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Section Ⅳ　Writing about a lesson from nature
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
　　（2024·海南瓊海高二下月考）Scientists have shown that bees have some surprising maths skills.Now， new study shows that bees can even be trained to tell the difference between odd and even numbers.Before this， humans were the only animals known to have this ability.
　　In 2018， researchers in Australia discovered that bees could understand the idea of “zero”.The researchers were perplexed， since only a few animals， like dolphins， monkeys， and some birds， had shown that they understood zero.Later， the same scientists showed that bees could be trained to add and subtract （減）.
　　In the study， researchers divided honeybees into two control groups.They showed bees cards containing printed shapes that numbered from one to ten.One group was trained to fly to even-numbered cards， which earned them a sugar water treat if they successfully completed the task.If they flew to an odd-numbered card， they received a sour liquid.The second group had a similar approach， but the numbers were reversed （相反的）.An odd card would earn them a sweet treat and an even card would give them a sour liquid.Researchers continued this lesson until the bees succeeded at least 80% of the time.
　　Then， they added a new challenge.They had the bees choose between cards with 11 and 12 shapes on them.The bees had never seen these numbers in their training.Even so， they succeeded 70% of the time.
　　The reason for this study is that the scientists believe that studying bee brains might help us learn how to build better and faster computers.After all， a bee’s brain is about 86，000 times smaller than a human brain.How does it handle such complicated ideas？ Unless the brain structures for processing numbers aren’t so complicated.Then， the scientists built an extremely simple computer system with just five connections called neurons （神經(jīng)元）， and they were able to train it to tell the difference between even and odd numbers up to 40.
1.What does the underlined word “perplexed” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Tolerant. B.Creative.
C.Puzzled. D.Discouraged.
2.How did the bees get their reward in the study？（　　）
A.By mixing the two drinks.
B.By drawing the right shapes.
C.By removing correct numbers.
D.By landing on specified cards.
3.What is the final goal of this study？（　　）
A.Finding potential technology innovations.
B.Teaching bees different means of learning.
C.Speeding the learning behavior of humans.
D.Training bees to serve mankind more easily.
4.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Bees Calculate Numbers like Humans
B.Scientists Train Bees to Count Numbers
C.Odds and Evens Are Significant to Bees
D.Bees Can Learn Odd and Even Numbers
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·廣東湛江高二上期末）In November 2020， a polar bear named Suka gave birth to several little ones， including Laerke.Laerke and her brothers and sisters were the first polar bears successfully born and 　5　 in the Detroit Zoo since 2004.
　　Days after her 　6　， Laerke became significantly inactive and appeared increasingly 　7　.She was sent off to the zoo’s health complex for 　8　， but by the time she returned home， her mom no longer 　9　 Laerke as her cub （小熊）.
　　Without having any other polar bear who would 　10　 her， she would have to go without a 　11　， or so they thought.　12　， that’s right when Jebbie needed a new home！ Jebbie， the baby grizzly bear was 　13　 all by himself helplessly in Tok， Alaska， when he was 　14　 and taken to the Detroit Zoo， where he and Laerke had been gradually getting to know each other.
　　After some time， Jebbie and Laerke became best 　15　！ The zookeepers have since posted pictures and videos of them playing， showing just how 　16　 they are.Together， they’re able to wrestle in the grassy tundra （苔原）， splash around in the freshwater or saltwater pools， and play with toys 　17　.
　　“We’re excited that we are able to give Jebbie a home and 　18　 a much-needed friend for Laerke，” said Scott， chief life sciences officer of the Detroit Zoo.“This social development is critically 　19　 for both Laerke and Jebbie.”
5.（　）A.found　　　　　 B.hurt
C.raised D.caught
6.（　）A.birth B.survival
C.escape D.return
7.（　）A.anxious B.weak
C.big D.excited
8.（　）A.entertainment B.development
C.experiment D.treatment
9.（　）A.understood B.recognized
C.forgave D.scared
10.（　）A.accept B.teach
C.depend on D.believe in
11.（　）A.companion B.meal
C.room D.toy
12.（　）A.Generally B.Sadly
C.Honestly D.Luckily
13.（　）A.crying B.wandering
C.hunting D.playing
14.（　）A.beaten B.examined
C.rescued D.shot
15.（　）A.examples B.friends
C.models D.witnesses
16.（　）A.lonely B.careful
C.lovely D.fearful
17.（　）A.crazily B.regretfully
C.happily D.hopefully
18.（　）A.provide B.recover
C.visit D.protect
19.（　）A.impossible B.dangerous
C.strange D.important
Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·四川眉山高二上期末）
How a Powerful Dream Taught Me to Respect My Sister
　　It was Friday about 4：15 pm.I had just gotten back from school； I sat down on a table to do my homework.“Hi， Mom.” “Daniela， I need to talk with you.” “About what？” “Your dad and I have been thinking really hard about this， and you are getting a new sister.” “What， but what about me？” I asked.“I don’t want a sister.Don’t you love me？” “Yes， but ...”
　　Without letting her finish， I rushed to my room crying.I closed my door and went to my bed.I had so much anger that I threw my glass cup on the floor.“What happened here？” Mom asked to herself.My mom came in a few minutes later.She said that the way I was acting wasn’t the right way to act.My mom started talking about how my new sister was having a really hard time.She said that her parents had unfortunately died in an earthquake， so she had to go to a foster （寄養(yǎng)的） home.A few days later， she got adopted by a family who treated her badly.They didn’t give her enough food or water and she had to do all the housework until one day she got tired of being treated poorly and escaped to a shelter， and that is where they found her.But whatever she said， I just couldn’t agree.
　　That night I had a terrible dream.I dreamed an earthquake happened and when the shaking stopped， my house and parents were nowhere to see.I became homeless and was brought to a farm， staying there with a horrible woman who never gave me food.Later I found an opportunity to run away from the farm.Then the woman ran after me and I ran harder till suddenly I opened my eyes， finding myself still on the bed.“OMG！ What just happened？” I asked myself， full of fear.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
　　The dream changed me and I started to reflect on myself.
The next morning Dad drove alone to the shelter and brought my new sister home.
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a lesson from nature
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明蜜蜂有一些驚人的數(shù)學(xué)技能。現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，蜜蜂甚至可以通過訓(xùn)練來區(qū)分奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為研究蜜蜂的大腦可能有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)如何構(gòu)建更好、更快的計算機。
1.C　詞義猜測題。上文說“澳大利亞的研究者在2018年發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂能理解‘零’的概念”，下文說“因為只有一些哺乳動物，像海豚、猴子和一些鳥類，已經(jīng)表明它們理解‘零’”。由此可知，此處為研究人員對于這一現(xiàn)象感到困惑。故可猜測，畫線單詞perplexed為“困惑的”意思，與puzzled意思一致。
2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的One group was trained to fly to even-numbered cards， which earned them a sugar water treat if they successfully completed the task.可知，在這項研究中，蜜蜂通過降落在指定的卡片上得到獎勵。
3.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的The reason for this study is that the scientists believe that studying bee brains might help us learn how to build better and faster computers.可推知，這項研究的最終目的是尋找潛在的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。
4.D　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明蜜蜂有一些驚人的數(shù)學(xué)技能。現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，蜜蜂甚至可以通過訓(xùn)練來區(qū)分奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為研究蜜蜂的大腦可能有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)如何構(gòu)建更好、更快的計算機。因此D項（蜜蜂可以學(xué)習(xí)奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)）為文章最佳標(biāo)題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。底特律動物園成功誕生的北極熊Laerke因為生病被帶去檢查后，它的媽媽不再認(rèn)它，但幸運的是它和在阿拉斯加被救助的灰熊Jebbie成為好朋友，它們在園中一起玩耍、成長，這對于兩只小熊的社交發(fā)展非常重要。
5.C　根據(jù)上文the first polar bears successfully born and可知，Laerke和它的兄弟姐妹是自2004年以來底特律動物園成功出生和撫養(yǎng)的第一批北極熊。find找到；hurt受傷；raise撫養(yǎng)；catch捕捉。
6.A　根據(jù)第一段中的In November 2020， a polar bear named Suka gave birth to several little ones， including Laerke.可知，在Laerke出生后，變得明顯不活躍。birth出生；survival存活；escape逃生；return返回。
7.B　根據(jù)上文significantly inactive可知，Laerke變得明顯不活躍，并且看起來越來越虛弱。anxious焦慮的；weak虛弱的；big大的；excited興奮的。
8.D　根據(jù)空前的the zoo’s health complex可知，它被送到動物園的健康中心接受治療。entertainment娛樂；development發(fā)展；experiment實驗；treatment治療。
9.B　根據(jù)but和下文as her cub可知，但當(dāng)Laerke回到家時，它的媽媽已認(rèn)不出Laerke是自己的幼崽。understand理解；recognize認(rèn)出；forgive原諒；scare害怕。
10.A　根據(jù)上文her mom no longer 　9　 Laerke as her cub可知，自己的媽媽認(rèn)不出自己，同時別的北極熊也不愿意接受它。accept接受；teach教；depend on依賴于；believe in相信。
11.A　沒有其他的北極熊愿意接受它，它就不得不孤零零地沒有同伴了。companion同伴；meal餐食；room房間；toy玩具。
12.D　根據(jù)下文that’s right when Jebbie needed a new home可知，就在此時另外一只小熊Jebbie需要一個新家，因此Jebbie可以成為Laerke的伴侶，這對Laerke來說是幸運的。generally通常地；sadly悲傷地；honestly誠實地；luckily幸運地。
13.B　根據(jù)空后的all by himself helplessly in Tok， Alaska和下文taken to the Detroit Zoo可知，Jebbie是一只小灰熊，它在阿拉斯加州托克無助地徘徊時被人們救助，并被帶到底特律動物園。cry哭泣；wander徘徊；hunt狩獵；play玩耍。
14.C　參見上題解析。beat打敗；examine檢查；rescue救援；shoot射擊。
15.B　根據(jù)上文where he and Laerke had been gradually getting to know each other可知，經(jīng)過一段時間，Jebbie和Laerke成為最好的朋友。example例子；friend朋友；model模特；witness證人。
16.C　根據(jù)上文The zookeepers have since posted pictures and videos of them playing可知，動物園管理員上傳了它們玩耍的照片和視頻，向人們展示它們有多可愛。lonely孤獨的；careful小心的；lovely可愛的；fearful害怕的。
17.C　根據(jù)空前的play with toys可知，它們可以一起開心地玩玩具。crazily瘋狂地；regretfully遺憾地；happily快樂地；hopefully希望地。
18.A　根據(jù)上段最后一句可知，此處表示為Laerke提供一位非常需要的朋友。provide提供；recover恢復(fù)；visit訪問；protect保護。
19.D　底特律動物園能夠給Jebbie一個家，并為Laerke提供一位非常需要的朋友，因此這種社交發(fā)展對它們都很重要。impossible不可能的；dangerous危險的；strange奇怪的；important重要的。
Ⅲ.
　　The dream changed me and I started to reflect on myself.There is no doubt that we are supposed to help those who are in trouble.There is an old saying that disaster is merciless， there is love in the world.My new sister survived the earthquake， during which she lost her loved parents.What was worse， she was treated badly in the fostered family， resulting in the terrible and desperate situation.Faced with her sufferings， I shouldn’t be so selfish to reject her coming.Deeply realized what I did was completely wrong， I apologized to my parents.
　　The next morning Dad drove alone to the shelter and brought my new sister home.She received a warm and enthusiastic welcome from our family.My mom prepared a big and delicious dinner.After enjoying the dinner， I shared my toys with my new sister， playing with her with enthusiasm.The poor girl moved to tears， saying no words.Instead she hugged each of us tightly.My parents felt extremely proud of what I had done.
4 / 4Section Ⅳ　Writing about a lesson from nature
Step 1　品教材課文 Step 2　析寫作手法
The Meaning of Struggle One day， a man found the pupa of a butterfly.Seeing an opening in the pupa， he realised that the butterfly was ready to emerge. So he sat down and watched as the butterfly struggled to force its body through the little hole.However， minutes passed and the butterfly still couldn’t get out.The struggle was too hard for its weak body.The man then kindly enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could finally break free.But instead of flying away， it just dragged itself around weakly， then died.The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow strong.Without the struggle， it was too weak to live. In the same way， we need struggle to grow strong and survive.We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly. A suitable title for the story 選取一個與自然界相關(guān)的富有哲理寓意的主題，并為故事擬定了一個貼合文意的標(biāo)題。 Para.1：The background， plot and ending of the story 首段第二句中使用了動詞-ing短語Seeing an opening in the pupa作狀語，使句子表達簡潔；第三句中使用了as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；第六句中使用了so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，這些從句的使用使表達富于變化。本段中還多處使用了銜接詞，如so， however， but等，使語言連貫，過渡自然，銜接緊密。 Para.2：What lessons we can learn from the story 文中使用了隱喻的修辭手法，將蝴蝶破繭掙扎的過程與人的成長過程進行比較，實際上是為了給讀者啟示：成長的過程需要個人努力奮斗，同時也要尊重自然規(guī)律。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
1.Nature is often regarded as our best teacher.
大自然經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是我們最好的老師。
2.It’s not surprising for us to draw wisdom from nature.
從大自然中汲取智慧對我們來說是不足為奇的。
3.The idiom reminds us of the importance of diligence.
這個成語提醒我們勤奮的重要性。
4.Preparation plays an important role on the road to success.
準(zhǔn)備在成功的道路上起著重要的作用。
5.Make full preparations and you can make achievements and attain your goals.
做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，你就能取得成就，實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。
6.In my opinion， this short story tells us that life is not fair and that anything can happen.
在我看來，這個短篇故事告訴我們，生活是不公平的，任何事情都可能發(fā)生。
7.What the picture attempts to convey is that cooperation will benefit everyone.
圖片試圖傳達的是，合作將惠及所有人。
8.It is obvious that if we behave like the ants， we will defeat all the difficulties.
很明顯，如果我們表現(xiàn)得像螞蟻一樣，我們將戰(zhàn)勝一切困難。
9.In the same way， if we’re too anxious for quick results and rush to complete them， we may neglect some important stages and ended in failure.
同樣，如果我們急功近利，急于完成，我們可能會忽視一些重要的階段，最終遭受失敗。
假定你是李華，你的朋友Mike向你詢問漢語成語“揠苗助長”的含義。請你根據(jù)下面的漢語提示用英語寫一篇短文，向其解釋該成語的由來和意義。
宋人有閔其苗之不長而揠之者，芒芒然歸，謂其人曰：“今日病矣！予助苗長矣！”其子趨而往視之，苗則槁矣。
一、審題謀篇，結(jié)構(gòu)分明
第一段：解釋成語的含義；
第二段：敘述故事的經(jīng)過；
第三段：感受和教訓(xùn)。
二、要點陳述、語言規(guī)范
1.成語“揠苗助長”的意思就是通過將植物拔高而幫助它們生長。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.它背后有一個故事。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.宋國有個人，很擔(dān)心自己種的秧苗長得太慢。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.他把它們一棵棵往上拔。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.他回來對家人說：“我今天累壞了，因為我?guī)脱砻玳L高了。”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.他的兒子聽了，跑去田地，發(fā)現(xiàn)秧苗都死了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.這個成語給了我們一個教訓(xùn)。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.違背事物發(fā)展規(guī)律，急功近利，只會使事情變得更糟。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
三、句間銜接，過渡自然
1.用定語從句合并要點1和要點2。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.用同位語從句合并要點7和要點8。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
四、檢查謄寫，卷面整潔
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
動作描寫 seek solutions to 尋求解決方法 take inspiration from 從……中獲取靈感 employ v.使用，運用 bow v.鞠躬 reject v.拒絕接受 ease v.減輕；緩解；使安心；（使）寬慰 n.舒適，悠閑 depart v.離開
環(huán)境描寫 lotus n.蓮花；荷花 pond n.池塘 mulberry n.桑葚；桑樹 dragonfly n.蜻蜓 lane n.（鄉(xiāng)間的）小路 cottage n.鄉(xiāng)村小屋 rural adj.農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)村的 botanical adj.植物（學(xué)）的
人物描寫 physician n.醫(yī)生 decent adj.可接受的，相當(dāng)好的 reluctant adj.不情愿的；勉強的 fulfilment n.滿足（感） wisdom n.智慧
　　請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞完成下面語段。
為了減輕工作壓力，上周我和朋友哈里開車去了鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。走在鄉(xiāng)間的小路上，我被池塘里的荷花、隨風(fēng)搖曳的桑樹和飛舞的蜻蜓所吸引。“這景色多美啊！”哈里低聲自言自語，臉上不自覺地掛著微笑。突然，我們看見遠(yuǎn)處有一座鄉(xiāng)村小屋。小屋越來越近，我們越來越高興，因為我們在那里看到了一個美麗的植物園。欣賞著田野的美景，我們感到一種滿足感。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a lesson from nature
【演練佳作·寫美文】
寫作步驟
二、1.The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”.
2.There is a story behind it.
3.A man in the Song State was anxious about the slow growth of his seedlings.
4.He pulled them upward one by one.
5.He came back saying to his family，“I’m exhausted today，for I’ve helped the seedlings grow much taller.”
6.Hearing this，his son ran to the field and found all the seedlings had died.
7.This set phrase teaches us a lesson.
8.Going against the law of development in things and being overanxious for quick results will only make things worse.
三、1.The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”，behind which there is a story.
2.This set phrase teaches us the lesson that going against the law of development in things and being overanxious for quick results will only make things worse.
四、
　　The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”，behind which there is a story.
A man in the Song State was anxious about the slow growth of his seedlings.So， he pulled them upward one by one.He came back saying to his family， “I’m exhausted today，for I’ve helped the seedlings grow much taller.”Hearing this， his son ran to the field and found all the seedlings had died.
This set phrase teaches us the lesson that going against the law of development in things and being overanxious for quick results will only make things worse.
【教材詞匯·練續(xù)寫】
　　To ease the working pressure，I drove to the rural area with my friend Harry last week.While walking on the lanes，I was attracted by the lotuses in the pond，the mulberry trees swinging in the wind and the flying dragonflies.“How amazing the scenery is！”Harry whispered to himself，unconsciously a smile spreading over his face.All of a sudden，we caught sight of a cottage in the distance.The nearer the cottage was， the more delighted we were，because we saw a beautiful botanical garden there.Enjoying the beautiful scene of the field，we felt a sense of fulfilment.
4 / 4(共58張PPT)
Section Ⅳ　
Writing about a lesson from nature
目 錄
2
演練佳作·寫美文
1
細(xì)品課文·學(xué)手法
3
教材詞匯·練續(xù)寫
4
課時檢測·提能力
細(xì)品課文·學(xué)手法
培養(yǎng)思維品質(zhì)
1
Step 1　品教材課文
The Meaning of Struggle
One day， a man found the pupa of a butterfly.Seeing an opening
in the pupa， he realised that the butterfly was ready to emerge. So he sat
down and watched as the butterfly struggled to force its body through the
little hole.However， minutes passed and the butterfly still couldn’t get
out.The struggle was too hard for its weak body.The man then kindly
enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could finally break
free.But instead of flying away， it just dragged itself around weakly，
then died.The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the
butterfly’s survival because it enabled its wings and body to grow
strong.Without the struggle， it was too weak to live.
In the same way， we need struggle to grow strong and
survive.We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to
spread our wings and fly.
Step 2　析寫作手法
A suitable title for the story
選取一個與自然界相關(guān)的富有哲理寓意的主題，并為故事擬定了一個
貼合文意的標(biāo)題。
Para.1：The background， plot and ending of the story
首段第二句中使用了動詞-ing短語Seeing an opening in the pupa作狀
語，使句子表達簡潔；第三句中使用了as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；第六
句中使用了so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，這些從句的使用使表達富于
變化。本段中還多處使用了銜接詞，如so， however， but等，使語言
連貫，過渡自然，銜接緊密。
Para.2：What lessons we can learn from the story
文中使用了隱喻的修辭手法，將蝴蝶破繭掙扎的過程與人的成長過程
進行比較，實際上是為了給讀者啟示：成長的過程需要個人努力奮
斗，同時也要尊重自然規(guī)律。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
1. Nature is often regarded as our best teacher.
大自然經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是我們最好的老師。
2. It’s not surprising for us to draw wisdom from nature.
從大自然中汲取智慧對我們來說是不足為奇的。
3. The idiom reminds us of the importance of diligence.
這個成語提醒我們勤奮的重要性。
4. Preparation plays an important role on the road to success.
準(zhǔn)備在成功的道路上起著重要的作用。
5. Make full preparations and you can make achievements and attain your
goals.
做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，你就能取得成就，實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。
6. In my opinion， this short story tells us that life is not fair and that
anything can happen.
在我看來，這個短篇故事告訴我們，生活是不公平的，任何事情都
可能發(fā)生。
7. What the picture attempts to convey is that cooperation will benefit
everyone.
圖片試圖傳達的是，合作將惠及所有人。
8. It is obvious that if we behave like the ants， we will defeat all the
difficulties.
很明顯，如果我們表現(xiàn)得像螞蟻一樣，我們將戰(zhàn)勝一切困難。
9. In the same way， if we’re too anxious for quick results and rush to
complete them， we may neglect some important stages and ended in
failure.
同樣，如果我們急功近利，急于完成，我們可能會忽視一些重要的
階段，最終遭受失敗。
演練佳作·寫美文
奠定寫作功底
2
假定你是李華，你的朋友Mike向你詢問漢語成語“揠苗助長”的
含義。請你根據(jù)下面的漢語提示用英語寫一篇短文，向其解釋該成語
的由來和意義。
宋人有閔其苗之不長而揠之者，芒芒然歸，謂其人曰：“今日病
矣！予助苗長矣！”其子趨而往視之，苗則槁矣。
一、審題謀篇，結(jié)構(gòu)分明
第一段：解釋成語的含義；
第二段：敘述故事的經(jīng)過；
第三段：感受和教訓(xùn)。
二、要點陳述、語言規(guī)范
1. 成語“揠苗助長”的意思就是通過將植物拔高而幫助它們生長。


2. 它背后有一個故事。

3. 宋國有個人，很擔(dān)心自己種的秧苗長得太慢。


　The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help
seedlings grow by pulling them up”.　
There is a story behind it.　
　A man in the Song State was anxious about the slow growth of his
seedlings.　
4. 他把它們一棵棵往上拔。

5. 他回來對家人說：“我今天累壞了，因為我?guī)脱砻玳L高了。”


6. 他的兒子聽了，跑去田地，發(fā)現(xiàn)秧苗都死了。


7. 這個成語給了我們一個教訓(xùn)。

He pulled them upward one by one.　
　He came back saying to his family，“I’m exhausted today，for
I’ve helped the seedlings grow much taller.”　
　Hearing this，his son ran to the field and found all the seedlings had
died.　
This set phrase teaches us a lesson.　
8. 違背事物發(fā)展規(guī)律，急功近利，只會使事情變得更糟。


　Going against the law of development in things and being
overanxious for quick results will only make things worse.　
三、句間銜接，過渡自然
1. 用定語從句合并要點1和要點2。


2. 用同位語從句合并要點7和要點8。



　The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help
seedlings grow by pulling them up”，behind which there is a story.　
　This set phrase teaches us the lesson that going against the law of
development in things and being overanxious for quick results will only
make things worse.　
四、檢查謄寫，卷面整潔










　The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “Trying to help
seedlings grow by pulling them up”，behind which there is a story.　
　A man in the Song State was anxious about the slow growth of his
seedlings.So， he pulled them upward one by one.He came back saying
to his family， “I’m exhausted today，for I’ve helped the seedlings
grow much taller.”Hearing this， his son ran to the field and found all
the seedlings had died.　
　This set phrase teaches us the lesson that going against the law of
development in things and being overanxious for quick results will only
make things worse.　
教材詞匯·練續(xù)寫
體現(xiàn)學(xué)以致用
3
動作 描寫 seek solutions to 尋求解決方法
take inspiration from 從……中獲取靈感
employ v.使用，運用
bow v.鞠躬
reject v.拒絕接受
ease v.減輕；緩解；使安心；（使）寬慰
n.舒適，悠閑
depart v.離開
環(huán)境 描寫 lotus n.蓮花；荷花
pond n.池塘
mulberry n.桑葚；桑樹
dragonfly n.蜻蜓
lane n.（鄉(xiāng)間的）小路
cottage n.鄉(xiāng)村小屋
rural adj.農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)村的
botanical adj.植物（學(xué)）的
人物 描寫 physician n.醫(yī)生
decent adj.可接受的，相當(dāng)好的
reluctant adj.不情愿的；勉強的
fulfilment n.滿足（感）
wisdom n.智慧
　　請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞完成下
面語段。
為了減輕工作壓力，上周我和朋友哈里開車去了鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。走在
鄉(xiāng)間的小路上，我被池塘里的荷花、隨風(fēng)搖曳的桑樹和飛舞的蜻蜓所
吸引。“這景色多美啊！”哈里低聲自言自語，臉上不自覺地掛著微
笑。突然，我們看見遠(yuǎn)處有一座鄉(xiāng)村小屋。小屋越來越近，我們越來
越高興，因為我們在那里看到了一個美麗的植物園。欣賞著田野的美
景，我們感到一種滿足感。









　To ease the working pressure，I drove to the rural area with my
friend Harry last week.While walking on the lanes，I was attracted by the
lotuses in the pond，the mulberry trees swinging in the wind and the
flying dragonflies.“How amazing the scenery is！”Harry whispered to
himself，unconsciously a smile spreading over his face.All of a sudden，
we caught sight of a cottage in the distance.The nearer the cottage was，
the more delighted we were，because we saw a beautiful botanical garden
there.Enjoying the beautiful scene of the field，we felt a sense of
fulfilment.　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
4
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
　　（2024·海南瓊海高二下月考）Scientists have shown that bees have
some surprising maths skills.Now， new study shows that bees can even
be trained to tell the difference between odd and even numbers.Before
this， humans were the only animals known to have this ability.
　　In 2018， researchers in Australia discovered that bees could
understand the idea of “zero”.The researchers were perplexed， since
only a few animals， like dolphins， monkeys， and some birds， had
shown that they understood zero.Later， the same scientists showed that
bees could be trained to add and subtract （減）.
　　In the study， researchers divided honeybees into two control
groups.They showed bees cards containing printed shapes that numbered
from one to ten.One group was trained to fly to even-numbered cards，
which earned them a sugar water treat if they successfully completed the
task.If they flew to an odd-numbered card， they received a sour
liquid.The second group had a similar approach， but the numbers were
reversed （相反的）.An odd card would earn them a sweet treat and an
even card would give them a sour liquid.Researchers continued this lesson
until the bees succeeded at least 80% of the time.
　　Then， they added a new challenge.They had the bees choose
between cards with 11 and 12 shapes on them.The bees had never seen
these numbers in their training.Even so， they succeeded 70% of the
time.
　　The reason for this study is that the scientists believe that studying bee
brains might help us learn how to build better and faster computers.After
all， a bee’s brain is about 86，000 times smaller than a human
brain.How does it handle such complicated ideas？ Unless the brain
structures for processing numbers aren’t so complicated.Then， the
scientists built an extremely simple computer system with just five
connections called neurons （神經(jīng)元）， and they were able to train it to
tell the difference between even and odd numbers up to 40.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明蜜蜂有一些驚人的
數(shù)學(xué)技能。現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，蜜蜂甚至可以通過訓(xùn)練來區(qū)
分奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為研究蜜蜂的大腦可能有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)
如何構(gòu)建更好、更快的計算機。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明蜜蜂有一些驚人的
數(shù)學(xué)技能。現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，蜜蜂甚至可以通過訓(xùn)練來區(qū)
分奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為研究蜜蜂的大腦可能有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)
如何構(gòu)建更好、更快的計算機。
1. What does the underlined word “perplexed” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Tolerant. B. Creative.
C. Puzzled. D. Discouraged.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。上文說“澳大利亞的研究者在2018年發(fā)現(xiàn)
蜜蜂能理解‘零’的概念”，下文說“因為只有一些哺乳動物，像
海豚、猴子和一些鳥類，已經(jīng)表明它們理解‘零’”。由此可知，
此處為研究人員對于這一現(xiàn)象感到困惑。故可猜測，畫線單詞
perplexed為“困惑的”意思，與puzzled意思一致。
2. How did the bees get their reward in the study？（　　）
A. By mixing the two drinks.
B. By drawing the right shapes.
C. By removing correct numbers.
D. By landing on specified cards.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的One group was trained to
fly to even-numbered cards， which earned them a sugar water treat if
they successfully completed the task.可知，在這項研究中，蜜蜂通
過降落在指定的卡片上得到獎勵。
3. What is the final goal of this study？（　　）
A. Finding potential technology innovations.
B. Teaching bees different means of learning.
C. Speeding the learning behavior of humans.
D. Training bees to serve mankind more easily.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的The reason for this study
is that the scientists believe that studying bee brains might help us learn
how to build better and faster computers.可推知，這項研究的最終目
的是尋找潛在的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。
4. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Bees Calculate Numbers like Humans
B. Scientists Train Bees to Count Numbers
C. Odds and Evens Are Significant to Bees
D. Bees Can Learn Odd and Even Numbers
解析： 　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明蜜蜂有一
些驚人的數(shù)學(xué)技能。現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究表明，蜜蜂甚至可以通過
訓(xùn)練來區(qū)分奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為研究蜜蜂的大腦可能有助于
我們學(xué)習(xí)如何構(gòu)建更好、更快的計算機。因此D項（蜜蜂可以學(xué)習(xí)
奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)）為文章最佳標(biāo)題。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·廣東湛江高二上期末）In November 2020， a polar bear
named Suka gave birth to several little ones， including Laerke.Laerke
and her brothers and sisters were the first polar bears successfully born
and 　5　 in the Detroit Zoo since 2004.
　　Days after her 　6　， Laerke became significantly inactive and
appeared increasingly 　7　.She was sent off to the zoo’s health
complex for 　8　， but by the time she returned home， her mom no
longer 　9　Laerke as her cub （小熊）.
　　Without having any other polar bear who would 　10　 her， she
would have to go without a 　11　， or so they thought. 　12　， that’s
right when Jebbie needed a new home！ Jebbie， the baby grizzly bear
was 　13　 all by himself helplessly in Tok， Alaska， when he
was 　14　 and taken to the Detroit Zoo， where he and Laerke had been
gradually getting to know each other.
　　After some time， Jebbie and Laerke became best 　15　！ The
zookeepers have since posted pictures and videos of them playing，
showing just how 　16　 they are.Together， they’re able to wrestle in
the grassy tundra （苔原）， splash around in the freshwater or saltwater
pools， and play with toys 　17　.
　　“We’re excited that we are able to give Jebbie a home and 　18　
a much-needed friend for Laerke，” said Scott， chief life sciences
officer of the Detroit Zoo.“This social development is critically 　19　
for both Laerke and Jebbie.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。底特律動物園成功誕生的北極熊
Laerke因為生病被帶去檢查后，它的媽媽不再認(rèn)它，但幸運的是它和
在阿拉斯加被救助的灰熊Jebbie成為好朋友，它們在園中一起玩耍、
成長，這對于兩只小熊的社交發(fā)展非常重要。
5. A. found B. hurt C. raised D. caught
解析： 　根據(jù)上文the first polar bears successfully born and可知，
Laerke和它的兄弟姐妹是自2004年以來底特律動物園成功出生和撫
養(yǎng)的第一批北極熊。find找到；hurt受傷；raise撫養(yǎng)；catch捕捉。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。底特律動物園成功誕生的北極熊
Laerke因為生病被帶去檢查后，它的媽媽不再認(rèn)它，但幸運的是它和
在阿拉斯加被救助的灰熊Jebbie成為好朋友，它們在園中一起玩耍、
成長，這對于兩只小熊的社交發(fā)展非常重要。
6. A. birth B. survival
C. escape D. return
解析： 　根據(jù)第一段中的In November 2020， a polar bear named
Suka gave birth to several little ones， including Laerke.可知，在
Laerke出生后，變得明顯不活躍。birth出生；survival存活；escape
逃生；return返回。
7. A. anxious B. weak C. big D. excited
解析： 　根據(jù)上文significantly inactive可知，Laerke變得明顯不活
躍，并且看起來越來越虛弱。anxious焦慮的；weak虛弱的；big大
的；excited興奮的。
8. A. entertainment B. development
C. experiment D. treatment
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的the zoo’s health complex可知，它被送到動
物園的健康中心接受治療。entertainment娛樂；development發(fā)展；
experiment實驗；treatment治療。
9. A. understood B. recognized
C. forgave D. scared
解析： 　根據(jù)but和下文as her cub可知，但當(dāng)Laerke回到家時，它
的媽媽已認(rèn)不出Laerke是自己的幼崽。understand理解；recognize
認(rèn)出；forgive原諒；scare害怕。
10. A. accept B. teach
C. depend on D. believe in
解析： 　根據(jù)上文her mom no longer 　9　 Laerke as her cub可
知，自己的媽媽認(rèn)不出自己，同時別的北極熊也不愿意接受它。
accept接受；teach教；depend on依賴于；believe in相信。
11. A. companion B. meal
C. room D. toy
解析： 　沒有其他的北極熊愿意接受它，它就不得不孤零零地
沒有同伴了。companion同伴；meal餐食；room房間；toy玩具。
12. A. Generally B. Sadly
C. Honestly D. Luckily
解析： 　根據(jù)下文that’s right when Jebbie needed a new home可
知，就在此時另外一只小熊Jebbie需要一個新家，因此Jebbie可以
成為Laerke的伴侶，這對Laerke來說是幸運的。generally通常地；
sadly悲傷地；honestly誠實地；luckily幸運地。
13. A. crying B. wandering
C. hunting D. playing
解析： 　根據(jù)空后的all by himself helplessly in Tok， Alaska和下
文taken to the Detroit Zoo可知，Jebbie是一只小灰熊，它在阿拉斯
加州托克無助地徘徊時被人們救助，并被帶到底特律動物園。cry
哭泣；wander徘徊；hunt狩獵；play玩耍。
14. A. beaten B. examined
C. rescued D. shot
解析： 　參見上題解析。beat打敗；examine檢查；rescue救援；
shoot射擊。
15. A. examples B. friends
C. models D. witnesses
解析： 　根據(jù)上文where he and Laerke had been gradually getting
to know each other可知，經(jīng)過一段時間，Jebbie和Laerke成為最好
的朋友。example例子；friend朋友；model模特；witness證人。
16. A. lonely B. careful
C. lovely D. fearful
解析： 　根據(jù)上文The zookeepers have since posted pictures and
videos of them playing可知，動物園管理員上傳了它們玩耍的照片
和視頻，向人們展示它們有多可愛。lonely孤獨的；careful小心
的；lovely可愛的；fearful害怕的。
17. A. crazily B. regretfully
C. happily D. hopefully
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的play with toys可知，它們可以一起開心地玩
玩具。crazily瘋狂地；regretfully遺憾地；happily快樂地；
hopefully希望地。
18. A. provide B. recover
C. visit D. protect
解析： 　根據(jù)上段最后一句可知，此處表示為Laerke提供一
位非常需要的朋友。provide提供；recover恢復(fù)；visit訪問；
protect保護。
19. A. impossible B. dangerous
C. strange D. important
解析： 　底特律動物園能夠給Jebbie一個家，并為Laerke提供一
位非常需要的朋友，因此這種社交發(fā)展對它們都很重要。
impossible不可能的；dangerous危險的；strange奇怪的；important
重要的。
Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)
成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·四川眉山高二上期末）
How a Powerful Dream Taught Me to Respect My Sister
　　It was Friday about 4：15 pm.I had just gotten back from school； I
sat down on a table to do my homework.“Hi， Mom.” “Daniela， I
need to talk with you.” “About what？” “Your dad and I have been
thinking really hard about this， and you are getting a new sister.”
“What， but what about me？” I asked.“I don’t want a
sister.Don’t you love me？” “Yes， but ...”
　　Without letting her finish， I rushed to my room crying.I closed my
door and went to my bed.I had so much anger that I threw my glass cup on
the floor.“What happened here？” Mom asked to herself.My mom
came in a few minutes later.She said that the way I was acting wasn’t the
right way to act.My mom started talking about how my new sister was
having a really hard time.She said that her parents had unfortunately died
in an earthquake， so she had to go to a foster （寄養(yǎng)的） home.A few
days later， she got adopted by a family who treated her badly.
They didn’t give her enough food or water and she had to do all the
housework until one day she got tired of being treated poorly and escaped
to a shelter， and that is where they found her.But whatever she said， I
just couldn’t agree.
　　That night I had a terrible dream.I dreamed an earthquake happened
and when the shaking stopped， my house and parents were nowhere to
see.I became homeless and was brought to a farm， staying there with a
horrible woman who never gave me food.Later I found an opportunity to
run away from the farm.Then the woman ran after me and I ran harder till
suddenly I opened my eyes， finding myself still on the bed.“OMG！
What just happened？” I asked myself， full of fear.
注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
　　The dream changed me and I started to reflect on myself. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
　　The next morning Dad drove alone to the shelter and brought my
new sister home. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
參考范文：
　　The dream changed me and I started to reflect on myself.There is no
doubt that we are supposed to help those who are in trouble.There is an old
saying that disaster is merciless， there is love in the world.My new sister
survived the earthquake， during which she lost her loved parents.What
was worse， she was treated badly in the fostered family， resulting in the
terrible and desperate situation.Faced with her sufferings， I shouldn’t
be so selfish to reject her coming.Deeply realized what I did was
completely wrong， I apologized to my parents.
The next morning Dad drove alone to the shelter and brought my new
sister home.She received a warm and enthusiastic welcome from our
family.My mom prepared a big and delicious dinner.After enjoying the
dinner， I shared my toys with my new sister， playing with her with
enthusiasm.The poor girl moved to tears， saying no words.Instead she
hugged each of us tightly.My parents felt extremely proud of what I had
done.
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