資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.All men have the right to pursue 　　　　　?。ㄗ杂桑?and happiness.
2.He 　　　　　?。ㄔO想） the idea of transforming the old power station into an arts centre yesterday.
3.It was a 　　　　　　（奇跡） that they built a hospital in just ten days.
4.The food was good and we loved the music. 　　　　　?。傊?it was a great evening.
5.The speaker m　　　　　　 the platform and addressed the crowd in English with great fluency.
6.His father， also a top-ranking officer，had p　　　　　　 during the war.
7.It seemed impossible that anyone could e　　　　 such pain.
8.He has warned that the serious conflicts within the country could lead to c　　　　　　 war.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.Many brave medical workers 　　　　　　（noble） devoted themselves to fighting against the virus.
2.Some 　　　　　　（divide） still exist among parents as to whether it is right to allow their children to use mobile phones.
3.Eyes for the Blind is an organisation 　　　　　　（dedicate） to providing service dogs for the visually damaged people.
4.Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong are widely regarded as China’s most famous and 　　　?。╥nfluence） artists.
5.It is believed that this event tests both physical and mental 　　　　　?。╡ndure）.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.　　　　　　　　 （為了紀念） the honored national hero， we set up a primary school named after him.
2.I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem， but 　　　　　　　　　（徒勞無益）.
3.You’d better 　　　　　　　　　（寫下） your idea in case you forget it.
4.The programme offers young people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?。ǐ@得工作經驗的機會）.
5.It is important for children to 　　　　　　　?。τ冢?family activities， which can strengthen their bonds with family members.
6.They just 　　　　　?。ㄌと耄?the entrance， when a well-dressed man approached them.
維度四：課文語法填空
　　On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863， a tall， thin man 1.　　　　 （mount） a platform in a field in Gettysburg， Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle 2.　　　　 thousands of soldiers had died.This was the famous Gettysburg Address and the man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the United States.
The Gettysburg Address was a short speech and 3.　　　　 （deliver） in the height of the American Civil War to commemorate the massive numbers of deaths and casualties at the bloody Battle of Gettysburg.The president spoke for two 4.　　　　 （minute）.His speech contained just 268 words， 5.　　　　 （include） the sentence “The world will little note， nor long remember， 6.　　　　 we say here.” But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
At that time， America was 7.　　　　 （bitter） divided.For two years， its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave-owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union.
The Gettysburg Address is considered a pivotal moment in the way Americans viewed 8.　　　　 （them） and their government.His speech gave people hope， belief and a reason 9.　　　　 （look） to the future.He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be.It was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South， 10.　　　　 the boundaries between black and white， and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　With the rapid development， the city of Chongqing is becoming more and more attractive to outsiders， including foreigners. For 26-year-old Moldovan Gabriela Cojocaru， who has the Chinese nickname Li Xiaoxiao， Chongqing is the beginning of a dream.
　　In September 2014， Xiaoxiao， who has studied ethnic dance and ballet since childhood， graduated from the Moldovan National Dance Academy， and several classmates joined her on a trip to China. However， she did not know any Chinese or even English. She made many friends from China， which gradually solved her obstacles in language communication and made herself better adapted to life in China.
　　“I think as a foreigner， first you have to learn Chinese，” she said. “Then you can go to better understand the culture and the Chinese people.” But after learning what she thought was Chinese， she discovered that the language she had spent two years learning is actually the Chongqing dialect. Such is her delivery that even a Chongqing local would be hard to tell that she is a foreigner by just hearing her voice. As Xiaoxiao thought Chongqing dialect was standard Chinese， she took considerable efforts to be good at it. This “mistake” has turned out to be a lucky strike.
　　But she is more interested in doing something that helps the two countries understand each other. As such， she introduced Chinese food or Chongqing food， and stories about China to her friends in Moldovan. She plans to introduce the history and specialties of Moldovan， such as Moldovan wine， to the Chinese. She hopes to let more people know that this country actually has a rich history of more than 5，000 years of wine-making.
　　“I’d love to do it，” she said. “I will continue to strengthen the culture of the two countries and hope that the two countries will become better and better.”
1.Why does Xiaoxiao make Chinese friends？
A.To study more about ethnic dance.
B.To appreciate more about new cultures.
C.To learn more local dialects.
D.To communicate with others more easily.
2.What does the underlined word “delivery” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.Dialect.　　　　　　　 B.Ballet.
C.Dream. D.Mistake.
3.Which of the following best describes Xiaoxiao according to the text？
A.Cautious and smart. B.Humorous and creative.
C.Friendly and optimistic. D.Hard-working and responsible.
4.Where can the text be found？
A.In a biography. B.In a culture magazine.
C.In a history book. D.In a novel.
B
　　Transportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves bring forth barriers to transportation and communication. In some countries， laws stop people from moving freely from place to place.
　　Over the centuries， many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race， religion， or nationality. In the Middle Ages， for example， Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities. South Africa’s government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travelled within the country. Some governments required all civilians to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they moved.
　　Countries set up customs posts at their borders. Foreign travellers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas. Some countries even limit the number of people who can visit their country each year. Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country， or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay. Many of those barriers to travelling also act as barriers to communication. When two governments have divisions in important matters， they usually do not want their civilians to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial secret information.
　　Today， people have the ability to travel， to communicate， and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily. The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers， people continue to enjoy travelling and the exchange of goods and ideas.
5.What are the examples in Paragraph 2 used to tell the readers？
A.People have been allowed to travel freely within the country.
B.People have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons.
C.Travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas.
D.Customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries.
6.Why do some governments limit the freedom of communication？
A.Because they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others.
B.Because they think such freedom will lead to wars.
C.Because they often disagree with each other on important matters.
D.Because they want to show their authority over communication.
7.What can be learned from the passage？
A.People do not care about the removal of barriers between countries.
B.People cannot remove the obstacles made by themselves.
C.Man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural ones.
D.Barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist.
8.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage？
A.Barriers Made by People B.Functions of Communication
C.Restrictions on Transportation D.Progress of Human Society
C
　　Sending a child to a selective school （精英學校） offers no benefit if they are high-achieving at age 11 and may even put them at a disadvantage， according to a research that analyzed almost half a million pupils from different types of schools — selectives， non-selectives， comprehensive schools and grammar schools， including areas where parents could choose their desired schools.
　　The research found that the highest achievers at age 11 were less likely to achieve five high GCSE grades if they went to a grammar school than if they went to a comprehensive school once other factors were taken into account.
　　The researchers looked at data on almost 500，000 pupils who attended state schools in England and took GCSEs in 2016， before the grading system was changed to use numbers. It analyzed their test scores at age 11， as well as their social backgrounds， ethnicities， special educational needs， genders （性別） and their birth months. Besides， they used analysis models that looked at results in the 36 local authorities with grammar schools and the 116 with only comprehensive schools， as well as areas that had both kinds.
　　The researchers concluded that， opposite to popular belief， selection is damaging to high performers. They suggested that this could be because of the “big fish little pond effect” and that pupils in selective schools may be demotivated （失去動力） by seeing themselves as less able in comparison to their classmates. The paper also warned that pupils who do not get into grammar schools may suffer from a lack of role models， a sense of failure and a higher concentration of disadvantaged pupils in their schools.
　　The stress of a competitive system may also have a negative effect on performance， the researchers added， or there may be wider issues that the research could not identify. Expansion of grammar schools and the selective system was unlikely to raise national academic standards， the researchers said， but recommended further studies to assess regional impact.
9.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？
A.To indicate possible views. B.To show differences between schools.
C.To give background information. D.To introduce the research conclusion.
10.How does the author describe the researchers’ work in Paragraph 3？
A.By giving data. B.By summarizing results.
C.By listing examples. D.By explaining reasons.
11.What is the popular belief about selection？
A.It benefits high performers. B.It is unfair for most students.
C.It discourages average students. D.It promotes disadvantaged pupils.
12.What’s the author’s attitude to the selective system？
A.Supportive. B.Uncaring.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in its culture. However， living with a foreign family can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience.
　　Be thankful. You have to understand that host families are doing it because they want to give a kid the opportunity to live abroad. 　13　. Showing them gratitude will take you a long way.
　　　14　. Feeling uncomfortable with host families at first is a completely normal feeling！ Keep in mind you’ve just got out of your comfort zone to start a new life. The language barrier can also be a struggle at first. Remember that you will adapt but it will take some time.
　　Feeling at home can be difficult at the beginning. 　15　. If you spend all your time in your room， it’s going to be hard to feel like you belong. Getting involved in everyday activities with your host family will help you create a family bond. For example， some families like having dinner together on weekends. Fit in. 　16　.
　　Lastly， communication is key. 　17　. It’s normal to know few customs and habits at first， so instead of doing things blindly， just ask. Whatever confuse you， just ask， and keep learning them when you are on your own！
A.Understand that love is important
B.If you are unsure about something， ask
C.They are willing to change for your own good
D.Challenge yourself to try something new continually
E.That’s why spending time in common areas is crucial
F.That’s why you benefit from everyday activities with your host family
G.Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their world
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　 16.　　　 17.　　　
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Mike發郵件詢問你大學畢業之后想去大城市工作還是回家鄉小鎮工作，請你給他寫一封郵件，內容包括：
　　1.你的選擇；
　　2.你的理由。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Mike，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.liberty　2.conceived　3.miracle　4.Altogether
5.mounted　6.perished　7.endure　8.civil
維度二
1.nobly　2.divisions　3.dedicated　4.influential　5.endurance
維度三
1.In memory of　2.in vain　3.set down　4.the chance to gain work experience　5.be engaged in　6.set foot in
維度四
1.mounted　2.where　3.was delivered　4.minutes　5.including
6.what　7.bitterly　8.themselves　9.to look　10.but
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一名外國女孩在中國學習漢語并積極促進兩國文化交流的故事。
1.D　細節理解題。根據第二段最后一句可知，Xiaoxiao 在中國交了很多朋友，這些朋友幫助她逐漸解決了語言交流上的困難，使她更好地適應了中國的生活。由此可知，交中國朋友可以幫助Xiaoxiao提升中文水平，從而與他人交流更輕松。
2.A　詞義猜測題。根據第三段中的she discovered that the language she had spent two years learning is actually the Chongqing dialect可知，Xiaoxiao 發現自己學了兩年的漢語其實是重慶方言，畫線詞是對重慶方言的指代。再根據畫線詞后的內容可知，即使是重慶當地人也很難通過她所說的話辨別出她是外國人，說明她的重慶方言說得很地道。
3.D　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的As Xiaoxiao thought Chongqing dialect was standard Chinese， she took considerable efforts to be good at it.以及第四段中的But she is more interested in doing something that helps the two countries understand each other.可知，Xiaoxiao下了很大的功夫來學習漢語并且希望做一些能夠幫助兩個國家了解彼此的事情。通過這些可知，她是一個既努力又有責任感的女孩。
4.B　文章出處題。通讀全文內容可知，文章主要講述了外國女孩Xiaoxiao來中國學習漢語并積極促進兩國文化交流的故事，所以本文最可能出現在與文化相關的雜志上。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了存在于各個國家和區域之間的各種障礙，有天然的，但更多是人為的。先進的科技手段可以幫助人們克服天然障礙，但是卻無法逾越人為障礙。
5.B　細節理解題。第二段第一句為該段主題句，然后舉例說明由于種族、宗教、國籍等多種原因，有些人的行動自由受到限制。
6.A　細節理解題。根據第三段中的Countries often try to keep military or industrial secret information.可知，有些政府限制信息交流自由是為了保守軍事與工業機密。
7.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的Natural barriers that were difficult ...people themselves make are not so easy to overcome.可知，一百年前很難或很危險去跨越的自然障礙在今天變得很容易跨越，而人為的障礙不那么容易被克服，即人為的障礙有時比自然的障礙更難克服。
8.A　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要圍繞人為障礙阻礙人際交流這一話題展開。因此A項適合作文章標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，如果孩子在11歲時表現優異，把他們送進精英學校對他們沒有任何好處，甚至可能使他們處于不利地位。
9.D　目的意圖題。根據第一、二段內容可知，第一段主要是為了引出研究的結論。
10.A　推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在該段中，作者通過給出相關數據描述了研究者們的研究工作。
11.A　細節理解題。根據第四段中的The researchers concluded that， opposite to popular belief， selection is damaging to high performers.可知，普遍看法應該是擇優選拔對表現優異者有好處。
12.C　觀點態度題。根據最后一段中的The stress of a competitive system may also have a negative effect on performance， the researchers added， or there may be wider issues that the research could not identify.可知，作者對于選拔系統持懷疑態度。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些如何與寄宿家庭一起生活、充分利用寄宿家庭這一經歷的一些建議。
13.C　根據上文可知，設空處承接上文，繼續闡述應該心存感激的原因；C項指出寄宿家庭愿意為了寄宿孩子而改變，符合語境；C項中的They指代上文中的host families。
14.D　根據下文可知，進入寄宿家庭是開始新的生活，也會面臨語言障礙，但是要克服挑戰，適應新的環境；D項符合本段主旨，能夠概括本段內容。
15.E　根據上下文可知，剛到寄宿家庭感到不拘束很難，但是只待在自己的房間很難有歸屬感，因此要參與寄宿家庭的日?；顒?；E項（這就是為什么花時間在公共區域是至關重要的）與上文構成因果關系，符合語境。
16.G　上文舉例說明應該融入到寄宿家庭的生活中；G項（他們不僅會感激，你也會覺得自己是他們世界的一部分）承接上文，闡述了融入寄宿家庭的家庭活動帶來的益處，符合語境；G項中的feel like a part of their world與本段中feel like you belong表達意思一致。
17.B　根據上下文可知，交流非常重要，遇到不懂的或者不確定的應該去問；B項（如果你對某件事不確定，就去問）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Mike，
　　How are you doing？ I’d like to tell you what I want to choose， whether to work in a big city or go home to work in my small town.
　　I’m planning to go to my small town after graduation， which is my childhood dream. I am willing to devote myself to the children there who lack educational resources. I believe in the saying “bloom where you are planted”， and I will do my best to work and achieve my goals.
Yours，
Li Hua
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
The Words That Changed A Nation
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863， a tall， thin man mounted① a platform in a field in Gettysburg， Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle [1]where thousands of soldiers had died.The man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the United States of America， and he was there in memory of② the soldiers [2]who had died.The speech [3]he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes.But this address③ to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape④ a nation.
　　[1]where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the site of a recent battle。
[2]who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the soldiers。
[3]he gave為省略了關系代詞that或which的定語從句，修飾先行詞The speech。
At that time， America was bitterly⑤ divided⑥.For two years， its people had been deep in a civil⑦ war between the slave⑧-owning Confederate⑨ Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union⑩.The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863.The Union side won， but at a great cost .Over 50，000 soldiers were killed or wounded， and people lost hope and purpose.What was all this suffering for？
Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people.His speech gave them hope， belief and a reason [4]to look to the future.He gave them a new vision of [5]what the United States of America should be， based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.It was [6]what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South， but the boundaries between black and white， and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
　　[4]動詞不定式短語作后置定語，修飾a reason。
[5]what引導賓語從句；過去分詞短語based on ...在句中作狀語；過去分詞短語set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before作后置定語，修飾the ideals。
[6]what引導表語從句，what在從句中作賓語。
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth ， upon this continent， a new nation， conceived in Liberty ， and dedicated to the proposition [7]that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war， [8]testing whether that nation， or any nation， so conceived， and so dedicated， can long endure .We are met here on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those [9]who here gave their lives that that nation might live.[10]It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
　　[7]that引導同位語從句，作the proposition的同位語。
　　[8]動詞-ing短語testing ...作定語，修飾civil war；whether引導賓語從句。
[9]who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞those；第一個that實為so that引導的目的狀語從句，省略了so。
[10]It作形式主語；that引導主語從句。
But in a larger sense， we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow this ground.The brave men， living and dead， [11]who struggled here， have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract .The world will little note ， nor long remember， [12]what we say here， but can never forget [13]what they did here.It is for us， the living， rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work [14]which they have， thus far ， so nobly carried on.[15]It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to
【讀文清障】
①mount v.走上，登上
②in memory of為了紀念……
③address n.演說，演講
④shape v.塑造；形成；決定
⑤bitterly adv.痛苦地；憤恨地
⑥divided adj.分裂的；有分歧的
⑦civil adj.公民的，國民的
civil war 內戰
⑧slave n.奴隸
⑨confederate adj.（美國內戰期間）南部聯邦的
⑩union n.聯邦
at a great cost 付出巨大的代價
civilian adj.平民的；百姓的
belief n.信念；相信，信心
set down 制定，規定（規則等）
division n.分歧，分裂
step by step 一步一步地
equality n.平等
score n.二十
bring forth使產生，使出現
conceive v.構想，設想
liberty n.自由
dedicate v.致力于，獻身于
proposition n.見解；主張；觀點
be engaged in從事于；忙于……
endure v.持續存在
battlefield n.戰場
portion n.一部分
altogether adv.完全
fitting adj.合適的；恰當的
consecrate v.宣布……為神圣之處
hallow v.使成為神圣
detract v.減低，破壞，損害
note v.注意，留意
thus far（故事）說到這兒；（情勢）到這一刻
nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地
that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain ；that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom； and that this government of the people， by the people， for the people， shall not perish from the earth.
（“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln）
　　[11]who引導非限制性定語從句，修飾The brave men。
[12]what引導賓語從句，作動詞note的賓語。
[13]what引導賓語從句，作動詞forget 的賓語。
[14]which引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the unfinished work。
[15]本句為主從復合句。其中含有四個that引導的同位語從句，它們均為名詞task的同位語。for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion為定語從句，修飾that cause； that these dead shall not have died in vain為賓語從句，作動詞resolve的賓語。
resolve v.決心；決定
in vain 白白地
perish v.死亡
【參考譯文】
改變了一個國家的演說
1863年11月19日，一個天空灰蒙蒙的下午，賓夕法尼亞州葛底斯堡的一塊空地上，一個高大瘦削的男人登上了講臺，開始演說。就在不久前，這里曾是一片戰場，數千名士兵犧牲于此。這個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來到這里悼念已逝的戰士。他的演說只有268個詞，時長兩分鐘，但卻改變了民眾的想法，甚至幫助塑造了整個國家。
在那時，美國分崩離析。兩年來，美國人民深陷內戰之中，一方是擁護奴隸制的南部聯邦，另一方是擁護“自由”的北方聯盟。最殘酷的戰斗持續了三天，就發生在1863年的葛底斯堡。北方聯盟取得了勝利，但代價慘重。五萬多名士兵死傷，人們失去了希望和目標。遭受這些苦難究竟是為了什么呢？
　　林肯理解民眾的感受。他的演說給了民眾希望、信念以及展望未來的理由。他給予了美國人民一個新的愿景，那就是依照87年前開國元勛的理念，美利堅合眾國本應成為的樣子。那也是已故的將士為之獻出生命的原因?，F在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間的分歧，還要打破黑人與白人之間的界限，一步一步朝著實現人類平等而努力。
87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家，它孕育于自由之中，致力于人人生而平等的理想。
當下我們正深陷于一場大規模的內戰之中，它考驗著這個國家，或者任何一個生于自由、對上述理想深信不疑的國家，能否長久生存下去?，F在我們聚集在這場內戰的一個重要戰場上，我們來到這里，是為了把這里的一部分土地獻給那些為了國家存續而獻出自己生命的人，作為他們最終的安息之地。我們這樣做是完全應當且非常恰當的。
　　但是，從更廣泛意義上來說，我們不能獻出——不能圣化——不能神化這塊土地，因為在這里勇敢抗爭的人們，不論生死，已經圣化了這片土地，這遠不是我們渺小的力量所能增減的。世界不會留意，也不會銘記我們在這里說了什么，但它永遠不會忘記他們在這里做的事情。他們英勇地堅持至今，現在是我們這些生者獻身于這未完成的事業的時候了。我們應該把自己奉獻于在我們面前的偉大事業——從這些光榮的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，來投身于他們為之竭盡最后一絲力量的事業——我們在這里下最大的決心，不讓逝者白白失去生命，要讓國家獲得自由的新生，要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。
（《葛底斯堡演講》——亞伯拉罕·林肯）
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A.Thousands of soldiers died because of the terrible world war.
B.The speech by Lincoln was over 268 words long and lasted two minutes.
C.The speech was of great help for the nation and the people.
D.Because some soldiers were killed， Lincoln made the speech.
2.When did the civil war take place？
A.In 1861.　　　 　B.In 1862. C.In 1863. D.In 1865.
3.How did the people feel after the civil war？
A.Excited. B.Suffered.
C.Equal. D.Hopeless.
4.In Lincoln’s eyes，what was the unfinished great task？
A.All people are treated equal and free.
B.They couldn’t forget what they did there.
C.The government should be for the people.
D.The country would never perish from the earth.
5.What does the text mainly tell us？
A.The famous US Presidents.
B.The great battles in history.
C.The power of speeches.
D.The division of America.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.What do you know about Abraham Lincoln？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What was Lincoln’s greatest charm？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析難句表達升級
1.The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died.
句式分析 本句為and 連接的并列句。在前面的分句中，President of the United States of America作Abraham Lincoln的　　??；后面的分句中，who 引導　　　　從句，修飾　　　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.
句式分析 what 引導　　　　從句，作介詞of的賓語；過去分詞短語based on ...before 作　　　　，其中的set down by ...作the ideals 的　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
in memory of為了紀念……；追念
【教材原句】　The man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the United States of America， and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died.
這個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來到這里悼念已逝的戰士。
【用法】
in hono（u）r of　　　　 為了紀念……
in praise of 為贊揚……
in charge of 負責……；主管……
in search of 尋找……
in need of 需要……
in control of 控制……
in possession of 擁有……
【佳句】　He wrote a poem in memory of those who had died in the earthquake.
他寫了一首詩來紀念那些在地震中遇難的人。
【練透】　選用左欄短語填空
①With the help of her mother，she wrote many poems 　　　　　　　　freedom.
②The outstanding scientist is 　　　　　　　　tackling the matter.
③The police were 　　　　　　　　the two suspects in connection with the robbery.
【寫美】　補全句子
④如果你需要延長期限，向教授解釋情況。
If you are 　　　　　　a deadline extension， explain the situation to the professor.
remove vt.去除；移開；脫去；開除；搬家
【教材原句】　Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South ... 現在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間的分歧……
【用法】
remove ...from ...　　　 把……從……移開
remove from ...to ... 從……搬到……
remove sb from one’s post 撤職；開除
remove sb from school 從學校開除某人
remove one’s doubt 消除某人的疑慮
【佳句】　 If you can’t be a pencil to write anyone’s happiness， try to be a nice eraser to remove their sadness.
若是你無法成為一支鉛筆來書寫別人的快樂，那就努力成為一塊好的橡皮來抹去他們的悲傷。
【練透】　語境辨義
①Because of the serious air pollution， he decided to remove from the city to the countryside.　　　　　
②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor performance. 　　　　　
【寫美】　補全句子
③意識到媽媽工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩幫助媽媽把包從肩上拿下來。
Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work， the little girl helps to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
division n.分歧，分裂；差異；分配；除法
【教材原句】　Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South ... 現在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間的分歧……
【用法】
（1）divide v. （使）分開，（把……）分成，分配
divide ...into ...　　 把……分成……
divide ...between/among ... 在……之間分配……
（2）divided adj. 分裂的，有分歧的
【佳句】　The civil war eventually led to a permanent division of the country.
內戰最終導致這個國家永久分裂。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Educationalists are 　　　　　?。╠ivide） about how to teach reading.
②Though there are some 　　　　　　（divide） among us， it doesn’t mean that our teamwork is fruitless.
【寫美】　補全句子
③到了農場后，我們被分成三個小組。（活動介紹）
After arriving at the farm， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　three groups.
bring forth 使產生，使出現
【教材原句】　Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth， upon this continent， a new nation ... 87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家……
【用法】
bring about　　 造成，引起，帶來
bring down 擊敗；減少；降低
bring in 介紹，引進；賺得
bring out （尤指）出版；使顯現
bring up 提出（議題等）；撫養；嘔吐
bring back 帶回；使回憶起
【佳句】　The picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my senior high school days. 這張照片常常讓我回想起高中時代的許多美好回憶。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I clearly remember the question brought 　　　　　　a heated discussion.
②With the prices brought 　　　　， I have bought more products so that I can bring 　　　　　　　more profits.
③I hope to bring 　　　　my new book in the spring of next year.
【寫美】　補全句子
④我堅信這些努力必將產生良好的結果。
I hold the firm belief that these efforts will surely 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
dedicate v.致力于，獻身于
【教材原句】　Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth， upon this continent， a new nation， conceived in Liberty， and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家，它孕育于自由之中，致力于人人生而平等的理想。
【用法】
（1）dedicate oneself to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事，獻身于（做）某事
（2）dedicated adj. 獻身的；專心致志的
be dedicated to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事，獻身于（做）某事
（3）dedication n. 獻身，奉獻
【佳句】　What I can do at present is dedicate myself to my study.
現在我能做的事情是致力于學習。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①To reach a high level of skill requires talent， 　　　　　?。╠edicate）， and a lot of hard work.
【寫美】　補全句子
②這位商人致力于為留守兒童建造新學校，他受到周圍人的尊敬。
The businessman 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and he is respected by those around him.
be engaged in 忙于/從事（做）……
【教材原句】　Now we are engaged in a great civil war， testing whether that nation， or any nation， so conceived， and so dedicated， can long endure.
當下我們正深陷于一場大規模的內戰之中，它考驗著這個國家，或者任何一個生于自由、對上述理想深信不疑的國家，能否長久生存下去。
【用法】
（1）engaged adj.　　　　 從事于，忙于；已訂婚的；電話占線的
get/be engaged to sb 與某人訂婚
（2）engagement n. 婚約；約會；聘用
【佳句】　With the development of the Internet， more and more people will be engaged in blogging. Blogs are the place where young people reveal their souls.
隨著互聯網的發展，越來越多的人會忙著寫博客。博客是年輕人展示自己靈魂的地方。
【聯想】　表示“忙于（做）某事”的短語還有be employed in doing sth，be busy with sth/（in） doing sth，be occupied with/（in） doing sth等。
【生義】　I gave you a call early in the morning but the line’s engaged.
我一早給你打過電話，但線路忙。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①He will have a lot of social 　　　　　?。╡ngage） next week.
②Bill was engaged 　　　　Betty， an excellent comic actor， which made his parents happy.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他在一家家具店工作，每天忙于給家具刷油漆。
→He works in a furniture store where he 　　　　　　　　　　painting the furniture every day.（engaged）
→He works in a furniture store where he 　　　　　　　　　　painting the furniture every day.（busy）
→He works in a furniture store where he 　　　　　　　　　　painting the furniture every day.（occupied）
influential adj.有影響力的
【教材原句】　Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
埃德加·斯諾是一位美國記者，他在20世紀30年代撰寫了有關中國的有影響力的書籍和文章。
【用法】
（1）be influential in （doing） sth 對（做）某事有影響
（2）influence n. 影響，作用
v. 影響，對……起作用
have an influence on/upon ... 對……有影響
under the influence of ... 在……的影響下
influence sb to do sth 影響某人去做某事
【佳句】　The experience will have a great influence on/upon my life and I’m expecting to have another chance in the future.
這段經歷將對我的生活產生很大的影響，我期待在未來有另一個機會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①John was 　　　　　?。╥nfluence） in persuading the producers to put money into the film.
②While all types of bags have some influences 　　　　　　the environment， it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder.
③What influenced you 　　　　　?。╟hoose） a career in nursing？
【寫美】　補全句子
④我受到慷慨的母親的影響，決心將善良傳遞下去，以減輕別人內心的痛苦。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　，I determined to pass on kindness to relieve others’ inner pain.
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：動詞不定式短語作定語
【教材原句】　His speech gave them hope， belief and a reason to look to the future.
他的演說給了民眾希望、信念以及展望未來的理由。
【用法】
英語中常用動詞不定式短語作后置定語的情況：
（1）被修飾詞為序數詞、形容詞最高級或被序數詞、形容詞最高級修飾時；
（2）抽象名詞way，chance，ability，opportunity等后常用動詞不定式作定語；
（3）被修飾詞前有the only，the very，the next等詞對其進行修飾時。
【品悟】　You shouldn’t be afraid.Maybe this is your chance to meet them.
你不應該害怕。也許這是你認識他們的機會。
【寫美】　微寫作
①隨著夜幕降臨，一睹這個城市之美的最佳地方是在大樓的頂層。
As darkness falls， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is on the top floor of the building.
②我有能力使班級秩序井然，因為多年當班長的經驗已經使我成為一個優秀的組織者。
I have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　because the experience of being a monitor for many years has made me a brilliant organizer.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.background　2.divided　3.brought forth
4.gave their lives
第二步
1－5　CADAC
第三步
1.Abraham Lincoln （12 February 1809－15 April 1865） was an American statesman， thinker， and strategist. He was the 16th President of the United States.During his presidency， the civil war broke out in the United States.He abolished slavery in the rebellious states.
2.His image was great， his life was in the struggle， and he had a great personality charm： high ambition， strong will， devotion to the motherland and so on.
第四步
1.同位語　定語　the soldiers
這個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來到這里悼念已逝的戰士。
2.賓語　狀語　后置定語
他給予了美國人民一個新的愿景，那就是依照87年前開國元勛的理念，美利堅合眾國本應成為的樣子。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①in praise of　②in charge of　③in search of
④in need of
2.①搬家?、陂_除　③remove the bag from her mom’s shoulder
3.①divided?、赿ivisions?、踳ere divided into
4.①about?、赿own； in?、踥ut?、躡ring forth good results
5.①dedication?、赿edicates himself to/is dedicated to building new schools for left-behind children
6.①engagements　②to?、踚s engaged in； is busy （in）； is occupied （in）
7.①influential?、趏n/upon?、踭o choose ④Influenced by my generous mother
重點句型解構
①the best place to witness the beauty of the city ②the ability to keep the class in order
9 / 10(共107張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖語篇
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
The Words That Changed A Nation
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863， a tall， thin man
mounted① a platform in a field in Gettysburg， Pennsylvania and began to
speak.The place was the site of a recent battle [1]where thousands of
soldiers had died.The man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the
United States of America， and he was there in memory of② the soldiers
[2]who had died.The speech [3]he gave was just 268 words long and
lasted two minutes.But this address③ to the crowd changed the minds of
his people and helped shape④ a nation.
　　[1]where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the site of a recent battle。
[2]who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the soldiers。
[3]he gave為省略了關系代詞that或which的定語從句，修飾先行詞The speech。
【讀文清障】
①mount v.走上，登上
②in memory of為了紀念……
③address n.演說，演講
④shape v.塑造；形成；決定
At that time， America was bitterly⑤ divided⑥.For two years， its
people had been deep in a civil⑦ war between the slave⑧-owning
Confederate⑨ Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the
Union⑩.The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in
1863.The Union side won， but at a great cost .Over 50，000 soldiers
were killed or wounded， and people lost hope and purpose.What was all
this suffering for？
⑤bitterly adv.痛苦地；憤恨地
⑥divided adj.分裂的；有分歧的
⑦civil adj.公民的，國民的
civil war 內戰
⑧slave n.奴隸
⑨confederate adj.（美國內戰期間）南部聯邦的
⑩union n.聯邦
at a great cost 付出巨大的代價
Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people.His speech
gave them hope， belief and a reason [4]to look to the future.He gave
them a new vision of [5]what the United States of America should be，
based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.It
was [6]what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living to
remove not only the divisions between North and South， but the
boundaries between black and white， and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
　　[4]動詞不定式短語作后置定語，修飾a reason。
[5]what引導賓語從句；過去分詞短語based on ...在句中作狀
語；過去分詞短語set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before作后
置定語，修飾the ideals。
[6]what引導表語從句，what在從句中作賓語。
civilian adj.平民的；百姓的
belief n.信念；相信，信心
set down 制定，規定（規則等）
division n.分歧，分裂
step by step 一步一步地
equality n.平等
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth ， upon
this continent， a new nation， conceived in Liberty ， and dedicated
to the proposition [7]that all men are created equal.
　　[7]that引導同位語從句，作the proposition的同位語。
score n.二十
bring forth使產生，使出現
conceive v.構想，設想
liberty n.自由
dedicate v.致力于，獻身于
proposition n.見解；主張；觀點
Now we are engaged in a great civil war， [8]testing whether that
nation， or any nation， so conceived， and so dedicated， can long
endure .We are met here on a great battlefield of that war.We have
come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those [9]who
here gave their lives that that nation might live.[10]It is altogether
fitting and proper that we should do this.
[8]動詞-ing短語testing ...作定語，修飾civil war；whether引導賓語從句。
[9]who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞those；第一個that實為so that
引導的目的狀語從句，省略了so。
[10]It作形式主語；that引導主語從句。
be engaged in從事于；忙于……
endure v.持續存在
battlefield n.戰場
portion n.一部分
altogether adv.完全
fitting adj.合適的；恰當的
But in a larger sense， we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate
— we can not hallow this ground.The brave men， living and dead，
[11]who struggled here， have consecrated it far above our poor power to
add or detract .The world will little note ， nor long remember，
[12]what we say here， but can never forget [13]what they did here.It is
for us， the living， rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work
[14]which they have， thus far ， so nobly carried on.[15]It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they
here gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain ；that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom； and that this government of the people， by the people， for the people， shall not perish from the earth.
（“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln）
　　[11]who引導非限制性定語從句，修飾The brave men。
[12]what引導賓語從句，作動詞note的賓語。
[13]what引導賓語從句，作動詞forget 的賓語。
[14]which引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the unfinished work。
[15]本句為主從復合句。其中含有四個that引導的同位語從句，
它們均為名詞task的同位語。for which they here gave the last full
measure of devotion為定語從句，修飾that cause； that these dead shall
not have died in vain為賓語從句，作動詞resolve的賓語。
consecrate v.宣布……為神圣之處
hallow v.使成為神圣
detract v.減低，破壞，損害
note v.注意，留意
thus far（故事）說到這兒；（情勢）到這一刻
nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地
resolve v.決心；決定
in vain 白白地
perish v.死亡
【參考譯文】
改變了一個國家的演說
1863年11月19日，一個天空灰蒙蒙的下午，賓夕法尼亞州葛
底斯堡的一塊空地上，一個高大瘦削的男人登上了講臺，開始演
說。就在不久前，這里曾是一片戰場，數千名士兵犧牲于此。這
個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來到這里悼念已逝的戰士。
他的演說只有268個詞，時長兩分鐘，但卻改變了民眾的想法，甚
至幫助塑造了整個國家。
　　在那時，美國分崩離析。兩年來，美國人民深陷內戰之中，一方
是擁護奴隸制的南部聯邦，另一方是擁護“自由”的北方聯盟。最殘
酷的戰斗持續了三天，就發生在1863年的葛底斯堡。北方聯盟取得了
勝利，但代價慘重。五萬多名士兵死傷，人們失去了希望和目標。遭
受這些苦難究竟是為了什么呢？
　　林肯理解民眾的感受。他的演說給了民眾希望、信念以及展望未
來的理由。他給予了美國人民一個新的愿景，那就是依照87年前開國
元勛的理念，美利堅合眾國本應成為的樣子。那也是已故的將士為之
獻出生命的原因?，F在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間
的分歧，還要打破黑人與白人之間的界限，一步一步朝著實現人類平
等而努力。
87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家，它孕育
于自由之中，致力于人人生而平等的理想。
當下我們正深陷于一場大規模的內戰之中，它考驗著這個國
家，或者任何一個生于自由、對上述理想深信不疑的國家，能否
長久生存下去?，F在我們聚集在這場內戰的一個重要戰場上，我
們來到這里，是為了把這里的一部分土地獻給那些為了國家存續
而獻出自己生命的人，作為他們最終的安息之地。我們這樣做是
完全應當且非常恰當的。
　　但是，從更廣泛意義上來說，我們不能獻出——不能圣化——不
能神化這塊土地，因為在這里勇敢抗爭的人們，不論生死，已經圣化
了這片土地，這遠不是我們渺小的力量所能增減的。世界不會留意，
也不會銘記我們在這里說了什么，但它永遠不會忘記他們在這里做的
事情。他們英勇地堅持至今，現在是我們這些生者獻身于這未完成的
事業的時候了。我們應該把自己奉獻于在我們面前的偉大事業——從
這些光榮的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，來投身于他們為之竭盡最后一
絲力量的事業——我們在這里下最大的決心，不讓逝者白白失去生
命，要讓國家獲得自由的新生，要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。
（《葛底斯堡演講》——亞伯拉罕·林肯）
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A. Thousands of soldiers died because of the terrible world war.
B. The speech by Lincoln was over 268 words long and lasted two
minutes.
C. The speech was of great help for the nation and the people.
D. Because some soldiers were killed， Lincoln made the speech.
2. When did the civil war take place？
A. In 1861. B. In 1862.
C. In 1863. D. In 1865.
3. How did the people feel after the civil war？
A. Excited. B. Suffered.
C. Equal. D. Hopeless.
4. In Lincoln’s eyes，what was the unfinished great task？
A. All people are treated equal and free.
B. They couldn’t forget what they did there.
C. The government should be for the people.
D. The country would never perish from the earth.
5. What does the text mainly tell us？
A. The famous US Presidents.
B. The great battles in history.
C. The power of speeches.
D. The division of America.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. What do you know about Abraham Lincoln？





　Abraham Lincoln （12 February 1809－15 April 1865） was an
American statesman， thinker， and strategist. He was the 16th
President of the United States.During his presidency， the civil war
broke out in the United States.He abolished slavery in the rebellious
states.　
2. What was Lincoln’s greatest charm？



　His image was great， his life was in the struggle， and he had a
great personality charm： high ambition， strong will， devotion to
the motherland and so on.　
第四步：析難句表達升級
1. The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of
America，and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died.
句式分析 本句為and 連接的并列句。在前面的分句中，President of
the United States of America作Abraham Lincoln的 ；后面
的分句中，who 引導 從句，修飾 。
自主翻譯

同位語　
定語　
the soldiers　
這個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來到這里悼念
已逝的戰士?！?br/>2. He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should
be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years
before.
句式分析 what 引導 從句，作介詞of的賓語；過去分詞短
語based on ...before 作 ，其中的set down by ...作the
ideals 的 。
自主翻譯

賓語　
狀語　
后置定語　
他給予了美國人民一個新的愿景，那就是依照87年前
開國元勛的理念，美利堅合眾國本應成為的樣子。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
in memory of為了紀念……；追念
【教材原句】　The man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the
United States of America， and he was there in memory of the
soldiers who had died. 這個人是美國總統亞伯拉罕·林肯，他來
到這里悼念已逝的戰士。
【用法】
in hono（u）r of　 為了紀念……
in praise of　　為贊揚……
in charge of　　負責……；主管……
in search of　　尋找……
in need of　　需要……
in control of　　控制……
in possession of　　擁有……
【佳句】　He wrote a poem in memory of those who had died in the
earthquake.
他寫了一首詩來紀念那些在地震中遇難的人。
【練透】　選用上面短語填空
①With the help of her mother，she wrote many poems
freedom.
②The outstanding scientist is tackling the matter.
③The police were the two suspects in connection with
the robbery.
in praise of　
in charge of　
in search of　
【寫美】　補全句子
④如果你需要延長期限，向教授解釋情況。
If you are a deadline extension， explain the situation to
the professor.
in need of　
remove vt.去除；移開；脫去；開除；搬家
【教材原句】　Now it was up to the living to remove not only the
divisions between North and South ...
現在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間的分歧……
【用法】
remove ...from ...　 把……從……移開
remove from ...to ...　　從……搬到……
remove sb from one’s post　　撤職；開除
remove sb from school　　從學校開除某人
remove one’s doubt　　消除某人的疑慮
【佳句】　 If you can’t be a pencil to write anyone’s happiness， try
to be a nice eraser to remove their sadness.
若是你無法成為一支鉛筆來書寫別人的快樂，那就努力成為一塊好的
橡皮來抹去他們的悲傷。
【練透】　語境辨義
①Because of the serious air pollution， he decided to remove from the
city to the countryside.
②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor
performance.
搬家　
開除　
【寫美】　補全句子
③意識到媽媽工作一天后肯定累了，小女孩幫助媽媽把包從肩上
拿下來。
Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work， the little girl
helps to .
remove the bag from her mom’s shoulder　
division n.分歧，分裂；差異；分配；除法
【教材原句】　Now it was up to the living to remove not only the
divisions between North and South ...
現在，責任落到了生者身上，不僅要消除南北之間的分歧……
【用法】
（1）divide v.（使）分開，（把……）分成，分配
divide ...into ...　　把……分成……
divide ...between/among ...　　在……之間分配……
（2）divided adj.　　分裂的，有分歧的
【佳句】　The civil war eventually led to a permanent division of the
country.
內戰最終導致這個國家永久分裂。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Educationalists are （divide） about how to teach reading.
②Though there are some （divide） among us， it
doesn’t mean that our teamwork is fruitless.
divided　
divisions　
【寫美】　補全句子
③到了農場后，我們被分成三個小組。（活動介紹）
After arriving at the farm， we three groups.
were divided into　
bring forth 使產生，使出現
【教材原句】　Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought
forth， upon this continent， a new nation ...
87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家……
【用法】
bring about　　造成，引起，帶來
bring down　　擊敗；減少；降低
bring in　　介紹，引進；賺得
bring out　?。ㄓ戎福┏霭?；使顯現
bring up　　提出（議題等）；撫養；嘔吐
brink back　　帶回；使回憶起
【佳句】　The picture often brings back to me many happy memories of
my senior high school days.
這張照片常常讓我回想起高中時代的許多美好回憶。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I clearly remember the question brought a heated discussion.
②With the prices brought ， I have bought more products so
that I can bring more profits.
③I hope to bring my new book in the spring of next year.
about　
down　
in　
out　
【寫美】　補全句子
④我堅信這些努力必將產生良好的結果。
I hold the firm belief that these efforts will surely
.
bring forth good
results　
dedicate v.致力于，獻身于
【教材原句】　Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought
forth， upon this continent， a new nation， conceived in Liberty， and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
87年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家，它孕育于自
由之中，致力于人人生而平等的理想。
【用法】
（1）dedicate oneself to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事，獻身于
（做）某事
（2）dedicated adj.　　獻身的；專心致志的
be dedicated to （doing） sth　　致力于（做）某事，獻身于（做）
某事
（3）dedication n.　　獻身，奉獻
【佳句】　What I can do at present is dedicate myself to my study. 現在
我能做的事情是致力于學習。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①To reach a high level of skill requires talent，
（dedicate）， and a lot of hard work.
dedication　
【寫美】　補全句子
②這位商人致力于為留守兒童建造新學校，他受到周圍人的尊敬。
The businessman
and he is respected by those around
him.
dedicates himself to/is dedicated to building new
schools for left-behind children　
be engaged in 忙于/從事（做）……
【教材原句】　Now we are engaged in a great civil war， testing
whether that nation， or any nation， so conceived， and so dedicated，
can long endure. 當下我們正深陷于一場大規模的內戰之中，它考驗著
這個國家，或者任何一個生于自由、對上述理想深信不疑的國家，能
否長久生存下去。
【用法】
（1）engaged adj.　　從事于，忙于；已訂婚的；電話占線的
get/be engaged to sb　　與某人訂婚
（2）engagement n.　　婚約；約會；聘用
【佳句】　With the development of the Internet， more and more people
will be engaged in blogging. Blogs are the place where young people
reveal their souls.
隨著互聯網的發展，越來越多的人會忙著寫博客。博客是年輕人展示
自己靈魂的地方。
【聯想】　表示“忙于（做）某事”的短語還有be employed in doing
sth，be busy with sth/（in） doing sth，be occupied with/（in） doing
sth等。
【生義】　I gave you a call early in the morning but the line’s
engaged.
我一早給你打過電話，但線路忙。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①He will have a lot of social （engage） next week.
②Bill was engaged Betty， an excellent comic actor， which
made his parents happy.
engagements　
to　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③他在一家家具店工作，每天忙于給家具刷油漆。
→He works in a furniture store where he painting the
furniture every day.（engaged）
→He works in a furniture store where he painting the
furniture every day.（busy）
→He works in a furniture store where he painting
the furniture every day.（occupied）
is engaged in　
is busy （in）　
is occupied （in）　
influential adj.有影響力的
【教材原句】　Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote
influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
埃德加·斯諾是一位美國記者，他在20世紀30年代撰寫了有關中國的
有影響力的書籍和文章。
【用法】
（1）be influential in （doing） sth 對（做）某事有影響
（2）influence n.　　影響，作用
v.　　影響，對……起作用
have an influence on/upon ...　　對……有影響
under the influence of ...　　在……的影響下
influence sb to do sth　　影響某人去做某事
【佳句】　The experience will have a great influence on/upon my life
and I’m expecting to have another chance in the future.
這段經歷將對我的生活產生很大的影響，我期待在未來有另一個
機會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①John was （influence） in persuading the producers to
put money into the film.
②While all types of bags have some influences the
environment， it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder.
③What influenced you （choose） a career in nursing？
influential　
on/upon　
to choose　
【寫美】　補全句子
④我受到慷慨的母親的影響，決心將善良傳遞下去，以減輕別人內心
的痛苦。
，I determined to pass on kindness
to relieve others’ inner pain.
Influenced by my generous mother　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：動詞不定式短語作定語
【教材原句】　His speech gave them hope， belief and a reason to look
to the future.
他的演說給了民眾希望、信念以及展望未來的理由。
【用法】
英語中常用動詞不定式短語作后置定語的情況：
（1）被修飾詞為序數詞、形容詞最高級或被序數詞、形容詞最高級
修飾時；
（2）抽象名詞way，chance，ability，opportunity等后常用動詞不定
式作定語；
（3）被修飾詞前有the only，the very，the next等詞對其進行修飾
時。
【品悟】　You shouldn’t be afraid.Maybe this is your chance to meet
them.
你不應該害怕。也許這是你認識他們的機會。
【寫美】　微寫作
①隨著夜幕降臨，一睹這個城市之美的最佳地方是在大樓的頂層。
As darkness falls， is
on the top floor of the building.
②我有能力使班級秩序井然，因為多年當班長的經驗已經使我成為一
個優秀的組織者。
I have because the experience of
being a monitor for many years has made me a brilliant organizer.
the best place to witness the beauty of the city　
the ability to keep the class in order　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. All men have the right to pursue （自由） and happiness.
2. He （設想） the idea of transforming the old power
station into an arts centre yesterday.
3. It was a （奇跡） that they built a hospital in just ten
days.
liberty　
conceived　
miracle　
4. The food was good and we loved the music. （總之）
it was a great evening.
5. The speaker m the platform and addressed the crowd in
English with great fluency.
6. His father， also a top-ranking officer，had p during the war.
7. It seemed impossible that anyone could e such pain.
8. He has warned that the serious conflicts within the country could lead to
c war.
Altogether　
ounted　
erished　
ndure　
ivil　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. Many brave medical workers （noble） devoted themselves
to fighting against the virus.
2. Some （divide） still exist among parents as to whether
it is right to allow their children to use mobile phones.
3. Eyes for the Blind is an organisation （dedicate） to
providing service dogs for the visually damaged people.
4. Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong are widely regarded as China’s most
famous and （influence）artists.
5. It is believed that this event tests both physical and
mental （endure）.
nobly　
divisions　
dedicated　
influential　
endurance　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （為了紀念） the honored national hero， we set
up a primary school named after him.
2. I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem， but
（徒勞無益）.
3. You’d better （寫下） your idea in case you forget it.
4. The programme offers young people
（獲得工作經驗的機會）.
In memory of　
in
vain　
set down　
the chance to gain work
experience　
5. It is important for children to （忙于） family
activities， which can strengthen their bonds with family members.
6. They just （踏入） the entrance， when a well-dressed
man approached them.
be engaged in　
set foot in　
維度四：課文語法填空
　　On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863， a tall， thin man
1. （mount） a platform in a field in Gettysburg，
Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle 2. thousands of soldiers had died.This was the famous
Gettysburg Address and the man was Abraham Lincoln， President of the United States.
mounted　
where　
The Gettysburg Address was a short speech and 3.
（deliver） in the height of the American Civil War to commemorate the
massive numbers of deaths and casualties at the bloody Battle of
Gettysburg.The president spoke for two 4. （minute）.His
speech contained just 268 words， 5. （include） the
sentence “The world will little note， nor long remember， 6.
we say here.” But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his
people and helped shape a nation.
was delivered　
minutes　
including　
what　
At that time， America was 7. （bitter） divided.For
two years， its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave-
owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of
the Union.
bitterly　
The Gettysburg Address is considered a pivotal moment in the way
Americans viewed 8. （them） and their government.His
speech gave people hope， belief and a reason 9. （look） to
the future.He gave them a new vision of what the United States of
America should be.It was up to the living to remove not only the divisions
between North and South， 10. the boundaries between black and
white， and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
themselves　
to look　
but　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　With the rapid development， the city of Chongqing is becoming
more and more attractive to outsiders， including foreigners. For 26-year-
old Moldovan Gabriela Cojocaru， who has the Chinese nickname Li
Xiaoxiao， Chongqing is the beginning of a dream.
　　In September 2014， Xiaoxiao， who has studied ethnic dance and
ballet since childhood， graduated from the Moldovan National Dance
Academy， and several classmates joined her on a trip to China.
However， she did not know any Chinese or even English. She made
many friends from China， which gradually solved her obstacles in
language communication and made herself better adapted to life in China.
　　“I think as a foreigner， first you have to learn Chinese，” she
said. “Then you can go to better understand the culture and the Chinese
people.” But after learning what she thought was Chinese， she
discovered that the language she had spent two years learning is actually
the Chongqing dialect. Such is her delivery that even a Chongqing local
would be hard to tell that she is a foreigner by just hearing her voice. As
Xiaoxiao thought Chongqing dialect was standard Chinese， she took
considerable efforts to be good at it. This “mistake” has turned out to be
a lucky strike.
　　But she is more interested in doing something that helps the two
countries understand each other. As such， she introduced Chinese food
or Chongqing food， and stories about China to her friends in Moldovan.
She plans to introduce the history and specialties of Moldovan， such as
Moldovan wine， to the Chinese. She hopes to let more people know that
this country actually has a rich history of more than 5，000 years of wine-
making.
　　“I’d love to do it，” she said. “I will continue to strengthen the
culture of the two countries and hope that the two countries will become
better and better.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一名外國女孩在中
國學習漢語并積極促進兩國文化交流的故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一名外國女孩在中
國學習漢語并積極促進兩國文化交流的故事。
1. Why does Xiaoxiao make Chinese friends？
A. To study more about ethnic dance.
B. To appreciate more about new cultures.
C. To learn more local dialects.
D. To communicate with others more easily.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段最后一句可知，Xiaoxiao 在中
國交了很多朋友，這些朋友幫助她逐漸解決了語言交流上的困難，
使她更好地適應了中國的生活。由此可知，交中國朋友可以幫助
Xiaoxiao提升中文水平，從而與他人交流更輕松。
2. What does the underlined word “delivery” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Dialect. B. Ballet.
C. Dream. D. Mistake.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第三段中的she discovered that the
language she had spent two years learning is actually the Chongqing
dialect可知，Xiaoxiao 發現自己學了兩年的漢語其實是重慶方言，
畫線詞是對重慶方言的指代。再根據畫線詞后的內容可知，即使是
重慶當地人也很難通過她所說的話辨別出她是外國人，說明她的重
慶方言說得很地道。
3. Which of the following best describes Xiaoxiao according to the text？
A. Cautious and smart.
B. Humorous and creative.
C. Friendly and optimistic.
D. Hard-working and responsible.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的As Xiaoxiao thought
Chongqing dialect was standard Chinese， she took considerable
efforts to be good at it.以及第四段中的But she is more interested in
doing something that helps the two countries understand each other.可
知，Xiaoxiao下了很大的功夫來學習漢語并且希望做一些能夠幫助
兩個國家了解彼此的事情。通過這些可知，她是一個既努力又有責
任感的女孩。
4. Where can the text be found？
A. In a biography.
B. In a culture magazine.
C. In a history book.
D. In a novel.
解析：　文章出處題。通讀全文內容可知，文章主要講述了外國
女孩Xiaoxiao來中國學習漢語并積極促進兩國文化交流的故事，所
以本文最可能出現在與文化相關的雜志上。
B
　　Transportation and communication networks bring people together.
Yet sometimes people themselves bring forth barriers to transportation and
communication. In some countries， laws stop people from moving freely
from place to place.
　　Over the centuries， many groups of people have been denied the
freedom to travel because of their race， religion， or nationality. In the
Middle Ages， for example， Jews were often forbidden to move about
freely within certain cities. South Africa’s government used to require
black Africans to carry passes when they travelled within the country.
Some governments required all civilians to carry identification papers and
to report to government officials whenever they moved.
　　Countries set up customs posts at their borders. Foreign travellers
must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in
the country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as
passports and visas. Some countries even limit the number of people who
can visit their country each year. Others allow tourists to visit only certain
areas of the country， or they may require that travellers be with an
official guide at all times during their stay. Many of those barriers to
travelling also act as barriers to communication. When two governments have divisions in important matters， they usually do not want their civilians to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial secret information.
　　Today， people have the ability to travel， to communicate， and to
transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before. Natural barriers
that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be
crossed easily. The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to
overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers， people
continue to enjoy travelling and the exchange of goods and ideas.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了存在于各個國家和區域
之間的各種障礙，有天然的，但更多是人為的。先進的科技手段可
以幫助人們克服天然障礙，但是卻無法逾越人為障礙。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了存在于各個國家和區域
之間的各種障礙，有天然的，但更多是人為的。先進的科技手段可
以幫助人們克服天然障礙，但是卻無法逾越人為障礙。
5. What are the examples in Paragraph 2 used to tell the readers？
A. People have been allowed to travel freely within the country.
B. People have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons.
C. Travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas.
D. Customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries.
解析：　細節理解題。第二段第一句為該段主題句，然后舉
例說明由于種族、宗教、國籍等多種原因，有些人的行動自由
受到限制。
6. Why do some governments limit the freedom of communication？
A. Because they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others.
B. Because they think such freedom will lead to wars.
C. Because they often disagree with each other on important matters.
D. Because they want to show their authority over communication.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段中的Countries often try to keep
military or industrial secret information.可知，有些政府限制信息交
流自由是為了保守軍事與工業機密。
7. What can be learned from the passage？
A. People do not care about the removal of barriers between countries.
B. People cannot remove the obstacles made by themselves.
C. Man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural
ones.
D. Barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的Natural barriers that were
difficult ...people themselves make are not so easy to overcome.可
知，一百年前很難或很危險去跨越的自然障礙在今天變得很容易跨
越，而人為的障礙不那么容易被克服，即人為的障礙有時比自然的
障礙更難克服。
8. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage？
A. Barriers Made by People
B. Functions of Communication
C. Restrictions on Transportation
D. Progress of Human Society
解析：　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要圍繞人為障礙阻
礙人際交流這一話題展開。因此A項適合作文章標題。
C
　　Sending a child to a selective school （精英學校） offers no benefit
if they are high-achieving at age 11 and may even put them at a
disadvantage， according to a research that analyzed almost half a million
pupils from different types of schools — selectives， non-selectives，
comprehensive schools and grammar schools， including areas where
parents could choose their desired schools.
　　The research found that the highest achievers at age 11 were less
likely to achieve five high GCSE grades if they went to a grammar school
than if they went to a comprehensive school once other factors were taken
into account.
　　The researchers looked at data on almost 500，000 pupils who
attended state schools in England and took GCSEs in 2016， before the
grading system was changed to use numbers. It analyzed their test scores
at age 11， as well as their social backgrounds， ethnicities， special
educational needs， genders （性別） and their birth months. Besides，
they used analysis models that looked at results in the 36 local authorities
with grammar schools and the 116 with only comprehensive schools， as
well as areas that had both kinds.
　　The researchers concluded that， opposite to popular belief，
selection is damaging to high performers. They suggested that this could
be because of the “big fish little pond effect” and that pupils in selective
schools may be demotivated （失去動力） by seeing themselves as less
able in comparison to their classmates. The paper also warned that pupils
who do not get into grammar schools may suffer from a lack of role
models， a sense of failure and a higher concentration of disadvantaged
pupils in their schools.
　　The stress of a competitive system may also have a negative effect on
performance， the researchers added， or there may be wider issues that
the research could not identify. Expansion of grammar schools and the
selective system was unlikely to raise national academic standards， the
researchers said， but recommended further studies to assess regional
impact.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，如果孩子在11歲時表現
優異，把他們送進精英學校對他們沒有任何好處，甚至可能使他們
處于不利地位。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，如果孩子在11歲時表現
優異，把他們送進精英學校對他們沒有任何好處，甚至可能使他們
處于不利地位。
9. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？
A. To indicate possible views.
B. To show differences between schools.
C. To give background information.
D. To introduce the research conclusion.
解析：　目的意圖題。根據第一、二段內容可知，第一段主要是
為了引出研究的結論。
10. How does the author describe the researchers’ work in Paragraph 3？
A. By giving data.
B. By summarizing results.
C. By listing examples.
D. By explaining reasons.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在該段中，作者
通過給出相關數據描述了研究者們的研究工作。
11. What is the popular belief about selection？
A. It benefits high performers.
B. It is unfair for most students.
C. It discourages average students.
D. It promotes disadvantaged pupils.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段中的The researchers
concluded that， opposite to popular belief， selection is
damaging to high performers.可知，普遍看法應該是擇優選拔
對表現優異者有好處。
12. What’s the author’s attitude to the selective system？
A. Supportive. B. Uncaring.
C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
解析：　觀點態度題。根據最后一段中的The stress of a
competitive system may also have a negative effect on performance，
the researchers added， or there may be wider issues that the research
could not identify.可知，作者對于選拔系統持懷疑態度。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching
experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to
immerse yourself in its culture. However， living with a foreign family
can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. Here are some tips
on making the most of your host family experience.
　　Be thankful. You have to understand that host families are doing it
because they want to give a kid the opportunity to live abroad. 　13　.
Showing them gratitude will take you a long way.
　　 　14　. Feeling uncomfortable with host families at first is a
completely normal feeling！ Keep in mind you’ve just got out of your
comfort zone to start a new life. The language barrier can also be a
struggle at first. Remember that you will adapt but it will take some time.
　　Feeling at home can be difficult at the beginning. 　15　. If you
spend all your time in your room， it’s going to be hard to feel like you
belong. Getting involved in everyday activities with your host family will
help you create a family bond. For example， some families like having
dinner together on weekends. Fit in. 　16　.
　　Lastly， communication is key. 　17　. It’s normal to know few
customs and habits at first， so instead of doing things blindly， just ask.
Whatever confuse you， just ask， and keep learning them when you are
on your own！
A. Understand that love is important
B. If you are unsure about something， ask
C. They are willing to change for your own good
D. Challenge yourself to try something new continually
E. That’s why spending time in common areas is crucial
F. That’s why you benefit from everyday activities with your host family
G. Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their
world
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些如何與寄宿家庭一
起生活、充分利用寄宿家庭這一經歷的一些建議。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些如何與寄宿家庭一
起生活、充分利用寄宿家庭這一經歷的一些建議。
13. C　根據上文可知，設空處承接上文，繼續闡述應該心存感激的
原因；C項指出寄宿家庭愿意為了寄宿孩子而改變，符合語境；C項
中的They指代上文中的host families。
14. D　根據下文可知，進入寄宿家庭是開始新的生活，也會面臨語
言障礙，但是要克服挑戰，適應新的環境；D項符合本段主旨，能夠
概括本段內容。
15. E　根據上下文可知，剛到寄宿家庭感到不拘束很難，但是只待
在自己的房間很難有歸屬感，因此要參與寄宿家庭的日?；顒?；E項
（這就是為什么花時間在公共區域是至關重要的）與上文構成因果關
系，符合語境。
16. G　上文舉例說明應該融入到寄宿家庭的生活中；G項（他們不僅
會感激，你也會覺得自己是他們世界的一部分）承接上文，闡述了融
入寄宿家庭的家庭活動帶來的益處，符合語境；G項中的feel like a
part of their world與本段中feel like you belong表達意思一致。
17. B　根據上下文可知，交流非常重要，遇到不懂的或者不確定的
應該去問；B項（如果你對某件事不確定，就去問）符合語境。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Mike發郵件詢問你大學畢業之
后想去大城市工作還是回家鄉小鎮工作，請你給他寫一封郵件，
內容包括：
　　1. 你的選擇；
　　2. 你的理由。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Dear Mike，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
參考范文：
Dear Mike，
　　How are you doing？ I’d like to tell you what I want to choose，
whether to work in a big city or go home to work in my small town.
　　I’m planning to go to my small town after graduation， which is my
childhood dream. I am willing to devote myself to the children there who
lack educational resources. I believe in the saying “bloom where you are
planted”， and I will do my best to work and achieve my goals.
Yours，
Li Hua
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