資源簡介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.The government decided to send more 　　　　（部隊） to the border， where they would strengthen the defense and maintain security.
2.The 　　　　　　（指揮官） got a chance to visit the mountain whose top was covered with thick snow， which he had been dreaming of for years.
3.It was reported that a rocket destroyed the enemy’s 　　　　　　（坦克）.
4.Grades would range from one or two，for 　　　　　（杰出的） or excellent， to six or seven， for poor or very poor.
5.To 　　　　　　（解放） the city， thousands of soldiers devoted their lives to fighting against the enemy.
6.H　　　　　　， violence and cruelty involved in some video products harm the psychological development of children.
7.The study suggests kids who play v　　　　　 video games show much more aggressive behaviour than those who don’t.
8.The main o　　　　　　 of this meeting is to give more information on our plans.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.I 　　　　　　（bare） saw my father before I was eight so I was somewhat lonely.
2.We are often taught to fight against 　　　　　（violent） and protect peace.
3.The event marked the 　　　　　　（liberate） of the slaves， and it had a profound impact on the course of history.
4.The use of nuclear weapons is a 　　　　　　（horror） threat to human beings.
5.A 　　　　　　（memory） service for sailors drowned at sea will be held in the city centre at 8 am this Sunday.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We should have faith in ourselves， and believe we can 　　　　　　（成功） if we try our best.
2.It is known to us all that a computer 　　　　　　　　（由……組成） hundreds of different parts.
3.I think if you invest all your money in that project， it will be 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（簡直是） a failure.
4.She is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium， they need to start from zero to 　　　　　　　　（為……做準備） new challenges ahead.
5.The hybrid rice succeeded in 　　　　　　　　（使人們擺脫） starvation.
6.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（一些樹高達90多米）.
維度四：課文語法填空
　　In the spring of 1944， Allied 1.　　　　　　 （troop） made up mainly of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers， 2.　　　　　　 marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation code-named “Operation Overlord”. The date for the start was set for 6 June after taking weather， moon and 3.　　　　　　 （tide） into consideration.General Eisenhower 4.　　　　　　 （issue） an order before the operation to encourage the soldiers 5.　　　　　　 （fight） bravely.Though full preparations had been made， the 6.　　　　 （violent） and horror of the battle was beyond expectation.In the 7.　　　　 （fierce） fighting at Omaha Beach， only two in seven could make 8.　　　　　　 to the beach.In spite 9.　　　　　　 the high cost in human life， the D-Day landings were a success and 10.　　　　 （see） as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In the late 1930s， people could donate blood， but very few hospitals could store it for later use. Whole blood breaks down quickly， and there were no methods at the time for safely preserving it. As a result， hospitals often did not have the appropriate blood type when patients needed it. Charles Drew， a Black surgeon and researcher， helped solve this monumental problem for medicine， earning him the title “Father of the Blood Bank”.
　　In 1938， while obtaining his doctorate in medicine， Drew became a fellow at Columbia University’s Presbyterian Hospital in New York. He studied the storage and distribution of blood， including the separation of its components， and applied his findings to an experimental blood bank at the hospital.
　　As Drew was finishing his degree at Columbia， World War Ⅱ was erupting in Europe. Great Britain was asking the United States for desperately needed plasma （血漿） to help victims. Given his expertise， Drew was selected to be the medical director for the Blood for Britain campaign. Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as a model， Drew established uniform procedures and standards for collecting blood and processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals. The five-month campaign collected donations from 15，000 Americans and was considered a success. His discoveries and his leadership saved countless lives.
　　With the increasing likelihood that the nation would be drawn into war， the United States wanted to capitalize on what Drew had learned from the campaign. He was appointed as the assistant director of a three-month pilot program to mass-produce dried plasma in New York， which became the model for the first Red Cross blood bank. His innovations for this program included mobile blood donation stations， later called bloodmobiles.
1. What problem did hospitals face in the late 1930s regarding blood donations？（　　）
A.The shortage of blood donors.
B.The inability to preserve blood.
C.The challenge of blood infection.
D.The failure to identify blood types.
2.How did Drew contribute to the Blood for Britain campaign？（　　）
A.He gathered different standards for the blood collection.
B.He worked on the bloodmobiles for easy access to donors.
C.He helped send life-saving drugs overseas to aid in the war.
D.He organized the collection and processing of blood plasma.
3.Which of the following best describes the three-month pilot program？（　　）
A.Groundbreaking. B.Unpredictable.
C.Economical. D.Controversial.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.The Life of Dr Charles Drew
B.The Inventor of the Blood Bank
C.A Savior of Lives During Wartime
D.A Pioneer in Blood Transportation
B
　　During the 1910s， the Great War broke out. A 25-year-old American soldier probably never thought that his life would change forever when he volunteered to go to France.
　　One night while the American troops were returning to the base after a bloody fight， Suleyman stumbled to the ground and noticed a bit of movement from the bush. Being stuck between two choices， either an enemy or an animal， Suleyman found a five-year-old girl from the bush trembling with cold and utmost horror. Due to the atrocity of the war， the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed.
　　During the war， it was impossible to find the child’s family so Suleyman took this little French girl under his wings and gave her an American name Flora which meant the flower. Soon， Flora became the apple of the eye of everyone living in the army camp.
　　For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable； however， every fairy tale came to an end.When the war ended， Suleyman was sent back to the USA， while Flora was put in an orphanage， the Normandy School， which was founded by the American government for orphaned French children to have an education.
　　For years， Suleyman always thought about Flora. When the French National Olympic Team was playing in the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 1984， Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.
　　At the age of 85， Suleyman attended the 60th anniversary reception of the Great War where Suleyman shared his story with American and French officials. After hearing his story， a French journalist started to investigate the story， and all government files were read in detail. The moment the journalist helped dial the number， in tears， Flora said Suleyman was her hero， and everything came flooding back to her.
5.What does the underlined word “atrocity” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Cruelty. B.Challenge.
C.Range. D.Stress.
6.Why did Suleyman watch the 1984 Summer Olympics？（　　）
A.Because Flora might be in the French team.
B.Because Suleyman was greatly interested in sports.
C.Because Flora might be watching the event.
D.Because Suleyman wanted to travel to Los Angeles.
7.What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A.Flora and Suleyman became attached to each other.
B.Flora was sent to an orphanage called Normandy.
C.Suleyman found some animals in the bush.
D.Suleyman would never see Flora again.
8.Which can serve as the best title for the text？（　　）
A.A Tough Flower in the War
B.The Influence of the War
C.The Lost and Found Love
D.The Apple of the Father’s Eye
C
　　On the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day landings， I found myself on Omaha Beach， leading a small band of college students into the past.
　　For more than 20 years， my co-workers and I have taken students from the University of Texas at Austin to Europe as the highlight of half-year-long study of World War Ⅱ. There’s nothing like being there to discover what happened there 77 years ago or how much it can teach us today.
　　We board a bus and enter the American cemetery （墓地）.A staff member greets us and tells us about the 9，380 graveyards here. We turn to face the cemetery as the national anthem （國歌） plays over the loudspeaker. Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.
　　Each student receives a yellow rose to place at the grave of a Texan soldier. The headstones give us only the name， rank， unit， home state and date of death. We can guess how old they were， for the students are about the same age.
　　We return to the beach and look at the peaceful scene that we know was anything but peaceful 77 years ago. “Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings. More than 2，400 Americans were killed or wounded， or went missing in action. No one who survived ever forgot it.
　　Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both humans and materials. They face a world different from the one their grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived in but just as complex and even more dangerous. Pandemics， pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.
　　I have faith in this young generation.We can learn much from the D-Day landings and World WarⅡ about the importance of alliances （聯盟）， the value of cooperation and the meaning of courage. As it turns out， learning from the past is a matter of moment today.
9.What did the author do on the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day landings？（　　）
A.She went to Europe with old soldiers.
B.She visited the American cemetery in Texas.
C.She gave a course on World War Ⅱ.
D.She took students on a study tour to Omaha Beach.
10.What can we know about the author’s father？（　　）
A.He was a Texan soldier.
B.He was buried in this graveyard.
C.He died when performing a mission.
D.He served in the air force during World War Ⅱ .
11.Why is the number of Americans mentioned in Paragraph 5？（　　）
A.To explain their love for traveling.
B.To show their sacrifices in the mission.
C.To honor them for fighting for the country.
D.To praise them for bringing the beach into peace.
12.What does the author feel about the world faced by this young generation？（　　）
A.Peaceful. B.Eventful.
C.Fast-changing. D.Fully-globalized.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Sheri Rosenblum learned about the Holocaust （納粹大屠殺） the same way most kids did.13.（　　）.“It was like watching a horror movie. I really did not understand it. It was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it，” she said.14.（　　）.Sheri works at the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation （JPEF）， an organization focusing on teaching students about the thousands of Jews who fought back against Hitler’s plans to kill them.
　　During World War Ⅱ， as many as 30，000 Jews joined resistance groups throughout Europe. Known as partisans （游擊隊員）， they formed their own fighting units and also joined non-Jewish partisan armies to fight against Hitler’s forces. 15.（　　）.Eta Wrobel， a 20-year-old Jewish girl， escaped into the woods and helped form an all-Jewish partisan unit. Some partisans were even younger. In France， 12-year-old Bernard Musmand helped the Jewish Resistance by working as a courier （通訊員）. At age 13， he joined partisan military actions against the Nazis， according to the JPEF.
　　These are all kinds of stories that the JPEF is working to spread.The organization has interviewed dozens of former Jewish partisans about their experiences during the Holocaust. 16.（　　）.“Students will say，‘I always pictured the Jews as victims. However， learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish，’” she said.
　　There are lessons for non-Jewish students too， of course.17.（　　）：young people can make a difference； stand up to oppression （壓迫） early before it’s too late； never give up.
A.Many of them were youngsters
B.Unfortunately， this is the truth
C.Most of the partisans were Jewish girls
D.Now she’s working to tell a different part of this history
E.Sheri said that sharing the stories with Jewish students is invaluable
F.She was taught about the violent act of Nazi camps and shown pictures of Jewish survivors
G.Jewish partisans told the JPEF they hoped future generations would take three things from their example
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.troops　2.commander　3.tanks　4.outstanding
5.liberate　6.Horror　7.violent　8.objective
維度二
1.barely　2.violence　3.liberation　4.horrible　5.memorial
維度三
1.make it
2.is made up of
3.nothing less than
4.prepare for
5.freeing people from
6.some measuring over 90 metres
維度四
1.troops　2.which　3.tides　4.issued　5.to fight
6.violence　7.fiercest　8.it　9.of　10.were seen
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了查爾斯·德魯找到了處理和儲存血液的新方法，還發明了移動獻血站，幫助挽救了第二次世界大戰期間無數的生命，因此被稱為“血庫之父”。
1.B　細節理解題。根據第一段第一句可知，在20世紀30年代末，醫院面臨的問題是無法儲存血液。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第三段中的Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as ... processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals.可知，德魯組織了血漿的收集和處理。
3.A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，這個為期三個月的試點項目成為第一個紅十字會血庫的模型，德魯在這個項目中貢獻了創新方法。由此可推出，這個試點項目具有開創性。
4.B　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了查爾斯·德魯找到了處理和儲存血液的新方法，還發明了移動獻血站，幫助挽救了第二次世界大戰期間無數的生命，因此被稱為“血庫之父”。由此可推出，B項（血庫的發明者）最適合作本文標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了第一次世界大戰爆發時，25歲的美國士兵Suleyman救了一個女孩，取名Flora。后來Flora被送入孤兒院，兩人分開。多年后，兩人再次取得了聯系。
5.A　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文of the war， the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed可知，這個女孩被家人拋棄，整個村莊的人都被殺了。由此可知，戰爭血雨腥風、十分殘酷，故畫線詞意為“殘酷”。cruelty殘酷；challenge挑戰；range范圍；stress壓力。
6.C　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的When the French National Olympic Team ...Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.可知，Suleyman觀看1984年夏季奧運會是因為Flora可能在看比賽。
7.A　細節理解題。根據第四段中的For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable可知，一年半的時間里，Flora和Suleyman形影不離。
8.C　標題歸納題。根據文章內容可知，本文講述了一個美國士兵在第一次世界大戰期間救了一個法國小女孩，兩人在一年半的時間里形影不離，后因故分開，最后又取得了聯系的故事。由此可知，C項（失而復得的愛）適合作本文最佳標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。“我”和同事們在諾曼底登陸紀念日前夕帶領學生開展游學活動，引導學生感悟英勇頑強、奉獻犧牲的精神。
9.D　細節理解題。根據第一、二段內容可知，二十多年來，作者都會帶學生來到奧馬哈海灘開展游學活動。
10.D　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.可知，作者的父親在第二次世界大戰期間曾執行了30次飛行任務。由此推斷，作者的父親二戰期間在空軍服役。
11.B　推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings.以及第六段中的Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both humans and materials.可知，此次戰爭十分慘烈，美國人作出了巨大的犧牲。由此可知，列數字是為了表明美國人在這次任務中的犧牲。
12.B　推理判斷題。根據第六段中的Pandemics，pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.可知，作者認為，年輕一代身處的世界充滿挑戰，發生了很多重大事件，變故也很多。peaceful和平的；eventful多變故的；fast-changing快速變化的；fully-globalized完全全球化的。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。謝瑞·羅森布盧姆致力于宣傳猶太游擊隊員反抗納粹暴行的歷史故事，為當代青少年呈現出不同于以往的歷史視角。
13.F　F項提到的the violent act of Nazi camps與該空后一句提到的It was like watching a horror movie.相呼應，指出主人公謝瑞·羅森布盧姆和其他孩子一樣受到的戰爭教育強化了納粹的暴行和猶太人的軟弱，符合語境。
14.D　根據空后一句可知，謝瑞向學生們宣揚猶太人反抗希特勒屠殺計劃的歷史，D項提到她努力講述這段歷史的不同部分，與上文It was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it相呼應，符合語境。
15.A　根據下文Some partisans were even younger.可知，許多游擊隊員是年輕人，故A項符合語境。
16.E　根據下文learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish可知，了解這些歷史故事讓猶太學生產生民族自豪感。因此，分享這些歷史故事對猶太學生來說是極有用的，故E項符合語境。
17.G　該空后提到了這些歷史給非猶太學生的三個啟示，這與G項中的three things相呼應。
1 / 3Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
The D-DAY LANDINGS
[1]By spring 1944， the Second World War had been raging① across the globe for about five years. But along the south coast of England， something unusual was happening： Allied② troops made up mainly of③ British， Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.[2]This marked④ one of the final stages⑤ of a top-secret⑥ operation that had been months， perhaps years， in the planning. Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined⑦ sea， air and land operation in history， [3]the aim being to free north-west Europe from⑧ German occupation⑨.After waiting for the perfect combination of weather， moon and tides， the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
　　[1]“by＋表示過去的時間點”作時間狀語，句子謂語用過去完成時（或過去完成進行時）。
　　[2]that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞operation。
　　[3]“名詞＋動詞-ing短語”構成的獨立主格結構。
An order [4]issued⑩ by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read： “Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained， well equipped and battle-hardened ...But this is the year 1944 ...The tide has turned！ The free men of the world are marching together to Victory！ I have full confidence in your courage， devotion to duty and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than full Victory！”
　　[5]With these words ringing in their ears， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June， thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile， thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy， protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.Their objective was clear： to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.But even in the depths of war， few could have been prepared for the violence and horror [6]they would experience there.
　　[4]過去分詞短語issued by ...作后置定語。
[5]With these words ringing in their ears是with復合結構作狀語；what引導賓語從句，且在從句中作主語。
　　[6]they would experience there是省略了關系代詞that或which的定語從句。
The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.[7]Boats were hit and men drowned， while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. By mid-morning， hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled [8]how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him： “I was the first one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed； three were injured.That’s how lucky you had to be.”
　　[7]while連接并列句，意為“而，然而”，表示對比；who引導定語從句。
　　[8]how引導賓語從句，且句中含有with復合結構。
But， despite the high cost in human life， the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By the end of August 1944， the Allies had reached the River Seine， Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany， [9]where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel， where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.As part of this solemn and moving occasion ， a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen， by Laurence Binyon：
They shall grow not old， as we that are left grow old：
Age shall not weary them， nor the years condemn .
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.[10]Although each year they are fewer in number， their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them — as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
　　[9]where引導定語從句；動詞-ing短語moving in from the east作后置定語。
[10]Although引導讓步狀語從句；that引導賓語從句；who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞those。
【讀文清障】
①rage v.（暴風雨、戰斗等）猛烈地繼續；激烈進行
②allied adj.（第二次世界大戰）同盟國的
troop n.部隊；軍隊
③（be） made up of 由……組成
④mark v.標志；表明
⑤stage n.階段；時期
⑥top-secret adj.絕密的
a top-secret operation 絕密行動
⑦combined adj.聯合的
combination n.結合，組合
⑧free ...from 將……從……中解放出來；使……擺脫……
⑨occupation n.侵占，占領
⑩issue v.宣布，公布
commander n.指揮官，長官
have （ ...） confidence in 對……有信心
nothing less than 簡直是；極其；不亞于
ring v.回響，響徹
prepare for 為……做準備
at dawn 在黎明，清晨
parachute n.降落傘
journey n.&v.（尤指長途）旅行
journey across 穿越，穿過
the English Channel英吉利海峽
objective n.目的，目標
in the depths of 在……的深處；深陷……
violence n.暴力
violent adj.狂暴的，兇暴的
horror n.驚恐
make it 獲得成功；準時到達
recall v.回想，回憶起
barely adv.勉強才能
cost n.（為做某事涉及的）努力，代價，損失
success n.成功的事
be seen as 被看作
liberate v.解放（城市、國家等）
remove ...from 把……從……中去除
meet up with （按照安排）與……會合，見面
memorial adj.紀念的，追悼的
solemn adj.嚴肅的，莊重的
occasion n.場合
weary v.（使）非常疲倦
condemn v.迫使（某人）處于不幸的境地
outstanding adj.杰出的，優秀的
【參考譯文】
諾曼底登陸
1944年春天，第二次世界大戰的戰火已經席卷全球大約五年之久。但是在英格蘭的南部海岸正發生著不尋常的事情：由英國、加拿大和美國士兵組成的盟軍正在大量聚集。這標志著一場計劃了數月，甚至可能是數年的絕密行動終于進入了最后階段。這次作戰行動的代號為“霸王行動”，它是歷史上規模最大的海、陸、空三方力量集結的行動，目的是解放德國占領的歐洲西北部地區。在確保天氣、月亮和潮水三者達到最佳結合點后，“霸王行動”最終定在了6月6日。
　　盟軍最高司令艾森豪威爾將軍在鼓舞軍隊士氣時說道：“你們的任務將不會輕松。敵人訓練有素、武器精良，而且久經沙場……但今年是1944年……時局已經發生轉變！全世界自由的人們正在一起向勝利前進！我對你們的勇氣、責任心和作戰能力十分有信心。我們將迎接的只會是徹底的勝利！”
盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的準備。6月6日清晨，數千名士兵在法國北部空降在敵人后方。與此同時，更有數千名士兵在戰斗機的保護下，穿越英吉利海峽，在諾曼底登陸。他們的目標十分明確：到達法國海岸線約80千米外的諾曼底海灘。但就算是深陷戰爭，也很少有人能夠做好準備，面臨即將發生的殘暴和恐怖。
　　奧馬哈海灘的情況最不容樂觀。敵人藏身于各個地方，準備在盟軍登陸前就開始進攻。船被擊翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陸的人面對的則是機關槍的猛烈掃射。上午10點左右已有上百人在水中或在海灘上的坦克之間陣亡。一名士兵事后回憶他是如何在轟炸中僥幸脫險的：“我是第一個沖出來的人，第七個沖出來的士兵是第二個穿過海灘沒有被擊中的，我倆之間的士兵全被擊中了，其中有兩人死亡，三人受傷。真的是要有天大的幸運才能躲過這一劫。”
盡管傷亡慘重，諾曼底登陸還是取得了成功，并且被人們普遍視為第二次世界大戰結束的開端。在1944年8月底，盟軍抵達塞納河，解放了巴黎，從法國西北部趕走了德國人。之后盟軍準備進攻德國，而蘇聯軍隊也正從德國東部攻入，兩軍相遇。
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利海峽兩岸，人們共同參加紀念儀式。在莊重感人的儀式上，一位當時參戰的老兵向眾人朗讀了勞倫斯·比尼恩《謹獻給陣亡將士》一詩中的一段：
我們會日漸衰老，但他們永遠不會老去：
他們永遠不為年齡所難，永遠不為歲月所累。
每當夕陽西下，每當清晨來臨，
我們都會想起他們。
諾曼底登陸的幸存者每年都會相聚并紀念他們在登陸那天失去的戰友和朋友。雖然每年相聚的人越來越少，但他們的英勇壯舉將會讓我們永遠銘記他們，以及那些在法國北部海灘上陣亡的士兵。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the aim of “Operation Overlord”？（　　）
A.To make up Allied troops.
B.To plan a top-secret operation.
C.To free north-west Europe from German occupation.
D.To combine weather with sea.
2.What does the sentence “The tide has turned！” in Paragraph 2 suggest？（　　）
A.The tide has gone out.
B.The tide was in Allied troops’ favour.
C.The tide of the year 1944 was extraordinary.
D.The tide tended to be severe.
3.What can we learn from the scenes one soldier recalled？（　　）
A.The fighting was very fierce.
B.The enemy were very wise.
C.Heavy machine gunfire was terrible.
D.Tanks were of little use.
4.What can we know about Laurence Binyon in the passage？（　　）
A.He was a former soldier.
B.He was a survivor.
C.He was a commander.
D.He was a poet.
5.How does the passage mainly develop？ （　　）
A.By following the order of space.
B.By following the order of time.
C.By making classifications.
D.By making comparison.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.What is the passage mainly about？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What is your feeling when reading the passage？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe a person.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1.This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had been months，perhaps years，in the planning.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.With these words ringing in their ears，Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。what引導　　　　從句，what在賓語從句中作　 　　。With these words ringing in their ears為with復合結構作　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.Boats were hit and men drowned，while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.
句式分析 本句為while連接的　　　　句。前一個分句中men drowned為　　　　句；后一個分句中，who引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany，where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。where引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。who引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞men；where引導　　　　從句，修飾先行詞the English Channel。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
commander n.指揮官，長官
【教材原句】　An order issued by Supreme Allied commander General Eisenhower to the troops read ...盟軍最高司令艾森豪威爾將軍在鼓舞軍隊士氣時說道……
【用法】
command n.　指令；命令；控制
v. 命令；控制
under one’s command 在某人的指揮下
have a good command of 精通
command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that sb （should） do sth 命令某人做某事
【佳句】　At dawn， the commander commanded the soldiers make an attack.
黎明時分，指揮官命令士兵們發動進攻。
【練透】　補全句子
①The army is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
軍隊由國王直接統帥。
②I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　English.
我的英語很好。
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③領導命令所有成員都致力于營救工作。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
nothing less than 簡直是；極其；不亞于
【教材原句】　We will accept nothing less than full Victory！ 我們將迎接的只會是徹底的勝利！
【用法】
nothing like　　　　　完全不像；根本不像
nothing more than 僅僅，不過是
nothing but 僅僅，只，只是
nothing much 不很多，不太重要
【佳句】　The beauty of that landscape is nothing less than breathtaking.
那片風景的美麗簡直令人驚嘆。
【練透】　單句語法填空/補全句子
①There’s nothing 　　　　　　candlelight for creating a romantic atmosphere.
②All he could do was 　　　　　　　　wait.
他所能做的就是等。
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③她只不過是一個普通人。
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
prepare for 為……做準備
【教材原句】　With these words ringing in their ears， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的準備。
【用法】
（1）prepare sb for sth　 使某人對某事做好準備
prepare sth 準備好某物
（2）preparation n. 準備
為……做準備
（3）prepared adj.　　　準備好的；有所準備的
be prepared for 為……做好了準備
be prepared to do sth 準備做某事；愿意做某事
【佳句】　To help us prepare for the exam， the teacher suggested us reading through our notes.
為了幫助我們準備考試，老師建議我們通讀筆記。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①People are not really prepared 　　　　　　（talk） about these kinds of personal problems.
②Standing on the starting line， the boys began to stretch out their arms and legs 　　　　　　preparation for the match.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他們已為將要發生的事情做了準備。
→They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　what will happen.（preparation）
→They 　　　　　　　　　　　　what will happen.（prepare）
→They 　　　　　　　　　　　　what will happen.（prepared）
objective n.目的，目標
【教材原句】　Their objective was clear：to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.他們的目標十分明確：到達法國海岸線約80千米外的諾曼底海灘。
【用法】
（1）object n.　　　　物體；目標；對象
v. 反對；不贊成
object to sb/sth 反對/不贊成某人/某事
object to （sb’s） doing ... 反對（某人）做……
（2）objection n. 反對；異議；不贊成
have an objection to （doing）... 對……表示反對
【佳句】　You must set a realistic objective for yourself.
你必須為自己設定一個能夠實現的目標。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It is obvious that he objects to 　　　　　（solve） frictions with violence.
②Mike decided to move to the countryside and his wife had no objection 　　　　　　it.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③這位杰出的科學家強烈反對不懂裝懂。
→The outstanding scientist strongly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　to understand.（object）
→The outstanding scientist 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to understand.（objection）
memorial adj.紀念的，追悼的
【教材原句】　Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel， where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利海峽兩岸，人們共同參加紀念儀式。
【用法】
（1）memorize v.　　　 　　記住，記憶
memorize a poem 記住一首詩
（2）memory n. 記憶力；回憶
have a good memory for 善于記憶……
in memory of 作為對……的紀念
（3）memorable adj.　　　難忘的；值得紀念的
a truly memorable occasion 非常難忘的時刻
【佳句】　The monument was built in memory of those who sacrificed their lives in the war.
這座紀念碑是為了紀念那些在戰爭中犧牲的人建立的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①One of the biggest challenges in learning English is that we should 　　　　　　（memory） so many new words every day.
②He’d a good memory 　　　　　　faces， and he was sure he hadn’t seen her before.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Last July， I went to Australia for summer vacation with my best friend Lisa， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
去年7月，我和我最好的朋友麗莎一起去澳大利亞過暑假，這對我來說真的是一次難忘的回憶。
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：獨立主格結構
【教材原句】　Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined sea， air and land operation in history， the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
這次作戰行動的代號為“霸王行動”，它是歷史上規模最大的海、陸、空三方力量集結的行動，目的是解放德國占領的歐洲西北部地區。
【用法】
句中的the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation為獨立主格結構，在句中作狀語。
（1）獨立主格結構的意義：獨立主格結構是由名詞或代詞加上分詞等構成的一種獨立結構，用來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，在句中一般作狀語。其位置比較靈活，可置于主句前、主句中、主句末。
（2）獨立主格結構的兩個特點：①獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在；②獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子分開。
（3）獨立主格結構的基本構成形式：
①名詞/代詞＋非謂語動詞（過去分詞/動詞-ing形式/動詞不定式）。
②名詞/代詞＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞。
【品悟】　The work finished， we went home.
工作完成后，我們才回家。
【寫美】　微寫作
①我們學校有三個大型多媒體教室，每個教室都配備了最新的電腦。（告知信）
We have three large multi-media classrooms in our school， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②聽到他們的計劃，伯納德高興得跳了起來，幸福和感激的淚水涌上雙眼。（動作描寫）
Hearing their plan， Bernard jumped with joy， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③由于沒有公交車，我們不得不步行回家。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we had to walk home.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.background　2.order　3.stage　4.outcome　5.brave
第二步
1－5　CBADB
第三步
1.It mainly describes the violence of the D-Day landings and the brave acts the Allied troops performed in the fighting.
2.I admire the Allied soldiers’ outstanding acts of courage and as students， we should love peace and keep peace.
第四步
　（1）The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
（2）As part of this solemn and moving occasion， a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen， by Laurence Binyon： ...
第五步
1.定語
這標志著一場計劃了數月，甚至可能是數年的絕密行動終于進入了最后階段。
2.賓語　主語　伴隨狀語
盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的準備。
3.并列　省略　定語　those
船被擊翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陸的人面對的則是機關槍的猛烈掃射。
4.定語　Germany
之后盟軍準備進攻德國，而蘇聯軍隊也正從德國東部攻入，兩軍相遇。
5.定語　定語
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利海峽兩岸，人們共同參加紀念儀式。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①under the king’s direct command　②have a good command of　③The leader commanded that all the members （should） be committed to the rescue work.
2.①like　②nothing but　③She was nothing more than an ordinary people.
3.①to talk　②in　③have made preparations for； have prepared for； have been prepared for
4.①solving　②to　③objected to pretending； had a strong objection to pretending
5.①memorize　②for　③which was really a memorable experience for me
重點句型解構
　①each equipped with the newest computers
②tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes
③There being no buses
10 / 10(共107張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
The D-DAY LANDINGS
[1]By spring 1944， the Second World War had been raging① across
the globe for about five years. But along the south coast of England，
something unusual was happening： Allied② troops made up mainly of③
British， Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large
numbers.[2]This marked④ one of the final stages⑤ of a top-secret⑥
operation that had been months， perhaps years， in the planning.
Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined⑦ sea，
air and land operation in history， [3]the aim being to free north-west
Europe from⑧ German occupation⑨.After waiting for the perfect
combination of weather， moon and tides， the date for the start of
Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
　　[1]“by＋表示過去的時間點”作時間狀語，句子謂語用過去完
成時（或過去完成進行時）。
　　[2]that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞operation。
　　[3]“名詞＋動詞-ing短語”構成的獨立主格結構。
【讀文清障】
①rage v.（暴風雨、戰斗等）猛烈地繼續；激烈進行
②allied adj.（第二次世界大戰）同盟國的
troop n.部隊；軍隊
③（be） made up of 由……組成
④mark v.標志；表明
⑤stage n.階段；時期
⑥top-secret adj.絕密的
a top-secret operation 絕密行動
⑦combined adj.聯合的
combination n.結合，組合
⑧free ...from 將……從……中解放出來；使……擺脫……
⑨occupation n.侵占，占領
An order [4]issued⑩ by Supreme Allied Commander General
Eisenhower to the troops read： “Your task will not be an easy one.Your
enemy is well trained， well equipped and battle-hardened ...But this is
the year 1944 ...The tide has turned！ The free men of the world are
marching together to Victory！ I have full confidence in your courage，
devotion to duty and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than full
Victory！”
　　[5]With these words ringing in their ears， Allied soldiers prepared
for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June，
thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern
France.Meanwhile， thousands more were journeying across the
English Channel to Normandy， protected by fighter planes in the skies
above them.Their objective was clear： to reach the Normandy beaches
along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.But even in the depths of
war， few could have been prepared for the violence and horror
[6]they would experience there.
　　[4]過去分詞短語issued by ...作后置定語。
[5]With these words ringing in their ears是with復合結構作狀語；
what引導賓語從句，且在從句中作主語。
　　[6]they would experience there是省略了關系代詞that或which的定
語從句。
⑩issue v.宣布，公布
commander n.指揮官，長官
have （ ...） confidence in 對……有信心
nothing less than 簡直是；極其；不亞于
ring v.回響，響徹
prepare for 為……做準備
at dawn 在黎明，清晨
parachute n.降落傘
journey n.&v.（尤指長途）旅行
journey across 穿越，穿過
the English Channel英吉利海峽
objective n.目的，目標
in the depths of 在……的深處；深陷……
violence n.暴力
violent adj.狂暴的，兇暴的
horror n.驚恐
The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding，
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.[7]Boats
were hit and men drowned， while those who did make it to the beach
faced heavy machine gunfire. By mid-morning， hundreds lay dead in the
water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled [8]how
he barely made it with bombs falling all around him： “I was the first
one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without
being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed； three were
injured.That’s how lucky you had to be.”
　　[7]while連接并列句，意為“而，然而”，表示對比；who引導
定語從句。
　　[8]how引導賓語從句，且句中含有with復合結構。
But， despite the high cost in human life， the D-Day landings
were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the
Second World War.By the end of August 1944， the Allies had reached
the River Seine， Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed
from north-west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter
Germany， [9]where they would meet up with the Soviet military
moving in from the east.
Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day gathered on
both sides of the English Channel， where people were coming together
for memorial ceremonies.As part of this solemn and moving occasion
， a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For
the Fallen， by Laurence Binyon：
They shall grow not old， as we that are left grow old：
Age shall not weary them， nor the years condemn .
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the
fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.[10]Although each year they
are fewer in number， their outstanding acts of courage mean that we
will always remember them — as well as those who lost their lives on the
beaches of northern France.
　　[9]where引導定語從句；動詞-ing短語moving in from the east作
后置定語。
[10]Although引導讓步狀語從句；that引導賓語從句；who引導
定語從句，修飾先行詞those。
make it 獲得成功；準時到達
recall v.回想，回憶起
barely adv.勉強才能
cost n.（為做某事涉及的）努力，代價，損失
success n.成功的事
be seen as 被看作
liberate v.解放（城市、國家等）
remove ...from 把……從……中去除
meet up with （按照安排）與……會合，見面
memorial adj.紀念的，追悼的
solemn adj.嚴肅的，莊重的
occasion n.場合
weary v.（使）非常疲倦
condemn v.迫使（某人）處于不幸的境地
outstanding adj.杰出的，優秀的
【參考譯文】
諾曼底登陸
1944年春天，第二次世界大戰的戰火已經席卷全球大約五年之
久。但是在英格蘭的南部海岸正發生著不尋常的事情：由英國、加拿
大和美國士兵組成的盟軍正在大量聚集。這標志著一場計劃了數月，
甚至可能是數年的絕密行動終于進入了最后階段。這次作戰行動的代
號為“霸王行動”，它是歷史上規模最大的海、陸、空三方力量集結
的行動，目的是解放德國占領的歐洲西北部地區。在確保天氣、月亮
和潮水三者達到最佳結合點后，“霸王行動”最終定在了6月6日。
盟軍最高司令艾森豪威爾將軍在鼓舞軍隊士氣時說道：“你們的
任務將不會輕松。敵人訓練有素、武器精良，而且久經沙場……但今
年是1944年……時局已經發生轉變！全世界自由的人們正在一起向勝
利前進！我對你們的勇氣、責任心和作戰能力十分有信心。我們將迎
接的只會是徹底的勝利！”
盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的準備。6
月6日清晨，數千名士兵在法國北部空降在敵人后方。與此同時，
更有數千名士兵在戰斗機的保護下，穿越英吉利海峽，在諾曼底
登陸。他們的目標十分明確：到達法國海岸線約80千米外的諾曼
底海灘。但就算是深陷戰爭，也很少有人能夠做好準備，面臨即
將發生的殘暴和恐怖。
　　奧馬哈海灘的情況最不容樂觀。敵人藏身于各個地方，準備在盟
軍登陸前就開始進攻。船被擊翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陸
的人面對的則是機關槍的猛烈掃射。上午10點左右已有上百人在水中
或在海灘上的坦克之間陣亡。一名士兵事后回憶他是如何在轟炸中僥
幸脫險的：“我是第一個沖出來的人，第七個沖出來的士兵是第二個
穿過海灘沒有被擊中的，我倆之間的士兵全被擊中了，其中有兩人死
亡，三人受傷。真的是要有天大的幸運才能躲過這一劫。”
盡管傷亡慘重，諾曼底登陸還是取得了成功，并且被人們普遍視
為第二次世界大戰結束的開端。在1944年8月底，盟軍抵達塞納河，
解放了巴黎，從法國西北部趕走了德國人。之后盟軍準備進攻德國，
而蘇聯軍隊也正從德國東部攻入，兩軍相遇。
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利海峽兩岸，
人們共同參加紀念儀式。在莊重感人的儀式上，一位當時參戰的老兵
向眾人朗讀了勞倫斯·比尼恩《謹獻給陣亡將士》一詩中的一段：
我們會日漸衰老，但他們永遠不會老去：
他們永遠不為年齡所難，永遠不為歲月所累。
每當夕陽西下，每當清晨來臨，
我們都會想起他們。
諾曼底登陸的幸存者每年都會相聚并紀念他們在登陸那天失去的
戰友和朋友。雖然每年相聚的人越來越少，但他們的英勇壯舉將會讓
我們永遠銘記他們，以及那些在法國北部海灘上陣亡的士兵。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly
and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What is the aim of “Operation Overlord”？（　　）
A. To make up Allied troops.
B. To plan a top-secret operation.
C. To free north-west Europe from German occupation.
D. To combine weather with sea.
2. What does the sentence “The tide has turned！” in Paragraph 2
suggest？（　　）
A. The tide has gone out.
B. The tide was in Allied troops’ favour.
C. The tide of the year 1944 was extraordinary.
D. The tide tended to be severe.
3. What can we learn from the scenes one soldier recalled？（　　）
A. The fighting was very fierce.
B. The enemy were very wise.
C. Heavy machine gunfire was terrible.
D. Tanks were of little use.
4. What can we know about Laurence Binyon in the passage？（　　）
A. He was a former soldier.
B. He was a survivor.
C. He was a commander.
D. He was a poet.
5. How does the passage mainly develop？ （　　）
A. By following the order of space.
B. By following the order of time.
C. By making classifications.
D. By making comparison.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. What is the passage mainly about？


2. What is your feeling when reading the passage？


　It mainly describes the violence of the D-Day landings and the brave
acts the Allied troops performed in the fighting.　
　I admire the Allied soldiers’ outstanding acts of courage and as
students， we should love peace and keep peace.　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe a person.





　（1）The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even
before they reached land.　
　（2）As part of this solemn and moving occasion， a former soldier
read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen， by
Laurence Binyon： ...　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1. This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had
been months，perhaps years，in the planning.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。that引導 從句。
自主翻譯

定語　
這標志著一場計劃了數月，甚至可能是數年的絕密行
動終于進入了最后階段。　
2. With these words ringing in their ears，Allied soldiers prepared for
what would become known as D-Day.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。what引導 從句，what在賓
語從句中作 。With these words ringing in their ears為with復
合結構作 。
自主翻譯

賓語　
主語　
伴隨狀語　
盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的
準備。　
3. Boats were hit and men drowned，while those who did make it to the
beach faced heavy machine gunfire.
句式分析 本句為while連接的 句。前一個分句中men
drowned為 句；后一個分句中，who引導 從句，
修飾先行詞 。
自主翻譯

并列　
省略　
定語　
those　
船被擊翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陸的人面
對的則是機關槍的猛烈掃射。　
4. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany，where they would
meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。where引導 從句，修飾先行
詞 。
自主翻譯

定語　
Germany　
之后盟軍準備進攻德國，而蘇聯軍隊也正從德國東部
攻入，兩軍相遇。　
5. Seventy years later，men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both
sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for
memorial ceremonies.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。who引導 從句，修飾先行詞
men；where引導 從句，修飾先行詞the English Channel。
自主翻譯

定語　
定語　
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利
海峽兩岸，人們共同參加紀念儀式。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
commander n.指揮官，長官
【教材原句】　An order issued by Supreme Allied commander General
Eisenhower to the troops read ...
盟軍最高司令艾森豪威爾將軍在鼓舞軍隊士氣時說道……
【用法】
command n.　　指令；命令；控制
v.　　命令；控制
under one’s command　　在某人的指揮下
have a good command of　　精通
command sb to do sth　　命令某人做某事
command that sb （should） do sth　　命令某人做某事
【佳句】　At dawn， the commander commanded the soldiers make an
attack.
黎明時分，指揮官命令士兵們發動進攻。
【練透】　補全句子
①The army is .
軍隊由國王直接統帥。
②I English.
我的英語很好。
under the king’s direct command　
have a good command of　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③領導命令所有成員都致力于營救工作。


　The leader commanded that all the members （should） be committed
to the rescue work.　
nothing less than 簡直是；極其；不亞于
【教材原句】　We will accept nothing less than full Victory！ 我們將
迎接的只會是徹底的勝利！
【用法】
nothing like　　完全不像；根本不像
nothing more than　　僅僅，不過是
nothing but　　僅僅，只，只是
nothing much　　不很多，不太重要
【佳句】　The beauty of that landscape is nothing less than
breathtaking.
那片風景的美麗簡直令人驚嘆。
【練透】　單句語法填空/補全句子
①There’s nothing candlelight for creating a romantic
atmosphere.
②All he could do was wait.
他所能做的就是等。
like　
nothing but　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③她只不過是一個普通人。

She was nothing more than an ordinary people.　
prepare for 為……做準備
【教材原句】　With these words ringing in their ears， Allied soldiers
prepared for what would become known as D-Day.盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著
這些話語，做好了登陸諾曼底的準備。
【用法】
【佳句】　To help us prepare for the exam， the teacher suggested us
reading through our notes.
為了幫助我們準備考試，老師建議我們通讀筆記。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①People are not really prepared （talk） about these kinds of
personal problems.
②Standing on the starting line， the boys began to stretch out their arms
and legs preparation for the match.
to talk　
in　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他們已為將要發生的事情做了準備。
→They what will happen.
（preparation）
→They what will happen.（prepare）
→They what will happen.（prepared）
have made preparations for　
have prepared for　
have been prepared for　
objective n.目的，目標
【教材原句】　Their objective was clear：to reach the Normandy
beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.他們的目標十分明
確：到達法國海岸線約80千米外的諾曼底海灘。
【用法】
（1）object n.　　物體；目標；對象
v.　　反對；不贊成
object to sb/sth　　反對/不贊成某人/某事
object to （sb’s） doing ...　　反對（某人）做……
（2）objection n.　　反對；異議；不贊成
have an objection to （doing）...　　對……表示反對
【佳句】　You must set a realistic objective for yourself.
你必須為自己設定一個能夠實現的目標。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It is obvious that he objects to （solve） frictions with
violence.
②Mike decided to move to the countryside and his wife had no
objection it.
solving　
to　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③這位杰出的科學家強烈反對不懂裝懂。
→The outstanding scientist strongly to
understand.（object）
→The outstanding scientist to
understand.（objection）
objected to pretending　
had a strong objection to pretending　
memorial adj.紀念的，追悼的
【教材原句】　Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day
gathered on both sides of the English Channel， where people were
coming together for memorial ceremonies.
70年后，曾在諾曼底登陸中奮戰的將士聚集在英吉利海峽兩岸，人們
共同參加紀念儀式。
【用法】
（1）memorize v.　　記住，記憶
memorize a poem　　記住一首詩
（2）memory n.　　記憶力；回憶
have a good memory for　　善于記憶……
in memory of　　作為對……的紀念
（3）memorable adj.　　難忘的；值得紀念的
a truly memorable occasion　　非常難忘的時刻
【佳句】　The monument was built in memory of those who sacrificed
their lives in the war.這座紀念碑是為了紀念那些在戰爭中犧牲的人建
立的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①One of the biggest challenges in learning English is that we
should （memory） so many new words every day.
②He’d a good memory faces， and he was sure he hadn’t seen
her before.
memorize　
for　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Last July， I went to Australia for summer vacation with my best friend
Lisa， .
去年7月，我和我最好的朋友麗莎一起去澳大利亞過暑假，這對我來
說真的是一次難忘的回憶。
which was really a memorable experience for me　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：獨立主格結構
【教材原句】　Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest
combined sea， air and land operation in history， the aim being to free
north-west Europe from German occupation.這次作戰行動的代號為
“霸王行動”，它是歷史上規模最大的海、陸、空三方力量集結的行
動，目的是解放德國占領的歐洲西北部地區。
【用法】
句中的the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation
為獨立主格結構，在句中作狀語。
（1）獨立主格結構的意義：獨立主格結構是由名詞或代詞加上分詞
等構成的一種獨立結構，用來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，在句中一
般作狀語。其位置比較靈活，可置于主句前、主句中、主句末。
（2）獨立主格結構的兩個特點：①獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子
的主語不同，它獨立存在；②獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子分
開。
（3）獨立主格結構的基本構成形式：
①名詞/代詞＋非謂語動詞（過去分詞/動詞-ing形式/動詞不定式）。
②名詞/代詞＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞。
【品悟】　The work finished， we went home.
工作完成后，我們才回家。
【寫美】　微寫作
①我們學校有三個大型多媒體教室，每個教室都配備了最新的電腦。
（告知信）
We have three large multi-media classrooms in our school，
.
②聽到他們的計劃，伯納德高興得跳了起來，幸福和感激的淚水涌上
雙眼。（動作描寫）
Hearing their plan， Bernard jumped with joy，
.
③由于沒有公交車，我們不得不步行回家。
， we had to walk home.
each
equipped with the newest computers　
tears of happiness and
gratitude welling up in his eyes　
There being no buses　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. The government decided to send more （部隊） to the
border， where they would strengthen the defense and maintain
security.
2. The （指揮官） got a chance to visit the mountain
whose top was covered with thick snow， which he had been dreaming
of for years.
troops　
commander　
3. It was reported that a rocket destroyed the enemy’s （坦
克）.
4. Grades would range from one or two，for （杰出
的） or excellent， to six or seven， for poor or very poor.
5. To （解放） the city， thousands of soldiers devoted their
lives to fighting against the enemy.
6. H ， violence and cruelty involved in some video products harm
the psychological development of children.
tanks　
outstanding　
liberate　
orror　
7. The study suggests kids who play v video games show much
more aggressive behaviour than those who don’t.
8. The main o of this meeting is to give more information on our
plans.
iolent　
bjective　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. I （bare） saw my father before I was eight so I was
somewhat lonely.
2. We are often taught to fight against （violent） and
protect peace.
3. The event marked the （liberate） of the slaves， and it
had a profound impact on the course of history.
4. The use of nuclear weapons is a （horror） threat to
human beings.
5. A （memory） service for sailors drowned at sea will be
held in the city centre at 8 am this Sunday.
barely　
violence　
liberation　
horrible　
memorial　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. We should have faith in ourselves， and believe we can
（成功） if we try our best.
2. It is known to us all that a computer （由……組
成） hundreds of different parts.
3. I think if you invest all your money in that project， it will
be （簡直是） a failure.
make it　
is made up of　
nothing less than　
4. She is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory
podium， they need to start from zero to （為……做
準備） new challenges ahead.
5. The hybrid rice succeeded in （使人們擺脫）
starvation.
6. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，
（一些樹高達90多米）.
prepare for　
freeing people from　
some measuring
over 90 metres　
維度四：課文語法填空
　　In the spring of 1944， Allied 1. （troop） made up
mainly of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in
large numbers， 2. marked one of the final stages of a top-
secret operation code-named “Operation Overlord”. The date for the
start was set for 6 June after taking weather， moon and 3.
（tide） into consideration.General Eisenhower 4. （issue）
an order before the operation to encourage the soldiers 5.
troops　
which　
tides　
issued　
（fight） bravely.Though full preparations had been made，
the 6. （violent） and horror of the battle was beyond
expectation.In the 7. （fierce） fighting at Omaha Beach，
only two in seven could make 8. to the beach.In spite 9. the
high cost in human life， the D-Day landings were a success and
10. （see） as the beginning of the end of the Second
World War.
to fight　
violence　
fiercest　
it　
of　
were seen　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In the late 1930s， people could donate blood， but very few
hospitals could store it for later use. Whole blood breaks down quickly，
and there were no methods at the time for safely preserving it. As a
result， hospitals often did not have the appropriate blood type when
patients needed it. Charles Drew， a Black surgeon and researcher，
helped solve this monumental problem for medicine， earning him the title
“Father of the Blood Bank”.
　　In 1938， while obtaining his doctorate in medicine， Drew became
a fellow at Columbia University’s Presbyterian Hospital in New York.
He studied the storage and distribution of blood， including the separation
of its components， and applied his findings to an experimental blood
bank at the hospital.
　　As Drew was finishing his degree at Columbia， World War Ⅱ was
erupting in Europe. Great Britain was asking the United States for
desperately needed plasma （血漿） to help victims. Given his
expertise， Drew was selected to be the medical director for the Blood for
Britain campaign. Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as a
model， Drew established uniform procedures and standards for collecting
blood and processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals. The
five-month campaign collected donations from 15，000 Americans and
was considered a success. His discoveries and his leadership saved
countless lives.
　　With the increasing likelihood that the nation would be drawn into
war， the United States wanted to capitalize on what Drew had learned
from the campaign. He was appointed as the assistant director of a three-
month pilot program to mass-produce dried plasma in New York， which
became the model for the first Red Cross blood bank. His innovations for
this program included mobile blood donation stations， later called
bloodmobiles.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了查爾斯·德魯找到了
處理和儲存血液的新方法，還發明了移動獻血站，幫助挽救了第二
次世界大戰期間無數的生命，因此被稱為“血庫之父”。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了查爾斯·德魯找到了
處理和儲存血液的新方法，還發明了移動獻血站，幫助挽救了第二
次世界大戰期間無數的生命，因此被稱為“血庫之父”。
1. What problem did hospitals face in the late 1930s regarding blood
donations？（　　）
A. The shortage of blood donors.
B. The inability to preserve blood.
C. The challenge of blood infection.
D. The failure to identify blood types.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第一段第一句可知，在20世紀30年代
末，醫院面臨的問題是無法儲存血液。
2. How did Drew contribute to the Blood for Britain campaign？（　　）
A. He gathered different standards for the blood collection.
B. He worked on the bloodmobiles for easy access to donors.
C. He helped send life-saving drugs overseas to aid in the war.
D. He organized the collection and processing of blood plasma.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第三段中的Using Presbyterian
Hospital’s blood bank as ... processing blood plasma from nine New
York hospitals.可知，德魯組織了血漿的收集和處理。
3. Which of the following best describes the three-month pilot program？
（　　）
A. Groundbreaking. B. Unpredictable.
C. Economical. D. Controversial.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，這個為期三
個月的試點項目成為第一個紅十字會血庫的模型，德魯在這個項目
中貢獻了創新方法。由此可推出，這個試點項目具有開創性。
4. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. The Life of Dr Charles Drew
B. The Inventor of the Blood Bank
C. A Savior of Lives During Wartime
D. A Pioneer in Blood Transportation
解析： 　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了查爾斯·德
魯找到了處理和儲存血液的新方法，還發明了移動獻血站，幫助挽
救了第二次世界大戰期間無數的生命，因此被稱為“血庫之父”。
由此可推出，B項（血庫的發明者）最適合作本文標題。
B
　　During the 1910s， the Great War broke out. A 25-year-old American
soldier probably never thought that his life would change forever when he
volunteered to go to France.
　　One night while the American troops were returning to the base after a
bloody fight， Suleyman stumbled to the ground and noticed a bit of
movement from the bush. Being stuck between two choices， either an
enemy or an animal， Suleyman found a five-year-old girl from the bush
trembling with cold and utmost horror. Due to the atrocity of the war，
the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed.
　　During the war， it was impossible to find the child’s family so
Suleyman took this little French girl under his wings and gave her an
American name Flora which meant the flower. Soon， Flora became the
apple of the eye of everyone living in the army camp.
　　For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable；
however， every fairy tale came to an end.When the war ended，
Suleyman was sent back to the USA， while Flora was put in an
orphanage， the Normandy School， which was founded by the American
government for orphaned French children to have an education.
　　For years， Suleyman always thought about Flora. When the French
National Olympic Team was playing in the Summer Olympics in Los
Angeles in 1984， Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping
to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.
　　At the age of 85， Suleyman attended the 60th anniversary reception
of the Great War where Suleyman shared his story with American and
French officials. After hearing his story， a French journalist started to
investigate the story， and all government files were read in detail. The
moment the journalist helped dial the number， in tears， Flora said
Suleyman was her hero， and everything came flooding back to her.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了第一次世界大戰爆發
時，25歲的美國士兵Suleyman救了一個女孩，取名Flora。后來Flora
被送入孤兒院，兩人分開。多年后，兩人再次取得了聯系。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了第一次世界大戰爆發
時，25歲的美國士兵Suleyman救了一個女孩，取名Flora。后來Flora
被送入孤兒院，兩人分開。多年后，兩人再次取得了聯系。
5. What does the underlined word “atrocity” in Paragraph 2 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Cruelty. B. Challenge.
C. Range. D. Stress.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文of the war， the girl was
abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed可知，這個
女孩被家人拋棄，整個村莊的人都被殺了。由此可知，戰爭血雨腥
風、十分殘酷，故畫線詞意為“殘酷”。cruelty殘酷；challenge挑
戰；range范圍；stress壓力。
6. Why did Suleyman watch the 1984 Summer Olympics？（　　）
A. Because Flora might be in the French team.
B. Because Suleyman was greatly interested in sports.
C. Because Flora might be watching the event.
D. Because Suleyman wanted to travel to Los Angeles.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的When the French
National Olympic Team ...Suleyman gazed through the audience on
TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.可知，
Suleyman觀看1984年夏季奧運會是因為Flora可能在看比賽。
7. What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A. Flora and Suleyman became attached to each other.
B. Flora was sent to an orphanage called Normandy.
C. Suleyman found some animals in the bush.
D. Suleyman would never see Flora again.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第四段中的For one and a half years，
Flora and Suleyman became inseparable可知，一年半的時間里，
Flora和Suleyman形影不離。
8. Which can serve as the best title for the text？（　　）
A. A Tough Flower in the War
B. The Influence of the War
C. The Lost and Found Love
D. The Apple of the Father’s Eye
解析： 　標題歸納題。根據文章內容可知，本文講述了一個美國
士兵在第一次世界大戰期間救了一個法國小女孩，兩人在一年半的
時間里形影不離，后因故分開，最后又取得了聯系的故事。由此可
知，C項（失而復得的愛）適合作本文最佳標題。
C
　　On the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day landings， I found
myself on Omaha Beach， leading a small band of college students into
the past.
　　For more than 20 years， my co-workers and I have taken students
from the University of Texas at Austin to Europe as the highlight of half-
year-long study of World War Ⅱ. There’s nothing like being there to
discover what happened there 77 years ago or how much it can teach us
today.
　　We board a bus and enter the American cemetery （墓地）.A staff
member greets us and tells us about the 9，380 graveyards here. We turn
to face the cemetery as the national anthem （國歌） plays over the
loudspeaker. Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who
flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer
of 1944.
　　Each student receives a yellow rose to place at the grave of a Texan
soldier. The headstones give us only the name， rank， unit， home state
and date of death. We can guess how old they were， for the students are
about the same age.
　　We return to the beach and look at the peaceful scene that we know
was anything but peaceful 77 years ago. “Bloody Omaha” was the
deadliest beach of the landings. More than 2，400 Americans were killed
or wounded， or went missing in action. No one who survived ever forgot
it.
　　Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of
war， both humans and materials. They face a world different from the
one their grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived in but just as complex
and even more dangerous. Pandemics， pollution and the threat of climate
change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.
　　I have faith in this young generation.We can learn much from the D-
Day landings and World WarⅡ about the importance of alliances （聯
盟）， the value of cooperation and the meaning of courage. As it turns
out， learning from the past is a matter of moment today.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。“我”和同事們在諾曼底登陸紀念
日前夕帶領學生開展游學活動，引導學生感悟英勇頑強、奉獻犧牲
的精神。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。“我”和同事們在諾曼底登陸紀念
日前夕帶領學生開展游學活動，引導學生感悟英勇頑強、奉獻犧牲
的精神。
9. What did the author do on the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day
landings？（　　）
A. She went to Europe with old soldiers.
B. She visited the American cemetery in Texas.
C. She gave a course on World War Ⅱ.
D. She took students on a study tour to Omaha Beach.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第一、二段內容可知，二十多年來，
作者都會帶學生來到奧馬哈海灘開展游學活動。
10. What can we know about the author’s father？（　　）
A. He was a Texan soldier.
B. He was buried in this graveyard.
C. He died when performing a mission.
D. He served in the air force during World War Ⅱ .
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的Tears well up in my eyes
at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France
and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.可知，作者的父親
在第二次世界大戰期間曾執行了30次飛行任務。由此推斷，作者
的父親二戰期間在空軍服役。
11. Why is the number of Americans mentioned in Paragraph 5？
（　　）
A. To explain their love for traveling.
B. To show their sacrifices in the mission.
C. To honor them for fighting for the country.
D. To praise them for bringing the beach into peace.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“Bloody Omaha” was
the deadliest beach of the landings.以及第六段中的Our students
understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both
humans and materials.可知，此次戰爭十分慘烈，美國人作出了巨
大的犧牲。由此可知，列數字是為了表明美國人在這次任務中的
犧牲。
12. What does the author feel about the world faced by this young
generation？（　　）
A. Peaceful. B. Eventful.
C. Fast-changing. D. Fully-globalized.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據第六段中的Pandemics，pollution and
the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous
generation has faced.可知，作者認為，年輕一代身處的世界充滿
挑戰，發生了很多重大事件，變故也很多。peaceful和平的；
eventful多變故的；fast-changing快速變化的；fully-globalized完全
全球化的。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Sheri Rosenblum learned about the Holocaust （納粹大屠殺） the
same way most kids did.13.（　　）.“It was like watching a horror
movie. I really did not understand it. It was totally the wrong way to be
introduced to it，” she said.14.（　　）.Sheri works at the Jewish
Partisan Educational Foundation （JPEF）， an organization focusing on
teaching students about the thousands of Jews who fought back against
Hitler’s plans to kill them.
　　During World War Ⅱ， as many as 30，000 Jews joined resistance
groups throughout Europe. Known as partisans （游擊隊員）， they
formed their own fighting units and also joined non-Jewish partisan armies
to fight against Hitler’s forces. 15.（　　）.Eta Wrobel， a 20-year-
old Jewish girl， escaped into the woods and helped form an all-Jewish
partisan unit. Some partisans were even younger. In France， 12-year-old
Bernard Musmand helped the Jewish Resistance by working as a courier
（通訊員）. At age 13， he joined partisan military actions against the
Nazis， according to the JPEF.
　　These are all kinds of stories that the JPEF is working to spread.The
organization has interviewed dozens of former Jewish partisans about their
experiences during the Holocaust. 16.（　　）.“Students will say，‘I
always pictured the Jews as victims. However， learning about this as a
young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish，’” she said.
　　There are lessons for non-Jewish students too， of course.17.
（　　）：young people can make a difference； stand up to oppression
（壓迫） early before it’s too late； never give up.
A. Many of them were youngsters
B. Unfortunately， this is the truth
C. Most of the partisans were Jewish girls
D. Now she’s working to tell a different part of this history
E. Sheri said that sharing the stories with Jewish students is invaluable
F. She was taught about the violent act of Nazi camps and shown pictures
of Jewish survivors
G. Jewish partisans told the JPEF they hoped future generations would
take three things from their example
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。謝瑞·羅森布盧姆致力于宣傳猶太
游擊隊員反抗納粹暴行的歷史故事，為當代青少年呈現出不同于以
往的歷史視角。
13. F　F項提到的the violent act of Nazi camps與該空后一句提到的It
was like watching a horror movie.相呼應，指出主人公謝瑞·羅森布盧姆
和其他孩子一樣受到的戰爭教育強化了納粹的暴行和猶太人的軟弱，
符合語境。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。謝瑞·羅森布盧姆致力于宣傳猶太
游擊隊員反抗納粹暴行的歷史故事，為當代青少年呈現出不同于以
往的歷史視角。
14. D　根據空后一句可知，謝瑞向學生們宣揚猶太人反抗希特勒屠
殺計劃的歷史，D項提到她努力講述這段歷史的不同部分，與上文It
was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it相呼應，符合語境。
15. A　根據下文Some partisans were even younger.可知，許多游擊隊
員是年輕人，故A項符合語境。
16. E　根據下文learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel
proud to be Jewish可知，了解這些歷史故事讓猶太學生產生民族
自豪感。因此，分享這些歷史故事對猶太學生來說是極有用的，
故E項符合語境。
17. G　該空后提到了這些歷史給非猶太學生的三個啟示，這與G項中
的three things相呼應。
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