資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Using language
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
1.What impressed me most was the 　　　　　　（harmony） atmosphere at the racecourse.
2.It is joyful to receive encouragement，and giving others encouragement is also very 　　　　　　（reward）.
3.He has cast her 　　　　an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie，which will be released at the end of the year.
4.Goals have to be 　　　　　　（realise） so that students can reach them and feel a sense of achievement.
5.Children with single parents at our school are 　　　　the minority.
6.More than a dozen retired Xinjiang aid workers watched the film Kashgar Guli， which struck a chord 　　　　　　two generations of Xinjiang aid workers.
7.The doctor thought 　　　　would be good for you to have a holiday.
8.It is still a mystery 　　　　　　caused the infectious virus to spread quickly in this ward.
9.It is necessary that we 　　　　　　（clean） hands frequently to prevent ourselves from getting sick.
10.It 　　　　　　（hope） that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon.
維度二：語法與寫作
1.在這么簡陋的村莊里，你能為我的學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)造條件真是太好了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the way for my study in such a humble village.
2.這個項(xiàng)目能否在今年秋天完成還不確定。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 the project will be completed this fall.
3.事實(shí)上，和那個固執(zhí)的人爭論是沒有用的。
As a matter of fact，　　　　　　　　　　　　 with the stubborn man.
4.有人建議我們定期進(jìn)行身體檢查。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 physical examination on a regular basis.
5.碰巧票都賣光了。
　　　　　　　　　 the tickets were sold out.
6.我們有必要掌握一門外語。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a foreign language.
7.看電視是在浪費(fèi)時間。
It is a waste of time 　　　　　　　　　　　.
8.我突然意識到他會要我原諒他。
Suddenly 　　　　　　　　　　　　he might ask me to forgive him.
維度三：語法與語篇
　　閱讀下面這封信，將畫線句改為it作形式主語的句子。
Hi Nancy，
I’ve been staying in Singapore for several days and it has been raining heavily. 1.Travelling around Singapore took me a lot of time.2.Finding that there are four official languages spoken there was interesting. They are English， Mandarin Chinese， Malay and Tamil. 3.Several racial groups are said to live in Singapore. This is why Singapore has four official languages. These groups are the Chinese， Malays and Indians. 4.To hear different people speaking different languages all at the same time is fun.5.For me， to learn a foreign language is a challenging task. But this time I have picked up several languages. By the way I’ve brought something special from Singapore for you. 6.That I’ll see you next month is certain.I’ll give it to you then.
See you soon！
Jenny
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Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In her cookbook， How to Cook and Eat in Chinese， 55-year-old Chinese immigrant Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her homeland， where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites and tumble （翻滾） them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese term for the technique， chao， cannot be accurately translated into English，” Chao complained. For short， she decided， “We shall call it ‘stir-fry’.” The term soon made its way into the American language and has since taken on a life of its own.
　　Chao came to cooking unexpectedly. A doctor by profession， she gave up her medical career to move to the United States in 1921 after her husband， the famed linguist （語言學(xué)家） Chao Yuanren， was offered a job at Harvard. Bored at home and only able to speak a little English， she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China： soups with mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce.
　　She eventually agreed when a friend begged her to write a cookbook. Chao’s eldest daughter helped her translate recipes from Chinese to English， before her husband put the finishing touches on the language， often adding phrasing that even Chao recognized as awkward. This stylistic conflict resulted in a cookbook that Chao was “ashamed to have written”， as she declared in an author’s note.
　　The cookbook succeeded， going into multiple printings by the end of 1945， though critics largely overlooked the anger in Chao’s words. English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as 1911 in the United States， but Chao’s was the first that refused to westernize Chinese cooking. She may have given America a well-worn phrase， but she knew that some aspects of the immigrant experience resist translation. Chao’s contribution to American food culture should have been enough to make her into headlines， but the New York Times did not even honor her with an obituary （訃告） upon her death. How many other cooking pioneers like Chao， immigrants who didn’t silence their differences in order to gain broad approval， still await rediscovery？
1.What can we know about “chao”？
A.It is a cooking technique used only in America.
B.It quickly found a place in the American language.
C.It was accurately translated into “stir-fry” by Chao.
D.It means mixing together small pieces of materials.
2.What made Chao turn to traditional Chinese cooking？
A.Her interest in cooking.
B.Her profession as a doctor.
C.Inadaptability to life in America.
D.Encouragement from her husband.
3.What is special about Chao’s cookbook？
A.Consistency in writing style.
B.Refusal to westernize Chinese cooking.
C.Success in pleasing the American taste.
D.Reflection of Western culture.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A.Chao’s cookbook was largely overlooked by critics.
B.Chao followed the same trend as other cookbook writers.
C.Chao isn’t the only immigrant that deserves giving credit to.
D.Chao gained popularity for her unwillingness to silence her differences.
B
　　After several months of waiting， in November 2018， I received an offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager （PAM） in one of the MSF rehabilitation （康復(fù)） centres in Baghdad！ Leaving in January！ Wow！ A sudden mix of excitement and anxiety briefly took hold of me ...but I made my decision quickly — I would leave in January for Iraq.
　　Under the burning sun there， I went through one of the most challenging experiences， such as adapting to a climate that sometimes lacks softness， and adapting to my new professional duties， my multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
　　I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds： This young man had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child， leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years， he mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground， and thus developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a brighter future.
　　The MSF project also supports the national health care system， primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately， the health care and education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today’s system is still marked by the past and corruption （腐敗） — it struggles to recover and regain its former prestige （聲望）. The project has given us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM， my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services.
　　Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its neighbours， strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means hope. Hope that Iraq’s culture， which is rich， generous and ancient， will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have done is rewarding.
5.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A.The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B.How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C.The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D.How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
6.What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A.He got wounded in a war.
B.He left the centre full of hope.
C.He left his farm for a brighter future.
D.He got help from the local government.
7.What does the author mainly do in the centre？
A.He fights against the corruption.
B.He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C.He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D.He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
8.Which of the following can be used to describe the author？
A.Strict but caring.
B.Proud but patient.
C.Brave and honest.
D.Generous and positive.
C
　　Statistics show that in some areas of India， only about 30% of the women can read and write. Most girls have to leave school to help support the family. Women are not permitted to interact with male lawyers， be taught by male teachers or get treated in the clinic by male doctors.
　　An organization called Selfie with Daughter Foundation is leading the campaign to educate women in these areas. Its aim is to bring change by publicizing the success stories of some young women who made it to college and now serve as role models for other families. The young women go from house to house to share their own experiences to persuade parents to keep their daughters at school.
　　Rizwana Khan is training to be a nurse. As a teenager， she became terribly sick， but her treatment couldn’t be tackled. Medical centers in the area were of very poor quality and there were no female doctors. It made her decide to get her own education. She wants to bring medical aid to women in her area.
　　Anjum Islam is studying law. She wants to provide free legal aid for women. But her bigger goal is to change minds. “Men think that women are only meant to do housework and give birth to children，” Islam said. “We have to change this thinking. If we have equality under the law， how can society look down on women？”
　　The campaign is having success in influencing some women. Aslima Khan is 30 years old. All day long she works with the animals， finds firewood， cleans， cooks and washes dishes. She is determined to educate her three daughters. She wants to make sure they can escape her life story of hard， back-breaking work. “If I had studied， I would have been saved from this，” she said.
9.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A.Indian women are not permitted to work as lawyers.
B.Women are in low social position in some areas in India.
C.Girls have no opportunity to receive education in India.
D.Indian families are too poor to send their children to school.
10.What does the underlined word “publicizing” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Bringing something to life.
B.Making something known.
C.Putting something to use.
D.Leaving something behind.
11.What do the stories of Rizwana and Anjum suggest？
A.Education can change women’s lives.
B.Women should compete against men.
C.It’s easy for women to succeed indeed.
D.Women should be freed from housework.
12.Why is Aslima Khan mentioned at the end of the text？
A.To show Indian women’s hard work.
B.To call for equal rights for Indian women.
C.To prove the positive effect of the campaign.
D.To stress the importance of educating a mother.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　We like to spend our Christmas holidays somewhere warm abroad， and that year we chose Uganda. Nature， wildlife， and sunny days were a（n） 　13　 while it was so cold and dark in Europe. Life was pleasant， and we had a rental car and a 　14　 schedule ahead around the country， expecting that we could 　15　 as many places as possible during the holiday.
　　However， just within a few days， we had a car accident at a park. I lost 　16　 of the car， and it rolled over， 　17　 windows， the frame and the engine.
　　　18　， we were alive！ My right arm was severely 　19　， but we managed to reach a nearby American hospital in Masindi. However， we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my 　20　.
　　In the duration， we were amazed to find that Masindi is such a（n） 　21　 town that we can’t resist to 　22　 our paces. Hence the 　23　 of our stay were the market and our daily visit to the hospital. We looked for delicate goods， 　24　 with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in the market， and learned more about their customs.
　　Before our 　25　， we took a road trip south through the country to see something else. Then we focused on 　26　 its unique nature and people. What a journey for experience and 　27　！
13.A.setting　　　　　　　 B.pleasure
C.outcome D.challenge
14.A.tight B.prior
C.flexible D.loose
15.A.recall B.compare
C.recommend D.explore
16.A.control B.sight
C.track D.contact
17.A.ignoring B.destroying
C.checking D.repairing
18.A.Strangely B.Suddenly
C.Interestingly D.Fortunately
19.A.limited B.folded
C.injured D.conducted
20.A.ankle B.skin
C.wound D.delay
21.A.relaxing B.appealing
C.secure D.internal
22.A.adjust to B.go through
C.pick up D.slow down
23.A.highlights B.worries
C.proofs D.chances
24.A.lived B.shared
C.chatted D.fought
25.A.engagement B.exposure
C.action D.departure
26.A.suspecting B.appreciating
C.selecting D.protecting
27.A.suffering B.thought
C.sightseeing D.comfort
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　The trade routes are of great importance. In March， the Suez Canal， one of the world’s most important sea trade routes， 　28　 （block） by a ship， causing an epic maritime traffic jam of nearly 300 ships between Europe and Asia. Besides the Suez Canal， China’s ancient Silk Road also played 　29　 important role in trade and cultural exchanges between China and Europe.
　　In early history， the Silk Road was the most important trade route， 　30　 （mark） the beginning of globalization. As the first route 　31　 introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization， the Silk Road in China can date 　32　 the Han Dynasty in ancient China. In the following years in history， many great figures had made significant 　33　 （contribute） to the development of the Silk Road.
　　Though the Silk Road was mainly a trading route， it was 　34　 （benefit） to each other in the first place. It 　35　 （actual） made great attraction to the development of the civilization of the world， opening long-distance political and economic communication between Europe and Asia. The ancient Silk Road is more like a historical textbook， enabling people from different cultures and regions 　36　 （comprehend） what happened during the ancient time. Up to now， the Silk Road in China 　37　 （bring） great attraction to the tourism in China even in the world.
28.　　　　　　 29.　　　　　　 30.　　　　
31.　　　 32.　　　 33.　　　
34.　　　 35.　　　 36.　　　
37.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.harmonious　2.rewarding　3.as　4.realistic　5.in
6.with　7.it　8.what　9.（should） clean　10.is hoped
維度二
1.It is very kind of you to pave　2.It is uncertain whether　3.it is no use arguing　4.It is recommended that we （should） conduct　5.It happened that　6.It is necessary for us to master　7.watching TV　8.it occurred to me that
維度三
1.It took me a lot of time to travel around Singapore.
2.It was interesting to find that there are four official languages spoken there.
3.It is said that several racial groups live in Singapore.
4.It is fun to hear different people speaking different languages all at the same time.
5.It is a challenging task for me to learn a foreign language.
6.It is certain that I’ll see you next month.
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位55歲的中國移民）如何將“炒（stir-fry）”這種烹飪技術(shù)引入美國，并在其后的歲月里，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如何在美國流行開來。
1.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后三句可知，“炒”很快在美國語言中找到了一席之地。
2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，因?yàn)椴贿m應(yīng)美國的生活，Chao轉(zhuǎn)向中國傳統(tǒng)烹飪。
3.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，Chao的烹飪書特別的是拒絕西化中國烹飪。
4.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可推知，還有很多移民仍在等待被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以Chao并不是唯一一個值得表揚(yáng)的移民。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在伊拉克巴格達(dá)做無國界醫(yī)生的經(jīng)歷和感受。
5.A　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要描述了作者在巴格達(dá)遇到的挑戰(zhàn)，包括氣候、新的職責(zé)、多文化碰撞等。
6.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的This young man came out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a brighter future.可知，當(dāng)那個年輕人走出康復(fù)中心時，心中充滿驕傲和對美好未來的期待。
7.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的my overall role is to support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian services可知，作者在康復(fù)中心的主要職責(zé)是對更好的理療培訓(xùn)進(jìn)行援助，并與當(dāng)?shù)厝藛T合作發(fā)展居民服務(wù)事業(yè)。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中對作者報(bào)名參加無國界醫(yī)生到伊拉克服務(wù)的描述可知，作者是一個心地寬厚的（generous）人；根據(jù)最后一段可知，住在巴格達(dá)就意味著要背負(fù)沉重的過去，也意味著希望，希望伊拉克豐富、慷慨、古老的文化得到認(rèn)可，讓人們忘記戰(zhàn)爭。作者認(rèn)為所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出，作者是一個積極樂觀的（positive）人。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在印度的一些地區(qū)，婦女的社會地位很低，而一個名為“與女兒自拍基金會”的組織通過宣傳一些年輕女性的成功故事來說服父母讓他們的女兒繼續(xù)上學(xué)。
9.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，在印度的一些地區(qū)，只有大約30%的婦女具有讀寫能力，女性在很多方面不能享受與男性一樣的權(quán)利。由此可知，在印度的一些地區(qū)，婦女的社會地位很低。
10.B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文中的The young women go from house to house to share their own experiences可知，這個名為“與女兒自拍基金會”的組織通過使一些進(jìn)入大學(xué)并成為其他家庭榜樣的年輕女性的成功故事為人所熟知來為當(dāng)?shù)氐呐詭砀淖儭Ｓ纱送茢啵嬀€詞的意思是“使某事為人所熟知”。
11.A　推理判斷題。第三段講述了Rizwana的故事，她想為她所在地區(qū)的婦女提供醫(yī)療援助，因此自己去接受教育；第四段講述了Anjum的故事，她想為女性提供免費(fèi)的法律援助，改變?nèi)藗儗ε缘目捶ǎ运趯W(xué)法律。由此可推知，Rizwana和Anjum的故事說明了教育可以改變女性的生活。
12.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句可知，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動正成功地影響著一些婦女。在本段最后Aslima Khan說到“如果我上過學(xué)的話，我就不會是這樣了”。由此可推知，提到Aslima Khan是為了證明該運(yùn)動的積極效果。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者一家喜歡在溫暖的國外度過圣誕節(jié)，于是他們選擇了去烏干達(dá)，結(jié)果在路上出了車禍，被迫留在了一個小鎮(zhèn)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個小鎮(zhèn)的美好。
13.B　根據(jù)空后while it was so cold and dark in Europe可知，作者一家不喜歡歐洲的寒冷和黑暗，因此去了溫暖的國外，說明大自然、野生動物和陽光明媚的日子是一種樂趣。setting環(huán)境；pleasure快樂；outcome結(jié)果；challenge挑戰(zhàn)。
14.A　根據(jù)空后ahead around the country可知，行程安排得很緊。tight緊的；prior先前的；flexible靈活的；loose松散的。
15.D　根據(jù)空后as many places as possible during the holiday可知，作者他們想要探索盡可能多的地方。recall想起；compare比較；recommend推薦；explore探索。
16.A　根據(jù)下文it rolled over可知，車翻了，因?yàn)樽髡呤チ藢嚨目刂啤ontrol控制；sight視力；track蹤跡；contact聯(lián)系。
17.B　根據(jù)語境可知，作者他們出了車禍，窗戶、車架和引擎都被毀了。ignore忽視；destroy毀壞；check檢查；repair修理。
18.D　根據(jù)下文we were alive可知，幸運(yùn)地是，雖然出了車禍，但他們還活著。strangely奇怪地；suddenly突然；interestingly有趣地；fortunately幸運(yùn)地。
19.C　根據(jù)空后but we managed to reach a nearby American hospital可知，作者的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷。limit限制；fold折疊；injure受傷；conduct實(shí)施。
20.C　根據(jù)空前的we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my可知，他們被要求在城里多待幾天是因?yàn)樽髡叩膫麆荨nkle腳踝；skin皮膚；wound傷口；delay推遲。
21.B　根據(jù)空前we were amazed to find可知，Masindi是一個有吸引力的小鎮(zhèn)。relaxing令人放松的；appealing吸引人的；secure穩(wěn)固的；internal內(nèi)部的。
22.D　根據(jù)上文可知，他們本來日程很緊張，結(jié)果到了這里被吸引了，因此放慢了腳步。adjust to適應(yīng)；go through通過；pick up撿起；slow down減速。
23.A　根據(jù)語境可知，逗留期間的最大亮點(diǎn)是市場和每天去醫(yī)院。highlight亮點(diǎn)；worry擔(dān)心；proof證據(jù)；chance機(jī)會。
24.C　根據(jù)空后with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in the market可知，此處指與醫(yī)務(wù)人員、酒店工作人員和市場里的人聊天。chat with表示“閑聊”。live居住；share分享；chat聊天；fight戰(zhàn)斗。
25.D　根據(jù)空后we took a road trip south through the country to see something else可知，他們最后向南駕車旅行，穿過這個國家去看別的東西，是在離開這個國家之前。engagement參與；exposure暴露；action行動；departure離開。
26.B　根據(jù)空后its unique nature and people可知，作者專注于欣賞它獨(dú)特的自然和人民。suspect懷疑；appreciate欣賞；select選擇；protect保護(hù)。
27.C　根據(jù)上文its unique nature可知，作者在當(dāng)?shù)乜吹搅瞬灰粯拥木吧怯^光之旅。suffering苦難；thought想法；sightseeing觀光；comfort安慰。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國絲綢之路的歷史以及其在中歐貿(mào)易和文化交流中發(fā)揮的重要作用。
28.was blocked　考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為謂語動詞，由In March可知，此處用過去時，而Suez Canal（名詞單數(shù)）與謂語動詞block之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was blocked。
29.an　考查冠詞。play an important role in ...在……中起著重要作用。故填an。
30.marking　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語was且空前無連詞，空處應(yīng)用非謂語形式，動詞mark與邏輯主語the Silk Road構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式作狀語。故填marking。
31.that　考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞route，先行詞被序數(shù)詞the first修飾且在從句中作主語，指物。故填that。
32.from　考查介詞。date from意為“追溯到……”。故填from。
33.contributions　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。make contributions to為……作出貢獻(xiàn)。形容詞significant 作定語修飾名詞。故填contributions。
34.beneficial　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。be beneficial to有利于。故填beneficial。
35.actually　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞made。故填actually。
36.to comprehend　考查非謂語動詞。enable sb to do sth使某人能夠做某事。故填to comprehend。
37.has brought　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間狀語Up to now可知，本句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。主語the Silk Road為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，其后謂語動詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has brought。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ　Using language
it作形式主語
1.But it is vital not to take any chances.
2.It is important to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national boundaries.
3.It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy and Alfonso， not to mention all the others I have worked with.
4.In a world still facing so many problems，it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
以上句子中，it作　　　　主語，真正的主語是后面的　　　　　　。
　　當(dāng)主語部分相對于謂語部分而言太長時，常把主語部分移到句尾，在主語的位置放上it。it沒有具體的意義，僅用于使句子顯得平穩(wěn)，不頭重腳輕。it作形式主語時常代替三種語法結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞不定式（短語）、動詞-ing（短語）和從句。
一、it代替動詞不定式（短語）作形式主語
　it代替動詞不定式（短語）作形式主語的常見句型：
（1）It＋be＋形容詞＋（for/of sb） to do sth
（2）It＋be＋名詞＋to do sth
（3）It＋be＋介詞短語＋to do sth
（4）It takes sb some time to do sth
（5）It’s up to sb to do sth
It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.
外國人學(xué)習(xí)漢語不容易。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
遵守法律是每個人的義務(wù)。
It is against my principle to do that.
那樣做違背我的原則。
It took them a year to build the bridge.
建這座橋花了他們一年的時間。
It is up to us to help those in need.
幫助那些有困難的人是我們的責(zé)任。
名師點(diǎn)津
在“It＋be＋形容詞＋for sb to do sth”與“It＋be＋形容詞＋of sb to do sth”句式中，如果形容詞描述的是人的品質(zhì)、品格，介詞用of；如果形容詞描述動詞不定式所表示的動作的特征，介詞用 for。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
　①It is not up to you 　　　　　　（tell） me how to do my job.
②It is not right 　　　　　　（use） these places as rubbish dumps.
③It was nice of them 　　　　　　（invite） us to dinner.
二、it 代替動詞-ing（短語）作形式主語
　it代替動詞-ing（短語）作形式主語的情況遠(yuǎn)不及it代替動詞不定式（短語）作形式主語那么普遍。常見句型如下：
It＋be＋no good/no use/useless/a waste of time/...＋動詞-ing（短語）
It is no good/use having a car if you can’t drive.
如果你不會開車，有車也沒用。
It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a person to join us.
試圖說服這樣的人加入我們真是浪費(fèi)時間。
It is no use talking to him about it.
和他談?wù)撨@事沒有用。
【即時演練2】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
　①It’s no good 　　　　　　（take） over the experience of foreign countries uncritically.
②It’s no use 　　　　　　（cry） over spilt milk.
③It is worth 　　　　　　（make） an appointment before you go.
三、it代替從句作形式主語
　it所代替的從句可以用that引導(dǎo)，也可以用whether/if、連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)。常見句型如下：
（1）It is＋名詞（如a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no wonder/a wonder/...）＋that ...
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match！
你錯過了那場激動人心的足球比賽，真遺憾！
It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.
令人驚訝的是他老是輸還繼續(xù)賭。
（It is）No wonder （that） you were late！
難怪你來晚了！
It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.
真可惜，這場雨把我們的野餐給攪了。
It is a fact that English is regarded as an international language.
英語被認(rèn)為是國際語言，這是一個事實(shí)。
（2）It is＋形容詞（如strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/possible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important/...）＋that ...
It is certain that he will win.
他一定會取勝。
It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.
很顯然那個孩子受過虐待。
It is likely that he will ring me tonight.
他今晚可能會給我打電話。
（3）It seems/happened/turned out/suddenly struck me/occurred to me/...that ...
It happened that I wasn’t there that day.
恰好那天我不在那里。
It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.
我忽然想起我知道怎樣解決那個問題。
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
她能否來還很難說。
（4）It＋be＋過去分詞（如said/expected/hoped/reported/announced/decided/known/believed/...）＋that ...
It is said that nothing has been done about it.
據(jù)說至今對此沒采取任何措施。
名師點(diǎn)津
在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed/...that ...的主語從句中用“（should＋）動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。
It is requested that he （should） give a performance at the party.
有人請求他在聚會上表演一個節(jié)目。
It is suggested that we （should） set off early next morning.
有人建議我們應(yīng)該明天一早就出發(fā)。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
　①It is known 　　　　he is one of the best teachers in our school.
②　　　　 is strange that he should have left without telling us.
③It is suggested that we 　　　　　　（get） everything ready by tonight.
harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；協(xié)調(diào)的；悅耳的
【教材原句】　Rather， it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world， so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits. 相反，這是國家和人民共同努力，共同創(chuàng)造一個更加和諧和相互理解的世界，使我們都能享受到互利。
【用法】
（1）build a harmonious society　 構(gòu)建和諧社會
（2）harmony n.　　　　　 融洽，和諧
in harmony with 與……協(xié)調(diào)一致
out of harmony with 與……不協(xié)調(diào)一致
（3）harmoniously adv. 融洽地
【佳句】　If everyone can give a helping hand to others， the world will be more and more harmonious.
如果每個人都能向其他人伸出援助之手，那么世界將會越來越和諧。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying a 　　　　　　（harmony） life.
②When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony 　　　　　　their parents’ thoughts.
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
③我有一個夢想：人類可以與美麗的自然和諧相處。（演講稿）
I have a dream that humans could 　　　　　　　　　　　　the beautiful nature.
rewarding adj.值得做的，有意義的
【教材原句】　It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 看到我們的工作如何幫助來自不同文化的人們走到一起，這是值得的。
【用法】
（1）reward n.　　　　 獎勵；回報(bào)；報(bào)酬
v. 獎勵；獎賞；給……以報(bào)酬
in reward for ... 為了酬謝/獎勵……
as a reward for 作為對……的獎勵/報(bào)酬，為了表彰……
（2）reward sb for （doing） sth 因?yàn)椋ㄗ觯┠呈聢?bào)答某人
reward sb with ... 用……報(bào)答/回報(bào)某人
【佳句】　With grateful tears in his eyes， he insisted on rewarding us with a lot of money for our help.
眼含感激的淚水，他堅(jiān)持用很多錢來酬謝我們的幫助。（情感描寫）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We students must study harder 　　　　reward for our teachers’ patient guidance.
②　　　　 a reward for her help， I sent her some fresh fruit.
③It is necessary to reward children 　　　　their good behavior.
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
④總之，這次旅行將是既放松又有益的，這對你來說一定是一個難忘的經(jīng)歷。（旅游）
In a word，the trip will be 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， which is bound to be a memorable experience for you.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發(fā)現(xiàn)
形式　動詞不定式
即時演練1
①to tell　②to use　③to invite
即時演練2
①taking　②crying　③making
即時演練3
①that　②It　③（should） get
【知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺】
1.①harmonious　②with　③live in harmony with
2.①in　②As　③for　④both relaxing and rewarding
3 / 4(共85張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
it作形式主語
1. But it is vital not to take any chances.
2. It is important to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national
boundaries.
3. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton，Maisy and Alfonso，
not to mention all the others I have worked with.
4. In a world still facing so many problems，it is absolutely essential for
us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future
of peace and prosperity.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
以上句子中，it作 主語，真正的主語是后面的
。
形式　
動詞不定
式　
　　當(dāng)主語部分相對于謂語部分而言太長時，常把主語部分移到句
尾，在主語的位置放上it。it沒有具體的意義，僅用于使句子顯得平
穩(wěn)，不頭重腳輕。it作形式主語時常代替三種語法結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞不定式
（短語）、動詞-ing（短語）和從句。
一、it代替動詞不定式（短語）作形式主語
　it代替動詞不定式（短語）作形式主語的常見句型：
（1）It＋be＋形容詞＋（for/of sb） to do sth
（2）It＋be＋名詞＋to do sth
（3）It＋be＋介詞短語＋to do sth
（4）It takes sb some time to do sth
（5）It’s up to sb to do sth
It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.
外國人學(xué)習(xí)漢語不容易。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
遵守法律是每個人的義務(wù)。
It is against my principle to do that.
那樣做違背我的原則。
It took them a year to build the bridge.
建這座橋花了他們一年的時間。
It is up to us to help those in need.
幫助那些有困難的人是我們的責(zé)任。
名師點(diǎn)津
在“It＋be＋形容詞＋for sb to do sth”與“It＋be＋形容詞＋of sb to
do sth”句式中，如果形容詞描述的是人的品質(zhì)、品格，介詞用of；如
果形容詞描述動詞不定式所表示的動作的特征，介詞用 for。
It’s important for us to learn English well.
學(xué)好英語對我們來說很重要。
It was very considerate of her to come to see me when I was ill.
她在我生病時來看我，真的很體貼。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
①It is not up to you （tell） me how to do my job.
②It is not right （use） these places as rubbish dumps.
③It was nice of them （invite） us to dinner.
to tell　
to use　
to invite　
二、it 代替動詞-ing（短語）作形式主語
　it代替動詞-ing（短語）作形式主語的情況遠(yuǎn)不及it代替動詞不定式
（短語）作形式主語那么普遍。常見句型如下：
It＋be＋no good/no use/useless/a waste of time/...＋動詞-ing（短語）
It is no good/use having a car if you can’t drive.
如果你不會開車，有車也沒用。
It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a person to join us.
試圖說服這樣的人加入我們真是浪費(fèi)時間。
It is no use talking to him about it.
和他談?wù)撨@事沒有用。
【即時演練2】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
①It’s no good （take） over the experience of foreign
countries uncritically.
②It’s no use （cry） over spilt milk.
③It is worth （make） an appointment before you go.
taking　
crying　
making　
三、it代替從句作形式主語
　it所代替的從句可以用that引導(dǎo)，也可以用whether/if、連接代詞或連
接副詞引導(dǎo)。常見句型如下：
（1）It is＋名詞（如a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/good news/no
wonder/a wonder/...）＋that ...
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match！
你錯過了那場激動人心的足球比賽，真遺憾！
It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.
令人驚訝的是他老是輸還繼續(xù)賭。
（It is）No wonder （that） you were late！
難怪你來晚了！
It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.
真可惜，這場雨把我們的野餐給攪了。
It is a fact that English is regarded as an international language.
英語被認(rèn)為是國際語言，這是一個事實(shí)。
（2）It is＋形容詞（如
strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/po
ssible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important/...
）＋that ...
It is certain that he will win.
他一定會取勝。
It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.
很顯然那個孩子受過虐待。
It is likely that he will ring me tonight.
他今晚可能會給我打電話。
（3）It seems/happened/turned out/suddenly struck me/occurred to
me/...that ...
It happened that I wasn’t there that day.
恰好那天我不在那里。
It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.
我忽然想起我知道怎樣解決那個問題。
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
她能否來還很難說。
（4）It＋be＋過去分詞（如
said/expected/hoped/reported/announced/decided/known/believed/..
.）＋that ...
It is said that nothing has been done about it.
據(jù)說至今對此沒采取任何措施。
名師點(diǎn)津
在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed/...that ...的主語從
句中用“（should＋）動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。
It is requested that he （should） give a performance at the party.
有人請求他在聚會上表演一個節(jié)目。
It is suggested that we （should） set off early next morning.
有人建議我們應(yīng)該明天一早就出發(fā)。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①It is known he is one of the best teachers in our school.
② is strange that he should have left without telling us.
③It is suggested that we （get） everything ready by
tonight.
that　
It　
（should） get　
知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺
關(guān)注高頻詞匯
2
harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；協(xié)調(diào)的；悅耳的
【教材原句】　Rather， it’s about countries and people making a joint
effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding
world， so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反，這是國家和人民共同努力，共同創(chuàng)造一個更加和諧和相互理解
的世界，使我們都能享受到互利。
【用法】
（1）build a harmonious society　構(gòu)建和諧社會
（2）harmony n.　 融洽，和諧
in harmony with　　與……協(xié)調(diào)一致
out of harmony with　　與……不協(xié)調(diào)一致
（3）harmoniously adv.　　融洽地
【佳句】　If everyone can give a helping hand to others， the world will
be more and more harmonious.
如果每個人都能向其他人伸出援助之手，那么世界將會越來越和諧。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying
a （harmony） life.
②When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of
harmony their parents’ thoughts.
harmonious　
with　
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
③我有一個夢想：人類可以與美麗的自然和諧相處。（演講稿）
I have a dream that humans could the beautiful
nature.
live in harmony with　
rewarding adj.值得做的，有意義的
【教材原句】　It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring
people together from different cultures.
看到我們的工作如何幫助來自不同文化的人們走到一起，這是值
得的。
【用法】
（1）reward n.　 獎勵；回報(bào)；報(bào)酬
v.　　獎勵；獎賞；給……以報(bào)酬
in reward for ...　　為了酬謝/獎勵……
as a reward for 　　作為對……的獎勵/報(bào)酬，為了表彰……
（2）reward sb for （doing） sth 　　因?yàn)椋ㄗ觯┠呈聢?bào)答某人
reward sb with ...　　用……報(bào)答/回報(bào)某人
【佳句】　With grateful tears in his eyes， he insisted on rewarding us
with a lot of money for our help.
眼含感激的淚水，他堅(jiān)持用很多錢來酬謝我們的幫助。（情感描寫）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We students must study harder reward for our teachers’ patient
guidance.
② a reward for her help， I sent her some fresh fruit.
③It is necessary to reward children their good behavior.
in　
As　
for
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
④總之，這次旅行將是既放松又有益的，這對你來說一定是一個難忘
的經(jīng)歷。（旅游）
In a word，the trip will be ， which is
bound to be a memorable experience for you.
both relaxing and rewarding　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
3
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
1. What impressed me most was the （harmony）
atmosphere at the racecourse.
2. It is joyful to receive encouragement，and giving others encouragement
is also very （reward）.
3. He has cast her an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie，which
will be released at the end of the year.
harmonious　
rewarding　
as　
4. Goals have to be （realise） so that students can reach
them and feel a sense of achievement.
5. Children with single parents at our school are the minority.
6. More than a dozen retired Xinjiang aid workers watched the film
Kashgar Guli， which struck a chord two generations of
Xinjiang aid workers.
7. The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
8. It is still a mystery caused the infectious virus to spread
quickly in this ward.
realistic　
in
with　
it
what　
9. It is necessary that we （clean） hands
frequently to prevent ourselves from getting sick.
10. It （hope） that the number of deer will greatly increase
very soon.
（should） clean　
is hoped　
維度二：語法與寫作
1. 在這么簡陋的村莊里，你能為我的學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)造條件真是太好了。
the way for my study in such a
humble village.
2. 這個項(xiàng)目能否在今年秋天完成還不確定。
the project will be completed this fall.
3. 事實(shí)上，和那個固執(zhí)的人爭論是沒有用的。
As a matter of fact， with the stubborn man.
It is very kind of you to pave　
It is uncertain whether
it is no use arguing
4. 有人建議我們定期進(jìn)行身體檢查。
physical
examination on a regular basis.
5. 碰巧票都賣光了。
the tickets were sold out.
6. 我們有必要掌握一門外語。
a foreign language.
7. 看電視是在浪費(fèi)時間。
It is a waste of time .
8. 我突然意識到他會要我原諒他。
Suddenly he might ask me to forgive him.
It is recommended that we （should） conduct　
It happened that　
It is necessary for us to master　
watching TV　
it occurred to me that　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　閱讀下面這封信，將畫線句改為it作形式主語的句子。
Hi Nancy，
I’ve been staying in Singapore for several days and it has been
raining heavily. 1.Travelling around Singapore took me a lot of
time.2.Finding that there are four official languages spoken there was
interesting. They are English， Mandarin Chinese， Malay and Tamil.
3.Several racial groups are said to live in Singapore. This is why
Singapore has four official languages. These groups are the Chinese，
Malays and Indians.
4.To hear different people speaking different languages all at the same
time is fun.5.For me， to learn a foreign language is a challenging task.
But this time I have picked up several languages. By the way I’ve
brought something special from Singapore for you. 6.That I’ll see you
next month is certain.I’ll give it to you then.
See you soon！
Jenny
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.
6.
It took me a lot of time to travel around Singapore.
It was interesting to find that there are four official languages spoken
there.
It is said that several racial groups live in Singapore.
It is fun to hear different people speaking different languages all at
the same time.
It is a challenging task for me to learn a foreign language.
It is certain that I’ll see you next month.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most
popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In
her cookbook， How to Cook and Eat in Chinese， 55-year-old Chinese
immigrant Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her
homeland， where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites
and tumble （翻滾） them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese
term for the technique， chao， cannot be accurately translated into
English，” Chao complained. For short， she decided， “We shall call
it ‘stir-fry’.” The term soon made its way into the American language
and has since taken on a life of its own.
Chao came to cooking unexpectedly. A doctor by profession， she
gave up her medical career to move to the United States in 1921 after her
husband， the famed linguist （語言學(xué)家） Chao Yuanren， was offered
a job at Harvard. Bored at home and only able to speak a little English，
she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China： soups with
mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce.
　　She eventually agreed when a friend begged her to write a cookbook.
Chao’s eldest daughter helped her translate recipes from Chinese to
English， before her husband put the finishing touches on the language，
often adding phrasing that even Chao recognized as awkward. This
stylistic conflict resulted in a cookbook that Chao was “ashamed to have
written”， as she declared in an author’s note.
　　The cookbook succeeded， going into multiple printings by the end
of 1945， though critics largely overlooked the anger in Chao’s words.
English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as
1911 in the United States， but Chao’s was the first that refused to
westernize Chinese cooking. She may have given America a well-worn
phrase， but she knew that some aspects of the immigrant experience
resist translation. Chao’s contribution to American food culture should
have been enough to make her into headlines， but the New York Times did
not even honor her with an obituary （訃告） upon her death.
How many other cooking pioneers like Chao， immigrants who didn’t
silence their differences in order to gain broad approval， still await
rediscovery？
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位
55歲的中國移民）如何將“炒（stir-fry）”這種烹飪技術(shù)引入美國，
并在其后的歲月里，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如何在美國流行開來。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位
55歲的中國移民）如何將“炒（stir-fry）”這種烹飪技術(shù)引入美國，
并在其后的歲月里，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如何在美國流行開來。
1. What can we know about “chao”？
A. It is a cooking technique used only in America.
B. It quickly found a place in the American language.
C. It was accurately translated into “stir-fry” by Chao.
D. It means mixing together small pieces of materials.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后三句可知，“炒”很快在
美國語言中找到了一席之地。
2. What made Chao turn to traditional Chinese cooking？
A. Her interest in cooking.
B. Her profession as a doctor.
C. Inadaptability to life in America.
D. Encouragement from her husband.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，因?yàn)椴贿m應(yīng)美
國的生活，Chao轉(zhuǎn)向中國傳統(tǒng)烹飪。
3. What is special about Chao’s cookbook？
A. Consistency in writing style.
B. Refusal to westernize Chinese cooking.
C. Success in pleasing the American taste.
D. Reflection of Western culture.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，Chao的烹飪書
特別的是拒絕西化中國烹飪。
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. Chao’s cookbook was largely overlooked by critics.
B. Chao followed the same trend as other cookbook writers.
C. Chao isn’t the only immigrant that deserves giving credit to.
D. Chao gained popularity for her unwillingness to silence her
differences.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可推知，還有很多
移民仍在等待被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以Chao并不是唯一一個值得表揚(yáng)的
移民。
B
　　After several months of waiting， in November 2018， I received an
offer to assist for six months as a Physiotherapy Activity Manager
（PAM） in one of the MSF rehabilitation （康復(fù)） centres in
Baghdad！ Leaving in January！ Wow！ A sudden mix of excitement and
anxiety briefly took hold of me ...but I made my decision quickly — I
would leave in January for Iraq.
　　Under the burning sun there， I went through one of the most
challenging experiences， such as adapting to a climate that sometimes
lacks softness， and adapting to my new professional duties， my
multicultural team and the pace that always took us further.
　　I met a patient during our weekly medical rounds： This young man
had been in a tragic accident on the family farm when he was just a child，
leaving him with only one arm and one leg. For more than 10 years， he
mainly got around by dragging himself along the ground， and thus
developed incredible physical and mental strength. This young man came
out of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards
a brighter future.
　　The MSF project also supports the national health care system，
primarily through knowledge sharing. Unfortunately， the health care and
education systems have been particularly hard hit by war. Today’s
system is still marked by the past and corruption （腐敗） — it struggles
to recover and regain its former prestige （聲望）. The project has given
us the chance to improve physiotherapy training so that more people can
receive rehabilitative care. As a PAM， my overall role is to support better
physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to develop civilian
services.
　　Although Baghdad is fairly more modern and freer than its
neighbours， strict security checks have become a regular part of day-to-
day life. Living in Baghdad means living with a heavy past. It also means
hope. Hope that Iraq’s culture， which is rich， generous and ancient，
will be recognized and make people forget about war. Everything we have
done is rewarding.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在伊拉克巴格達(dá)做
無國界醫(yī)生的經(jīng)歷和感受。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在伊拉克巴格達(dá)做
無國界醫(yī)生的經(jīng)歷和感受。
5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A. The difficulties the author faced in Baghdad.
B. How the author got the offer to work for MSF.
C. The mixed feelings the author experienced in Iraq.
D. How the author made his decision to become a PAM.
解析：　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要描述了作
者在巴格達(dá)遇到的挑戰(zhàn)，包括氣候、新的職責(zé)、多文化碰撞等。
6. What can be learned about the young man mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A. He got wounded in a war.
B. He left the centre full of hope.
C. He left his farm for a brighter future.
D. He got help from the local government.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的This young man came out
of the MSF rehabilitation centre upright and proud， walking towards a
brighter future.可知，當(dāng)那個年輕人走出康復(fù)中心時，心中充滿驕
傲和對美好未來的期待。
7. What does the author mainly do in the centre？
A. He fights against the corruption.
B. He teaches practical knowledge to Iraqi kids.
C. He treats people suffering from mental illnesses.
D. He helps Iraqis to develop their rehabilitative care.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的my overall role is to
support better physiotherapy practices and to collaborate with Iraqis to
develop civilian services可知，作者在康復(fù)中心的主要職責(zé)是對更好
的理療培訓(xùn)進(jìn)行援助，并與當(dāng)?shù)厝藛T合作發(fā)展居民服務(wù)事業(yè)。
8. Which of the following can be used to describe the author？
A. Strict but caring.
B. Proud but patient.
C. Brave and honest.
D. Generous and positive.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中對作者報(bào)名參加無國界醫(yī)生到伊
拉克服務(wù)的描述可知，作者是一個心地寬厚的（generous）人；根
據(jù)最后一段可知，住在巴格達(dá)就意味著要背負(fù)沉重的過去，也意味
著希望，希望伊拉克豐富、慷慨、古老的文化得到認(rèn)可，讓人們忘
記戰(zhàn)爭。作者認(rèn)為所做的一切都是值得的。由此可以看出，作者是
一個積極樂觀的（positive）人。
C
　　Statistics show that in some areas of India， only about 30% of the
women can read and write. Most girls have to leave school to help support
the family. Women are not permitted to interact with male lawyers， be
taught by male teachers or get treated in the clinic by male doctors.
　　An organization called Selfie with Daughter Foundation is leading the
campaign to educate women in these areas. Its aim is to bring change by
publicizing the success stories of some young women who made it to
college and now serve as role models for other families. The young
women go from house to house to share their own experiences to persuade
parents to keep their daughters at school.
　　Rizwana Khan is training to be a nurse. As a teenager， she became
terribly sick， but her treatment couldn’t be tackled. Medical centers in
the area were of very poor quality and there were no female doctors. It
made her decide to get her own education. She wants to bring medical aid
to women in her area.
　　Anjum Islam is studying law. She wants to provide free legal aid for
women. But her bigger goal is to change minds. “Men think that women
are only meant to do housework and give birth to children，” Islam said.
“We have to change this thinking. If we have equality under the law，
how can society look down on women？”
　　The campaign is having success in influencing some women. Aslima
Khan is 30 years old. All day long she works with the animals， finds
firewood， cleans， cooks and washes dishes. She is determined to
educate her three daughters. She wants to make sure they can escape her
life story of hard， back-breaking work. “If I had studied， I would have
been saved from this，” she said.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在印度的一些地區(qū)，婦女的社會地
位很低，而一個名為“與女兒自拍基金會”的組織通過宣傳一些年
輕女性的成功故事來說服父母讓他們的女兒繼續(xù)上學(xué)。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在印度的一些地區(qū)，婦女的社會地
位很低，而一個名為“與女兒自拍基金會”的組織通過宣傳一些年
輕女性的成功故事來說服父母讓他們的女兒繼續(xù)上學(xué)。
9. What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A. Indian women are not permitted to work as lawyers.
B. Women are in low social position in some areas in India.
C. Girls have no opportunity to receive education in India.
D. Indian families are too poor to send their children to school.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，在印度的一些地
區(qū)，只有大約30%的婦女具有讀寫能力，女性在很多方面不能
享受與男性一樣的權(quán)利。由此可知，在印度的一些地區(qū)，婦女
的社會地位很低。
10. What does the underlined word “publicizing” in Paragraph 2
mean？
A. Bringing something to life.
B. Making something known.
C. Putting something to use.
D. Leaving something behind.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文中的The young women go
from house to house to share their own experiences可知，這個名為
“與女兒自拍基金會”的組織通過使一些進(jìn)入大學(xué)并成為其他家
庭榜樣的年輕女性的成功故事為人所熟知來為當(dāng)?shù)氐呐詭砀?br/>變。由此推斷，畫線詞的意思是“使某事為人所熟知”。
11. What do the stories of Rizwana and Anjum suggest？
A. Education can change women’s lives.
B. Women should compete against men.
C. It’s easy for women to succeed indeed.
D. Women should be freed from housework.
解析：　推理判斷題。第三段講述了Rizwana的故事，她想為她
所在地區(qū)的婦女提供醫(yī)療援助，因此自己去接受教育；第四段講
述了Anjum的故事，她想為女性提供免費(fèi)的法律援助，改變?nèi)藗?br/>對女性的看法，所以她正在學(xué)法律。由此可推知，Rizwana和
Anjum的故事說明了教育可以改變女性的生活。
12. Why is Aslima Khan mentioned at the end of the text？
A. To show Indian women’s hard work.
B. To call for equal rights for Indian women.
C. To prove the positive effect of the campaign.
D. To stress the importance of educating a mother.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句可知，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動正成
功地影響著一些婦女。在本段最后Aslima Khan說到“如果我上過
學(xué)的話，我就不會是這樣了”。由此可推知，提到Aslima Khan是
為了證明該運(yùn)動的積極效果。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　We like to spend our Christmas holidays somewhere warm abroad，
and that year we chose Uganda. Nature， wildlife， and sunny days were
a（n） 　13　 while it was so cold and dark in Europe. Life was
pleasant， and we had a rental car and a 　14　 schedule ahead around the
country， expecting that we could 　15　 as many places as possible
during the holiday.
　　However， just within a few days， we had a car accident at a park.
I lost 　16　 of the car， and it rolled over， 　17　 windows， the
frame and the engine.
　　 　18　， we were alive！ My right arm was severely 　19　， but
we managed to reach a nearby American hospital in Masindi. However，
we were asked to stay in town for a few more days owing to my 　20　.
　　In the duration， we were amazed to find that Masindi is such a
（n） 　21　 town that we can’t resist to 　22　 our paces. Hence
the 　23　 of our stay were the market and our daily visit to the hospital.
We looked for delicate goods， 　24　 with medical staff， hotel staff
and the people in the market， and learned more about their customs.
　　Before our 　25　， we took a road trip south through the country to
see something else. Then we focused on 　26　 its unique nature and
people. What a journey for experience and 　27　！
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者一家喜歡在溫暖的國外度過圣
誕節(jié)，于是他們選擇了去烏干達(dá)，結(jié)果在路上出了車禍，被迫留在
了一個小鎮(zhèn)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個小鎮(zhèn)的美好。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者一家喜歡在溫暖的國外度過圣
誕節(jié)，于是他們選擇了去烏干達(dá)，結(jié)果在路上出了車禍，被迫留在
了一個小鎮(zhèn)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個小鎮(zhèn)的美好。
13. A. setting B. pleasure
C. outcome D. challenge
解析：　根據(jù)空后while it was so cold and dark in Europe可知，作
者一家不喜歡歐洲的寒冷和黑暗，因此去了溫暖的國外，說明大
自然、野生動物和陽光明媚的日子是一種樂趣。setting環(huán)境；
pleasure快樂；outcome結(jié)果；challenge挑戰(zhàn)。
14. A. tight B. prior C. flexible D. loose
解析：　根據(jù)空后ahead around the country可知，行程安排得很
緊。tight緊的；prior先前的；flexible靈活的；loose松散的。
15. A. recall B. compare
C. recommend D. explore
解析：　根據(jù)空后as many places as possible during the holiday可
知，作者他們想要探索盡可能多的地方。recall想起；compare比
較；recommend推薦；explore探索。
16. A. control B. sight
C. track D. contact
解析：　根據(jù)下文it rolled over可知，車翻了，因?yàn)樽髡呤チ?br/>對車的控制。control控制；sight視力；track蹤跡；contact聯(lián)系。
17. A. ignoring B. destroying
C. checking D. repairing
解析：　根據(jù)語境可知，作者他們出了車禍，窗戶、車架和引
擎都被毀了。ignore忽視；destroy毀壞；check檢查；repair修理。
18. A. Strangely B. Suddenly
C. Interestingly D. Fortunately
解析：D　根據(jù)下文we were alive可知，幸運(yùn)地是，雖然出了車
禍，但他們還活著。strangely奇怪地；suddenly突然；interestingly
有趣地；fortunately幸運(yùn)地。
19. A. limited B. folded
C. injured D. conducted
解析：　根據(jù)空后but we managed to reach a nearby American
hospital可知，作者的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷。limit限制；fold折疊；injure
受傷；conduct實(shí)施。
20. A. ankle B. skin C. wound D. delay
解析：　根據(jù)空前的we were asked to stay in town for a few more
days owing to my可知，他們被要求在城里多待幾天是因?yàn)樽髡叩?br/>傷勢。ankle腳踝；skin皮膚；wound傷口；delay推遲。
21. A. relaxing B. appealing
C. secure D. internal
解析：　根據(jù)空前we were amazed to find可知，Masindi是一個有
吸引力的小鎮(zhèn)。relaxing令人放松的；appealing吸引人的；secure
穩(wěn)固的；internal內(nèi)部的。
22. A. adjust to B. go through
C. pick up D. slow down
解析：　根據(jù)上文可知，他們本來日程很緊張，結(jié)果到了這里
被吸引了，因此放慢了腳步。adjust to適應(yīng)；go through通過；pick
up撿起；slow down減速。
23. A. highlights B. worries
C. proofs D. chances
解析：　根據(jù)語境可知，逗留期間的最大亮點(diǎn)是市場和每天去
醫(yī)院。highlight亮點(diǎn)；worry擔(dān)心；proof證據(jù)；chance機(jī)會。
24. A. lived B. shared
C. chatted D. fought
解析：　根據(jù)空后with medical staff， hotel staff and the people in
the market可知，此處指與醫(yī)務(wù)人員、酒店工作人員和市場里的人
聊天。chat with表示“閑聊”。live居住；share分享；chat聊天；
fight戰(zhàn)斗。
25. A. engagement B. exposure
C. action D. departure
解析：　根據(jù)空后we took a road trip south through the country to
see something else可知，他們最后向南駕車旅行，穿過這個國家去
看別的東西，是在離開這個國家之前。engagement參與；exposure
暴露；action行動；departure離開。
26. A. suspecting B. appreciating
C. selecting D. protecting
解析：　根據(jù)空后its unique nature and people可知，作者專注于
欣賞它獨(dú)特的自然和人民。suspect懷疑；appreciate欣賞；select選
擇；protect保護(hù)。
27. A. suffering B. thought
C. sightseeing D. comfort
解析：　根據(jù)上文its unique nature可知，作者在當(dāng)?shù)乜吹搅瞬灰?br/>樣的景色，是觀光之旅。suffering苦難；thought想法；sightseeing
觀光；comfort安慰。
Ⅲ.語法填空
　　The trade routes are of great importance. In March， the Suez
Canal， one of the world’s most important sea trade routes， 　28　
（block） by a ship， causing an epic maritime traffic jam of nearly 300
ships between Europe and Asia. Besides the Suez Canal， China’s
ancient Silk Road also played 　29　 important role in trade and cultural
exchanges between China and Europe.
　　In early history， the Silk Road was the most important trade
route， 　30　 （mark） the beginning of globalization. As the first
route 　31　 introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization，
the Silk Road in China can date 　32　 the Han Dynasty in ancient China. In the following years in history， many great figures had made
significant 　33　 （contribute） to the development of the Silk Road.
　　Though the Silk Road was mainly a trading route， it was 　34　
（benefit） to each other in the first place. It 　35　 （actual） made
great attraction to the development of the civilization of the world，
opening long-distance political and economic communication between
Europe and Asia. The ancient Silk Road is more like a historical
textbook， enabling people from different cultures and regions 　36　
（comprehend） what happened during the ancient time. Up to now， the
Silk Road in China 　37　 （bring） great attraction to the tourism in
China even in the world.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國絲綢之路的歷史以
及其在中歐貿(mào)易和文化交流中發(fā)揮的重要作用。
28. was blocked　考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為謂語動
詞，由In March可知，此處用過去時，而Suez Canal（名詞單數(shù)）與謂
語動詞block之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was
blocked。
29. an　考查冠詞。play an important role in ...在……中起著重要作
用。故填an。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國絲綢之路的歷史以
及其在中歐貿(mào)易和文化交流中發(fā)揮的重要作用。
30. marking　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語
was且空前無連詞，空處應(yīng)用非謂語形式，動詞mark與邏輯主語the
Silk Road構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式作狀語。故填marking。
31. that　考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞route，先
行詞被序數(shù)詞the first修飾且在從句中作主語，指物。故填that。
32. from　考查介詞。date from意為“追溯到……”。故填from。
33. contributions　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。make contributions to為……作出貢
獻(xiàn)。形容詞significant 作定語修飾名詞。故填contributions。
34. beneficial　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。be beneficial to有利于。故填
beneficial。
35. actually　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾
動詞made。故填actually。
36. to comprehend　考查非謂語動詞。enable sb to do sth使某人能夠做
某事。故填to comprehend。
37. has brought　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間狀語Up to
now可知，本句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。主語the Silk Road為第三人稱單數(shù)
形式，其后謂語動詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has brought。
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