資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in 　　　　　　（農村的） areas.
2.Everyone should be entitled to a 　　　　　　（相當好的） standard of living.
3.Nick 　　　　　　（獲得） admission to become a member of the club last year.
4.In some countries， the more respect you want to show， the deeper you should 　　　　　　（鞠躬）.
5.A small town in New Zealand has announced an unusual plan to ban 　　　　　　（家養的） cats.
6.She was 　　　　　　（不情愿的） to admit she was wrong.
7.As we all know， blue represents freedom， p　　　　　　 and peace.
8.The president stated that all foreign forces would w　　　　　　 as soon as the crisis ended.
9.I can’t e　　　　　　 his ability without seeing his work.
10.We have to r　　　　　　 ourselves to the reality since we can do nothing.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.Calmly and 　　　　　　（deliberate）， she cut up his suits one by one.
2.White also appeals due to its association with innocence and 　　　　　　（pure）.
3.　　　　　　 （superficial）， they are on good terms with each other， but actually they hold widely divergent opinions on some issues.
4.For many such families， getting a child into university was the 　　　　　　（fulfill） of a lifelong dream.
5.Emmeline was an 　　　　　　（influence） woman activist， who helped British women get the right to vote.
6.So absorbed were we in being with them that we didn’t realize it was time for 　　　　　　（depart）.
7.The government’s 　　　　　　（reject） of the plans is a setback for us.
8.We need to carry out a proper 　　　　　　（evaluate） of the new system.
9.Plant breeders declared it to be one of the 　　　　（botany） finds of the century.
10.This standard is easily 　　　　　　（attain） by most students.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We 　　　　　　　　（反對） killing animals and hope that nobody will buy animal fur products.
2.　　　　　　　　 （作為……的回報） your help， I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.
3.He is not easy to get along with， and I never 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（和他在一起感到自在）.
4.This is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（同我上周丟失的那支鋼筆一樣）.
5.For fear of being laughed at， Tom has decided to 　　　　　　　　（退出） the competition.
6.She was not a woman who 　　　　　　　　　（聽任） fate， so she gained respect from others.
7.You can’t control what happens but you can control your 　　　　　　　　　　（對……的反應） it.
8.Boys often overestimate their abilities 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（而女孩缺乏自信）.
維度四：課文語法填空
Although separated in time by nearly 1，500 years， both Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau 1.　　　　　　 （share） an intense respect for nature.Feeling conflicted over life at court， in 405， Tao quit the service of the court for good， 2.　　　　　　 （express） his unhappiness in his poems， finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.3.　　　　　 （similar）， Thoreau wanted to live in a simpler way， focusing on 4.　　　　　　（him） and his writing.While they did not treat nature in quite the same way， their 5.　　　　　　（work） show its beauty and value.Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages while Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and 6.　　　　　　 （pure） of the wild areas around him.The calm and peaceful life Tao wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.On 7.　　　　　　 other hand， Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper，8.　　　　　　 we do.We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts.During their times， it took great courage 9.　　　　　　 （reject） the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature.Nowadays， their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature are still valued by those 10.　　　　　　 want personal well-being and fulfilment.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·湖北荊州八縣高二上期末）Each year， my kindergarten students in Armour， South Dakota， learn to identify hundreds of birds by sight and more than 50 species by their song or call.It started out simply enough.Bird-watching is my hobby， so about six years ago， I started sharing my love for birds with my students.I’ve always felt like it’s important to get kids outside and away from so many screens， and I consider this doing my part.And guess what？ They absolutely love it！
　　Kindergartners are pretty amazing at identifying birds， especially by their songs.I find that younger children are naturally tuned into nature and have great curiosity about it.This became quite obvious once I began teaching about birds.You wouldn’t believe how easily these 5-year-olds learn to identify different species.
　　With every year that I’ve done this， the kids immediately get hooked.Then we have this common passion to share and build on it throughout the year.I’ve found that my students’ love of birds is a great way to get them more interested in writing， reading and story problems in maths.
　　So how do I do it？ With identification （識別）， I use a flash-card approach.We also use a Bird Bingo game that the kids love.Then I introduce one or two bird songs a day.Learning about bird songs is a lot like learning a foreign language.It teaches students to think in a different way by learning to recognize different sounds.The best part is that it makes them more aware of nature and which birds are in their area.
　　If you want to try teaching bird songs to your students， I’d suggest starting with the common backyard birds.Check out the All About Birds website， where you can look up the species， find photos and even play the bird songs right there！
1.What inspired the author to start teaching kindergartners about birds？（　　）
A.His love for bird-watching.
B.The science teaching standards.
C.The students’ curiosity about nature.
D.The students’ talent in identifying birds.
2.How did the author feel about his students’ speed of learning to identify birds？（　　）
A.Annoyed. B.Amazed.
C.Disappointed. D.Discouraged.
3.What does the underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 3 mean？（　　）
A.Interested. B.Challenged.
C.Encouraged. D.Praised.
4.How does the author teach kindergartners to learn to identify different bird species？（　　）
A.By listening to bird songs.
B.By studying bird photos on a website.
C.Through writing and reading exercises.
D.Through flash cards and a Bird Bingo game.
B
　　（2024·廣東廣州高二上期末）One old-school gardening belief is that it is inadvisable — even risky — to have plants in the bedroom.This centers around the claim that while plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day， at night this is reversed （相反）， so they compete with us for the very air we breathe while asleep.
　　Indoor air quality is indeed affected by CO2 build-up， which has proven health implications， providing a clear basis for concern.However， assessing whether sharing our bedroom with plants truly jeopardizes our health involves three key considerations.
　　Firstly， how much CO2 do plants release at night compared with what they absorb in the day？ This proves complex due to varying factors like species， light exposure， and room temperature and the research on the precise measurements is pretty thin on the ground.Thankfully， a 2015 study found that sizeable houseplants enclosed in glass boxes manage to absorb six to eight times as much CO2 in the day as they give off at night， creating a pretty significant net reduction over a 24-hour period.
　　Secondly， it’s essential to compare the nighttime impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors， such as your roommates.A single human breath contains roughly 40，000 ppm of CO2， over 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours.Consequently， it might be wiser to kick out your roommates before your plants.
　　Finally， and this may seem apparent， our living spaces differ from the controlled environments in research studies.Indoor air is constantly being exchanged naturally through openings like doors and windows， and human movement.A recent review suggests that reproducing the air-refreshing impact of an open window would require between 100 and 1，000 plants per square meter of floor space， considering plants’ pollution-removing abilities.
　　So enjoy houseplants whenever you like， because， frankly， if sleeping near plants were bad for your health， camping in a forest would be positively deadly.
5.What does the underlined word “jeopardizes” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Threatens. B.Changes.
C.Improves. D.Suspends.
6.What does the author think of having plants in the bedroom？（　　）
A.It is a health risk that requires immediate action.
B.It is a dangerous practice that should be avoided.
C.It is not as concerning as believed and can be enjoyed.
D.It is beneficial only if proper air exchanging is ensured.
7.How does the author illustrate the nighttime impact of bedroom plants？（　　）
A.By citing examples.
B.By giving definitions.
C.By quoting researches.
D.By making comparisons.
8.Why does the author mention camping in a forest at the end of the passage？（　　）
A.To highlight the risks of sleeping outdoors.
B.To suggest that sleeping near plants is dangerous.
C.To promote forest camping as a healthy alternative.
D.To emphasize the safety of having plants in the bedroom.
C
　　（2024·廣西南寧高二上期末）Despite heavy illegal hunting of rhinos， South Africa’s Kruger National Park is still a natural paradise.One of the largest remaining lion populations in Africa lives there.Yet there is something the local animals fear even more than the big cats.
　　Liana Zanette of Western University in Ontario and her colleagues were able to show that animals react most strongly to human voices and flee in response.For their experiment， the team placed camera traps and loudspeakers at water holes in the national park， which allowed the researchers to influence and record the behavior of a total of 19 mammal species.They played the animals sounds of normal conversations of humans in four South African languages， dogs barking， gunshots and lion sounds.
　　The study group found that animals were twice as likely to flee and vacated an area faster when they heard human voices than when they heard lions or gunshots.This was true for 95 per cent of the animal species observed， including giraffes， leopards， hyenas， zebras， kudu， warthogs， impalas and rhinos.Only elephants were significantly more likely to run from lions than from humans.
　　The same was true of the time that animals spent at water holes： they usually stayed longer when lion sounds were played to them than when human voices were heard.Wild dogs， leopards and buffalo were the only animals who stayed at water holes longer when they heard humans， and the difference was not statistically significant for these species.“There is a notion that animals get used to humans when they are not being hunted.But we’ve shown that’s not the case，” Clinchy says.“Fear of humans is deeply rooted and common， so we need to seriously address it for conservation reasons.”
　　The team is now investigating whether its customized sound systems can be used to help endangered species， such as the southern white rhino， away from known poaching （偷獵） areas in South Africa.Initial tests of keeping rhinos away from such areas through the use of human voices have been successful.
9.What can we know about South Africa’s Kruger National Park？（　　）
A.Rhinos are effectively protected in the park.
B.Lions are the biggest threat for local animals.
C.Human voices cause fear in the local wildlife.
D.It is a natural paradise without illegal hunting.
10.What does the underlined word “vacated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Occupied. B.Left.
C.Encountered. D.Filled.
11.What did researchers find about animals’ reaction to different sounds？（　　）
A.Elephants are more afraid of humans than lions.
B.Giraffes react most strongly to lions or gunshots.
C.Rhinos were more likely to run from lions than gunshots.
D.Wild dogs stayed at water holes longer when hearing humans.
12.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Human Voices： a Surprising Deep-rooted Fear in Wildlife
B.Lions： the Primary Source of Threat for the Local Animals
C.Lion Sounds： the Potential Use for Wildlife Protection
D.Humans： the Impact on Decreasing Rhino Population
Ⅱ.應用文寫作
　　（2024·重慶高二上期末）假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Johnson給你發來郵件，詢問你最欽佩的科學家是誰。請你用英語給他回復一封郵件，內容包括：
1.對欽佩對象的簡介；
2.欽佩他/她的原因；
3.他/她對你的影響。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Johnson，
Best regards，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.rural　2.decent　3.attained　4.bow　5.domestic
6.reluctant　7.purity　8.withdraw　9.evaluate　10.resign
維度二
1.deliberately　2.purity　3.Superficially　4.fulfilment
5.influential　6.departure　7.rejection　8.evaluation
9.botanical　10.attainable
維度三
1.are opposed to
2.In return for
3.feel at ease with him
4.the same pen as I lost last week
5.withdraw from
6.resigned herself to
7.reaction to
8.while girls lack confidence
維度四
1.shared　2.expressing　3.Similarly　4.himself 　5.works
6.purity　7.the　8.as　9.to reject　10.who
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。來自南達科他州阿默爾的一位幼兒園老師通過教授學生識別和了解鳥類來激發學生對大自然的興趣。通過教授鳥類知識，學生在寫作、閱讀和數學問題方面也獲得了提高。
1.A　細節理解題。根據第一段中的Bird-watching is my hobby， so about six years ago， I started sharing my love for birds with my students.可知，作者對鳥類觀察的興趣激發了他開始教授幼兒園學生關于鳥類的知識。
2.B　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知，幼兒園的孩子們在識別鳥類方面的能力相當驚人，即作者對學生們快速學習識別鳥類的能力感到驚訝。
3.A　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后的Then we have this common passion to share and build on it throughout the year.可知，孩子們和作者一樣，對鳥有著共同的激情，即對鳥是感興趣的。由此推斷，畫線詞與interested同義。
4.D　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的With identification（識別）， I use a flash-card approach.We also use a Bird Bingo game that the kids love.可知，作者通過使用閃卡和Bird Bingo游戲的方式來教學生識別不同的鳥類。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者從三個方面說明了在臥室養植物是安全的。
5.A　詞義猜測題。根據第一段內容可知，一種觀點認為在臥室種植物很危險，它在晚上與我們競爭我們睡覺時呼吸的空氣，畫線詞所在句意為“然而，要評估與植物共用臥室是否真的會危害我們的健康，需要考慮三個關鍵因素”。jeopardizes意為“危害”。
6.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的So enjoy houseplants whenever you like可知，作者認為在臥室養植物不像人們想象的那樣令人擔憂，可以享受。
7.D　推理判斷題。根據第四段前兩句可知，作者是通過作比較來說明夜間植物對空氣質量的影響。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，作者提到在森林露營是為了強調在臥室養植物的安全性。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發現，人類的聲音對野生動物來說是根深蒂固的恐懼。
9.C　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的Liana Zanette of Western University in Ontario and her colleagues were able to show that animals react most strongly to human voices and flee in response.可知，研究表明，人類的聲音引起當地野生動物的恐懼。
10.B　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前的The study group found that animals were twice as likely to flee and可知，畫線詞與flee意義相近，從而推知，畫線詞意為“離開，逃離”。
11.D　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Wild dogs， leopards and buffalo were ... not statistically significant for these species.可知，關于動物對不同聲音的反應，研究人員發現野狗在聽到人類聲音時在水坑里待的時間更長。
12.A　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一項研究發現：人類的聲音對野生動物來說是根深蒂固的恐懼。A項（人類的聲音：在野生動物中是令人驚訝的根深蒂固的恐懼）為文章最佳標題。
Ⅱ.
Dear Johnson，
　　I hope this email finds you well.You asked about the person I admire the most， and I would like to share with you my admiration for Yuan Longping.
　　Yuan Longping， often referred to as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”， is a famous Chinese agricultural scientist.His groundbreaking work in developing high-yield hybrid rice has revolutionized global agriculture， helping to feed countless people around the world.
　　Yuan Longping’s work has influenced me by highlighting the importance of perseverance and making a meaningful difference in the world.His dedication to solving global issues has motivated me to explore how I can contribute to positive change in my own field of interest.
Best regards，
Li Hua
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Back to Nature
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets， but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America.[1]Superficially①， these two men， whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1，500 years， were polar② opposites.And yet they shared an intense③ respect for nature， which made them each an influential figure④ of their time⑤.
　　[1]whose引導定語從句，修飾先行詞these two men； Superficially為副詞作狀語。
Both men made dramatic transformations⑥ to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.As an official⑦ in the Eastern Jin Dynasty， Tao felt conflicted⑧ over life at court⑨.[2]In 405， he quit⑩ the service of the court for good， expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.He spent the next 22 years until his death， working the land in a poor， rural area.[3]From his poetry， we can learn that although his life was arduous， he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
　　[2]expressing ...為動詞-ing形式作狀語；that引導同位語從句。
[3]that引導賓語從句，在此從句中包含although引導的讓步狀語從句。
[4]While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to ， Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.He had a decent quality of life， but he wanted to live in a simpler way.For two years， two months and two days， he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond， focusing on himself and his writing.He explained his reason for doing so in Walden：“I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately ， to front only the essential facts of life.” Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life， seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
　　[4]While意為“卻；但是；而”，用于強調兩種情況、活動等之間的區別，此處作者用對比的方法介紹了兩位詩人回歸田園生活的不同初衷。
　　Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way， their works show its beauty and value.Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages， in other words， rural，and his animals are domestic ones， such as chickens and dogs.The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life：
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village，
The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane，
And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.[5]Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena ， he recorded his detailed findings in his journals .[6]Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper ， as we do. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts， as he describes in his journals：
　　Live in each season as it passes； breathe the air， drink the drink， taste the fruit， and resign yourself to the influences of each.Let them be your only diet， drink and botanical medicines.
　　[5]Devoting himself to ...為動詞-ing短語作伴隨狀語。
[6]that引導賓語從句，作convince的賓語；as引導方式狀語從句。
【讀文清障】
①superficially adv.表面（上）地
superficial adj.表面的
②polar adj.完全相反的，截然對立的
③intense adj.很大的，強烈的
④figure n.人物
⑤time n.時期，時代
⑥transformation n.轉變，改觀
transform v.轉變
⑦official n.官員 adj.官方的；公務的
officially adv.官方地；正式地
⑧conflicted adj.矛盾的
⑨court n.王宮，宮廷
⑩quit v.離開，離任
bow v.鞠躬
in return for作為對……的回報
in turn反過來
rural adj.農村的，鄉村的
succeed in doing sth成功做成某事
reaction to對……的反應
be opposed to反對
decent adj.可接受的，相當好的
cottage n.鄉村小屋
deliberately adv.不慌不忙地，從容不迫地
deliberate adj.從容不迫的；故意的
withdraw v.退出
domestic adj.馴養的；家養的
depressive adj.抑郁的
depress v.使沮喪
depression n.沮喪，壓抑
emphasise v.強調
purity n.純潔；潔凈
pure adj.純潔的，純凈的
devote oneself to獻身于
devotion to獻身于
phenomenon n.現象
journal n.刊物，雜志；日記
convince v.說服；使相信
convince sb of sth 說服某人某事
prosper v.繁榮，興旺
prosperous adj.繁榮的，興旺的
　　[7]It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature， as both Tao and Thoreau did.Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires.In today’s modern world， their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
　　[7]本句中的the easy and familiar為“the＋形容詞”結構，構成名詞，表示一類人或事物；It是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式短語to reject ...；as引導方式狀語從句。
considerable adj.相當多的，相當大的
reject v.拒絕接受
reflective adj.沉思的，深思的
ease n.舒適，悠閑
at ease with不拘束，放松
well-being n.健康，安樂
【參考譯文】
回歸大自然
陶淵明和亨利·大衛·梭羅都是詩人，但是一位生活在古代中國，另一位生活在19世紀的美國。表面上看，這兩個人生活在不同的時代，相隔近一千五百年，迥然不同。然而，他們都非常尊重自然，這使得他們在各自的時代都成為有影響力的人物。
為了重歸自然，兩人的生活都發生了戲劇性的轉變。陶淵明是東晉的官員，但是對官場生活感到困惑。公元405年，陶淵明永久地辭去了官職，以表達他對仕途的不滿，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不為五斗米折腰”。在之后的22年里，直到生命的盡頭，他躬耕于田野，生活在清貧的農村。我們可以從他的詩歌中看出，盡管生活艱苦，但他從這種簡單的生活中成功獲得了滿足感，并從大自然中獲得了樂趣。
陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的生活方式做出的一種反應，而梭羅則是出于個人的決定而改變自己的生活方式。雖然梭羅過著體面的生活，但他希望活得更簡單些。兩年兩個月零兩天，他住在瓦爾登湖邊森林里的一間小屋里，專注于自身和寫作。他在《瓦爾登湖》中解釋了這樣做的原因：“我步入叢林，是因為我希望自由地生活，只面對生活中的基本事實。”兩個人都樂于從當下的生活中抽身而退，在平靜的生活中尋求與自然和諧的關系。
盡管陶淵明和梭羅對待自然的方式不同，但他們的作品都展現了自然的美麗和價值。陶淵明的自然是田野和村莊，換句話說，是田園。他的動物們都是家養的，比如雞和狗。他描寫的平靜祥和的生活，與壓抑的官場生活形成鮮明對比，是對壓抑的官場生活的批判：
曖曖遠人村，依依墟里煙。狗吠深巷中，雞鳴桑樹顛。
梭羅在描述自然時，重點描繪了他周圍原野的美麗與純粹。他全身心投入到觀察自然現象中，并在日記中詳細地記錄了自己的發現。梭羅的寫作意在使人們信服，動物和植物就像我們人類一樣都有生存和繁榮的權利。我們應該與它們和諧共處，享受大自然的恩賜，正如他在日記中描述的那樣：
好好度過每一個季節，呼吸新鮮的空氣，暢飲美酒，品嘗水果，盡情享受這一切。讓生活中只有飲食和草藥。
像陶淵明和梭羅那樣，拒絕簡單熟悉的事物，轉而嘗試親近大自然，這需要相當大的勇氣。他們的選擇使他們過上了平靜而沉思的生活，物質欲望減少了。在今天這個現代世界，他們關于簡單生活和與自然和諧相處的想法，可能會讓我們離獲得個人幸福和滿足感更近一步。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court？（　　）
A.Because he was an influential figure of their day.
B.Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C.Because he wanted to work the land.
D.Because he liked living in a rural area.
2.How did Thoreau feel about his life in the forest？（　　）
A.Pleased.　　　　　　B.Puzzled.
C.Disappointed. D.Bored.
3.What did Thoreau describe in his writings？（　　）
A.Fields and villages.
B.Chickens and dogs.
C.Animals and plants.
D.Mountains and rivers.
4.According to passage， what does the author want people to do？（　　）
A.To live a life in the countryside.
B.To attain personal well-being and fulfilment.
C.To live with as much material as we can.
D.To live a free life.
5.What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and fulfilment？（　　）
A.Live closer to nature.
B.Increase material desires.
C.Walk a lot in the forest.
D.Share a respect for nature.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.How do you understand the poem by Tao in the text？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What lesson do you learn from Tao Yuanming and Thoreau？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析難句表達升級
1.Superficially，these two men， whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1，500 years， were polar opposites.
句式分析 本句主干為these two men were polar opposites。Superficially為副詞作　　　　；whose引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞these two men。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.In 405， he quit the service of the court for good，expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.
句式分析 expressing ...為動詞-ing形式作　　　　；that引導　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.From his poetry，we can learn that although his life was arduous，he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導　　　　從句，其中含有although引導的　　　　　　從句。and連接并列的狀語in its simplicity和in drawing pleasure from nature。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper， as we do.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導　　　　從句；to live and prosper為動詞不定式作　　　　；as引導　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
in return for 作為對……的回報
【教材原句】　...he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.
……他“不為五斗米折腰”。
【用法】
（1）in return 　　　　　作為報答/回報/交換
（2）in turn 反過來
by turns 交替；輪流
in one’s turn 輪到某人
take turns to do sth 輪流做某事
【佳句】　I will work hard in return for the trust they have placed in me.
我會努力工作以回報他們給予我的信任。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Theory is based on practice and 　　　　　turn serves practice.
②I wish I could do something for you 　　　　　　return.
【寫美】　補全句子
③He wanted to do something 　　　　　　her kindness.
他想做點什么事來酬謝她的好意。
reaction to 對……的反應
【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to， Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的生活方式做出的一種反應，而梭羅則是出于個人的決定而改變自己的生活方式。
【用法】
（1）reaction n.　　反應；回應
in reaction to 作為對……的反應
（2）react v. 反應；應答，起作用；起反應
react against 反對；反抗
react on/upon 對……起作用，有影響
react with 與……反應
react to 對……作出反應/起反應
【佳句】　Their reaction to the joke is to laugh.
他們對這個笑話的反應是笑。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They react 　　　　　　many metals to form a salt and give off hydrogen.
②He reacted strongly 　　　　　　the artistic conventions of his time.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③你認為他會對這個壞消息作何反應？
→How do you think 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？ （react）
→What do you think 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？ （reaction）
withdraw v.退出；撤離；撤回；收回；提取
【教材原句】　Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life ...
兩個人都樂于從當下的生活中抽身而退……
【用法】
（1）withdraw from 　　　 從……退出/撤回
withdraw sth from sth 從……中提取……
withdraw one’s eyes from
把視線從……移開（不再看……）
withdraw a remark 收回發言
（2）withdrawal n. 收回；撤回；撤退；取款
withdrawn adj. 沉默寡言的；內向的
【佳句】　Just at that time， the wolf might feel the threats from the people， starting to withdraw.
就在那時，狼可能感覺到來自人們的威脅，開始撤退。
【點津】　withdraw的過去式和過去分詞均為不規則形式，它們分別是withdrew， withdrawn。
【練透】　語境辨義/單句語法填空
①The product was withdrawn from the market on safety grounds. 　　　　　　　
②The people in the buildings withdrew in time in the big fire. 　　　　　　　
③The general has ordered a partial 　　　　（withdraw） of troops from the area.
④Following her failure at work， she became quiet and 　　　　　　（withdraw） and rarely went out.
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤After half an hour or so， he received a call and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　quietly.
大約過了半個小時，他接了一個電話，然后悄悄地退出了會議。
resign v.使自己順從于（做）某事；安于；辭職；辭去（工作、職位等）
【教材原句】　Live in each season as it passes； breathe the air， drink the drink， taste the fruit， and resign yourself to the influences of each.
好好度過每一個季節，呼吸新鮮的空氣，暢飲美酒，品嘗水果，盡情享受這一切。
【用法】
resign one’s post/position 　辭去職務
resign oneself to （doing） sth聽任/順從/只好接受（做）某事
resign ...to ... 　　把……托付給……
resign from ... 從……辭職
【佳句】　I finally resigned myself to going to Mexico with him even though I didn’t want to.
我最終還是接受和他一起去墨西哥，盡管我不想去。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①More and more parents resign their children 　　　　　　their grandparents at home while working in the city.
②After he resigned 　　　　　　the post， he was dedicated to helping the disabled.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Although I was very tired， I didn’t want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
雖然我很累，但我不想中途放棄。
at ease with 不拘束，放松
【教材原句】　In today’s modern world， their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
在今天這個現代世界，他們關于簡單生活和與自然和諧相處的想法，可能會讓我們離獲得個人幸福和滿足感更近一步。
【用法】
ease n.舒適，悠閑v.減輕（痛苦、憂慮）；緩和
take one’s ease 　使某人放松一下
at ease 舒適；自由自在
put sb at ease 使某人感到輕松自在
feel at ease 感到心情放松
with ease 容易地；毫不費勁地
ease sb of sth 減輕某人的（痛苦、負擔等）
【佳句】　I felt at ease with my new school life half a month later.
半個月后，我適應了新的學校生活。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①How could we feel 　　　　　　ease while you refuse to take anything from us？
②The ease 　　　　　　which she learns languages is astonishing.
③His mind was 　　　　　　ease when he knew that his wife and children were safe.
【寫美】　補全句子
④Soon， his warm， bright smile 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
很快，他溫暖、燦爛的笑容使我放松下來。
evaluate v.評估，評價
【教材原句】　A comparative essay compares， contrasts and evaluates two or more topics.
比較類文章比較、對比和評價兩個或兩個以上的主題。
【用法】
（1）evaluate sb on/by 　　根據……評價某人
evaluate ...as ... 把……評價為……
（2）evaluation n.　　　　評估，評價
make an evaluation of 對……進行評估
an evaluation of the health care system 對醫療制度的評價
【佳句】　It’s impossible to evaluate these results without knowing more about the research methods employed.
如果不能對使用的研究方法有更多了解，就不可能對其結果作出評價。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We evaluated his performance 　　　　　outstanding among his peers.
②Before you make a decision， you need to evaluate us 　　　　　　our technique.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③我們必須評估火災造成的后果。
→We must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　caused by the fire.（evaluate）
→We must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　caused by the fire.（evaluation）
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：while用作并列連詞，連接并列句
【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to， Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的生活方式做出的一種反應，而梭羅則是出于個人的決定而改變自己的生活方式。
【用法】
句中while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表示對比，常用來連接兩個并列分句。
（1）while引導讓步狀語從句時，意為“盡管，雖然”，從句往往位于主句之前。
（2）while引導時間狀語從句時，意為“當……時候”，從句謂語往往用進行時態。
【品悟】　Some people are trying hard to make their dreams come true， while some are wasting their time.
有些人在努力實現自己的夢想，而有些人卻在浪費時間。
【寫美】　微寫作
①姑娘們又唱又跳，而露西一個人靜靜地坐在角落里。（動作描寫）
The girls sang and danced 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②當我媽媽和我在購物的時候，我們遇到了我的老師，他提到學校沒有音樂老師來幫助我們班為冬季博覽會組織表演。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we ran into my teacher， who mentioned that the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class organize a performance for Winter Fair.
句型公式：as引導定語從句
【教材原句】　We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts， as he describes in his journals ...
我們應該與它們和諧共處，享受大自然的恩賜，正如他在日記中描述的那樣……
【用法】
句中as引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作賓語，意為“正如，像”。
（1）as 引導非限制性定語從句的用法：
①as指代整個主句的內容，并在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，可放在句首、句末或句
中；which引導定語從句指代整個主句的內容時，只能位于句末。
②先行詞作主語且定語從句為被動語態時，通常用as 不用which，從句謂語通常為be known， be said， be reported， be mentioned等；
③as常用于這些習慣用語中：as is mentioned above正如上面提到的；as we all know眾所周知；as is often the case情況常常如此；as is expected 正如預料的那樣。
（2）as還可以引導限制性定語從句，先行詞前通常有as， so， such， the same等修飾語。
【品悟】　Thanksgiving day has been an international festival， as we know.
正如我們所知道的那樣，感恩節已經成為一個國際性的節日。
【寫美】　微寫作
①像往常一樣，在比賽結束很久之后，觀眾還在繼續慶祝自己球隊的勝利。（動作描寫）
　　　　　　　　　　　， the spectators continued celebrating their team’s victory long after the match was over.
②眾所周知，詞匯是語言的一個重要部分，就像一座樓的磚塊。（投稿）
　　　　　　　　　， vocabulary is an important part of the language， just like bricks of a building.
③正如上面提到的，在中國大多數高中，對武術感興趣的學生人數正在增加。（告知信）
　　　　　　　　　　　　， the number of the students who are interested in wushu is increasing in most high schools in China.
④你最好讓孩子們讀那些能使他們更好、更聰明的書。（建議信）
You’d better let the children read such books 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.conflicted　2.reaction　3.peaceful　4.transformations　5.withdraw　6.beauty　7.convince
第二步
1－5　BACBA
第三步
1.The first sentence describes a beautiful scene of the dusk.The village is so far away that it looks fuzzy and the smoke rises gently and slowly.The scenery described in the sentence gives people a sense of peace and serenity， as if the world is not disturbed by any force.
The second sentence makes this beautiful rural painting come to life all of a sudden.Instead of writing about the songs of birds and insects， the poet wrote a very common song and bark of chickens and dogs， because the sound of chickens and dogs is the most characteristic of rural environment and the most harmonious and unified with the whole picture.It properly shows the life atmosphere of the countryside， and does not damage the peaceful mood at all.
2.Though we live in modern times， it isn’t possible for us to go back to nature to live a life as they do， what we should know is that it is urgent for humans to live with nature in harmony now， because we humans have already paid price for treating nature badly， such as global warming， floods， hurricanes， etc， which can be considered a sign that nature warns us.
第四步
1.狀語　定語
表面上看，這兩個人生活在不同的時代，相隔近一千五百年，迥然不同。
2.狀語　同位語
公元405年，陶淵明永久地辭去了官職，以表達他對仕途的不滿，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不為五斗米折腰”。
3.賓語　讓步狀語
我們可以從他的詩歌中看出，盡管生活艱苦，但他從這種簡單的生活中成功獲得了滿足感，并從大自然中獲得了樂趣。
4.賓語　定語　方式狀語
梭羅的寫作意在使人們信服，動物和植物就像我們人類一樣都有生存和繁榮的權利。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①in　②in　③in return for
2.①with　②against　③he will react to the bad news； his reaction to the bad news will be
3.①退出　②撤離　③withdrawal　④withdrawn　⑤withdrew from the meeting
4.①to　②from　③resign myself to giving up halfway
5.①at　②with　③at　④put me at ease
6.①as　②on/by　③evaluate the consequences； make an evaluation of the consequences
重點句型解構
1.①while Lucy sat in the corner silently alone　②While my mom and I were shopping
2.①As is often the case　②As we all know　③As is mentioned above　④as will make them better and cleverer
11 / 11(共116張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖語篇
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
Back to Nature
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets， but one
lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century
America.[1]Superficially①， these two men， whose lives were
separated in time by nearly 1，500 years， were polar② opposites.And
yet they shared an intense③ respect for nature， which made them each an
influential figure④ of their time⑤.
　　[1]whose引導定語從句，修飾先行詞these two men；
Superficially為副詞作狀語。
【讀文清障】
①superficially adv.表面（上）地
superficial adj.表面的
②polar adj.完全相反的，截然對立的
③intense adj.很大的，強烈的
④figure n.人物
⑤time n.時期，時代
Both men made dramatic transformations⑥ to their lives in order to
reconnect with nature.As an official⑦ in the Eastern Jin Dynasty， Tao
felt conflicted⑧ over life at court⑨.[2]In 405， he quit⑩ the service of the
court for good， expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he
would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.He
spent the next 22 years until his death， working the land in a poor， rural
area.[3]From his poetry， we can learn that although his life was
arduous， he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in
drawing pleasure from nature.
　　[2]expressing ...為動詞-ing形式作狀語；that引導同位語從句。
[3]that引導賓語從句，在此從句中包含although引導的讓步狀語
從句。
⑥transformation n.轉變，改觀
transform v.轉變
⑦official n.官員 adj.官方的；公務的
officially adv.官方地；正式地
⑧conflicted adj.矛盾的
⑨court n.王宮，宮廷
⑩quit v.離開，離任
bow v.鞠躬
in return for作為對……的回報
in turn反過來
rural adj.農村的，鄉村的
succeed in doing sth成功做成某事
[4]While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he
was opposed to ， Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the
way he lived.He had a decent quality of life， but he wanted to live in a
simpler way.For two years， two months and two days， he lived in a
cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond， focusing on himself
and his writing.He explained his reason for doing so in Walden：“I went
to the woods because I wished to live deliberately ， to front only the
essential facts of life.” Both men were happy to withdraw from
contemporary life， seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the
quietness of their lives.
　　[4]While意為“卻；但是；而”，用于強調兩種情況、活動等
之間的區別，此處作者用對比的方法介紹了兩位詩人回歸田園生活
的不同初衷。
reaction to對……的反應
be opposed to反對
decent adj.可接受的，相當好的
cottage n.鄉村小屋
deliberately adv.不慌不忙地，從容不迫地
deliberate adj.從容不迫的；故意的
withdraw v.退出
　　Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same
way， their works show its beauty and value.Tao’s nature is a place of
fields and villages， in other words， rural，and his animals are domestic
ones， such as chickens and dogs.The calm and peaceful life he wrote
about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life：
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village，
The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane，
And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity
of the wild areas around him.[5]Devoting himself to observations of
the natural phenomena ， he recorded his detailed findings in his journals
.[6]Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and
plants had a right to live and prosper ， as we do. We should live with
them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts， as he describes in his
journals：
　　Live in each season as it passes； breathe the air， drink the drink，
taste the fruit， and resign yourself to the influences of each.Let them be
your only diet， drink and botanical medicines.
　　[5]Devoting himself to ...為動詞-ing短語作伴隨狀語。
[6]that引導賓語從句，作convince的賓語；as引導方式狀語
從句。　
domestic adj.馴養的；家養的
depressive adj.抑郁的
depress v.使沮喪
depression n.沮喪，壓抑
emphasise v.強調
purity n.純潔；潔凈
pure adj.純潔的，純凈的
devote oneself to獻身于
devotion to獻身于
phenomenon n.現象
journal n.刊物，雜志；日記
convince v.說服；使相信
convince sb of sth 說服某人某事
prosper v.繁榮，興旺
prosperous adj.繁榮的，興旺的
[7]It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar
and instead try to live closer to nature， as both Tao and Thoreau
did.Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer
material desires.In today’s modern world， their ideas about living
simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to
attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
　　[7]本句中的the easy and familiar為“the＋形容詞”結構，構成
名詞，表示一類人或事物；It是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式
短語to reject ...；as引導方式狀語從句。
considerable adj.相當多的，相當大的
reject v.拒絕接受
reflective adj.沉思的，深思的
ease n.舒適，悠閑
at ease with不拘束，放松
well-being n.健康，安樂
【參考譯文】
回歸大自然
陶淵明和亨利·大衛·梭羅都是詩人，但是一位生活在古代中國，
另一位生活在19世紀的美國。表面上看，這兩個人生活在不同的時
代，相隔近一千五百年，迥然不同。然而，他們都非常尊重自然，這
使得他們在各自的時代都成為有影響力的人物。
為了重歸自然，兩人的生活都發生了戲劇性的轉變。陶淵明是東
晉的官員，但是對官場生活感到困惑。公元405年，陶淵明永久地辭
去了官職，以表達他對仕途的不滿，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不
為五斗米折腰”。在之后的22年里，直到生命的盡頭，他躬耕于田
野，生活在清貧的農村。我們可以從他的詩歌中看出，盡管生活艱
苦，但他從這種簡單的生活中成功獲得了滿足感，并從大自然中獲得
了樂趣。
陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的生活方式做出的一種反應，而
梭羅則是出于個人的決定而改變自己的生活方式。雖然梭羅過著體面
的生活，但他希望活得更簡單些。兩年兩個月零兩天，他住在瓦爾登
湖邊森林里的一間小屋里，專注于自身和寫作。他在《瓦爾登湖》中
解釋了這樣做的原因：“我步入叢林，是因為我希望自由地生活，只
面對生活中的基本事實。”兩個人都樂于從當下的生活中抽身而退，
在平靜的生活中尋求與自然和諧的關系。
盡管陶淵明和梭羅對待自然的方式不同，但他們的作品都展現了
自然的美麗和價值。陶淵明的自然是田野和村莊，換句話說，是田
園。他的動物們都是家養的，比如雞和狗。他描寫的平靜祥和的生
活，與壓抑的官場生活形成鮮明對比，是對壓抑的官場生活的批判：
曖曖遠人村，依依墟里煙。狗吠深巷中，雞鳴桑樹顛。
梭羅在描述自然時，重點描繪了他周圍原野的美麗與純粹。他全
身心投入到觀察自然現象中，并在日記中詳細地記錄了自己的發現。
梭羅的寫作意在使人們信服，動物和植物就像我們人類一樣都有生存
和繁榮的權利。我們應該與它們和諧共處，享受大自然的恩賜，正如
他在日記中描述的那樣：
好好度過每一個季節，呼吸新鮮的空氣，暢飲美酒，品嘗水果，
盡情享受這一切。讓生活中只有飲食和草藥。
像陶淵明和梭羅那樣，拒絕簡單熟悉的事物，轉而嘗試親近
大自然，這需要相當大的勇氣。他們的選擇使他們過上了平靜而
沉思的生活，物質欲望減少了。在今天這個現代世界，他們關于
簡單生活和與自然和諧相處的想法，可能會讓我們離獲得個人幸
福和滿足感更近一步。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly
and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court？（　　）
A. Because he was an influential figure of their day.
B. Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C. Because he wanted to work the land.
D. Because he liked living in a rural area.
2. How did Thoreau feel about his life in the forest？（　　）
A. Pleased. B. Puzzled.
C. Disappointed. D. Bored.
3. What did Thoreau describe in his writings？（　　）
A. Fields and villages.
B. Chickens and dogs.
C. Animals and plants.
D. Mountains and rivers.
4. According to passage， what does the author want people to do？
（　　）
A. To live a life in the countryside.
B. To attain personal well-being and fulfilment.
C. To live with as much material as we can.
D. To live a free life.
5. What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and
fulfilment？（　　）
A. Live closer to nature.
B. Increase material desires.
C. Walk a lot in the forest.
D. Share a respect for nature.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. How do you understand the poem by Tao in the text？




　The first sentence describes a beautiful scene of the dusk.The village
is so far away that it looks fuzzy and the smoke rises gently and
slowly.The scenery described in the sentence gives people a sense of
peace and serenity， as if the world is not disturbed by any force.　







　The second sentence makes this beautiful rural painting come to life
all of a sudden.Instead of writing about the songs of birds and insects，
the poet wrote a very common song and bark of chickens and dogs，
because the sound of chickens and dogs is the most characteristic of
rural environment and the most harmonious and unified with the whole
picture.It properly shows the life atmosphere of the countryside， and
does not damage the peaceful mood at all.　
2. What lesson do you learn from Tao Yuanming and Thoreau？






　Though we live in modern times， it isn’t possible for us to go back
to nature to live a life as they do， what we should know is that it is
urgent for humans to live with nature in harmony now， because we
humans have already paid price for treating nature badly， such as
global warming， floods， hurricanes， etc， which can be considered
a sign that nature warns us.　
第四步：析難句表達升級
1. Superficially，these two men， whose lives were separated in time by
nearly 1，500 years， were polar opposites.
句式分析 本句主干為these two men were polar opposites。
Superficially為副詞作 ；whose引導 從句，修飾先
行詞these two men。
自主翻譯

狀語　
定語　
表面上看，這兩個人生活在不同的時代，相隔近一千
五百年，迥然不同。　
2. In 405， he quit the service of the court for good，expressing his
unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a
servant in return for five dou of grain”.
句式分析 expressing ...為動詞-ing形式作 ；that引導
從句。
自主翻譯

狀語　
同
位語　
公元405年，陶淵明永久地辭去了官職，以表達他對仕
途的不滿，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不為五斗米折腰”。　
3. From his poetry，we can learn that although his life was arduous，he
succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing
pleasure from nature.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導 從句，其中含有
although引導的 從句。and連接并列的狀語in its
simplicity和in drawing pleasure from nature。
自主翻譯


賓語　
讓步狀語　
我們可以從他的詩歌中看出，盡管生活艱苦，但他
從這種簡單的生活中成功獲得了滿足感，并從大自然中獲得了
樂趣。　
4. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants
had a right to live and prosper， as we do.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導 從句；to live and
prosper為動詞不定式作 ；as引導 從句。
自主翻譯

賓語　
定語　
方式狀語　
梭羅的寫作意在使人們信服，動物和植物就像我們人
類一樣都有生存和繁榮的權利。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
in return for 作為對……的回報
【教材原句】　...he would not “bow like a servant in return for five
dou of grain”.……他“不為五斗米折腰”。
【用法】
（1）in return 　　作為報答/回報/交換
（2）in turn 　　反過來
by turns 　　交替；輪流
in one’s turn　　輪到某人
take turns to do sth　　輪流做某事
【佳句】　I will work hard in return for the trust they have placed in
me.
我會努力工作以回報他們給予我的信任。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Theory is based on practice and turn serves practice.
②I wish I could do something for you return.
in　
in　
【寫美】　補全句子
③He wanted to do something her kindness.
他想做點什么事來酬謝她的好意。
in return for　
reaction to 對……的反應
【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a
lifestyle he was opposed to， Thoreau’s was a personal decision
to transform the way he lived.陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的
生活方式做出的一種反應，而梭羅則是出于個人的決定而改變自
己的生活方式。
【用法】
（1）reaction n.　　反應；回應
in reaction to　　作為對……的反應
（2）react v.　　反應；應答，起作用；起反應
react against 　　反對；反抗
react on/upon 　　對……起作用，有影響
react with 　　與……反應
react to 　　對……作出反應/起反應
【佳句】　Their reaction to the joke is to laugh.
他們對這個笑話的反應是笑。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They react many metals to form a salt and give off hydrogen.
②He reacted strongly the artistic conventions of his time.
with　
against　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③你認為他會對這個壞消息作何反應？
→How do you think ？ （react）
→What do you think ？
（reaction）
he will react to the bad news　
his reaction to the bad news will be　
withdraw v.退出；撤離；撤回；收回；提取
【教材原句】　Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary
life ...
兩個人都樂于從當下的生活中抽身而退……
【用法】
（1）withdraw from 　　從……退出/撤回
withdraw sth from sth 　　從……中提取……
withdraw one’s eyes from 　把視線從……移開（不再看……）
withdraw a remark 　　收回發言
（2）withdrawal n.　　收回；撤回；撤退；取款
withdrawn adj.　　沉默寡言的；內向的
【佳句】　Just at that time， the wolf might feel the threats from the
people， starting to withdraw.
就在那時，狼可能感覺到來自人們的威脅，開始撤退。
【點津】　withdraw的過去式和過去分詞均為不規則形式，它們分別
是withdrew， withdrawn。
【練透】　語境辨義/單句語法填空
①The product was withdrawn from the market on safety
grounds.　
②The people in the buildings withdrew in time in the big
fire.　
③The general has ordered a partial （withdraw） of
troops from the area.
④Following her failure at work， she became quiet and
（withdraw） and rarely went out.
退出　
撤離　
withdrawal　
withdrawn　
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤After half an hour or so， he received a call and
quietly.
大約過了半個小時，他接了一個電話，然后悄悄地退出了會議。
withdrew from the
meeting　
resign v.使自己順從于（做）某事；安于；辭職；辭去（工作、職
位等）
【教材原句】　Live in each season as it passes； breathe the air， drink
the drink， taste the fruit， and resign yourself to the influences of each.
好好度過每一個季節，呼吸新鮮的空氣，暢飲美酒，品嘗水果，盡情
享受這一切。
【用法】
resign one’s post/position 　辭去職務
resign oneself to （doing） sth　聽任/順從/只好接受（做）某事
resign ...to ... 　　把……托付給……
resign from ... 　　從……辭職
【佳句】　I finally resigned myself to going to Mexico with him even
though I didn’t want to.
我最終還是接受和他一起去墨西哥，盡管我不想去。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①More and more parents resign their children their grandparents at
home while working in the city.
②After he resigned the post， he was dedicated to helping the
disabled.
to　
from　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Although I was very tired， I didn’t want to
.
雖然我很累，但我不想中途放棄。
resign myself to giving
up halfway　
at ease with 不拘束，放松
【教材原句】　In today’s modern world， their ideas about living
simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining
personal well-being and fulfilment.在今天這個現代世界，他們關于簡
單生活和與自然和諧相處的想法，可能會讓我們離獲得個人幸福和滿
足感更近一步。
【用法】
ease n.舒適，悠閑v.減輕（痛苦、憂慮）；緩和
take one’s ease 　　使某人放松一下
at ease 　　舒適；自由自在
put sb at ease　　使某人感到輕松自在
feel at ease 　　感到心情放松
with ease 　　容易地；毫不費勁地
ease sb of sth　　減輕某人的（痛苦、負擔等）
【佳句】　I felt at ease with my new school life half a month later.
半個月后，我適應了新的學校生活。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①How could we feel ease while you refuse to take anything from
us？
②The ease which she learns languages is astonishing.
③His mind was ease when he knew that his wife and children were
safe.
at　
with　
at　
【寫美】　補全句子
④Soon， his warm， bright smile .
很快，他溫暖、燦爛的笑容使我放松下來。
put me at ease　
evaluate v.評估，評價
【教材原句】　A comparative essay compares， contrasts and evaluates
two or more topics.
比較類文章比較、對比和評價兩個或兩個以上的主題。
【用法】
（1）evaluate sb on/by 　　根據……評價某人
evaluate ...as ... 　　把……評價為……
（2）evaluation n.　　評估，評價
make an evaluation of 　　對……進行評估
an evaluation of the health care system　　對醫療制度的評價
【佳句】　It’s impossible to evaluate these results without knowing
more about the research methods employed.如果不能對使用的研究方法
有更多了解，就不可能對其結果作出評價。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We evaluated his performance outstanding among his peers.
②Before you make a decision， you need to evaluate us our
technique.
as　
on/by　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③我們必須評估火災造成的后果。
→We must caused by the fire.
（evaluate）
→We must caused by the
fire.（evaluation）
evaluate the consequences　
make an evaluation of the consequences　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：while用作并列連詞，連接并列句
【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle
he was opposed to， Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the
way he lived.
陶淵明回歸大自然是對自己反對的生活方式做出的一種反應，而梭羅
則是出于個人的決定而改變自己的生活方式。
【用法】
句中while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表示對比，常用來連接
兩個并列分句。
（1）while引導讓步狀語從句時，意為“盡管，雖然”，從句往往位
于主句之前。
（2）while引導時間狀語從句時，意為“當……時候”，從句謂語往
往用進行時態。
【品悟】　Some people are trying hard to make their dreams come true，
while some are wasting their time.
有些人在努力實現自己的夢想，而有些人卻在浪費時間。
【寫美】　微寫作
①姑娘們又唱又跳，而露西一個人靜靜地坐在角落里。（動作描寫）
The girls sang and danced .
②當我媽媽和我在購物的時候，我們遇到了我的老師，他提到學校沒
有音樂老師來幫助我們班為冬季博覽會組織表演。
， we ran into my teacher， who
mentioned that the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class
organize a performance for Winter Fair.
while Lucy sat in the corner silently alone　
While my mom and I were shopping　
句型公式：as引導定語從句
【教材原句】　We should live with them in harmony and enjoy
nature’s gifts， as he describes in his journals ...
我們應該與它們和諧共處，享受大自然的恩賜，正如他在日記中描述
的那樣……
【用法】
句中as引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作賓語，意為“正如，像”。
（1）as 引導非限制性定語從句的用法：
①as指代整個主句的內容，并在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，可放在句首、句末或句中；which引導定語從句指代整個主句的內容時，只能位于句末。
②先行詞作主語且定語從句為被動語態時，通常用as 不用which，從句謂語通常為be known， be said， be reported， be mentioned等；③as常用于這些習慣用語中：as is mentioned above正如上面提到的；
as we all know眾所周知；as is often the case情況常常如此；as is expected 正如預料的那樣。
（2）as還可以引導限制性定語從句，先行詞前通常有as， so， such， the same等修飾語。
【品悟】　Thanksgiving day has been an international festival， as we
know.
正如我們所知道的那樣，感恩節已經成為一個國際性的節日。
【寫美】　微寫作
①像往常一樣，在比賽結束很久之后，觀眾還在繼續慶祝自己球隊的
勝利。（動作描寫）
， the spectators continued celebrating their
team’s victory long after the match was over.
②眾所周知，詞匯是語言的一個重要部分，就像一座樓的磚塊。
（投稿）
， vocabulary is an important part of the language，
just like bricks of a building.
As is often the case　
As we all know　
③正如上面提到的，在中國大多數高中，對武術感興趣的學生人數正
在增加。（告知信）
， the number of the students who are
interested in wushu is increasing in most high schools in China.
④你最好讓孩子們讀那些能使他們更好、更聰明的書。（建議信）
You’d better let the children read such books
.
As is mentioned above　
as will make them better
and cleverer　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try
driverless cars than those who lived in （農村的） areas.
2. Everyone should be entitled to a （相當好的） standard of
living.
3. Nick （獲得） admission to become a member of the
club last year.
rural　
decent　
attained　
4. In some countries， the more respect you want to show， the deeper
you should （鞠躬）.
5. A small town in New Zealand has announced an unusual plan to
ban （家養的） cats.
6. She was （不情愿的） to admit she was wrong.
7. As we all know， blue represents freedom， p and peace.
8. The president stated that all foreign forces would w as soon as
the crisis ended.
9. I can’t e his ability without seeing his work.
10. We have to r ourselves to the reality since we can do nothing.
bow　
domestic　
reluctant　
urity　
ithdraw　
valuate　
esign　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. Calmly and （deliberate）， she cut up his suits one
by one.
2. White also appeals due to its association with innocence and
（pure）.
3. （superficial）， they are on good terms with each
other， but actually they hold widely divergent opinions on some
issues.
deliberately　
purity　
Superficially　
4. For many such families， getting a child into university was
the （fulfill） of a lifelong dream.
5. Emmeline was an （influence） woman activist， who
helped British women get the right to vote.
6. So absorbed were we in being with them that we didn’t realize it was
time for （depart）.
7. The government’s （reject） of the plans is a setback
for us.
fulfilment　
influential　
departure　
rejection　
8. We need to carry out a proper （evaluate） of the new
system.
9. Plant breeders declared it to be one of the （botany）
finds of the century.
10. This standard is easily （attain） by most students.
evaluation　
botanical　
attainable　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. We （反對） killing animals and hope that nobody
will buy animal fur products.
2. （作為……的回報） your help， I invite you to
spend the weekend with my family.
3. He is not easy to get along with， and I never
（和他在一起感到自在）.
4. This is （同我上周丟失的那支鋼
筆一樣）.
are opposed to　
In return for　
feel at ease with him　
the same pen as I lost last week　
5. For fear of being laughed at， Tom has decided to
（退出） the competition.
6. She was not a woman who （聽任） fate， so
she gained respect from others.
7. You can’t control what happens but you can control your
（對……的反應） it.
8. Boys often overestimate their abilities
（而女孩缺乏自信）.
withdraw from　
resigned herself to　
reaction
to　
while girls lack confidence　
維度四：課文語法填空
Although separated in time by nearly 1，500 years， both Tao
Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau 1. （share） an intense
respect for nature.Feeling conflicted over life at court， in 405， Tao quit
the service of the court for good， 2. （express） his
unhappiness in his poems， finding contentment in its simplicity and in
drawing pleasure from nature.3. （similar）， Thoreau
wanted to live in a simpler way， focusing on 4.
shared　
expressing　
Similarly　
（him） and his writing.While they did not treat nature in quite
the same way， their 5. （work） show its beauty and
value.Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages while Thoreau’s
descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and 6. （pure）
of the wild areas around him.The calm and peaceful life Tao wrote about is
in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.On 7.
himself　
works　
purity　
other hand， Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that
animals and plants had a right to live and prosper，8. we do.We
should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts.During their
times， it took great courage 9. （reject） the easy and
familiar and instead try to live closer to nature.Nowadays， their ideas
about living simply and being at ease with nature are still valued by those
10. want personal well-being and fulfilment.
the　
as　
to reject　
who　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·湖北荊州八縣高二上期末）Each year， my kindergarten
students in Armour， South Dakota， learn to identify hundreds of birds
by sight and more than 50 species by their song or call.It started out
simply enough.Bird-watching is my hobby， so about six years ago， I
started sharing my love for birds with my students.I’ve always felt like
it’s important to get kids outside and away from so many screens， and I
consider this doing my part.And guess what？ They absolutely love it！
　　Kindergartners are pretty amazing at identifying birds， especially by
their songs.I find that younger children are naturally tuned into nature and
have great curiosity about it.This became quite obvious once I began
teaching about birds.You wouldn’t believe how easily these 5-year-olds
learn to identify different species.
　　With every year that I’ve done this， the kids immediately get
hooked.Then we have this common passion to share and build on it
throughout the year.I’ve found that my students’ love of birds is a great
way to get them more interested in writing， reading and story problems in
maths.
　　So how do I do it？ With identification （識別）， I use a flash-card
approach.We also use a Bird Bingo game that the kids love.Then I
introduce one or two bird songs a day.Learning about bird songs is a lot
like learning a foreign language.It teaches students to think in a different
way by learning to recognize different sounds.The best part is that it
makes them more aware of nature and which birds are in their area.
　　If you want to try teaching bird songs to your students， I’d suggest
starting with the common backyard birds.Check out the All About Birds
website， where you can look up the species， find photos and even play
the bird songs right there！
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。來自南達科他州阿默爾的一位幼兒
園老師通過教授學生識別和了解鳥類來激發學生對大自然的興趣。
通過教授鳥類知識，學生在寫作、閱讀和數學問題方面也獲得了提
高。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。來自南達科他州阿默爾的一位幼兒
園老師通過教授學生識別和了解鳥類來激發學生對大自然的興趣。
通過教授鳥類知識，學生在寫作、閱讀和數學問題方面也獲得了提
高。
1. What inspired the author to start teaching kindergartners about birds？
（　　）
A. His love for bird-watching.
B. The science teaching standards.
C. The students’ curiosity about nature.
D. The students’ talent in identifying birds.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第一段中的Bird-watching is my
hobby， so about six years ago， I started sharing my love for birds
with my students.可知，作者對鳥類觀察的興趣激發了他開始教授
幼兒園學生關于鳥類的知識。
2. How did the author feel about his students’ speed of learning to
identify birds？（　　）
A. Annoyed. B. Amazed.
C. Disappointed. D. Discouraged.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知，幼兒園的孩子們
在識別鳥類方面的能力相當驚人，即作者對學生們快速學習識別鳥
類的能力感到驚訝。
3. What does the underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 3 mean？
（　　）
A. Interested. B. Challenged.
C. Encouraged. D. Praised.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后的Then we have this common
passion to share and build on it throughout the year.可知，孩子們和作
者一樣，對鳥有著共同的激情，即對鳥是感興趣的。由此推斷，畫
線詞與interested同義。
4. How does the author teach kindergartners to learn to identify different
bird species？（　　）
A. By listening to bird songs.
B. By studying bird photos on a website.
C. Through writing and reading exercises.
D. Through flash cards and a Bird Bingo game.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的With identification
（識別）， I use a flash-card approach.We also use a Bird Bingo
game that the kids love.可知，作者通過使用閃卡和Bird Bingo游戲
的方式來教學生識別不同的鳥類。
B
　　（2024·廣東廣州高二上期末）One old-school gardening belief is
that it is inadvisable — even risky — to have plants in the bedroom.This
centers around the claim that while plants take in carbon dioxide and
release oxygen in the day， at night this is reversed （相反）， so they
compete with us for the very air we breathe while asleep.
　　Indoor air quality is indeed affected by CO2 build-up， which has
proven health implications， providing a clear basis for
concern.However， assessing whether sharing our bedroom with plants
truly jeopardizes our health involves three key considerations.
　　Firstly， how much CO2 do plants release at night compared with
what they absorb in the day？ This proves complex due to varying factors
like species， light exposure， and room temperature and the research on
the precise measurements is pretty thin on the ground.Thankfully， a
2015 study found that sizeable houseplants enclosed in glass boxes manage
to absorb six to eight times as much CO2 in the day as they give off at
night， creating a pretty significant net reduction over a 24-hour period.
　　Secondly， it’s essential to compare the nighttime impact of plants
on air quality with that of other potential competitors， such as your
roommates.A single human breath contains roughly 40，000 ppm of
CO2， over 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8
hours.Consequently， it might be wiser to kick out your roommates
before your plants.
　　Finally， and this may seem apparent， our living spaces differ from
the controlled environments in research studies.Indoor air is constantly
being exchanged naturally through openings like doors and windows， and
human movement.A recent review suggests that reproducing the air-
refreshing impact of an open window would require between 100 and 1，
000 plants per square meter of floor space， considering plants’
pollution-removing abilities.
　　So enjoy houseplants whenever you like， because， frankly， if
sleeping near plants were bad for your health， camping in a forest would
be positively deadly.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者從三個方面說明了在臥室養植
物是安全的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者從三個方面說明了在臥室養植
物是安全的。
5. What does the underlined word “jeopardizes” in Paragraph 2
probably mean？（　　）
A. Threatens. B. Changes.
C. Improves. D. Suspends.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據第一段內容可知，一種觀點認為在臥
室種植物很危險，它在晚上與我們競爭我們睡覺時呼吸的空氣，畫
線詞所在句意為“然而，要評估與植物共用臥室是否真的會危害我
們的健康，需要考慮三個關鍵因素”。jeopardizes意為“危害”。
6. What does the author think of having plants in the bedroom？（　　）
A. It is a health risk that requires immediate action.
B. It is a dangerous practice that should be avoided.
C. It is not as concerning as believed and can be enjoyed.
D. It is beneficial only if proper air exchanging is ensured.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的So enjoy houseplants
whenever you like可知，作者認為在臥室養植物不像人們想象的那
樣令人擔憂，可以享受。
7. How does the author illustrate the nighttime impact of bedroom
plants？（　　）
A. By citing examples.
B. By giving definitions.
C. By quoting researches.
D. By making comparisons.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第四段前兩句可知，作者是通過作比
較來說明夜間植物對空氣質量的影響。
8. Why does the author mention camping in a forest at the end of the
passage？（　　）
A. To highlight the risks of sleeping outdoors.
B. To suggest that sleeping near plants is dangerous.
C. To promote forest camping as a healthy alternative.
D. To emphasize the safety of having plants in the bedroom.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，作者提到在森林露營
是為了強調在臥室養植物的安全性。
C
　　（2024·廣西南寧高二上期末）Despite heavy illegal hunting of
rhinos， South Africa’s Kruger National Park is still a natural
paradise.One of the largest remaining lion populations in Africa lives
there.Yet there is something the local animals fear even more than the big
cats.
　　Liana Zanette of Western University in Ontario and her colleagues
were able to show that animals react most strongly to human voices and
flee in response.For their experiment， the team placed camera traps and
loudspeakers at water holes in the national park， which allowed the
researchers to influence and record the behavior of a total of 19 mammal
species.They played the animals sounds of normal conversations of
humans in four South African languages， dogs barking， gunshots and
lion sounds.
　　The study group found that animals were twice as likely to flee and
vacated an area faster when they heard human voices than when they heard
lions or gunshots.This was true for 95 per cent of the animal species
observed， including giraffes， leopards， hyenas， zebras， kudu，
warthogs， impalas and rhinos.Only elephants were significantly more
likely to run from lions than from humans.
　　The same was true of the time that animals spent at water holes：
they usually stayed longer when lion sounds were played to them than
when human voices were heard.Wild dogs， leopards and buffalo were
the only animals who stayed at water holes longer when they heard
humans， and the difference was not statistically significant for these
species.“There is a notion that animals get used to humans when they are
not being hunted.But we’ve shown that’s not the case，” Clinchy
says.“Fear of humans is deeply rooted and common， so we need to
seriously address it for conservation reasons.”
　　The team is now investigating whether its customized sound systems
can be used to help endangered species， such as the southern white
rhino， away from known poaching （偷獵） areas in South
Africa.Initial tests of keeping rhinos away from such areas through the use
of human voices have been successful.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發現，人類的聲音對野生
動物來說是根深蒂固的恐懼。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發現，人類的聲音對野生
動物來說是根深蒂固的恐懼。
9. What can we know about South Africa’s Kruger National Park？
（　　）
A. Rhinos are effectively protected in the park.
B. Lions are the biggest threat for local animals.
C. Human voices cause fear in the local wildlife.
D. It is a natural paradise without illegal hunting.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的Liana Zanette of Western
University in Ontario and her colleagues were able to show that animals
react most strongly to human voices and flee in response.可知，研究
表明，人類的聲音引起當地野生動物的恐懼。
10. What does the underlined word “vacated” in Paragraph 3 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Occupied. B. Left.
C. Encountered. D. Filled.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前的The study group found
that animals were twice as likely to flee and可知，畫線詞與flee意義
相近，從而推知，畫線詞意為“離開，逃離”。
11. What did researchers find about animals’ reaction to different
sounds？（　　）
A. Elephants are more afraid of humans than lions.
B. Giraffes react most strongly to lions or gunshots.
C. Rhinos were more likely to run from lions than gunshots.
D. Wild dogs stayed at water holes longer when hearing humans.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Wild dogs， leopards and
buffalo were ... not statistically significant for these species.可知，
關于動物對不同聲音的反應，研究人員發現野狗在聽到人類聲音
時在水坑里待的時間更長。
12. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Human Voices： a Surprising Deep-rooted Fear in Wildlife
B. Lions： the Primary Source of Threat for the Local Animals
C. Lion Sounds： the Potential Use for Wildlife Protection
D. Humans： the Impact on Decreasing Rhino Population
解析： 　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一項研究發
現：人類的聲音對野生動物來說是根深蒂固的恐懼。A項（人類
的聲音：在野生動物中是令人驚訝的根深蒂固的恐懼）為文章最
佳標題。
Ⅱ.應用文寫作
　　（2024·重慶高二上期末）假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Johnson
給你發來郵件，詢問你最欽佩的科學家是誰。請你用英語給他回復一
封郵件，內容包括：
1. 對欽佩對象的簡介；
2. 欽佩他/她的原因；
3. 他/她對你的影響。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Dear Johnson，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
Best regards，
Li Hua
參考范文：
Dear Johnson，
　　I hope this email finds you well.You asked about the person I admire
the most， and I would like to share with you my admiration for Yuan
Longping.
　　Yuan Longping， often referred to as the “Father of Hybrid
Rice”， is a famous Chinese agricultural scientist.His groundbreaking
work in developing high-yield hybrid rice has revolutionized global
agriculture， helping to feed countless people around the world.
　　Yuan Longping’s work has influenced me by highlighting the
importance of perseverance and making a meaningful difference in the
world.His dedication to solving global issues has motivated me to explore
how I can contribute to positive change in my own field of interest.
　Best regards，
　Li Hua
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