資源簡介

Part 1　Reading Comprehension
Step One:Pre reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
The passage is mainly about how a teacher influenced his students.
Step Two:While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.Read Text 1 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Graham’s changes and his gratitude to Mr Jenkins.
Para.2　B.Mr Jenkins’ teaching style.
Para.3　C.How Graham’s schoolwork was before he went into Mr Jenkins’ class.
答案　Para.1 C　Para.2 B　Para.3 A
2.Read Text 2 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Mr Jenkins’ beliefs in teaching.
Para.2　B.Mr Jenkins’ impression of Graham.
Para.3　C.Mr Jenkins’ attitude towards students.
答案　Para.1 B　Para.2 C　Para.3 A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What did Graham love
A.Physics. B.Math.
C.History. D.Science.
2.Graham didn’t behave well because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
A.he was not interested in his lessons
B.he made bad friends after class
C.he disliked his teachers
D.he spent too much time watching movies
3.What is the meaning of the phrase “a willing student”
A.A student who will study.
B.A student who is active in learning.
C.A student who has a strong will.
D.A student who has an interest in everything.
4.How do you understand the quotation “Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”
A.Education should be combined with life.
B.Education is not an end but a means to an end.
C.Education should prepare students for life not only at school but also in later life.
D.Education should be through one’s whole life.
5.How are the two texts mainly organized
A.By giving definition.
B.By giving examples.
C.By the order of time.
D.By comparison.
答案　1.D　2.A　3.B　4.D　5.D
Step Three:Post reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
[學會斷句]　本句是復合句,主句為主系表結構:The only thing is that...,I can remember from school maths是省略關系代詞that的定語從句,修飾先行詞The only thing;系動詞is后是由that引導的表語從句。
嘗試翻譯:我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度!
2.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
[學會斷句]　本句是復合句,主句為主系表結構:The thing is that...,介詞短語about being a teacher 作主句主語The thing的后置定語,系動詞is后是that引導的表語從句,從句中包含when引導的時間狀語從句。
嘗試翻譯:做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks after reading the passage.
Before Graham went to Mr Jenkins’ class,science had simply been a subject 1.that/which was boring and difficult for him.He was even famous for his bad 2.behavio(u)r(behave).Mr Jenkins still remembers the first day Graham went into his class:he 3.was dragging(drag) his schoolbag behind him and looking 4.bored(bore),but as soon as Mr Jenkins set up 5.an experiment,Graham gave 6.his(he) full attention.Graham was a bright student but his problem was that he lacked confidence.It was Mr Jenkins who made him feel that he had his own 7.strengths(strength).Now,Graham is a successful person 8.explaining(explain) science to an audience.From Graham’s example,Mr Jenkins realizes that it is important to find out 9.what each student is good at.He is 10.firmly(firm) convinced that he has chosen a job with a lot of stress but he loves what he does and thinks what he is doing is worthwhile.
[原文呈現] My Teacher
I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school[1],but I often think about him.I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy,especially in maths.The only thing I can remember from school maths [2]is that the angles of a triangle add up to① 180 degrees[3]!But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class,I really became interested in a subject for the first time②.
[1]此處是since引導的時間狀語從句,其對應的主句常用現在完成時。
[2]此處是省略了關系代詞that的定語從句。關系詞如果在從句中作賓語或表語,可以省略。
[3]此處是that引導的表語從句,指代主語The only thing的具體內容。
Before Mr Jenkins taught me,science had simply been a subject full of strange words③ to me.I had no idea what hydrogen was[4],and I didn’t really want to know,either! I found it all so boring and difficult[5].But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting[6].He used to④ explain things which seemed difficult[7] with lots of practical examples and in simple language⑤.One day,he took us outside,and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into⑥ the rocket,and then another student lit⑦ a match to set it off⑧.It was great fun.
[4]此處是what引導的同位語從句,解釋抽象名詞idea的具體內容。
[5]此處是find的復合結構:find+賓語+賓補,賓語是代詞it,賓補是形容詞boring and difficult。理解成“認為這一切都很枯燥也很難”。
[6]此處是make的復合結構,同find的復合結構。make在此是使役動詞,理解成“讓一切變得有趣”。
[7]此處是which引導的定語從句,which也可以換成that。
I know that I wasn’t a willing student⑨,but I wasn’t slow to learn new things.The problem was that I lacked confidence⑩ in myself.Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths .I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme,I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.Sometimes I think,if only I could call him and ask for his opinion[8]!
[8]此處是if only 引導的從句,常用虛擬語氣,表示主觀愿望,意為“要是……就好了”。
[名師圈點]
①add up to 合計達,總計達
②for the first time初次,第一次
③full of strange words滿是奇怪的詞語
④used to過去經常,曾經
⑤in simple language用簡單的語言
⑥pour...into...投入(倒)……于某物
⑦light /laIt/ vt.(lit/lighted,lit/lighted)點燃
⑧set...off 使……爆炸
⑨a willing student一個主動學習的學生
⑩lack /l k/ vt.缺乏
lack confidence 缺乏信心
strength /stre θ/ n.長處,優點(反義詞:weekness);體力;力氣;實力;毅力
be interested in 對……感興趣
presentation / prez n teI n/ n.報告;陳述,說服
give a presentation 做演講,做介紹;做展示
My Student
I’ve read a couple of① Graham’s books and seen him on TV.I always say to my wife,“Oh look,I used to teach him!” I remember Graham was very difficult② before he came into my class.I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.Once I caught him and his friends seeing[1] who could jump the farthest off the school stage[2]! But when he got interested,he changed.The first day he walked into my class,he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored[3],but as soon as I set up an experiment③ to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion[4],he gave me his full attention.He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
[1]catch sb doing sth 意為“發現某人正在做某事”。
[2]off表示“從某處離開”,off the school stage意為“離學校舞臺(多遠的距離)”。
[3]dragging和looking是并列謂語動詞。
[4]此處是how引導的賓語從句,表示show的內容。using acid and an onion為現在分詞短語作方式狀語。
However,I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham[5].I think it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student[6].Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out④ what that is for each student.We teachers should have more time to make friends with⑤ all our students and really understand them.Then we could make sure⑥ that we would find the path to success⑦,both at school and in later life⑧,for all of them.
[5]not與all連用,表示部分否定,意為“并非都是”。
[6]there’s no such thing as...表示“沒有像……這樣的事情”。
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to⑨ children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn[7].If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into⑩ such a successful adult,then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile[8].As John Dewey,the famous educationalist,said,“Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”
[7]此處是that引導的表語從句,從句里包含了when引導的時間狀語從句。
[8]此句是主從復合句,If引導條件狀語從句,其中又包含了what引導的主語從句。
①a couple of 一些,幾個;一雙,一對
②difficult / dIfIk lt/ adj.難相處的;問題很多的
③set up(=conduct/perform)an experiment 做實驗
④find out弄清楚,弄明白
⑤make friends with sb與某人交朋友
⑥make sure 確保
⑦the path to success成功之路
⑧in later life 在以后的生活中
⑨have access to 有機會……
⑩turn...into...把……轉變成……
preparation / prep re n/ n.準備;預備
make preparations for為……做準備
[參考譯文] 我的老師
自從畢業以來我沒有見過詹金斯先生,不過我時常想起他。遇到詹金斯先生以前,大多數科目我都不是很擅長。我想我有點懶惰,特別是在數學方面。我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度!但是在15歲那年,我走進了詹金斯先生的課堂,第一次對一門科目真正產生了興趣。
在上詹金斯先生的課之前,科學課對我來說滿是奇怪的詞語。我不知道氫是什么,而且也不想知道!我覺得這些東西都很枯燥也很難。但詹金斯先生讓一切變得有趣起來。他過去常常用許多實用的例子和簡單的語言來解釋看上去很難的問題。有一天,他把我們帶到戶外,一起制造了一枚火箭!我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進火箭,然后另一名學生點燃了一根火柴發射火箭。這非常有趣。
我知道自己不是一個主動學習的學生,但我學習新事物并不慢,問題是我對自己缺乏信心。 詹金斯先生讓我認識到自己有長處。我對恒星和行星的研究很感興趣,他便讓我給全班同學做了一個展示。這真的是我第一次嘗試向觀眾講解科學知識,現在這成了我的工作!在準備項目時,我常會想如果是詹金斯先生,他會怎么做。有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
我的學生
我讀了幾本格雷厄姆的書,也在電視上看到過他。我總會對妻子說:“喏,看,我曾經教過他!”我記得格雷厄姆來我的班上之前有比較大的問題。我聽說過一些他的不良行為。 有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!但當他對學習產生興趣時,他變了。第一天走進我的班級時,他的書包在身后拖著,一幅百無聊賴的樣子。但當我用酸和洋蔥做個展示人類的胃如何運作的實驗時,他全神貫注。他熱愛科學!他非常聰明,科學課學得非常好。
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。我認為重要的是要知道沒有所謂的好學生或者壞學生?？纯锤窭锥蚰?每個人都有擅長的事,重要的是要弄清楚每個學生擅長的是什么。我們老師應該花更多的時間和所有的學生交朋友,真正了解他們。這樣才能確保我們為他們找到通向成功的道路,不管在學業上還是在以后的生活中。
　　我知道我選擇了一份壓力很大的工作,但我熱愛我的工作。做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子轉變為如此成功的人,那么我知道我做的是值得的。正如著名教育家約翰·杜威所說:“教育不是為生活做準備;教育就是生活本身?！?br/>Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共30分)
A
Students at an elementary school in California,with the help of their art teacher,created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.In just days,the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin,who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg,California,thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calmness to people in these difficult times.“To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says.
Ms.Martin,along with artist Asherah Weiss,worked with students at West Side on a project they called “PepToc”.Actually,they called it “Pep Talk” first.But when Ms.Martin’s 6 year old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”,they decided they liked that even better.
The project had two parts—one was the hotline,and the other was creating encouraging posters.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish.It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.For example,by pressing 3,you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together,“You can do it! Keep trying and don’t give up!” Pressing 4 triggers the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad,frustrated,or nervous”.Helpful suggestions include:“punch your pillow”,or “go get a cookie”.Pressing 2 results in “words of encouragement and life advice”.This includes messages like:“The world is a better place with you in it.” And “You are okay!”
Other students took part in making encouraging posters,which were hung up around the town.Many posters had strips of paper that people passing by could tear off and take with them.For example,one poster said “If you are mad,think of positive thoughts”,and had tear off strips reminding people to “Be happy”.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了加州一所小學的學生在藝術老師馬丁女士的幫助下創建了一條熱線,讓人們可以獲得來自孩子們的樂觀建議以助于緩解情緒。
1.What do we know about the PepToc project
A.The project has not started yet.
B.It got its present name by accident.
C.Its hotline only provides English service.
D.Jessica Martin will answer the hotline calls.
答案　B　[細節理解題。根據第三段中“But when Ms.Martin’s 6 year old...they liked that even better.”可知,PepToc項目現在的名字是偶然得到的,故選B項。]
2.You can press 　　　　to hear kids’ laughter when calling the hotline.
A.1 B.2
C.3 D.4
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據第五段中“Pressing 4 triggers the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.”可知,撥打熱線時,按4可以聽到孩子們的笑聲,故選D項。]
3.What can passers by do with the posters
A.They can add their comments to the posters.
B.They can take away the posters’ strips.
C.They can take photos for posters for free.
D.They can redesign the posters.
答案　B　[細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Many posters had strips of paper that people passing by could tear off and take with them.”可知,路人可以拿走海報的紙條,故選B項。]
4.Who is the hotline possibly targeted at
A.Newborn babies.
B.Relaxed vacationers.
C.Experienced advice providers.
D.Mentally stressed adults.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Students...to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.”及第二段中“Jessica Martin...to bring calmness to people in these difficult times.”及第五段中“It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.”可知,這條熱線電話針對的是精神壓力大的成年人,為他們提供安慰和建議,故選D項。]
B
If you’ve ever been pleasant to a rude customer while waiting tables,or smilingly received a truly ugly sweater as a gift,you’ve participated in a display rule.This is hiding a negative emotion usually to promote harmony between two individuals.However,they can have negative consequences for the person suppressing a negative emotion or opinion.
As daily interactions become increasingly virtual,display rules are changing.A group of researchers from the University of Tokyo in Japan set out to answer the questions of how emojis are used to reflect emotions in different contexts,if the same display rules apply to emojis,and how they affect a person’s well being.
The study observed 1,289 participants who use Simeji,the most downloaded emoji keyboard in Japan,and how the emojis were used to either express an emotion or mask it.The participants answered questions about their subjective well being,and rated how often they use emojis.They were also given messages with different social contexts and asked to respond to them as they would normally,and then rated the intensity of the expression of their emotions.
The study found that texters chose to express more emotions via emoji with people in a private context or with a close friend.The respondents expressed the least amount of emotion with higher status individuals.The most intense expressions of emotion came with matching emojis,unless the respondents felt the need to mask their true feelings,such as using a smiling emoji to mask sadness.Only when negative feelings were very strongly felt did the respondents use a negative emoji.Additionally,using emojis to express emotions was associated with higher subjective well being compared to masking emotions.
The researchers would like to expand this study with a larger and more varied sample,including more males since the Simeji keyboard is more popular among young women and from different cultural backgrounds.
“First,the highly gender imbalanced sample may have led to stronger results.Future research should explore potential gender differences in emoji display rules,” said a researcher.“Second,Japanese culture’s emphasis on interpersonal harmony and concealment (隱瞞) of negative emotions may have influenced the results.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于表情符號使用與情感表達的研究。研究探討了在不同社交情境下,人們如何使用表情符號來反映或隱藏情緒,以及這種行為如何影響個人的幸福感。
5.Why do people apply display rules
A.To keep the peace.
B.To make more friends.
C.To avoid being hurt.
D.To create a good impression.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第一段“This is hiding a negative emotion usually to promote harmony between two individuals.”可知,人們應用展示規則是為了保持和諧,即維持和平,故選A項。]
6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The research findings.
B.The research process.
C.The research subjects.
D.The research purpose.
答案　B　[段落大意題。第三段主要講述了研究的觀察對象、參與者回答的問題、評級的內容等,詳細介紹了研究的過程,故選B項。]
7.What did the study find about the participants’ use of emojis
A.It was influenced by different contexts.
B.It promoted interpersonal relationships.
C.It improved their subjective well being.
D.It was a way of masking their true feelings.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第四段“The study found that texters chose...with higher status individuals.”可知,參與者使用表情符號受到不同情境的影響,故選A項。]
8.Why do the researchers want to expand the study
A.To make it known to more people.
B.To achieve more convincing results.
C.To benefit people from different cultures.
D.To explore gender differences in emoji use.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知,研究人員想要擴大研究是因為當前研究存在樣本性別不平衡、背景文化單一等問題,可能導致結果不夠準確,因此擴大研究是為了獲得更有說服力的結果,故選B項。]
C
There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees;another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing.The relationship can be similar to friendship.However,the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics include a hierarchy (等級) of responsibilities and unconditional love,which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.
Marina,27 years old,said,“I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend.Best friends don’t pay for your wedding.Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common,which increases the likelihood of shared companionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers,responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology,which may bring them even closer together.
Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends,but for better or worse,the mother and daughter relationship is permanent,even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking.Sometimes this is not an equal relationship.Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well being.But mothers never stop being mothers,which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness.The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.Mothers always “trump (勝過)”friends.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了作者對母女關系的看法以及作者認為母女關系與友誼的不同之處。
9.What can we learn from what Marina said
A.Best friends will not spend money on her wedding.
B.Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life.
C.Her mother is wiser on account of her age.
D.Her mother is anything but her best friend.
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據第二段中“Marina,27 years old,said,‘I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend...20 years longer than you.’”可知,瑪麗娜認為母親絕非最好的朋友,故選D項。]
10.Why can a mother and a daughter build a closer relationship
A.Because they share advanced technology with each other.
B.Because they work together to support the whole family.
C.Because they experience the same values and traditions.
D.Because they have common experience in life and work.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience...bring them even closer together.”可推知,母親和女兒可以建立更親密的關系是因為她們在生活和工作中有共同經驗,故選D項。]
11.What do we know from the text
A.The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.
B.A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.
C.Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.
D.The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friendship.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.Mothers always ‘trump(勝過)’ friends.”可推知,母女關系不同于朋友關系但超越朋友關系,故選D項。]
12.What is the text mainly about
A.How to build a good mother and daughter relationship.
B.A mother daughter relationship is irreplaceable.
C.Mothers want to be daughters’ friends.
D.A daughter is a mother’s best friend.
答案　B　[主旨大意題。文章主要討論了女兒和母親之間親密又特別的關系。雖然母親永遠無法和女兒成為最親近的朋友,但她們之間的關系無可替代,故選B項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
How do you respond when someone else sets a boundary You might hear the word “boundaries” and imagine walls that separate you from other people.In a sense,that’s true.But boundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing.In fact,they’re an important ingredient in healthy and balanced relationships.　1　
You’re not the only one who can set boundaries.　2　 Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or “put in your place”.
You may notice some negative emotions rushing to the surface as you try to immediately defend your actions.Keep in mind that you are not losing anything but gaining knowledge of what makes the person in your life feel safe and happy.
　3　 If you’re feeling upset,deep,slow breathing can calm your nervous system’s “fight or flight” response.This makes it easier for you to receive information rather than prepare for an argument.
Remember that you both have your own way of processing and feeling emotions.Try not to assume what your partner needs before they say it out loud.　4　
Apologize when necessary.You’re only human,and we all make mistakes.Maybe you accidentally overstepped a boundary by making an offensive joke or oversharing when you’ve been asked not to.　5　 Ask for clarity if you feel you need it.
By learning to accept and acknowledge other people’s boundaries,you can start to think about how you can improve your own connections with others.Ultimately,effective boundaries can leave you both feeling empowered and result in a healthier,more satisfying relationship.
A.Take time to breathe and listen.
B.When someone voices a restriction,you might feel a sense of shame or frustration.
C.Allow them space to voice their needs and wants.
D.When someone reaffirms the boundary,be humble enough to apologize for your mistake.
E.You’ll need to adjust it as circumstances change and relationships grow.
F.They’re also a crucial part of maintaining mental health and physical well being.
G.Learning how to set and maintain boundaries can change many aspects of your life.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了界限在人際關系中的重要性以及如何應對他人的界限。
1.F　[本句為本段最后一句,對上文進行補充說明,繼續解釋界限的重要意義。F選項“它們也是保持身心健康的重要組成部分”符合語境,故選F項。]
2.B　[根據上文“You’re not the only one who can set boundaries.”以及后文“Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or ‘put in your place’”可知,后文提到覺得自己被責罵了,推測本句是在說明對于界限的負面感受。B選項“當有人提出限制時,你可能會感到羞恥或沮喪”符合語境,故選B項。]
3.A　[后文提到了深呼吸以及接收信息,A選項“花點時間深呼吸和傾聽”符合語境,其中breathe對應后文“deep,slow breathing”。故選A項。]
4.C　[上文提到不要去猜測伴侶需要什么,說明建議讓對方自我表達需求,C選項“給他們表達需求的空間”符合語境,故選C項。]
5.D　[上文提到了不小心越界,推測本句是在說明越界時的應對方法。D選項“當有人重申界限時,要謙虛地為你的錯誤道歉”符合語境,故選D項。](共76張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1
Part 1　Reading Comprehension
文本整體理解
內
容
索
引
語篇助解釋疑
課時測評作業
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The passage is mainly about how a teacher influenced his students.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.Read Text 1 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Graham’s changes and his gratitude to Mr Jenkins.
Para.2　B.Mr Jenkins’ teaching style.
Para.3　C.How Graham’s schoolwork was before he went into Mr
Jenkins’ class.
答案　Para.1 C　Para.2 B　Para.3 A
2.Read Text 2 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Mr Jenkins’ beliefs in teaching.
Para.2　B.Mr Jenkins’ impression of Graham.
Para.3　C.Mr Jenkins’ attitude towards students.
答案　Para.1 B　Para.2 C　Para.3 A
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
good
lazy
maths
confidence
interesting
difficult
simple
encouraged
strengths
interested
difficult
attention
loved
bright
science
friends
understand
access
preparation
life
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What did Graham love
A.Physics. B.Math.
C.History. D.Science.
√
2.Graham didn’t behave well because 　　　　　.
A.he was not interested in his lessons
B.he made bad friends after class
C.he disliked his teachers
D.he spent too much time watching movies
√
3.What is the meaning of the phrase “a willing student”
A.A student who will study.
B.A student who is active in learning.
C.A student who has a strong will.
D.A student who has an interest in everything.
√
4.How do you understand the quotation “Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”
A.Education should be combined with life.
B.Education is not an end but a means to an end.
C.Education should prepare students for life not only at school but also in later life.
D.Education should be through one’s whole life.
√
5.How are the two texts mainly organized
A.By giving definition.
B.By giving examples.
C.By the order of time.
D.By comparison.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
[學會斷句]　本句是復合句,主句為主系表結構:The only thing is that...,I can remember from school maths是省略關系代詞_________
的定語從句,修飾先行詞　　　　　　　　;系動詞is后是由________
引導的表語從句。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
that
The only thing
that
我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度!
2.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
[學會斷句]　本句是復合句,主句為主系表結構:The thing is that...,介詞短語about being a teacher 作主句主語　　　　　　的后置定語,系動詞is后是　　　　引導的表語從句,從句中包含　　　　　引導的時間狀語從句。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The thing
that
when
做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks after reading the passage.
Before Graham went to Mr Jenkins’ class,science had simply been a subject 1.　　　　　　　　　 was boring and difficult for him.He was even famous for his bad 2.　　　　　　(behave).Mr Jenkins still remembers the first day Graham went into his class:he
3.　　　　　　　　　　(drag) his schoolbag behind him and looking 4.　　　　　　(bore),but as soon as Mr Jenkins set up 5.
that/which
behavio(u)r
was dragging
bored
an
experiment,Graham gave 6.　　　　　　(he) full attention.Graham was a bright student but his problem was that he lacked confidence.It was Mr Jenkins who made him feel that he had his own 7.　　　　　　　　　 (strength). Now,Graham is a successful person 8.　　　　　　(explain) science to an audience.From Graham’s example,Mr Jenkins realizes that it is important to find out
9.　　　　　　　 each student is good at.He is 10.　　　　　　(firm) convinced that he has chosen a job with a lot of stress but he loves what he does and thinks what he is doing is worthwhile.
his
strengths
explaining
what
firmly
語 篇 助 解 釋 疑
My Teacher
I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school[1],but I often think about him.I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy,especially in maths.The only thing I can remember from school maths [2]is that the angles of a triangle add up to① 180 degrees[3]!But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class,I really became interested in a subject for the first time②.
[原文呈現]
[1]此處是since引導的時間狀語從句,其對應的主句常用現在完成時。
[2]此處是省略了關系代詞that的定語從句。關系詞如果在從句中作賓語或表語,可以省略。
[3]此處是that引導的表語從句,指代主語The only thing的具體內容。
Before Mr Jenkins taught me,science had simply been a subject full of strange words③ to me.I had no idea what hydrogen was[4],and I didn’t really want to know,either! I found it all so boring and difficult[5].But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting[6].He used to④ explain things which seemed difficult[7] with lots of practical examples and in simple language⑤.One day,he took us outside,and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into⑥ the rocket,and then another student lit⑦ a match to set it off⑧.It was great fun.
[4]此處是what引導的同位語從句,解釋抽象名詞idea的具體內容。
[5]此處是find的復合結構:find+賓語+賓補,賓語是代詞it,賓補是形容詞boring and difficult。理解成“認為這一切都很枯燥也很難”。
[6]此處是make的復合結構,同find的復合結構。make在此是使役動詞,理解成“讓一切變得有趣”。
[7]此處是which引導的定語從句,which也可以換成that。
I know that I wasn’t a willing student⑨,but I wasn’t slow to learn new things.The problem was that I lacked confidence⑩ in myself.Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths .I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme,I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.Sometimes I think,if only I could call him and ask for his opinion[8]!
[8]此處是if only 引導的從句,常用虛擬語氣,表示主觀愿望,意為“要是……就好了”。
[名師圈點]
①add up to 合計達,總計達
②for the first time初次,第一次
③full of strange words滿是奇怪的詞語
④used to過去經常,曾經
⑤in simple language用簡單的語言
⑥pour...into...投入(倒)……于某物
⑦light /laIt/ vt.(lit/lighted,lit/lighted)點燃
⑧set...off 使……爆炸
⑨a willing student一個主動學習的學生
⑩lack /l k/ vt.缺乏
lack confidence 缺乏信心
strength /stre θ/ n.長處,優點(反義詞:weekness);
體力;力氣;實力;毅力
be interested in 對……感興趣
presentation / prez n teI n/ n.報告;陳述,說服
give a presentation 做演講,做介紹;做展示
My Student
I’ve read a couple of① Graham’s books and seen him on TV.I always say to my wife,“Oh look,I used to teach him!” I remember Graham was very difficult② before he came into my class.I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.Once I caught him and his friends seeing[1] who could jump the farthest off the school stage[2]! But when he got interested,he changed.The first day he walked into my class,he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored[3],but as soon as I set up an experiment③ to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion[4],he gave me his full attention.He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
[1]catch sb doing sth 意為“發現某人正在做某事”。
[2]off表示“從某處離開”,off the school stage意為“離學校舞臺(多遠的距離)”。
[3]dragging和looking是并列謂語動詞。
[4]此處是how引導的賓語從句,表示show的內容。using acid and an onion為現在分詞短語作方式狀語。
However,I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham[5].I think it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student[6].Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out④ what that is for each student.We teachers should have more time to make friends with⑤ all our students and really understand them.Then we could make sure⑥ that we would find the path to success⑦,both at school and in later life⑧,for all of them.
[5]not與all連用,表示部分否定,意為“并非都是”。
[6]there’s no such thing as...表示“沒有像……這樣的事情”。
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to⑨ children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn[7].If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into⑩ such a successful adult,then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile[8].As John Dewey,the famous educationalist,said,“Education is not preparation for life;education is life itself.”
[7]此處是that引導的表語從句,從句里包含了when引導的時間狀語從句。
[8]此句是主從復合句,If引導條件狀語從句,其中又包含了what引導的主語從句。
①a couple of 一些,幾個;一雙,一對
②difficult / dIfIk lt/ adj.難相處的;問題很多的
③set up(=conduct/perform)an experiment 做實驗
④find out弄清楚,弄明白
⑤make friends with sb與某人交朋友
⑥make sure 確保
⑦the path to success成功之路
⑧in later life 在以后的生活中
⑨have access to 有機會……
⑩turn...into...把……轉變成……
preparation / prep re n/ n.準備;預備
make preparations for為……做準備
[參考譯文]
我的老師
自從畢業以來我沒有見過詹金斯先生,不過我時常想起他。遇到詹金斯先生以前,大多數科目我都不是很擅長。我想我有點懶惰,特別是在數學方面。我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度!但是在15歲那年,我走進了詹金斯先生的課堂,第一次對一門科目真正產生了興趣。
在上詹金斯先生的課之前,科學課對我來說滿是奇怪的詞語。我不知道氫是什么,而且也不想知道!我覺得這些東西都很枯燥也很難。但詹金斯先生讓一切變得有趣起來。他過去常常用許多實用的例子和簡單的語言來解釋看上去很難的問題。有一天,他把我們帶到戶外,一起制造了一枚火箭!我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進火箭,然后另一名學生點燃了一根火柴發射火箭。這非常有趣。
我知道自己不是一個主動學習的學生,但我學習新事物并不慢,問題是我對自己缺乏信心。 詹金斯先生讓我認識到自己有長處。我對恒星和行星的研究很感興趣,他便讓我給全班同學做了一個展示。這真的是我第一次嘗試向觀眾講解科學知識,現在這成了我的工作!在準備項目時,我常會想如果是詹金斯先生,他會怎么做。有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
我的學生
我讀了幾本格雷厄姆的書,也在電視上看到過他。我總會對妻子說:“喏,看,我曾經教過他!”我記得格雷厄姆來我的班上之前有比較大的問題。我聽說過一些他的不良行為。 有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!但當他對學習產生興趣時,他變了。第一天走進我的班級時,他的書包在身后拖著,一幅百無聊賴的樣子。但當我用酸和洋蔥做個展示人類的胃如何運作的實驗時,他全神貫注。他熱愛科學!他非常聰明,科學課學得非常好。
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。我認為重要的是要知道沒有所謂的好學生或者壞學生。看看格雷厄姆!每個人都有擅長的事,重要的是要弄清楚每個學生擅長的是什么。我們老師應該花更多的時間和所有的學生交朋友,真正了解他們。這樣才能確保我們為他們找到通向成功的道路,不管在學業上還是在以后的生活中。
　　我知道我選擇了一份壓力很大的工作,但我熱愛我的工作。做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子轉變為如此成功的人,那么我知道我做的是值得的。正如著名教育家約翰·杜威所說:“教育不是為生活做準備;教育就是生活本身?！?br/>課 時 測 評 作 業
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共30分)
A
Students at an elementary school in California,with the help of their art teacher,created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.In just days,the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin,who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg,California,thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calmness to people in these difficult times.“To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says.
Ms.Martin,along with artist Asherah Weiss,worked with students at West Side on a project they called “PepToc”.Actually,they called it “Pep Talk” first.But when Ms.Martin’s 6 year old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”,they decided they liked that even better.
The project had two parts—one was the hotline,and the other was creating encouraging posters.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish.It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. For example,by pressing 3,you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together,“You can do it! Keep trying and don’t give up!” Pressing 4 triggers the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad,frustrated,or nervous”.Helpful suggestions include:“punch your pillow”,or “go get a cookie”.Pressing 2 results in “words of encouragement and life advice”.This includes messages like:“The world is a better place with you in it.” And “You are okay!”
Other students took part in making encouraging posters,which were hung up around the town.Many posters had strips of paper that people passing by could tear off and take with them.For example,one poster said “If you are mad,think of positive thoughts”,and had tear off strips reminding people to “Be happy”.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了加州一所小學的學生在藝術老師馬丁女士的幫助下創建了一條熱線,讓人們可以獲得來自孩子們的樂觀建議以助于緩解情緒。
1.What do we know about the PepToc project
A.The project has not started yet.
B.It got its present name by accident.
C.Its hotline only provides English service.
D.Jessica Martin will answer the hotline calls.
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中“But when Ms.Martin’s 6-year-old...they liked that even better.”可知,PepToc項目現在的名字是偶然得到的,故選B項。
√
2.You can press 　　　　to hear kids’ laughter when calling the hotline.
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4
解析　細節理解題。根據第五段中“Pressing 4 triggers the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.”可知,撥打熱線時,按4可以聽到孩子們的笑聲,故選D項。
√
3.What can passers-by do with the posters
A.They can add their comments to the posters.
B.They can take away the posters’ strips.
C.They can take photos for posters for free.
D.They can redesign the posters.
解析　細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Many posters had strips of paper that people passing by could tear off and take with them.”可知,路人可以拿走海報的紙條,故選B項。
√
4.Who is the hotline possibly targeted at
A.Newborn babies. B.Relaxed vacationers.
C.Experienced advice providers. D.Mentally stressed adults.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Students...to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.”及第二段中“Jessica Martin...to bring calmness to people in these difficult times.”及第五段中“It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.”可知,這條熱線電話針對的是精神壓力大的成年人,為他們提供安慰和建議,故選D項。
√
B
If you’ve ever been pleasant to a rude customer while waiting tables,or smilingly received a truly ugly sweater as a gift,you’ve participated in a display rule.This is hiding a negative emotion usually to promote harmony between two individuals.However,they can have negative consequences for the person suppressing a negative emotion or opinion.
As daily interactions become increasingly virtual,display rules are changing.A group of researchers from the University of Tokyo in Japan set out to answer the questions of how emojis are used to reflect emotions in different contexts,if the same display rules apply to emojis,and how they affect a person’s well-being.
The study observed 1,289 participants who use Simeji,the most-downloaded emoji keyboard in Japan,and how the emojis were used to either express an emotion or mask it.The participants answered questions about their subjective well-being,and rated how often they use emojis.They were also given messages with different social contexts and asked to respond to them as they would normally,and then rated the intensity of the expression of their emotions.
The study found that texters chose to express more emotions via emoji with people in a private context or with a close friend.The respondents expressed the least amount of emotion with higher-status individuals.The most intense expressions of emotion came with matching emojis,unless the respondents felt the need to mask their true feelings,such as using a smiling emoji to mask sadness.Only when negative feelings were very strongly felt did the respondents use a negative emoji.Additionally,using emojis to express emotions was associated with higher subjective well-being compared to masking emotions.
The researchers would like to expand this study with a larger and more varied sample,including more males since the Simeji keyboard is more popular among young women and from different cultural backgrounds.
“First,the highly gender-imbalanced sample may have led to stronger results.Future research should explore potential gender differences in emoji display rules,” said a researcher.“Second, Japanese culture’s emphasis on interpersonal harmony and concealment (隱瞞) of negative emotions may have influenced the results.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于表情符號使用與情感表達的研究。研究探討了在不同社交情境下,人們如何使用表情符號來反映或隱藏情緒,以及這種行為如何影響個人的幸福感。
5.Why do people apply display rules
A.To keep the peace.
B.To make more friends.
C.To avoid being hurt.
D.To create a good impression.
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段“This is hiding a negative emotion usually to promote harmony between two individuals.”可知,人們應用展示規則是為了保持和諧,即維持和平,故選A項。
√
6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The research findings.
B.The research process.
C.The research subjects.
D.The research purpose.
解析　段落大意題。第三段主要講述了研究的觀察對象、參與者回答的問題、評級的內容等,詳細介紹了研究的過程,故選B項。
√
7.What did the study find about the participants’ use of emojis
A.It was influenced by different contexts.
B.It promoted interpersonal relationships.
C.It improved their subjective well-being.
D.It was a way of masking their true feelings.
解析　細節理解題。根據第四段“The study found that texters chose...with higher-status individuals.”可知,參與者使用表情符號受到不同情境的影響,故選A項。
√
8.Why do the researchers want to expand the study
A.To make it known to more people.
B.To achieve more convincing results.
C.To benefit people from different cultures.
D.To explore gender differences in emoji use.
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知,研究人員想要擴大研究是因為當前研究存在樣本性別不平衡、背景文化單一等問題,可能導致結果不夠準確,因此擴大研究是為了獲得更有說服力的結果,故選B項。
√
C
There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees;another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing.The relationship can be similar to friendship.However,the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics include a hierarchy (等級) of responsibilities and unconditional love,which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.
Marina,27 years old,said,“I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend.Best friends don’t pay for your wedding.Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.This generation of mothers and adult daughters
has a lot in common,which increases the likelihood of shared companionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers,responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology,which may bring them even closer together.
Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends,but for better or worse,the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking.Sometimes this is not an equal relationship.Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being.But mothers never stop being mothers,which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness.The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.Mothers always “trump (勝過)”friends.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了作者對母女關系的看法以及作者認為母女關系與友誼的不同之處。
9.What can we learn from what Marina said
A.Best friends will not spend money on her wedding.
B.Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life.
C.Her mother is wiser on account of her age.
D.Her mother is anything but her best friend.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中“Marina,27 years old,said,‘I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend...20 years longer than you.’”可知,瑪麗娜認為母親絕非最好的朋友,故選D項。
√
10.Why can a mother and a daughter build a closer relationship
A.Because they share advanced technology with each other.
B.Because they work together to support the whole family.
C.Because they experience the same values and traditions.
D.Because they have common experience in life and work.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience...bring them even closer together.”可推知,母親和女兒可以建立更親密的關系是因為她們在生活和工作中有共同經驗,故選D項。
√
11.What do we know from the text
A.The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.
B.A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.
C.Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.
D.The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friendship.
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always ‘trump(勝過)’ friends.”可推知,母女關系不同于朋友關系但超越朋友關系,故選D項。
√
12.What is the text mainly about
A.How to build a good mother and daughter relationship.
B.A mother-daughter relationship is irreplaceable.
C.Mothers want to be daughters’ friends.
D.A daughter is a mother’s best friend.
解析　主旨大意題。文章主要討論了女兒和母親之間親密又特別的關系。雖然母親永遠無法和女兒成為最親近的朋友,但她們之間的關系無可替代,故選B項。
√
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
How do you respond when someone else sets a boundary You might hear the word “boundaries” and imagine walls that separate you from other people.In a sense,that’s true.But boundaries aren’t necessarily a bad thing.In fact,they’re an important ingredient in healthy and balanced relationships.　1　
You’re not the only one who can set boundaries.　2　 Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or “put in your place”.
You may notice some negative emotions rushing to the surface as you try to immediately defend your actions.Keep in mind that you are not losing anything but gaining knowledge of what makes the person in your life feel safe and happy.
　3　 If you’re feeling upset,deep,slow breathing can calm your nervous system’s “fight or flight” response.This makes it easier for you to receive information rather than prepare for an argument.
Remember that you both have your own way of processing and feeling emotions.Try not to assume what your partner needs before they say it out loud.　4　
Apologize when necessary.You’re only human,and we all make mistakes.Maybe you accidentally overstepped a boundary by making an offensive joke or oversharing when you’ve been asked not to.　5　 Ask for clarity if you feel you need it.
By learning to accept and acknowledge other people’s boundaries,you can start to think about how you can improve your own connections with others.Ultimately,effective boundaries can leave you both feeling empowered and result in a healthier,more satisfying relationship.
A.Take time to breathe and listen.
B.When someone voices a restriction,you might feel a sense of shame or frustration.
C.Allow them space to voice their needs and wants.
D.When someone reaffirms the boundary,be humble enough to apologize for your mistake.
E.You’ll need to adjust it as circumstances change and relationships grow.
F.They’re also a crucial part of maintaining mental health and physical well-being.
G.Learning how to set and maintain boundaries can change many aspects of your life.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了界限在人際關系中的重要性以及如何應對他人的界限。
1.F　[本句為本段最后一句,對上文進行補充說明,繼續解釋界限的重要意義。F選項“它們也是保持身心健康的重要組成部分”符合語境,故選F項。]
2.B　[根據上文“You’re not the only one who can set boundaries.”以及后文“Perhaps you feel like you’re being scolded or ‘put in your place’”可知,后文提到覺得自己被責罵了,推測本句是在說明對于界限的負面感受。B選項“當有人提出限制時,你可能會感到羞恥或沮喪”符合語境,故選B項。]
3.A　[后文提到了深呼吸以及接收信息,A選項“花點時間深呼吸和傾聽”符合語境,其中breathe對應后文“deep,slow breathing”。故選A項。]
4.C　[上文提到不要去猜測伴侶需要什么,說明建議讓對方自我表達需求,C選項“給他們表達需求的空間”符合語境,故選C項。]
5.D　[上文提到了不小心越界,推測本句是在說明越界時的應對方法。D選項“當有人重申界限時,要謙虛地為你的錯誤道歉”符合語境,故選D項。]
Thanks！
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束Part 2　Language Points
(Topic Talk & Lesson 1 & Lesson 2)
[核心單詞·練通]
1.pour /p / vt.灌,注,倒
2.lack /l k/ vt.缺乏
3.behaviour /bI heIvj / n.行為,舉止
4.drag /dr ɡ/ vt.拖,拉
5.worthwhile / w θ waIl/ adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
[拓展單詞·用活]
1.practical / pr ktIk l/ adj.實際的;實踐的;切實可行的→practice n.& v.練習→practically adv.實際地;切實可行地
2.presentation / prez n teI n/ n.報告;陳述,說明→present vt.授予;呈現 n.禮物
3.access / kses/ n.進入;接觸的機會→
accessible adj.易接近的;可達到的;易取得的
4.educationalist / edj keI n lIst/ n.教育(學)家→educate vt.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有教育意義的
[閱讀單詞·識記]
1.angle / ɡ l/ n.角
2.triangle / traI ɡ l/ n.三角形
3.rocket / r kIt/ n.火箭
4.fuel / fju l/ n.燃料
5.hydrogen / haIdr d n/ n.氫
6.acid / sId/ n.酸
7.onion / nj n/ n.洋蔥
[重點短語·再現]
1.used to 過去經常,曾經
2.add up to 合計達,總計達
3.set off (使)爆炸;引發(爆炸);出發
4.set up 建立;安排;策劃;引發;產生
5.make sure 確保
6.have access to 有……的機會;可以進入/接近……
7.for the first time 初次,第一次
8.pour into 投入(倒)……于某物
9.a couple of 一些,幾個;一雙,一對
10.make friends with 和……交朋友
[典型句式·默背]
根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子
1.[句型公式]　It is clear that...
[教材原句]　It’s clear that your mother loves you very much!
顯然,你的媽媽是非常愛你的!
2.[句型公式]　強調謂語動詞
[教材原句]　But I do understand my teacher’s intention.　不過,我確實理解老師的意圖。
3.[句型公式]　find+賓語+賓補
[教材原句]　I found it all so boring and difficult.　我覺得這些東西都很枯燥也很難。
4.[句型公式]　 if only引導虛擬條件句
[教材原句]　Sometimes I think,if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
5.[句型公式]　catch+賓語+賓補
[教材原句]　Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!
6.[句型公式]　not...all表示部分否定
[教材原句]　However,I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
核心單詞練透
1.passionate adj.熱愛的,酷愛的;具有強烈信念的
教材原文　kind,loving and passionate善良,有愛心,充滿激情
感知　語言先輸入
①Most people who become teachers do so because they’re passionate about kids.
②I do have a passion for learning about these things and finding what works for me and my family.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be passionate about sth　 對某事有熱情
(2)passion n. 熱情;熱戀;強烈的情感
have a passion for... 對……有熱情
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①His niece has a passion for classical music and often goes to the classical concert.
②I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis competition because I’m really passionate about tennis.(申請信)
我想要成為這次國際網球比賽的志愿者,因為我真的酷愛網球。
③What impressed me most was the Culture Night,which provoked my passion for further understanding of Irish and culture legacy. (2022·浙江1月卷)
給我印象最深的是“文化之夜”,它激發了我進一步了解愛爾蘭語和文化遺產的熱情。
2.pour vt.灌,注,倒 vi.下大雨
教材原文　I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket,and then another student lit a match to set it off.
我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進火箭,然后另一名學生點燃了一根火柴發射火箭。
感知　語言先輸入
①The eggs were put on a plate and the coffee was poured into a cup.
②I was in the kitchen pouring out drinks at that time.
③He broke down at the news,tears pouring down his cheeks.(情緒描寫)
記牢　知識再梳理
pour...into...　　　 把……倒進/注入……
pour out 涌出;倒出;表露無遺
pour down 流下;傾瀉
運用　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Washing the teapots,adding tea leaves,and pouring water into the cups,they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture.(動作鏈,傳統文化)
②外面下著瓢潑大雨。
→It’s pouring outside.
→The rain is pouring down outside.
→It’s pouring with rain outside.
3.lack vt.& n.缺乏
教材原文　The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.　問題是我對自己缺乏信心。
感知　語言先輸入
①More and more high rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
②We rushed around the station,but lack of options only added to my anxiety.(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
③Though Jack was lacking in experience,he made up for it with great enthusiasm.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)for lack of　　　　 因缺乏……
(a) lack of 缺乏……
(2)lack (for) sth 缺少……
(3)lacking adj. 短缺的;缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①My nephew is extremely lacking(lack) in confidence,so he can’t serve as the host for the English Evening.
②For lack of a sense of humour and passion,Mrs Grace felt nervous for the coming party in her new company.
③Health problems are closely connected with poor eating habits and (a) lack of exercise.Many people end up being physically unhealthy for lack of attention to both these aspects.　健康問題與不良的飲食習慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關。許多人由于缺乏對這兩方面的關注,最終變得身體不健康。
4.access n.進入;接觸的機會
教材原文　The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。
感知　語言先輸入
①The activity offered us a chance to have access to various books and aroused our interest in reading.(活動介紹)
②Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations,giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.(中國交通,2024·全國甲卷)
③The citizens are accessible to the library for free.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have/get/obtain/gain access to...
擁有……的機會;可以接近;進入
give access to準許進入(接近)
(2)accessible adj.可接近的;可進入的;可使用的
be accessible to...可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的(注意,這時,這個短語的主語是表示人的詞語)
[名師指津]　同動詞構成短語時,access前通常不加冠詞,且access短語中的to是介詞。
運用　單句語法填空/詞匯升級/完成句子
①Our school stadium is accessible(access) to us students,and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise.
②Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water.
③Every student has a chance to be admitted to a key university.
→Every student has/gains/gets access to a key university.
④In the self study room,you can access/get access to/be accessible to free Wi Fi,making it convenient for you to make a presentation.(2022·浙江6月卷)
在自習室,你可以使用免費Wi Fi,這方便你做報告。
5.worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
教材原文　If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult,then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.
作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子轉變為如此成功的人,那么我知道我做的是值得的。
感知　語言先輸入
①It is worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
②This book is well worth reading.
③His suggestion is worthy of consideration/of being considered.
=His suggestion is worthy to be considered.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事
(2)worth adj.值 得的,有價值的 n.價值
be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得做
(3)worthy adj. 值得……的
be worthy
[名師指津]　worth一般只作表語;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表語又可作定語。
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換
①It’s worthwhile reading/to read (read) literary books because they can help us to know more about society and life.
②Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think it is well worthwhile experiencing/to experience this festival.(全國Ⅱ卷)
→Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think this festival is well worthy to be experienced/well worthy of being experienced.(worthy)
→Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think this festival is well worth experiencing.(worth)
6.preference n.偏愛,偏好
教材原文　to depend on personal preference　取決于個人喜好
感知　語言先輸入
①But despite our emphasis on English skills,we don’t have a preference for English majors.
②Preference will be given to graduates of the university.(招聘廣告)
③Their father prefers them to go home early.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have a preference for 對……有偏愛
give (a) preference to 給……以優惠/優先(權)
(2)prefer vt.更喜歡;選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)
prefer sth to sth 喜歡……而不喜歡……
prefer to do sth 更喜歡做某事
寧愿做……而不愿做……
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①Let’s make a list of possible speakers in order of preference (prefer).
②Li Lei has a special preference for ball games,especially football.
③Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet.
有些人更喜歡在網絡上完成幾乎所有的事情。
④如今許多孩子寧可待在家里上網,也不愿意到戶外進行鍛煉。
→Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
→Nowadays many children prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors.
7.upset adj.煩惱的,心煩意亂的 vt.使生氣,使心煩意亂
教材原文　to get upset變得心煩意亂
感知　語言先輸入
①Seeing his children were upset about/over/at the mess,the father encouraged them to try again.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
②She was rather upset to hear the news.
③It extremely upset her that her new suggestion was turned down by the boss.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be upset about/over/at sth 為某事煩心/難過
be upset to do sth 對做某事感到不安/難過
(2)upset oneself about sth 為某事而煩惱
It upsets sb to do sth/that... 做某事使某人心煩意亂
[名師指津]　
(1)upset充當形容詞時常用作表語,不能作定語。
(2)upset的過去式和過去分詞形式仍為upset;其現在分詞形式為upsetting。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/同義句轉換
①Tony became upset about/over/at what happened to the couple.
②As she was leaving,Emily was upset to say goodbye.
當艾米麗要離開時,她很難過地說再見。
③Upset and helpless,I stood silently,tears streaming down my cheeks.(情緒描寫)
既沮喪又無助,我靜靜地站著,淚水順著臉頰流淌。
④I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(情緒描寫,2022·浙江1月卷)
→What upset me was that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(what主語從句)
→It upset me that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(it作形式主語)
8.ashamed adj.羞愧的;內疚的;慚愧的
教材原文　to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged感到受傷/羞愧/泄氣
感知　語言先輸入
①I felt ashamed of putting him in such a demanding situation.(情緒描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②It’s a shame/pity that a good student should do something like that.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be/feel ashamed of... 由于……感到慚愧/羞愧/羞恥(多指內在的人或事)
be ashamed to do sth 恥于做某事
(2)shame n. 羞恥;羞愧;慚愧
be a shame to sb 對某人來說是一種恥辱
It’s a shame that... 真遺憾……
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①“Ouverture des portes.” is the only French phrase I mastered,and it is a shame that I don’t have much use for it.
②It’s such a shame that I felt as if a knife were twisting my heart,tears clouding my eyes.(情緒描寫)
這太讓人遺憾了,以至于我感覺心如刀絞,眼淚模糊了我的雙眼。
③I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.In other words,I am/feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour,which is a shame to me.
我很慚愧地說我對她撒謊了。換句話說,我為自己的可恥行為感到羞愧,這對我來說是一種恥辱。
9.intention n.意圖,目的;打算
教材原文　But I do understand my teacher’s intention.我的確理解老師的意圖。
感知　語言先輸入
①I have no intention to allow/of allowing you to continue living here alone.
②I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have no intention to do sth/of doing sth 無意做某事
(2)intend v. 打算;計劃;意思
intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算讓某人做某事
had intended to do sth/intended to have done sth 本來打算做某事(實際上后來并沒有做成)
(3)intended adj. 為……打算(或設計)的
be intended to do sth/be intended for sb/sth 為……打算(或設計)的
be intended as sth 被設計成……
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換
①I had intended(intend) to come to see you last Saturday,but I had an unexpected visitor.
②She did it without any intention (intend).She did it by accident.
③Our school organized an English Drama Competition with the intention of enriching our campus life.(通知)
→Our school organized an English Drama Competition,which was intended to enrich our campus life.(be intended to do)
→Our school organized an English Drama Competition intended to enrich our campus life.(形容詞短語作后置定語)
10.manner n.方式,方法
教材原文　I can agree with you about that,but to be more helpful,if we need to give negative feedback,we should do it in a less direct manner,especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
我可能同意你的看法,但為了更有幫助,如果我們需要給予負面反饋,我們應該以一種不那么直接的方式來做,特別是對那些害羞或敏感的人。
感知　語言先輸入
①“Don’t worry,we can figure this out,” he said in a calm manner.(語言描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②Some people have good manners while others have bad manners.
記牢　知識再梳理
in a(n)...manner　　　　　　 以……的方式
have good/bad manners 有/無禮貌
It’s good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/無禮貌
[名師指津]　當manner意為“方式;方法;舉止;態度”時,常用單數形式;當它意為“禮貌;禮儀;習俗”時,常用復數形式。
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①What upsets me is that my English teacher always gives feedback in a rude manner.
②It is bad manners to interrupt (interrupt) others when they speak.
③It’s good manners to bring a gift,such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner,you should also pay attention to your table manners.(中國禮儀)
當你拜訪一位中國朋友的時候,帶個禮物是有禮貌的,比如一束花。吃飯時,你也應該注意你的餐桌禮儀。
11.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的
教材原文　I can agree with you about that,but to be more helpful,if we need to give negative feedback,we should do it in a less direct manner,especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
我可能同意你的看法,但為了更有幫助,如果我們需要給予負面反饋,我們應該以一種不那么直接的方式來做,特別是對那些害羞或敏感的人。
感知　語言先輸入
①As you know,coral is very sensitive to water temperature.
②He’s very sensitive about being small,so don’t mention it.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be sensitive to　　 對……敏感
be sensitive about 介意……;在乎……
(2)sense n.感官;感覺;辨別力 vt.發覺;意識到
sensible adj. 明智的;合理的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①She gave me some very sensible (sense) advice.
②When your body needs energy,you will be more sensitive to some tastes.
當身體需要能量時,你就會對某些味道更敏感些。
③Young people are very sensitive about their appearance.
年輕人對自己的外貌很敏感。
片段鞏固(適應新學校)　用passionate;lack;access;worthwhile;upset;manner完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　南希第一天來到我們學校時,就感到太心煩意亂而哭了。缺乏自信使她很難適應新學校。由于現代高科技,她可以用快速的方式獲得她所熱衷的信息,這對她來說是一種安慰。此外,她認為我們學校圖書館的自習室也很值得體驗。
The first day Nancy came to our school,she was 1.so upset that she cried(so...that...引導的結果狀語從句).2.Lack of confidence(主語) made it difficult for her to adapt to the new school.Thanks to modern high technology,3.she could have access to the information she was passionate about in a swift manner(主謂賓+定語從句),which was a comfort for her.Besides,she thought 4.it was worthwhile experiencing/to experience the self study room in our school library as well(形式主語it).
短語句式通關
1.for the first time初次,第一次
教材原文　But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class,I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
但是在15歲那年,我走進了詹金斯先生的課堂,第一次對一門科目真正產生了興趣。
感知　語言先輸入
①For the first time,I realized how a stranger could become a friend through a simple act of kindness.(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)for the first time介詞短語,在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動詞。
(2)the first time 第一次……,用作連詞,用來引導時間狀語從句,類似的還有:
the first day　　　 第一天……時
each/every time 每次……的時候
next time 下次……時
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I would put on a performance at 8 am in the city theatre for the first time and I had butterflies in my stomach.
②The first time I interviewed him,he was reading in the room.
我第一次去采訪他時,他正在房間看書。
③Each/Every time he comes to see me,he will buy some gifts for me.
每次他來看我時,他都會給我買一些禮物。
④The first day he wore them,he was caught in a very heavy shower of rain.
他第一天穿上它們時就趕上了一場大雨。
2.used to過去經常,曾經
教材原文　He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
他過去常常用許多實用的例子和簡單的語言來解釋看上去很難的問題。
感知　語言先輸入
①My hometown used to suffer from problems such as poor road conditions and dirty environment.(短文投稿)
②It can also be used to mean an expression of sympathy.
③After a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)used to do sth 過去常常做某事(暗示現在已經不做了),其否定形式有兩種:used not to do sth和didn’t use to do sth。
(2)be used to do sth 被用來做某事
be/get used to (doing) sth 習慣于(做)某事
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Honestly speaking,I am not used to eating(eat) onions though they are good for health.
②The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that much amber was used to make(make) it.
③I used to trouble you to do many things for me,but you were never impatient with me.(感謝信)
我曾經麻煩你為我做很多事情,但你從來沒有對我不耐煩。
④To breathe in more fresh air,you must be used to getting up early.(健康生活)
為了呼吸更多新鮮空氣,你必須習慣于早起。
3.句型公式:if only...要是……就好了
教材原文　Sometimes I think,if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
感知　語言先輸入
①The waitstaff feels upset.If only there were more kind customers and fewer complaints.
②If only I had checked my wallet before leaving the airport!(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
③Only if you follow the doctor’s advice can you recover soon.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)if only...意為“要是……就好了”,句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。
if only...did...表示與現在事實相反的愿望。
if only...had done...
表示與過去事實相反的愿望。
if only...would/could do...
表示與將來事實相反的愿望。
(2)only if意為“只要;只有”,引導條件狀語從句。only if位于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/完成語段
①If only I could (can) fly to the moon one day!
②If only I had seen (see) her off at the station yesterday,but I was too busy.
③I feel upset and depressed,thinking about,“If only someone helped me at the moment.”
我感到很難過、很沮喪,心里想:“現在要是有人幫幫我就好了。”
④“If only I had not been constantly distracted in class.Only if I am devoted to my studies can I keep up with my classmates,” Jane thought,tears of regret flowing down her cheeks.(心理描寫)
“要是我在課堂上不經常分心就好了。只有我全身心投入到學習中,我才能趕上我的同學。”簡心想,悔恨的淚水順著臉頰流下來。
4.句型公式:catch sb doing sth撞見某人正在做某事
教材原文　Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!
感知　語言先輸入
①He found her sitting near the fire,reading a book.
②The neighborhood witnessed a poorly dressed boy selling popcorn from door to door.(場景描寫)
記牢　知識再梳理
catch sb doing sth意為“撞見某人正在做某事”,其中catch是感官動詞,doing是賓語補足語,用法相同的動詞還有find/see/witness/notice/hear/keep等。現在分詞作賓語補足語,表示正在進行的動作。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The teacher caught him cheating(cheat) in the English test.
②I found her lying(lie) in bed,looking pale and weak.
③My mother caught me playing online games again.
媽媽又抓到我玩網絡游戲了。
④She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.
她讓我一直等了20多分鐘。
5.句型公式:not all.../all...not表示部分否定
教材原文　However,I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
感知　語言先輸入
①As the saying goes,“All that glitters is not gold.”
②Life was harder then because neither of us had a job.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)當not與all,both,always,everyone,everything,everywhere等詞連用時為部分否定,意為“并非都……”。
(2)當not與any,anyone,anywhere,anything連用時為完全否定。完全否定也可由表示全部否定意義的詞表示,如no,none,nothing,nobody,nowhere,no one,never,neither等。
運用　完成句子/同義句轉換
①I am in favor of most of what you said,but I don’t agree with everything you said.
我贊成你說的大部分話,但我并非同意你所說的一切。
②Nobody likes being laughed at.
沒有誰喜歡被人嘲笑。
③All the students aren’t fond of popular music.
→Not all the students are fond of popular music.
片段鞏固(一位好老師)　用for the first time;if only;catch sb doing sth;not every完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　當我第一次上他的課時,他幽默的語言給我留下了深刻的印象。在課堂上,并不是每個學生都能參與進來。一旦發現有人睡覺,他就會問他一個問題,提醒他集中注意力。他幾乎不懲罰學生,但在他的幫助下我們都取得了很大的進步。要是我將來能遇到像他這樣的老師該多好啊!
1.When I attended his class for the first time(時間狀語從句),his humorous language made a deep impression on/upon me.In class,2.not every student could get involved(部分否定).3.As soon as he caught someone sleeping(時間狀語從句),he would ask him a question to remind him to concentrate.Barely did he punish students,but we made great progress with his help.4.If only I could meet another teacher like him in the future(虛擬語氣)!
高考熱點微練　
Ⅰ.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思
1.Comparison is right,through which we can be fueled enough to pursue our dream.vt.增強,刺激
2.Being too emotional is seen as a drag on his promotion in his career.n.阻礙
3.Fresh food was so scarce during the lockdown time that prices had rocketed.vi.飛速增長
4.All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.(2021·全國乙卷)vt.舉辦
5.You have to push on the handle to turn it—it’s very stiff.n.手柄
Ⅱ.選出access的漢語意思
(
A.
n
.進入
;
接觸的機會　B.
n
.通路
C.
vt
.訪問　D.
vt
.進入
;
到達
)
1.The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.B
2.The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.C
3.The road is blocked but can be accessed by emergency.D
4.To sum up,low price,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.A
[基礎語境練]
Ⅰ.單詞情景運用(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The whole incident had upset(使心煩意亂) me terribly.
2.An increasing number of people want to be teachers,though teaching is a demanding (要求嚴格的) profession.
3.Many people don’t like onions(洋蔥) because they have a strong smell.
4.To our pride,China has launched many rockets (火箭) into space in the past decade.
5.We can see how many angles (角) the figure has.
6.His car stalled (熄火) halfway to school because he forgot to fuel / fju l/ it the day before.
7.Researchers have found out the reason how acid / sId/ rain forms.
8.We can handle the situation as long as we remain calm.
9.He raised a piece of advice that we (should) go on a picnic this weekend.
10.Helen moved to the countryside with the intention of leading a peaceful life.
Ⅱ.詞形轉換填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.Mothers are often the ones who provide emotional(emotion) support for the family.
2.It has been confirmed that it is the most effective(effect) treatment.
3.Many people expressed a strong preference (prefer) for the original plan.
4.Although this result may not surprise you,it leads to practical (practice) advice.
5.The twin sisters were brought up in the same environment,so their behaviour (behave) had much in common.
6.Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz,and make the music more accessible (access).
7.You can give a presentation (present) to the class tomorrow morning.
8.Wang Yangming is a great educationalist(educational) who developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.
9.I admire his passionate(passion) belief in what he is doing.
10.Ben is very sensitive(sense);he just can’t take criticism.
Ⅲ.短語情景運用(每小題1.5分,共9分)
used to,add up to,set off,make sure,for the first time,a couple of
1.I will go on a business trip in Shanghai for a couple of days.
2.The airport road is accessible today for the first time in a week since the storm.
3.According to the ban,anybody who is caught setting off fireworks in the city will be fined.
4.We used to buy things in the shop but now we usually do it online.
5.For a hit show,profits can add up to millions of dollars.
6.Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.
Ⅳ.典型句式集訓(每小題2分,共10分)
1.You will find it very rewarding to participate in the voluntary work.(find+賓語+賓補)
你會發現參加義工很有意義。
2.If only I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(if only)
要是我當時學習更努力,我就能通過考試了。
3.She caught herself wondering whether she had made a mistake.(catch+賓語+賓補)
她發覺自己在懷疑是否犯了錯誤。
4.Not all body languages mean/All body languages don’t mean the same thing in different countries,such as nodding.(not...all)
并非所有的肢體語言在不同的國家里都有相同的意思,例如點頭。
5.You’re quite wrong;she does like you.(強調謂語動詞)
你完全錯了,她真的喜歡你。
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共20分)
A
Blood may be thicker than water when it comes to human relationships and it appears that the same is true of jackdaws (寒鴉) after scientists found they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.
Alex Thornton,a professor of cognitive evolution,said,“We monitor hundreds of wild jackdaws,each of which is fitted with a tiny PIT tag like the chips (芯片) used for pet cats and dogs—embedded in (嵌入) a leg ring.In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws into two groups—A or B—and programmed a pair of automated PIT tag detecting devices to provide worms only if individuals from the same group(AA or BB) visited together.” If birds from different groups arrived together—A with B—the feeders would remain closed.Single birds would get grain,but not the more desirable worms.
Thornton said,“The idea was to find out if jackdaws could readjust their social associations.They might have friends in the wrong group.Do jackdaws ditch them and start to hang out with individuals who are in the right group The jackdaws turned out to be very strategic,quickly learning to abandon friends from the other group so they could get the best rewards.However,they made an exception when it came to their close relations even if they got nothing.What we were able to do here was test the idea:can individuals keep track of the outcomes of past interactions and update their relationships It turns out they can.”
Thornton said jackdaws were an excellent subject matter as they were clever and had dynamic social networks.“You’ve got individuals coming and going so beyond their strong relationships,and they have lots of other associations.They are similar to human society.” Michael Kings,of the University of Exeter,said.“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence as they show that being able to track and remember information about social partners can bring benefits.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項研究寒鴉社交行為的科學實驗,科學家試圖通過寒鴉的行為邏輯更好地理解生物認知與智力進化。
1.Which of the following matters most for jackdaws according to the experiment
A.Their family.
B.Avoiding going hungry.
C.Staying away from risks.
D.Their friends.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第一段“Blood may be thicker than water...they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.”可知,對寒鴉來說最重要的是他們的家庭,故選A項。]
2.What can be learned about the jackdaws in the experiment
A.Jackdaws on their own got worms.
B.Jackdaws with their family got grain.
C.Jackdaws from the same group got worms.
D.Jackdaws from different groups got grain.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第二段“In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws...only if individuals from the same group (AA or BB) visited together.”可知,來自同一組的寒鴉得到了蟲子,故選C項。]
3.What does the underlined word “ditch” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Reward. B.Abandon.
C.Destroy. D.Believe.
答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據第三段畫線詞后“them and start to hang out with individuals who...from the other group so they could get the best rewards.”可知,此處問“寒鴉會拋棄它們,開始和正確群體里的個體交往嗎 ”此處的ditch意為“拋棄”,故選B項。]
4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To encourage further research.
B.To give possible reasons for the results.
C.To explain the significance of the research.
D.To summarize the findings of the experiment.
答案　C　[寫作目的題。根據最后一段中“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence...can bring benefits.(這些結果有助于我們理解智力的進化,因為它們表明能夠追蹤和記憶社交伙伴的信息可以帶來好處。)”可知,該段落的目的是解釋研究的意義,故選C項。]
B
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era defining movies such as Pretty in Pink,St.Elmo’s Fire and Less Than Zero.But he is also an award winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and Walking with Sam (2021).In the new book,he looks back on an epic adventure,where he walked 500 miles across Spain’s Camino de Santiago with his 19 year old son,Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re examine their evolving relationship,as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood.“I wanted to get to know my son.Not just in the parent child,dominant submissive or unruly roles,but as adults,as equals,as peers (同齡人),” he said.“The Camino gave me the greatest luxury you have with adult children—which is time.” For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time with Sam,and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father.“My relationship with my dad ended pretty much when I left home at 17 years old,and I didn’t want that to happen with my kids,” McCarthy said.
The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino,with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail.It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship among the other walkers they encounter,and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a relationship,and there are lovely examples of both here.In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash,and offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment.“I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy writes.“He nods softly,gratefully.We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs (蒲公英) float in the air like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《與薩姆同行》這本書,書中演員兼獲獎旅行作家Andrew McCarthy講述了與他的兒子Sam一起徒步旅行的親身經歷,并試圖通過這次旅程探索父子關系的變化與深化。
5.What do we know about Walking with Sam according to paragraph 1
A.A fantasy novel.
B.A travel memoir.
C.A prize winning diary entry.
D.An era defining movie.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據第一段可知,《與薩姆同行》這本書是由曾作為旅行作家獲獎的Andrew McCarthy所寫,內容應與旅行相關,可能是一本旅行回憶錄,故選B項。]
6.Why did McCarthy start the adventure
A.To honor his father.
B.To help his son fly the nest.
C.To bond with his son.
D.To seek for writing inspiration.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第二段可知,McCathy開始這段冒險是為了與他的兒子建立聯系,作為成年人、平等的伙伴來了解彼此,故選C項。]
7.McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by 　　　　.
A.comparison and contrast
B.cause and effect
C.facts and opinions
D.sequence of events
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino,with a chapter per day over the course.”可知,《與薩姆同行》一書按照他們在Camino de Santiago行走的路線編寫,每一天作為一個章節,這是按照事件發生的順序來展開敘述的,故選D項。]
8.What does the author think of Walking with Sam
A.Plain but functional.
B.Inspiring and touching.
C.Brief but informative.
D.Humorous and straightforward.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據文章內容,特別是最后一段“Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.可知,作者認為這本書是鼓舞人心且感人的,故選B項。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小題1分,共15分)
A mother with cancer has been moved by the kindness of a stranger as she fights with the terrible disease.Jerina Edwards and her family were 　1　 at a Chinese restaurant when a customer offered to 　2　 their bill.
In a touching note written on the bill for the meal,the 　3　 explained the inspiration behind his Christmas kindness.The kind hearted stranger who offered help 　4　 how his own life had been affected by cancer five years before.“I lost my 　5　 to cancer five years ago,” he 　6　 on the bill.“I know how 　7　 it can be going through this.My children lost their mother.Your meal is on me.”
Ms Edwards 　8　 the kind stranger alongside a photo of the bill posted on the Love What Matters website page.The widely shared 　9　 has since been viewed more than 35,000 times.“We went out to eat last night at a little Chinese place after church.Right as we were getting ready to 　10　 our ticket,the waitress brought us this instead,” she said.“Someone in the restaurant had paid our bill and left us this 　11　.More than anything,having cancer has shown me that there are a lot of 　12　 people in this world and that I am 　13　 for my own family.”
Although her diagnosis (診斷) was not terminal (致命的),Ms Edwards said cancer had 　14　 her family and herself so much.“It has been hard,” she said.“I have fought;I have been sick;tears have been shed;I have missed out on things;I have lost my hair,but I will live.My parents will 　15　 have their daughter;my husband will have his wife;my children will still have their mother.” She ended her emotional post with a personal message to the stranger at the restaurant.“Whoever you are—thank you.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了身患癌癥的Jerina Edwards與家人外出就餐收到了陌生人請客的好意,這個經歷讓她深受感激。
1.A.resting B.chatting
C.eating D.singing
答案　C　[根據下文第二段中的“for the meal”可知,Jerina Edwards和她的家人正在一家中國餐廳就餐,故選C項。]
2.A.pay B.see
C.share D.check
答案　A　[根據下文第三段中的“Someone in the restaurant had paid our bill”可知,一位顧客為她們一家付了賬,故選A項。]
3.A.boss B.teacher
C.cook D.stranger
答案　D　[根據上文“A mother with cancer has been moved by the kindness of a stranger”及下文“The kind hearted stranger”及最后一段中的“the stranger at the restaurant”可知,這是位陌生人所做的善舉,故選D項。]
4.A.described B.reported
C.repeated D.recorded
答案　A　[根據上文“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,在那頓飯的賬單上寫著一段讓人感動的字。由此可知,那個好心的陌生人在賬單上描述了五年前他自己的生活如何受癌癥的影響,故選A項。]
5.A.wife B.child
C.father D.parent
答案　A　[根據下文“My children lost their mother.”可知,那個陌生人的孩子失去了他們的母親。由此可知,那個陌生人的妻子得癌癥,五年前離世了,故選A項。]
6.A.improved B.focused
C.wrote D.handed
答案　C　[根據上文“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,那位陌生人在賬單上寫了他的事情,故選C項。]
7.A.easy B.favorable
C.tough D.wonderful
答案　C　[根據下文“My children lost their mother.”可知,那個陌生人的孩子失去了他們的母親。由此可知,當他看到Edwards女士時,他能夠感同身受,知道經歷這些會很艱難,故選C項。]
8.A.thanked B.helped
C.noticed D.misunderstood
答案　A　[根據上文及下文最后一段中的“thank you”可知,那個陌生人為Edwards一家付了飯錢。由此可知,Edwards女士感謝了這位善良的陌生人,故選A項。]
9.A.photo B.book
C.magazine D.post
答案　D　[根據上文“a photo of the bill posted on the Love What Matters website page”、下文“viewed more than 35,000 times”及最后一段中的“She ended her emotional post”可知,發布的帖子已經被觀看超過35 000次,故選D項。]
10.A.find out B.put away
C.look for D.ask for
答案　D　[根據語境可知,當Edwards女士正要準備買單時,女服務員卻拿了個便條給她,故選D項。]
11.A.note B.dish
C.lesson D.tea
答案　A　[根據上文第二段中的“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,飯店里有人為她們一家付了賬并留了一張字條,故選A項。]
12.A.tall B.good
C.young D.bad
答案　B　[根據語境可知,Edwards女士說,最重要的是,得了癌癥讓她知道這個世界上有很多好人,故選B項。]
13.A.sorry B.grateful
C.hateful D.concerned
答案　B　[根據語境可知,她對她的家人也心存感激,故選B項。]
14.A.left B.cost
C.taught D.benefited
答案　B　[根據上文可知,身患癌癥讓Edwards女士的家人和她自己都付出了巨大代價,故選B項。]
15.A.never B.then
C.still D.hardly
答案　C　[根據上文“but I will live”及下文“my husband will have his wife;my children will still have their mother”可知,此處指Edwards女士的父母仍會擁有他們的女兒,故選C項。](共126張PPT)
Part 2　Language Points
(Topic Talk & Lesson 1 & Lesson 2)
內
容
索
引
必備知識自測
核心考點突破
課時測評作業
必 備 知 識 自 測
[核心單詞·練通]
1.　　　　　　 /p / vt.灌,注,倒
2.　　　　　　 /l k/ vt.缺乏
3.　　　　　　 /bI heIvj / n.行為,舉止
4.　　　　　　 /dr ɡ/ vt.拖,拉
5.　　　　　　 / w θ waIl/ adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
pour
lack
behaviour
drag
worthwhile
[拓展單詞·用活]
1.　　　　　　 / pr ktIk l/ adj.實際的;實踐的;切實可行的→practice n.& v.練習→practically adv.實際地;切實可行地
2.　　　　　　 / prez n teI n/ n.報告; 陳述,說明→present vt.授予;呈現 n.禮物
3.　　　　　　 / kses/ n.進入;接觸的機會→accessible adj.易接近的;可達到的;易取得的
4.　　　　　　 / edj keI n lIst/ n.教育(學)家→educate vt.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有教育意義的
practical
presentation
access
educationalist
[閱讀單詞·識記]
1.angle / ɡ l/ n.　　 　　 　　　　　
2.triangle / traI ɡ l/ n. 　　　　　
3.rocket / r kIt/ n. 　　　　　
4.fuel / fju l/ n. 　　　　　
5.hydrogen / haIdr d n/ n. 　　　　　
6.acid / sId/ n. 　　　　　
7.onion / nj n/ n. 　　　　　
角
三角形
火箭
燃料
氫
酸
洋蔥
[重點短語·再現]
1.　　　　　　　　 過去經常,曾經
2.　　　　　　　　 合計達,總計達
3.　　　　　　　　 (使)爆炸;引發(爆炸);出發
4.　　　　　　　　 建立;安排;策劃;引發;產生
5.　　　　　　　　 確保
6.　　　　　　　　 有……的機會;可以進入/ 接近……
used to
add up to
set off
set up
make sure
have access to
7.for the first time 　　　　　　　　　
8.pour into 　　　　　　　　　
9.a couple of 　　　　　　　　　
10.make friends with 　　　　　　　　　
初次,第一次
投入(倒)……于某物
一些,幾個;一雙,一對
和……交朋友
[典型句式·默背]
根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子
1.[句型公式]　It is clear that...
[教材原句]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 your mother loves you very much!
顯然,你的媽媽是非常愛你的!
It’s clear that
2.[句型公式]　強調謂語動詞
[教材原句]　But I 　　　　　　　　　　 my teacher’s intention.
不過,我確實理解老師的意圖。
3.[句型公式]　find+賓語+賓補
[教材原句]　I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
我覺得這些東西都很枯燥也很難。
do understand
found it all so boring and difficult
4.[句型公式]　 if only引導虛擬條件句
[教材原句]　Sometimes I think,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
and ask for his opinion!
有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
5.[句型公式]　catch+賓語+賓補
[教材原句]　Once I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!
if only I could call him
caught him and his friends seeing
6.[句型公式]　not...all表示部分否定
[教材原句]　However,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
as I have with Graham.
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
I have not done as well with all my students
核 心 考 點 突 破
核心單詞練透
高考熱點微練
短語句式通關
1.passionate adj.熱愛的,酷愛的;具有強烈信念的
教材原文　kind,loving and passionate善良,有愛心,充滿激情
感知　語言先輸入
①Most people who become teachers do so because they’re passionate about kids.
②I do have a passion for learning about these things and finding what works for me and my family.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be passionate about sth　 對某事有熱情
(2)passion n. 熱情;熱戀;強烈的情感
have a passion for... 對……有熱情
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①His niece has a passion 　　　　　 classical music and often goes to the classical concert.
for
②I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis competition because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
tennis.(申請信)
我想要成為這次國際網球比賽的志愿者,因為我真的酷愛網球。
③What impressed me most was the Culture Night,which provoked
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Irish and culture legacy.(2022·浙江1月卷)
給我印象最深的是“文化之夜”,它激發了我進一步了解愛爾蘭語和文化遺產的熱情。
I’m really passionate about
my passion for further understanding of
2.pour vt.灌,注,倒 vi.下大雨
教材原文　I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket,and then another student lit a match to set it off.
我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進火箭,然后另一名學生點燃了一根火柴發射火箭。
感知　語言先輸入
①The eggs were put on a plate and the coffee was poured into a cup.
②I was in the kitchen pouring out drinks at that time.
③He broke down at the news,tears pouring down his cheeks.
(情緒描寫)
記牢　知識再梳理
pour...into...　　　 把……倒進/注入……
pour out 涌出;倒出;表露無遺
pour down 流下;傾瀉
運用　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Washing the teapots,adding tea leaves,and pouring water ________
the cups,they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture.(動作鏈,傳統文化)
②外面下著瓢潑大雨。
→
→
→
into
It’s pouring outside.
The rain is pouring down outside.
It’s pouring with rain outside.
3.lack vt.& n.缺乏
教材原文　The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.
問題是我對自己缺乏信心。
感知　語言先輸入
①More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
②We rushed around the station,but lack of options only added to my anxiety.(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
③Though Jack was lacking in experience,he made up for it with great enthusiasm.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)for lack of　　 因缺乏……
(a) lack of 缺乏……
(2)lack (for) sth 缺少……
(3)lacking adj. 短缺的;缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①My nephew is extremely 　　　　　　(lack) in confidence,so he can’t serve as the host for the English Evening.
②For lack 　　　　　　a sense of humour and passion,Mrs Grace felt nervous for the coming party in her new company.
lacking
of
③Health problems are closely connected with poor eating habits and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Many people end up being physically unhealthy 　　　　　　　　　　　 both these aspects.
健康問題與不良的飲食習慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關。許多人由于缺乏對這兩方面的關注,最終變得身體不健康。
(a) lack of exercise
for lack of attention to
4.access n.進入;接觸的機會
教材原文　The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
做教師意味著,你有機會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學習的時候,走進他們的心靈。
感知　語言先輸入
①The activity offered us a chance to have access to various books and aroused our interest in reading.(活動介紹)
②Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.
(中國交通,2024·全國甲卷)
③The citizens are accessible to the library for free.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have/get/obtain/gain access to...擁有……的機會;可以接近;進入
give access to準許進入(接近)
(2)accessible adj.可接近的;可進入的;可使用的
be accessible to...可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的(注意,這時,這個短語的主語是表示人的詞語)
[名師指津]　同動詞構成短語時,access前通常不加冠詞,且access短語中的to是介詞。
運用　單句語法填空/詞匯升級/完成句子
①Our school stadium is 　　　　　　　　(access) to us students,and we can get easy access 　　　　　　it when taking exercise.
②Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access
clean drinking water.
③Every student has a chance to be admitted to a key university.
→Every student 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a key university.
accessible
to
to
has/gains/gets access to
④In the self-study room,you can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
free Wi-Fi,making it convenient for you to make a presentation.
(2022·浙江6月卷)
在自習室,你可以使用免費Wi-Fi,這方便你做報告。
access/get access to/be accessible to
5.worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的
教材原文　If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult,then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.
作為老師如果可以幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子轉變為如此成功的人,那么我知道我做的是值得的。
感知　語言先輸入
①It is worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
②This book is well worth reading.
③His suggestion is worthy of consideration/of being considered.
=His suggestion is worthy to be considered.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事
(2)worth adj. 值得的,有價值的 n.價值
be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得做
(3)worthy adj. 值得……的
be worthy
[名師指津]　worth一般只作表語;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表語又可作定語。
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換
①It’s worthwhile 　　　　　　　(read) literary books because they can help us to know more about society and life.
reading/to read
②Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think it is well worthwhile experiencing/to experience this festival.(全國Ⅱ卷)
→Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think this festival is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(worthy)
→Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture,I think this festival is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(worth)
well worthy to be experienced/well worthy of
being experienced
well worth experiencing
6.preference n.偏愛,偏好
教材原文　to depend on personal preference取決于個人喜好
感知　語言先輸入
①But despite our emphasis on English skills,we don’t have a preference for English majors.
②Preference will be given to graduates of the university.(招聘廣告)
③Their father prefers them to go home early.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have a preference for 對……有偏愛
give (a) preference to 給……以優惠/優先(權)
(2)prefer vt. 更喜歡;選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)
prefer sth to sth 喜歡……而不喜歡……
prefer to do sth 更喜歡做某事
寧愿做……而不愿做……
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①Let’s make a list of possible speakers in order of
(prefer).
②Li Lei has a special preference 　　　　　 ball games,especially football.
③Some people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
over the Internet.
有些人更喜歡在網絡上完成幾乎所有的事情。
preference
for
prefer to do almost everything
④如今許多孩子寧可待在家里上網,也不愿意到戶外進行鍛煉。
→Nowadays many children prefer 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→Nowadays many children 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
surfing the Internet at
home to taking exercise outdoors
prefer to surf the Internet at
home rather than take exercise outdoors
7.upset adj.煩惱的,心煩意亂的 vt.使生氣,使心煩意亂
教材原文　to get upset變得心煩意亂
感知　語言先輸入
①Seeing his children were upset about/over/at the mess,the father encouraged them to try again.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
②She was rather upset to hear the news.
③It extremely upset her that her new suggestion was turned down by the boss.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be upset about/over/at sth 為某事煩心/難過
be upset to do sth 對做某事感到不安/難過
(2)upset oneself about sth 為某事而煩惱
It upsets sb to do sth/that... 做某事使某人心煩意亂
[名師指津]　
(1)upset充當形容詞時常用作表語,不能作定語。
(2)upset的過去式和過去分詞形式仍為upset;其現在分詞形式為upsetting。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/同義句轉換
①Tony became upset 　　　　　　　what happened to the couple.
②As she was leaving,Emily 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
當艾米麗要離開時,她很難過地說再見。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I stood silently,
tears streaming down my cheeks.(情緒描寫)
既沮喪又無助,我靜靜地站著,淚水順著臉頰流淌。
about/over/at
was upset to say goodbye
Upset and helpless
④I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(情緒描寫,2022·浙江1月卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(what主語從句)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(it作形式主語)
What upset me was that
It upset me that
8.ashamed adj.羞愧的;內疚的;慚愧的
教材原文　to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged感到受傷/羞愧/泄氣
感知　語言先輸入
①I felt ashamed of putting him in such a demanding situation.
(情緒描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②It’s a shame/pity that a good student should do something like that.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be/feel ashamed of... 由于……感到慚愧/羞愧/羞恥
(多指內在的人或事)
be ashamed to do sth 恥于做某事
(2)shame n. 羞恥;羞愧;慚愧
be a shame to sb 對某人來說是一種恥辱
It’s a shame that... 真遺憾……
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①“Ouverture des portes.” is the only French phrase I mastered,and
　　　　　　is a shame that I don’t have much use for it.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as if a knife were twisting my heart,tears clouding my eyes.(情緒描寫)
這太讓人遺憾了,以至于我感覺心如刀絞,眼淚模糊了我的雙眼。
it
It’s such a shame that I felt
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that I lied to her. In other words,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which is
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我很慚愧地說我對她撒謊了。換句話說,我為自己的可恥行為感到羞愧,這對我來說是一種恥辱。
I’m ashamed to say
I am/feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour
a shame to me
9.intention n.意圖,目的;打算
教材原文　But I do understand my teacher’s intention.
我的確理解老師的意圖。
感知　語言先輸入
①I have no intention to allow/of allowing you to continue living here alone.
②I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)have no intention to do sth/of doing sth 無意做某事
(2)intend v. 打算;計劃;意思
intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算讓某人做某事
had intended to do sth/intended to have done sth
本來打算做某事(實際上后來并沒有做成)
(3)intended adj. 為……打算(或設計)的
be intended to do sth/be intended for sb/sth 為……打算(或設計)的
be intended as sth 被設計成……
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換
①I 　　　　　　　　(intend) to come to see you last Saturday,but I had an unexpected visitor.
②She did it without any 　　　　　　　 (intend).She did it by accident.
had intended
intention
③Our school organized an English Drama Competition with the intention of enriching our campus life.(通知)
→Our school organized an English Drama Competition,which
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(be intended to do)
→Our school organized an English Drama Competition
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(形容詞短語作后置定語)
was intended to enrich our campus life
intended to enrich our campus life
10.manner n.方式,方法
教材原文　I can agree with you about that,but to be more helpful,if we need to give negative feedback,we should do it in a less direct manner,especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
我可能同意你的看法,但為了更有幫助,如果我們需要給予負面反饋,我們應該以一種不那么直接的方式來做,特別是對那些害羞或敏感的人。
感知　語言先輸入
①“Don’t worry,we can figure this out,” he said in a calm manner.
(語言描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②Some people have good manners while others have bad manners.
記牢　知識再梳理
in a(n)...manner　　　　 以……的方式
have good/bad manners 有/無禮貌
It’s good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/無禮貌
[名師指津]　當manner意為“方式;方法;舉止;態度”時,常用單數形式;當它意為“禮貌;禮儀;習俗”時,常用復數形式。
運用　單句語法填空/完成語段
①What upsets me is that my English teacher always gives feedback
　　　　　　a rude manner.
②It is bad manners 　　　　　　(interrupt) others when they speak.
in
to interrupt
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner,you should also pay attention to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(中國禮儀)
當你拜訪一位中國朋友的時候,帶個禮物是有禮貌的,比如一束花。吃飯時,你也應該注意你的餐桌禮儀。
It’s good manners to bring a gift
your table manners
11.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的
教材原文　I can agree with you about that,but to be more helpful,if we need to give negative feedback,we should do it in a less direct manner,especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
我可能同意你的看法,但為了更有幫助,如果我們需要給予負面反饋,我們應該以一種不那么直接的方式來做,特別是對那些害羞或敏感的人。
感知　語言先輸入
①As you know,coral is very sensitive to water temperature.
②He’s very sensitive about being small,so don’t mention it.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be sensitive to　　 對……敏感
be sensitive about 介意……;在乎……
(2)sense n. 感官;感覺;辨別力 vt.發覺;意識到
sensible adj. 明智的;合理的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①She gave me some very 　　　　　　(sense) advice.
②When your body needs energy,you will
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
當身體需要能量時,你就會對某些味道更敏感些。
③Young people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.
年輕人對自己的外貌很敏感。
sensible
be more sensitive to some tastes
are very sensitive about their appearance
片段鞏固(適應新學校)
用passionate;lack;access;worthwhile;upset;manner完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　南希第一天來到我們學校時,就感到太心煩意亂而哭了。缺乏自信使她很難適應新學校。由于現代高科技,她可以用快速的方式獲得她所熱衷的信息,這對她來說是一種安慰。此外,她認為我們學校圖書館的自習室也很值得體驗。
The first day Nancy came to our school,she was 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (so...that...引導的結果狀語從句). 2.　　　　　　　　　　(主語) made it difficult for her to adapt to the new school.Thanks to modern high technology, 3.　　　　　　　
(主謂賓+定語從句),which was a comfort for her.Besides,she thought 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(形式主語it).
so upset that she cried
Lack of confidence
she could have
access to the information she was passionate about in a swift anner
it was worthwhile experiencing/to experience the self-study room in our school library as well
1.for the first time初次,第一次
教材原文　But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class,I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
但是在15歲那年,我走進了詹金斯先生的課堂,第一次對一門科目真正產生了興趣。
感知　語言先輸入
①For the first time,I realized how a stranger could become a friend through a simple act of kindness.(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
②I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)for the first time 介詞短語,在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動詞。
(2)the first time 第一次……,用作連詞,用來引導時間狀語從句,類似的還有:
the first day　　　 第一天……時
each/every time 每次……的時候
next time 下次……時
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I would put on a performance at 8 am in the city theatre _________
the first time and I had butterflies in my stomach.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he was reading in the room.
我第一次去采訪他時,他正在房間看書。
for
The first time I interviewed him
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he will buy some gifts for me.
每次他來看我時,他都會給我買一些禮物。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he was caught in a very heavy shower of rain.
他第一天穿上它們時就趕上了一場大雨。
Each/Every time he comes to see me
The first day he wore them
2.used to過去經常,曾經
教材原文　He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.他過去常常用許多實用的例子和簡單的語言來解釋看上去很難的問題。
感知　語言先輸入
①My hometown used to suffer from problems such as poor road conditions and dirty environment.(短文投稿)
②It can also be used to mean an expression of sympathy.
③After a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)used to do sth 過去常常做某事(暗示現在已經不做了),其否定形式有兩種:used not to do sth和didn’t use to do sth。
(2)be used to do sth 被用來做某事
be/get used to (doing) sth 習慣于(做)某事
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Honestly speaking,I am not used to 　　　　　　 (eat) onions though they are good for health.
②The reason why we call it the Amber Room is that much amber was used 　　　　　　(make) it.
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　to do many things for me,but you were never impatient with me.(感謝信)
我曾經麻煩你為我做很多事情,但你從來沒有對我不耐煩。
eating
to make
used to trouble you
④To breathe in more fresh air,you must 　　　　　　　　　　　
early.(健康生活)
為了呼吸更多新鮮空氣,你必須習慣于早起。
be used to getting up
3.句型公式:if only...要是……就好了
教材原文　Sometimes I think,if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有時我想,要是我能給他打電話征求他的意見就好了!
感知　語言先輸入
①The waitstaff feels upset.If only there were more kind customers and fewer complaints.
②If only I had checked my wallet before leaving the airport!
(心理描寫,2024·新課標卷)
③Only if you follow the doctor’s advice can you recover soon.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)if only...意為“要是……就好了”,句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。
if only...did...表示與現在事實相反的愿望。
if only...had done...表示與過去事實相反的愿望。
if only...would/could do...表示與將來事實相反的愿望。
(2)only if意為“只要;只有”,引導條件狀語從句。only if位于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/完成語段
①If only I 　　　　　　(can) fly to the moon one day!
②If only I 　　　　　　(see) her off at the station yesterday,but I was too busy.
③I feel upset and depressed,thinking about,
“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at the moment.”
我感到很難過、很沮喪,心里想:“現在要是有人幫幫我就好了?！?br/>could
had seen
If only someone helped me
④“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Only if 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
my classmates,” Jane thought,tears of regret flowing down her cheeks.(心理描寫)
“要是我在課堂上不經常分心就好了。只有我全身心投入到學習中,我才能趕上我的同學。”簡心想,悔恨的淚水順著臉頰流下來。
If only I had not been constantly distracted in class
I am devoted to my studies can I keep up with
4.句型公式:catch sb doing sth撞見某人正在做某事
教材原文　Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽,看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠!
感知　語言先輸入
①He found her sitting near the fire,reading a book.
②The neighborhood witnessed a poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn from door to door.(場景描寫)
記牢　知識再梳理
catch sb doing sth意為“撞見某人正在做某事”,其中catch是感官動詞,doing是賓語補足語,用法相同的動詞還有find/see/witness/ notice/hear/keep等?，F在分詞作賓語補足語,表示正在進行的動作。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The teacher caught him 　　　　　　(cheat) in the English test.
②I found her 　　　　　　(lie) in bed,looking pale and weak.
③My mother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 again.
媽媽又抓到我玩網絡游戲了。
④She 　　　　　　　　　　　 for over twenty minutes.
她讓我一直等了20多分鐘。
cheating
lying
caught me playing online games
kept me waiting
5.句型公式:not all.../all...not表示部分否定
教材原文　However,I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不過,并不是每一個學生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
感知　語言先輸入
①As the saying goes,“All that glitters is not gold.”
②Life was harder then because neither of us had a job.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)當not與all,both,always,everyone,everything,everywhere等詞連用時為部分否定,意為“并非都……”。
(2)當not與any,anyone,anywhere,anything連用時為完全否定。完全否定也可由表示全部否定意義的詞表示,如no,none,nothing,nobody, nowhere,no one,never,neither等。
運用　完成句子/同義句轉換
①I am in favor of most of what you said,but
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you said.
我贊成你說的大部分話,但我并非同意你所說的一切。
②　　　　　　　　　 being laughed at.
沒有誰喜歡被人嘲笑。
③All the students aren’t fond of popular music.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　 fond of popular music.
I don’t agree with everything
Nobody likes
Not all the students are
片段鞏固(一位好老師)
用for the first time;if only;catch sb doing sth;not every完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　當我第一次上他的課時,他幽默的語言給我留下了深刻的印象。在課堂上,并不是每個學生都能參與進來。一旦發現有人睡覺,他就會問他一個問題,提醒他集中注意力。他幾乎不懲罰學生,但在他的幫助下我們都取得了很大的進步。要是我將來能遇到像他這樣的老師該多好啊!
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(時間狀語從句),his humorous language made a deep impression on/upon me.In class,2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (部分否定). 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(時間狀語從句),he would ask him a question to remind him to concentrate. Barely did he punish students,but we made great progress with his help.4.
(虛擬語氣)!
When I attended his class for the first time
not every student could get involved
As soon as he caught someone sleeping
If only I could meet another teacher like him in the future
Ⅰ.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思
1.Comparison is right,through which we can be fueled enough to pursue our dream.　　　　　　
2.Being too emotional is seen as a drag on his promotion in his career.　　　　　
3.Fresh food was so scarce during the lockdown time that prices had rocketed.　　　　　　
vt.增強,刺激
n.阻礙
vi.飛速增長
4.All these stadiums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.(2021·全國乙卷)　　　　　
5.You have to push on the handle to turn it—it’s very stiff.
　　　　　
vt.舉辦
n.手柄
Ⅱ.選出access的漢語意思
A.n.進入;接觸的機會　B.n.通路　C.vt.訪問　D.vt.進入;到達
1.The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.　　
2.The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.　　
3.The road is blocked but can be accessed by emergency.　　
4.To sum up,low price,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.　　
B
C
D
A
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
Ⅰ.單詞情景運用(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The whole incident had 　　　　　　　　 (使心煩意亂) me terribly.
2.An increasing number of people want to be teachers,though teaching is a 　　　　　　　 (要求嚴格的) profession.
3.Many people don’t like 　　　　　　　　 (洋蔥) because they have a strong smell.
4.To our pride,China has launched many 　　　　　　　　　　 (火箭) into space in the past decade.
5.We can see how many 　　　　　　　　　 (角) the figure has.
upset
demanding
onions
rockets
angles
6.His car stalled (熄火) halfway to school because he forgot to 　　　　　　　　　 / fju l/ it the day before.
7.Researchers have found out the reason how 　　　　　　　 / sId/ rain forms.
8.We can h　　　　　　 the situation as long as we remain calm.
9.He r　　　　　 a piece of advice that we (should) go on a picnic this weekend.
10.Helen moved to the countryside with the i　　　　　　　　　 of leading a peaceful life.
fuel
acid
andle
ised
ntention
Ⅱ.詞形轉換填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.Mothers are often the ones who provide 　　　　　　　(emotion) support for the family.
2.It has been confirmed that it is the most 　　　　　　　　　(effect) treatment.
3.Many people expressed a strong 　　　　　　(prefer) for the original plan.
emotional
effective
preference
4.Although this result may not surprise you,it leads to _____________
(practice) advice.
5.The twin sisters were brought up in the same environment,so their 　　　　　　　 (behave) had much in common.
6.Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz,and make the music more 　　　　　　　(access).
7.You can give a 　　　　　　　　　 (present) to the class tomorrow morning.
practical
behaviour
accessible
presentation
8.Wang Yangming is a great 　　　　　　　　 (educational) who developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.
9.I admire his 　　　　　　　 (passion) belief in what he is doing.
10.Ben is very 　　　　　　　 (sense);he just can’t take criticism.
educationalist
passionate
sensitive
Ⅲ.短語情景運用(每小題1.5分,共9分)
used to,add up to,set off,make sure,for the first time,a couple of
1.I will go on a business trip in Shanghai for _____________________
days.
2.The airport road is accessible today 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in a week since the storm.
3.According to the ban,anybody who is caught ___________________
fireworks in the city will be fined.
a couple of
for the first time
setting off
4.We 　　　　　　　buy things in the shop but now we usually do it online.
5.For a hit show,profits can 　　　　　　　　millions of dollars.
6.　　　　　　　 that you are working in a comfortable position.
used to
add up to
Make sure
Ⅳ.典型句式集訓(每小題2分,共10分)
1.You 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to participate in the voluntary work.
你會發現參加義工很有意義。(find+賓語+賓補)
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I would have passed the exam.(if only)
要是我當時學習更努力,我就能通過考試了。
will find it very rewarding
If only I had studied harder
3.She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　whether she had made a mistake.(catch+賓語+賓補)
她發覺自己在懷疑是否犯了錯誤。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the same thing in different countries,such as nodding.(not...all)
并非所有的肢體語言在不同的國家里都有相同的意思,例如點頭。
5.You’re quite wrong;she 　　　　　　　　. (強調謂語動詞)
你完全錯了,她真的喜歡你。
caught herself wondering
Not all body languages mean/All body languages don’t mean
does like you
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共20分)
A
Blood may be thicker than water when it comes to human relationships and it appears that the same is true of jackdaws (寒鴉) after scientists found they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.
Alex Thornton,a professor of cognitive evolution,said,“We monitor hundreds of wild jackdaws,each of which is fitted with a tiny PIT tag like the chips (芯片) used for pet cats and dogs—embedded in (嵌入) a leg ring.In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws into two groups—A or B—and programmed a pair of automated PIT tag-detecting devices to provide worms only if individuals from the same group(AA or BB) visited together.” If birds from different groups arrived together—A with B—the feeders would remain closed. Single birds would get grain,but not the more desirable worms.
Thornton said,“The idea was to find out if jackdaws could readjust their social associations.They might have friends in the wrong group.Do jackdaws ditch them and start to hang out with individuals who are in the right group The jackdaws turned out to be very strategic,quickly learning to abandon friends from the other group so they could get the best rewards.However,they made an exception when it came to their close relations even if they got nothing. What we were able to do here was test the idea:can individuals keep track of the outcomes of past interactions and update their relationships It turns out they can.”
Thornton said jackdaws were an excellent subject matter as they were clever and had dynamic social networks.“You’ve got individuals coming and going so beyond their strong relationships,and they have lots of other associations.They are similar to human society.” Michael Kings,of the University of Exeter,said.“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence as they show that being able to track and remember information about social partners can bring benefits.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項研究寒鴉社交行為的科學實驗,科學家試圖通過寒鴉的行為邏輯更好地理解生物認知與智力進化。
1.Which of the following matters most for jackdaws according to the experiment
A.Their family. B.Avoiding going hungry.
C.Staying away from risks. D.Their friends.
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段“Blood may be thicker than water... they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.”可知,對寒鴉來說最重要的是他們的家庭,故選A項。
√
2.What can be learned about the jackdaws in the experiment
A.Jackdaws on their own got worms.
B.Jackdaws with their family got grain.
C.Jackdaws from the same group got worms.
D.Jackdaws from different groups got grain.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段“In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws...only if individuals from the same group (AA or BB) visited together.”可知,來自同一組的寒鴉得到了蟲子,故選C項。
√
3.What does the underlined word “ditch” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Reward. B.Abandon. C.Destroy. D.Believe.
解析　詞義猜測題。根據第三段畫線詞后“them and start to hang out with individuals who...from the other group so they could get the best rewards.”可知,此處問“寒鴉會拋棄它們,開始和正確群體里的個體交往嗎 ”此處的ditch意為“拋棄”,故選B項。
√
4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To encourage further research.
B.To give possible reasons for the results.
C.To explain the significance of the research.
D.To summarize the findings of the experiment.
解析　寫作目的題。根據最后一段中“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence...can bring benefits.(這些結果有助于我們理解智力的進化,因為它們表明能夠追蹤和記憶社交伙伴的信息可以帶來好處。)”可知,該段落的目的是解釋研究的意義,故選C項。
√
B
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink,St.Elmo’s Fire and Less Than Zero.But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and Walking with Sam (2021).In the new book,he looks back on an epic adventure,where he walked 500 miles across Spain’s Camino de Santiago with his 19-year-old son,Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship,as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son.Not just in the parent-child, dominant-submissive or unruly roles,but as adults,as equals,as peers (同齡人),” he said.“The Camino gave me the greatest luxury you have with adult children—which is time.” For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time with Sam,and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father.“My relationship with my dad ended pretty much when I left home at 17 years old,and I didn’t want that to happen with my kids,” McCarthy said.
The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino,with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail.It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship among the other walkers they encounter,and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a relationship,and there are lovely examples of both here.In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash,and offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment.“I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy writes. “He nods softly,gratefully.We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs (蒲公英) float in the air like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《與薩姆同行》這本書,書中演員兼獲獎旅行作家Andrew McCarthy講述了與他的兒子Sam一起徒步旅行的親身經歷,并試圖通過這次旅程探索父子關系的變化與深化。
5.What do we know about Walking with Sam according to paragraph 1
A.A fantasy novel.
B.A travel memoir.
C.A prize-winning diary entry.
D.An era-defining movie.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第一段可知,《與薩姆同行》這本書是由曾作為旅行作家獲獎的Andrew McCarthy所寫,內容應與旅行相關,可能是一本旅行回憶錄,故選B項。
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6.Why did McCarthy start the adventure
A.To honor his father.
B.To help his son fly the nest.
C.To bond with his son.
D.To seek for writing inspiration.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段可知,McCathy開始這段冒險是為了與他的兒子建立聯系,作為成年人、平等的伙伴來了解彼此,故選C項。
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7.McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by 　　　　.
A.comparison and contrast B.cause and effect
C.facts and opinions D.sequence of events
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino,with a chapter per day over the course.”可知,《與薩姆同行》一書按照他們在Camino de Santiago行走的路線編寫,每一天作為一個章節,這是按照事件發生的順序來展開敘述的,故選D項。
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8.What does the author think of Walking with Sam
A.Plain but functional.
B.Inspiring and touching.
C.Brief but informative.
D.Humorous and straightforward.
解析　推理判斷題。根據文章內容,特別是最后一段“Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.可知,作者認為這本書是鼓舞人心且感人的,故選B項。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小題1分,共15分)
A mother with cancer has been moved by the kindness of a stranger as she fights with the terrible disease.Jerina Edwards and her family were 　1　 at a Chinese restaurant when a customer offered to 　2　 their bill.
In a touching note written on the bill for the meal,the 　3　 explained the inspiration behind his Christmas kindness.The kind-hearted stranger who offered help 　4　 how his own life had been affected by cancer five years before.“I lost my 　5　 to cancer five years ago,” he 　6　 on the bill.“I know how 　7　 it can be going through this.My children lost their mother.Your meal is on me.”
Ms Edwards 　8　 the kind stranger alongside a photo of the bill posted on the Love What Matters website page.The widely-shared 　9　 has since been viewed more than 35,000 times.“We went out to eat last night at a little Chinese place after church.Right as we were getting ready to 　10　 our ticket,the waitress brought us this instead,” she said.“Someone in the restaurant had paid our bill and left us this 　11　.More than anything,having cancer has shown me that there are a lot of 　12　 people in this world and that I am 　13　 for my own family.”
Although her diagnosis (診斷) was not terminal (致命的),Ms Edwards said cancer had 　14　 her family and herself so much.“It has been hard,” she said.“I have fought;I have been sick;tears have been shed;I have missed out on things;I have lost my hair,but I will live.My parents will 　15　 have their daughter;my husband will have his wife;my children will still have their mother.” She ended her emotional post with a personal message to the stranger at the restaurant.“Whoever you are—thank you.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了身患癌癥的Jerina Edwards與家人外出就餐收到了陌生人請客的好意,這個經歷讓她深受感激。
1.A.resting B.chatting C.eating D.singing
解析　根據下文第二段中的“for the meal”可知,Jerina Edwards和她的家人正在一家中國餐廳就餐,故選C項。
2.A.pay B.see C.share D.check
解析　根據下文第三段中的“Someone in the restaurant had paid our bill”可知,一位顧客為她們一家付了賬,故選A項。
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3.A.boss B.teacher C.cook D.stranger
解析　根據上文“A mother with cancer has been moved by the kindness of a stranger”及下文“The kind-hearted stranger”及最后一段中的“the stranger at the restaurant”可知,這是位陌生人所做的善舉,故選D項。
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4.A.described B.reported C.repeated D.recorded
解析　根據上文“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,在那頓飯的賬單上寫著一段讓人感動的字。由此可知,那個好心的陌生人在賬單上描述了五年前他自己的生活如何受癌癥的影響,故選A項。
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5.A.wife B.child C.father D.parent
解析　根據下文“My children lost their mother.”可知,那個陌生人的孩子失去了他們的母親。由此可知,那個陌生人的妻子得癌癥,五年前離世了,故選A項。
6.A.improved B.focused C.wrote D.handed
解析　根據上文“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,那位陌生人在賬單上寫了他的事情,故選C項。
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7.A.easy B.favorable C.tough D.wonderful
解析　根據下文“My children lost their mother.”可知,那個陌生人的孩子失去了他們的母親。由此可知,當他看到Edwards女士時,他能夠感同身受,知道經歷這些會很艱難,故選C項。
8.A.thanked B.helped C.noticed D.misunderstood
解析　根據上文及下文最后一段中的“thank you”可知,那個陌生人為Edwards一家付了飯錢。由此可知,Edwards女士感謝了這位善良的陌生人,故選A項。
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9.A.photo B.book C.magazine D.post
解析　根據上文“a photo of the bill posted on the Love What Matters website page”、下文“viewed more than 35,000 times”及最后一段中的“She ended her emotional post”可知,發布的帖子已經被觀看超過35 000次,故選D項。
10.A.find out B.put away C.look for D.ask for
解析　根據語境可知,當Edwards女士正要準備買單時,女服務員卻拿了個便條給她,故選D項。
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11.A.note B.dish C.lesson D.tea
解析　根據上文第二段中的“In a touching note written on the bill for the meal”可知,飯店里有人為她們一家付了賬并留了一張字條,故選A項。
12.A.tall B.good C.young D.bad
解析　根據語境可知,Edwards女士說,最重要的是,得了癌癥讓她知道這個世界上有很多好人,故選B項。
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13.A.sorry B.grateful C.hateful D.concerned
解析　根據語境可知,她對她的家人也心存感激,故選B項。
14.A.left B.cost C.taught D.benefited
解析　根據上文可知,身患癌癥讓Edwards女士的家人和她自己都付出了巨大代價,故選B項。
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15.A.never B.then C.still D.hardly
解析　根據上文“but I will live”及下文“my husband will have his wife;my children will still have their mother”可知,此處指Edwards女士的父母仍會擁有他們的女兒,故選C項。
√
Thanks！
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束Part 3　Grammar——過去完成時
過去完成時 概念 表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態
構成 had+動詞的過去分詞
基本用法 表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束
表示從過去某一時間開始,一直持續到過去的另一時間的動作或狀態
表示從句的動作或狀態發生在主句的動作之前
表示過去本打算實現而未實現的愿望或計劃
特殊用法 常用于一些固定句型中
與一般過去 時的區別 一般過去時強調動作發生在過去,而過去完成時則強調動作在過去某時刻前已完成
與現在完成 時的區別　 現在完成時側重對現在產生的結果或影響;過去完成時不僅表示動作發生在過去,更強調“過去的過去”。
一、過去完成時的概念及構成
[先感知]
①At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.(外研選一U5)
那時,人們認為地球上所有的物種都是同時出現的,并且從那以后就沒有改變過。
②By this time,the fire had extended to the 15th floor.(譯林選二U1)
截至此時,火勢已蔓延到十六樓。
③We had finished our meal before we learnt we had just tasted haggis!(人教選二U3)
我們吃完飯后才知道剛才吃的是羊雜碎!
[會發現]　過去完成時的概念:過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態,即“過去的過去”。
過去完成時的構成:had+動詞的過去分詞。
[對點練]　單句語法填空
①Mr Smith died yesterday.He had been (be) a good friend of mine.
②His parents had gone (go) to bed when he came back home.
二、過去完成時的基本用法
基本用法1
[先感知]
①By the time of his death in 1884,he had made important discoveries about genetics.(外研選一U5)
到1884年他去世時,他已經在遺傳學方面有了重要的發現。
②He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.(譯林選二U1)
他經常去圖書館,學習英語和法律——那時他學的英語還很少。
③Before I went on the trip,I had studied the map carefully and marked the places on it.(譯林選二U1)
出發前,我仔細研究了地圖,并在上面標注了地點。
[會發現]　表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束,即“過去的過去”。
[明規則]　句中常有by,before等構成的表示過去時間的短語,也可用when,before,by the time等引導的時間狀語從句。
基本用法2
[先感知]
①Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t contacted for a long time.(譯林必一U3)
然后我接到了一個很久沒聯系的朋友的電話。
②At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.(外研選一U5)
那時,人們認為地球上所有的物種都是同時出現的,并且從那以后就沒有改變過。
[會發現]　表示從過去某一時間開始,一直持續到過去的另一時間的動作或狀態。
[明規則]　常與for,since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。
基本用法3
[先感知]
①The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato.(人教選二U3)
媒體報道說,這些公司把污染當作燙手山芋。
②Tim looked around the surroundings and felt that he had been there before.(譯林選二U1)
蒂姆環顧四周,覺得他以前去過那里。
[會發現]　表示從句的動作或狀態發生在主句的動作之前。
[明規則]　過去完成時常用于said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后面的賓語從句中。
基本用法4
[先感知]
①Mike had wanted to come to the lecture,but he changed his mind at the last minute.(譯林選二U1)
邁克本想來聽講座,但他在最后一刻改變了主意。
②I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.(人教選四U5)
我多希望當年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。
[會發現]　表示“愿望、打算”的動詞(如:hope,want,expect,think,mean,suppose,plan,intend等)用于過去完成時表示過去本打算實現而未實現的愿望或計劃。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①They had learned (learn) to sing ten English songs by the end of last term.
②That night,I looked through my father’s books and saw the cookbook that he had given(give) me a year before.
③Police asked passers by if they had seen(see) the accident.
④By about 6,000 BC,people had discovered(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
⑤My grandmother had studied English for three years when she was in college.
我祖母上大學時已經學了三年英語。
⑥I had meant/intended to tell Mike the good news,but I found that he wasn’t at home.
我本打算把這個好消息告訴邁克,但發現他不在家。
三、過去完成時的特殊用法
[先感知]
①We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
我們剛開始就被叫停。
②He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.
他剛離開房間,他們就開始談論起他來。
③When O’Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he had won it.(譯林選二U1)
1957年,奧尼爾獲得普利策戲劇獎,這是他第四次獲獎。
④Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like this,they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents,such as how to use mobile phones and go online on the computer.(譯林選二U1)
雖然這是許多學生第一次參加這樣的志愿者項目,但他們渴望與居民分享各種有趣的話題,例如如何使用手機和上網。
[會發現]　過去完成時也常用于一些固定句型中。
[明規則]　常見的固定句型有:hardly...when...(剛……就……),no sooner...than...(剛……就……),This/It was the first/second/...time+that從句(這是第一/第二/……次做某事)等。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①It was the first time that he had been (be) late for school.
②I had hardly opened the door when a cat rushed (rush) into my house.
③Hardly had I sorted out the papers on the desk when the manager called me.
我剛整理好桌子上的文件經理就給我打電話了。
④No sooner had they heard their head teacher’s voice than they ceased their talking.
他們一聽到班主任的聲音就停止了談話。
四、過去完成時與一般過去時的區別
[先感知]
①The chef had set up a farm to table restaurant before his new cookbook was published./A new farm to table restaurant had been set up by the chef before his new cookbook was published.(人教選二U3)
在這位廚師的新烹飪書出版之前,他已經開了一家從農場到餐桌的餐廳。
②Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little English,so he started to work hard at the language.(譯林選二U1)
普利策知道自己學的英語很少,所以他開始努力學習英語。
[會發現]　過去完成時和一般過去時都指動作發生在過去,但一般過去時強調動作發生在過去,而過去完成時則強調動作在過去某時刻前已完成。
五、過去完成時與現在完成時的區別
[先感知]
①For many of us,it’s something we already have experienced.(外研選四U1)
對于我們許多人來說,都有過這樣的經歷。
②Many of the best reporters had worked for his paper before its failure in 1931.(譯林選二U1)
在 1931 年該報社倒閉之前,許多最優秀的記者都曾為他工作過。
③I have seen the movie twice so far.
到目前為止,這部電影我已看過兩遍了。
④I had seen the movie twice till then.
到那時為止,這部電影我已看過兩遍了。
[會發現]　現在完成時以現在的時間為基點,表示的動作雖然發生在過去,但側重對現在產生的結果或影響;過去完成時則是一個相對的時態,它以過去時間為基點,不僅表示動作發生在過去,更強調“過去的過去”,通常只有和過去某時或某動作相比較時,才用到該時態。
[名師指津]　
(1)by the time+一般過去時,主句一般用過去完成時。by the time+一般現在時,主句一般用將來時或將來完成時。
①By the time he was 25,Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher.(譯林選二U1)
25歲時,普利策已經成為一名記者和出版人。
②I will have finished the work by the time my father comes back.
到我父親回來時,我將已完成工作。
(2)如果時間狀語從句中的動作發生在主句之前,則從句用過去完成時,主句用一般過去時。
After I had finished reading the novel,I went to bed.
我讀完了這部小說之后才上床睡覺。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①You didn’t let me drive.If we had driven (drive) in turn,you wouldn’t have been so tired.
②This device operated well as though it had been repaired (repair).
③Funnily enough,I met her only yesterday.
說來也巧,昨天我剛碰見了她。
④So far,so good.I have got two A’s and one B in my exams.
迄今為止,一切順利。我的考試兩門得A,一門得B。
[基礎語境練]
維度一　基礎填空題(選詞填空)(每小題1分,共7分)
write,sell,wear,give,begin,meet,fool
1.He gave us clear instructions so that we’d be safe when playing sports.
2.When I got to the cinema,all the tickets had been/were sold out.
3.John said he had worn the coat before.
4.Lily has written five letters to her friends since last month.
5.Peter and I hadn’t met each other before he arrived at the airport.
6.This morning I had hardly got to my school when it began to rain.
7.There was nobody at school and I realized I had been fooled by my classmates.
維度二　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.Hardly had I got (get) into the room when it began to rain.
2.It was the last time that he had lost (lose) the match between us.
3.He had shaved (shave) his face before he went for the interview.
4.He told us that he had had (have) it for a very long time when he sold his guitar.
5.Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa had brought (bring) home.
6.She had asked (ask) him a question about history and was now staring at him with big brown eyes,waiting for an answer.
7.The bill he had opposed (oppose) since he took office was eventually passed,resulting in more young men being recruited into the army.
8.By the end of the expedition,we had climbed (climb) 12 mountains,watched 108 nest boxes,tagged 35 mammals,banded 74 birds and measured more than a thousand trees.
9.The sun had sunk (sink) in the west before their crops were harvested.
10.She had found (find) a young owl on the ground before I arrived.
維度三　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共16分)
1.I had (just) given first aid to the injured when the ambulance arrived.
我剛對傷者進行了急救,這時救護車就來了。
2.By the time Jack returned home from England,his son had graduated from college.
杰克從英國回到家時,他的兒子已經大學畢業了。
3.No sooner had I turned round/around to go downstairs than I heard the phone ring.
我剛轉身要下樓,電話鈴就響了。
4.The little girl was anxious and began to tremble.After all,it was the first time that she had been on the stage.
小女孩很著急,開始發抖。畢竟,這是她第一次登上舞臺。
5.Mac had never seen a more frightening creature than this wolf,so he held his breath,not daring to make a movement.
馬克從未見過比這只狼更可怕的動物,因此他屏住呼吸,不敢挪動一步。
6.The operator told us that although the old machine had been in operation for more than ten years,it still operated very well.
操作員告訴我們,盡管這臺老機器已經運行了十多年,但它仍然運轉得很好。
7.Previously,water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists,many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
以往,漓江的水質因游客量的增長遭到了嚴重破壞,一些游客頻繁地將垃圾投入江中。
8.He had already obtained a position in a new company before he received an offer letter from Huawei.
在收到華為的錄用信之前,他已經在一家新公司獲得了一個職位。
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題2分,共16分)
根據漢語提示完成語段
My old friend,Harrison,1.had lived in the town for many years (在那個鎮住過很多年) before he returned to England.He 2.often had dreamed of retiring in England (常夢想著在英國退休) and had planned to settle down in the country.He 3.had no sooner returned than he bought a house (一回來就買了一所房子) and went to live there.Almost immediately he 4.began to complain about the weather (開始抱怨天氣),for even though it was still summer,it 5.rained continually (不停地下雨) and it was often bitterly cold.After so many years of sunshine,Harrison got a shock.He acted as if 6.he had never lived in England before (從未在英國住過).In the end,it was more than he could bear.He 7.hardly had had time to settle down when (還沒等安頓下來就) he sold the house and left the country.The dream he had had for so many years ended there.Harrison 8.had thought of everything (什么都考慮到了) except the weather.
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
In an era dominated by texting and messaging apps,phone calls seem to become a relic (遺物) of the past among younger generations,Gen Z in particular.A recent survey shows that a quarter of 18 to 24 year olds refuse to pick up the phone,and over half ignore calls from their parents.Why do we find phone calls so awkward,and is avoiding them damaging our relationships
The avoidance of phone calls isn’t just a preference;it’s a display of anxiety.Phone conversations can be awkward due to the lack of non verbal clues.In face to face interactions,we rely heavily on gestures,facial expressions,and body language to interpret messages,which are absent in phone conversations.This can lead to misunderstandings and a feeling of disconnect.Additionally,the pressure to respond immediately without enough time to think,as afforded by messaging apps,can increase the anxiety associated with phone calls.
Despite the discomfort they may cause,phone conversations are an important skill.In the professional world,the ability to communicate effectively over the phone remains a critical skill.As I emphasize in my teachings and workshops,clear,confident,and real life communication can significantly impact personal and professional success.Therefore,it’s crucial for younger generations,including Gen Z,to learn how to communicate well with others over the phone,not just for professional success but also for developing personal relationships.
Relying merely on messaging apps can have harmful effects on Gen Z’s well being and relationships.The survey indicates a growing discomfort with direct voice communication can lead to a lack of deeper,empathetic (共情的) connections.This can potentially impact their ability to form meaningful relationships and deal with situations where direct communication like phone calls is momentous.
Moreover,as I advocate in my approach to public speaking,including emotional elements into communication enhances memorability (值得記憶) and impact.Phone conversations,with their immediate and personal nature,can develop a deeper emotional connection than text based communication.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了在現代通訊工具日益發達的背景下,年輕一代對于電話溝通的態度和這種態度可能產生的影響,以及作者對電話溝通重要性的認識。
1.What can we know from paragraph 2
A.Why people are making fewer phone calls.
B.How young men respond to phone calls.
C.What impact can phone calls have.
D.How much further phone calls go.
答案　A　[推理判斷題。第二段“Phone conversations can be awkward due to...increase the anxiety associated with phone calls.”可知,此段主要分析了人們打電話越來越少的原因,所以從本段可以知道為什么人們打電話越來越少,故選A項。]
2.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.Future success is mainly based on phone talks.
B.It’s vital to acquire the art of phone conversation.
C.Learning how to communicate is the focus.
D.Much remains to be done for better personal skills.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據第三段“Therefore,it’s crucial for...for developing personal relationships.”可知,作者認為掌握電話交談的技巧對事業成功和發展人際關系都至關重要,因此作者可能會同意“掌握電話交談的技巧至關重要”這一說法,故選B項。]
3.What does the underlined word “momentous” mean in paragraph 4
A.Obvious. B.Important.
C.Missing. D.Temporary.
答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據前文“Relying merely on messaging apps can...lack of deeper,empathetic (共情的) connections.”可知,作者認為Z世代對應用程序的依賴可能會影響他們建立有意義的人際關系和對如打電話一樣重要的直接溝通情境的應對處理能力,可推知momentous意為“重要的”,故選B項。]
4.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An interview. B.A book review.
C.A lecture. D.A diary entry.
答案　C　[文章出處題。根據第三段“As I emphasize in my teachings and workshops...impact personal and professional success.”以及最后一段“Moreover,as I advocate in my approach...communication enhances memorability (值得記憶) and impact.”可知,文章多處提到了作者的教學和研討會,表明文章很可能來自作者的演講,故選C項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
How to Tolerate Those You Have
A Personality Conflict with
Living or working with people who have very different personalities or beliefs from you can present challenges.　1　 Here are some strategics to help you navigate these difficult interactions and maintain healthy relationships and a harmonious environment.
　2　 In many cases,a personality conflict arises because of expectations,differences of opinion,or some other underlying issues.Consider if you’ve had a bad experience with the person,or if you’re relying on rumors (謠言) or someone else’s conflict to inform your opinion on the person.Figuring out the roots may help you realize that your conflict is foolish.
Get to know the person.Every person has their own perspectives that are formed based on their experiences.Consider where this person is coming from through his or her behaviors.　3　 Acknowledging that his or her perspectives differ from yours can help you to give the person a chance.
Identify the virtues in the person.Holding on to negative thoughts and attitudes about another person is draining (使心力交瘁的).　4　 Learn to see the positive in any person.Even the worst person has good qualities.It might take some time to recognize them,but being able to see the positive traits in a person can help you to shift your relationship with him or her.
Limit interactions with the person.If you genuinely find it challenging to put up with someone,minimize interactions with him or her.There are different ways to achieve it.For example,if you are at social settings,don’t sit near him or her or move if he or she is close to you.Nevertheless,sometimes you have to engage with the person either professionally or personally.　5　
A.Let go of your expectations.
B.You are ultimately the judge of your situation.
C.Determine the source of your conflict with the person.
D.When you constantly harbor them,they can become stronger.
E.Should this occur,remember to keep the contact civil and polite.
F.Relevant context information can help you accept the person as he or she is.
G.However,learning to tolerate and manage these differences is mentally crucial.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何容忍與你性格有沖突的人并與其和諧共處提出了一些建議。
1.G　[上文提到與個性或信仰與你截然不同的人一起生活或工作可能會帶來挑戰,下文提到有一些策略可以解決這個問題,空處應該承上啟下,指出學會應對這種挑戰的重要性。G項(然而,學會容忍和管理這些差異在心理上是至關重要的。)符合語境,故選G項。]
2.C　[空處為段落主題句。本段建議找出沖突的根源。C項(確定你與對方沖突的根源。)符合語境。C項中的“source”和下文中的“roots”對應,故選C項。]
3.F　[上文提到要考慮這個人的經歷和行為,而F項中的“Relevant context information”指的是與這個人相關的背景信息,這些信息可以幫助你接受他或她原本的樣子,故選F項。]
4.D　[上文提到堅持對另一個人的消極想法和態度是消耗精力的,而下文則提到學會看到任何人的積極面,因此可以推斷出空處需要一個過渡句。D項(當你不斷保持這些消極想法時,其影響會更強)符合語境,D項中的“them”指代上文中的“negative thoughts and attitudes”,故選D項。]
5.E　[上文提到有時候不得不與這個人進行專業或個人交流。E項(如果發生這種情況,記得要保持文明和禮貌的交流。)承接上文,故選E項。]
Ⅲ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
As 1.　　　　　　　　 educator,people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.My answer is 2.　　　　　　 I look at their body language so that I can judge what they are thinking about.It is easy for me 3.　　　　　　 (recognise) when students are interested in a lesson.People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head 4.　　　　　　 (lower) to look at his watch,it implies that he is bored and just 5.　　　　　　 (count) the minutes for the class to end.Sometimes some students are amused by something else.They occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling,6.　　　　　　 their chins on their hands.So the main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.
Though it is easy to perceive students are interested,bored,or distracted,sometimes it is much 7.　　　　　　 (hard) to distinguish when students are 8.　　　　　　 (trouble).For example,there are deep 9.　　　　　　 (issue) at work if a student doesn’t spend time and energy brushing their hair.Ultimately,my duty is helping every student to learn.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students 10.　　　　　　 (individual).
Reacting,to body language is an important component of being a teacher.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從作者作為一位老師的角度出發,介紹了如何通過學生的肢體語言及時了解他們上課的狀態及調整教學的方法。
1.an　[考查冠詞。句意:作為一名教育者,人們經常問我如何了解學生們的心理狀態。此處泛指“一個教育者”,且空后為元音音素開始的單詞,故填an。]
2.that　[考查表語從句。句意:我的回答是我通過觀察他們的肢體語言來判斷他們在想什么。空處引導表語從句,從句中不缺成分,句意完整,故填that。]
3.to recognize　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:對我來說,識別學生何時對課程感興趣是很簡單的。本題考查固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb to do sth”,其中it為形式主語,動詞不定式為真正的主語,故填to recognize。]
4.lowered　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:如果一個學生低頭看表,這意味著這個學生感到無聊,并且只是在計算下課的時間。句中的has為使役動詞,所以空處需要非謂語動詞作賓語補足語,該動詞和賓語his head之間為被動關系,故填lowered。]
5.counting　[考查動詞的時態。句意同上。根據空前的is可知,句子為現在進行時態,表示“在上課的時候計算時間”,故填counting。]
6.with　[考查介詞。句意:他們會盯著窗外或者天花板出神,雙手托著下巴?？仗幮枰樵~,構成介詞短語,表示伴隨的狀況,在句中作狀語,故填with。]
7.harder　[考查形容詞比較級。句意:有時候,辨別學生是否遇到麻煩要困難得多。根據空前的much可知,此處表示比較,意為“辨別學生是否遇到麻煩要困難得多”,故填harder。]
8.troubled　[考查詞性轉換。句意同上。此處表示學生們遇到麻煩的狀態,用形容詞troubled,意為“苦惱的”,故填are troubled。]
9.issues　[考查名詞的數。句意:如果一個學生不花時間和精力打理自己的頭發,那么背后可能有深層次的問題。issue為可數名詞“問題”,根據空前的are可知,空處需要名詞的復數形式,故填issues。]
10.individually　[考查詞性轉換。句意:他們的肢體語言讓我知道什么時候該調整課堂活動,什么時候該進行干預,以及什么時候該單獨與學生交談?？仗幮枰痹~修飾動詞talk作狀語,故填individually。](共64張PPT)
Part 3　Grammar——過去完成時
內
容
索
引
課時測評作業
Part 3　Grammar——過去完成時
語法圖解
要點詮釋
Part 3　Grammar——過去完成時
過 去 完 成 時 概念 表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態
構成 had+動詞的過去分詞
基本用法 表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束
表示從過去某一時間開始,一直持續到過去的另一時間的動作或狀態
表示從句的動作或狀態發生在主句的動作之前
表示過去本打算實現而未實現的愿望或計劃
特殊用法 常用于一些固定句型中
與一般過去 時的區別 一般過去時強調動作發生在過去,而過去完成時則強調動作在過去某時刻前已完成
與現在完成 時的區別　 現在完成時側重對現在產生的結果或影響;過去完成時不僅表示動作發生在過去,更強調“過去的過去”。
一、過去完成時的概念及構成
[先感知]
①At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.(外研選一U5)
那時,人們認為地球上所有的物種都是同時出現的,并且從那以后就沒有改變過。
②By this time,the fire had extended to the 15th floor.(譯林選二U1)
截至此時,火勢已蔓延到十六樓。
③We had finished our meal before we learnt we had just tasted haggis!(人教選二U3)
我們吃完飯后才知道剛才吃的是羊雜碎!
[會發現]　過去完成時的概念:過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態,即“　　　　　　　　”。
過去完成時的構成:　　　　　　　　　　　　　。
過去的過去
had+動詞的過去分詞
[對點練]　單句語法填空
①Mr Smith died yesterday.He 　　　　　　 (be) a good friend of mine.
②His parents 　　　　　　(go) to bed when he came back home.
had been
had gone
二、過去完成時的基本用法
基本用法1
[先感知]
①By the time of his death in 1884,he had made important discoveries about genetics.(外研選一U5)
到1884年他去世時,他已經在遺傳學方面有了重要的發現。
②He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.(譯林選二U1)
他經常去圖書館,學習英語和法律——那時他學的英語還很少。
③Before I went on the trip,I had studied the map carefully and marked the places on it.(譯林選二U1)
出發前,我仔細研究了地圖,并在上面標注了地點。
[會發現]　表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前　　　　　　　　　　,即“過去的過去”。
[明規則]　句中常有by,before等構成的表示過去時間的短語,也可用when,before,by the time等引導的時間狀語從句。
已經完成或結束
基本用法2
[先感知]
①Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t contacted for a long time.(譯林必一U3)
然后我接到了一個很久沒聯系的朋友的電話。
②At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.(外研選一U5)
那時,人們認為地球上所有的物種都是同時出現的,并且從那以后就沒有改變過。
[會發現]　表示從過去某一時間開始,一直持續到　　　　的另一時間的動作或狀態。
[明規則]　常與for,since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。
過去
基本用法3
[先感知]
①The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato.(人教選二U3)
媒體報道說,這些公司把污染當作燙手山芋。
②Tim looked around the surroundings and felt that he had been there before.(譯林選二U1)
蒂姆環顧四周,覺得他以前去過那里。
[會發現]　表示從句的動作或狀態發生在　　　　的動作之前。
[明規則]　過去完成時常用于said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后面的賓語從句中。
主句
基本用法4
[先感知]
①Mike had wanted to come to the lecture,but he changed his mind at the last minute.(譯林選二U1)
邁克本想來聽講座,但他在最后一刻改變了主意。
②I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.
(人教選四U5)
我多希望當年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。
[會發現]　表示“愿望、打算”的動詞(如:hope,want,expect,think, mean,suppose,plan,intend等)用于過去完成時表示 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①They 　　　　　　(learn) to sing ten English songs by the end of last term.
②That night,I looked through my father’s books and saw the cookbook that he 　　　　　　(give) me a year before.
過去本打算實現而未實現的愿望或計劃
had learned
had given
③Police asked passers-by if they 　　　　　　　 (see) the accident.
④By about 6,000 BC,people 　　　　　　　　　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
⑤My grandmother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
when she was in college.
我祖母上大學時已經學了三年英語。
⑥I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 , but I found that he wasn’t at home.
我本打算把這個好消息告訴邁克,但發現他不在家。
had seen
had discovered
had studied English for three years
had meant/intended to tell Mike the good news
三、過去完成時的特殊用法
[先感知]
①We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
我們剛開始就被叫停。
②He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.
他剛離開房間,他們就開始談論起他來。
③When O’Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he had won it.(譯林選二U1)
1957年,奧尼爾獲得普利策戲劇獎,這是他第四次獲獎。
④Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like this,they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents,such as how to use mobile phones and go online on the computer.(譯林選二U1)
雖然這是許多學生第一次參加這樣的志愿者項目,但他們渴望與居民分享各種有趣的話題,例如如何使用手機和上網。
[會發現]　過去完成時也常用于一些　　　　　　　　　　中。
固定句型
[明規則]　常見的固定句型有:hardly...when...(剛……就……),no sooner...than...(剛……就……),This/It was the first/second/...time+that從句(這是第一/第二/……次做某事)等。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①It was the first time that he 　　　　　　　 (be) late for school.
②I had hardly opened the door when a cat 　　　　　　(rush) into my house.
had been
rushed
③Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the manager called me.
我剛整理好桌子上的文件經理就給我打電話了。
④No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
they ceased their talking.
他們一聽到班主任的聲音就停止了談話。
had I sorted out the papers on the desk when
had they heard their head teacher’s voice than
四、過去完成時與一般過去時的區別
[先感知]
①The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published./A new farm-to-table restaurant had been set up by the chef before his new cookbook was published.(人教選二U3)
在這位廚師的新烹飪書出版之前,他已經開了一家從農場到餐桌的餐廳。
②Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little English,so he started to work hard at the language.(譯林選二U1)
普利策知道自己學的英語很少,所以他開始努力學習英語。
[會發現]　過去完成時和一般過去時都指動作發生在　　　　,但一般過去時強調動作發生在過去,而過去完成時則強調動作在過去某時刻前已完成。
過去
五、過去完成時與現在完成時的區別
[先感知]
①For many of us,it’s something we already have experienced.
(外研選四U1)
對于我們許多人來說,都有過這樣的經歷。
②Many of the best reporters had worked for his paper before its failure in 1931.(譯林選二U1)
在 1931 年該報社倒閉之前,許多最優秀的記者都曾為他工作過。
③I have seen the movie twice so far.
到目前為止,這部電影我已看過兩遍了。
④I had seen the movie twice till then.
到那時為止,這部電影我已看過兩遍了。
[會發現]　現在完成時以現在的時間為基點,表示的動作雖然發生在過去,但側重對　　　　產生的結果或影響;過去完成時則是一個相對的時態,它以過去時間為基點,不僅表示動作發生在過去,更強調“過去的過去”,通常只有和過去某時或某動作相比較時,才用到該時態。
現在
[名師指津]　
(1)by the time+一般過去時,主句一般用過去完成時。by the time+一般現在時,主句一般用將來時或將來完成時。
①By the time he was 25,Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher.(譯林選二U1)
25歲時,普利策已經成為一名記者和出版人。
②I will have finished the work by the time my father comes back.
到我父親回來時,我將已完成工作。
(2)如果時間狀語從句中的動作發生在主句之前,則從句用過去完成時,主句用一般過去時。
After I had finished reading the novel,I went to bed.我讀完了這部小說之后才上床睡覺。
[對點練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①You didn’t let me drive.If we 　　　　　　 (drive) in turn,you wouldn’t have been so tired.
②This device operated well as though it 　　　　　　　　　(repair).
③Funnily enough,　　　　　　　　 only yesterday.
說來也巧,昨天我剛碰見了她。
④So far,so good.I 　　　　　　　　　　 and one B in my exams.
迄今為止,一切順利。我的考試兩門得A,一門得B。
had driven
had been repaired
I met her
have got two A’s
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
[基礎語境練]
維度一　基礎填空題(選詞填空)(每小題1分,共7分)
write,sell,wear,give,begin,meet,fool
1.He 　　　　　　　　　us clear instructions so that we’d be safe when playing sports.
2.When I got to the cinema,all the tickets 　　　　　　　　　 out.
3.John said he 　　　　　　　　　the coat before.
4.Lily 　　　　　　　　 five letters to her friends since last month.
gave
had been/were sold
had worn
has written
5.Peter and I 　　　　　　　　　 each other before he arrived at the airport.
6.This morning I had hardly got to my school when it _____________
to rain.
7.There was nobody at school and I realized I ____________________
by my classmates.
hadn’t met
began
had been fooled
維度二　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.Hardly 　　　　　　　　I 　　　　　　　　　 (get) into the room when it began to rain.
2.It was the last time that he 　　　　　　　　 (lose) the match between us.
3.He 　　　　　　　　　(shave) his face before he went for the interview.
had
got
had lost
had shaved
4.He told us that he 　　　　　　　　　(have) it for a very long time when he sold his guitar.
5.Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa 　　　　　　　　 (bring) home.
6.She 　　　　　　　　(ask) him a question about history and was now staring at him with big brown eyes,waiting for an answer.
7.The bill he 　　　　　　　　(oppose) since he took office was eventually passed,resulting in more young men being recruited into the army.
had had
had brought
had asked
had opposed
8.By the end of the expedition,we 　　　　　　　　　　 (climb) 12 mountains,watched 108 nest boxes,tagged 35 mammals,banded 74 birds and measured more than a thousand trees.
9.The sun 　　　　　　　　(sink) in the west before their crops were harvested.
10.She 　　　　　　　　　(find) a young owl on the ground before I arrived.
had climbed
had sunk
had found
維度三　語法與寫作(每小題2分,16分)
1.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 when the ambulance arrived.
我剛對傷者進行了急救,這時救護車就來了。
2.By the time Jack 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 from England,his son 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
杰克從英國回到家時,他的兒子已經大學畢業了。
had (just) given first aid to the injured
returned home
had graduated from college
3.No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
than I heard the phone ring.
我剛轉身要下樓,電話鈴就響了。
4.The little girl was anxious and began to tremble.After all,it was the first time that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
小女孩很著急,開始發抖。畢竟,這是她第一次登上舞臺。
5.Mac 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
than this wolf,so he held his breath,not daring to make a movement.
馬克從未見過比這只狼更可怕的動物,因此他屏住呼吸,不敢挪動一步。
had I turned round/around to go downstairs
she had been on the stage
had never seen a more frightening creature
6.The operator told us that although the old machine
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for more than ten years,it still
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
操作員告訴我們,盡管這臺老機器已經運行了十多年,但它仍然運轉得很好。
had been in operation
operated very well
7.Previously,water quality in the Li River 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
以往,漓江的水質因游客量的增長遭到了嚴重破壞,一些游客頻繁地將垃圾投入江中。
8.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in a new company before he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 from Huawei.
在收到華為的錄用信之前,他已經在一家新公司獲得了一個職位。
had suffered greatly
from an increasing volume of tourists
had already obtained a position
received an offer letter
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題2分,共16分)
My old friend,Harrison,1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(在那個鎮住過很多年) before he returned to England.He 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(常夢想著在英國退休) and had planned to settle down in the country.
He 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(一回來就買了一所房子) and went to live there.Almost immediately he 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (開始抱怨天氣),
had lived in the town for many years
often had dreamed of retiring in England
had no sooner returned than he bought a house
began to complain about the weather
for even though it was still summer,it 5.　　　　　　　　　　　
(不停地下雨) and it was often bitterly cold.After so many years of sunshine,Harrison got a shock.He acted as if 6.　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 (從未在英國住過). In the end,it was more than he could bear.He 7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(還沒等安頓下來就) he sold the house and left the country.The dream he had had for so many years ended there.Harrison 8.　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 (什么都考慮到了) except the weather.
rained continually
he had never lived
in England before
hardly had had time to settle down when
had thought
of everything
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
In an era dominated by texting and messaging apps,phone calls seem to become a relic (遺物) of the past among younger generations, Gen Z in particular.A recent survey shows that a quarter of 18 to 24-year-olds refuse to pick up the phone,and over half ignore calls from their parents.Why do we find phone calls so awkward,and is avoiding them damaging our relationships
The avoidance of phone calls isn’t just a preference;it’s a display of anxiety.Phone conversations can be awkward due to the lack of non-verbal clues.In face-to-face interactions,we rely heavily on gestures,facial expressions,and body language to interpret messages, which are absent in phone conversations.This can lead to misunderstandings and a feeling of disconnect.Additionally,the pressure to respond immediately without enough time to think,as afforded by messaging apps,can increase the anxiety associated with phone calls.
Despite the discomfort they may cause,phone conversations are an important skill.In the professional world,the ability to communicate effectively over the phone remains a critical skill.As I emphasize in my teachings and workshops,clear,confident,and real-life communication can significantly impact personal and professional success.Therefore,it’s crucial for younger generations,including Gen Z,to learn how to communicate well with others over the phone,not just for professional success but also for developing personal relationships.
Relying merely on messaging apps can have harmful effects on Gen Z’s well-being and relationships.The survey indicates a growing discomfort with direct voice communication can lead to a lack of deeper,empathetic (共情的) connections.This can potentially impact their ability to form meaningful relationships and deal with situations where direct communication like phone calls is momentous.
Moreover,as I advocate in my approach to public speaking, including emotional elements into communication enhances memorability (值得記憶) and impact.Phone conversations,with their immediate and personal nature,can develop a deeper emotional connection than text-based communication.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了在現代通訊工具日益發達的背景下,年輕一代對于電話溝通的態度和這種態度可能產生的影響,以及作者對電話溝通重要性的認識。
1.What can we know from paragraph 2
A.Why people are making fewer phone calls.
B.How young men respond to phone calls.
C.What impact can phone calls have.
D.How much further phone calls go.
解析　推理判斷題。第二段“Phone conversations can be awkward due to...increase the anxiety associated with phone calls.”可知,此段主要分析了人們打電話越來越少的原因,所以從本段可以知道為什么人們打電話越來越少,故選A項。
√
2.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.Future success is mainly based on phone talks.
B.It’s vital to acquire the art of phone conversation.
C.Learning how to communicate is the focus.
D.Much remains to be done for better personal skills.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段“Therefore,it’s crucial for...for developing personal relationships.”可知,作者認為掌握電話交談的技巧對事業成功和發展人際關系都至關重要,因此作者可能會同意“掌握電話交談的技巧至關重要”這一說法,故選B項。
√
3.What does the underlined word “momentous” mean in paragraph 4
A.Obvious. B.Important.
C.Missing. D.Temporary.
解析　詞義猜測題。根據前文“Relying merely on messaging apps can...lack of deeper,empathetic (共情的) connections.”可知,作者認為Z世代對應用程序的依賴可能會影響他們建立有意義的人際關系和對如打電話一樣重要的直接溝通情境的應對處理能力,可推知momentous意為“重要的”,故選B項。
√
4.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An interview. B.A book review.
C.A lecture. D.A diary entry.
解析　文章出處題。根據第三段“As I emphasize in my teachings and workshops...impact personal and professional success.”以及最后一段“Moreover,as I advocate in my approach...communication enhances memorability (值得記憶) and impact.”可知,文章多處提到了作者的教學和研討會,表明文章很可能來自作者的演講,故選C項。
√
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
How to Tolerate Those You Have
A Personality Conflict with
Living or working with people who have very different personalities or beliefs from you can present challenges.　1　 Here are some strategics to help you navigate these difficult interactions and maintain healthy relationships and a harmonious environment.
　2　 In many cases,a personality conflict arises because of expectations,differences of opinion,or some other underlying issues.Consider if you’ve had a bad experience with the person,or if you’re relying on rumors (謠言) or someone else’s conflict to inform your opinion on the person.Figuring out the roots may help you realize that your conflict is foolish.
Get to know the person.Every person has their own perspectives that are formed based on their experiences.Consider where this person is coming from through his or her behaviors.　3　 Acknowledging that his or her perspectives differ from yours can help you to give the person a chance.
Identify the virtues in the person.Holding on to negative thoughts and attitudes about another person is draining (使心力交瘁的).　4　 Learn to see the positive in any person.Even the worst person has good qualities.It might take some time to recognize them,but being able to see the positive traits in a person can help you to shift your relationship with him or her.
Limit interactions with the person.If you genuinely find it challenging to put up with someone,minimize interactions with him or her.There are different ways to achieve it.For example,if you are at social settings,don’t sit near him or her or move if he or she is close to you.Nevertheless,sometimes you have to engage with the person either professionally or personally.　5　
A.Let go of your expectations.
B.You are ultimately the judge of your situation.
C.Determine the source of your conflict with the person.
D.When you constantly harbor them,they can become stronger.
E.Should this occur,remember to keep the contact civil and polite.
F.Relevant context information can help you accept the person as he or she is.
G.However,learning to tolerate and manage these differences is mentally crucial.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何容忍與你性格有沖突的人并與其和諧共處提出了一些建議。
1.G　[上文提到與個性或信仰與你截然不同的人一起生活或工作可能會帶來挑戰,下文提到有一些策略可以解決這個問題,空處應該承上啟下,指出學會應對這種挑戰的重要性。G項(然而,學會容忍和管理這些差異在心理上是至關重要的。)符合語境,故選G項。]
2.C　[空處為段落主題句。本段建議找出沖突的根源。C項(確定你與對方沖突的根源。)符合語境。C項中的“source”和下文中的“roots”對應,故選C項。]
3.F　[上文提到要考慮這個人的經歷和行為,而F項中的“Relevant context information”指的是與這個人相關的背景信息,這些信息可以幫助你接受他或她原本的樣子,故選F項。]
4.D　[上文提到堅持對另一個人的消極想法和態度是消耗精力的,而下文則提到學會看到任何人的積極面,因此可以推斷出空處需要一個過渡句。D項(當你不斷保持這些消極想法時,其影響會更強)符合語境,D項中的“them”指代上文中的“negative thoughts and attitudes”,故選D項。]
5.E　[上文提到有時候不得不與這個人進行專業或個人交流。E項(如果發生這種情況,記得要保持文明和禮貌的交流。)承接上文,故選E項。]
Ⅲ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
As 1.　　　　　 educator,people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.My answer is 2.　　　　　　 I look at their body language so that I can judge what they are thinking about.It is easy for me 3.　　　　　　 (recognise) when students are interested in a lesson.People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head 4.　　　　　 (lower) to look at his watch,it implies that he is bored and just 5.　　　 (count)
the minutes for the class to end.Sometimes some students are amused by something else.They occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling,6.　　　　　　 their chins on their hands.So the main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.
Though it is easy to perceive students are interested,bored,or distracted,sometimes it is much 7.　　　　　　 (hard) to distinguish when students are 8.　　　　　　 (trouble).For example,there are
deep 9.　　　　　　　　 (issue) at work if a student doesn’t spend time and energy brushing their hair.Ultimately,my duty is helping every student to learn.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students 10.　　　　　　 (individual).
Reacting,to body language is an important component of being a teacher.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從作者作為一位老師的角度出發,介紹了如何通過學生的肢體語言及時了解他們上課的狀態及調整教學的方法。
1.an　[考查冠詞。句意:作為一名教育者,人們經常問我如何了解學生們的心理狀態。此處泛指“一個教育者”,且空后為元音音素開始的單詞,故填an。]
2.that　[考查表語從句。句意:我的回答是我通過觀察他們的肢體語言來判斷他們在想什么?？仗幰龑П碚Z從句,從句中不缺成分,句意完整,故填that。]
3.to recognize　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:對我來說,識別學生何時對課程感興趣是很簡單的。本題考查固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb to do sth”,其中it為形式主語,動詞不定式為真正的主語,故填to recognize。]
4.lowered　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:如果一個學生低頭看表,這意味著這個學生感到無聊,并且只是在計算下課的時間。句中的has為使役動詞,所以空處需要非謂語動詞作賓語補足語,該動詞和賓語his head之間為被動關系,故填lowered。]
5.counting　[考查動詞的時態。句意同上。根據空前的is可知,句子為現在進行時態,表示“在上課的時候計算時間”,故填counting。]
6.with　[考查介詞。句意:他們會盯著窗外或者天花板出神,雙手托著下巴?？仗幮枰樵~,構成介詞短語,表示伴隨的狀況,在句中作狀語,故填with。]
7.harder　[考查形容詞比較級。句意:有時候,辨別學生是否遇到麻煩要困難得多。根據空前的much可知,此處表示比較,意為“辨別學生是否遇到麻煩要困難得多”,故填harder。]
8.troubled　[考查詞性轉換。句意同上。此處表示學生們遇到麻煩的狀態,用形容詞troubled,意為“苦惱的”,故填are troubled。]
9.issues　[考查名詞的數。句意:如果一個學生不花時間和精力打理自己的頭發,那么背后可能有深層次的問題。issue為可數名詞“問題”,根據空前的are可知,空處需要名詞的復數形式,故填issues。]
10.individually　[考查詞性轉換。句意:他們的肢體語言讓我知道什么時候該調整課堂活動,什么時候該進行干預,以及什么時候該單獨與學生交談。空處需要副詞修飾動詞talk作狀語,故填individually。]

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