資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Using language
維度一：基礎題型練
1.It would be safer for a 　　　　　　（hike） to wear a pair of jeans or pants.
2.In other words， a few countries are benefiting hugely from the 　　　　　　（consume） of fossil fuels.
3.An experienced teacher will be in charge of that class to bring the children 　　　　　　control.
4.I can find out whether my 　　　　　　（react） to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
5.Apart from the 　　　　　　（month） salary， you’ll be given an additional 2，000 per year.
6.You had better think of some good ways to get rid 　　　　　　the bad habits.
7.We can certainly cope 　　　　　　these enemy forces， and even with larger ones.
8.She’s not very optimistic 　　　　　　the outcome of the talks.
9.　　　　　　 she comes to the party， she brings a friend with her.
10.No matter 　　　　　　fast the rabbit ran， it couldn’t get rid of the big grey wolf.
維度二：語法與寫作
1.一個人總能設法做更多的事情，無論他生活中的日程安排得有多滿。
One can always manage to do more things， 　　　　　　　　　　　full his schedule is in life.
2.不管誰來都會受到歡迎。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will be welcome.
3.一般認為孩子想要什么就給他們什么是不明智的。
It is generally considered unwise to give children 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.不管你有多聰明，你都有可能無法充分利用你的記憶力。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the chances are that you fail to make the most of your memory.
5.今天正在發生的任何變化都是巨大技術進步的結果。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 today is the result of great technological progress.
6.無論你去哪里，無論你在 GDA做什么項目，你都會給貧窮而偏遠的社區帶來積極的變化。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in GDA， you’ll bring positive changes to a poor and remote community.
7.無論你什么時候來中國，都歡迎你來我家。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，you’re welcome to my home.
8.無論你選擇去哪里旅行，你一定會體驗到中國的傳統文化。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
9.每年，任何一個做出最漂亮的風箏的人將會在風箏節獲獎。
Every year， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
維度三：語法與語篇
　　根據語境及括號內的漢語提示，用本單元語法完成下面短文。
　　Hello， everyone. I’m Anna. It’s a great honour to stand here and share my story with you.
I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old. But 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （無論我多么喜歡跳舞），I couldn’t become a professional dancer because I lost one of my legs in a car accident when I was five. In the beginning， I was hopeless and 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （無論誰嘗試跟我說話）， I would get mad at him or her.
One day， my dancing teacher came to visit me. She said nothing but gave me a book written by Helen Keller. When I finished reading the book， I was inspired by Helen Keller’s story. I realised that I should keep my spirits up and 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （無論我的生活多么困難）， I should never give up easily. From then on I was determined to learn literature in college. After graduation， I became a writer， and so far， I have written 16 novels.
What I want to say is that 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （當你感到絕望的時候）， please remember that everything will be all right sooner or later.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In a breathtaking incident in Berlin， a young man narrowly escaped a life-threatening situation where he became trapped beneath a bus.
　　The 16-year-old found himself unable to move beneath a tyre （輪胎） of the bus when he fell down during an attempt to catch the departing vehicle at a local stop on a Monday afternoon. The quick response of the bus driver， who immediately stopped the vehicle， coupled with the assistance of roughly 40 people， including both passengers and bystanders， led to a remarkable achievement. Together， they managed to lift the right side of the bus sufficiently to free the young man.
　　Frank Kurze， one of the courageous volunteers who participated in the rescue， recalled the messy scene， stating， “I saw the men trying to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and try to pull the young man from underneath.”
　　Nearby medical professionals from a health care center in the Spandau neighbourhood of Berlin instantly arrived at the scene to provide vital first aid. Michelle Rueckborn， one of the nurses on duty， shared their response， saying， “We were at work when we heard screams， and our co-worker looked out of the window and saw what had happened， and said ‘Grab the doctor’s kit and run.’”
　　Sandra Grunwald， another nurse present at the scene， added， “He was responsive but understandably confused， unsure of what was unfolding around him.” Despite the frightening circumstances， the young man unbelievably survived with only minor injuries， thanks to the collective efforts of around 40 individuals who came together to perform a heroic rescue.
　　The Berlin police department praised the collective efforts of those involved in the rescue as “heroes” and expressed their gratitude on social media， stating， “Thank you， Spandau. Thank you， Berlin.”
1.What was the accident at the bus stop？
A.A teenager got caught under a bus.
B.The tyre of a bus suddenly blew out.
C.A young passenger fell from his seat.
D.The driver found the bus uncontrollable.
2.What did Frank Kurze do at the rescue scene？
A.He recorded the whole event. B.He stepped forward bravely.
C.He turned to medical staff. D.He called more volunteers in.
3.Which of the following best describes the medical professionals？
A.Tolerant.　　　　　 B.Creative.
C.Patient. D.Decisive.
4.What message does the text try to convey？
A.One good turn deserves another. B.Kindness brings mental rewards.
C.Many hands make light work. D.Opportunity is for the prepared.
B
　　As the world’s resources become rarer because of continuing land development and the growing human population， the natural habitats of wild animals have continued to decrease.As a result， the survival of some species of wildlife is threatened.To help protect wildlife， a lot of practices should be carried out by environmentalist as well as the general public.
Create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their own natural habitats.Wildlife shelters should be developed， and habitats should be created in existing national parks.Efforts should also be made to protect existing habitats， such as providing food and water sources and limiting hunting.Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos.Once the young animals grow up， they can be set free into the wild where they can continue to increase the population.
The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until it’s too late.Educational programs making use of TV advertising and instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public know the situation.
The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild animals for sport or for a source of food.They should also stop supporting those who earn money from the illegal hunting of wild animals， such as hunters who kill animals for the only purpose of harvesting their body parts and selling them for money.
The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.This will limit the number of animals being tracked， trapped， sold and removed from their natural habitats.
5.Which of the following is NOT the measure of protecting animal habitats？
A.Developing wildlife shelters.
B.Creating new habitats.
C.Setting young animals free into the wild.
D.Protecting the existing habitats.
6.What do the underlined words “the situation” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to？
A.The general public may not know species are endangered.
B.Many endangered species are facing the danger of extinction.
C.People can do much to protect the endangered species.
D.Human activities can affect the existence of species.
7.What can we learn from the passage？
A.Some people hunt animals and sell them as pets.
B.Hunters get little money from hunting animals.
C.The general public do nothing about protecting the wildlife now.
D.Animal population becomes larger in the zoo.
8.In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage？
A.Environment. B.Sports.
C.Technology. D.Education.
C
　　Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station — a unique and crucial observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that are common elsewhere， Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
　　Therefore， growing numbers of scientists see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States， Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet — a concern they believe the whole world should share.
　　The Transantarctic Mountains， some of them more than 14，000 feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau （高原） covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. To the “west” of the mountains， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western part of the continent would be reduced to a few sparse （稀疏的） islands.
　　While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica. The valleys contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys once held enormous glaciers that extended 9，000 feet downward to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps due to the global warming trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blown away by strong winds that roar down from the polar plateau to the sea.
　　Despite the mysterious aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the environment. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may absorb pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.
9.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared？
A.The western part of the continent would disappear.
B.The western part of the continent would be reduced.
C.The western part of the continent would become a fragmentary island.
D.The western part of the continent would be reduced to a gathering of islands.
10.Why are the dry valleys left bare？
A.Because strong winds blow the snow away.
B.Because it rarely snows.
C.Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
D.Because of ice sheets.
11.What can we know from the passage？
A.The “dry valleys” have nothing left inside.
B.The “dry valleys” never held glaciers.
C.The “dry valleys” may carry a message of hope.
D.The “dry valleys” are useless to scientists.
12.What is the best title for this passage？
A.Antarctica and Environmental Problems
B.Antarctica： A High Plateau
C.Antarctica： A Unique Observation Post
D.Antarctica： A Mysterious Place
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　One morning when an employee at a Costco store near Cleveland， Ohio， failed to show up for his scheduled shift at 5 am， 　13　 about their colleague， the manager， Jesse Orsborn， decided to reach out and make sure everything was okay.
　　In situations where someone might 　14　 for the early shift， they usually give them a friendly wake-up call， checking if they’re on their way. However， this 　15　 check-in took an unexpected turn. When the employee answered the call， his speech was 　16　 to understand， and the connection suddenly 　17　.
　　They started 　18　 several times， and each time， it became more 　19　 that something was seriously wrong. There was mumbling and groaning （呻吟）， and they realised that it was evident that he was experiencing a medical 　20　.
　　As events unfolded， it was revealed that the 　21　 was in the midst of a stroke （中風）.
　　Without wasting any time， the quick-thinking colleagues kept the man on the 　22　 while others dialed emergency services. Thanks to their timely actions， the man was quickly 　23　 to the hospital and， fortunately， later released. However， it was noted that he faces a 　24　 road to recovery.
　　The careful employees are being considered as 　25　 for their quick thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker. They always 　26　 the strong sense of community within the Costco family. “We take care of our members. We take care of our employees. They mean the 　27　 to us.”
13.A.concerned B.scared
C.angry D.puzzled
14.A.overwork B.oversleep
C.overlook D.overview
15.A.routine B.unusual
C.sudden D.special
16.A.hard B.vital
C.eager D.simple
17.A.appeared B.flew
C.dropped D.came
18.A.running B.calling
C.crying D.asking
19.A.strange B.crazy
C.natural D.apparent
20.A.examination B.miracle
C.emergency D.accident
21.A.co-worker B.stranger
C.operator D.volunteer
22.A.bed B.floor
C.line D.ambulance
23.A.left B.admitted
C.removed D.transported
24.A.bright B.tough
C.short D.smooth
25.A.heroes B.neighbours
C.friends D.doctors
26.A.discussed B.announced
C.emphasized D.changed
27.A.fame B.award
C.luck D.world
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　Habitat loss， pesticides and climate change 　28　 （threaten） insect populations worldwide now.In 2019， Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining 　29　 （global） and that a third of them are endangered.
　　And 　30　 it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer roaches， environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects.That’s because insects play critical 　31　 （role） in pollinating plants we eat， breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals — including humans — rely upon.
　　“It would be 　32　 extremely terrible place to live in — and certainly not something we should ever aim for，” Milman says of an insect-free existence.“You would certainly have mass starvation and societal unrest ...It’d be a place 　33　 there would be rotting feces everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be gone.”
　　Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in 　34　 （he） new book， The Insect Crisis： The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World.He says that while it is impossible 　35　 （know） exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world， the overall trends are not good： a UN assessment 　36　 （carry） out in 2019 found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction， some in the coming decades.“The world， our surroundings， would be far quieter and much 　37　 （boring） without insects，” he says.
28.　　　　　　 29.　　　　　　 30.　　　　
31.　　　 32.　　　 33.　　　
34.　　　 35.　　　 36.　　　
37.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.hiker　2.consumption　3.under　4.reactions　5.monthly
6.of　7.with　8.about　9.Whenever　10.how
維度二
1.no matter how　2.Whoever comes　3.whatever they want
4.No matter how/however smart you are
5.Whatever change is happening
6.Wherever you go and whatever project you do
7.No matter when/Whenever you come to China
8.No matter where/Wherever you choose to travel
9.whoever makes the most beautiful kite
維度三
1.however/no matter how much I loved dancing
2.whoever/no matter who tried talking with me
3.however/no matter how difficult my life was
4.whenever/no matter when you feel hopeless
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了柏林路人和醫護人員全力營救一名被困車底的十六歲少年的英勇事跡。
1.A　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，在公交車站，一個少年被困在公交車下面。
2.B　細節理解題。根據第三段中的I saw the men trying to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and try to pull the young man from underneath.可知，弗蘭克·庫爾茲在救援現場勇敢地上前幫忙。
3.D　推理判斷題。根據第四段中的Grab the doctor’s kit and run.可推知，醫護人員在救援時是果斷的。
4.C　推理判斷題。根據第二段內容和最后一段第一句可推知，文章想要傳達的信息是“人多力量大”。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于土地的持續開發和人口的增長，世界上的資源變得越來越稀缺，野生動物的自然棲息地持續減少，導致某些野生動物的生存受到威脅。
5.C　細節理解題。根據第二段中的Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos ...continue to increase the population.可知，小動物長大后才能被放歸野外，因此C項不是保護動物棲息地的措施。
6.B　詞義猜測題。本段第一句講人們沒有及早意識到某個物種瀕臨滅絕，第二句則提出可以讓人們了解這一情況的相應舉措。由此可推知，the situation指的是前一句提到的“許多瀕危物種正面臨滅絕的危險”這一情況。
7.A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.可知，有人捕獵野生動物并將其當作寵物出售。
8.A　文章出處題。通讀全文內容可知，由于土地的持續開發和人口的增長，野生動物的自然棲息地持續減少，導致某些野生動物的生存受到威脅。因此，環保主義者和公眾應采取相應的行動來保護野生動物。因此，我們可能會在報紙的環境欄目中讀到這篇文章。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了南極洲在監測環境問題方面的價值和南極洲干谷給治理環境問題帶來的新啟示。
9.D　細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句可知，如果西南極洲冰原消失，這個洲的西部會縮小為一些稀疏的島嶼群。
10.C　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段最后兩句可知，現在冰川消失了，也許是因為自冰河時代以來的10，000年中的全球變暖趨勢。即使有雪落下來，也會被從極地高原咆哮而下刮向海洋的大風吹走。由此可以得出，干谷變得光禿的原因是全球變暖和狂風的作用。
11.C　細節理解題。根據最后一段第一句可知，盡管干谷有其神秘的方面，一些科學家認為它們可能為環境問題帶來希望。
12.A　標題歸納題。文章前兩段講述了南極洲在監測環境方面發揮了重要的作用；第三段介紹了南極洲冰原消失所產生的影響；第四、五段論述了對南極洲干谷的調查研究，并且一些科學家認為在某些情況下干谷吸收污染物的速度會快于污染物進入的速度，所以這些干谷給治理環境問題帶來了希望。由此可知，文章主要論述了南極洲和相關的環境問題，故A項（南極洲和環境問題）可作為文章標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。俄亥俄州克利夫蘭附近的一家商店的一名員工未能在早上5點準時上班，經理杰西·奧斯本決定聯系他，結果發現這名員工在家里中風了，由于員工們的及時行動，這名患病男子很快被送往醫院。這些細心的員工因其敏捷的思維和同情心而被視為英雄，這最終挽救了同事的生命。
13.A　根據下文decided to reach out and make sure everything was okay可知，此處是指經理擔心同事。concerned擔憂的；scared害怕的；angry生氣的；puzzled困惑的。
14.B　根據下文they usually give them a friendly wake-up call可知，此處是指有人可能因為早班睡過頭了。overwork工作過度；oversleep睡過頭；overlook忽視；overview概述。
15.A　根據語境可知，此處是指這一例行檢查。routine例行的；unusual不尋常的；sudden突然的；special特別的。
16.A　根據上文took an unexpected turn可知，此處是指他講話難以理解。hard艱難的；vital重要的；eager渴望的；simple簡單的。
17.C　此處是指連接突然中斷。appear出現；fly飛；drop停止；come來。
18.B　根據上文and the connection suddenly 　17　可知，此處是指他們打了好幾次電話。run跑；call打電話；cry哭喊；ask詢問。
19.D　根據空后that something was seriously wrong可知，很明顯事情出了嚴重的問題。strange奇怪的；crazy瘋狂的；natural自然的；apparent明顯的。
20.C　根據上文There was mumbling and groaning可知，此處是指他顯然遇到了醫療緊急情況。examination考試；miracle奇跡；emergency緊急情況；accident事故。
21.A　根據上文　13　 about their colleague可知，此處指這位同事中風了。co-worker同事；stranger陌生人；operator操作員；volunteer志愿者。
22.C　根據空后while others dialed emergency services可知，此處指讓這名男子保持在線。bed床；floor地板；line線；ambulance救護車。
23.D　根據空后to the hospital可知，此處是指這名男子很快被送往醫院。leave離開；admit錄取；remove去除；transport運送。
24.B　根據However可知，此處是指他面臨著一條艱難的康復之路。bright光明的；tough艱難的；short短的；smooth光滑的。
25.A　根據空后for their quick thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker可知，這些細心的員工因其敏捷的思維和同情心而被視為英雄。hero英雄；neighbour鄰居；friend朋友；doctor醫生。
26.C　根據下文We take care of our members. We take care of our employees.可知，此處是指強調Costco大家庭中強烈的社區意識。discuss討論；announce宣布；emphasize強調；change改變。
27.D　此處指他們是全部。fame名譽；award獎勵；luck運氣；world世界。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于棲息地減少、農藥使用以及氣候變化等原因，昆蟲在全球范圍內大幅度減少。
28.are threatening　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句時間狀語為now，因此這里用現在進行時。又因主語是復數，故填are threatening。
29.globally　考查副詞。這里應用副詞修飾謂語動詞作狀語。
30.while/although/though　考查連詞。前后兩個分句之間存在轉折關系，故填while/although/though引導讓步狀語從句。
31.roles　考查名詞復數。這里role是可數名詞，此處表達復數概念。
32.an　考查冠詞。這里表示泛指，且extremely的發音以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞an。
33.where　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，前面的place為先行詞，在從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。
34.his　考查代詞。設空處后面是名詞詞組new book，因此這里應用形容詞性物主代詞his。
35.to know　考查非謂語動詞。本從句中前面的it為形式主語，這里應用動詞不定式作真正的主語。
36.carried　考查非謂語動詞。這里應用過去分詞作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞assessment。
37.more boring　考查形容詞的比較級。設空處前面的far quieter暗示這里應用形容詞的比較級形式，故填more boring。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ　Using language
“no matter＋疑問詞”和“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
1.Wherever they go，animals find towns and cities in their way.
2.No matter how many crimes he committed， the police were powerless to arrest him.
3.However they adapt to our ways of urban living， it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
4.Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities， one thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival， they could be with us to stay.
【我的發現】
上面句子中的黑體部分引導　　　　從句，可分別與　　　　　　　　，　　　　　　，　　　　　　　　，　　　　　　　　互換。
一、“no matter＋疑問詞”引導的讓步狀語從句
　“no matter＋疑問詞（what/who/which/when/where/how 等）”意為“無論……”，常引導讓步狀語從句。
No matter which book you borrow， you must return it in a week.
無論你借哪本書，都必須在一周內歸還。
No matter what happens， he would not mind.
無論發生什么，他都不會介意。
He carries a book in his bag， no matter where he goes.
他不管去哪里，包里都帶著一本書。
No matter how I had tried to resist him， he still influenced me.
無論我怎么努力反抗他，他仍然影響著我。
名師點津
no matter 也可以與whether 連用，表示“不論是否”。
No matter whether it snows or not， I shall start on the journey.
不論是否下雪，我都將出發去旅行。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
①No matter 　　　　well you can drive， you must drive carefully.
②No matter 　　　　may happen， they’ve decided to leave this evening.
③No matter 　　　　you may be， you have no right to do such a thing.
二、“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
　在英語中，“疑問詞＋-ever”引導讓步狀語從句，意為“無論……”，可與“no matter＋疑問詞”相互替換。
Whenever （＝No matter when） you come back， don’t wake me up.
你不管什么時候回來，都不要吵醒我。
Wherever （＝No matter where） he is， he makes it a rule to give his mother a call every day.
無論在哪兒，他都把每天給媽媽打電話當成一個慣例。
However （＝No matter how） carefully I explained， she still didn’t understand.
無論我解釋得多么仔細，她還是不明白。
Whatever （＝No matter what） you’re looking for， colour is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
無論你在尋找什么，顏色是讓房間有你想要的感覺的關鍵。
Whoever （＝No matter who） breaks the law， he should be punished.
無論誰犯法，他都應該受到懲罰。
We can go on Tuesday or Friday， whichever （＝no matter which） you prefer.
我們可以周二或周五去，無論你喜歡哪個時間。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
①　　　　　　 great the difficulty may be， we will not lose heart because we know we are supported by you all.
②　　　　　　 I’m unhappy， my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
③　　　　　　 problem you have， turn to me.
三、“疑問詞＋-ever”不可與“no matter＋疑問詞”互換的情況
　whatever， whoever和whichever除了引導讓步狀語從句外，還可引導名詞性從句，此時不可與no matter what， no matter who和 no matter which互換。
Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library.
無論什么引起了他的興趣，都可以在學校圖書館中找到。（Whatever引導主語從句）
Eat a cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late.
吃一塊你喜歡的蛋糕，將剩下的留給來晚的人。（whoever引導賓語從句）
You can take whichever seat you like.
無論你想坐哪個座位都可以。（whichever引導賓語從句）
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Send it to 　　　　　　is in charge of sales.
②You may invite 　　　　　　you like.
③Beggars will eat 　　　　　　they are given.
optimistic adj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的；抱樂觀看法的
【教材原句】　Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man.
魯濱孫·克魯索是一個聰明樂觀的人。
【用法】
（1）be optimistic about ... 對……樂觀，對……持樂觀的態度
（2）optimism n.　　 樂觀；樂觀主義
（3）optimist n. 樂觀的人；樂天派
【佳句】　It was his optimistic attitude to life and hard work that finally led him to his successful career.
正是他樂觀的生活態度和努力工作最終使他獲得了事業上的成功。（人物介紹）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There was 　　　　　　（optimistic） that an agreement could be reached.
②Somehow he remained an 　　　　　　（optimistic） despite all that had happened to him.
【寫美】　補全句子
③我欽佩海倫，因為她對生活很樂觀。（人物介紹）
I admire Helen because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
bring ...under control 使……處于控制之下
【教材原句】　Firefighters bring blaze under control 消防隊員控制住了火勢
【用法】
take/lose control of 取得/失去對……的控制
have control over/of 能控制……
be under control 被控制住
be in control of 控制著，掌管著
be/get/run out of control　失去控制
【佳句】　Artists like to have some control over where their works are hung in a gallery.
藝術家們希望對自己的作品掛在美術館的什么地方有些發言權。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It took firefighters two hours before the fire was 　　　　control.
②Students are encouraged to take control 　　　　their own learning， rather than just depending on their teachers.
【寫美】　補全句子
③這些孩子自他們的父親離開后就無法無天了。
The children are completely 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　since their father left.
react v.（作出）反應；起（化學）反應；回應
【教材原句】　How do people and organisations react to these crises？
人們和組織如何應對這些危機呢？
【用法】
（1）react to　　　 對……作出反應，起反應
react with 與……發生化學反應
react against 反對；反抗
（2）reaction n. （對某一情形或事件的）反應
reaction to 對……反應/回應
a chemical reaction　 化學反應
【佳句】　Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to them.
生活的10%是發生在你身上的事件，剩下的90%是你對這些事件的反應。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you react quickly 　　　　emergencies.
②Many young people react 　　　　　　traditional values and want to live freely.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong 　　　　（react）.
【寫美】　補全句子
④實驗表明，鐵會與空氣和水發生反應。
The experiment shows that iron 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
get rid of 擺脫，除去；丟棄；改掉；趕走（某人）
【教材原句】　Plus，it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans to get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all. 此外，它還包括一張免費海報，海報展示了徹底清除埃博拉病毒的新計劃。
【用法】
（1）be rid of sb/sth　 擺脫某人/某物
rid sb/sth of ... （使某人/某物）去除……
rid yourself of sb/sth　 擺脫；從……中解脫
（2）get rid of old toys 扔掉舊玩具
get rid of the bad habit 改掉壞習慣
get rid of the terrible smell 除去難聞的氣味
【佳句】　School uniforms are traditional in Britain， but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 校服在英國是傳統的，但一些學校正開始廢除它們。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed helps rid the world 　　　　starvation.
②I’m very glad to be rid 　　　　my bad cold in a few days.
【寫美】　補全句子
③一個人可以通過以下方法保持健康：保持均衡的飲食、定期鍛煉，以及改掉壞習慣。
One can keep fit by the following ways： keep a balanced diet， exercise regularly， and 　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
讓步狀語　no matter where　however　no matter how　no matter what
即時演練1
①how　②what　③who
即時演練2
①However　②Whenever　③Whatever
即時演練3
①whoever　②whoever/whomever　③whatever
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.①optimism　②optimist　③she is optimistic about life
2.①under　②of　③out of control
3.①to　②against　③reaction　④reacts with air and water
4.①of　②of　③get rid of bad habits
3 / 4(共88張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
“no matter＋疑問詞”和“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
1. Wherever they go，animals find towns and cities in their way.
2. No matter how many crimes he committed， the police were
powerless to arrest him.
3. However they adapt to our ways of urban living， it’s important that
we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild
neighbours.
4. Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities， one
thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival， they could
be with us to stay.
【我的發現】
上面句子中的藍體部分引導 從句，可分別與
， ， ，
互換。
讓步狀語　
no
matter where　
however　
no matter how　
no matter
what　
一、“no matter＋疑問詞”引導的讓步狀語從句
　“no matter＋疑問詞（what/who/which/when/where/how 等）”意為
“無論……”，常引導讓步狀語從句。
No matter which book you borrow， you must return it in a week.
無論你借哪本書，都必須在一周內歸還。
No matter what happens， he would not mind.
無論發生什么，他都不會介意。
He carries a book in his bag， no matter where he goes.
他不管去哪里，包里都帶著一本書。
No matter how I had tried to resist him， he still influenced me.
無論我怎么努力反抗他，他仍然影響著我。
名師點津
no matter 也可以與whether 連用，表示“不論是否”。
No matter whether it snows or not， I shall start on the journey.
不論是否下雪，我都將出發去旅行。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
①No matter well you can drive， you must drive carefully.
②No matter may happen， they’ve decided to leave this
evening.
③No matter you may be， you have no right to do such a thing.
how　
what　
who　
二、“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
　在英語中，“疑問詞＋-ever”引導讓步狀語從句，意為“無
論……”，可與“no matter＋疑問詞”相互替換。
Whenever （＝No matter when） you come back， don’t wake me
up.
你不管什么時候回來，都不要吵醒我。
Wherever （＝No matter where） he is， he makes it a rule to give his
mother a call every day.
無論在哪兒，他都把每天給媽媽打電話當成一個慣例。
However （＝No matter how） carefully I explained， she still didn’t
understand.
無論我解釋得多么仔細，她還是不明白。
Whatever （＝No matter what） you’re looking for， colour is the
key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
無論你在尋找什么，顏色是讓房間有你想要的感覺的關鍵。
Whoever （＝No matter who） breaks the law， he should be punished.
無論誰犯法，他都應該受到懲罰。
We can go on Tuesday or Friday， whichever （＝no matter which）
you prefer.
我們可以周二或周五去，無論你喜歡哪個時間。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
① great the difficulty may be， we will not lose heart
because we know we are supported by you all.
② I’m unhappy， my friends always stand by me and
cheer me up.
③ problem you have， turn to me.
However　
Whenever　
Whatever　
三、“疑問詞＋-ever”不可與“no matter＋疑問詞”互換的情況
　whatever， whoever和whichever除了引導讓步狀語從句外，還可引
導名詞性從句，此時不可與no matter what， no matter who和 no matter
which互換。
Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library.
無論什么引起了他的興趣，都可以在學校圖書館中找到。（Whatever
引導主語從句）
Eat a cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late.
吃一塊你喜歡的蛋糕，將剩下的留給來晚的人。（whoever引導賓語
從句）
You can take whichever seat you like.
無論你想坐哪個座位都可以。（whichever引導賓語從句）
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Send it to is in charge of sales.
②You may invite you like.
③Beggars will eat they are given.
whoever　
whoever/whomever　
whatever　
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
optimistic adj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的；抱樂觀看法的
【教材原句】　Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man. 魯濱
孫·克魯索是一個聰明樂觀的人。
【用法】
（1）be optimistic about ... 對……樂觀，對……持樂觀的態度
（2）optimism n.　　樂觀；樂觀主義
（3）optimist n.　　樂觀的人；樂天派
【佳句】　It was his optimistic attitude to life and hard work that finally
led him to his successful career.正是他樂觀的生活態度和努力工作最終
使他獲得了事業上的成功。（人物介紹）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There was （optimistic） that an agreement could be
reached.
②Somehow he remained an （optimistic） despite all that
had happened to him.
optimism　
optimist　
【寫美】　補全句子
③我欽佩海倫，因為她對生活很樂觀。（人物介紹）
I admire Helen because .
she is optimistic about life　
bring ...under control 使……處于控制之下
【教材原句】　Firefighters bring blaze under control 消防隊員控制住
了火勢
【用法】
take/lose control of 取得/失去對……的控制
have control over/of　　能控制……
be under control　　被控制住
be in control of　　控制著，掌管著
be/get/run out of control　　失去控制
【佳句】　Artists like to have some control over where their works are
hung in a gallery.
藝術家們希望對自己的作品掛在美術館的什么地方有些發言權。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It took firefighters two hours before the fire was control.
②Students are encouraged to take control their own learning，
rather than just depending on their teachers.
under　
of　
【寫美】　補全句子
③這些孩子自他們的父親離開后就無法無天了。
The children are completely since their father left.
out of control　
react v.（作出）反應；起（化學）反應；回應
【教材原句】　How do people and organisations react to these crises？
人們和組織如何應對這些危機呢？
【用法】
（1）react to　　 對……作出反應，起反應
react with　　與……發生化學反應
react against　　反對；反抗
（2）reaction n.　　（對某一情形或事件的）反應
reaction to　　對……反應/回應
a chemical reaction　　化學反應
【佳句】　Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to
them.
生活的10%是發生在你身上的事件，剩下的90%是你對這些事件的
反應。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you react quickly
emergencies.
②Many young people react traditional values and want to live
freely.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a
strong （react）.
to　
against　
reaction　
【寫美】　補全句子
④實驗表明，鐵會與空氣和水發生反應。
The experiment shows that iron .
reacts with air and water　
get rid of 擺脫，除去；丟棄；改掉；趕走（某人）
【教材原句】　Plus，it also includes a free poster illustrating new plans
to get rid of the Ebola virus once and for all. 此外，它還包括一張免費
海報，海報展示了徹底清除埃博拉病毒的新計劃。
【佳句】　School uniforms are traditional in Britain， but some schools
are starting to get rid of them.
校服在英國是傳統的，但一些學校正開始廢除它們。
【用法】
（1）be rid of sb/sth　擺脫某人/某物
rid sb/sth of ...　　（使某人/某物）去除……
rid yourself of sb/sth　擺脫；從……中解脫
（2）get rid of old toys　　扔掉舊玩具
get rid of the bad habit　　改掉壞習慣
get rid of the terrible smell　　除去難聞的氣味
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed helps rid the world
starvation.
②I’m very glad to be rid my bad cold in a few days.
of　
of　
【寫美】　補全句子
③一個人可以通過以下方法保持健康：保持均衡的飲食、定期鍛煉，
以及改掉壞習慣。
One can keep fit by the following ways： keep a balanced diet， exercise
regularly， and .
get rid of bad habits　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
1. It would be safer for a （hike） to wear a pair of jeans or
pants.
2. In other words， a few countries are benefiting hugely from
the （consume） of fossil fuels.
3. An experienced teacher will be in charge of that class to bring the
children control.
hiker　
consumption　
under　
4. I can find out whether my （react） to an event are
reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
5. Apart from the （month） salary， you’ll be given an
additional 2，000 per year.
6. You had better think of some good ways to get rid the bad
habits.
7. We can certainly cope these enemy forces， and even with
larger ones.
8. She’s not very optimistic the outcome of the talks.
reactions　
monthly　
of　
with　
about　
9. she comes to the party， she brings a friend with her.
10. No matter fast the rabbit ran， it couldn’t get rid of the big
grey wolf.
Whenever　
how　
維度二：語法與寫作
1. 一個人總能設法做更多的事情，無論他生活中的日程安排得有
多滿。
One can always manage to do more things， full
his schedule is in life.
2. 不管誰來都會受到歡迎。
will be welcome.
3. 一般認為孩子想要什么就給他們什么是不明智的。
It is generally considered unwise to give children
.
no matter how　
Whoever comes　
whatever they
want　
4. 不管你有多聰明，你都有可能無法充分利用你的記憶力。
， the chances are that you
fail to make the most of your memory.
5. 今天正在發生的任何變化都是巨大技術進步的結果。
today is the result of great
technological progress.
No matter how/However smart you are　
Whatever change is happening　
6. 無論你去哪里，無論你在 GDA做什么項目，你都會給貧窮而偏遠
的社區帶來積極的變化。
in GDA， you’ll
bring positive changes to a poor and remote community.
7. 無論你什么時候來中國，都歡迎你來我家。
，you’re welcome
to my home.
Wherever you go and whatever project you do　
No matter when/Whenever you come to China　
8. 無論你選擇去哪里旅行，你一定會體驗到中國的傳統文化。
， you are bound
to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
9. 每年，任何一個做出最漂亮的風箏的人將會在風箏節獲獎。
Every year， will win a
prize in the Kite Festival.
No matter where/Wherever you choose to travel　
whoever makes the most beautiful kite　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　根據語境及括號內的漢語提示，用本單元語法完成下面短文。
　　Hello， everyone. I’m Anna. It’s a great honour to stand here and
share my story with you.
I developed a strong interest in dancing when I was three years old.
But 1. （無論我多么
喜歡跳舞），I couldn’t become a professional dancer because I lost one
of my legs in a car accident when I was five. In the beginning， I was
hopeless and 2. （無論
誰嘗試跟我說話）， I would get mad at him or her.
however/no matter how much I loved dancing　
whoever/no matter who tried talking with me　
One day， my dancing teacher came to visit me. She said nothing but
gave me a book written by Helen Keller. When I finished reading the
book， I was inspired by Helen Keller’s story. I realised that I should
keep my spirits up and 3.
（無論我的生活多么困難）， I should never give up easily. From then
on I was determined to learn literature in college. After graduation， I
became a writer， and so far， I have written 16 novels.
What I want to say is that 4.
（當你感到絕望的時候）， please remember that everything
will be all right sooner or later.
however/no matter how difficult my life was　
whenever/no matter when you feel
hopeless　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　In a breathtaking incident in Berlin， a young man narrowly escaped
a life-threatening situation where he became trapped beneath a bus.
　　The 16-year-old found himself unable to move beneath a tyre （輪
胎） of the bus when he fell down during an attempt to catch the departing vehicle at a local stop on a Monday afternoon. The quick response of the bus driver， who immediately stopped the vehicle， coupled with the assistance of roughly 40 people， including both passengers and bystanders， led to a remarkable achievement. Together， they managed to lift the right side of the bus sufficiently to free the young man.
　　Frank Kurze， one of the courageous volunteers who participated in
the rescue， recalled the messy scene， stating， “I saw the men trying
to lift the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus
and try to pull the young man from underneath.”
　　Nearby medical professionals from a health care center in the
Spandau neighbourhood of Berlin instantly arrived at the scene to provide
vital first aid. Michelle Rueckborn， one of the nurses on duty， shared
their response， saying， “We were at work when we heard screams，
and our co-worker looked out of the window and saw what had
happened， and said ‘Grab the doctor’s kit and run.’”
　　Sandra Grunwald， another nurse present at the scene， added，
“He was responsive but understandably confused， unsure of what was
unfolding around him.” Despite the frightening circumstances， the
young man unbelievably survived with only minor injuries， thanks to the
collective efforts of around 40 individuals who came together to perform a
heroic rescue.
　　The Berlin police department praised the collective efforts of those
involved in the rescue as “heroes” and expressed their gratitude on
social media， stating， “Thank you， Spandau. Thank you，
Berlin.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了柏林路人和醫護人員全
力營救一名被困車底的十六歲少年的英勇事跡。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了柏林路人和醫護人員全
力營救一名被困車底的十六歲少年的英勇事跡。
1. What was the accident at the bus stop？
A. A teenager got caught under a bus.
B. The tyre of a bus suddenly blew out.
C. A young passenger fell from his seat.
D. The driver found the bus uncontrollable.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，在公交車站，一個
少年被困在公交車下面。
2. What did Frank Kurze do at the rescue scene？
A. He recorded the whole event.
B. He stepped forward bravely.
C. He turned to medical staff.
D. He called more volunteers in.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段中的I saw the men trying to lift
the bus， and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and
try to pull the young man from underneath.可知，弗蘭克·庫爾茲在
救援現場勇敢地上前幫忙。
3. Which of the following best describes the medical professionals？
A. Tolerant. B. Creative.
C. Patient. D. Decisive.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第四段中的Grab the doctor’s kit and
run.可推知，醫護人員在救援時是果斷的。
4. What message does the text try to convey？
A. One good turn deserves another.
B. Kindness brings mental rewards.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Opportunity is for the prepared.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段內容和最后一段第一句可推
知，文章想要傳達的信息是“人多力量大”。
B
　　As the world’s resources become rarer because of continuing land
development and the growing human population， the natural habitats of
wild animals have continued to decrease.As a result， the survival of
some species of wildlife is threatened.To help protect wildlife， a lot of
practices should be carried out by environmentalist as well as the general
public.
Create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their
own natural habitats.Wildlife shelters should be developed， and habitats
should be created in existing national parks.Efforts should also be made to
protect existing habitats， such as providing food and water sources and
limiting hunting.Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as
zoos.Once the young animals grow up， they can be set free into the wild
where they can continue to increase the population.
The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until
it’s too late.Educational programs making use of TV advertising and
instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public
know the situation.
The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild
animals for sport or for a source of food.They should also stop supporting
those who earn money from the illegal hunting of wild animals， such as
hunters who kill animals for the only purpose of harvesting their body parts
and selling them for money.
The public should avoid keeping wild animals as pets.This will limit
the number of animals being tracked， trapped， sold and removed from
their natural habitats.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于土地的持續開發和人口的增
長，世界上的資源變得越來越稀缺，野生動物的自然棲息地持續減
少，導致某些野生動物的生存受到威脅。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于土地的持續開發和人口的增
長，世界上的資源變得越來越稀缺，野生動物的自然棲息地持續減
少，導致某些野生動物的生存受到威脅。
5. Which of the following is NOT the measure of protecting animal
habitats？
A. Developing wildlife shelters.
B. Creating new habitats.
C. Setting young animals free into the wild.
D. Protecting the existing habitats.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的Breed （培育） endangered species in places such as zoos ...continue to increase the population.可知，小動物長大后才能被放歸野外，因此C項不是保護動物棲息地的措施。
6. What do the underlined words “the situation” in Paragraph 3
probably refer to？
A. The general public may not know species are endangered.
B. Many endangered species are facing the danger of extinction.
C. People can do much to protect the endangered species.
D. Human activities can affect the existence of species.
解析：　詞義猜測題。本段第一句講人們沒有及早意識到某個物
種瀕臨滅絕，第二句則提出可以讓人們了解這一情況的相應舉措。
由此可推知，the situation指的是前一句提到的“許多瀕危物種正面
臨滅絕的危險”這一情況。
7. What can we learn from the passage？
A. Some people hunt animals and sell them as pets.
B. Hunters get little money from hunting animals.
C. The general public do nothing about protecting the wildlife now.
D. Animal population becomes larger in the zoo.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的The public should avoid
keeping wild animals as pets.可知，有人捕獵野生動物并將其當作寵
物出售。
8. In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage？
A. Environment. B. Sports.
C. Technology. D. Education.
解析：　文章出處題。通讀全文內容可知，由于土地的持續
開發和人口的增長，野生動物的自然棲息地持續減少，導致某
些野生動物的生存受到威脅。因此，環保主義者和公眾應采取
相應的行動來保護野生動物。因此，我們可能會在報紙的環境
欄目中讀到這篇文章。
C
　　Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station — a unique
and crucial observation post for detecting important changes in the
world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the
complex geological and ecological systems that are common elsewhere，
Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper
and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
　　Therefore， growing numbers of scientists see Antarctica as a distant-
early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be
spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of
investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States，
Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects
that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet — a
concern they believe the whole world should share.
　　The Transantarctic Mountains， some of them more than 14，000
feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part
of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau （高
原） covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. To the “west” of
the mountains， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also
covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well
below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western
part of the continent would be reduced to a few sparse （稀疏的）
islands.
　　While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental
experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of
Antarctica. The valleys contain little ice or snow even in the depths of
winter. Through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys
once held enormous glaciers that extended 9，000 feet downward to the
Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps due to the global warming
trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls
in the dry valleys is blown away by strong winds that roar down from the
polar plateau to the sea.
　　Despite the mysterious aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists
believe they may carry a message of hope of the environment. Some
scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may absorb pollutants
faster than pollutants enter them.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了南極洲在監測環境問題
方面的價值和南極洲干谷給治理環境問題帶來的新啟示。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了南極洲在監測環境問題
方面的價值和南極洲干谷給治理環境問題帶來的新啟示。
9. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared？
A. The western part of the continent would disappear.
B. The western part of the continent would be reduced.
C. The western part of the continent would become a fragmentary island.
D. The western part of the continent would be reduced to a gathering of
islands.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句可知，如果西南極洲
冰原消失，這個洲的西部會縮小為一些稀疏的島嶼群。
10. Why are the dry valleys left bare？
A. Because strong winds blow the snow away.
B. Because it rarely snows.
C. Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
D. Because of ice sheets.
解析：　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段最后兩句可知，現在冰
川消失了，也許是因為自冰河時代以來的10，000年中的全球變暖
趨勢。即使有雪落下來，也會被從極地高原咆哮而下刮向海洋的
大風吹走。由此可以得出，干谷變得光禿的原因是全球變暖和狂
風的作用。
11. What can we know from the passage？
A. The “dry valleys” have nothing left inside.
B. The “dry valleys” never held glaciers.
C. The “dry valleys” may carry a message of hope.
D. The “dry valleys” are useless to scientists.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后一段第一句可知，盡管干谷有
其神秘的方面，一些科學家認為它們可能為環境問題帶來希望。
12. What is the best title for this passage？
A. Antarctica and Environmental Problems
B. Antarctica： A High Plateau
C. Antarctica： A Unique Observation Post
D. Antarctica： A Mysterious Place
解析：　標題歸納題。文章前兩段講述了南極洲在監測環境方
面發揮了重要的作用；第三段介紹了南極洲冰原消失所產生的影
響；第四、五段論述了對南極洲干谷的調查研究，并且一些科學
家認為在某些情況下干谷吸收污染物的速度會快于污染物進入的
速度，所以這些干谷給治理環境問題帶來了希望。由此可知，文
章主要論述了南極洲和相關的環境問題，故A項（南極洲和環境
問題）可作為文章標題。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　One morning when an employee at a Costco store near Cleveland，
Ohio， failed to show up for his scheduled shift at 5 am， 　13　 about
their colleague， the manager， Jesse Orsborn， decided to reach out and
make sure everything was okay.
In situations where someone might 　14　 for the early shift， they
usually give them a friendly wake-up call， checking if they’re on their
way. However， this 　15　 check-in took an unexpected turn. When the
employee answered the call， his speech was 　16　 to understand， and
the connection suddenly 　17　.
　　They started 　18　 several times， and each time， it became
more 　19　 that something was seriously wrong. There was mumbling
and groaning （呻吟）， and they realised that it was evident that he was
experiencing a medical 　20　.
　　As events unfolded， it was revealed that the 　21　 was in the midst
of a stroke （中風）.
　　Without wasting any time， the quick-thinking colleagues kept the
man on the 　22　 while others dialed emergency services. Thanks to
their timely actions， the man was quickly 　23　 to the hospital and，
fortunately， later released. However， it was noted that he faces
a 　24　 road to recovery.
　　The careful employees are being considered as 　25　 for their quick
thinking and compassion， which ultimately saved the life of a fellow
worker. They always 　26　 the strong sense of community within the
Costco family. “We take care of our members. We take care of our
employees. They mean the 　27　 to us.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。俄亥俄州克利夫蘭附近的一家商店
的一名員工未能在早上5點準時上班，經理杰西·奧斯本決定聯系
他，結果發現這名員工在家里中風了，由于員工們的及時行動，這
名患病男子很快被送往醫院。這些細心的員工因其敏捷的思維和同
情心而被視為英雄，這最終挽救了同事的生命。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。俄亥俄州克利夫蘭附近的一家商店
的一名員工未能在早上5點準時上班，經理杰西·奧斯本決定聯系
他，結果發現這名員工在家里中風了，由于員工們的及時行動，這
名患病男子很快被送往醫院。這些細心的員工因其敏捷的思維和同
情心而被視為英雄，這最終挽救了同事的生命。
13. A. concerned B. scared
C. angry D. puzzled
解析：　根據下文decided to reach out and make sure everything
was okay可知，此處是指經理擔心同事。concerned擔憂的；scared
害怕的；angry生氣的；puzzled困惑的。
14. A. overwork B. oversleep
C. overlook D. overview
解析：　根據下文they usually give them a friendly wake-up call可
知，此處是指有人可能因為早班睡過頭了。overwork工作過度；
oversleep睡過頭；overlook忽視；overview概述。
15. A. routine B. unusual
C. sudden D. special
解析：　根據語境可知，此處是指這一例行檢查。routine例行
的；unusual不尋常的；sudden突然的；special特別的。
16. A. hard B. vital C. eager D. simple
解析：　根據上文took an unexpected turn可知，此處是指他
講話難以理解。hard艱難的；vital重要的；eager渴望的；
simple簡單的。
17. A. appeared B. flew
C. dropped D. came
解析：　此處是指連接突然中斷。appear出現；fly飛；drop停
止；come來。
18. A. running B. calling
C. crying D. asking
解析：　根據上文and the connection suddenly 　17　可
知，此處是指他們打了好幾次電話。run跑；call打電話；cry
哭喊；ask詢問。
19. A. strange B. crazy
C. natural D. apparent
解析：　根據空后that something was seriously wrong可知，很明
顯事情出了嚴重的問題。strange奇怪的；crazy瘋狂的；natural自
然的；apparent明顯的。
20. A. examination B. miracle
C. emergency D. accident
解析：　根據上文There was mumbling and groaning可知，此處
是指他顯然遇到了醫療緊急情況。examination考試；miracle奇
跡；emergency緊急情況；accident事故。
21. A. co-worker B. stranger
C. operator D. volunteer
解析：　根據上文 　13　 about their colleague可知，此處指這位
同事中風了。co-worker同事；stranger陌生人；operator操作員；
volunteer志愿者。
22. A. bed B. floor
C. line D. ambulance
解析：　根據空后while others dialed emergency services可知，此
處指讓這名男子保持在線。bed床；floor地板；line線；ambulance
救護車。
23. A. left B. admitted
C. removed D. transported
解析：　根據空后to the hospital可知，此處是指這名男子很快被
送往醫院。leave離開；admit錄取；remove去除；transport運送。
24. A. bright B. tough
C. short D. smooth
解析：　根據However可知，此處是指他面臨著一條艱難的康復
之路。bright光明的；tough艱難的；short短的；smooth光滑的。
25. A. heroes B. neighbours
C. friends D. doctors
解析：　根據空后for their quick thinking and compassion， which
ultimately saved the life of a fellow worker可知，這些細心的員工因
其敏捷的思維和同情心而被視為英雄。hero英雄；neighbour鄰
居；friend朋友；doctor醫生。
26. A. discussed B. announced
C. emphasized D. changed
解析：　根據下文We take care of our members. We take care of
our employees.可知，此處是指強調Costco大家庭中強烈的社區意
識。discuss討論；announce宣布；emphasize強調；change改變。
27. A. fame B. award C. luck D. world
解析：　此處指他們是全部。fame名譽；award獎勵；luck運
氣；world世界。
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　Habitat loss， pesticides and climate change 　28　 （threaten）
insect populations worldwide now.In 2019， Biological Conservation
reported that 40% of all insects species are declining 　29　 （global）
and that a third of them are endangered.
　　And 　30　 it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer roaches，
environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in
big trouble without insects.That’s because insects play critical 　31　
（role） in pollinating plants we eat， breaking down waste in forest soil
and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals — including
humans — rely upon.
“It would be 　32　 extremely terrible place to live in — and
certainly not something we should ever aim for，” Milman says of an
insect-free existence.“You would certainly have mass starvation and
societal unrest ...It’d be a place 　33　 there would be rotting feces
everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be
gone.”
　　Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in 　34　 （he） new
book， The Insect Crisis： The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the
World.He says that while it is impossible 　35　 （know） exactly
what’s happening with every insect species in the world， the overall
trends are not good： a UN assessment 　36　 （carry） out in 2019
found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction，
some in the coming decades.“The world， our surroundings， would be
far quieter and much 　37　 （boring） without insects，” he says.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于棲息地減少、農藥使用以及氣
候變化等原因，昆蟲在全球范圍內大幅度減少。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。由于棲息地減少、農藥使用以及氣
候變化等原因，昆蟲在全球范圍內大幅度減少。
28. are threatening　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句時間狀語為
now，因此這里用現在進行時。又因主語是復數，故填are
threatening。
29. globally　考查副詞。這里應用副詞修飾謂語動詞作狀語。
30. while/although/though　考查連詞。前后兩個分句之間存在轉折關
系，故填while/although/though引導讓步狀語從句。
31. roles　考查名詞復數。這里role是可數名詞，此處表達復數概念。
32. an　考查冠詞。這里表示泛指，且extremely的發音以元音音素開
頭，故填不定冠詞an。
33. where　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，前面的place為先
行詞，在從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。
34. his　考查代詞。設空處后面是名詞詞組new book，因此這里應用
形容詞性物主代詞his。
35. to know　考查非謂語動詞。本從句中前面的it為形式主語，這里
應用動詞不定式作真正的主語。
36. carried　考查非謂語動詞。這里應用過去分詞作后置定語，修飾
前面的名詞assessment。
37. more boring　考查形容詞的比較級。設空處前面的far quieter暗示
這里應用形容詞的比較級形式，故填more boring。
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