資源簡(jiǎn)介

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
Grammar——現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法
[先感知]
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre!(外研必三U4)
本次直播地點(diǎn)是地球上最大的博物館之一——盧浮宮!
②These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable.(人教必二U2)
這些大型動(dòng)物被非法捕殺,因?yàn)槿藗冇X(jué)得它們的身體部位很值錢(qián)。
③The telephone isn’t being used now,so you can use it.
電話現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有被使用,所以你可以使用它了。
④Is the date for the next meeting being discussed now
現(xiàn)在正在討論下次會(huì)議的日期嗎
⑤Who is hunting the kangaroos Where are they being hunted (人教必二U2)
誰(shuí)在獵殺袋鼠 它們?cè)谀睦锉猾C殺
[會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)]
句①和句②為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定式
句③為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式
句④為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)式
句⑤為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊疑問(wèn)式
[明規(guī)則]
(一)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定式 be (am/is/are) being done
否定式 be (am/is/are) not being done
一般疑問(wèn)式 Be (am/is/are)(not)+主語(yǔ)+being done
特殊疑問(wèn)式 疑問(wèn)詞+be (am/is/are)(not)+主語(yǔ)+being done
(二)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法
1.表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。句中常有now、at the moment等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
My younger sister is now being interviewed.
我妹妹現(xiàn)在正在接受采訪。
2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作(說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
這些動(dòng)物正以如此速度被捕殺,它們很快就會(huì)消失。
3.表示習(xí)慣性的被動(dòng)行為,常與always、constantly、often等詞連用,有贊賞、羨慕、討厭等感彩。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher.
湯姆總是被老師表?yè)P(yáng)。
4.與某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用,表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯正在做什么嗎
——他病了。他可能正在接受醫(yī)生的檢查。
[名師指津]　
(1)stay、love、have、want、belong to等一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(2)“be+under/in等介詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的含義。
The telephone is in use.=The telephone is being used.電話正在使用中。
[再運(yùn)用]　完成句子
1.I’m working at home today because my office is being painted.
我今天在家工作,因?yàn)槲业霓k公室正在被粉刷。
2.Right now,the deer are being watched over by many volunteers.
現(xiàn)在,許多志愿者正在照看這些鹿。
3.It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being reduced due to the cutting of trees.
據(jù)報(bào)道,由于砍伐樹(shù)木,野生動(dòng)物的生存空間正在縮小。
4.What do you know is being done in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants
你知道你的社區(qū)正在采取什么措施來(lái)保護(hù)動(dòng)植物嗎
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法
[先感知]
①I(mǎi)magine you have been invited by your junior secondary school to give an English speech to the graduating students.(北師必一U3)
想象一下,你的初中學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)你給即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生做一個(gè)英語(yǔ)演講。
②The plan for this weekend has not been made.(人教必三U3)
這周的計(jì)劃還沒(méi)有做。
③Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you (人教必二U3)
Wi-Fi密碼是否已由您確認(rèn)
④How have we been changed by the Internet
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是如何改變我們的
[會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)]
句①為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定式
句②為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式
句③為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般疑問(wèn)式
句④為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊疑問(wèn)式
[明規(guī)則]
(一)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定式 主語(yǔ)+have/has been done
否定式 主語(yǔ)+have/has not been done
一般疑問(wèn)式 Have/Has(not)+主語(yǔ)+been done
特殊疑問(wèn)式 疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+(not)been done
(二)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法
1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)同它的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一樣,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果,通常與already、yet、just、never、recently等副詞連用。
The machine has already been repaired.
機(jī)器已經(jīng)被修好了。
2.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并可能持續(xù)下去,常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或用于“How long... ”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題已被討論了近兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。
How long has this film been shown
這部電影已經(jīng)放映多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了
3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)已完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作業(yè)完成之前你不應(yīng)該離開(kāi)學(xué)校。
[名師指津]　常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
already已經(jīng);yet已經(jīng),尚,還;recently/lately最近;since then從那時(shí)起;ever since自那以來(lái);ever曾經(jīng);so far迄今為止;for a long time很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間;by now到現(xiàn)在為止;in recent years在最近幾年里;in/during/over the past/last years在過(guò)去的幾年里
[再運(yùn)用]　完成句子
1.It is said that the problem has been looked into.
據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)被調(diào)查過(guò)了。
2.People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.(人教必二U3)
人們的生活已經(jīng)被線上社區(qū)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)所改變。
3.Has the button been pressed to copy the file by you
您是否按了復(fù)制文件的按鈕
1.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知
·announcement n.通告;宣告　·announcer n.宣告者;播音員
教材原文　We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again!
我們很高興地宣布,社區(qū)體育中心將很快再次向公眾開(kāi)放!
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①The principal announced to/make an announcement to the students that the school would be closed for a week.
校長(zhǎng)向?qū)W生們宣布學(xué)校將關(guān)閉一周。
②It was announced that the annual sports day would take place next month,exciting everyone.　據(jù)宣布,年度運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于下個(gè)月舉行,令每個(gè)人都感到興奮。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　　　
(1)announce (sth) to sb 向某人宣布(某事)
It is announced that... 據(jù)宣布/通知……
(2)make an announcement to sb 向某人發(fā)表聲明
[名師指津]　若要表達(dá)“向某人宣布某事”時(shí),要用announce sth to sb,類(lèi)似用法的動(dòng)詞還有:suggest,explain,report等。
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子
①An announcement (announce) was made that the amusement park would be closed.
②The manager will announce the results to the team after the meeting concludes.
經(jīng)理將在會(huì)議結(jié)束后向團(tuán)隊(duì)宣布結(jié)果。
③It is announced that the concert has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.
據(jù)通知,音樂(lè)會(huì)因不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的情況已被推遲。
2.replace vt.用……替換;代替,取代;更換,更新　·replacement n.替代品;接替者;替換
教材原文　In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
為了滿足公眾的喜好,我們的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)課程已經(jīng)停開(kāi),取而代之的是一些有趣的課程,包括現(xiàn)代舞。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①I(mǎi)n place of the old manager,a new leader was appointed to guide the team through challenges.
新經(jīng)理被任命以取代舊經(jīng)理,引導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。
②It is essential to replace unhealthy habits with healthier ones for a better lifestyle.
用更健康的習(xí)慣替代不健康的習(xí)慣對(duì)改善生活方式至關(guān)重要。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　
(1)replace sb/sth=take the place of sb/sth 取代某人/某物
replace...with... 用……替換……
(2)in place of sb/sth=in sb’s/sth’s place 取代,代替某人/某物
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯
①I(mǎi)t is difficult to find a new replacement(replace) for this cure.
②The technician will replace the broken part with a new one during the repair process.
③我將代替你們的老師給你們上課。
→I will replace your teacher to give lessons to you.(replace v.)
→I will take the place of your teacher to give lessons to you.(place n.)
④經(jīng)過(guò)一番激烈的討論,我們同意制作一段視頻來(lái)代替相冊(cè)。
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video in place of an album.
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video to take the place of an album.
3.in response to對(duì)……作出反應(yīng);作為對(duì)……的回復(fù)
教材原文　In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
為了滿足公眾的喜好,我們的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)課程已經(jīng)停開(kāi),取而代之的是一些有趣的課程,包括現(xiàn)代舞。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①I(mǎi)n response to the recent events,the organization issued a statement to clarify its position on the matter.
針對(duì)最近的事件,該組織發(fā)表聲明以澄清其立場(chǎng)。
②The teacher made a response to the students’ questions,ensuring everyone understood the topic.　老師對(duì)學(xué)生的問(wèn)題作出了回應(yīng),確保每個(gè)人都理解了主題。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　　
make a response to=respond to... 對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)/回答
make no response (to) (對(duì)……)未作出回應(yīng)
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①She made a response(respond) to my praise with a smile.
②The company made a response/responded to customer feedback by improving their product quality and service.
公司通過(guò)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和服務(wù)來(lái)回應(yīng)客戶(hù)的反饋。
③讓我生氣的是,她沒(méi)有回復(fù)我的信件。
→To my anger,she didn’t respond to my letter.(respond)
→To my anger,she made no response to/didn’t make a response to my letter.(response)
4.句型公式:“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)
教材原文　To be honest though,I don’t know how to make exercise a regular part of my life.
不過(guò),老實(shí)說(shuō),我不知道如何讓鍛煉成為我生活當(dāng)中有規(guī)律的一部分。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①What to do when you feel overwhelmed by stress is a common question among students.
當(dāng)你感到壓力過(guò)大時(shí),該做什么是學(xué)生們常問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。
②Where to find the best resources for studying is essential for academic success.
在哪里找到最佳學(xué)習(xí)資源對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理
句中how to make exercise a regular part of my life為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作賓語(yǔ)。
(1)“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的特殊疑問(wèn)詞主要有when,where,what,which,who及how等連接詞;
(2)“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等,用作賓語(yǔ)的情況比較多,尤其是用在advise,ask,consider,decide,discuss,explain,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell,wonder等動(dòng)詞后面;
(3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞與構(gòu)成不定式的動(dòng)詞之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義;
(4)該結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式;
(5)該結(jié)構(gòu)常常可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的名詞性從句。
運(yùn)用　完成句子
①Knowing how to improve your communication skills can greatly enhance your career prospects.　知道如何提高你的溝通技巧可以大大提升你的職業(yè)前景。
②When to start preparing for exams is crucial for effective time management.
何時(shí)開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備考試對(duì)有效的時(shí)間管理至關(guān)重要。
③Why to choose this particular method for solving the problem is often debated among experts.
專(zhuān)家們常就為什么選擇這種特定的方法來(lái)解決問(wèn)題而展開(kāi)爭(zhēng)論。
[基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)境練]
維度一　基礎(chǔ)題——用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what is being discussed(discuss) now in the secret room.
2.More than 100 famous films have been shown(show) in the city since July.
3.My watch doesn’t work.It is being repaired(repair) in the factory now.
4.It is the first time that the old computer has been checked(check) since I bought it.
5.Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner are being cooked(cook) in the kitchen.
6.This dictionary is being used(use) at the moment,so I can’t lend it to you now.
7.Paper money has been used(use) for over one thousand years.
8.As you can see,many trees are being cut(cut) down by humans now.
9.Many new things have been invented(invent) in the last ten years.
10.To our relief,up to now the injured in the crash have been carried(carry) to the nearby hospital.
維度二　語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作——同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(每小題2分,共10分)
1.At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus is being carried out.
2.Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry!Measures are being taken at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
3.Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is being repaired at the garage.
4.Our English teacher has already praised us for our devotion to reading.
→We have already been praised by our English teacher for our devotion to reading.
5.We have asked some friends of hers to join us.
→Some friends of hers have been asked to join us.
維度三　語(yǔ)法與語(yǔ)篇——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全語(yǔ)段(每小題2分,共10分)
As is known to all,waste 1.has become a more and more serious problem(已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題).
We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them.Many disposable (一次性的) products 2.are being used (正在被使用) in our daily life.Some good food 3.has been seen everywhere (已經(jīng)到處可見(jiàn)) in the garbage can.In the office,some equipment 4.has been operated (已經(jīng)被運(yùn)行) for a long time but remains unused.What’s worse/Moreover,a great deal of paper 5.has been wasted (已經(jīng)被浪費(fèi)了).
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
(2025·鎮(zhèn)江市高一上期末)
There’s more evidence that what’s good for your heart is good for your head.A new study shows that people who run,swim or do other moderate intensity (中等強(qiáng)度) exercise have brains that look,on average,10 years younger than the brains of couch potatoes.
“Our study showed that for older people,getting moderate intensity exercise may be protective,helping them keep their brains work better,” said Dr.Clinton Wright of the University of Miami,who led the study.But it’s not necessarily easy.Walking,golf,bowling and yoga don’t count,and people need to start before they begin showing memory loss,Wright’s team reported in the journal Neurology.
The study of nearly 900 people who exercise regularly showed that 90 percent fell into the low-intensity group.These people are part of a larger group taking part in a bigger study called Northern Manhattan Study.They were asked how long and how often they exercised during the past two weeks.Five years later,they were tested for memory and thinking skills and got a brain MRI (核磁共振).Seven years after that,they took the memory and thinking tests again.The 10 percent who said they took part in moderate intensity exercise scored better on the tests.These included running,climbing,swimming,riding bicycles and so on.
“We found that those with moderate intensity activity had higher scores and slower memory decline (下降) than inactive people when comparing the results,” the study team wrote.
Many studies have shown that exercise may not prevent Alzheimer’s disease but may delay it.The findings fit in with a study that found two years of exercising,eating healthier food and brain training can promote people’s memory function.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中等強(qiáng)度的鍛煉讓人的大腦更年輕。
1.What can we learn from the study
A.High-intensity exercise is better.
B.Ten people scored best on the tests.
C.Only 900 people took part in the bigger study.
D.Most people surveyed took low-intensity exercise.
答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The study of nearly...low-intensity group.”可知,在被調(diào)查的經(jīng)常運(yùn)動(dòng)的900人中,90%的人屬于低強(qiáng)度組,由此可知,被調(diào)查的人中大部分進(jìn)行的是低強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng),故選D項(xiàng)。]
2.How did the study team come to the conclusion
A.By using examples.
B.By doing a brain MRI.
C.By making a comparison.
D.By observing people exercise.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The 10 percent...bicycles and so on.”可知,從事中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)的10%的被研究對(duì)象的得分更高,結(jié)合第四段中的“‘We found that those...results,’the study team wrote.”可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與不活躍的人相比,運(yùn)動(dòng)適當(dāng)?shù)娜说梅指?記憶力下降得更慢,所以,本文中的研究是通過(guò)對(duì)比得出研究的結(jié)論,故選C項(xiàng)。]
3.What do we know from the last paragraph
A.The findings fit in with the study of healthy food.
B.Exercise can put off the beginning of memory decline.
C.Exercise will definitely strengthen people’s memory.
D.Alzheimer’s disease may be held back by exercise.
答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段“Many studies have shown...promote people’s memory function.”可知,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與多項(xiàng)研究表明,運(yùn)動(dòng)不會(huì)阻止阿爾茨海默病的發(fā)生,但可以減緩該疾病的發(fā)生,還可以促進(jìn)人們的記憶功能,故選B項(xiàng)。]
4.What’s the main idea of this passage
A.To exercise or not remains to be seen.
B.How to keep healthy is very important.
C.There are many ways to make your brain work better.
D.Moderate intensity exercise keeps your brain younger.
答案　D　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“A new study shows...of couch potatoes.”并結(jié)合下文對(duì)該項(xiàng)研究的介紹可知,本文介紹的是一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中等強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動(dòng)可以使人的大腦更年輕,故選D項(xiàng)。]
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
(2025·蘇州市高一聯(lián)考期末)
For many years there has been a standing yoga position 1.　　　　　　 has been and continues to be one of my favourite sports.It includes balance,trust and support.Each time I take part 2.　　　　　　 this practice,I feel a deep sense of connection with all those in the group.And it makes me smile.
Instead of 3.　　　　　　 (stand) alone,the class stands in a circle close enough for us to hold hands,with our left palms (手掌) up and right palms down.As a unit,we shift our weight to one foot and pick up 4.　　　　　　 other foot.Then slowly we change the hand position so that we are palm to palm.We raise our 5.　　　　　　 (arm) above our heads,respecting the reach of the person on either side of us.
A gentle sway (搖擺) may start,and soon we realize we have the support of each person in the circle,trusting them 6.　　　　　　 (protect) us from falling.We feel a sense of security,knowing we 7.　　　　　 (support) safely.In time we’re back on our two feet.
8.　　　　　　 (eventual),there is a moment of silence for us to absorb the love and support we have received.We stand strong together in community and it is so much 9.　　　　　　 (good) than standing alone.Above all,all of us feel 10.　　　　 (relax) and happy.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了多年來(lái),站立瑜伽一直是作者最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。
1.that/which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:多年來(lái),站立瑜伽一直是并將繼續(xù)是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。分析句子可知,此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是standing yoga position,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)成分,故填that/which。]
2.in　[考查介詞。句意:每次我參加這個(gè)練習(xí),我都感到與小組中的所有人都有很深的聯(lián)系。分析句子可知,此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take part in“參加”,滿足句意要求,故填in。]
3.standing　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:全班同學(xué)不是單獨(dú)站著,而是圍成一個(gè)圈,讓我們手拉手,左手掌心向上,右手掌心向下。根據(jù)空前介詞of以及提示詞為動(dòng)詞可知,此處為動(dòng)名詞形式,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)Instead of doing“而不是做某事”,故填standing。]
4.the　[考查冠詞。句意:作為一個(gè)整體,我們把重心轉(zhuǎn)移到一只腳上,然后抬起另一只腳。根據(jù)句意以及前面的one foot可知,此處表示“另一只腳”,用the other foot。表示兩者中另外一個(gè),所以空前需接定冠詞the,故填the。]
5.arms　[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:我們把手臂舉過(guò)頭頂,同時(shí)注意放在我們兩邊的人夠得著的地方。根據(jù)句意以及句子的主語(yǔ)We及空格前的our可知,此處為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填arms。]
6.to protect　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:一種輕緩的搖擺可能會(huì)開(kāi)始,很快我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到我們得到了圈子里每個(gè)人的支持,相信她們會(huì)保護(hù)我們不掉下去。分析句子可知,此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)trust sb to do sth“相信某人做某事”,滿足句意要求,所以此處為動(dòng)詞不定式形式,故填to protect。]
7.are supported　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:我們感到一種安全感,知道我們得到了安全的支持。分析句子可知,此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入,we和動(dòng)詞support為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合前面動(dòng)詞feel可知,此處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填are supported。]
8.Eventually　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:最后,我們會(huì)有片刻的沉默來(lái)吸收我們所得到的愛(ài)和支持。分析句子可知,此處為單個(gè)副詞作狀語(yǔ)放在句首修飾整個(gè)句子,且句首首字母大寫(xiě),故填Eventually。]
9.better　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意:我們?cè)趫F(tuán)體中堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地站在一起,這比獨(dú)自一人要好得多。根據(jù)該句中的than可知,此處為形容詞比較級(jí),故填better。]
10.relaxed　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:最重要的是,我們都感到放松和快樂(lè)。根據(jù)句意以及空前feel系動(dòng)詞可知,此處為修飾人的形容詞-ed形式,relaxed“放松的”作表語(yǔ),滿足句意要求,故填relaxed。](共67張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
內(nèi)
容
索
引
語(yǔ)法知識(shí)過(guò)關(guān)
語(yǔ)言知識(shí)精析
課時(shí)精練
語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí) 過(guò) 關(guān)
Grammar——現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法
[先感知]
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre!(外研必三U4)
本次直播地點(diǎn)是地球上最大的博物館之一——盧浮宮!
②These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable.(人教必二U2)
這些大型動(dòng)物被非法捕殺,因?yàn)槿藗冇X(jué)得它們的身體部位很值錢(qián)。
③The telephone isn’t being used now,so you can use it.
電話現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有被使用,所以你可以使用它了。
④Is the date for the next meeting being discussed now
現(xiàn)在正在討論下次會(huì)議的日期嗎
⑤Who is hunting the kangaroos Where are they being hunted
(人教必二U2)
誰(shuí)在獵殺袋鼠 它們?cè)谀睦锉猾C殺
[會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)]
句①和句②為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
句③為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
句④為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
句⑤為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
肯定
否定
一般疑問(wèn)
特殊疑問(wèn)
[明規(guī)則]
(一)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定式 be (am/is/are) being done
否定式 be (am/is/are) not being done
一般疑問(wèn)式 Be (am/is/are)(not)+主語(yǔ)+being done
特殊疑問(wèn)式 疑問(wèn)詞+be (am/is/are)(not)+主語(yǔ)+being done
(二)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法
1.表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。句中常有now、at the moment等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
My younger sister is now being interviewed.
我妹妹現(xiàn)在正在接受采訪。
2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作(說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.這些動(dòng)物正以如此速度被捕殺,它們很快就會(huì)消失。
3.表示習(xí)慣性的被動(dòng)行為,常與always、constantly、often等詞連用,有贊賞、羨慕、討厭等感彩。
Tom is always being praised by the teacher.湯姆總是被老師表?yè)P(yáng)。
4.與某些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用,表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯正在做什么嗎
——他病了。他可能正在接受醫(yī)生的檢查。
[名師指津]　
(1)stay、love、have、want、belong to等一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(2)“be+under/in等介詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的含義。
The telephone is in use.=The telephone is being used.電話正在使用中。
[再運(yùn)用]　完成句子
1.I’m working at home today because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我今天在家工作,因?yàn)槲业霓k公室正在被粉刷。
2.Right now,the deer 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
by many volunteers.
現(xiàn)在,許多志愿者正在照看這些鹿。
my office is being painted
are being watched over
3.It is reported that living spaces for wildlife 　　　　　　　　　　
due to the cutting of trees.
據(jù)報(bào)道,由于砍伐樹(shù)木,野生動(dòng)物的生存空間正在縮小。
4.What do you know 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in your neighbourhood to protect animals and plants
你知道你的社區(qū)正在采取什么措施來(lái)保護(hù)動(dòng)植物嗎
are being reduced
is being done
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法
[先感知]
①I(mǎi)magine you have been invited by your junior secondary school to give an English speech to the graduating students.(北師必一U3)
想象一下,你的初中學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)你給即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生做一個(gè)英語(yǔ)演講。
②The plan for this weekend has not been made.(人教必三U3)
這周的計(jì)劃還沒(méi)有做。
③Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you (人教必二U3)
Wi-Fi密碼是否已由您確認(rèn)
④How have we been changed by the Internet
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是如何改變我們的
[會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)]
句①為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　式
句②為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　式
句③為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
句④為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的　　　　　　式
肯定
否定
一般疑問(wèn)
特殊疑問(wèn)
[明規(guī)則]
(一)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定式 主語(yǔ)+have/has been done
否定式 主語(yǔ)+have/has not been done
一般疑問(wèn)式 Have/Has(not)+主語(yǔ)+been done
特殊疑問(wèn)式 疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+(not)been done
(二)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法
1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)同它的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一樣,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果,通常與already、yet、just、never、recently等副詞連用。
The machine has already been repaired.
機(jī)器已經(jīng)被修好了。
2.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并可能持續(xù)下去,常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或用于“How long... ”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題已被討論了近兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。
How long has this film been shown
這部電影已經(jīng)放映多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了
3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)已完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作業(yè)完成之前你不應(yīng)該離開(kāi)學(xué)校。
[名師指津]　常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):
already已經(jīng);yet已經(jīng),尚,還;recently/lately最近;since then從那時(shí)起;
ever since自那以來(lái);ever曾經(jīng);so far迄今為止;for a long time很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間;by now到現(xiàn)在為止;in recent years在最近幾年里;in/during/over the past/last years在過(guò)去的幾年里
[再運(yùn)用]　完成句子
1.It is said that the problem 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)被調(diào)查過(guò)了。
2.People’s lives 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by online communities and social networks.(人教必二U3)
人們的生活已經(jīng)被線上社區(qū)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)所改變。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to copy the file by you
您是否按了復(fù)制文件的按鈕
has been looked into
have been changed
Has the button been pressed
語(yǔ) 言 知 識(shí) 精 析
1.announce vt.宣布,宣告;通知
·announcement n.通告;宣告　·announcer n.宣告者;播音員
教材原文　We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again!
我們很高興地宣布,社區(qū)體育中心將很快再次向公眾開(kāi)放!
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①The principal announced to/make an announcement to the students that the school would be closed for a week.
校長(zhǎng)向?qū)W生們宣布學(xué)校將關(guān)閉一周。
②It was announced that the annual sports day would take place next month,exciting everyone.
據(jù)宣布,年度運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于下個(gè)月舉行,令每個(gè)人都感到興奮。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　　　
(1)announce (sth) to sb 向某人宣布(某事)
It is announced that... 據(jù)宣布/通知……
(2)make an announcement to sb 向某人發(fā)表聲明
[名師指津]　若要表達(dá)“向某人宣布某事”時(shí),要用announce sth to sb,類(lèi)似用法的動(dòng)詞還有:suggest,explain,report等。
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子
①An 　　　　　　　　(announce) was made that the amusement park would be closed.
②The manager will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
after the meeting concludes. 經(jīng)理將在會(huì)議結(jié)束后向團(tuán)隊(duì)宣布結(jié)果。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the concert has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.
據(jù)通知,音樂(lè)會(huì)因不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的情況已被推遲。
announcement
announce the results to the team
It is announced that
2.replace vt.用……替換;代替,取代;更換,更新　
·replacement n.替代品;接替者;替換
教材原文　In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
為了滿足公眾的喜好,我們的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)課程已經(jīng)停開(kāi),取而代之的是一些有趣的課程,包括現(xiàn)代舞。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①I(mǎi)n place of the old manager,a new leader was appointed to guide the team through challenges.
新經(jīng)理被任命以取代舊經(jīng)理,引導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。
②It is essential to replace unhealthy habits with healthier ones for a better lifestyle.
用更健康的習(xí)慣替代不健康的習(xí)慣對(duì)改善生活方式至關(guān)重要。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　
(1)replace sb/sth=take the place of sb/sth 取代某人/某物
replace...with... 用……替換……
(2)in place of sb/sth=in sb’s/sth’s place 取代,代替某人/某物
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯
①I(mǎi)t is difficult to find a new 　　　　　　(replace) for this cure.
②The technician will replace the broken part 　　　　　　a new one during the repair process.
③我將代替你們的老師給你們上課。
→I will 　　　　　　　　　　　 to give lessons to you.(replace v.)
→I will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to give lessons to you.
(place n.)
replacement
with
replace your teacher
take the place of your teacher
④經(jīng)過(guò)一番激烈的討論,我們同意制作一段視頻來(lái)代替相冊(cè)。
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
in place of an album
to take the place of an album
3.in response to對(duì)……作出反應(yīng);作為對(duì)……的回復(fù)
教材原文　In response to public interest,our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options,including modern dance.
為了滿足公眾的喜好,我們的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)課程已經(jīng)停開(kāi),取而代之的是一些有趣的課程,包括現(xiàn)代舞。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①I(mǎi)n response to the recent events,the organization issued a statement to clarify its position on the matter.
針對(duì)最近的事件,該組織發(fā)表聲明以澄清其立場(chǎng)。
②The teacher made a response to the students’ questions,ensuring everyone understood the topic.
老師對(duì)學(xué)生的問(wèn)題作出了回應(yīng),確保每個(gè)人都理解了主題。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理　　　
make a response to=respond to... 對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)/回答
make no response (to) (對(duì)……)未作出回應(yīng)
運(yùn)用　單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①She made a 　　　　　　(respond) to my praise with a smile.
②The company 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
by improving their product quality and service.
公司通過(guò)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和服務(wù)來(lái)回應(yīng)客戶(hù)的反饋。
③讓我生氣的是,她沒(méi)有回復(fù)我的信件。
→To my anger,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　 my letter.(respond)
→To my anger,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
my letter.(response)
response
made a response/responded to customer feedback
didn’t respond to
made no response to/didn’t make a response to
4.句型公式:“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)
教材原文　To be honest though,I don’t know how to make exercise a regular part of my life.
不過(guò),老實(shí)說(shuō),我不知道如何讓鍛煉成為我生活當(dāng)中有規(guī)律的一部分。
感知　語(yǔ)言先輸入
①What to do when you feel overwhelmed by stress is a common question among students.
當(dāng)你感到壓力過(guò)大時(shí),該做什么是學(xué)生們常問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。
②Where to find the best resources for studying is essential for academic success.
在哪里找到最佳學(xué)習(xí)資源對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要。
記牢　知識(shí)再梳理
句中how to make exercise a regular part of my life為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作賓語(yǔ)。
(1)“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的特殊疑問(wèn)詞主要有when,where,what,which,who及how等連接詞;
(2)“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等,用作賓語(yǔ)的情況比較多,尤其是用在advise,ask,consider,decide,discuss,explain, forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell,wonder等動(dòng)詞后面;
(3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞與構(gòu)成不定式的動(dòng)詞之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義;
(4)該結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式;
(5)該結(jié)構(gòu)常常可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的名詞性從句。
運(yùn)用　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
can greatly enhance your career prospects.
知道如何提高你的溝通技巧可以大大提升你的職業(yè)前景。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is crucial for effective time management.
何時(shí)開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備考試對(duì)有效的時(shí)間管理至關(guān)重要。
Knowing how to improve your communication skills
When to start preparing for exams
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
for solving the problem is often debated among experts.
專(zhuān)家們常就為什么選擇這種特定的方法來(lái)解決問(wèn)題而展開(kāi)爭(zhēng)論。
Why to choose this particular method
課 時(shí) 精 練
基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)境練
素能提升練
[基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)境練]
維度一　基礎(chǔ)題——用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what
(discuss) now in the secret room.
2.More than 100 famous films 　　　　　　　　　　(show) in the city since July.
3.My watch doesn’t work.It 　　　　　　　　　　　　(repair) in the factory now.
is being discussed
have been shown
is being repaired
4.It is the first time that the old computer 　　　　　　　　(check) since I bought it.
5.Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner 　　　　　　　　　(cook) in the kitchen.
6.This dictionary 　　　　　　　　(use) at the moment,so I can’t lend it to you now.
7.Paper money 　　　　　　　　　　(use) for over one thousand years.
has been checked
are being cooked
is being used
has been used
8.As you can see,many trees 　　　　　　　　(cut) down by humans now.
9.Many new things 　　　　　　　　　(invent) in the last ten years.
10.To our relief,up to now the injured in the crash
(carry) to the nearby hospital.
are being cut
have been invented
have been carried
維度二　語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作——同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(每小題2分,共10分)
1.At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus
.
2.Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry!Measures 　　　　　　　　　　　　at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
is being carried out
are being taken
3.Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car
　　　　　　　　　　　　at the garage.
4.Our English teacher has already praised us for our devotion to reading.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by our English teacher for our devotion to reading.
5.We have asked some friends of hers to join us.
→Some friends of hers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to join us.
is being repaired
have already been praised
have been asked
維度三　語(yǔ)法與語(yǔ)篇——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全語(yǔ)段(每小題2分,共10分)
As is known to all,waste 1.　　　　　　 (已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題).
We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them.Many disposable (一次性的) products 2. (正在被使用) in our daily life.Some good food 3. (已經(jīng)到處可見(jiàn)) in the garbage can.In the office, some equipment 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (已經(jīng)被運(yùn)行) for a long time but remains unused.What’s worse/Moreover,a great deal of paper 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 (已經(jīng)被浪費(fèi)了).
has become a more and more
serious problem
are being used
has been seen
everywhere
has been operated
has been wasted
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
(2025·鎮(zhèn)江市高一上期末)
There’s more evidence that what’s good for your heart is good for your head.A new study shows that people who run,swim or do other moderate intensity (中等強(qiáng)度) exercise have brains that look,on average,10 years younger than the brains of couch potatoes.
“Our study showed that for older people,getting moderate intensity exercise may be protective,helping them keep their brains work better,” said Dr.Clinton Wright of the University of Miami,who led the study.But it’s not necessarily easy.Walking,golf,bowling and yoga don’t count,and people need to start before they begin showing memory loss,Wright’s team reported in the journal Neurology.
The study of nearly 900 people who exercise regularly showed that 90 percent fell into the low-intensity group.These people are part of a larger group taking part in a bigger study called Northern Manhattan Study.They were asked how long and how often they exercised during the past two weeks.Five years later,they were tested for memory and thinking skills and got a brain MRI (核磁共振).Seven years after that,they took the memory and thinking tests again.The 10 percent who said they took part in moderate intensity exercise scored better on the tests.These included running,climbing,swimming,riding bicycles and so on.
“We found that those with moderate intensity activity had higher scores and slower memory decline (下降) than inactive people when comparing the results,” the study team wrote.
Many studies have shown that exercise may not prevent Alzheimer’s disease but may delay it.The findings fit in with a study that found two years of exercising,eating healthier food and brain training can promote people’s memory function.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中等強(qiáng)度的鍛煉讓人的大腦更年輕。
1.What can we learn from the study
A.High-intensity exercise is better.
B.Ten people scored best on the tests.
C.Only 900 people took part in the bigger study.
D.Most people surveyed took low-intensity exercise.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The study of nearly...low-intensity group.”可知,在被調(diào)查的經(jīng)常運(yùn)動(dòng)的900人中,90%的人屬于低強(qiáng)度組,由此可知,被調(diào)查的人中大部分進(jìn)行的是低強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng),故選D項(xiàng)。
√
2.How did the study team come to the conclusion
A.By using examples. B.By doing a brain MRI.
C.By making a comparison. D.By observing people exercise.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The 10 percent...bicycles and so on.”可知,從事中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)的10%的被研究對(duì)象的得分更高,結(jié)合第四段中的“‘We found that those...results,’the study team wrote.”可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與不活躍的人相比,運(yùn)動(dòng)適當(dāng)?shù)娜说梅指?記憶力下降得更慢,所以,本文中的研究是通過(guò)對(duì)比得出研究的結(jié)論,故選C項(xiàng)。
√
3.What do we know from the last paragraph
A.The findings fit in with the study of healthy food.
B.Exercise can put off the beginning of memory decline.
C.Exercise will definitely strengthen people’s memory.
D.Alzheimer’s disease may be held back by exercise.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段“Many studies have shown...promote people’s memory function.”可知,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與多項(xiàng)研究表明,運(yùn)動(dòng)不會(huì)阻止阿爾茨海默病的發(fā)生,但可以減緩該疾病的發(fā)生,還可以促進(jìn)人們的記憶功能,故選B項(xiàng)。
√
4.What’s the main idea of this passage
A.To exercise or not remains to be seen.
B.How to keep healthy is very important.
C.There are many ways to make your brain work better.
D.Moderate intensity exercise keeps your brain younger.
解析　主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“A new study shows...of couch potatoes.”并結(jié)合下文對(duì)該項(xiàng)研究的介紹可知,本文介紹的是一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中等強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動(dòng)可以使人的大腦更年輕,故選D項(xiàng)。
√
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
(2025·蘇州市高一聯(lián)考期末)
For many years there has been a standing yoga position 1.______ has been and continues to be one of my favourite sports.It includes balance,trust and support.Each time I take part 2.　　　　　　 this practice,I feel a deep sense of connection with all those in the group.And it makes me smile.
Instead of 3.　　　　　　 (stand) alone,the class stands in a circle close enough for us to hold hands,with our left palms (手掌) up and right palms down.As a unit,we shift our weight to one foot and pick up 4.　　　　　　 other foot.Then slowly we change the hand position so that we are palm to palm.We raise our 5.　　　　　　 (arm) above our heads,respecting the reach of the person on either side of us.
A gentle sway (搖擺) may start,and soon we realize we have the support of each person in the circle,trusting them 6.　　　　 (protect) us from falling.We feel a sense of security,knowing we 7.___________ (support) safely.In time we’re back on our two feet.
8.　　　　　　 (eventual),there is a moment of silence for us to absorb the love and support we have received.We stand strong together in community and it is so much 9.　　　　　　 (good) than standing alone.Above all,all of us feel 10.　　　　 (relax) and happy.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了多年來(lái),站立瑜伽一直是作者最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。
1.that/which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:多年來(lái),站立瑜伽一直是并將繼續(xù)是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。分析句子可知,此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是standing yoga position,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)成分,故填that/which。]
2.in　[考查介詞。句意:每次我參加這個(gè)練習(xí),我都感到與小組中的所有人都有很深的聯(lián)系。分析句子可知,此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take part in“參加”,滿足句意要求,故填in。]
3.standing　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:全班同學(xué)不是單獨(dú)站著,而是圍成一個(gè)圈,讓我們手拉手,左手掌心向上,右手掌心向下。根據(jù)空前介詞of以及提示詞為動(dòng)詞可知,此處為動(dòng)名詞形式,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)Instead of doing“而不是做某事”,故填standing。]
4.the　[考查冠詞。句意:作為一個(gè)整體,我們把重心轉(zhuǎn)移到一只腳上,然后抬起另一只腳。根據(jù)句意以及前面的one foot可知,此處表示“另一只腳”,用the other foot。表示兩者中另外一個(gè),所以空前需接定冠詞the,故填the。]
5.arms　[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:我們把手臂舉過(guò)頭頂,同時(shí)注意放在我們兩邊的人夠得著的地方。根據(jù)句意以及句子的主語(yǔ)We及空格前的our可知,此處為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填arms。]
6.to protect　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:一種輕緩的搖擺可能會(huì)開(kāi)始,很快我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到我們得到了圈子里每個(gè)人的支持,相信她們會(huì)保護(hù)我們不掉下去。分析句子可知,此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)trust sb to do sth“相信某人做某事”,滿足句意要求,所以此處為動(dòng)詞不定式形式,故填to protect。]
7.are supported　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:我們感到一種安全感,知道我們得到了安全的支持。分析句子可知,此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入,we和動(dòng)詞support為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合前面動(dòng)詞feel可知,此處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填are supported。]
8.Eventually　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:最后,我們會(huì)有片刻的沉默來(lái)吸收我們所得到的愛(ài)和支持。分析句子可知,此處為單個(gè)副詞作狀語(yǔ)放在句首修飾整個(gè)句子,且句首首字母大寫(xiě),故填Eventually。]
9.better　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意:我們?cè)趫F(tuán)體中堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地站在一起,這比獨(dú)自一人要好得多。根據(jù)該句中的than可知,此處為形容詞比較級(jí),故填better。]
10.relaxed　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:最重要的是,我們都感到放松和快樂(lè)。根據(jù)句意以及空前feel系動(dòng)詞可知,此處為修飾人的形容詞-ed形式,relaxed“放松的”作表語(yǔ),滿足句意要求,故填relaxed。]

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