資源簡介

UNIT 3　Festivals and customs
大觀念之單元話題:節(jié)日與風俗是“人與社會”主題下一個重要的探討領域。本單元圍繞節(jié)日與風俗展開,探討了不同文化背景下節(jié)日慶典的起源、發(fā)展、象征意義以及相關風俗習慣的社會功能,旨在幫助學生了解節(jié)日與風俗如何塑造社會認同、傳承文化遺產(chǎn)、促進社會凝聚力,并激發(fā)學生對文化多樣性的尊重與思考。通過學習,學生能夠以開放和包容的態(tài)度看待不同文化中的節(jié)日與風俗,提升跨文化交流能力,推動自身全面發(fā)展。
①tapestry / t p stri/ n.掛毯
②vibrant / va br nt/ adj.充滿活力的
③solemn / s l m/ adj.莊嚴的
④renewal /r nju l/ n.更新
⑤gratitude / ɡr t tju d/ n.感激
⑥ritual / r t u l/ n.儀式
類文悅讀·情境導學
不同的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日體現(xiàn)了不同的文化。你了解潑水節(jié)和感恩節(jié)嗎
The world is a tapestry① woven with countless threads of traditions and celebrations.Each festival and custom,a unique pattern,tells a story of a people’s history,beliefs,and values.From the vibrant② parades of Chinese New Year to the solemn③ gatherings of Day of the Dead,I’ve been fortunate to witness the beauty and diversity of human expression.
One year,I found myself in a small village in Thailand during Songkran,the Thai New Year.The streets were filled with laughter and water fights,a joyous celebration of renewal④ and cleansing.I was soaked to the bone,but the infectious happiness of the locals made me feel like I belonged.It was a chaotic yet beautiful experience,a reminder that joy can be found in the simplest of acts.
Another time,I spent Thanksgiving with a family in the United States.The day was filled with the aroma of roasted turkey and the warmth of shared stories.It was a time for reflection and gratitude⑤,a moment to appreciate the bonds of family and friendship.The quiet intimacy of the gathering was a stark contrast to the boisterous (喧鬧的) energy of Songkran,yet both were equally meaningful.
These experiences have taught me that festivals and customs are more than just rituals⑥;they are the heartbeats of a culture.They connect us to our past,ground us in the present,and inspire us for the future.They remind us that despite our differences,we are all part of the same human family,sharing the same hopes,dreams,and the need to celebrate life.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and the picture below,and predict what the passage is about.
This passage might focus on Alex’s experiences when travelling around the world.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What’s the main idea of the passage
A.Describe Alex’s experiences at cultural events and their significance.
B.Highlight the differences between Indian and Brazilian celebrations.
C.Explain the importance of traditions in cultural events.
D.Share Alex’s personal reflections on cultural diversity and joy.
答案　A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What impressed Alex most about the Indian wedding
A.The bride’s red silk sari.
B.The bridegroom’s entrance on a white horse and the fire rituals.
C.The large number of guests.
D.The colorful decorations in the hotel.
2.What was the most notable feature of the Rio Carnival for Alex
A.The samba music and dancing.
B.The flags carried by the performers.
C.The roasted meat sold at street stands.
D.The costumes worn by the dancers.
3.Why did the new couple join hands and walk around a small fire
A.To warm themselves.
B.To show their romantic love.
C.To make promises to support each other and wish for a happy life.
D.To show their thanks to the guests coming to their wedding ceremony.
4.What is Alex’s attitude toward cultural diversity
A.Indifferent. B.Critical.
C.Appreciative. D.Doubtful.
5.What does Alex’s experience at the Rio Carnival reveal about celebrations
A.They are exhausting and time-consuming.
B.They bring people together in a shared sense of joy.
C.They are only enjoyable for locals.
D.They are primarily about food and drink.
答案　1.B　2.A　3.C　4.C　5.B
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,主句中“took seven steps together by the fire”和“made a different promise”為并列謂語,“how they were going to support each other and live together happily”是“how”引導的賓語從句,其中包含兩個并列的謂語動詞“support”和“l(fā)ive”,由“and”連接。
嘗試翻譯:然后他們在火堆旁一起邁了七步,每走一步都立一條不同的誓言,承諾他們將如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。
2.To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,主句為“I went to a street party”。“To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself”是不定式短語,作目的狀語,表示“為了親身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神”。
嘗試翻譯:為了切身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神,我去了一個街頭派對。
3.Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,包含兩個并列主句:“Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets”和“the smell of roasted meat filled the air”。“as we passed wave after wave of street stands”是時間狀語從句,表示“當我們經(jīng)過一波又一波的街頭攤位時”。“wave after wave”是固定短語,表示“接連不斷的,一波又一波”。
嘗試翻譯:我們經(jīng)過一波又一波街頭小攤時,裝著汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狹窄的街道兩邊,空氣中彌漫著烤肉的味道。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Recently,I attended a wedding in India and the Rio Carnival.The wedding in India took place in a 1.brightly(bright) decorated hotel room,with many guests 2.dressed(dress) up in formal,colourful clothes.A few customs made a very deep 3.impression(impress) on me.On one scene,the bridegroom rode 4.on a beautiful white horse and entered.And then the bride’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.Later the couple 5.joined(join) hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made 6.a different promise.
The other one,the Rio Carnival,Brazil,was quite different.A group of around 20 Brazilian 7.dancers(dancer) and a band in fancy costumes stood in the street,with some of them carrying flags 8.which/that blew in the wind.Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music,and the group jumped into action and the crowd began 9.to cheer(cheer),clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,10.dancing(dance) all the way.Though in different cultures,the two occasions have the similar tastes—happy,lively and exciting.
[原文呈現(xiàn)]
Alex around the world
10 January,a wedding ceremony①,India
When Nadim invited me to his sister’s wedding,I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime②.I was definitely not wrong!
The wedding ceremony took place③ in a brightly decorated hotel room.There were hundreds of guests,all dressed up in formal,colourful clothes④.According to tradition⑤,the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.
I did not understand all of the traditional customs,but a few made a deep impression on me⑥.One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white horse.I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.It reminded me of my sister’s wedding⑦.Although our cultures are so different,the smiling faces are the same.
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary⑧.The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise⑨ about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.[1]It was very romantic!
[1]句中how they were going to support...為賓語從句,充當介詞about的賓語。
After the ceremony,it was time for the celebrations.That is a story for another day,but let’s just say there was a lot of dancing.Now I know I have two left feet⑩...and both of them hurt!
26 February,Rio Carnival,Brazil
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight.No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion.I could feel it already—the Carnival was in the air!
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.Luckily,I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street.[2]Some of them carried flags,which blew in the wind.The crowd waited with excitement.
[2]句中standing in the street為動詞-ing形式短語作后置定語,修飾a band,相當于定語從句who were standing in the street。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music,and the group jumped into action.The band started playing an energetic samba beat,the dancers twisted and turned,and the crowd began to cheer,clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,dancing all the way.[3]Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.[4]I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
[3]句中dancing all the way為動詞-ing形式短語作狀語,表示伴隨的動作。
[4]句中as we passed wave after wave...為as引導的時間狀語從句。
Even as I lay in bed that evening,the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me.What an amazing first day in Rio!
[名師圈點]
①a wedding ceremony一個婚禮儀式
②the opportunity of a lifetime千載難逢的機會
③take place 發(fā)生,舉行
④dress up in formal,colourful clothes穿著正式的色彩鮮艷的服飾
⑤according to tradition根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)
⑥make a deep impression on me 給我留下深刻的印象
⑦remind sb of sth使想起/提醒某人某事
⑧anything but ordinary一點也不普通
⑨make a different promise立不同的誓言
⑩have two left feet 笨手笨腳
get off the flight 下飛機
take a week off 放假一周
this happy occasion這歡樂的慶典
in the air 可感覺到;在傳播中
the merry crowd 歡樂的人群
wait with excitement興奮地等待
an explosion of bright colours and lively music鮮艷的色彩和熱烈的音樂噴薄而出
jump into action 立刻行動起來
march down the street 沿街前行
the ever-growing sea of people 越來越多的人
be caught up in被卷入,陷入
[譯文參考]
亞力克斯環(huán)游世界
一月十日,一場婚禮,印度
當納迪姆邀請我參加他妹妹的婚禮時,我就知道這將是個千載難逢的機會。我絕對沒有搞錯!
婚禮在一間裝飾華美的酒店房間內舉行。到場賓客數(shù)以百計,個個身著正式的、色彩艷麗的禮服。遵照傳統(tǒng),新娘身穿一襲分外奪目的紅絲綢莎麗。
不是所有的傳統(tǒng)習俗我都了解,但有一些給我留下了深刻的印象。一個是新郎騎著一匹俊美的白馬入場。這我在國內可從未見過!再就是納迪姆的父親自豪地領著女兒,穿過一排排座位走向新郎的環(huán)節(jié)。這一幕讓我想起了我妹妹的婚禮。盡管我們的文化如此不同,但含笑的面孔卻是一樣的。
接下來的風俗絕對不尋常。新婚夫婦攜手圍著一個小火堆走上四圈。然后他們在火堆旁一起邁了七步,每走一步都立一條不同的誓言,承諾他們將如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。真是太浪漫了!
儀式之后,就是歡慶的時刻了。這個話題改日再聊,但是先這么說吧,(那天)舞跳了不少。現(xiàn)在我只知道我“有兩只左腳”……而且兩只都疼得不行!
二月二十六日,里約狂歡節(jié),巴西
我一下飛機就有一股暑熱襲來。難怪里約人民要為這場歡樂的慶典放假一周。我已經(jīng)感覺到了——這狂歡節(jié)的氣氛!
為了切身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神,我去了一個街頭派對。幸運的是我來的時間剛好——我剛在歡樂的人群中找好位置,表演就要開始了。我可以看到大約二十名巴西舞者和一支穿著華麗的服裝的樂隊正站在街頭。有人還拿著旗子,旗子隨風飄蕩著。人們興奮地等待著。
突然,鮮艷的色彩和熱烈的音樂噴薄而出,歌舞隊應聲一躍而起。樂隊奏起勁爆的桑巴節(jié)拍,跳舞的人扭動腰身,人群開始歡呼、鼓掌和歌唱。歌舞隊全體開始沿街前行。狂歡節(jié)的人潮帶著我們穿過不斷擴張的人海,一路上跳舞不停。我們經(jīng)過一波又一波街頭小攤時,裝著汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狹窄的街道兩邊,空氣中彌漫著烤肉的味道。我深深地沉迷于派對的狂熱中,不知不覺五個小時已經(jīng)過去了!
甚至當我晚上躺在床上的時候,那鮮艷的色彩和歡快的音樂依然在我腦海中盤旋游弋。里約首日,多么奇妙的一天!
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
(2025·揚州市高一上期中)
Four Popular Festivals in Liuzhou
If you are a party animal in Liuzhou,join us to explore some of the popular festivals in this area.
Temple Fair Day
It is believed to be the oldest and the largest temple fair day celebrated in Fengshan,Liuzhou.It is an event known to easily attract more than 30,000 people to take part in the parades (游行).It is a day for enjoying temple wishes,dancing to non-stop ethnic (民族的) songs,and tasting lots of local dishes.
Time:February　Price:Free
March 3rd Festival
This is an annual event that takes place every March in Sanjiang county.The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.You can also expect to enjoy live ethnic music and dances performed by famous local dancers.
Time:March 3rd　Price:3 RMB
Liuzhou Marathon Festival
This event started more than 10 years ago.Currently,it is an attractive weekend that sees attendance go way past 12,000 people.During the festival,participants take part in exciting activities,with the major ones like funny marathon,and food sales.
Time:April　Price:12 RMB
Dragon Boat Show
Longtan park is usually the place of Dragon Boat Show—a festival for boating lovers that occurs in May.It is the largest dragon boat show in Liuzhou.A great deal of people will be there at that time.Welcome to join the show.
Time:May　Price:5 RMB
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了柳州四大流行節(jié)日。
1.What is special about Temple Fair Day
A.It is for boating lovers.
B.It lasts two months.
C.It’s free of charge.
D.It started 10 years ago.
答案　C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Temple Fair Day中關鍵信息“Price:Free(價格:免費)”可知,廟會日可以免費參加,故選C項。]
2.What can tourists do at March 3rd Festival
A.Buy some books.
B.Taste homemade food.
C.Watch boat shows.
D.Join a parade.
答案　B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)March 3rd Festival中關鍵句“The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.(這個節(jié)日有許多少數(shù)民族的自制食物)”可知,在3月3節(jié)那天,游客可以品嘗家庭自制食物,故選B項。]
3.Which of the following festivals takes place in April
A.Liuzhou Marathon Festival.
B.March 3rd Festival.
C.Dragon Boat Show.
D.Temple Fair Day.
答案　A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Liuzhou Marathon Festival中關鍵信息“Time:April(時間:四月)”可知,柳州馬拉松節(jié)在4月舉辦,故選A項。]
B
(2025·常州市高一聯(lián)考期末)
As a Chinese native religion,Taoism has a close relationship with Chinese folk customs.With the development of Taoism,it has become deep-rooted in,and the practices of,the ordinary people.This can be seen both in Taoist religious festivals and sacrifice-offerings.
There are many Taoist festivals,and quite a few of them have evolved into folk festivals.For example,the Double Ninth Festival on September 9 of lunar calendar came from the Taoist festival.It is said that in the Eastern Han Dynasty,there was a Taoist immortal named Fei Changfang,who was resourceful enough to drive all devils away.At that time,he had a pupil called Huan Jing.One day,Fei Changfang foresaw a disaster on September 9 in Huan Jing’s family,and told Huan Jing to fasten a bundle of dogwood onto his arm,and drink chrysanthemum wine in an elevated place so as to prevent the disaster.Having done what he had been told,Huan Jing’s family was indeed safe and sound.Along with the spreading of Taoism,this legend has evolved into the Double Ninth Festival.When the day comes,people will carry dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine in elevated places.
Many immortals in Taoism came into being on the basis of earthy folk gods,and thus the Taoist god-worshiping system has much in common with the earthy folk god-worshiping.On the one hand,a number of earthy folk gods such as Caishen(mammon),Chenghuangshen(city god),Dongyuedadi(god of East Mountain) and Guanshengdi(god of Saint Guan) have become part of the pedigree of folk gods;on the other hand,Taoist immortals such as Laojun(Holy Lord),Yuhuangdadi(Jade Emperor) and Baxian(eight immortals) have become widespread and part of people’s life.
Moreover,some Taoist taboo tricks have an extensive influence on the folk society,especially in the countryside;or rather,they have constituted a necessary part of folk customs.The combination of Taoism and Chinese folk customs is in various aspects,but it is mainly embodied in celebrations of festivals and seasonal changes and spirit worshiping.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。
4.Where can you probably find this article
A.From a history textbook.
B.From a travel brochure.
C.From a research paper.
D.From a cultural website.
答案　D　[文章出處題。通讀全文,并結合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。屬于文化習俗的范疇,由此推知,本文很有可能出現(xiàn)在一個文化網(wǎng)站,故選D項。]
5.How are Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly developed
A.By analyzing causes and effects.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By following time order.
答案　B　[寫作手法題。根據(jù)第二段的“There are many Taoist...the Taoist festival.”中的for example,第三段的“Many immortals in Taoism...earthy folk god-worshiping.”以及本段中的on the one hand,on the other hand推知,第二和第三段都是通過舉例的方式展開的,故選B項。]
6.What is the genre or type of literature of this article
A.A story.
B.An argumentation.
C.An exposition.
D.A news report.
答案　C　[文章類型題。文章第一段提出道教與中國民間習俗有密切的關系,接下來通過第二段舉例重陽來源于道教和第三段舉例民間土神崇拜與道教神仙崇拜體系相同來說明第一段提出的“道教與中國民間習俗有密切的關系”。由此推知,本文是一篇說明文,故選C項。]
8.What can be a suitable title for the article
A.Taoism and folk customs
B.Taoism,a Chinese native religion
C.The origin of Chinese folk customs
D.The development of Taoism
答案　A　[標題歸納題。通讀全文,并結合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。因此A項“道教和民間習俗”可以作為本文的最佳標題,故選A項。]
C
(2025·重慶市高一統(tǒng)考期末)
The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on Feb 21,almost a month after the Spring Festival.The celebration usually starts on the first day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar and ends after 15 days.Just like the Spring Festival,the Tibetan New Year marks the perfect opportunity for Tibetans to reunite with their relatives and friends.
With a sweet smell coming from the pot,Tsewang,74,stirred the soup ladle from time to time at her Singpori home.She was cooking “gutu”,a kind of soup made of flour and a traditional dish for the night of the 29th of the 12th month in the Tibetan calendar.
“Gu” in Tibetan means nine,which is a lucky number.“Tu” means “pasta.” Nine different fillings like wool,charcoal and chili are placed inside the dough drops,and each of these fillings has a meaning.
“It is the Tibetan New Year’s Eve tomorrow.The family and relatives will be gathered together and welcoming a warm New Year at the new home,” Tsewang said on Sunday.
For 46-year-old Li Xijun,from northwest China’s Gansu Province,celebrating Tibetan New Year with his wife Drolma Tsering has become a part of his life after living in Tibet for 26 years.
“We celebrate both Spring Festival and Tibetan New Year at home,” he said.Li started his commercial trade business in Tibet after retiring from the army in 1997.He met his wife in 2000,and has since settled in the border county of Yadong to take care of Drolma Tsering’s parents and younger sister.
It is the third Tibetan New Year for Yuan Yubing from Shanghai.Yuan came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting in 2017 and married Losang Samkhar,her studio teacher,the following year.
“I was more of a spectator when I first celebrated the festival,” Yuan said.But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.
Yuan and her mother-in-law have cleaned up the windows at home,and all the New Year’s goods are ready.She has even replaced her mother-in-law to cook for the family for New Year’s Eve.“Coming to Tibet makes me feel that my heart has found a home,” she said.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了藏歷新年的一些習俗以及人們慶祝藏歷新年的經(jīng)歷。
8.The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
A.Sunday B.Monday
C.Tuesday D.Wednesday
答案　B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“‘It is the...said on Sunday.”可知,周一是2023年藏歷新年,故選B項。]
9.Tibetan New Year and Spring Festival share the same features except that 　　　　.
A.it is a great opportunity for reunion
B.people will enjoy traditional dishes like “gutu”
C.people will gather and welcome the arrival of New Year
D.people will prepare New Year’s goods ahead of time
答案　B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“With a sweet smell...in the Tibetan calendar.”可知,B選項“人們會享用傳統(tǒng)的菜肴,比如‘gutu’”不是共同點,故選B項。]
10.In the last but one paragraph,by saying “I was more of a spectator”,Yuan wants to express that 　　　　.
A.she was not interested in Tibetan New Year at all
B.she celebrated Spring Festival only all the time
C.she had no sense of belonging there at that time
D.she had no idea about the Tibetan New Year customs then
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.”可推知,袁女士生活了多年才了解了藏歷新年的習俗,所以她說“我更多的是一個旁觀者”來表達她當時對藏歷新年的習俗一無所知,故選D項。]
11.About Li Xijun and Yuan Yubin,which of the statements is TRUE
A.They both came from Gansu Province.
B.They both came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting.
C.They both probably married a local in Tibet.
D.They both have settled down in Yadong.
答案　C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“For 46-year-old Li Xijun...in Tibet for 26 years.”以及倒數(shù)第二段“It is the third...the following year.”可知,關于這二人,C選項“他們可能都和西藏當?shù)厝私Y婚了”正確,故選C項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
Most Americans love Chinese food.However,the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine (烹飪) enjoyed daily by people living in China.The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.　1　 To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.Over the years,Chinese cuisine has made its way into the mainstream and has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying.Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.　2　 Instead,methods such as baking,steaming,boiling and stewing (煨),are more commonly used.
　3　 Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.Some ingredients—like broccoli (西蘭花),carrots,onions,tomatoes and dairy products (乳制品)—are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.
In addition,most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume.Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.　4　 Meanwhile,many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.Sweet and Sour Chicken,for example,has no equivalent in traditional Chinese cuisine.　5　
A.Another big difference is the ingredients used.
B.Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.
C.There are so many traditional Chinese dishes in China.
D.Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.
E.Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.
F.However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.
G.Most cultural groups brought their customs and cuisines along with them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國菜在西方的餐館中西方化的歷史過程,同時也指出了二者在烹飪方法、選材等方面的不同。
1.D　[根據(jù)前文“The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.”可知,中國菜是19世紀傳入西方的,交代了西方化中餐的歷史背景。同時根據(jù)下文“To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.”可知,此處表示人們將開設中餐館作為謀生手段。D選項“Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.”承接上文,引起下文,指出因為許多中國移民在美國找工作都遇到了困難,所以為了謀生,他們中的一些人開了餐館。下文中them指代的D選項中的many Chinese immigrants。故選D。]
2.F　[根據(jù)前文“One of the main...in cooking methods.”以及前文“Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.”可知,本段介紹傳統(tǒng)中國菜與西化的中國菜在烹飪方法上的區(qū)別。F選項“However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.”承接前文,指出傳統(tǒng)中國菜的烹飪方法與西化中國菜之間的區(qū)別,符合語境。故選F。]
3.A　[根據(jù)后文的“Westernized Chinese food...in authentic Chinese cooking.”可知,本段主要介紹的是西化的中餐和傳統(tǒng)中餐兩者之間原料選用的不同。A選項“Another big difference is the ingredients used.(另一個很大的不同是所用的原料。)”概括本段主旨。故選A。]
4.B　[根據(jù)前文“Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.”可知,西方人不太喜歡吃中國菜中常用的肉菜。B選項“Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.(西方人一般不會選擇吃它們。)”中的them指代前文的protein sources,與前文呼應。故選B。]
5.E　[根據(jù)前文“Meanwhile,many of...Chinese cuisine.”可知,有很多菜在傳統(tǒng)的中餐館是沒有供應的,而是在西方化的中國菜中進行了重新創(chuàng)作和本土化的過程,此處以糖醋雞為例。E選項“Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.(同樣,幸運餅干完全是美國人的發(fā)明。)”以幸運餅干為例,與前文的糖醋雞構成并列,指出這些菜都是只在西方出現(xiàn)的中國菜式。故選E。](共75張PPT)
主題語境:人與社會——節(jié)日與風俗
UNIT 3　Festivals and customs
大觀念之單元話題:節(jié)日與風俗是“人與社會”主題下一個重要的探討領域。本單元圍繞節(jié)日與風俗展開,探討了不同文化背景下節(jié)日慶典的起源、發(fā)展、象征意義以及相關風俗習慣的社會功能,旨在幫助學生了解節(jié)日與風俗如何塑造社會認同、傳承文化遺產(chǎn)、促進社會凝聚力,并激發(fā)學生對文化多樣性的尊重與思考。通過學習,學生能夠以開放和包容的態(tài)度看待不同文化中的節(jié)日與風俗,提升跨文化交流能力,推動自身全面發(fā)展。
①tapestry / t p stri/ n.掛毯
②vibrant / va br nt/ adj.充滿活力的
③solemn / s l m/ adj.莊嚴的
④renewal /r nju l/ n.更新
⑤gratitude / ɡr t tju d/ n.感激
⑥ritual / r t u l/ n.儀式
類文悅讀·情境導學
不同的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日體現(xiàn)了不同的文化。你了解潑水節(jié)和感恩節(jié)嗎
The world is a tapestry① woven with countless threads of traditions and celebrations.Each festival and custom,a unique pattern,tells a story of a people’s history,beliefs,and values.From the vibrant② parades of Chinese New Year to the solemn③ gatherings of Day of the Dead,I’ve been fortunate to witness the beauty and diversity of human expression.
One year,I found myself in a small village in Thailand during Songkran,the Thai New Year.The streets were filled with laughter and water fights,a joyous celebration of renewal④ and cleansing.I was soaked to the bone,but the infectious happiness of the locals made me feel like I belonged.It was a chaotic yet beautiful experience,a reminder that joy can be found in the simplest of acts.
Another time,I spent Thanksgiving with a family in the United States.The day was filled with the aroma of roasted turkey and the warmth of shared stories.It was a time for reflection and gratitude⑤,a moment to appreciate the bonds of family and friendship.The quiet intimacy of the gathering was a stark contrast to the boisterous (喧鬧的) energy of Songkran,yet both were equally meaningful.
These experiences have taught me that festivals and customs are more than just rituals⑥;they are the heartbeats of a culture.They connect us to our past,ground us in the present,and inspire us for the future.They remind us that despite our differences,we are all part of the same human family,sharing the same hopes,dreams,and the need to celebrate life.
文本整體理解
內
容
索
引
語篇助解釋疑
課時精練
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage and the picture below,and predict what the passage is about.
This passage might focus on Alex’s experiences when travelling around the world.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What’s the main idea of the passage
A.Describe Alex’s experiences at cultural events and their significance.
B.Highlight the differences between Indian and Brazilian celebrations.
C.Explain the importance of traditions in cultural events.
D.Share Alex’s personal reflections on cultural diversity and joy.
√
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again
and fill in the blanks.
a red silk sari
a white horse
her husband
joined hands
made promises
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What impressed Alex most about the Indian wedding
A.The bride’s red silk sari.
B.The bridegroom’s entrance on a white horse and the fire rituals.
C.The large number of guests.
D.The colorful decorations in the hotel.
√
2.What was the most notable feature of the Rio Carnival for Alex
A.The samba music and dancing.
B.The flags carried by the performers.
C.The roasted meat sold at street stands.
D.The costumes worn by the dancers.
√
3.Why did the new couple join hands and walk around a small fire
A.To warm themselves.
B.To show their romantic love.
C.To make promises to support each other and wish for a happy life.
D.To show their thanks to the guests coming to their wedding ceremony.
√
4.What is Alex’s attitude toward cultural diversity
A.Indifferent. B.Critical.
C.Appreciative. D.Doubtful.
√
5.What does Alex’s experience at the Rio Carnival reveal about celebrations
A.They are exhausting and time-consuming.
B.They bring people together in a shared sense of joy.
C.They are only enjoyable for locals.
D.They are primarily about food and drink.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,主句中“took seven steps together by the fire”和“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　”為并列謂語,“how they were going to support each other and live together happily”是“how”引導的　　　　　　從句,其中包含兩個并列的謂語動詞“support”和“l(fā)ive”,由“and”連接。
嘗試翻譯:　　　
made a different promise
賓語
然后他們在火堆旁一起邁了七步,每走一步都立一條不同的誓言,承諾他們將如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。
2.To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,主句為“I went to a street party”。“To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself”是不定式短語,作
　　　　　狀語,表示“為了親身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神”。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
目的
為了切身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神,我去了一個街頭派對。
3.Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.
學會斷句:本句為復合句,包含兩個并列主句:“Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets”和“the smell of roasted meat filled the air”。“as we passed wave after wave of street stands”是
　　　　　　　從句,表示“當我們經(jīng)過一波又一波的街頭攤位時”。“wave after wave”是固定短語,表示“接連不斷的,一波又一波”。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
時間狀語
我們經(jīng)過一波又一波街頭小攤時,裝著汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狹窄的街道兩邊,空氣中彌漫著烤肉的味道。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Recently,I attended a wedding in India and the Rio Carnival.The wedding in India took place in a 1.　　　　　　　(bright) decorated hotel room,with many guests 2.　　　　　　(dress) up in formal, colourful clothes.A few customs made a very deep 3.______________ (impress) on me.On one scene,the bridegroom rode 4.　　　　　　 a beautiful white horse and entered.And then the bride’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.Later the couple 5.　　　　　　(join) hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made 6.　　　　　　 different promise.
brightly
dressed
impression
on
joined
a
The other one,the Rio Carnival,Brazil,was quite different.A group of around 20 Brazilian 7.　　　　　　　　(dancer) and a band in fancy costumes stood in the street,with some of them carrying flags 8.______________ blew in the wind.Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music,and the group jumped into action and the crowd began 9.　　　　　　(cheer),clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people,10.　　　　　　(dance) all the way.Though in different cultures,the two occasions have the similar tastes—happy,lively and exciting.
dancers
which/that
to cheer
dancing
語 篇 助 解 釋 疑
[原文呈現(xiàn)]
Alex around the world
10 January,a wedding ceremony①,India
When Nadim invited me to his sister’s wedding,I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime②.I was definitely not wrong!
The wedding ceremony took place③ in a brightly decorated hotel room.There were hundreds of guests,all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes④.According to tradition⑤,the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.
I did not understand all of the traditional customs,but a few made a deep impression on me⑥.One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white horse.I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.It reminded me of my sister’s wedding⑦.Although our cultures are so different,the smiling faces are the same.
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary⑧.The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times.Then they took seven steps together by the fire,and with each step made a different promise⑨ about how they were going to support each other and live together happily.[1]It was very romantic!
[1]句中how they were going to support...為賓語從句,充當介詞about的賓語。
After the ceremony,it was time for the celebrations.That is a story for another day,but let’s just say there was a lot of dancing.Now I know I have two left feet⑩...and both of them hurt!
26 February,Rio Carnival,Brazil
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight .No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion .I could feel it already—the Carnival was in the air !
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself,I went to a street party.Luckily,I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd . I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street.[2]Some of them carried flags,which blew in the wind.The crowd waited with excitement .
[2]句中standing in the street為動詞-ing形式短語作后置定語,修飾a band,相當于定語從句who were standing in the street。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music , and the group jumped into action .The band started playing an energetic samba beat,the dancers twisted and turned,and the crowd began to cheer,clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street .The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people ,dancing all the way.[3]Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets,and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.[4]I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
[3]句中dancing all the way為動詞-ing形式短語作狀語,表示伴隨的動作。
[4]句中as we passed wave after wave...為as引導的時間狀語從句。
Even as I lay in bed that evening,the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me.What an amazing first day in Rio!
[名師圈點]
①a wedding ceremony一個婚禮儀式
②the opportunity of a lifetime千載難逢的機會
③take place 發(fā)生,舉行
④dress up in formal,colourful clothes穿著正式的色彩鮮艷的服飾
⑤according to tradition根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)
⑥make a deep impression on me 給我留下深刻的印象
⑦remind sb of sth使想起/提醒某人某事
⑧anything but ordinary一點也不普通
⑨make a different promise立不同的誓言
⑩have two left feet 笨手笨腳
get off the flight 下飛機
take a week off 放假一周
this happy occasion這歡樂的慶典
in the air 可感覺到;在傳播中
the merry crowd 歡樂的人群
wait with excitement興奮地等待
an explosion of bright colours and lively music
鮮艷的色彩和熱烈的音樂噴薄而出
jump into action 立刻行動起來
march down the street 沿街前行
the ever-growing sea of people 越來越多的人
be caught up in被卷入,陷入
[譯文參考]
亞力克斯環(huán)游世界
一月十日,一場婚禮,印度
當納迪姆邀請我參加他妹妹的婚禮時,我就知道這將是個千載難逢的機會。我絕對沒有搞錯!
婚禮在一間裝飾華美的酒店房間內舉行。到場賓客數(shù)以百計,個個身著正式的、色彩艷麗的禮服。遵照傳統(tǒng),新娘身穿一襲分外奪目的紅絲綢莎麗。
不是所有的傳統(tǒng)習俗我都了解,但有一些給我留下了深刻的印象。一個是新郎騎著一匹俊美的白馬入場。這我在國內可從未見過!再就是納迪姆的父親自豪地領著女兒,穿過一排排座位走向新郎的環(huán)節(jié)。這一幕讓我想起了我妹妹的婚禮。盡管我們的文化如此不同,但含笑的面孔卻是一樣的。
接下來的風俗絕對不尋常。新婚夫婦攜手圍著一個小火堆走上四圈。然后他們在火堆旁一起邁了七步,每走一步都立一條不同的誓言,承諾他們將如何相互扶持并幸福地生活在一起。真是太浪漫了!
儀式之后,就是歡慶的時刻了。這個話題改日再聊,但是先這么說吧,(那天)舞跳了不少。現(xiàn)在我只知道我“有兩只左腳”……而且兩只都疼得不行!
二月二十六日,里約狂歡節(jié),巴西
我一下飛機就有一股暑熱襲來。難怪里約人民要為這場歡樂的慶典放假一周。我已經(jīng)感覺到了——這狂歡節(jié)的氣氛!
為了切身體驗狂歡節(jié)的精神,我去了一個街頭派對。幸運的是我來的時間剛好——我剛在歡樂的人群中找好位置,表演就要開始了。我可以看到大約二十名巴西舞者和一支穿著華麗的服裝的樂隊正站在街頭。有人還拿著旗子,旗子隨風飄蕩著。人們興奮地等待著。
突然,鮮艷的色彩和熱烈的音樂噴薄而出,歌舞隊應聲一躍而起。樂隊奏起勁爆的桑巴節(jié)拍,跳舞的人扭動腰身,人群開始歡呼、鼓掌和歌唱。歌舞隊全體開始沿街前行。狂歡節(jié)的人潮帶著我們穿過不斷擴張的人海,一路上跳舞不停。我們經(jīng)過一波又一波街頭小攤時,裝著汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狹窄的街道兩邊,空氣中彌漫著烤肉的味道。我深深地沉迷于派對的狂熱中,不知不覺五個小時已經(jīng)過去了!
甚至當我晚上躺在床上的時候,那鮮艷的色彩和歡快的音樂依然在我腦海中盤旋游弋。里約首日,多么奇妙的一天!
課 時 精 練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
(2025·揚州市高一上期中)
Four Popular Festivals in Liuzhou
If you are a party animal in Liuzhou,join us to explore some of the popular festivals in this area.
Temple Fair Day
It is believed to be the oldest and the largest temple fair day celebrated in Fengshan,Liuzhou.It is an event known to easily attract more than 30,000 people to take part in the parades (游行).It is a day for enjoying temple wishes,dancing to non-stop ethnic (民族的) songs,and tasting lots of local dishes.
Time:February　Price:Free
March 3rd Festival
This is an annual event that takes place every March in Sanjiang county.The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.You can also expect to enjoy live ethnic music and dances performed by famous local dancers.
Time:March 3rd　Price:3 RMB
Liuzhou Marathon Festival
This event started more than 10 years ago.Currently,it is an attractive weekend that sees attendance go way past 12,000 people.During the festival,participants take part in exciting activities,with the major ones like funny marathon,and food sales.
Time:April　Price:12 RMB
Dragon Boat Show
Longtan park is usually the place of Dragon Boat Show—a festival for boating lovers that occurs in May.It is the largest dragon boat show in Liuzhou.A great deal of people will be there at that time.Welcome to join the show.
Time:May　Price:5 RMB
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了柳州四大流行節(jié)日。
1.What is special about Temple Fair Day
A.It is for boating lovers.
B.It lasts two months.
C.It’s free of charge.
D.It started 10 years ago.
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Temple Fair Day中關鍵信息“Price:Free (價格:免費)”可知,廟會日可以免費參加,故選C項。
√
2.What can tourists do at March 3rd Festival
A.Buy some books. B.Taste homemade food.
C.Watch boat shows. D.Join a parade.
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)March 3rd Festival中關鍵句“The festival features a lot of ethnic minority homemade food.(這個節(jié)日有許多少數(shù)民族的自制食物)”可知,在3月3節(jié)那天,游客可以品嘗家庭自制食物,故選B項。
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3.Which of the following festivals takes place in April
A.Liuzhou Marathon Festival.
B.March 3rd Festival.
C.Dragon Boat Show.
D.Temple Fair Day.
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Liuzhou Marathon Festival中關鍵信息“Time:April(時間:四月)”可知,柳州馬拉松節(jié)在4月舉辦,故選A項。
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B
(2025·常州市高一聯(lián)考期末)
As a Chinese native religion,Taoism has a close relationship with Chinese folk customs.With the development of Taoism,it has become deep-rooted in,and the practices of,the ordinary people.This can be seen both in Taoist religious festivals and sacrifice-offerings.
There are many Taoist festivals,and quite a few of them have evolved into folk festivals.For example,the Double Ninth Festival on September 9 of lunar calendar came from the Taoist festival.It is said that in the Eastern Han Dynasty,there was a Taoist immortal named Fei Changfang,who was resourceful enough to drive all devils away.At that time,he had a pupil called Huan Jing.One day,Fei Changfang foresaw a disaster on September 9 in Huan Jing’s family,and told Huan Jing to fasten a bundle of dogwood onto his arm,and drink
chrysanthemum wine in an elevated place so as to prevent the disaster. Having done what he had been told,Huan Jing’s family was indeed safe and sound.Along with the spreading of Taoism,this legend has evolved into the Double Ninth Festival.When the day comes,people will carry dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine in elevated places.
Many immortals in Taoism came into being on the basis of earthy folk gods,and thus the Taoist god-worshiping system has much in common with the earthy folk god-worshiping.On the one hand,a number of earthy folk gods such as Caishen(mammon), Chenghuangshen(city god),Dongyuedadi(god of East Mountain) and Guanshengdi(god of Saint Guan) have become part of the pedigree of folk gods;on the other hand,Taoist immortals such as Laojun(Holy Lord),Yuhuangdadi(Jade Emperor) and Baxian(eight immortals) have become widespread and part of people’s life.
Moreover,some Taoist taboo tricks have an extensive influence on the folk society,especially in the countryside;or rather,they have constituted a necessary part of folk customs.The combination of Taoism and Chinese folk customs is in various aspects,but it is mainly embodied in celebrations of festivals and seasonal changes and spirit worshiping.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。
4.Where can you probably find this article
A.From a history textbook. B.From a travel brochure.
C.From a research paper. D.From a cultural website.
解析　文章出處題。通讀全文,并結合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。屬于文化習俗的范疇,由此推知,本文很有可能出現(xiàn)在一個文化網(wǎng)站,故選D項。
√
5.How are Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly developed
A.By analyzing causes and effects.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By following time order.
解析　寫作手法題。根據(jù)第二段的“There are many Taoist...the Taoist festival.”中的for example,第三段的“Many immortals in Taoism...earthy folk god-worshiping.”以及本段中的on the one hand,on the other hand推知,第二和第三段都是通過舉例的方式展開的,故選B項。
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6.What is the genre or type of literature of this article
A.A story. B.An argumentation.
C.An exposition. D.A news report.
解析　文章類型題。文章第一段提出道教與中國民間習俗有密切的關系,接下來通過第二段舉例重陽來源于道教和第三段舉例民間土神崇拜與道教神仙崇拜體系相同來說明第一段提出的“道教與中國民間習俗有密切的關系”。由此推知,本文是一篇說明文,故選C項。
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7.What can be a suitable title for the article
A.Taoism and folk customs
B.Taoism,a Chinese native religion
C.The origin of Chinese folk customs
D.The development of Taoism
解析　標題歸納題。通讀全文,并結合第一段“As a Chinese native religion...and sacrifice-offerings.”可知,本文主要介紹了道教和民間習俗的密切關系。因此A項“道教和民間習俗”可以作為本文的最佳標題,故選A項。
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C
(2025·重慶市高一統(tǒng)考期末)
The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on Feb 21,almost a month after the Spring Festival.The celebration usually starts on the first day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar and ends after 15 days.Just like the Spring Festival,the Tibetan New Year marks the perfect opportunity for Tibetans to reunite with their relatives and friends.
With a sweet smell coming from the pot,Tsewang,74,stirred the soup ladle from time to time at her Singpori home.She was cooking “gutu”,a kind of soup made of flour and a traditional dish for the night of the 29th of the 12th month in the Tibetan calendar.
“Gu” in Tibetan means nine,which is a lucky number.“Tu” means “pasta.” Nine different fillings like wool,charcoal and chili are placed inside the dough drops,and each of these fillings has a meaning.
“It is the Tibetan New Year’s Eve tomorrow.The family and relatives will be gathered together and welcoming a warm New Year at the new home,” Tsewang said on Sunday.
For 46-year-old Li Xijun,from northwest China’s Gansu Province,celebrating Tibetan New Year with his wife Drolma Tsering has become a part of his life after living in Tibet for 26 years.
“We celebrate both Spring Festival and Tibetan New Year at home,” he said.Li started his commercial trade business in Tibet after retiring from the army in 1997.He met his wife in 2000,and has since settled in the border county of Yadong to take care of Drolma Tsering’s parents and younger sister.
It is the third Tibetan New Year for Yuan Yubing from Shanghai.Yuan came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting in 2017 and married Losang Samkhar,her studio teacher,the following year.
“I was more of a spectator when I first celebrated the festival,” Yuan said.But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.
Yuan and her mother-in-law have cleaned up the windows at home,and all the New Year’s goods are ready.She has even replaced her mother-in-law to cook for the family for New Year’s Eve.“Coming to Tibet makes me feel that my heart has found a home,” she said.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了藏歷新年的一些習俗以及人們慶祝藏歷新年的經(jīng)歷。
8.The 2023 Tibetan New Year falls on 　　　　.
A.Sunday B.Monday
C.Tuesday D.Wednesday
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“‘It is the...said on Sunday.”可知,周一是2023年藏歷新年,故選B項。
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9.Tibetan New Year and Spring Festival share the same features except that 　　　　.
A.it is a great opportunity for reunion
B.people will enjoy traditional dishes like “gutu”
C.people will gather and welcome the arrival of New Year
D.people will prepare New Year’s goods ahead of time
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“With a sweet smell...in the Tibetan calendar.”可知,B選項“人們會享用傳統(tǒng)的菜肴,比如‘gutu’”不是共同點,故選B項。
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10.In the last but one paragraph,by saying “I was more of a spectator”,Yuan wants to express that 　　　　.
A.she was not interested in Tibetan New Year at all
B.she celebrated Spring Festival only all the time
C.she had no sense of belonging there at that time
D.she had no idea about the Tibetan New Year customs then
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“But after years of living here,Yuan has already known all kinds of customs of the Tibetan New Year.”可推知,袁女士生活了多年才了解了藏歷新年的習俗,所以她說“我更多的是一個旁觀者”來表達她當時對藏歷新年的習俗一無所知,故選D項。
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11.About Li Xijun and Yuan Yubin,which of the statements is TRUE
A.They both came from Gansu Province.
B.They both came to Tibet to learn Thangka painting.
C.They both probably married a local in Tibet.
D.They both have settled down in Yadong.
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“For 46-year-old Li Xijun...in Tibet for 26 years.”以及倒數(shù)第二段“It is the third...the following year.”可知,關于這二人,C選項“他們可能都和西藏當?shù)厝私Y婚了”正確,故選C項。
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Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
Most Americans love Chinese food.However,the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine (烹飪) enjoyed daily by people living in China.The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.　1　 To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.Over the years,Chinese cuisine has made its way into the mainstream and has been adapted to reflect Western influences.
One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying.Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.　2　 Instead,methods such as baking,steaming,boiling and stewing (煨),are more commonly used.
　3　 Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines.Some ingredients—like broccoli (西蘭花),carrots,onions,tomatoes and dairy products (乳制品)—are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.
In addition,most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume.Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.　4　 Meanwhile,many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all.Sweet and Sour Chicken,for example,has no equivalent in traditional Chinese cuisine.　5　
A.Another big difference is the ingredients used.
B.Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.
C.There are so many traditional Chinese dishes in China.
D.Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.
E.Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.
F.However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.
G.Most cultural groups brought their customs and cuisines along with them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國菜在西方的餐館中西方化的歷史過程,同時也指出了二者在烹飪方法、選材等方面的不同。
1.D　[根據(jù)前文“The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.”可知,中國菜是19世紀傳入西方的,交代了西方化中餐的歷史背景。同時根據(jù)下文“To make a living,some of them opened restaurants.”可知,此處表示人們將開設中餐館作為謀生手段。D選項“Many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.”承接上文,引起下文,指出因為許多中國移民在美國找工作都遇到了困難,所以為了謀生,他們中的一些人開了餐館。下文中them指代的D選項中的many Chinese immigrants。故選D。]
2.F　[根據(jù)前文“One of the main...in cooking methods.”以及前文“Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods.”可知,本段介紹傳統(tǒng)中國菜與西化的中國菜在烹飪方法上的區(qū)別。F選項“However,traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying.”承接前文,指出傳統(tǒng)中國菜的烹飪方法與西化中國菜之間的區(qū)別,符合語境。故選F。]
3.A　[根據(jù)后文的“Westernized Chinese food...in authentic Chinese cooking.”可知,本段主要介紹的是西化的中餐和傳統(tǒng)中餐兩者之間原料選用的不同。A選項“Another big difference is the ingredients used.(另一個很大的不同是所用的原料。)”概括本段主旨。故選A。]
4.B　[根據(jù)前文“Authentic Chinese food,in contrast,uses a wider variety of protein sources,including snake,chicken feet,and duck blood etc.”可知,西方人不太喜歡吃中國菜中常用的肉菜。B選項“Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat them.(西方人一般不會選擇吃它們。)”中的them指代前文的protein sources,與前文呼應。故選B。]
5.E　[根據(jù)前文“Meanwhile,many of...Chinese cuisine.”可知,有很多菜在傳統(tǒng)的中餐館是沒有供應的,而是在西方化的中國菜中進行了重新創(chuàng)作和本土化的過程,此處以糖醋雞為例。E選項“Similarly,the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.(同樣,幸運餅干完全是美國人的發(fā)明。)”以幸運餅干為例,與前文的糖醋雞構成并列,指出這些菜都是只在西方出現(xiàn)的中國菜式。故選E。]

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