資源簡介

UNIT 5　Learning from nature
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.Children tend to 　　　　　　（模仿） their parents，so it pays to be a good role model.
2.In the show， they all showed their 　　　　　　（極好的） skills， leaving a deep impression on me.
3.Cloning is the 　　　　　　（前沿） technology in the field of life science and it is challenged by both ethics and technology.
4.The a　　　　　　 have made imaginative use of glass and transparent plastic.
5.With much heat captured from the sun， the panels c　　　　　　 it into energy powering the building.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.However， they did not anticipate seeing such an open country， and were truly 　　　　　　（amaze）.
2.I’m really glad that you take great interest in ancient Chinese 　　　　　　（architect）.
3.People 　　　　　　the energy of sunlight into electric energy.This 　　　　　　saves money and reduces cost.（convert）
4.In the past years， we have made great breakthroughs in this new 　　　　　　（front） of science.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.These children 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（認為這是理所當然） their parents should give them money.
2.The movie 　　　　　　　　　（以……為基礎） a popular novel of the same name.
3.I asked her what the time was， but she didn’t 　　　　　　　　（對……作出反應） my question.
4.I have a dream that our human beings could live 　　　　　　　　（與……和諧相處） the beautiful nature.
5.With the development of technology， solar energy and wind energy can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（轉換為） electrical energy.
6.　　　　　　　　　　　 （遛狗時） the other day on the street， I met my best friend Shirley.
維度四：課文語法填空
We are used to things that we may even take them 1.　　　　　　 granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.Nature 2.　　　　 （inspire） many of the most 3.　　　　 （fascinate） designs around us，4.　　　　　　 （include） those in architecture and is presented in various architectural 5.　　　　 （design）.Today， architects continue to explore ways 6.　　　　 （capture） the beauty of natural forms，to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building.7.　　　　　　 （create） buildings such as these enables us to live in 8.　　　　　　 （close） harmony with our environment.To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be 9.　　　　 challenge， but even the simplest organisms can help teach us 10.　　　　 to achieve this.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Sponges — is there anything they can’t do？ For thousands of years， humans have used dried natural sponges to clean up， to paint and as containers to consume liquids like water or honey.Whether artificial or natural， sponges are great at collecting tiny pieces with their many small holes.
　　Recently， researchers in China published a study describing their development of an artificial sponge that makes short work of removing microplastic pieces.The tests show that when a specially prepared plastic-filled solution （溶液） is pushed through one of their sponges， the sponge can remove microplastics and even smaller nanoplastics from the liquid.Researchers tried it in everything from tap water and seawater to soup from a local takeout spot.
　　According to Guoqing Wang， a materials chemist at Ocean University of China and co-author of the paper， the sponge is adjustable.By adjusting the temperature， the sponge can be made to have more or fewer holes， which affects the size of the microplastic pieces collected.The sponge， if ever produced on an industrial scale， Wang says， could be used in wastewater treatment factories to remove microplastics from the water or in food production facilities to avoid polluting water.
　　There are shortcomings to the sponge’s possible adoption， though.The sponge is made mostly from starch and gelatin （淀粉和明膠）， which are important to the food industry， meaning that there could be intense competition for the key ingredients in the future.Besides， starch and gelatin are able to break down naturally and harmlessly.However， the process developed by Wang and his co-workers to make their sponge uses formaldehyde， a highly poisonous chemical， and there were small amounts of this in the sponge itself.
　　When it comes to dealing with microplastic pollution in the ocean， Alice Horton at the United Kingdom’s National Oceanography Center says what she is confident about is that efforts to remove microplastics after they have already reached the ocean are probably certain to fail.“I don’t think there is anything we can do on a large enough scale that will have any impact，” she says.“We have to stop them getting there in the first place.”
1.What special characteristic of the new sponges is shown during the tests？（　　）
A.Their environmental friendliness.
B.Their operability and low production costs.
C.Their good performance in catching plastic pieces.
D.Their possibility of helping break down microplastics.
2.What will be a possible problem if the new sponges are produced in large numbers？（　　）
A.The high cost of recycling them.
B.The poor quality of the products.
C.A shortage of the raw material.
D.A lack of skillful operators.
3.What’s Alice’s opinion in regard to removing plastic from the ocean？（　　）
A.All roads lead to Rome. B.Time and tide wait for no man.
C.Many hands make light work. D.Prevention is better than cure.
4.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text？（　　）
A.To advertise a new sponge.
B.To introduce a new invention.
C.To stress the damage of plastic.
D.To popularize the sponge’s usage.
B
　　Medicine is not only a human invention.Many other animals have been known to self-medicate with plants and minerals for infections and other conditions.
　　Behavioral ecologist Helen Morrogh-Bernard has spent decades studying orangutans （猩猩） and says she has now found evidence they use plants in a medicinal way.
　　Morrogh and her colleagues watched 10 orangutans occasionally chew a particular plant （which is not part of their normal diet） into a foamy lather （泡沫） and then rub it into their fur.The apes spent up to 45 minutes at a time massaging the mixture onto their upper arms or legs.The researchers believe this behavior is the first known example using a painkiller.
　　Local people use the same plant， Dracaena cantleyi， to treat aches and pains.Morrogh’s co-authors studied its chemistry.They added extracts （汁） from the plant to human cells that had been grown in a dish and had been artificially stimulated to produce cytokines （細胞因子） that causes inflammation （炎癥） and discomfort.The plant extract reduced the production of several types of cytokines， the scientists reported the finding in a study published last November in Scientific Reports.
　　The results suggest that orangutans use the plant to reduce inflammation and treat pain.Such findings could help identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human medications.
　　In creatures such as insects， the ability to self-medicate is almost certainly innate； woolly bear （燈蛾毛蟲） infected with flies seeks out and eats plant substances poisonous to the flies.But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an initial discovery by one member of their group.
　　For example， an orangutan may have rubbed the plant on its skin to try to treat parasites （寄生蟲） and realized that it also had a pleasant pain-killing effect.That behavior may then have been passed on to other orangutans.“Because this type of self-medication is seen only in south-central Borneo，” Morrogh says， “It was probably learned locally.”
5.Why does orangutans chew Dracaena cantleyi？（　　）
A.To self-medicate.
B.To have their normal diet.
C.To scare other animals away.
D.To pass on a message to other orangutans.
6.How can the findings benefit human being？（　　）
A.They can help vets treat pets.
B.They can help scientists study orangutans.
C.They can help botanist learn more about plants.
D.They can help people find new resources for human medications.
7.Which of the following best explains the underlined word “innate” in Paragraph 6？（　　）
A.Natural. B.Sociable.
C.Obtainable. D.Professional.
8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.Apes use plant extracts to treat pain.
B.Humans and animals have a lot in common.
C.A plant has been found useful for human medication.
D.Morrogh-Bernard and her colleagues have been observing orangutans.
C
　　（2024·山東威海乳山高二下月考）In Iceland， these green houses melt into the natural landscape， a technique that first appeared with the arrival of British settlers during the 9th through 11th centuries.Unlike their previous warm and wet climate， wood was rare and slow to regenerate.Turf （草皮） became their first pick to make shelters.
　　Across Europe， turf bricks — widely available — were cut from local bogs （沼澤） and transported for use at higher lands.The turf was then laid over a wooden structure to form walls and a thick roof — to keep cold out from tough northern climates.Turf walls were replaced as frequently as every 20 years， and even up to 70 years.
　　It is difficult to find out its precise origins in the archaeological record.However， evidence of similar constructions can be found in many countries throughout the ages.Historic records suggest that up to 50 per cent of Icelandic houses were partly comprised of turf until the late 19th century.As populations began to gather in cities like Reykjavik， wood buildings replaced stones and earth architecture.After fires burned up the city in 1915， concrete became the material of choice.In 1918 Iceland gained independence from Denmark， setting in motion a wave of nationalism that threatened the survival of turf houses.Advocates of modernization argued that Reykjavik paled in comparison to the grand architecture that graced the skylines of Paris， Berlin， and London.Traditional techniques were criticized as “rotten Danish wood” from a troubled era， and there was a campaign to clear them in favor of modern buildings — a move later criticized by many as destruction of cultural heritage.
　　A tourism boom in the latter half of the 20th century encouraged Iceland to reexamine the value of traditional architecture.Do Icelanders still live in turf houses？ The quickest way to answer this question would be no.You might still see an occasional grass roof but that has everything to do with architecture and Icelanders wanting to hold on to their beloved heritage rather than any need for turf as insulation （隔熱） material.
9.Why did people use turf to build houses in the past？（　　）
A.It matched nature perfectly.
B.It could be changed often.
C.It was long-lasting and accessible.
D.It was a request by settlers.
10.What was a direct result of the wave of nationalism？（　　）
A.People packed into Reykjavik.
B.Traditional architecture was in favor.
C.Turf houses were almost unable to exist.
D.Concrete became a new building material.
11.What can we infer about the turf house from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.It starts coming to life.
B.It will live on.
C.Its material will improve.
D.It is out of date.
12.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Iceland’s Turf Stretches Brightly across Europe
B.Iceland’s Turf — An Important Building Material
C.Iceland’s Turf Houses — An Exceptional Example
D.Iceland’s Turf Houses Survive Beautifully with Nature
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　When you need to seek a solution to a design problem， you could ask yourself，“What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives， and how do they handle it？”13.（　　） Termites in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part.The Eastgate Centre in Harare， Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way， with thick overhangs shading the windows， and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape.This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-conditioning.14.（　　）
　　Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question.15.（　　） A keen birdwatcher， Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an abrupt pressure change when diving into the pond， but their beaks allow them to pierce through the water smoothly.His team found that putting a long， pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud boom in the tunnel and allowed it to run faster.
　　Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it.16.（　　） On the other hand， plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution.One company has come up with an alternative material made of cornhusk waste and some big companies are starting to use it.
　　17.（　　） Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the opportunity to touch and feel nature.He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking.
A.In nature， everything gets recycled.
B.To mimic nature， we must be familiar with it.
C.It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.
D.Large cities full of people are often compared to ants’ colonies （群）.
E.This idea was used to arrange hundreds of mirrors at a solar power plant.
F.It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast Asia， too.
G.His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a tunnel at high speed caused loud noises.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.mimic　2.superb　3.frontier　4.architects　5.convert
維度二
1.amazed　2.architecture　3.convert； conversion　4.frontier
維度三
1.take it for granted that
2.is based on
3.respond to
4.in harmony with
5.be converted into
6.While walking the dog
維度四
1.for　2.has inspired　3.fascinating　4.including
5.designs　6.to capture　7.Creating　8.closer　9.a　10.how
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國科學家研發(fā)的一種人工海綿，這種海綿具有很強的吸附塑料微粒的能力。
1.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，新海綿可以吸附微塑料和更小的納米塑料，所以吸附能力很強。
2.C　推理判斷題。文章第四段提到這種新海綿主要是由淀粉和明膠制成的，而淀粉和明膠也是食品工業(yè)的主要材料，這就意味著這種新海綿要和食品工業(yè)進行激烈競爭。因此，如果大量生產(chǎn)這種新海綿，可能會面臨原材料短缺的問題。
3.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末Alice說的話可知，Alice認為任何大規(guī)模的行動都無法對清理海洋垃圾有任何影響，我們必須先阻止塑料進入海洋。由此可推知，Alice認為清理海洋垃圾還得防患于未然。
4.B　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了中國科學家所發(fā)明的新海綿，以及這種海綿的優(yōu)缺點和一些專家的看法。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了行為生態(tài)學家Helen Morrogh-Bernard發(fā)現(xiàn)猿類使用植物（龍血樹）提取物來治療疼痛。
5.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的The researchers believe this behavior is the first known example using a painkiller.可知，紅毛猩猩會咀嚼龍血樹是為了治療疼痛，進行自我治療。
6.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的Such findings could help identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human medications.可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以幫助人們找到人類藥物治療的新資源。
7.A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第六段畫線詞下文可知，感染了蒼蠅的燈蛾毛蟲尋找并食用對蒼蠅有毒的植物物質(zhì)進行自我治療，有些動物還會學習族群內(nèi)成員發(fā)現(xiàn)的自我治療方法。由此可推出，在昆蟲等生物中，自我治療的能力幾乎可以肯定是“天生的”。
8.A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了行為生態(tài)學家Helen Morrogh-Bernard發(fā)現(xiàn)猿類使用植物（龍血樹）提取物來治療疼痛。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。公元9至11世紀草皮屋因其容易獲得且持久而大量出現(xiàn)，1918年冰島的民族浪潮影響到它們的存在。現(xiàn)在，草皮屋和自然景觀融為一體，成為冰島亮麗的風景。
9.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句和第二段最后一句可知，在過去人們用草皮修建房屋，是因為草皮容易獲得且持久。
10.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的In 1918 Iceland gained independence from Denmark， setting in motion a wave of nationalism that threatened the survival of turf houses.可知，民族浪潮的直接影響是導致草皮屋幾乎無法繼續(xù)存在。
11.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句推知，草皮屋會繼續(xù)存在，因為冰島人想要保留他們心愛的遺產(chǎn)。
12.D　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹公元9至11世紀草皮屋因其容易獲得且持久而大量出現(xiàn)，1918年冰島的民族浪潮影響到它們的存在。現(xiàn)在，草皮屋和自然景觀融為一體，成為冰島亮麗的風景。因此D項（冰島的草皮房屋與自然和諧相處）可以作為本文標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們可以從大自然中獲取靈感，以便用更環(huán)保的方式解決我們所面臨的問題。
13.D　上文講到遇到設計問題時可以想象面臨類似問題的動植物，下文講到非洲白蟻巢穴的特點。D項（人口眾多的大城市經(jīng)常被比作蟻群）承上啟下，符合語境。D項中的ants’呼應下文中的Termites。
14.F　根據(jù)上文可知，津巴布韋哈拉雷的伊斯特蓋特中心也采用了類似的設計方法，厚實的懸架遮蔽窗戶，所有的辦公室都連接到一個大煙囪，讓熱空氣逸出。這使得它在使用更少的空調(diào)的同時保持涼爽，即這種類似白蟻巢穴的設計適用于處于炎熱地帶的城市。F項（對于在東南亞的炎熱、擁擠的城市來說，這也是一個很好的解決方案）承接上文，符合語境。F項中的too表明上下文的并列關系。
15.G　根據(jù)空前一句可知，工程師Nakatsu也問了自己同樣的問題。由此推知，空處應指出Nakatsu面臨的問題是什么。G項（他的問題是高速行駛的高速列車沖進隧道時產(chǎn)生的壓力會產(chǎn)生巨大的噪聲）符合語境。G項中的 problem與上句中的question相呼應。
16.A　根據(jù)下文中的On the other hand可知，空處內(nèi)容與下文形成對照。下文說的是破壞環(huán)境的情況，則推知空處陳述環(huán)保的一方面。A項（在自然界，一切都是循環(huán)使用的）符合語境。
17.B　根據(jù)下文可知，Nakatsu擔心現(xiàn)在的孩子沒有機會接觸和感受大自然。他建議大學里的學生應該學習不止一個狹窄的領域，這樣他們就不會只有一種固定的思維方式。B項（要模仿大自然，我們必須熟悉它）符合語境。B項中的nature在下文中復現(xiàn)。
5 / 5Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Nature in Architecture
Trees， plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty① every day.[1]In fact， we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted② without realising how much inspiration③ they have given us.When we look at a pine cone④， we might think how much it looks like the tiles on a roof.An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles⑤ an umbrella.[2]It is natural to think in this way， but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
　　[1]so ...that ...引導結果狀語從句；how much inspiration ...是賓語從句。
[2]本句為but連接的并列句。前一分句中動詞不定式短語to think in this way為真正的主語，It作形式主語；后一分句為or連接的兩個并列的強調(diào)句。
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating⑥ designs around us， including those in architecture.From Barcelona’s forest-like Sagrada Familia to the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube， nature is presented in various architectural designs.Today， architects⑦ continue to explore ways to capture⑧ the beauty of natural forms， to mimic⑨ the way nature works or even to make natural organisms⑩ part of a building.
　　ArtScience Museum， Singapore
People [3]whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum.The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits.[4]Shaped to resemble a lotus flower， it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 metres down to a waterfall in the centre of the space.The water is then recycled through the building’s plumbing system.Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
　　[3]whose引導定語從句，修飾先行詞People。
[4]過去分詞短語作狀語。
The Eastgate Centre， Harare
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry .To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and processes.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre [5]while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests.The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds.In a similar way， the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.[6]During the day， warm air is drawn into the building through the holes， cooling as it reaches the middle of the building. [7]At night， the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air， creating a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems， so the building uses less energy and costs less to run.
　　[5]while watching為while引導的時間狀語從句的省略，in which引導定語從句。
[6]as引導時間狀語從句。
[7]過去分詞短語absorbed ...the day作后置定語；動詞-ing短語creating ...inside作結果狀語。
The Algae House， Hamburg
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg， Germany.The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae.The algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbon dioxide to encourage them to grow.In bright sunshine， they grow faster and provide shade .The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building.And that’s not all — the algae inside the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel .The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy， but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
[8]Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.[9]To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge ， but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
　　[8]Creating buildings such as these為動詞-ing短語作主語。
[9]動詞不定式在句中作主語；while protecting the world of tomorrow為“連詞＋動詞-ing短語”作時間狀語。
【讀文清障】
①beauty n.美，美麗
beautiful adj.美麗的
beautify v.美化
②take ...for granted 認為……理所當然
take it for granted that ...認為……理所當然
③inspiration n.靈感
inspire v.賦予靈感
④pine cone松果，松球
⑤resemble v.像；與……類似
⑥fascinating adj.迷人的
fascinate v.深深吸引，迷住
fascination n.魅力
⑦architect n.建筑師
architecture n.建筑學
architectural adj.建筑學的
⑧capture v.捕獲
⑨mimic v.模仿
⑩organism n.生物體
be designed to do sth旨在做某事，目的是做某事
shape v.使成為……的形狀
lotus n.蓮花，荷花
float v.漂浮
channel v.（經(jīng)過通道）輸送，傳送
plumbing n.管道系統(tǒng)
be amazed to do sth因為做某事而感到驚訝
a superb example of……的一個極好的范例
superb adj.極好的，出色的
biomimicry n.仿生學
documentary n.紀錄片
construct v.建造，修建
construction n.建造；建筑物
under construction 在建設中
mound n.土堆，土丘
absorb v.吸收
be absorbed in專心致志于
warm v.（使）溫暖
nutrient n.營養(yǎng)素；營養(yǎng)物
nutrition n.營養(yǎng)
nutritious adj.有營養(yǎng)的
shade n.陰涼處
convert v.使轉變；使轉換convert ...into ...將……轉變?yōu)椤?br/> power v.給……提供能量
fuel n.燃料
respond to對……作出反應
generate v.產(chǎn)生；引起
enable sb to do sth
使某人能夠做某事
in harmony with與……協(xié)調(diào)一致；與……和諧相處
meet the needs of ...滿足……的需求
challenge n.挑戰(zhàn)
challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的
【參考譯文】
建筑中的自然元素
我們身邊都有花、草、樹木，并且每天都能欣賞到它們的美。事實上，我們已經(jīng)習慣了它們的存在，甚至可能把它們視為理所當然，卻沒有意識到它們給了我們多少靈感。看到一個松果，我們可能會想它看起來多么像屋頂上的瓦片；看到一朵綻開的花，我們可能會覺得它和雨傘是多么相似。以這種方式思考是很自然的，但當然不是雨傘給了花朵靈感，也不是屋頂給了松果靈感。
我們身邊許多最迷人的設計，包括建筑設計，它們的靈感都來自大自然。從巴塞羅那的森林般的圣家族大教堂到現(xiàn)代風格的北京水立方，在各式各樣的建筑設計中都能發(fā)現(xiàn)自然元素。如今，建筑師不斷探尋捕捉自然形態(tài)之美的方法，模仿自然運行的方式，或者讓自然生物融為建筑的一部分。
　　新加坡藝術科學博物館
對探索藝術與科學的關系感興趣的人會樂于參觀新加坡的藝術科學博物館。該建筑旨在展示自然和現(xiàn)代城市環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系。它的形狀像一朵蓮花，漂浮在海濱長廊上，四周被水環(huán)繞。它的屋頂可收集雨水，雨水順著管道向下35米到達博物館中心的瀑布。然后，水通過建筑的管道系統(tǒng)循環(huán)使用。當置身于這樣一座真實地捕捉到自然形態(tài)之美的城市建筑中時，參觀者常常嘆為觀止。
哈拉雷東門大廈
哈拉雷東門大廈是極好的仿生學范例，利用仿生技術，在自然形態(tài)和過程的基礎上創(chuàng)造建筑結構。津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門大廈。這種昆蟲搭建表面覆有小洞的蟻丘，以保證蟻丘內(nèi)外部的空氣流通。東門大廈也用了相似的方法，大廈的“皮膚”上設計了很多洞。白天，暖空氣通過洞口引入建筑內(nèi)部，在流向建筑中部的過程中冷卻下來。夜間，墻壁吸收的熱量使冷空氣變暖，創(chuàng)造著適宜的內(nèi)部溫度條件。該設計減少了對傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)和供暖系統(tǒng)的需求，因此建筑運行能耗和成本都較低。
漢堡藻屋
世界上第一座藻類能源建筑位于德國漢堡。公寓樓表面的面板上覆蓋著藻類。藻類以液體營養(yǎng)素和二氧化碳為養(yǎng)料，促進自身生長。陽光明媚的時候，它們長得更快，可以遮陰。這些面板還可以吸收太陽的熱量，并轉化為電能，給建筑物供電。除此之外，面板內(nèi)的藻類可以收集起來，做燃料用。因此，該建筑不僅能夠適應環(huán)境，減少能耗，而且自身可以產(chǎn)生可再生能源，減少對環(huán)境的危害。
創(chuàng)造這樣的建筑物能夠使我們與我們的環(huán)境更和諧地相處。保護明天的世界，同時滿足當下的需求，這可能是一項挑戰(zhàn)，但即使是最簡單的生物也能幫忙，教我們?nèi)绾螌崿F(xiàn)目標。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why don’t we feel the inspiration from nature？（　　）
A.Because it is around us.
B.Because we are not close to it.
C.Because we are accustomed to it.
D.Because we tend to ignore its importance.
2.Which of the following was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment？（　　）
A.Beijing’s Water Cube.
B.ArtScience Museum， Singapore.
C.The Eastgate Centre， Harare.
D.The Algae House， Hamburg.
3.What’s the advantage of the Algae House in Hamburg？（　　）
A.It produces its own renewable energy.
B.It is in harmony with its environment.
C.It doesn’t need any energy.
D.It is protected from the sunlight by panels.
4.What can we conclude from the text？（　　）
A.Nature is influenced by human architecture.
B.Nature is full of mysteries.
C.Nature can be our teacher.
D.Humans should protect nature.
第三步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.Do you think biomimicry is a new idea？ Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.How can biomimicry benefit people？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using similes （明喻） or metaphors （暗喻）.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence using personification （擬人）.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1.It is natural to think in this way，but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
句式分析 本句為　　　　句。前一個分句中It作　　　　　　，動詞不定式短語to think in this way為　　　　　　　；后一個分句中，使用了　　　　句型。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests.
句式分析 while watching為while引導的　　　　　　從句的省略；in which引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞a nature documentary。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
be amazed to do sth 因為做某事而感到驚訝
【教材原句】　Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
當置身于這樣一座真實地捕捉到自然形態(tài)之美的城市建筑中時，參觀者常常嘆為觀止。
【用法】
（1）amazed adj.　　　 驚奇的；驚訝的
be amazed at/by/that ... 對……大為驚奇
（2）amazement n. 驚奇，驚愕，驚詫
to one’s amazement 令某人驚訝的是
in amazement 吃驚地
（3）amaze v. 使驚奇；使驚愕；使驚詫
What amazes sb is ... 讓某人驚奇的是……
（4）amazing adj. 令人大為驚奇的
【佳句】　I was amazed to hear that you had given up the chance to go abroad for further study.聽說你放棄了出國繼續(xù)深造的機會，我感到驚訝。
【助記】　His look showed that he was amazed at the event.To my amazement， he responded in so amazing a way.
他的表情表明他對這件事情感到吃驚。令我驚訝的是，他對此反應如此驚愕。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①With a goal in mind， you will be amazed 　　　　　　your potential if you make efforts.
②He enjoyed himself so much in the countryside where the 　　　　　　（amaze） scenery impressed him a lot.
③He looked at her 　　　　　　amazement when she appeared suddenly.
【寫美】　一句多譯
④令我驚奇的是，他能把這首詩全部背誦出來。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.（amazement）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.（what引導主語從句）
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.（amazed）
an example of ……的例子
【教材原句】　Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry.
哈拉雷東門大廈是極好的仿生學范例。
【用法】
set sb an example＝set an example to sb　　給某人樹立榜樣
make an example of sb （for sth） （因某事）懲罰某人
follow one’s example 效仿某人
give sb an example of 給某人舉……例子
by example 以身作則
【佳句】　This painting is a perfect example of the artist’s early work.
這幅畫是這位藝術家早期作品的典例。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They apparently decided to make 　　　　example of him.
②Just give me an example 　　　　　　his generosity.
③As an adult， we should set a good example 　　　　　　the young.
【寫美】　補全句子
④Inspired by his deeds， I decided to 　　　　　　　　　　　doing good deeds every day.
受到他的事跡鼓舞，我決定效仿他每天做好事。
absorb v.吸收，吸引； 使專心
【教材原句】　At night， the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air， creating a comfortable temperature inside.
夜間，墻壁吸收的熱量使冷空氣變暖，創(chuàng)造著適宜的內(nèi)部溫度條件。
【用法】
（1）absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb ...into ...把……吸收進……
be absorbed by ... 被……吞并；為……所吸收
absorb knowledge quickly 快速吸收知識
（2）absorbed adj. 全神貫注的
（be） absorbed in ...＝absorb oneself in ... 全神貫注于……
（3）absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入勝的
absorption n. 吸收；專心致志；全神貫注
【佳句】　He was absorbed in writing a letter and didn’t even look up when I came in.
他聚精會神地寫信，我進來時他甚至都沒有抬頭。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Water and salt are 　　　　　　（absorb） into our bloodstream every day.
②The novel was so 　　　　　　（absorb） that she read on without a break even forgetting food and sleep.
【寫美】　句式升級
③She was so absorbed in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.（部分倒裝結構）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（改寫為簡單句）
respond to 對……作出反應；響應
【教材原句】　The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy， but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
因此，該建筑不僅能夠適應環(huán)境，減少能耗，而且自身可以產(chǎn)生可再生能源，減少對環(huán)境的危害。
【用法】
（1）respond v.　　 　　回答；響應；作出反應
respond with sth 以……回應
respond by doing sth 通過做某事回應
（2）response n. 回答，答復；響應；反應
make a/no response to ... 對……給予/沒有回答
in response to 對……作出反應
【佳句】　He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.
收到我的信之后，他很快就回復我了。
【練透】　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①She sent a letter in 　　　　　　（respond） to his inquiry.
②建筑師聽到我的話時，她皺著眉頭回應了我的評論。
→When the architect heard what I said， she 　　　　　　　　my comments with a frown.（respond）
→When the architect heard what I said， she 　　　　　　　　my comments with a frown.（response）
in harmony with 與……協(xié)調(diào)一致，與……和諧相處
【教材原句】　Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
創(chuàng)造這樣的建筑物能夠使我們與我們的環(huán)境更和諧地相處。
【用法】
（1）harmony n.　融洽，和睦
in harmony 和諧地
out of harmony （with ...） （與……）不協(xié)調(diào)/不和諧
social harmony 社會融洽
（2）harmonious adj. 和諧的，融洽的
harmonious relationship 和諧的關系
（3）harmoniously adv. 和諧地，融洽地
【佳句】　We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.
我們必須確保旅游業(yè)與環(huán)境和諧發(fā)展。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The city’s rapid development has led to some areas being out of harmony 　　　　　the surrounding natural environment.
②There are several ways to maintain a 　　　　　　（harmony） dormitory life.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Only when we learn to exist 　　　　　　　　　nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife.
只有當我們學會與自然和諧相處時，我們才能停止成為野生動物的威脅。
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：時間狀語從句的省略
【教材原句】　Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests.
津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門大廈。
【用法】
（1）在時間、條件、讓步、方式或比較狀語從句中，當從句的主語與主句的主語一致且從句中含有be動詞的某種形式時，從句中的主語和be動詞可以省略。
（2）當從句的主語與主句的主語不一致，但從句的主語是it，并且從句中有be動詞的某種形式時，可以把it和be動詞一起省略。
【品悟】　When asked （＝When he was asked） what the trip meant to him， the man said it was “an unforgettable experience of a lifetime”.
當被問到這次旅行對他意味著什么時，他說這是他“一生都難以忘懷的經(jīng)歷”。
【寫美】　微寫作
①如果當選，我將把提高節(jié)目質(zhì)量當成我的職責。（申請信）
　　　　　　　　， I will make it my duty to improve the quality of programs.
②我們沐浴在陽光下，一邊摘橘子一邊唱歌大笑。（活動介紹）
Bathed in sunshine， we sang and laughed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③盡管他們生活在不同的時代，但他們有一些共同的特征。（投稿）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， they share some common characteristics.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.inspiration　2.many of the most fascinating designs
3.the beauty of natural forms　4.mimic　5.natural organisms
6.harmony
第二步
1－4　CBAC
第三步
1.Biomimicry is not a new idea.Since ancient times， simple people and scientists have been watching and studying nature’s best ideas and then imitated these designs and processes to find answers and solved many situations in human history.
2.Biomimicry is a new way to perceive and value nature.It brings us the idea that the best way to benefit from the natural world is not to massively extract substances and valuables from it.The conscious emulation of life’s and nature’s genius is a survival strategy for the human race.It’s a possible path to a sustainable and better future.
第四步
1.（1）When we look at a pine cone，we might think how much it looks like the tiles on a roof.
（2）An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles an umbrella.
（3）Shaped to resemble a lotus flower，it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
2.In a similar way，the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.
第五步
1.并列　形式主語　真正的主語　強調(diào)
以這種方式思考是很自然的，但當然不是雨傘給了花朵靈感，也不是屋頂給了松果靈感。
2.時間狀語　定語
津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門大廈。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①at/by　②amazing　③in　④To my amazement； What amazed me was that； was amazed that
2.①an　②of　③to　④follow his example
3.①absorbed　②absorbing　③So absorbed was she in her job； Absorbed in her job， she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.
4.①response　②responded to； made a response to
5.①with　②harmonious　③in harmony with
重點句型解構
　①If elected　②while （we were） picking oranges
③Although living in different eras
10 / 10(共106張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
Nature in Architecture
Trees， plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty
① every day.[1]In fact， we are so used to them that we may even take
them for granted② without realising how much inspiration③ they have
given us.When we look at a pine cone④， we might think how much it
looks like the tiles on a roof.An open flower might make us think how
closely it resembles⑤ an umbrella.[2]It is natural to think in this way，
but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof
that inspired the pine cone.
　　[1]so ...that ...引導結果狀語從句；how much inspiration ...是
賓語從句。
[2]本句為but連接的并列句。前一分句中動詞不定式短語to think
in this way為真正的主語，It作形式主語；后一分句為or連接的兩個并
列的強調(diào)句。
【讀文清障】
①beauty n.美，美麗
beautiful adj.美麗的
beautify v.美化
②take ...for granted 認為……理所當然
take it for granted that ...認為……理所當然
③inspiration n.靈感
inspire v.賦予靈感
④pine cone松果，松球
⑤resemble v.像；與……類似
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating⑥ designs around
us， including those in architecture.From Barcelona’s forest-like
Sagrada Familia to the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube， nature is
presented in various architectural designs.Today， architects⑦ continue to
explore ways to capture⑧ the beauty of natural forms， to mimic⑨ the way
nature works or even to make natural organisms⑩ part of a building.
ArtScience Museum， Singapore
People [3]whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and
science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum.The building was
designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city
environment in which it sits.[4]Shaped to resemble a lotus flower， it
appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that
surrounds it.Its roof collects rainwater and channels it 35 metres down to
a waterfall in the centre of the space.The water is then recycled through
the building’s plumbing system.Visitors are often amazed to find
themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural
forms.
　　[3]whose引導定語從句，修飾先行詞People。
[4]過去分詞短語作狀語。　
⑥fascinating adj.迷人的
fascinate v.深深吸引，迷住
fascination n.魅力
⑦architect n.建筑師
architecture n.建筑學
architectural adj.建筑學的
⑧capture v.捕獲
⑨mimic v.模仿
⑩organism n.生物體
be designed to do sth旨在做某事，目的是做某事
shape v.使成為……的形狀
lotus n.蓮花，荷花
float v.漂浮
channel v.（經(jīng)過通道）輸送，傳送
plumbing n.管道系統(tǒng)
be amazed to do sth因為做某事而感到驚訝
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry .To
use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and
processes.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the
Centre [5]while watching a nature documentary in which termites were
constructing their nests.The insects built mounds covered in little holes
designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds.In a similar
way， the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.[6]During the
day， warm air is drawn into the building through the holes， cooling as it
reaches the middle of the building.
The Eastgate Centre， Harare
[7]At night， the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the
cool air， creating a comfortable temperature inside. The design reduces
the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems， so the
building uses less energy and costs less to run.
　　[5]while watching為while引導的時間狀語從句的省略，in which
引導定語從句。
[6]as引導時間狀語從句。
[7]過去分詞短語absorbed ...the day作后置定語；動詞-ing短語
creating ...inside作結果狀語。
a superb example of……的一個極好的范例
superb adj.極好的，出色的
biomimicry n.仿生學
documentary n.紀錄片
construct v.建造，修建
construction n.建造；建筑物
under construction 在建設中
mound n.土堆，土丘
absorb v.吸收
be absorbed in專心致志于
warm v.（使）溫暖
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg，
Germany.The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that
contain algae.The algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbon dioxide
to encourage them to grow.In bright sunshine， they grow faster and
provide shade .The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it
into energy that powers the building.And that’s not all — the algae
inside the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel .The building
therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy， but
also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable
energy.
The Algae House， Hamburg
[8]Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer
harmony with our environment.[9]To meet the needs of today while
protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge ， but even the
simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
　　[8]Creating buildings such as these為動詞-ing短語作主語。
[9]動詞不定式在句中作主語；while protecting the world of
tomorrow為“連詞＋動詞-ing短語”作時間狀語。
nutrient n.營養(yǎng)素；營養(yǎng)物
nutrition n.營養(yǎng)
nutritious adj.有營養(yǎng)的
shade n.陰涼處
convert v.使轉變；使轉換
convert ...into ...將……轉變?yōu)椤?br/> power v.給……提供能量
fuel n.燃料
respond to對……作出反應
generate v.產(chǎn)生；引起
enable sb to do sth使某人能夠做某事
in harmony with與……協(xié)調(diào)一致；與……和諧相處
meet the needs of ...滿足……的需求
challenge n.挑戰(zhàn)
challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的
【參考譯文】
建筑中的自然元素
我們身邊都有花、草、樹木，并且每天都能欣賞到它們的美。事
實上，我們已經(jīng)習慣了它們的存在，甚至可能把它們視為理所當然，
卻沒有意識到它們給了我們多少靈感。看到一個松果，我們可能會想
它看起來多么像屋頂上的瓦片；看到一朵綻開的花，我們可能會覺得
它和雨傘是多么相似。以這種方式思考是很自然的，但當然不是雨傘
給了花朵靈感，也不是屋頂給了松果靈感。
我們身邊許多最迷人的設計，包括建筑設計，它們的靈感都來自
大自然。從巴塞羅那的森林般的圣家族大教堂到現(xiàn)代風格的北京水立
方，在各式各樣的建筑設計中都能發(fā)現(xiàn)自然元素。如今，建筑師不斷
探尋捕捉自然形態(tài)之美的方法，模仿自然運行的方式，或者讓自然生
物融為建筑的一部分。
新加坡藝術科學博物館
對探索藝術與科學的關系感興趣的人會樂于參觀新加坡的藝術科
學博物館。該建筑旨在展示自然和現(xiàn)代城市環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系。它的形
狀像一朵蓮花，漂浮在海濱長廊上，四周被水環(huán)繞。它的屋頂可收集
雨水，雨水順著管道向下35米到達博物館中心的瀑布。然后，水通過
建筑的管道系統(tǒng)循環(huán)使用。當置身于這樣一座真實地捕捉到自然形態(tài)
之美的城市建筑中時，參觀者常常嘆為觀止。
哈拉雷東門大廈
哈拉雷東門大廈是極好的仿生學范例，利用仿生技術，在自然形
態(tài)和過程的基礎上創(chuàng)造建筑結構。津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部
大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門
大廈。這種昆蟲搭建表面覆有小洞的蟻丘，以保證蟻丘內(nèi)外部的空氣
流通。東門大廈也用了相似的方法，大廈的“皮膚”上設計了很多
洞。白天，暖空氣通過洞口引入建筑內(nèi)部，在流向建筑中部的過程中
冷卻下來。夜間，墻壁吸收的熱量使冷空氣變暖，創(chuàng)造著適宜的內(nèi)部
溫度條件。該設計減少了對傳統(tǒng)空調(diào)和供暖系統(tǒng)的需求，因此建筑運
行能耗和成本都較低。
漢堡藻屋
世界上第一座藻類能源建筑位于德國漢堡。公寓樓表面的面板上
覆蓋著藻類。藻類以液體營養(yǎng)素和二氧化碳為養(yǎng)料，促進自身生長。
陽光明媚的時候，它們長得更快，可以遮陰。這些面板還可以吸收太
陽的熱量，并轉化為電能，給建筑物供電。除此之外，面板內(nèi)的藻類
可以收集起來，做燃料用。因此，該建筑不僅能夠適應環(huán)境，減少能
耗，而且自身可以產(chǎn)生可再生能源，減少對環(huán)境的危害。
創(chuàng)造這樣的建筑物能夠使我們與我們的環(huán)境更和諧地相處。保護
明天的世界，同時滿足當下的需求，這可能是一項挑戰(zhàn)，但即使是最
簡單的生物也能幫忙，教我們?nèi)绾螌崿F(xiàn)目標。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Why don’t we feel the inspiration from nature？（　　）
A. Because it is around us.
B. Because we are not close to it.
C. Because we are accustomed to it.
D. Because we tend to ignore its importance.
2. Which of the following was designed to show the connection between
nature and the modern city environment？（　　）
A. Beijing’s Water Cube.
B. ArtScience Museum， Singapore.
C. The Eastgate Centre， Harare.
D. The Algae House， Hamburg.
3. What’s the advantage of the Algae House in Hamburg？（　　）
A. It produces its own renewable energy.
B. It is in harmony with its environment.
C. It doesn’t need any energy.
D. It is protected from the sunlight by panels.
4. What can we conclude from the text？（　　）
A. Nature is influenced by human architecture.
B. Nature is full of mysteries.
C. Nature can be our teacher.
D. Humans should protect nature.
第三步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. Do you think biomimicry is a new idea？ Why？




　Biomimicry is not a new idea.Since ancient times， simple people
and scientists have been watching and studying nature’s best ideas and
then imitated these designs and processes to find answers and solved
many situations in human history.　
2. How can biomimicry benefit people？





　Biomimicry is a new way to perceive and value nature.It brings us
the idea that the best way to benefit from the natural world is not to
massively extract substances and valuables from it.The conscious
emulation of life’s and nature’s genius is a survival strategy for the
human race.It’s a possible path to a sustainable and better future.　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using similes （明
喻） or metaphors （暗喻）.






　（1）When we look at a pine cone，we might think how much it
looks like the tiles on a roof.　
　（2）An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles
an umbrella.　
　（3）Shaped to resemble a lotus flower，it appears to float above
the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.　
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentence using personification
（擬人）.


　In a similar way，the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in
holes.　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1. It is natural to think in this way，but of course it wasn’t the umbrella
that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
句式分析 本句為 句。前一個分句中It作 ，動
詞不定式短語to think in this way為 ；后一個分句
中，使用了 句型。
自主翻譯

并列　
形式主語　
真正的主語　
強調(diào)　
以這種方式思考是很自然的，但當然不是雨傘給了花
朵靈感，也不是屋頂給了松果靈感。　
2. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre
while watching a nature documentary in which termites were
constructing their nests.
句式分析 while watching為while引導的 從句的省略；
in which引導 從句，修飾先行詞a nature documentary。
自主翻譯

時間狀語　
定語　
津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看
到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門大廈。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
be amazed to do sth 因為做某事而感到驚訝
【教材原句】　Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an
urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
當置身于這樣一座真實地捕捉到自然形態(tài)之美的城市建筑中時，
參觀者常常嘆為觀止。
【用法】
（1）amazed adj.　　　　 　驚奇的；驚訝的
be amazed at/by/that ... 　　對……大為驚奇
（2）amazement n.　　驚奇，驚愕，驚詫
to one’s amazement 　　令某人驚訝的是
in amazement 　　吃驚地
（3）amaze v.　　使驚奇；使驚愕；使驚詫
What amazes sb is ...　　讓某人驚奇的是……
（4）amazing adj.　　令人大為驚奇的
【佳句】　I was amazed to hear that you had given up the chance to go
abroad for further study.
聽說你放棄了出國繼續(xù)深造的機會，我感到驚訝。
【助記】　His look showed that he was amazed at the event.To my
amazement， he responded in so amazing a way.他的表情表明他對這
件事情感到吃驚。令我驚訝的是，他對此反應如此驚愕。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①With a goal in mind， you will be amazed your potential if
you make efforts.
②He enjoyed himself so much in the countryside where the
（amaze） scenery impressed him a lot.
③He looked at her amazement when she appeared suddenly.
at/by　
amazing　
in　
【寫美】　一句多譯
④令我驚奇的是，他能把這首詩全部背誦出來。
→ ， he was able to recite the whole poem from
memory.（amazement）
→ he was able to recite the whole poem
from memory.（what引導主語從句）
→I he was able to recite the whole poem from
memory.（amazed）
To my amazement　
What amazed me was that　
was amazed that　
an example of ……的例子
【教材原句】　Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of
biomimicry.哈拉雷東門大廈是極好的仿生學范例。
【用法】
set sb an example＝set an example to sb　　給某人樹立榜樣
make an example of sb （for sth）　　（因某事）懲罰某人
follow one’s example 　　效仿某人
give sb an example of 　　給某人舉……例子
by example　　以身作則
【佳句】　This painting is a perfect example of the artist’s early work.
這幅畫是這位藝術家早期作品的典例。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They apparently decided to make example of him.
②Just give me an example his generosity.
③As an adult， we should set a good example the young.
an
of　
to　
【寫美】　補全句子
④Inspired by his deeds， I decided to doing good
deeds every day.
受到他的事跡鼓舞，我決定效仿他每天做好事。
follow his example　
absorb v.吸收，吸引； 使專心
【教材原句】　At night， the heat absorbed by the wall during the day
warms the cool air， creating a comfortable temperature inside.夜間，墻
壁吸收的熱量使冷空氣變暖，創(chuàng)造著適宜的內(nèi)部溫度條件。
【用法】
（1）absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb ...into ...　　把……吸收進……
be absorbed by ...　　被……吞并；為……所吸收
absorb knowledge quickly 快速吸收知識
（2）absorbed adj. 　　全神貫注的
（be） absorbed in ...＝absorb oneself in ...　　全神貫注于……
（3）absorbing adj.　　十分吸引人的，引人入勝的
absorption n.　　吸收；專心致志；全神貫注
【佳句】　He was absorbed in writing a letter and didn’t even look up
when I came in.
他聚精會神地寫信，我進來時他甚至都沒有抬頭。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Water and salt are （absorb） into our bloodstream every
day.
②The novel was so （absorb） that she read on without a
break even forgetting food and sleep.
absorbed　
absorbing　
【寫美】　句式升級
③She was so absorbed in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking
at the door.
→ that she didn’t hear anybody
knocking at the door.（部分倒裝結構）
→
（改寫為簡單句）
So absorbed was she in her job　
Absorbed in her job， she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the
door.　
respond to 對……作出反應；響應
【教材原句】　The building therefore not only responds to its
environment and uses less energy， but also reduces damage to the
environment by generating its own renewable energy.
因此，該建筑不僅能夠適應環(huán)境，減少能耗，而且自身可以產(chǎn)生可再
生能源，減少對環(huán)境的危害。
【用法】
（1）respond v.　　回答；響應；作出反應
respond with sth　　以……回應
respond by doing sth　　通過做某事回應
（2）response n.　　回答，答復；響應；反應
make a/no response to ...　　對……給予/沒有回答
in response to 　　對……作出反應
【佳句】　He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.收到我的
信之后，他很快就回復我了。
【練透】　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①She sent a letter in （respond） to his inquiry.
②建筑師聽到我的話時，她皺著眉頭回應了我的評論。
→When the architect heard what I said， she my
comments with a frown.（respond）
→When the architect heard what I said， she my
comments with a frown.（response）
response　
responded to　
made a response to　
in harmony with 與……協(xié)調(diào)一致，與……和諧相處
【教材原句】　Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in
closer harmony with our environment.
創(chuàng)造這樣的建筑物能夠使我們與我們的環(huán)境更和諧地相處。
【用法】
（1）harmony n.　　融洽，和睦
in harmony 　　和諧地
out of harmony （with ...）　　（與……）不協(xié)調(diào)/不和諧
social harmony　　社會融洽
（2）harmonious adj.　　和諧的，融洽的
harmonious relationship　　和諧的關系
（3）harmoniously adv.　　和諧地，融洽地
【佳句】　We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the
environment.
我們必須確保旅游業(yè)與環(huán)境和諧發(fā)展。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The city’s rapid development has led to some areas being out of
harmony the surrounding natural environment.
②There are several ways to maintain a （harmony）
dormitory life.
with　
harmonious　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Only when we learn to exist nature can we stop
being a threat to wildlife.
只有當我們學會與自然和諧相處時，我們才能停止成為野生動物
的威脅。
in harmony with　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：時間狀語從句的省略
【教材原句】　Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create
the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were
constructing their nests.
津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻
穴，從中得到啟發(fā)，從而設計了東門大廈。
【用法】
（1）在時間、條件、讓步、方式或比較狀語從句中，當從句的主語
與主句的主語一致且從句中含有be動詞的某種形式時，從句中的主
語和be動詞可以省略。
（2）當從句的主語與主句的主語不一致，但從句的主語是it，并且
從句中有be動詞的某種形式時，可以把it和be動詞一起省略。
【品悟】　When asked （＝When he was asked） what the trip meant
to him， the man said it was “an unforgettable experience of a
lifetime”.
當被問到這次旅行對他意味著什么時，他說這是他“一生都難以忘懷
的經(jīng)歷”。
【寫美】　微寫作
①如果當選，我將把提高節(jié)目質(zhì)量當成我的職責。（申請信）
， I will make it my duty to improve the quality of
programs.
②我們沐浴在陽光下，一邊摘橘子一邊唱歌大笑。（活動介紹）
Bathed in sunshine， we sang and laughed
.
③盡管他們生活在不同的時代，但他們有一些共同的特征。（投稿）
， they share some common
characteristics.
If elected　
while （we were） picking
oranges　
Although living in different eras　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養(yǎng)
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. Children tend to （模仿） their parents，so it pays to be a
good role model.
2. In the show， they all showed their （極好的） skills，
leaving a deep impression on me.
3. Cloning is the （前沿） technology in the field of life
science and it is challenged by both ethics and technology.
mimic　
superb　
frontier　
4. The a have made imaginative use of glass and transparent
plastic.
5. With much heat captured from the sun， the panels c it into
energy powering the building.
rchitects　
onvert　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. However， they did not anticipate seeing such an open country， and
were truly （amaze）.
2. I’m really glad that you take great interest in ancient
Chinese （architect）.
3. People the energy of sunlight into electric
energy.This saves money and reduces cost.
（convert）
4. In the past years， we have made great breakthroughs in this
new （front） of science.
amazed　
architecture　
convert　
conversion　
frontier　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. These children （認為這是理所當然）
their parents should give them money.
2. The movie （以……為基礎） a popular novel of the
same name.
3. I asked her what the time was， but she didn’t
（對……作出反應） my question.
4. I have a dream that our human beings could live
（與……和諧相處） the beautiful nature.
take it for granted that　
is based on　
respond to　
in harmony with　
5. With the development of technology， solar energy and wind energy
can （轉換為） electrical energy.
6. （遛狗時） the other day on the street， I
met my best friend Shirley.
be converted into　
While walking the dog　
維度四：課文語法填空
We are used to things that we may even take them 1. granted
without realising how much inspiration they have given us.Nature 2.
（inspire） many of the most 3. （fascinate）
designs around us，4. （include） those in architecture and
is presented in various architectural 5. （design）.Today，
architects continue to explore ways 6. （capture） the
beauty of natural forms，to mimic the way nature works or even to make
natural organisms part of a building.7.
for　
has
inspired　
fascinating　
including　
designs　
to capture　
（create） buildings such as these enables us to live in
8. （close） harmony with our environment.To meet the needs
of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be 9.
challenge， but even the simplest organisms can help teach us
10. to achieve this.
Creating　
closer　
a　
how　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Sponges — is there anything they can’t do？ For thousands of
years， humans have used dried natural sponges to clean up， to paint and
as containers to consume liquids like water or honey.Whether artificial or
natural， sponges are great at collecting tiny pieces with their many small
holes.
　　Recently， researchers in China published a study describing their
development of an artificial sponge that makes short work of removing
microplastic pieces.The tests show that when a specially prepared plastic-
filled solution （溶液） is pushed through one of their sponges， the
sponge can remove microplastics and even smaller nanoplastics from the
liquid.Researchers tried it in everything from tap water and seawater to
soup from a local takeout spot.
　　According to Guoqing Wang， a materials chemist at Ocean
University of China and co-author of the paper， the sponge is
adjustable.By adjusting the temperature， the sponge can be made to have
more or fewer holes， which affects the size of the microplastic pieces
collected.The sponge， if ever produced on an industrial scale， Wang
says， could be used in wastewater treatment factories to remove
microplastics from the water or in food production facilities to avoid
polluting water.
　　There are shortcomings to the sponge’s possible adoption，
though.The sponge is made mostly from starch and gelatin （淀粉和明
膠）， which are important to the food industry， meaning that there
could be intense competition for the key ingredients in the
future.Besides， starch and gelatin are able to break down naturally and
harmlessly.However， the process developed by Wang and his co-workers
to make their sponge uses formaldehyde， a highly poisonous chemical，
and there were small amounts of this in the sponge itself.
　　When it comes to dealing with microplastic pollution in the ocean，
Alice Horton at the United Kingdom’s National Oceanography Center
says what she is confident about is that efforts to remove microplastics
after they have already reached the ocean are probably certain to fail.“I
don’t think there is anything we can do on a large enough scale that will
have any impact，” she says.“We have to stop them getting there in the
first place.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國科學家研發(fā)的
一種人工海綿，這種海綿具有很強的吸附塑料微粒的能力。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國科學家研發(fā)的
一種人工海綿，這種海綿具有很強的吸附塑料微粒的能力。
1. What special characteristic of the new sponges is shown during the
tests？（　　）
A. Their environmental friendliness.
B. Their operability and low production costs.
C. Their good performance in catching plastic pieces.
D. Their possibility of helping break down microplastics.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，新海綿可以吸附
微塑料和更小的納米塑料，所以吸附能力很強。
2. What will be a possible problem if the new sponges are produced in
large numbers？（　　）
A. The high cost of recycling them.
B. The poor quality of the products.
C. A shortage of the raw material.
D. A lack of skillful operators.
解析： 　推理判斷題。文章第四段提到這種新海綿主要是由淀粉
和明膠制成的，而淀粉和明膠也是食品工業(yè)的主要材料，這就意味
著這種新海綿要和食品工業(yè)進行激烈競爭。因此，如果大量生產(chǎn)這
種新海綿，可能會面臨原材料短缺的問題。
3. What’s Alice’s opinion in regard to removing plastic from the
ocean？（　　）
A. All roads lead to Rome.
B. Time and tide wait for no man.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Prevention is better than cure.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末Alice說的話可知，Alice
認為任何大規(guī)模的行動都無法對清理海洋垃圾有任何影響，我們必
須先阻止塑料進入海洋。由此可推知，Alice認為清理海洋垃圾還
得防患于未然。
4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text？（　　）
A. To advertise a new sponge.
B. To introduce a new invention.
C. To stress the damage of plastic.
D. To popularize the sponge’s usage.
解析： 　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了
中國科學家所發(fā)明的新海綿，以及這種海綿的優(yōu)缺點和一些專
家的看法。
B
　　Medicine is not only a human invention.Many other animals have
been known to self-medicate with plants and minerals for infections and
other conditions.
　　Behavioral ecologist Helen Morrogh-Bernard has spent decades
studying orangutans （猩猩） and says she has now found evidence they
use plants in a medicinal way.
　　Morrogh and her colleagues watched 10 orangutans occasionally
chew a particular plant （which is not part of their normal diet） into a
foamy lather （泡沫） and then rub it into their fur.The apes spent up to
45 minutes at a time massaging the mixture onto their upper arms or
legs.The researchers believe this behavior is the first known example
using a painkiller.
　　Local people use the same plant， Dracaena cantleyi， to treat aches
and pains.Morrogh’s co-authors studied its chemistry.They added
extracts （汁） from the plant to human cells that had been grown in a
dish and had been artificially stimulated to produce cytokines （細胞因
子） that causes inflammation （炎癥） and discomfort.The plant extract
reduced the production of several types of cytokines， the scientists
reported the finding in a study published last November in Scientific
Reports.
　　The results suggest that orangutans use the plant to reduce
inflammation and treat pain.Such findings could help identify plants and
chemicals that might be useful for human medications.
　　In creatures such as insects， the ability to self-medicate is almost
certainly innate； woolly bear （燈蛾毛蟲） infected with flies seeks out
and eats plant substances poisonous to the flies.But more complex animals
may learn such tricks after an initial discovery by one member of their
group.
　　For example， an orangutan may have rubbed the plant on its skin to
try to treat parasites （寄生蟲） and realized that it also had a pleasant
pain-killing effect.That behavior may then have been passed on to other
orangutans.“Because this type of self-medication is seen only in south-
central Borneo，” Morrogh says， “It was probably learned locally.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了行為生態(tài)學家Helen
Morrogh-Bernard發(fā)現(xiàn)猿類使用植物（龍血樹）提取物來治療疼痛。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了行為生態(tài)學家Helen
Morrogh-Bernard發(fā)現(xiàn)猿類使用植物（龍血樹）提取物來治療疼痛。
5. Why does orangutans chew Dracaena cantleyi？（　　）
A. To self-medicate.
B. To have their normal diet.
C. To scare other animals away.
D. To pass on a message to other orangutans.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的The researchers believe this
behavior is the first known example using a painkiller.可知，紅毛猩
猩會咀嚼龍血樹是為了治療疼痛，進行自我治療。
6. How can the findings benefit human being？（　　）
A. They can help vets treat pets.
B. They can help scientists study orangutans.
C. They can help botanist learn more about plants.
D. They can help people find new resources for human medications.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的Such findings could help
identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human
medications.可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以幫助人們找到人類藥物治療的新
資源。
7. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “innate” in
Paragraph 6？（　　）
A. Natural. B. Sociable.
C. Obtainable. D. Professional.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第六段畫線詞下文可知，感染了蒼蠅
的燈蛾毛蟲尋找并食用對蒼蠅有毒的植物物質(zhì)進行自我治療，有些
動物還會學習族群內(nèi)成員發(fā)現(xiàn)的自我治療方法。由此可推出，在昆
蟲等生物中，自我治療的能力幾乎可以肯定是“天生的”。
8. What is the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. Apes use plant extracts to treat pain.
B. Humans and animals have a lot in common.
C. A plant has been found useful for human medication.
D. Morrogh-Bernard and her colleagues have been observing orangutans.
解析： 　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了行為生態(tài)學家
Helen Morrogh-Bernard發(fā)現(xiàn)猿類使用植物（龍血樹）提取物來治療
疼痛。
C
　　（2024·山東威海乳山高二下月考）In Iceland， these green houses
melt into the natural landscape， a technique that first appeared with the
arrival of British settlers during the 9th through 11th centuries.Unlike their
previous warm and wet climate， wood was rare and slow to
regenerate.Turf （草皮） became their first pick to make shelters.
　　Across Europe， turf bricks — widely available — were cut from
local bogs （沼澤） and transported for use at higher lands.The turf was
then laid over a wooden structure to form walls and a thick roof — to keep
cold out from tough northern climates.Turf walls were replaced as
frequently as every 20 years， and even up to 70 years.
　　It is difficult to find out its precise origins in the archaeological
record.However， evidence of similar constructions can be found in many
countries throughout the ages.Historic records suggest that up to 50 per
cent of Icelandic houses were partly comprised of turf until the late 19th
century.As populations began to gather in cities like Reykjavik， wood
buildings replaced stones and earth architecture.After fires burned up the
city in 1915， concrete became the material of choice.In 1918 Iceland
gained independence from Denmark，
setting in motion a wave of nationalism that threatened the survival of turf
houses.Advocates of modernization argued that Reykjavik paled in
comparison to the grand architecture that graced the skylines of Paris，
Berlin， and London.Traditional techniques were criticized as “rotten
Danish wood” from a troubled era， and there was a campaign to clear
them in favor of modern buildings — a move later criticized by many as
destruction of cultural heritage.
　　A tourism boom in the latter half of the 20th century encouraged
Iceland to reexamine the value of traditional architecture.Do Icelanders
still live in turf houses？ The quickest way to answer this question would
be no.You might still see an occasional grass roof but that has everything
to do with architecture and Icelanders wanting to hold on to their beloved
heritage rather than any need for turf as insulation （隔熱） material.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。公元9至11世紀草皮屋因其容易獲得
且持久而大量出現(xiàn)，1918年冰島的民族浪潮影響到它們的存在。現(xiàn)
在，草皮屋和自然景觀融為一體，成為冰島亮麗的風景。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。公元9至11世紀草皮屋因其容易獲得
且持久而大量出現(xiàn)，1918年冰島的民族浪潮影響到它們的存在。現(xiàn)
在，草皮屋和自然景觀融為一體，成為冰島亮麗的風景。
9. Why did people use turf to build houses in the past？（　　）
A. It matched nature perfectly.
B. It could be changed often.
C. It was long-lasting and accessible.
D. It was a request by settlers.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句和第二段最后一句可
知，在過去人們用草皮修建房屋，是因為草皮容易獲得且持久。
10. What was a direct result of the wave of nationalism？（　　）
A. People packed into Reykjavik.
B. Traditional architecture was in favor.
C. Turf houses were almost unable to exist.
D. Concrete became a new building material.
解析： 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的In 1918 Iceland gained
independence from Denmark， setting in motion a wave of
nationalism that threatened the survival of turf houses.可知，民族浪
潮的直接影響是導致草皮屋幾乎無法繼續(xù)存在。
11. What can we infer about the turf house from the last paragraph？
（　　）
A. It starts coming to life.
B. It will live on.
C. Its material will improve.
D. It is out of date.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句推知，草皮屋會
繼續(xù)存在，因為冰島人想要保留他們心愛的遺產(chǎn)。
12. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Iceland’s Turf Stretches Brightly across Europe
B. Iceland’s Turf — An Important Building Material
C. Iceland’s Turf Houses — An Exceptional Example
D. Iceland’s Turf Houses Survive Beautifully with Nature
解析： 　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹公元9至11世紀
草皮屋因其容易獲得且持久而大量出現(xiàn)，1918年冰島的民族浪潮
影響到它們的存在。現(xiàn)在，草皮屋和自然景觀融為一體，成為冰
島亮麗的風景。因此D項（冰島的草皮房屋與自然和諧相處）可
以作為本文標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　When you need to seek a solution to a design problem， you could
ask yourself，“What animals or plants face a similar problem in their
lives， and how do they handle it？”13.（　　） Termites in Africa
control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls
and air spaces in the top part.The Eastgate Centre in Harare， Zimbabwe
was designed in a similar way， with thick overhangs shading the
windows， and all the offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air
escape.This allows it to stay cool while using much less air-
conditioning.14.（　　）
　　Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same question.15.（　　）
A keen birdwatcher， Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an
abrupt pressure change when diving into the pond， but their beaks allow
them to pierce through the water smoothly.His team found that putting a
long， pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud boom in the
tunnel and allowed it to run faster.
　　Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand
how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it.16.（　　）
On the other hand， plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and
pollution.One company has come up with an alternative material made of
cornhusk waste and some big companies are starting to use it.
　　17. （　　） Nakatsu worries that children today do not have the
opportunity to touch and feel nature.He advises that students in university
should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one
fixed way of thinking.
A. In nature， everything gets recycled.
B. To mimic nature， we must be familiar with it.
C. It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.
D. Large cities full of people are often compared to ants’ colonies
（群）.
E. This idea was used to arrange hundreds of mirrors at a solar power
plant.
F. It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast
Asia， too.
G. His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a
tunnel at high speed caused loud noises.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們可以從大自然
中獲取靈感，以便用更環(huán)保的方式解決我們所面臨的問題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們可以從大自然
中獲取靈感，以便用更環(huán)保的方式解決我們所面臨的問題。
13. D　上文講到遇到設計問題時可以想象面臨類似問題的動植物，
下文講到非洲白蟻巢穴的特點。D項（人口眾多的大城市經(jīng)常被比作
蟻群）承上啟下，符合語境。D項中的ants’呼應下文中的Termites。
14. F　根據(jù)上文可知，津巴布韋哈拉雷的伊斯特蓋特中心也采用了類
似的設計方法，厚實的懸架遮蔽窗戶，所有的辦公室都連接到一個大
煙囪，讓熱空氣逸出。這使得它在使用更少的空調(diào)的同時保持涼爽，
即這種類似白蟻巢穴的設計適用于處于炎熱地帶的城市。F項（對于
在東南亞的炎熱、擁擠的城市來說，這也是一個很好的解決方案）承
接上文，符合語境。F項中的too表明上下文的并列關系。
15. G　根據(jù)空前一句可知，工程師Nakatsu也問了自己同樣的問題。
由此推知，空處應指出Nakatsu面臨的問題是什么。G項（他的問題是
高速行駛的高速列車沖進隧道時產(chǎn)生的壓力會產(chǎn)生巨大的噪聲）符合
語境。G項中的 problem與上句中的question相呼應。
16. A　根據(jù)下文中的On the other hand可知，空處內(nèi)容與下文形成對
照。下文說的是破壞環(huán)境的情況，則推知空處陳述環(huán)保的一方面。A
項（在自然界，一切都是循環(huán)使用的）符合語境。
17. B　根據(jù)下文可知，Nakatsu擔心現(xiàn)在的孩子沒有機會接觸和感受
大自然。他建議大學里的學生應該學習不止一個狹窄的領域，這樣他
們就不會只有一種固定的思維方式。B項（要模仿大自然，我們必須
熟悉它）符合語境。B項中的nature在下文中復現(xiàn)。
謝謝觀看！

展開更多......

收起↑