資源簡介

UNIT 2　A life’s work
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.My Chinese teacher knew my 　　　　　（著迷） with reading and made sure I had great books to read.
2.They have just returned from 　　　　　　（遙遠的） places with wonderful stories to tell.
3.People waited outside for the chance to see some 　　　　　?。耍?
4.The 　　　　　?。ㄊ称冯s貨店） is not on business for the night； we’ll have to come back tomorrow.
5.The distinction between c　　　　　　 and fine art is more controversial.
6.Before going into their meeting， the six foreign ministers p　　　　　　 for photographs.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.The 　　　　　　（fascinate） lay in the mystery of what was inside the box.
2.In the 1980s， shoulder pads were very 　　　?。╢ashion） in women’s clothes.
3.He was an 　　　　　?。╟omplicated） person who felt happy when he was with his friends and family.
4.I would like to thank all of you who made the effort.It is a relief that employees show their 　　　　　?。╠evote） to their jobs.
5.In American English “　　　　　　 （grocer） store” is often used to mean “supermarket”.
6.A few days later， Professor Waterman， an 　　　　　?。╝nthropology） from the University of California， came to see him.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Facing up to your problems 　　　　　　　?。ǘ皇牵?running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
2.The newly discovered notes are 　　　　　　　（僅僅，只不過） Lang’s personal journal.
3.It is the doctors’ 　　　　　　　?。▽Α姆瞰I） the patients that makes the miracle happen.
4.You must continue to see them 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?。o論你和他們之間有多大的分歧）.
5.With a different theme each year， the International Day of Families is observed with 　　　　　　　　　　　　?。◤V泛的活動）.
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （正是在你的幫助下） I made such rapid progress in English.
維度四：課文語法填空
Bill Cunningham， who looked ordinary， was one of the 1.　　　　　 （important） American photographers of the last 50 years.What made Cunningham so great？ He usually found 2.　　　　　　 （inspire） where others could not， in simple， everyday scenes.These things were real， and it was within their reality 3.　　　　　　 Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his fascination with what people 4.　　　　　　 （wear）， and not who they were， he opened the doors of fashion to everyone — fashion as he saw it 5.　　　　　　 （belong） to the people， not just to high society and big 6.　　　　　 （brand）. Moreover， 7.　　　　　 made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer， he lived a simple life.Cunningham never accepted the benefits 8.　　　　　　 （offer） to him for being a fashion photographer， which kept Cunningham 9.　　　　　　 （focus） on his craft.Cunningham’s passion 10.　　　　　　 photography lasted throughout his life.Cunningham was an observer， and not one of the observed， a worker not a star — and this was how he wanted it.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　?。?024·河南平頂山高二上期末）Sadaf’s childhood was happy.She enjoyed going to school and meeting her friends.But one day， she returned home running a high temperature.
　　“We thought it was regular flu.But we were told that I would not be able to walk ever again now，” she recalls.
　　Sadaf was just 10 years old then.After the family was turned down by doctors in Kashmir， they went to Mumbai， where an operation was performed to treat her legs.But eventually， Sadaf had to rely on a wheelchair to move around.By this time， she had to discontinue her education.
　　Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away.“Everyone except my father doubted my capabilities.But he always encouraged me to dream big.I missed him.”
　　“There were days when I would end up crying all day， sitting alone in my room.I was getting into depression，” she says.
　　“By now， I’ve realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself.I chose the latter.I wanted to prove to the world that people like me can also achieve something.I had just lost my ability to walk， not my ability to use my brain，” she adds.
　　That is when Sadaf decided to step up for herself.In 2015， she opened a shop but had to shut it a couple of years later as the work affected her eyesight.She says，“But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I decided to play basketball as well.I have also been awarded multiple times by the Jammu and Kashmir Basketball Association.”
　　Recently， Sadaf tried selling unique spices of the Kashmir valley.“Today， I have established my own business without anyone’s emotional or financial support.People would question me what I could achieve sitting in a wheelchair， when their educated and able-bodied children sat idly （閑散地）.Now the very same people give my example to others，” she says.
　　Sadaf believes that people with disabilities should never doubt themselves.“If you hear others say something not so positive， you may end up depressed.Instead of living within the confines （限制） of a room， try to prove yourself，” she advises.
1.What did Sadaf lose after her father’s death？（　?。?br/>A.Walking ability. B.Financial support.
C.Spiritual backing. D.Precious eyesight.
2.Why did Sadaf try basketball？（　?。?br/>A.To build up her body.
B.To prove herself.
C.To win awards.
D.To pursue her dream.
3.Which of the following can best describe Sadaf？（　?。?br/>A.Talented but inflexible.
B.Disabled but learned.
C.Independent and honest.
D.Determined and capable.
4.What message can we get from Sadaf’s story？（　?。?br/>A.A fine example has limitless power.
B.Do not let your disability rule you.
C.Encouragement is the source of power.
D.Do not put all your eggs in one basket.
B
　　Over the past three years， Kang Jian has created more than 400 dough sculptures （面塑） and become a city-level inheritor （傳承人） of this intangible cultural heritage in Mohe， Heilongjiang Province.
　　“When I was a little boy， every time my parents made dumplings， they would give me a small piece of dough，” he said.“I tried to make various animals — a rabbit， a fish， or a snail.The small， simple objects brought me lots of good childhood memories and planted the seeds of fine art， especially sculpture， in my heart.” Kang’s parents were not financially （財務上） able to support his desire to study fine arts while he was at school.But he didn’t give up.He spent his spare time after school studying drawing by himself.
　　Then， in December 2018， during a visit to a museum in Beijing， Kang， for the first time， got information about the intangible cultural heritage of dough sculpting， which attracted him greatly.“I was really excited to learn about dough sculpting，” he said.“Then I had the idea of taking my childhood interest up again.” He then spent 20 days learning skills from Bai Chunyu， a provincial-level inheritor of dough sculpting.And in August 2019， he got the chance to learn from another national-level inheritor.
　　Kang spent nearly all his spare time practicing， hoping to improve quickly.“To learn as much as possible during my 40 days there， I practiced every day from 6 am until late at night，” he said.“When I slept， I had to put my hands in hot water to relieve the pain.But all the efforts turned out to be worth it.”
　　In April， Kang completed the dough sculptures of 108 characters from the novel Outlaws of the Marsh after 16 months of work.“Most of my dough sculptures are traditional Chinese characters.In my mind， the real value of my dough sculpture as a national intangible cultural heritage lies in its connection with traditional Chinese culture.That’s the charm and significance of the art，” he said.
5.What inspired Kang to have the dream of dough sculpting？（　?。?br/>A.His talent for drawing.
B.His admiration for Bai’s skills.
C.His parents’ encouragement and support.
D.His childhood experiences with dough.
6.What did Kang do to learn dough sculpting？（　?。?br/>A.He sought guidance from masters.
B.He paid frequent visits to museums.
C.He got formal training at an art school.
D.He sought help from many sculpting lovers.
7.What does Kang probably think of his learning of dough sculpting？（　?。?br/>A.Tiring but rewarding.
B.Costly and stressful.
C.Effective and smooth.
D.Boring but productive.
8.Why does Kang like making dough sculptures of Chinese characters？（　　）
A.To get more recognition.
B.To attract more enthusiasts.
C.To better express Chinese culture.
D.To improve skills with familiar characters.
C
　　Whenever I talk about personality in relation to choosing a career， some people complain like this： Those tests are so stupid. When I was in the sixth grade， I took one of them and it said that I should be a farmer. While I don’t think I would be a very good farmer， the results are probably a lot more accurate than I’d like to admit. At the time， it seemed unreasonable — I hated the outdoors and physical activities. Now， I think it might have had some points that fit my personality： I like planning （good for planning how to grow crops）， working by myself （for those long days on an agricultural machine）， and sometimes working on a team （for harvest time）.
Watch out for any personality test that claims to be able to tell you what your dream job is by the type of animal you’d like to be， or from your favourite breakfast food as a child. While there are many personality assessments that are accurate， I’d like to say that they are a second step. The best choice is self-assessment.
Before finding ways to know your work preferences， it’s important to make a clear difference between liking a topic and liking the work. I once met a third-year marine biology student at a large state school in Ohio. He was placed into the Whale Watch Program， where he found out that he became violently seasick on any kind of boat — a big disadvantage for a student who thought he wanted to study whales in the wild.
The best match is a career in which the major tasks of the work are the tasks you most enjoy doing and the topic is one of your favourites. If that career doesn’t exist， my advice would be to take the job where there is a skill match. In this way， you will succeed at the basic tasks of your job and perhaps become interested in it.
9.What is some people’s opinion on choosing a career through personality tests？（　　）
A.It’s possible to lead to career failure.
B.It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C.It’s unreasonable.
D.It’s worth a try.
10.What does the author think of the personality test she took when she was young？（　?。?br/>A.She admits it forecasts her present job accurately.
B.She thinks it shows some parts of her personality.
C.She finds it helpless for her.
D.She has little interest in it.
11.What is the best way to know your dream job？（　?。?br/>A.Taking personality tests on your favourite things.
B.Doing accurate personality assessments.
C.Trying your dream job in practice.
D.Finding it out by yourself.
12.Why was the marine biology student unsuitable for his job？（　?。?br/>A.Because he disliked the job.
B.Because he felt sea sick traveling on a boat.
C.Because he was afraid of marine animals.
D.Because he knew little about his preferences.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　In science， advances are a daily occurrence， but true breakthroughs are rare.What does it take to achieve world-changing scientific breakthroughs？ Some are the result of a lucky accident， combined with curiosity.Scientists traveling down one road suddenly find reason to switch to another road， one they have never planned to travel — a road that may well lead nowhere.
　　13.（　?。?One day， usually initially in their career， they get an idea they can’t stop thinking about.It’s crazy， they say to themselves， but is it really impossible？ They talk to respected colleagues who often remind them of all the reasons that their ideas might not work， and how damaging this could be to their career.Yet， the idea won’t die and they are determined to travel that road — a road that may well lead nowhere.14.（　?。?br/>　　Whichever road scientists who achieve lifesaving breakthroughs travel， they often endure disinterest， like Fleming， who discovered penicillin （青霉素） due to lucky accidents and curiosity， or repeated skepticism and rejection， like Karikó， who made all mRNA vaccines possible with years of persistence and resilience.By bringing their dreams to life， they were rewarded with fame， wealth and something even more valuable.15.（　　）
　　Of course， the obsession （癡迷） with an unlikely dream fails to pay off for many scientists.16.（　?。?Nature doesn’t turn out to operate the way they have predicted it.In the end， their beautiful theory is killed by brutal facts.For those dreamers on the right track， they would have achieved their dreams — if only they had done the experiment a little differently， if only they had persisted a little longer， or if only the support for their work had not run out.
　　Ultimately， scientific breakthroughs are possible only if a society is willing to invest in dreamers， recognizing that not all investments will lead to major breakthroughs.17.（　?。?Above all， the investments prevent suffering and death and change the world.
A.Some scientists are addicted to their crazy ideas.
B.Their ideas， though brilliant， in the end are proved wrong.
C.But they refuse to back down and struggle to find more financial support.
D.Because of them， millions of people around the world avoid getting sick or death.
E.Other major breakthroughs originate from scientists pursuing a specific idea.
F.But sometimes the road leads to major breakthroughs like X-rays and vaccines.
G.However， the investments leading to breakthroughs bring a greater economic return.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.fascination　2.faraway　3.celebrities　4.grocery　5.craft
6.posed
維度二
1.fascination　2.fashionable　3.uncomplicated　4.devotion
5.grocery　6.anthropologist
維度三
1.rather than
2.nothing more than
3.devotion to
4.no matter how much you may disagree with them
5.a wide range of events
6.It was with your help that
維度四
1.most important　2.inspiration　3.that　4.were wearing　5.belonged　6.brands　7.what　8.offered　9.focused　10.for
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人Sadaf不顧他人的質疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事。
1.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away.可知，Sadaf的父親是她的支柱，是唯一一個支持鼓勵她的人，因此父親的去世讓她失去了精神支柱。
2.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的By now， I’ve realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself.以及第七段中的But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I decided to play basketball as well.可知，Sadaf試著打籃球是為了證明自己。
3.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七至九段可知，Sadaf雖然殘疾，但是她開店、打籃球、做生意，非常能干，而且在別人的質疑中勇敢地證明自己的能力。因此用“有決心，有能力”描述Sadaf最好。
4.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段內容可推知，她建議人們要去證明自己的能力，而不要讓殘疾限制自己。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了面塑手藝人康健機緣巧合下與面塑結下不解之緣，開始他的非遺傳承之路的故事。
5.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的The small， simple objects ...and planted the seeds of fine art， especially sculpture， in my heart.可知，康健兒時捏面團的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了他后來學習面塑的興趣。
6.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的learning skills from Bai Chunyu和another national-level inheritor 可知，康健利用業(yè)余時間抓住機會，向其他面塑傳承人學習面塑技藝。
7.A　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的I practiced every day from 6 am until late at night ...to relieve the pain.But all the efforts turned out to be worth it.可推知，康健覺得自己學習面塑的過程雖然很辛苦但很值得做。
8.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的the real value ...lies in its connection with traditional Chinese culture可知，康健認為將面塑做成中國傳統(tǒng)民間故事中的形象有助于中國文化的表達和傳播。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了個性測試與職業(yè)選擇的關系，并告訴人們應如何選擇合適的職業(yè)。
9.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可推知，他們認為通過個性測試來選擇職業(yè)是不合理的。
10.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的the results are probably a lot more accurate than I’d like to admit以及I think it might have had some points that fit my personality可知，作者認為該測試結果與她性格的某些方面相符。
11.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，想要尋找到夢想的工作，只能通過自己，只有了解了自己，才能找到適合自己的工作。
12.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，這名學生暈船嚴重，因而不適合這項工作。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。在科學領域，很多突破源于幸運的意外，有時源于科學家的不斷追求和不放棄。作者得出結論：只有當社會愿意投資于這些夢想家并且認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破時，才有可能獲得改變世界的科學突破。
13.E　根據(jù)第一段第二至三句可知，獲得改變世界的科學突破需要什么呢？有些是幸運的意外加上好奇心的結果。E項（其他重大突破源于科學家對特定想法的追求）與第一段相呼應，符合語境。
14.F　本段主要講科學家對特定想法的追求可能會取得改變世界的科學突破，所以在講完科學家對特定想法的追求可能產(chǎn)生的不良結果后，還需說明可能產(chǎn)生的有價值的結果（這是重點）。F項（但有時這條路會帶來重大突破，如X光和疫苗）與上句構成轉折關系，與前面“一無所獲”的結果相反，符合語境。
15.D　上文介紹了弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素，卡里科使所有mRNA疫苗成為可能，通過實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，這些科學家獲得了名利和更寶貴的東西。D項（因為他們，全世界數(shù)百萬人避免了生病或死亡）符合語境。
16.B　空前一句談到：對許多科學家來說，癡迷于一個不太可能實現(xiàn)的夢并沒有得到回報，空后兩句談到：結果是大自然并不會像他們預測的那樣運轉。最終，他們美好的理論被殘酷的事實扼殺。B項（他們的想法雖然很棒，但最終被證明是錯誤的）與上下文關系密切，符合語境。
17.G　根據(jù)空前一句可知，歸根結底，只有社會愿意投資于夢想家，認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破，科學突破才有可能實現(xiàn)；根據(jù)空后一句可知，最重要的是，投資可以防止痛苦和死亡，并改變世界。G項（然而，帶來突破的投資會帶來更大的經(jīng)濟回報）符合語境，與空前一句形成轉折，同時，與下文形成遞進關系。
1 / 3Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Life Behind the Lens①
[1]A white-haired② old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York， always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and simple black running shoes. If you saw him， you’d never think there was anything remarkable③ about him.And yet④ every member of New York’s wealthy high society wanted nothing more than⑤ to pose⑥ for this man.
　　[1]本句采用了照片說明文字的描寫方式，突出了人物形象特征。
This ordinary-looking⑦ man was Bill Cunningham， one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years.
What made Cunningham so great？ It certainly wasn’t the use of expensive，technologically-advanced⑧ equipment.Cunningham always used simple， relatively⑨cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York， not in a studio.[2]Nor was it a wide range of⑩ contacts and connections.[3]Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening， Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan. He found inspiration where others could not， in simple， everyday scenes， such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store， or a woman riding home on the graffiti-covered subway.[4]These things were real， and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.[5]Through his fascination with what people were wearing， and not who they were， he opened the doors of fashion to everyone — fashion as he saw it belonged to the people， not just to high society and big brands.
　　[2]本句為倒裝句。表示否定意義的詞位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。
[3]Although引導讓步狀語從句，從句中where引導賓語從句。
[4]本句是由and連接的并列句。第二個分句為強調句型。
[5]and連接分別由what和who引導的并列的賓語從句；破折號后是插入語，起解釋說明作用。
Moreover， [6]what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work. Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day， regardless of the weather.[7]He would even stay outside in a storm， not coming back until he knew he had the right photos. He hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.[8]This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.This is what makes them so special.
　　[6]what引導主語從句；and連接并列的表語；he put into his work為省略了關系詞的定語從句。
[7]本句含有until引導的時間狀語從句，not ...until ...“直到……才……”。
[8]句中兩個what均引導表語從句。
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer， Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated .He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom.A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages， eggs and coffee.
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer.[9]He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone， no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered. And if he went to a celebrity party， he was there to work rather than have fun .“Money’s the cheapest thing，” he once said， then added： “...freedom is the most expensive.” [10] This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft ， enabling him to capture New York’s unique street style.
　　[9]本句為主從復合句。no matter how引導讓步狀語從句；and連接并列謂語；he was offered為定語從句。
[10]句中kept Cunningham focused on his craft為“keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構。enabling him to capture New York’s unique street style為動詞-ing短語作結果狀語。
Cunningham’s passion for photography lasted throughout his life.He was 87 when he passed away， and had been working right up until his last illness.Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he wanted.His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer — he was a “cultural anthropologist ”， who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.Bill Cunningham was an observer， and not one of the observed ， a worker not a star — and this was how he wanted it.
【讀文清障】
①lens n.（照相機、攝像機的） 鏡頭
②white-haired adj.白發(fā)蒼蒼的
③remarkable adj.非凡的，顯著的，引人注目的
④yet conj.然而
⑤nothing more than
僅僅，只不過
⑥pose v.（使）擺好姿勢
pose for （為畫像、攝影）擺好姿勢
⑦ordinary-looking adj.相貌平平的，看起來普普通通的
⑧technologically-advanced
adj.技術先進的
⑨relatively adv.相對的
⑩a wide range of
各種各樣的
contact n.人際關系；聯(lián)系；接觸
fashionable adj.流行的，時髦的
photograph v.拍照，照相
as much as 和……一樣多
inspiration n.靈感
grocery n.食品雜貨店
fascination n.著迷，迷戀
fascination with
對……入迷/著迷
devotion n.奉獻；專心
devotion to 對……的摯愛/忠誠/奉獻
put ...into
將……投入……
take off 休假，休息
not once 從未，從來沒有
reflect v.反映
approach to 做……的方法（或途徑）
uncomplicated adj.不復雜的，簡單的；單純的
benefit n.好處，益處
integrity n.正直；誠實
destination n.目的地，終點
rather than 而不是
have fun 玩得開心
focus on 專注于
craft n.（某一行業(yè)所需的）技能
capture v.捕捉
passion n.酷愛；熱衷的愛好（或活動等）
passion for
對……的熱愛/酷愛
more than 不僅僅；不止
anthropologist n.人類學家
observe v.觀察（到）；注視
【參考譯文】
鏡頭背后的人生
一位白發(fā)老人總是穿著一件藍色工裝夾克和樣式簡單的黑色跑鞋，騎著一輛普通的自行車在紐約街頭穿梭。如果你看到他，你不會覺得他有任何引人注目的地方。然而，紐約富裕的上流社會中每一個人都想著對他擺姿勢、請他拍照。
這位看起來普普通通的人就是比爾·坎寧安，美國近五十年來最重要的攝影師之一。
　　是什么使得坎寧安享有如此盛譽？當然不是因為他用了昂貴、技術先進的設備。坎寧安總是使用簡單、相對便宜的相機，他所有照片的拍攝地都是紐約的街道，而不是攝影棚。也不是因為他交友廣泛，識人無數(shù)。雖然他總是知道時尚聚會和大型活動舉辦的地點，但無論是對于在貧窮的布朗克斯拍攝普通人，還是在富裕的曼哈頓拍攝貴賓，他都同樣喜歡。他能在一些簡單的日常場景中得到其他人無法得到的靈感，比如一個在當?shù)仉s貨店買橘子的男人，或是一個乘坐畫滿涂鴉的地鐵回家的女人。這些東西是真實的，在這種真實中，坎寧安看到了美好和潛力。他用自己迷戀的對象——關注人們穿什么，而不是這些人是誰——向所有人打開了時尚的大門。在他看來，時尚屬于民眾，而不僅僅屬于上流社會和大品牌。
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量時間和精力。不管天氣如何，坎寧安每天都會走上紐約的街頭。甚至在暴風雨時，他也會待在外面，直到他認為自己已經(jīng)拍攝到滿意的照片才回家。他幾乎從未休過一天假，也從未因病待在家中。我們可以從他的照片中看到這種奉獻和努力。這就是使得這些照片如此與眾不同的原因。
雖然坎寧安是一位世界著名的時尚攝影師，但他的生活方式卻并不復雜。他住在一間與其他人共用浴室的小公寓里。他經(jīng)常到一家簡單的餐館吃同樣的食物，有香腸、雞蛋和咖啡。
　　作為時尚攝影師，坎寧安從未接受過這個職業(yè)帶給他的好處。他珍視自己的正直，不為任何人所動搖，無論提供給他多少免費衣物或遠程航班。而且如果他去參加名人聚會，他是去工作而不是玩樂?！板X是最不值錢的東西，”他曾說，“……自由是最昂貴的?！睂ψ陨砝婧蜕w毫不關注，這使坎寧安能夠專注于自己的技能，捕捉到紐約獨特的街頭風格。
　　坎寧安對攝影的熱愛貫穿他的一生。他在87歲時與世長辭，一直到最后生病前他都在工作。沒有什么能阻擋他拍到想要的照片。他的辛勤工作使他不僅是一名時尚攝影師——他更是一位“文化人類學家”，我們感謝他記錄了整個城市及其人民長達半個世紀的生活。比爾·坎寧安是一位觀察者，而不是一位被觀察者，是一名勞動者而不是一個明星——而這正是他想要的。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What does Cunningham think of fashion？（　?。?br/>A.High society is the source of fashion.
B.The celebrities are the symbol of fashion.
C.Everyone can enjoy the beauty of fashion.
D.Big brands tend to be fashionable.
2.Why do people like and respect Cunningham？（　?。?br/>A.He was expert at finding beauty in ordinary people.
B.He didn’t accept any benefits for being a fashion photographer.
C.He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom.
D.He always ate the same meal of sausages and eggs.
3.What is the third paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.Cunningham’s skills of taking photos.
B.Cunningham’s attitude towards people.
C.Cunningham’s devotion to his job.
D.Cunningham’s concerns about weather.
4.Why is Bill Cunningham called a “cultural anthropologist”？（　?。?br/>A.He reflected his culture in photography.
B.He focused on people in his photos.
C.He was interested in the photography culture.
D.He recorded the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.What is your understanding of Bill Cunningham’s words “Money’s the cheapest thing”？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.If you were to write about Bill Cunningham， which aspect would you choose？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe a person.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1.Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening，Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。Although引導　　　　　　從句，where引導賓語從句，in the poor Bronx和in rich Manhattan為介詞短語作　　　　，分別修飾people和VIPs。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。what引導　　　　從句，he put into his work為省略了關系代詞的　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages， eggs and coffee.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。where引導　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
句式分析 句中no matter how ...為“no matter＋疑問詞”引導的　　　　　　從句，he was offered為　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
a wide range of 各種不同的，大范圍的
【教材原句】　Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.
也不是因為他交友廣泛，識人無數(shù)。
【用法】
（1）range n.　 　種類，（變化或浮動的）范圍
within/in range of 在……可及的范圍內
out of/beyond range of 超出……的范圍
（2）range v. （在一定范圍內）變化；包括（各種不同的人或物）
range from ...to ... 從……到……變化
range between ...and ... 在……與……之間變化
【佳句】　Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day， such as leftover food， waste paper and plastic bottles， which brings a wide range of environmental problems.
我們學校每天都會產(chǎn)生很多垃圾，比如剩飯、廢紙和塑料瓶，這帶來了廣泛的環(huán)境問題。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Activities there range 　　　　　　whale watching 　　　　hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
②The girl liked the new dress so much， but the price of the dress was really 　　　　　　her range.
③The temperature in Kunming usually ranges between 15 ℃ 　　　　25 ℃.That’s why it is called “the Spring City”.
【寫美】　補全句子
④In addition to these traditional activities， we have 　　　　　　　　　choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
除了這些傳統(tǒng)的活動外，我們還有很多選擇，比如旅游和走親訪友。
fascination with 對……入迷/著迷
【教材原句】　Through his fascination with what people were wearing， and not who they were， he opened the doors of fashion to everyone ...他用自己迷戀的對象——關注人們穿什么，而不是這些人是誰——向所有人打開了時尚的大門……
【用法】
（1）have a fascination for 　對……有吸引力
（2）fascinating adj. 極有吸引力的
（3）be fascinated with/by 對……著迷；被……
所吸引
be fascinated to do sth 癡迷于做某事
【佳句】　If you look back on history， you will certainly be fascinated with/by many customs and cultures.
如果你回顧歷史，你肯定會被許多風俗習慣和文化所吸引。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you want to see this 　　　　　?。╢ascinate） river， then come to the Yellow River Scenic Area.
②Taking a book off the shelf， he found himself 　　　　　?。╢ascinate）， not with the words of the book， but with the notes penciled in the margin.
③Some people like to collect foreign stamps or coins， yet others are fascinated 　　　　?。╟ollect） seashells or rare stones.
fashion n.時尚；時興；流行款式
【教材原句】　...he opened the doors of fashion to everyone ...
……他向所有人打開了時尚的大門……
【用法】
（1）come into fashion 成為時尚，變得流行起來
be in fashion 正流行
（go） out of fashion 過時
（2）fashionable adj. 流行的，時興的，時髦的
【佳句】　I am writing to invite you to the fashion show to be held in our school hall on 20 June， in which all the clothing in the show will be made from waste products.
我寫信邀請你參加6月20日在學校禮堂舉行的時裝表演，表演中所有的衣服都是用廢品做的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①He shouldn’t have spent as much as 20 dollars buying some clothes that are out 　　　　　　fashion.
②This is a very small shop but there are so many 　　　　　　（fashion） clothes in it.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③據(jù)說這種款式的帽子今年又流行起來了。
→It’s said that hats of this pattern are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　again this year.
→It’s said that hats of this pattern are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　again this year.
devotion to 對……的摯愛/忠誠/奉獻
【教材原句】　Moreover， what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量時間和精力。
【用法】
（1）devotion n.　　　　獻身，奉獻；忠誠；摯愛
（2）devote v. 獻身；致力；專心
devote oneself to （doing） sth
＝be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事
devote ...to ... 把……用于……；獻身；致力；專心
（3）devoted adj. 摯愛的；忠誠的
【佳句】　Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
萊斯利·尼爾森對表演的熱愛是非常鼓舞人心的。
【點津】　devote是及物動詞，常接表示時間、精力、生命等的抽象名詞作賓語，而“專心”和“奉獻”的對象則由介詞to引出，to后接名詞或動詞-ing形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We should think of him as a shining example of devotion 　　　　　　duty.
②His spirit of 　　　　　　（devote） sets him apart from other doctors.
③He wanted to devote his energies to 　　　　　　（write） novels.
④He has been a 　　　　　?。╠evote） fan of Lionel Messi since he knew what football game is.
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤她深愛著她的教育事業(yè)。
→She shows 　　　　　　her career in education.
→She 　　　　　　　　　　her career in education.
→She 　　　　　　　　　　her career in education.
put ...into ...將……投入……
【教材原句】　Moreover， what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量時間和精力。
【用法】
put up 　　　　建造，搭起；張貼；舉起，掛起；提高（價格）；留宿
put down 寫下，記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put off 推遲；延遲
put aside 把……放一邊；擱置，不考慮
【佳句】　The difference between successful and unsuccessful people is that successful people put the things they learn into practice.
成功者和失敗者之間的區(qū)別是成功者將他們所學的東西付諸實踐。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①On Christmas Eve， the whole family helped to put 　　　　　　the Christmas tree， the decorations and the balloons.
②I put 　　　　　　half an hour every day to write my diary.
③We will put 　　　　　　the picnic in the park until next week， when the weather may be better.
④I decided to put more time and energy 　　　　　　my work in the coming year.So that I could got a pay rise.
approach to 做……的方法（或途徑）
【教材原句】　Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer， Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated.
雖然坎寧安是一位世界著名的時尚攝影師，但他的生活方式卻并不復雜。
【用法】
approach v.　接近，靠近
n. 接近；方法，途徑
an approach to （doing） sth （做）某事的方法
with the approach of 隨著……的來臨/臨近
【佳句】　The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.
學校決定采取另外一種方式解決紀律問題。
【點津】　“做某事的方法”的表達：
the approach to doing sth
the way to do/of doing sth
the means of doing sth
the method of doing sth
【生義】　approach作動詞時，還可意為“處理，對付”。
【練透】　語境辨義/單句語法填空
①Due to the new approach， wheat production has risen over the years. 　　　　　　　
②As we were approaching the farm， we saw a dim figure. 　　　　　　　
③Do you know the best way of approaching the problem？ 　　　　　　　
④It’s time that we adopted different approaches to 　　　　　?。╯olve） the problem.
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤隨著考試的臨近，很多學生表現(xiàn)出焦慮的跡象。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， many students show signs of anxiety. （approach n.）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， many students show signs of anxiety. （approach v.）
passion for 對……的熱愛/酷愛
【教材原句】　Cunningham’s passion for photography lasted throughout his life.
坎寧安對攝影的熱愛貫穿他的一生。
【用法】
（1）passion n.　熱情，激情；酷愛
with passion 熱情洋溢地，充滿激情地
have a passion for 對……有強烈的愛好；酷愛
（2）passionate adj. 熱誠的，狂熱的
　酷愛……
（3）passionately adv. 充滿熱情地；激動地
【佳句】　Anton has had a consuming passion for science fiction ever since he was a pupil.
自從安東是一名小學生時，他就對科幻小說癡迷不已。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I have a great passion 　　　　　　English.
②Employees who are passionate 　　　　　their jobs tend to be more productive.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他是一個非常棒的人，他激情四射地談論科學。
→He was such a great guy and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（passionately）
→He was such a great guy and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（passion）
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：強調句：It is/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
【教材原句】　These things were real， and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.這些東西是真實的，在這種真實中，坎寧安看到了美好和潛力。
【用法】
該句是強調句，強調的是地點狀語within their reality。強調句需要注意以下幾點：
（1）強調句的基本句型：It is/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。
（2）強調句的一般疑問句：Is/Was it ＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？
（3）強調句的特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成分？
（4）not ... until ... 結構的強調句型：It is/was not until＋被強調部分＋that＋句子其他成分。
【品悟】　It was the kindness of people that lit the light of hope in this little boy’s heart.
正是人們的善良在這個小男孩的心中點亮了希望之光。
【點津】　It is/was ...that/who ...只是一個框架結構，不充當任何句子成分，所以去掉這個框架之后，剩下的部分仍能組成一個語法結構完整的句子。
【寫美】　微寫作
①就是在這一刻我意識到我不得不與我的學校、我的同學們和我的老師們說再見了。（心理描寫）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I realize that I have to say good-bye to my school， my classmates and my teachers.
②正是幽默風趣的王老師讓我喜歡上了物理課。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 made me like physics class.
③是因為杰克上學遲到史密斯先生才生氣的嗎？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Mr Smith got angry？
④你是如何這么快完成這項任務的？
　　　　　　　　　　 you managed to finish the task so quickly？
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.photographers　2.fashion　3.uncomplicated　4.benefits
5.photo
第二步
1－4　CACD
第三步
1.In my opinion， he would like to live a simple life and didn’t value money and devoted all his life to his beloved career — photography.
2.As far as I’m concerned， I would like to write about his devotion to photography， because we can learn from his dedication and build ourselves into useful individuals for our country and our society.
第四步
　（1）A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York，always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and simple black running shoes.
（2）Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day， regardless of the weather.
第五步
1.讓步狀語　定語
雖然他總是知道時尚聚會和大型活動舉辦的地點，但無論是對于在貧窮的布朗克斯拍攝普通人，還是在富裕的曼哈頓拍攝貴賓，他都同樣喜歡。
2.主語　定語
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量時間和精力。
3.表語
他經(jīng)常到一家簡單的餐館吃同樣的食物，有香腸、雞蛋和咖啡。
4.讓步狀語　定語
他珍視自己的正直，不為任何人所動搖，無論提供給他多少免費衣物或遠程航班。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①from； to?、赽eyond?、踑nd?、躠 wide range of
2.①fascinating?、趂ascinated?、踭o collect
3.①of?、趂ashionable　③in fashion； fashionable
4.①to　②devotion?、踳riting?、躣evoted?、載evotion to； is devoted to； devotes herself to
5.①up　②aside?、踥ff?、躨nto
6.①n.方法?、趘.靠近?、踲.處理，對付?、躶olving?、軼ith the approach of the exam； With the exam approaching
7.①for　②about?、踭alked about science passionately； talked about science with passion
重點句型解構
　①It is at this moment that?、贗t was the humorous Mr Wang who/that?、踂as it because Jack came late for school that?、蹾ow was it that
11 / 11(共120張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
Life Behind the Lens①
[1]A white-haired② old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the
streets of New York， always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and
simple black running shoes. If you saw him， you’d never think there
was anything remarkable③ about him.And yet④ every member of New
York’s wealthy high society wanted nothing more than⑤ to pose⑥ for this
man.
　　[1]本句采用了照片說明文字的描寫方式，突出了人物形象
特征。
【讀文清障】
①lens n.（照相機、攝像機的）鏡頭
②white-haired adj.白發(fā)蒼蒼的
③remarkable adj.非凡的，顯著的，引人注目的
④yet conj.然而
⑤nothing more than 僅僅，只不過
⑥pose v.（使）擺好姿勢
pose for （為畫像、攝影）擺好姿勢
What made Cunningham so great？ It certainly wasn’t the use of
expensive，technologically-advanced⑧ equipment.Cunningham always
used simple， relatively⑨cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the
streets of New York， not in a studio.[2]Nor was it a wide range of⑩
contacts and connections.[3]Although he always knew where
fashionable parties and events were happening， Cunningham liked to
photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich
Manhattan.
This ordinary-looking⑦ man was Bill Cunningham， one of the most
important American photographers of the last 50 years.
He found inspiration where others could not， in simple， everyday
scenes， such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store， or a
woman riding home on the graffiti-covered subway.[4]These things were
real， and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and
potential.[5]Through his fascination with what people were wearing，
and not who they were， he opened the doors of fashion to everyone —
fashion as he saw it belonged to the people， not just to high society and
big brands.
　　[2]本句為倒裝句。表示否定意義的詞位于句首時，句子用部分
倒裝。
[3]Although引導讓步狀語從句，從句中where引導賓語從句。
[4]本句是由and連接的并列句。第二個分句為強調句型。
[5]and連接分別由what和who引導的并列的賓語從句；破折號后是插入語，起解釋說明作用。
⑦ordinary-looking adj.相貌平平的，看起來普普通通的
⑧technologically-advanced adj.技術先進的
⑨relatively adv.相對的
⑩a wide range of各種各樣的
contact n.人際關系；聯(lián)系；接觸
fashionable adj.流行的，時髦的
photograph v.拍照，照相
as much as 和……一樣多
inspiration n.靈感
grocery n.食品雜貨店
fascination n.著迷，迷戀
fascination with 對……入迷/著迷
Moreover， [6]what made Cunningham great was his devotion to
photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into
his work. Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each
and every day， regardless of the weather.[7]He would even stay outside
in a storm， not coming back until he knew he had the right photos. He
hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.[8]This
devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.This
is what makes them so special.
　　[6]what引導主語從句；and連接并列的表語；he put into his work
為省略了關系詞的定語從句。
[7]本句含有until引導的時間狀語從句，not ...until ...“直
到……才……”。
[8]句中兩個what均引導表語從句。
devotion n.奉獻；專心
devotion to 對……的摯愛/忠誠/奉獻
put ...into將……投入……
take off 休假，休息
not once 從未，從來沒有
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer，
Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated .He lived in a
small apartment with a shared washroom.A simple restaurant was where
he usually had the same meal of sausages， eggs and coffee.
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a
fashion photographer.[9]He valued his integrity and would not be
bought by anyone， no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway
destinations he was offered. And if he went to a celebrity party， he was
there to work rather than have fun .“Money’s the cheapest thing，”
he once said， then added： “...freedom is the most expensive.”
[10] This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on
his craft ， enabling him to capture New York’s unique street style.
　　[9]本句為主從復合句。no matter how引導讓步狀語從句；and連接并列謂語；he was offered為定語從句。
[10]句中kept Cunningham focused on his craft為“keep＋賓語＋
賓語補足語”結構。enabling him to capture New York’s unique street
style為動詞-ing短語作結果狀語。
reflect v.反映
approach to 做……的方法（或途徑）
uncomplicated adj.不復雜的，簡單的；單純的
benefit n.好處，益處
integrity n.正直；誠實
destination n.目的地，終點
rather than 而不是
have fun 玩得開心
focus on 專注于
craft n.（某一行業(yè)所需的）技能
capture v.捕捉
Cunningham’s passion for photography lasted throughout his
life.He was 87 when he passed away， and had been working right up
until his last illness.Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he
wanted.His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer — he
was a “cultural anthropologist ”， who we can thank for recording the
life of a whole city and its people over half a century.Bill Cunningham
was an observer， and not one of the observed ， a worker not a star —
and this was how he wanted it.
passion n.酷愛；熱衷的愛好（或活動等）
passion for 對……的熱愛/酷愛
more than 不僅僅；不止
anthropologist n.人類學家
observe v.觀察（到）；注視
【參考譯文】
鏡頭背后的人生
一位白發(fā)老人總是穿著一件藍色工裝夾克和樣式簡單的黑色跑
鞋，騎著一輛普通的自行車在紐約街頭穿梭。如果你看到他，你不會
覺得他有任何引人注目的地方。然而，紐約富裕的上流社會中每一個
人都想著對他擺姿勢、請他拍照。
這位看起來普普通通的人就是比爾·坎寧安，美國近五十年來最重
要的攝影師之一。
是什么使得坎寧安享有如此盛譽？當然不是因為他用了昂貴、技
術先進的設備。坎寧安總是使用簡單、相對便宜的相機，他所有照片
的拍攝地都是紐約的街道，而不是攝影棚。也不是因為他交友廣泛，
識人無數(shù)。雖然他總是知道時尚聚會和大型活動舉辦的地點，但無論
是對于在貧窮的布朗克斯拍攝普通人，還是在富裕的曼哈頓拍攝貴
賓，他都同樣喜歡。他能在一些簡單的日常場景中得到其他人無法得
到的靈感，比如一個在當?shù)仉s貨店買橘子的男人，或是一個乘坐畫滿
涂鴉的地鐵回家的女人。這些東西是真實的，在這種真實中，坎寧安
看到了美好和潛力。
他用自己迷戀的對象——關注人們穿什么，而不是這些人是誰——向
所有人打開了時尚的大門。在他看來，時尚屬于民眾，而不僅僅屬于
上流社會和大品牌。
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在
工作中投入的大量時間和精力。不管天氣如何，坎寧安每天都會走上
紐約的街頭。甚至在暴風雨時，他也會待在外面，直到他認為自己已
經(jīng)拍攝到滿意的照片才回家。他幾乎從未休過一天假，也從未因病待
在家中。我們可以從他的照片中看到這種奉獻和努力。這就是使得這
些照片如此與眾不同的原因。
雖然坎寧安是一位世界著名的時尚攝影師，但他的生活方式卻并
不復雜。他住在一間與其他人共用浴室的小公寓里。他經(jīng)常到一家簡
單的餐館吃同樣的食物，有香腸、雞蛋和咖啡。
　　作為時尚攝影師，坎寧安從未接受過這個職業(yè)帶給他的好處。他
珍視自己的正直，不為任何人所動搖，無論提供給他多少免費衣物或
遠程航班。而且如果他去參加名人聚會，他是去工作而不是玩樂。
“錢是最不值錢的東西，”他曾說，“……自由是最昂貴的?！睂ψ?br/>身利益和升遷毫不關注，這使坎寧安能夠專注于自己的技能，捕捉到
紐約獨特的街頭風格。
　　坎寧安對攝影的熱愛貫穿他的一生。他在87歲時與世長辭，一直
到最后生病前他都在工作。沒有什么能阻擋他拍到想要的照片。他的
辛勤工作使他不僅是一名時尚攝影師——他更是一位“文化人類學
家”，我們感謝他記錄了整個城市及其人民長達半個世紀的生活。比
爾·坎寧安是一位觀察者，而不是一位被觀察者，是一名勞動者而不是
一個明星——而這正是他想要的。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly
and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What does Cunningham think of fashion？（　?。?br/>A. High society is the source of fashion.
B. The celebrities are the symbol of fashion.
C. Everyone can enjoy the beauty of fashion.
D. Big brands tend to be fashionable.
2. Why do people like and respect Cunningham？（　?。?br/>A. He was expert at finding beauty in ordinary people.
B. He didn’t accept any benefits for being a fashion photographer.
C. He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom.
D. He always ate the same meal of sausages and eggs.
3. What is the third paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. Cunningham’s skills of taking photos.
B. Cunningham’s attitude towards people.
C. Cunningham’s devotion to his job.
D. Cunningham’s concerns about weather.
4. Why is Bill Cunningham called a “cultural anthropologist”？
（　?。?br/>A. He reflected his culture in photography.
B. He focused on people in his photos.
C. He was interested in the photography culture.
D. He recorded the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. What is your understanding of Bill Cunningham’s words “Money’s
the cheapest thing”？


　In my opinion， he would like to live a simple life and didn’t value
money and devoted all his life to his beloved career — photography.　
2. If you were to write about Bill Cunningham， which aspect would you
choose？



　As far as I’m concerned， I would like to write about his devotion
to photography， because we can learn from his dedication and build
ourselves into useful individuals for our country and our society.　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe a person.





?。?）A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the
streets of New York，always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and
simple black running shoes.　
?。?）Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and
every day， regardless of the weather.　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1. Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were
happening，Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the
poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。Although引導 從句，
where引導賓語從句，in the poor Bronx和in rich Manhattan為介詞短
語作 ，分別修飾people和VIPs。
自主翻譯


讓步狀語　
定語　
雖然他總是知道時尚聚會和大型活動舉辦的地點，但
無論是對于在貧窮的布朗克斯拍攝普通人，還是在富裕的曼哈頓拍
攝貴賓，他都同樣喜歡?！?br/>2. Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to
photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into
his work.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。what引導 從句，he put into
his work為省略了關系代詞的 從句。
自主翻譯

主語　
定語　
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精
神，以及他在工作中投入的大量時間和精力?！?br/>3. A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of
sausages， eggs and coffee.
句式分析 本句為主從復合句。where引導 從句。
自主翻譯

表語　
他經(jīng)常到一家簡單的餐館吃同樣的食物，有香腸、雞
蛋和咖啡。　
4. He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter
how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was
offered.
句式分析 句中no matter how ...為“no matter＋疑問詞”引導
的 從句，he was offered為 從句。
自主翻譯

讓步狀語　
定語　
他珍視自己的正直，不為任何人所動搖，無論提供給
他多少免費衣物或遠程航班?！?br/>核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
a wide range of 各種不同的，大范圍的
【教材原句】　Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.也
不是因為他交友廣泛，識人無數(shù)。
【用法】
（1）range n.　 　　種類，（變化或浮動的）范圍
within/in range of　　 在……可及的范圍內
out of/beyond range of 　　超出……的范圍
（2）range v.（在一定范圍內）變化；包括（各種不同的人或物）
range from ...to ... 從……到……變化
range between ...and ... 在……與……之間變化
【佳句】　Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day， such as
leftover food， waste paper and plastic bottles， which brings a wide
range of environmental problems.
我們學校每天都會產(chǎn)生很多垃圾，比如剩飯、廢紙和塑料瓶，這帶來
了廣泛的環(huán)境問題。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Activities there range whale watching hiking and
accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
②The girl liked the new dress so much， but the price of the dress was
really her range.
③The temperature in Kunming usually ranges between 15 ℃ 25
℃.That’s why it is called “the Spring City”.
from　
to　
beyond　
and　
【寫美】　補全句子
④In addition to these traditional activities， we have
choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
除了這些傳統(tǒng)的活動外，我們還有很多選擇，比如旅游和走親訪友。
a wide range of　
fascination with 對……入迷/著迷
【教材原句】　Through his fascination with what people were
wearing， and not who they were， he opened the doors of fashion to
everyone ...
他用自己迷戀的對象——關注人們穿什么，而不是這些人是誰——向
所有人打開了時尚的大門……
【用法】
（1）have a fascination for 　　對……有吸引力
（2）fascinating adj.　　極有吸引力的
（3）be fascinated with/by　　對……著迷；被……
所吸引
be fascinated to do sth 　　癡迷于做某事
【佳句】　If you look back on history， you will certainly be fascinated
with/by many customs and cultures.如果你回顧歷史，你肯定會被許多
風俗習慣和文化所吸引。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you want to see this （fascinate） river， then come
to the Yellow River Scenic Area.
②Taking a book off the shelf， he found himself
（fascinate）， not with the words of the book， but with the notes
penciled in the margin.
③Some people like to collect foreign stamps or coins， yet others are
fascinated （collect） seashells or rare stones.
fascinating　
fascinated　
to collect　
fashion n.時尚；時興；流行款式
【教材原句】　...he opened the doors of fashion to everyone ... ……
他向所有人打開了時尚的大門……
【用法】
（1）come into fashion 　　成為時尚，變得流行起來
be in fashion 　　正流行
（go） out of fashion 　　過時
（2）fashionable adj.　　流行的，時興的，時髦的
【佳句】　I am writing to invite you to the fashion show to be held in our
school hall on 20 June， in which all the clothing in the show will be made
from waste products.
我寫信邀請你參加6月20日在學校禮堂舉行的時裝表演，表演中所有
的衣服都是用廢品做的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①He shouldn’t have spent as much as 20 dollars buying some clothes
that are out fashion.
②This is a very small shop but there are so many
（fashion） clothes in it.
of　
fashionable　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③據(jù)說這種款式的帽子今年又流行起來了。
→It’s said that hats of this pattern are again this year.
→It’s said that hats of this pattern are again this year.
in fashion　
fashionable　
devotion to 對……的摯愛/忠誠/奉獻
【教材原句】　Moreover， what made Cunningham great was his
devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he
put into his work.
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作
中投入的大量時間和精力。
【用法】
（1）devotion n.　　獻身，奉獻；忠誠；摯愛
（2）devote v.　　獻身；致力；專心
devote oneself to （doing） sth＝be devoted to （doing） sth 　　致力
于（做）某事
devote ...to ... 　　把……用于……；獻身；致力；專心
（3）devoted adj.　　摯愛的；忠誠的
【佳句】　Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring.
萊斯利·尼爾森對表演的熱愛是非常鼓舞人心的。
【點津】　devote是及物動詞，常接表示時間、精力、生命等的抽象
名詞作賓語，而“專心”和“奉獻”的對象則由介詞to引出，to后接
名詞或動詞-ing形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We should think of him as a shining example of devotion duty.
②His spirit of （devote） sets him apart from other
doctors.
③He wanted to devote his energies to （write） novels.
④He has been a （devote） fan of Lionel Messi since he
knew what football game is.
to　
devotion　
writing　
devoted　
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤她深愛著她的教育事業(yè)。
→She shows her career in education.
→She her career in education.
→She her career in education.
devotion to　
is devoted to　
devotes herself to　
put ...into ...將……投入……
【教材原句】　Moreover， what made Cunningham great was his
devotion to photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he
put into his work.
此外，坎寧安的偉大之處還在于他對攝影的奉獻精神，以及他在工作
中投入的大量時間和精力。
【用法】
put up 　　建造，搭起；張貼；舉起，掛起；提高（價格）；留宿
put down 　　寫下，記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put off 　　推遲；延遲
put aside 　　把……放一邊；擱置，不考慮
【佳句】　The difference between successful and unsuccessful people is
that successful people put the things they learn into practice.
成功者和失敗者之間的區(qū)別是成功者將他們所學的東西付諸實踐。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①On Christmas Eve， the whole family helped to put the
Christmas tree， the decorations and the balloons.
②I put half an hour every day to write my diary.
③We will put the picnic in the park until next week， when the
weather may be better.
④I decided to put more time and energy my work in the coming
year.So that I could got a pay rise.
up　
aside　
off　
into　
approach to 做……的方法（或途徑）
【教材原句】　Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer，
Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated. 雖然坎寧安是一位
世界著名的時尚攝影師，但他的生活方式卻并不復雜。
【用法】
approach v.　　接近，靠近
n.　　接近；方法，途徑
an approach to （doing） sth 　　（做）某事的方法
with the approach of 　　隨著……的來臨/臨近
【佳句】　The school has decided to adopt a different approach to
discipline.
學校決定采取另外一種方式解決紀律問題。
【點津】　“做某事的方法”的表達：
the approach to doing sth
the way to do/of doing sth
the means of doing sth
the method of doing sth
【生義】　approach作動詞時，還可意為“處理，對付”。
【練透】　語境辨義/單句語法填空
①Due to the new approach， wheat production has risen over the
years. 　
②As we were approaching the farm， we saw a dim figure.

③Do you know the best way of approaching the problem？

④It’s time that we adopted different approaches to
（solve） the problem.
n.方法　
v.靠近　
v.處理，對付　
solving　
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤隨著考試的臨近，很多學生表現(xiàn)出焦慮的跡象。
→ ， many students show signs of
anxiety. （approach n.）
→ ， many students show signs of
anxiety. （approach v.）
With the approach of the exam　
With the exam approaching　
passion for 對……的熱愛/酷愛
【教材原句】　Cunningham’s passion for photography lasted
throughout his life.
坎寧安對攝影的熱愛貫穿他的一生。
【用法】
【佳句】　Anton has had a consuming passion for science fiction ever
since he was a pupil.自從安東是一名小學生時，他就對科幻小說癡迷
不已。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I have a great passion English.
②Employees who are passionate their jobs tend to be more
productive.
for　
about　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他是一個非常棒的人，他激情四射地談論科學。
→He was such a great guy and he .
（passionately）
→He was such a great guy and he .
（passion）
talked about science passionately　
talked about science with passion　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：強調句：It is/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其他成
分
【教材原句】　These things were real， and it was within their reality
that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.這些東西是真實的，在
這種真實中，坎寧安看到了美好和潛力。
【用法】
該句是強調句，強調的是地點狀語within their reality。強調句需要注
意以下幾點：
（1）強調句的基本句型：It is/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子其
他成分。
（2）強調句的一般疑問句：Is/Was it ＋被強調部分＋that/who＋句子
其他成分？
（3）強調句的特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成
分？
（4）not ... until ... 結構的強調句型：It is/was not until＋被強調部
分＋that＋句子其他成分。
【品悟】　It was the kindness of people that lit the light of hope in this
little boy’s heart.
正是人們的善良在這個小男孩的心中點亮了希望之光。
【點津】　It is/was ...that/who ...只是一個框架結構，不充當任何
句子成分，所以去掉這個框架之后，剩下的部分仍能組成一個語法結
構完整的句子。
【寫美】　微寫作
①就是在這一刻我意識到我不得不與我的學校、我的同學們和我的老
師們說再見了。（心理描寫）
I realize that I have to say good-bye to my
school， my classmates and my teachers.
②正是幽默風趣的王老師讓我喜歡上了物理課。
made me like physics class.
③是因為杰克上學遲到史密斯先生才生氣的嗎？
Mr Smith got angry？
④你是如何這么快完成這項任務的？
you managed to finish the task so quickly？
It is at this moment that　
It was the humorous Mr Wang who/that　
Was it because Jack came late for school that　
How was it that　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養(yǎng)
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. My Chinese teacher knew my （著迷） with reading
and made sure I had great books to read.
2. They have just returned from （遙遠的） places with
wonderful stories to tell.
3. People waited outside for the chance to see some （名
人）.
fascination　
faraway　
celebrities　
4. The （食品雜貨店） is not on business for the night；
we’ll have to come back tomorrow.
5. The distinction between c and fine art is more controversial.
6. Before going into their meeting， the six foreign ministers p for
photographs.
grocery　
raft　
osed　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. The （fascinate） lay in the mystery of what was
inside the box.
2. In the 1980s， shoulder pads were very （fashion） in
women’s clothes.
3. He was an （complicated） person who felt happy
when he was with his friends and family.
4. I would like to thank all of you who made the effort.It is a relief that
employees show their （devote） to their jobs.
fascination　
fashionable　
uncomplicated　
devotion　
5. In American English “ （grocer） store” is often used to
mean “supermarket”.
6. A few days later， Professor Waterman， an
（anthropology） from the University of California， came to see
him.
grocery　
anthropologist　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Facing up to your problems （而不是） running away
from them is the best approach to working things out.
2. The newly discovered notes are （僅僅，只不
過） Lang’s personal journal.
3. It is the doctors’ （對……的奉獻） the patients that
makes the miracle happen.
4. You must continue to see them
（無論你和他們之間有多大的分歧）.
rather than　
nothing more than　
devotion to　
no matter how much you may
disagree with them　
5. With a different theme each year，the International Day of Families is
observed with （廣泛的活動）.
6. （正是在你的幫助下） I made such
rapid progress in English.
a wide range of events　
It was with your help that　
維度四：課文語法填空
Bill Cunningham， who looked ordinary， was one of the 1.
（important） American photographers of the last 50
years.What made Cunningham so great？ He usually found
2. （inspire） where others could not， in simple，
everyday scenes.These things were real， and it was within their reality
3. Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his
fascination with what people 4.
most
important　
inspiration　
that　
（wear）， and not who they were， he opened the doors
of fashion to everyone — fashion as he saw it 5. （belong）
to the people， not just to high society and big 6. （brand）.
Moreover， 7. made Cunningham great was his devotion to
photography， and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his
work.Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer， he lived a
simple life.Cunningham never accepted the benefits 8.
were wearing　
belonged　
brands　
what　
（offer） to him for being a fashion photographer， which kept
Cunningham 9. （focus） on his craft.Cunningham’s
passion 10. photography lasted throughout his life.Cunningham
was an observer， and not one of the observed， a worker not a star —
and this was how he wanted it.
offered　
focused　
for　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　?。?024·河南平頂山高二上期末）Sadaf’s childhood was
happy.She enjoyed going to school and meeting her friends.But one
day， she returned home running a high temperature.
　　“We thought it was regular flu.But we were told that I would not be
able to walk ever again now，” she recalls.
　　Sadaf was just 10 years old then.After the family was turned down by
doctors in Kashmir， they went to Mumbai， where an operation was
performed to treat her legs.But eventually， Sadaf had to rely on a
wheelchair to move around.By this time， she had to discontinue her
education.
　　Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”，
passed away.“Everyone except my father doubted my capabilities.But
he always encouraged me to dream big.I missed him.”
　　“There were days when I would end up crying all day， sitting alone
in my room.I was getting into depression，” she says.
　　“By now， I’ve realized that I have to either end my life or
struggle to prove myself.I chose the latter.I wanted to prove to the world
that people like me can also achieve something.I had just lost my ability to
walk， not my ability to use my brain，” she adds.
　　That is when Sadaf decided to step up for herself.In 2015， she
opened a shop but had to shut it a couple of years later as the work affected
her eyesight.She says，“But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I
decided to play basketball as well.I have also been awarded multiple times
by the Jammu and Kashmir Basketball Association.”
　　Recently， Sadaf tried selling unique spices of the Kashmir
valley.“Today， I have established my own business without anyone’s
emotional or financial support.People would question me what I could
achieve sitting in a wheelchair， when their educated and able-bodied
children sat idly （閑散地）.Now the very same people give my example
to others，” she says.
　　Sadaf believes that people with disabilities should never doubt
themselves.“If you hear others say something not so positive， you may
end up depressed.Instead of living within the confines （限制） of a
room， try to prove yourself，” she advises.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人Sadaf不顧他
人的質疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人Sadaf不顧他
人的質疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事。
1. What did Sadaf lose after her father’s death？（　?。?br/>A. Walking ability. B. Financial support.
C. Spiritual backing. D. Precious eyesight.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Things worsened when her
father， her “only source of support”， passed away.可知，Sadaf
的父親是她的支柱，是唯一一個支持鼓勵她的人，因此父親的去世
讓她失去了精神支柱。
2. Why did Sadaf try basketball？（　　）
A. To build up her body.
B. To prove herself.
C. To win awards.
D. To pursue her dream.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的By now， I’ve realized
that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself.以及第七
段中的But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I decided to play
basketball as well.可知，Sadaf試著打籃球是為了證明自己。
3. Which of the following can best describe Sadaf？（　?。?br/>A. Talented but inflexible.
B. Disabled but learned.
C. Independent and honest.
D. Determined and capable.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七至九段可知，Sadaf雖然殘疾，但
是她開店、打籃球、做生意，非常能干，而且在別人的質疑中勇敢
地證明自己的能力。因此用“有決心，有能力”描述Sadaf最好。
4. What message can we get from Sadaf’s story？（　?。?br/>A. A fine example has limitless power.
B. Do not let your disability rule you.
C. Encouragement is the source of power.
D. Do not put all your eggs in one basket.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段內容可推
知，她建議人們要去證明自己的能力，而不要讓殘疾限制自己。
B
　　Over the past three years， Kang Jian has created more than 400
dough sculptures （面塑） and become a city-level inheritor （傳承人）
of this intangible cultural heritage in Mohe， Heilongjiang Province.
　　“When I was a little boy， every time my parents made
dumplings， they would give me a small piece of dough，” he said.“I
tried to make various animals — a rabbit， a fish， or a snail.The small，
simple objects brought me lots of good childhood memories and planted
the seeds of fine art， especially sculpture， in my heart.” Kang’s
parents were not financially （財務上） able to support his desire to study
fine arts while he was at school.But he didn’t give up.He spent his spare
time after school studying drawing by himself.
　　Then， in December 2018， during a visit to a museum in Beijing，
Kang， for the first time， got information about the intangible cultural
heritage of dough sculpting， which attracted him greatly.“I was really
excited to learn about dough sculpting，” he said.“Then I had the idea
of taking my childhood interest up again.” He then spent 20 days
learning skills from Bai Chunyu， a provincial-level inheritor of dough
sculpting.And in August 2019， he got the chance to learn from another
national-level inheritor.
　　Kang spent nearly all his spare time practicing， hoping to improve
quickly.“To learn as much as possible during my 40 days there， I
practiced every day from 6 am until late at night，” he said.“When I
slept， I had to put my hands in hot water to relieve the pain.But all the
efforts turned out to be worth it.”
　　In April， Kang completed the dough sculptures of 108 characters
from the novel Outlaws of the Marsh after 16 months of work.“Most of
my dough sculptures are traditional Chinese characters.In my mind， the
real value of my dough sculpture as a national intangible cultural heritage
lies in its connection with traditional Chinese culture.That’s the charm
and significance of the art，” he said.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了面塑手藝人康健機緣巧
合下與面塑結下不解之緣，開始他的非遺傳承之路的故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了面塑手藝人康健機緣巧
合下與面塑結下不解之緣，開始他的非遺傳承之路的故事。
5. What inspired Kang to have the dream of dough sculpting？（　　）
A. His talent for drawing.
B. His admiration for Bai’s skills.
C. His parents’ encouragement and support.
D. His childhood experiences with dough.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的The small， simple
objects ...and planted the seeds of fine art， especially
sculpture， in my heart.可知，康健兒時捏面團的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了他
后來學習面塑的興趣。
6. What did Kang do to learn dough sculpting？（　?。?br/>A. He sought guidance from masters.
B. He paid frequent visits to museums.
C. He got formal training at an art school.
D. He sought help from many sculpting lovers.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的learning skills from Bai
Chunyu和another national-level inheritor 可知，康健利用業(yè)余時間抓
住機會，向其他面塑傳承人學習面塑技藝。
7. What does Kang probably think of his learning of dough sculpting？
（　?。?br/>A. Tiring but rewarding.
B. Costly and stressful.
C. Effective and smooth.
D. Boring but productive.
解析： 　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的I practiced every day from
6 am until late at night ...to relieve the pain.But all the efforts turned
out to be worth it.可推知，康健覺得自己學習面塑的過程雖然很辛
苦但很值得做。
8. Why does Kang like making dough sculptures of Chinese characters？
（　　）
A. To get more recognition.
B. To attract more enthusiasts.
C. To better express Chinese culture.
D. To improve skills with familiar characters.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的the real value ...lies in its
connection with traditional Chinese culture可知，康健認為將面塑做
成中國傳統(tǒng)民間故事中的形象有助于中國文化的表達和傳播。
C
　　Whenever I talk about personality in relation to choosing a career，
some people complain like this： Those tests are so stupid. When I was in
the sixth grade， I took one of them and it said that I should be a farmer.
While I don’t think I would be a very good farmer， the results are
probably a lot more accurate than I’d like to admit. At the time， it
seemed unreasonable — I hated the outdoors and physical activities.
Now， I think it might have had some points that fit my personality： I
like planning （good for planning how to grow crops）， working by
myself （for those long days on an agricultural machine）， and
sometimes working on a team （for harvest time）.
Watch out for any personality test that claims to be able to tell you
what your dream job is by the type of animal you’d like to be， or from
your favourite breakfast food as a child. While there are many personality
assessments that are accurate， I’d like to say that they are a second
step. The best choice is self-assessment.
Before finding ways to know your work preferences， it’s important
to make a clear difference between liking a topic and liking the work. I
once met a third-year marine biology student at a large state school in
Ohio. He was placed into the Whale Watch Program， where he found out
that he became violently seasick on any kind of boat — a big disadvantage
for a student who thought he wanted to study whales in the wild.
The best match is a career in which the major tasks of the work are the
tasks you most enjoy doing and the topic is one of your favourites. If that
career doesn’t exist， my advice would be to take the job where there is
a skill match. In this way， you will succeed at the basic tasks of your job
and perhaps become interested in it.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了個性測試與職業(yè)選擇的
關系，并告訴人們應如何選擇合適的職業(yè)。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了個性測試與職業(yè)選擇的
關系，并告訴人們應如何選擇合適的職業(yè)。
9. What is some people’s opinion on choosing a career through
personality tests？（　?。?br/>A. It’s possible to lead to career failure.
B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C. It’s unreasonable.
D. It’s worth a try.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可推知，他們認為通過
個性測試來選擇職業(yè)是不合理的。
10. What does the author think of the personality test she took when she
was young？（　?。?br/>A. She admits it forecasts her present job accurately.
B. She thinks it shows some parts of her personality.
C. She finds it helpless for her.
D. She has little interest in it.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的the results are probably a
lot more accurate than I’d like to admit以及I think it might have had
some points that fit my personality可知，作者認為該測試結果與她
性格的某些方面相符。
11. What is the best way to know your dream job？（　?。?br/>A. Taking personality tests on your favourite things.
B. Doing accurate personality assessments.
C. Trying your dream job in practice.
D. Finding it out by yourself.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，想要尋找
到夢想的工作，只能通過自己，只有了解了自己，才能找到適合
自己的工作。
12. Why was the marine biology student unsuitable for his job？（　?。?br/>A. Because he disliked the job.
B. Because he felt sea sick traveling on a boat.
C. Because he was afraid of marine animals.
D. Because he knew little about his preferences.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，這名學
生暈船嚴重，因而不適合這項工作。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　In science， advances are a daily occurrence， but true
breakthroughs are rare.What does it take to achieve world-changing
scientific breakthroughs？ Some are the result of a lucky accident，
combined with curiosity.Scientists traveling down one road suddenly find
reason to switch to another road， one they have never planned to
travel — a road that may well lead nowhere.
　　13. （　　） One day， usually initially in their career， they get
an idea they can’t stop thinking about.It’s crazy， they say to
themselves， but is it really impossible？ They talk to respected
colleagues who often remind them of all the reasons that their ideas might
not work， and how damaging this could be to their career.Yet， the idea
won’t die and they are determined to travel that road — a road that may
well lead nowhere.14.（　　）
　　Whichever road scientists who achieve lifesaving breakthroughs
travel， they often endure disinterest， like Fleming， who discovered
penicillin （青霉素） due to lucky accidents and curiosity， or repeated
skepticism and rejection， like Karikó， who made all mRNA vaccines
possible with years of persistence and resilience.By bringing their dreams
to life， they were rewarded with fame， wealth and something even more
valuable.15.（　?。?br/>　　Of course， the obsession （癡迷） with an unlikely dream fails to
pay off for many scientists.16.（　　） Nature doesn’t turn out to
operate the way they have predicted it.In the end， their beautiful theory
is killed by brutal facts.For those dreamers on the right track， they would
have achieved their dreams — if only they had done the experiment a little
differently， if only they had persisted a little longer， or if only the
support for their work had not run out.
　　Ultimately， scientific breakthroughs are possible only if a society is
willing to invest in dreamers， recognizing that not all investments will
lead to major breakthroughs.17.（　?。?Above all， the investments
prevent suffering and death and change the world.
A. Some scientists are addicted to their crazy ideas.
B. Their ideas， though brilliant， in the end are proved wrong.
C. But they refuse to back down and struggle to find more financial
support.
D. Because of them， millions of people around the world avoid getting
sick or death.
E. Other major breakthroughs originate from scientists pursuing a specific
idea.
F. But sometimes the road leads to major breakthroughs like X-rays and
vaccines.
G. However， the investments leading to breakthroughs bring a greater
economic return.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。在科學領域，很多突破源于幸運的
意外，有時源于科學家的不斷追求和不放棄。作者得出結論：只有
當社會愿意投資于這些夢想家并且認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來
重大突破時，才有可能獲得改變世界的科學突破。
13. E　根據(jù)第一段第二至三句可知，獲得改變世界的科學突破需要
什么呢？有些是幸運的意外加上好奇心的結果。E項（其他重大突破
源于科學家對特定想法的追求）與第一段相呼應，符合語境。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。在科學領域，很多突破源于幸運的
意外，有時源于科學家的不斷追求和不放棄。作者得出結論：只有
當社會愿意投資于這些夢想家并且認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來
重大突破時，才有可能獲得改變世界的科學突破。
14. F　本段主要講科學家對特定想法的追求可能會取得改變世界的科
學突破，所以在講完科學家對特定想法的追求可能產(chǎn)生的不良結果
后，還需說明可能產(chǎn)生的有價值的結果（這是重點）。F項（但有時
這條路會帶來重大突破，如X光和疫苗）與上句構成轉折關系，與前
面“一無所獲”的結果相反，符合語境。
15. D　上文介紹了弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素，卡里科使所有mRNA疫苗
成為可能，通過實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，這些科學家獲得了名利和更寶
貴的東西。D項（因為他們，全世界數(shù)百萬人避免了生病或死亡）
符合語境。
16. B　空前一句談到：對許多科學家來說，癡迷于一個不太可能實
現(xiàn)的夢并沒有得到回報，空后兩句談到：結果是大自然并不會像他們
預測的那樣運轉。最終，他們美好的理論被殘酷的事實扼殺。B項
（他們的想法雖然很棒，但最終被證明是錯誤的）與上下文關系密
切，符合語境。
17. G　根據(jù)空前一句可知，歸根結底，只有社會愿意投資于夢想
家，認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破，科學突破才有可能實
現(xiàn)；根據(jù)空后一句可知，最重要的是，投資可以防止痛苦和死亡，并
改變世界。G項（然而，帶來突破的投資會帶來更大的經(jīng)濟回報）符
合語境，與空前一句形成轉折，同時，與下文形成遞進關系。
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