種各樣的”;D項(xiàng)“sort”應(yīng)該為“sorts”。故選B。( )2.These animals can move without making a sound______ they are very heavy. A.as if B.so thatC.although D.until 【答案】 C 【試題分析】 本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 【解析】 句意:這些動(dòng)物雖然體重很大,但走起路來卻沒有什么聲音。A項(xiàng)“as if似乎,好像”引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句;B項(xiàng)“so that以至于,為了”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果或目的狀語(yǔ)從句;C項(xiàng)“although 雖然,盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;D項(xiàng)“until 直到”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意,故選C。仿寫運(yùn)用4(漢譯英)1.無論你說什么,我都相信你。_____________________________________________________2.小湯姆有各種各樣的玩具。_____________________________________________________3.你認(rèn)為這輛車怎么樣 _____________________________________________________No matter what you say,I believe you.Little Tom has got all kinds of toys.What do you think of this car 5.Xu spent over 30 years traveling throughout the country.徐霞客花費(fèi)了30多年時(shí)間游歷祖國(guó)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,含有一個(gè)固定詞組搭配“spend…(in) doing sth.”。“traveling”前省略介詞“in”,介賓短語(yǔ)“(in) traveling…”可以理解為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),對(duì)“over 30 years”進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步解釋和說明。【知識(shí)拓展】(1)spend,take,cost,pay,buy 的區(qū)別。①spend 花費(fèi),度過。其主語(yǔ)必須是“sb.”。句式1:sb.spent some time or some money (in) doing sth.花時(shí)間或金錢做某事 句式2:sb.spent some time or some money on sth.花時(shí)間或金錢在某事上He spends two hours in practicing spoken English every day.他每天用兩個(gè)小時(shí)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。My elder sister spends about five thousand yuan on her clothes every year.每年,我姐姐大約要花五千元在她的服裝上。②take 花費(fèi),帶走。作“花費(fèi)”時(shí),主語(yǔ)是“to do sth.”而且后置,用“it”作形式主語(yǔ)。 句式: It takes sb.some time or some money to do sth.It takes him two hours to practice spoken English every day.他每天用兩個(gè)小時(shí)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。It takes my elder sister about five thousand yuan to buy clothes every year.每年,我姐姐大約要花五千元買衣服。③cost 價(jià)錢為,花費(fèi)。主語(yǔ)必須是“sth.”只能“花費(fèi)金錢”句式:sth.cost sb.some money.This book cost me more than fifty yuan.這本書花了我五十多元。④pay支付。主語(yǔ)必須是“sb.”。句式:sb.pay some money for sth.I paid more than fifty yuan for this book.這本書花了我五十多元。⑤buy購(gòu)買。主語(yǔ)必須是“sb.”。I bought this book for more than fifty yuan.典例剖析5( )1.It ________them more than ten years to build the Great Wall under terrible conditions. A.took B.takesC.cost D.costs 【答案】 A 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義及詞形。 【解析】 句意:在惡劣的條件下,他們花了十多年的時(shí)間建筑長(zhǎng)城。根據(jù)固定句式:“it takes sb.…to do sth.”排除C和D。由常識(shí)可知,建長(zhǎng)城的時(shí)間是過去。故選A。( )2.My son is going to________ a week______staying with his grandpa. A.paid;for B.spend;/C.take;to D.cost;/ 【答案】 B 【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。 【解析】 句意:我兒子打算用一個(gè)星期來陪伴他的爺爺。由固定句式“sb.spend some time or some money(in)doing sth.”根據(jù)句意和固定句式,故選B。語(yǔ)境填詞 11.他坐在椅子上看報(bào)。He sat in the chair________ newspapers. 2.這些水果花了我大約200元。These fruits________me about 200 yuan. 3.建筑長(zhǎng)城花了大約30萬人10多年的時(shí)間。It took about 300000 workers over 10 years________Great Wall. 4.從山頂看城市,它顯得更漂亮了。________from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful. reading cost to buildSeen一般過去時(shí)定義:一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也可以表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。構(gòu)成:1.S+was/were+P(1)肯(否)定句:第一人稱和第三人稱單數(shù)+was(not)…肯(否)定句:第二人稱和復(fù)數(shù)+were(not)…He began to learn English when he was five.他五歲時(shí),開始學(xué)英語(yǔ)。She wasn’t a teacher ten years ago.十年前,她不是一名老師。My friends were here to help me when I was in trouble.我遇到困難時(shí),我的朋友都在這兒幫助我。(2)一般疑問句:Was/Were+S… Was he three years old when we moved here 我們搬到這兒時(shí),他是3歲吧 Were you in Beijing at that moment 那個(gè)時(shí)候你在北京嗎 (3)特殊疑問句:Wh-+was/were+S… Where were you at that moment 那個(gè)時(shí)候你在哪兒 How old was he when we moved here 我們搬到這兒時(shí),他多大了 2.S+v-ed (除去was,were)+O/P.(1)肯定句:S+v-ed…Her face turned red.她的臉變紅了。I worked here three years ago.三年前,我在這兒工作。(2)否定句:S+didn’t+v.…My son didn’t go to see his grandpa with us yesterday.昨天,我兒子沒有和我們一起去看他爺爺。(3)一般疑問句:Did+S+v.… Did your son go to see his grandpa with you 你兒子昨天和你們一起去看他爺爺了嗎 (4)特殊疑問句:Wh-+did+S+v.… What did you do last weekend 上周末,你在干什么呢 用法:1.表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Jim went home yesterday.吉姆昨天晚上回家了。2.表示過去存在的狀態(tài)。He was excellent when he was studying in high school.在高中時(shí),他是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。3.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I got up at half past five to make breakfast for my son every day last year.去年,我每天早上五點(diǎn)半起床為我兒子做早餐。動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則:1.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式(在不規(guī)則中尋找規(guī)則)。(1)AAA型 (原形-過去式-過去分詞)cut-cut-cut put-put-puthurt-hurt-hurt cost-cost-cost(2)AAB型(原形-過去式-過去分詞)beat-beat-beaten(3)ABA型 (原形-過去式-過去分詞)come-came-comebecome-became-becomerun-ran-run(4)ABB型 (原形-過去式-過去分詞)buy-bought-bought spend-spent-spentfeel-felt-felt keep-kept-kepttell-told-told pay-paid-paidmeet-met-met have-had-had(5)ABC型 (原形-過去式-過去分詞)begin-began-begunknow-knew-knowngive-gave-givenspeak-spoke-spokenam/is-was-been are-were-beengo-went-gone do-did-donesee-saw-seen2.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式。(1)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞.把y變?yōu)閕+ed。study-studied carry-carriedhurry-hurried worry-worried(2)雙寫規(guī)則。詞的后三個(gè)字母和讀音滿足下列條件:輔音字母+元音字母+輔音字母,輔音+元音+輔音,雙寫末尾的輔音字母+ed。stop-stopped hop-hoppedrob-robbed hug-huggedfit-fitted plan-plannedprefer-preferred beg-beggedpat-patted(3)去e規(guī)則。啞音字母e結(jié)尾的詞,去e+edlike-liked love-lovedhope-hoped smile-smiledmove-moved鏈接真題( )1.(2023·安徽職教高考真題)Last year, Jack______two medals in the sports meeting, and he hopes to get more this year. A.earns B.earnedC.has earned D.will earnB【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞形及時(shí)態(tài)。【解析】 句意:去年,杰克在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上獲得了兩塊獎(jiǎng)牌,今年他希望能得到更多。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast year去年”可知本題應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故選B。( )2.(2022·安徽職教高考真題)I’m proud that my town ________as City of Culture last month. A.chooses B.choseC.is chosen D.was chosenD【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞形及時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。【解析】 句意:我很自豪我的小鎮(zhèn)上個(gè)月被選為文明城市。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast month上個(gè)月” 可排除A和C。賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)“my town”與“choose”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此本題用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài),故選D。( )3.(2021·安徽職教高考真題)Paper________by the Chinese about 2 000 years ago. A.invents B.inventedC.was invented D.will be inventedC【試題分析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞形及時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。【解析】 句意:大約兩千年前,中國(guó)人民發(fā)明了紙。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“about 2 000 years ago 大約兩千年前” 可排除A和D。句子主語(yǔ)“paper”與“invent”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此本題用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài),故選C。練一練( )1.(原創(chuàng))My father always________to Shanghai on business last year. A.was going B.goesC.went D.is goingC【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形辨析。【解析】 句意:我爸爸去年總是去上海出差。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast year去年” 可排除B和D。A項(xiàng)“was going”是過去將來時(shí),由副詞“always”和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知,本題用一般過去時(shí),故選C。( )2.(原創(chuàng))My grandma,who was 96,________ last November.We all miss her very much. A.passed away B.passes awayC.passed through D.passes throughA【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形和詞義。【解析】 句意:我姥姥去年十一月去世了,享年96歲,我們都非常思念她。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast November去年十一月” 可排除B和D。A項(xiàng)“pass away去世,消失,停止”,C項(xiàng)“pass through通過。穿過”。根據(jù)句意,故選A。( )3.(改編)My parents always ________me to do my best in school and help me with my homework. A.encourage B.encouragedC.encourages D.have encouragedA【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形。【解析】 句意:我父母總是鼓勵(lì)我在學(xué)校要盡力做到最好,并幫助我完成家庭作業(yè)。此句是由“and”連接的并列句。主語(yǔ)“my parents”,并列謂語(yǔ)“________”和“help”。由已知謂語(yǔ)“help”可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。 ( )4.(改編)They______millions of dollars in building the Sports Centre in 2001. A.spent B.tookC.spend D.had takenA【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形和詞義。【解析】 句意:2001年,他們用了幾百萬美元建了一個(gè)體育中心。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in 2001”與現(xiàn)在對(duì)比是過去,可知本題要用過去式,且排除C項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)“took”是過去式但主語(yǔ)必須是“to do sth.”。D項(xiàng)“had taken”表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在2001年前,可排除。A項(xiàng)“spent”的主語(yǔ)是“sb.”,且是過去式,符合本題,故選A。( )5.(原創(chuàng))Our geography teacher________us that the earth ________around the sun just now. A.tell;moves B.told;movesC.told;moved D.tells;movesB【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形。【解析】 句意:我們的地理老師剛剛告訴我們,地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。這是一個(gè)含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子,從句“地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)”是客觀真理,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),不受主句的影響,故第二空應(yīng)用“moves”。由“just now”可知,主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),第一空應(yīng)用“told”。故選B。( )6.(原創(chuàng))She________ a wonderful film alone last night. A.watch B.watchesC.watched D.watchingC【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形。【解析】 句意:昨天晚上,她一個(gè)人看了一部精彩的電影。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast night”可知,本題用一般過去時(shí),故選C。( )7.(改編)Our head teacher said:“There________an online video meeting next Monday.” A.will be going to B.will going to beC.is going to be D.was going to beC【試題分析】 本題考查“there be”句型的時(shí)態(tài)。【解析】 句意:我們班主任說:“下周一,有一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻會(huì)議”。“There____an online video meeting next Monday.”是直接引語(yǔ)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“next Monday”得用一般將來時(shí),排除D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)“will”與“be going to”重復(fù),且缺少“be”。B項(xiàng)“will”后接動(dòng)詞原形。只有C項(xiàng)符合,故選C。 ( )8.We will go shopping if it________. A.rains B.didn’t rainC.doesn’t rain D.isn’t rainC【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的特殊用法。【解析】 句意:如果不下雨,我們就去購(gòu)物。由主句謂語(yǔ)已知“will go”可知本題要用一般將來時(shí),排除B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意,排除A項(xiàng)。“if”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。D項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤,只有C項(xiàng)符合,故選C。( )9.________you________at six o’clock yesterday A.Do;get up B.Did;get upC.Do;got up D.Did;got upB【試題分析】 本題考查一般過去時(shí)的疑問。【解析】 句意:昨天早上,你是六點(diǎn)起床的嗎 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“yesterday”可知本題用一般過去時(shí),排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。“Did”后用動(dòng)詞原形,故選B。( )10.(改編)It________ hard when he got home. A.rained B.rainC.rains D.was rainingD【試題分析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)及動(dòng)詞詞形。【解析】 句意:他到家時(shí),天正在下大雨。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)“got”可知,應(yīng)排除B和C。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)幼髡谶M(jìn)行,應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故選D。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫(kù)