資源簡介

Part 1　Reading Comprehension
Step One:Pre reading
According to the title,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
The passage is mainly about an ex millionaire called Jason Harley who chose to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and give away all his money to charities.
Step Two:While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Angela Johnson wanted to find out whether money was a symbol of success.
B.Angela Johnson wondered what other forms of success could be found.
C.Jason Harley,a millionaire,was tired of living a rich and fulfilled life.
D.Jason Harley,an ex millionaire,was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.
答案　D
2.Read the passage and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (para.1)　 A.Jason Harley’s attitude to the change.
Part 2 (para.2) 　B.The reason for Jason Harley’s change.
Part 3 (para.3) 　C.Jason Harley’s feelings after the change.
Part 4 (para.4) 　D.The change of Jason Harley’s lifestyle.
Part 5(paras.5 & 6) 　 E.Different attitudes
towards money.
答案　Part 1 E　Part 2 D　Part 3 A　Part 4 B　Part 5 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Who Jason,a college ①professor with a huge six bedroom house and a fortune of ②two million dollars 16 years ago.
Why ·He was tired of being regarded as living ③a successful life,as a person who had everything while others had nothing. ·He wanted to live ④simply and be helpful to others and felt very ⑤guilty being a rich man without doing anything.
What He made the choice to give all his money away.
How ·He gave away all his money away to ⑥charities. ·Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars,he would give away small bank notes to ⑦homeless people.
Result ·He’s much ⑧happier now,because he is living according to his values. ·Success is not ⑨measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true ⑩meaning of life.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the meaning of the phrase “turned their backs on” in the first paragraph
A.Ignored. B.Betrayed.
C.Given up. D.Turned over.
2.What might most people do to keep the sense of achieved success
A.Dream up ways of getting rich.
B.Become a millionaire quickly.
C.Find other forms of success.
D.Work hard constantly.
3.What can we infer about the attitude of most people
A.They can’t live a free life without enough money.
B.They can avoid all the worries with enough money.
C.The true meaning of life has nothing to do with money.
D.The true meaning of life comes from the ability to earn money.
4.What is Jason’s attitude to success
A.Fame is success.
B.Money is success.
C.Having a well paid job is success.
D.Finding true meaning in life is success.
5.How does the author develop the last two paragraphs
A.By analyzing cause and effect.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By comparison.
D.By introducing an interesting phenomenon.
答案　1.C　2.D　3.A　4.D　5.C
Step Three:Post reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect,and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.
[學會斷句]　本句中包含兩個定語從句和一個由once引導的條件狀語從句。they expect是定語從句,先行詞為success;they will do也是定語從句,先行詞為things,關系詞在從句中作賓語,故省略。
嘗試翻譯:他們花一半時間想象各種發財和達到他們期望的成功的方法,另一半時間則用來考慮一旦發了財他們會干什么。
2.Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
[學會斷句]　本句是一個表示順承關系的并列句,由and連接。第二個分句中又包含一個由that引導的賓語從句,其中having only a little money為動詞 ing形式短語作主語。
嘗試翻譯:詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks after reading the passage.
Jason Harley used to be a millionaire,but today he lives in a small dormitory room 1.with only second hand furniture.He gets all his clothes and other things by 2.shopping (shop) in charity shops.“3.What I want is living in a simple way.Seeing so many people in trouble,I feel worried and 4.guilty (guilt),” he said.So Jason was 5.pleased (please) to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and made the choice 6.to give (give) all his money away,which brought him 7.happiness (happy).
Most people believe when they are living 8.comfortably (comfortable),they will not have any worries.9.However,most people never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley decided to drop out and he discovered that having only a little money 10.made (make) him free.
[原文呈現]
Angela Johnson interviews ex-millionaire Jason Harley
For a lot of people,becoming a millionaire[1] is a symbol① of success and they set this as② their ultimate③ goal.They spend half of their time dreaming up④ ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect[2],and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do[3] once they become rich[4].But do all millionaires get the sense of success⑤ they were looking for after they achieve their goals Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires—they worked hard to become wealthy⑥,but then they need to continue making money so they don’t lose the sense of success they have achieved.However,there are people who have turned their backs on⑦ their millions and found other forms of success in their lives.Jason Harley is one example.
[1]動詞-ing形式短語作主語,謂語動詞通常用單數。
[2]省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句,修飾先行詞 success。
[3]省略了關系代詞that的定語從句,修飾先行詞all the things。
[4] once引導條件狀語從句,在此作連詞用,意為“一旦……”。
Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor⑧ with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune⑨ of two million dollars.Today he lives in a small dormitory⑩ room with only second-hand furniture .There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man[5]!There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees,which Jason enjoys taking care of[6].He also grows some vegetables and a few flowers.He gets his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops.
[5] that引導同位語從句,作signs的同位語。
[6] which引導的非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞fruit trees。
But Jason appreciates this change.He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing[7].He made the choice to give all his money away [8].And this,he said,brought him happiness and a sense of success in life.
[7] as與前面的regarded連用,意為“作為”;who引導的定語從句修飾先行詞person;while在此意為“而,然而”。
[8]不定式短語作the choice的同位語。
“I don’t need a lot of money.I don’t want to buy more things.I have enough,”said Jason.“What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.[9] A few years ago,I was a millionaire,but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year,and there were places with no schools and no teachers.So many people could never go to school.They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything[10].”
[9]what引導主語從句。并列的不定式短語作表語,be helpful前省略to。
[10]動詞-ing形式短語作原因狀語。
Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars[11],he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.“It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before[12],” said Jason.“Sure,many people think that ‘success’ means having millions in the bank or a well-paid job.But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.”
[11]whenever在此意為“每當”,引導時間狀語從句。
[12]that在此引導定語從句,修飾前面兩個并列的先行詞。that在從句中作賓語。　　
Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money,they will have no worries.However,most people never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.Are there any things he misses from his past “No,I’m much happier now,because I am living according to my values.Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.[13]”
[13]該句包含“not...but...”結構,意為“不是……而是……”,兩個介詞by后各接一個how引導的賓語從句。“not...but...”連接并列成分作主語時,謂語動詞與but后的成分在人稱和數上保持一致。
[名師圈點]
①symbol / s mb l/ n.象征,標志;符號
be a symbol of... 是……的象征
②set...as... 把……設置為……
③ultimate / lt m t/ adj.最后的,最終的
ultimate goal最終目標
ultimately / lt m tli/ adv.最終,最后
④dream up憑空想出,虛構出
⑤the sense of success成功感
the sense of achievement成就感
⑥wealthy / welθi/ adj.富裕的,富有的
wealth /welθ/ n.財富;富有
⑦turn one’s back on拋棄,背棄
⑧professor /pr fes / n.教授
⑨fortune / f t n/ n.大筆的錢,巨款;(個人的)命運;機會,運氣
make a/one’s fortune發財
seek one’s fortune尋找成功致富之路
⑩dormitory / d m t ri/ n.寢室,學生宿舍
second-hand furniture二手家具
second-hand / sek nd h nd/ adj.舊的,二手的,用過的
furniture / f n t / n.家具
a piece of furniture一件家具
charity / t r ti/ n.慈善機構;慈善
charity shop n.慈善商店(通過出售捐贈的衣物等募集慈善資金)
appreciate / pri ie t/ vt.欣賞;賞識;感激
give away贈送
hunger / h ɡ / n.饑餓,饑荒
guilty / ɡ lti/ adj.內疚的,羞愧的;犯罪的
guilt /ɡ lt/ n.內疚;有罪
feel guilty about... 對……感到內疚
be guilty of... 犯有……罪
[反義]innocent
bank note紙幣,鈔票(=note)
earn / n/ vt.& vi.掙得,賺得 vt.贏得
earn money=make money
drop out退出,脫離;輟學
measure / me (r)/ vt.衡量;測量 n.尺度,標準;措施,方法
[參考譯文]　　安吉拉·約翰遜采訪前百萬富翁詹森·哈利
對于很多人來說,成為百萬富翁是成功的象征,并且他們將此作為最終目標。他們花一半時間想象各種發財和達到他們期望的成功的方法,另一半時間則用來考慮一旦發了財他們會干什么。但是,百萬富翁們都在實現目標后獲得所尋求的成功感了嗎 有些人成為百萬富翁后仍然擔心金錢問題——他們努力工作,變得富有,但他們需要繼續賺錢,這樣才不會喪失已經獲得的成功感。然而有些人卻放棄了百萬家財,找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森·哈利就是一個例子。
十六年前,詹森是一名大學教授,擁有一套六居室的大房子和兩百萬美元的巨款。現在他住在一間只有二手家具的小宿舍里。顯然沒有跡象能表明詹森是一個富有而成功的人! 房子外面有一個小花園,種了幾棵果樹,詹森很喜歡侍弄它們。他還種了一些蔬菜和花。他從慈善商店買衣服和許多其他的東西。
但是詹森很欣賞這種改變。他很高興能放棄富人的生活方式。自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。他決定把自己的錢財都捐贈出去。他說這給他的生活帶來了快樂和成功感。
“我不需要很多錢,也不想再買更多的東西。我擁有的已經夠多了。”詹森說,“我想要簡單地生活并能幫助別人。幾年前,我是百萬富翁,但我知道每年有數百萬人死于饑餓,而且有些地方沒有學校和老師。很多人永遠不能上學,他們沒有接受教育和開啟新生活的機會。這讓我非常擔心,作為一位富人不能有所作為,我感到非常內疚。”
　　因此,他把所有的錢都捐給了慈善機構。每當他的錢超過兩千美元時,他就會把小額鈔票贈送給當地街道上無家可歸的人。“這是一種我從未感受過的滿足感和真正的成功感。”詹森說,“當然,很多人認為‘成功’意味著有數百萬銀行存款或高薪的工作。但我認為我的成就感來自幫助他人并找到生活真正的意義。”
大多數人相信,當他們生活舒適并賺到足夠的錢時,就可以高枕無憂了。但是,大多數人從未覺得自己賺夠了。詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。 和過去相比,他錯過了什么嗎 “不,現在我更開心,因為我依照自己的價值觀生活。衡量成功與否不在于你有多少金錢,而在于你如何理解生命的真正意義。”
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共30分)
A
I grew up in a poor family.This was something I did not realize until I was older.I thought everyone in the city took the bus,because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus.I thought everyone in the city used the food bank,because all my friends’ cupboards were filled with the same government labeled food that filled my cupboards.We all wore hand me down clothes.
Grocery shopping was my first experience understanding that my family was a little different.My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using.However,one day,I asked my mom why our money looked different.She said because we did not have real money to buy food,so the government helped us.
In high school,I was still embarrassed and wished we were not so poor,but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of.My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself.Growing up in poverty taught me perseverance (毅力).I have always believed in myself and my abilities.I knew I could focus on school and build a life that looked different from my childhood.
As I became a man,I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韌性的),and how to respect people for who they are as an individual—and not by what they have.I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it.These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience.Hardworking,trustworthy,reliable,clean,efficient,successful and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty.But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore,I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了來自貧窮家庭的作者學習智慧的母親的優秀品質,從貧窮中堅毅成長的故事。
1.Why did the mom use different paper money in the shop from the paragraph 2
A.To show their uniqueness.
B.To get the extra award.
C.To buy food without real money.
D.To support the government.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第二段“My mom used paper money...the government helped us.”可知,媽媽在商店里使用了不同的紙幣是為了沒有真錢也能買食物,故選C項。]
2.What can we learn about the mom from Paragraph 3
A.She was wise.
B.She was nervous.
C.She was frightened.
D.She was negative.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第三段“My mother who was a great...told me to believe in myself.”可知,媽媽是充滿智慧的,故選A項。]
3.What’s the author’s feeling towards his experience when he became a man
A.Unhappy. B.Disappointed.
C.Grateful. D.Abnormal.
答案　C　[觀點態度題。根據最后一段“Hardworking,trustworthy,reliable,clean...proud of where I’m from!”可知,作者介紹了自己從貧窮中所學到的東西,由此可推知作者是感激的,故選C項。]
4.Which title is the best for the text
A.Lessons from Struggling for Dreams
B.Lessons from Growing Up Poor
C.Poor Means Stupid
D.My Poor Childhood
答案　B　[標題歸納題。根據最后一段以及文章主旨(“我”雖來自貧窮的家庭,但從貧窮中學會了自信和堅持)可知,B選項“從貧窮成長中所學到的教訓”最符合文章標題,故選B項。]
B
Eugene Newman Parker,a leading figure in heliospheric (日球層的) physics for the past half century,passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar.15.He was 94.
Acknowledged as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker changed our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker”.In 2018,Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”,a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun.It can become violent,causing space weather that impacts the Earth.When Parker’s research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism (懷疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum (真空),and was thus completely empty of any matter.But,there were no errors in his study or his calculations,and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962,when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:“If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if you’re wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co authored a paper with his students,thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.His son Eric said,“My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death,they traveled to Lund,Sweden,to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了太陽物理學的領軍人物——尤金·紐曼·帕克的貢獻以及他對年輕人的影響。
5.What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.
B.The sun has less effect on Earth than expected.
C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.
D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Acknowledged as a visionary in...within the solar system.”以及“NASA even stated that...of Dr.Eugene Parker’.”可知,帕克對整個太陽物理學領域做出了極大的貢獻,他是值得贊揚的,故選C項。]
6.Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first
A.Some mistakes were found in his calculations.
B.It went against the popular opinion at that time.
C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.
D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.
答案　B　[細節理解題。根據第三段中“When Parker’s research was published...by the scientific community.”以及“The general view at the...completely empty of any matter.”可知,人們起初對帕克的“太陽風”理論持懷疑態度是因為它違背了當時的主流觀點,故選B項。]
7.What advice did Parker often give to young researchers
A.Expect challenges and critically evaluate your work.
B.Stick to conventional methods to minimize risks.
C.Depend on your professor for decision making.
D.Cooperate frequently to ensure success.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“That experience likely led to...the first one to know that.”可知,帕克給年輕人的建議是,做創新工作難免遇到麻煩,但要批判性地思考,由此可知,帕克經常給年輕研究人員的建議是做好面對挑戰的準備并且批判性地評估你的工作,故選A項。]
8.What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage
A.Responsible and accessible.
B.Straightforward and generous.
C.Distinguished yet modest.
D.Intelligent yet peculiar.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Acknowledged as a visionary in...bodies within the solar system.”可知,帕克是一位有杰出成就的人,結合最后一段中“Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.(帕克謙遜、直率、睿智。)”可知,帕克是杰出但謙遜的,故選C項。]
C
Like many Americans,my father,Kenneth Hamilton,must have heard Paul Robeson sing over the radio at one time or another.He must have read about Robeson’s extraordinary feats of daring and skill on the football fields of Rutgers.“I imagine,” he would begin,“that Mr.Paul Robeson woke up one morning to find there was more to the day than playing football.I know I did (my father played football for Iowa State).I imagine he looked around him.He saw that plenty of his people already were preachers;there were enough morticians (殯儀業者) to reach from here to kingdom to come.I imagine Mr.Robeson decided then and there he would be what there never had been before.And he was.”
I don’t recall Kenneth Hamilton ever saying what it was Paul Robeson became besides a football star.But surely he was referring to Robeson’s powerful singing voice.Yet what came through clearly to me at the time was this:If one were to become anything,it would have to be not only the best but wholly original,a new idea.This concept sank deep into my consciousness.Imperceptibly (不知不覺地),I grow up yearning for the unusual,seeking something unique in myself.I longed not just to write,but to newly write and like no one else.Kenneth Hamilton wanted no less for his youngest child.
“Like no one else,” he had been no less himself.Graduating from Iowa State Business College in the early 1890s when it was an achievement when a black man completed high school,he began his search for employment.
One day,the banker for whom his mother worked as a cook asked that young Kenneth be sent around to the bank,where there was a suitable job for him.He hurried over to the bank,absolutely amazed at this sudden stroke of luck.Dressed in starched collar and gray business suit,he wondered what he would become.
Kenneth Hamilton walked directly into the bank and was promptly handed a mop and a bucket.He threw both the length of the establishment and turned on his heel,never to return.Perhaps he should have accepted that first mop and bucket,but I’m rather glad his imagination wouldn’t permit him.For now I have pleasure of remembering him as a man who would not allow mind or body to be limited by another’s reality.I could have wanted no less for a father.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者父親因對Paul Robeson的敬仰,在自己的生活中也不甘于平庸,而父親的追求最終也影響了作者的人生觀的故事。
9.According to the first paragraph,Kenneth Hamilton and Paul Robeson were similar because they 　　　　.
A.were both talented singers
B.both played football for Iowa State
C.both had aspirations for things greater than collegiate sports
D.both,at one time,aspired to be preachers
答案　C　[推理判斷題。在第一段中,作者描述了父親Kenneth Hamilton對Paul Robeson的欽佩,特別是Robeson不僅在橄欖球場上表現出色,而且他還追求了比橄欖球更偉大的事物。而作者的父親也對橄欖球有興趣,并且兩人都有其他的成就。由此可推斷出他們的相似之處在于都對超出大學體育運動的事物有抱負,故選C項。]
10.Which of the following best exemplifies what the author refers to as the “wholly original,a new idea” in paragraph 2
A.The author’s resolve to be unlike any other writer.
B.The author’s choice to write about her past experiences.
C.Kenneth Hamilton’s decision to play football.
D.Paul Robeson’s determination that he would not be a preacher.
答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據文章第二段可知,作者提到自己不僅渴望寫作,還渴望以一種全新的方式寫作,并且希望與眾不同。選項A最能體現“完全原創,新的想法”這一概念,故選A項。]
11.The story about Kenneth Hamilton’s search for employment in the last two paragraphs is included by the author to 　　　　.
A.emphasize the policy of bias in banking institutions of the 1890s
B.illustrate the author’s admiration for her father
C.stress Kenneth Hamilton’s natural ability for cleaning
D.explain how her father came upon his eventual great success
答案　B　[寫作目的題。最后一段中作者主要講述了父親Kenneth Hamilton在尋找工作時的一段經歷。他被送到銀行找工作,但當他被遞上拖把和水桶時,他選擇了離開,這表明他不愿意接受這種他認為不符合自己期望的工作。這一故事突出了Kenneth Hamilton不滿足于平庸、追求更高目標的性格特征,體現了作者對父親的欽佩之情,故選B項。]
12.The passage suggests that the author’s admiration for her father stems from 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
A.his willingness to submit to society’s expectations of him
B.the realistic expectations he placed on his mind and body
C.the imagination by which he undertook his daily assignments
D.his courage in seeking a bank job in the 1890s
答案　B　[推理判斷題。文章通過多個例子,如父親對Paul Robeson的欽佩、父親拒絕銀行給予的拖把和水桶等,展現了父親不甘于平庸、勇于追求更高目標的品質。特別是最后兩段,通過講述父親在銀行求職時拒絕不符合自己期望的工作,突出了他不受現實期待約束、勇于追求自我價值的特點。而這也使得作者非常欽佩自己的父親。由此可知,作者父親這種不受約束追求更高目標的性格使作者欽佩自己的父親,故選B項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
A professional motivational (激勵的) speaker is a person who delivers speeches designed to inspire others.　1　 They positively present their ideas and encourage others to follow their way of thinking.
Motivational speakers can be important to others.　2　 After listening to them,the audience become more optimistic (樂觀的),believing they can overcome difficulties and find happiness in their own life.Thus,many people can benefit from motivational speakers.With good demand for motivational speakers in the market,many people want to be one of them.
　3　 They can get satisfaction and pride from knowing they have helped others learn something.Besides,they’re often respected and honored by others.And they tend to be considered experts in a certain area where their words are valued.What’s more,they often find it easy to earn a living.
If you want to be a professional motivational speaker,firstly,be aware that such people have certain skills.The top ones include good communication,high confidence,good time management,etc.Developing these skills can take a long time and hard practice.　4　
Moreover,becoming a motivational speaker is more about experience than education.　5　 But it’s also true that many do not.Being successful in the field is often the result of facing an unexpected challenge,overcoming it,and finding an inspiring story worthy of sharing with an audience.
A.Practice makes perfect.
B.Thus they love to be motivational speakers.
C.So you need to be patient and strong willed.
D.These people are gifted in the art of persuasion.
E.Certainly,many speakers have a university degree.
F.Professional motivational speakers achieve a lot in their work.
G.They often bring hope to an audience facing various problems.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了專業勵志演講者的角色、影響及成為勵志演講者的條件和好處,強調了技能和經驗的重要性。
1.D　[上下文說明了勵志演說家的作用,即他們如何影響聽眾,空處承上啟下,說明這類人的特點。D選項中的“These people”指代上文提到的“A professional motivational speaker”,且“are gifted in the art of persuasion”說明他們擅長說服別人,與下文“encourage others to follow their way of thinking”相呼應,故選D項。]
2.G　[上文“勵志演講者對他人來說很重要”及下文“聽了這些之后,觀眾變得更加樂觀,相信自己能夠克服困難并在自己的生活中找到幸福”說明勵志演講者的作用,空處對上文進行舉例說明并承接下文。G選項中的“They”指代上文提到的“Motivational speakers”,且“bring hope to an audience facing various problems”說明他們給觀眾帶來希望,與下文“the audience become more optimistic (樂觀的)”相呼應,故選G項。]
3.F　[下文說明了成為專業勵志演說家的一些好處,空處總結概括本段內容應該是有關這一職業的成就,F選項“專業的勵志演說家會在其工作中取得很大的成就”概括了下文幾點優勢,符合語境,故選F項。]
4.C　[上文說明培養技能并不容易,需要時間和練習,空處承接上文,提醒讀者培養這些技能需要具備的品質,C選項“所以你需要有耐心和堅強的意志”正是這樣的提醒,符合語境,故選C項。]
5.E　[上文說明經驗比教育更重要,空處需要一個既能對上文作補充說明,承認許多演說家確實有高學歷,又能引出下文“But it’s also true that many do not.”的句子。E選項“當然,許多演說家都擁有大學學位。”承認了許多演說家確實有高等教育背景,與下文形成轉折關系,符合語境,故選E項。](共82張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1
Part 1　Reading Comprehension
文本整體理解
內
容
索
引
語篇助解釋疑
課時測評作業
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The passage is mainly about an ex-millionaire called Jason Harley who chose to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and give away all his money to charities.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Angela Johnson wanted to find out whether money was a symbol of success.
B.Angela Johnson wondered what other forms of success could be found.
C.Jason Harley,a millionaire,was tired of living a rich and fulfilled life.
D.Jason Harley,an ex-millionaire,was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.
√
2.Read the passage and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (para.1)　 A.Jason Harley’s attitude to the change.
Part 2 (para.2) 　 B.The reason for Jason Harley’s change.
Part 3 (para.3) 　 C.Jason Harley’s feelings after the change.
Part 4 (para.4) 　 D.The change of Jason Harley’s lifestyle.
Part 5(paras.5 & 6) E.Different attitudes towards money.
答案　Part 1 E　Part 2 D　Part 3 A　Part 4 B　Part 5 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Who Jason,a college ①　　　　　　 with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of ②　　　　　　 dollars 16 years ago.
Why ·He was tired of being regarded as living ③　　　　　　　, as a person who had everything while others had nothing.
·He wanted to live ④　　　　　　　　 and be helpful to others and felt very ⑤　　　　　　 being a rich man without doing anything.
What He made the choice to give all his money away.
professor
two million
a successful life
simply
guilty
How ·He gave away all his money away to ⑥　　　　　　.
·Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars,he would give away small bank notes to ⑦　　　　　　　　.
Result ·He’s much ⑧　　　　　　 now,because he is living according to his values.
·Success is not ⑨　　　　　　　 by how much money you have but by how you understand the true ⑩_____________
of life.
charities
homeless people
happier
measured
meaning
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the meaning of the phrase “turned their backs on” in the first paragraph
A.Ignored. B.Betrayed.
C.Given up. D.Turned over.
√
2.What might most people do to keep the sense of achieved success
A.Dream up ways of getting rich.
B.Become a millionaire quickly.
C.Find other forms of success.
D.Work hard constantly.
√
3.What can we infer about the attitude of most people
A.They can’t live a free life without enough money.
B.They can avoid all the worries with enough money.
C.The true meaning of life has nothing to do with money.
D.The true meaning of life comes from the ability to earn money.
√
4.What is Jason’s attitude to success
A.Fame is success.
B.Money is success.
C.Having a well-paid job is success.
D.Finding true meaning in life is success.
√
5.How does the author develop the last two paragraphs
A.By analyzing cause and effect.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By comparison.
D.By introducing an interesting phenomenon.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect,and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.
[學會斷句]　本句中包含兩個定語從句和一個由　　　　　　引導的條件狀語從句。they expect是定語從句,先行詞為　　　　　　;they will do也是定語從句,先行詞為　　　　　　,關系詞在從句中作　　　　,故省略。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
once
success
things
賓語
他們花一半時間想象各種發財和達到他們期望的成功的方法,另一半時間則用來考慮一旦發了財他們會干什么。
2.Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
[學會斷句]　本句是一個表示順承關系的并列句,由　　　　　　連接。第二個分句中又包含一個由　　　　　　引導的賓語從句,其中having only a little money為動詞-ing形式短語作　　　　　。
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
and
that
主語
詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks after reading the passage.
Jason Harley used to be a millionaire,but today he lives in a small dormitory room 1.　　　　　　 only second-hand furniture.He gets all his clothes and other things by 2.　　　　　　 (shop) in charity shops.“3.　　　　　　 I want is living in a simple way.Seeing so many people in trouble,I feel worried and 4.　　　　　　 (guilt),” he said.So Jason was 5.　　　　　　 (please) to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and made the choice 6.　　　　　　 (give) all his money away,which brought him 7.　　　　　　 (happy).
with
shopping
What
guilty
pleased
to give
happiness
Most people believe when they are living 8.___________________
(comfortable),they will not have any worries.9.　　　　　　,most people never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley decided to drop out and he discovered that having only a little money 10.　　　　　 (make) him free.
comfortably
However
made
語 篇 助 解 釋 疑
Angela Johnson interviews ex-millionaire Jason Harley
For a lot of people,becoming a millionaire[1] is a symbol① of success and they set this as② their ultimate③ goal.They spend half of their time dreaming up④ ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect[2],and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do[3] once they become rich[4].But do all millionaires get the sense of success⑤ they were looking for after they achieve their
[原文呈現]
goals Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires—they worked hard to become wealthy⑥,but then they need to continue making money so they don’t lose the sense of success they have achieved.However,there are people who have turned their backs on⑦ their millions and found other forms of success in their lives.Jason Harley is one example.
[1]動詞-ing形式短語作主語,謂語動詞通常用單數。
[2]省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句,修飾先行詞 success。
[3]省略了關系代詞that的定語從句,修飾先行詞all the things。
[4] once引導條件狀語從句,在此作連詞用,意為“一旦……”。
Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor⑧ with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune⑨ of two million dollars.Today he lives in a small dormitory⑩ room with only second-hand furniture .There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man[5]!There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees,which Jason enjoys taking care of[6].He also grows some vegetables and a few flowers.He gets his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops.
[5] that引導同位語從句,作signs的同位語。
[6] which引導的非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞fruit trees。
But Jason appreciates this change.He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing[7].He made the choice to give all his money away [8].And this,he said,brought him happiness and a sense of success in life.
[7] as與前面的regarded連用,意為“作為”;who引導的定語從句修飾先行詞person;while在此意為“而,然而”。
[8]不定式短語作the choice的同位語。
“I don’t need a lot of money.I don’t want to buy more things.I have enough,”said Jason.“What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.[9] A few years ago,I was a millionaire,but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year,and there were places with no schools and no teachers.So many people could never go to school.They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything[10].”
[9]what引導主語從句。并列的不定式短語作表語,be helpful前省略to。
[10]動詞-ing形式短語作原因狀語。
Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars[11],he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.“It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before[12],” said Jason.“Sure,many people think that ‘success’ means having millions in the bank or a well-paid job.But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.”
[11]whenever在此意為“每當”,引導時間狀語從句。
[12]that在此引導定語從句,修飾前面兩個并列的先行詞。that在從句中作賓語。
　　Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money,they will have no worries.However,most people never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.Are there any things he misses from his past “No,I’m much happier now,because I am living according to my values.Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.[13]”
[13]該句包含“not...but...”結構,意為“不是……而是……”,兩個介詞by后各接一個how引導的賓語從句。“not...but...”連接并列成分作主語時,謂語動詞與but后的成分在人稱和數上保持一致。
[名師圈點]
①symbol / s mb l/ n.象征,標志;符號
be a symbol of... 是……的象征
②set...as... 把……設置為……
③ultimate / lt m t/ adj.最后的,最終的
ultimate goal最終目標
ultimately / lt m tli/ adv.最終,最后
④dream up憑空想出,虛構出
⑤the sense of success成功感
the sense of achievement成就感
⑥wealthy / welθi/ adj.富裕的,富有的
wealth /welθ/ n.財富;富有
⑦turn one’s back on拋棄,背棄
⑧professor /pr fes / n.教授
⑨fortune / f t n/ n.大筆的錢,巨款;(個人的)命運;機會,運氣
make a/one’s fortune發財
seek one’s fortune尋找成功致富之路
⑩dormitory / d m t ri/ n.寢室,學生宿舍
second-hand furniture二手家具
second-hand / sek nd h nd/ adj.舊的,二手的,用過的
furniture / f n t / n.家具
a piece of furniture一件家具
charity / t r ti/ n.慈善機構;慈善
charity shop n.慈善商店(通過出售捐贈的衣物等募集慈善資金)
appreciate / pri ie t/ vt.欣賞;賞識;感激
give away贈送
hunger / h ɡ / n.饑餓,饑荒
guilty / ɡ lti/ adj.內疚的,羞愧的;犯罪的
guilt /ɡ lt/ n.內疚;有罪
feel guilty about... 對……感到內疚
be guilty of... 犯有……罪
[反義]innocent
bank note紙幣,鈔票(=note)
earn / n/ vt.& vi.掙得,賺得 vt.贏得
earn money=make money
drop out退出,脫離;輟學
measure / me (r)/ vt.衡量;測量 n.尺度,標準;措施,方法
[參考譯文]　　安吉拉·約翰遜采訪前百萬富翁詹森·哈利
對于很多人來說,成為百萬富翁是成功的象征,并且他們將此作為最終目標。他們花一半時間想象各種發財和達到他們期望的成功的方法,另一半時間則用來考慮一旦發了財他們會干什么。但是,百萬富翁們都在實現目標后獲得所尋求的成功感了嗎 有些人成為百萬富翁后仍然擔心金錢問題——他們努力工作,變得富有,但他們需要繼續賺錢,這樣才不會喪失已經獲得的成功感。然而有些人卻放棄了百萬家財,找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森·哈利就是一個例子。
十六年前,詹森是一名大學教授,擁有一套六居室的大房子和兩百萬美元的巨款。現在他住在一間只有二手家具的小宿舍里。顯然沒有跡象能表明詹森是一個富有而成功的人! 房子外面有一個小花園,種了幾棵果樹,詹森很喜歡侍弄它們。他還種了一些蔬菜和花。他從慈善商店買衣服和許多其他的東西。
但是詹森很欣賞這種改變。他很高興能放棄富人的生活方式。自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。他決定把自己的錢財都捐贈出去。他說這給他的生活帶來了快樂和成功感。
“我不需要很多錢,也不想再買更多的東西。我擁有的已經夠多了。”詹森說,“我想要簡單地生活并能幫助別人。幾年前,我是百萬富翁,但我知道每年有數百萬人死于饑餓,而且有些地方沒有學校和老師。很多人永遠不能上學,他們沒有接受教育和開啟新生活的機會。這讓我非常擔心,作為一位富人不能有所作為,我感到非常內疚。”
因此,他把所有的錢都捐給了慈善機構。每當他的錢超過兩千美元時,他就會把小額鈔票贈送給當地街道上無家可歸的人。“這是一種我從未感受過的滿足感和真正的成功感。”詹森說,“當然,很多人認為‘成功’意味著有數百萬銀行存款或高薪的工作。但我認為我的成就感來自幫助他人并找到生活真正的意義。”
大多數人相信,當他們生活舒適并賺到足夠的錢時,就可以高枕無憂了。但是,大多數人從未覺得自己賺夠了。詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。 和過去相比,他錯過了什么嗎 “不,現在我更開心,因為我依照自己的價值觀生活。衡量成功與否不在于你有多少金錢,而在于你如何理解生命的真正意義。”
課 時 測 評 作 業
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共30分)
A
I grew up in a poor family.This was something I did not realize until I was older.I thought everyone in the city took the bus,because everyone in my neighborhood took the bus.I thought everyone in the city used the food bank,because all my friends’ cupboards were filled with the same government-labeled food that filled my cupboards.We all wore hand-me-down clothes.
Grocery shopping was my first experience understanding that my family was a little different.My mom used paper money that looked different from the paper money others in line were using. However,one day,I asked my mom why our money looked different. She said because we did not have real money to buy food,so the government helped us.
In high school,I was still embarrassed and wished we were not so poor,but I loved my mom and the other members of my family and knew we had things to be proud of.My mother who was a great woman with wisdom taught me how to love and told me to believe in myself.Growing up in poverty taught me perseverance (毅力).I have always believed in myself and my abilities.I knew I could focus on school and build a life that looked different from my childhood.
As I became a man,I thought my experiences are very useful and vital! It taught me to be resilient (有韌性的),and how to respect people for who they are as an individual—and not by what they have.I think there are a lot of fixed images placed on those experiencing poverty that do not actually come from the people experiencing it.These judgments come from people on the outside trying not to look into the experience.Hardworking,trustworthy,reliable,clean,efficient,successfu
l and disciplined are all words not typically associated with poverty. But those words are very much shown by those experiencing poverty! Therefore,I am glad to say I am really proud to be who I am and proud of where I’m from!
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了來自貧窮家庭的作者學習智慧的母親的優秀品質,從貧窮中堅毅成長的故事。
1.Why did the mom use different paper money in the shop from the paragraph 2
A.To show their uniqueness.
B.To get the extra award.
C.To buy food without real money.
D.To support the government.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段“My mom used paper money...the government helped us.”可知,媽媽在商店里使用了不同的紙幣是為了沒有真錢也能買食物,故選C項。
√
2.What can we learn about the mom from Paragraph 3
A.She was wise. B.She was nervous.
C.She was frightened. D.She was negative.
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段“My mother who was a great...told me to believe in myself.”可知,媽媽是充滿智慧的,故選A項。
√
3.What’s the author’s feeling towards his experience when he became a man
A.Unhappy. B.Disappointed.
C.Grateful. D.Abnormal.
解析　觀點態度題。根據最后一段“Hardworking,trustworthy, reliable,clean...proud of where I’m from!”可知,作者介紹了自己從貧窮中所學到的東西,由此可推知作者是感激的,故選C項。
√
4.Which title is the best for the text
A.Lessons from Struggling for Dreams
B.Lessons from Growing Up Poor
C.Poor Means Stupid
D.My Poor Childhood
解析　標題歸納題。根據最后一段以及文章主旨(“我”雖來自貧窮的家庭,但從貧窮中學會了自信和堅持)可知,B選項“從貧窮成長中所學到的教訓”最符合文章標題,故選B項。
√
B
Eugene Newman Parker,a leading figure in heliospheric (日球層的) physics for the past half century,passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar.15.He was 94.
Acknowledged as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker changed our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker”.In 2018,Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”,a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun.It can become violent,causing space weather that impacts the Earth.When Parker’s research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism (懷疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum (真空),and was thus completely empty of any matter.But,there were no errors in his study or his calculations,and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962,when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:“If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students,thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.His son Eric said,“My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death,they traveled to Lund,Sweden,to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了太陽物理學的領軍人物——尤金·紐曼·帕克的貢獻以及他對年輕人的影響。
5.What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.
B.The sun has less effect on Earth than expected.
C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.
D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Acknowledged as a visionary in...within the solar system.”以及“NASA even stated that...of Dr.Eugene Parker’.”可知,帕克對整個太陽物理學領域做出了極大的貢獻,他是值得贊揚的,故選C項。
√
6.Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first
A.Some mistakes were found in his calculations.
B.It went against the popular opinion at that time.
C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.
D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中“When Parker’s research was published...by the scientific community.”以及“The general view at the...completely empty of any matter.”可知,人們起初對帕克的“太陽風”理論持懷疑態度是因為它違背了當時的主流觀點,故選B項。
√
7.What advice did Parker often give to young researchers
A.Expect challenges and critically evaluate your work.
B.Stick to conventional methods to minimize risks.
C.Depend on your professor for decision-making.
D.Cooperate frequently to ensure success.
解析　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“That experience likely led to...the first one to know that.”可知,帕克給年輕人的建議是,做創新工作難免遇到麻煩,但要批判性地思考,由此可知,帕克經常給年輕研究人員的建議是做好面對挑戰的準備并且批判性地評估你的工作,故選A項。
√
8.What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage
A.Responsible and accessible.
B.Straightforward and generous.
C.Distinguished yet modest.
D.Intelligent yet peculiar.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Acknowledged as a visionary in...bodies within the solar system.”可知,帕克是一位有杰出成就的人,結合最后一段中“Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise. (帕克謙遜、直率、睿智。)”可知,帕克是杰出但謙遜的,故選C項。
√
C
Like many Americans,my father,Kenneth Hamilton,must have heard Paul Robeson sing over the radio at one time or another.He must have read about Robeson’s extraordinary feats of daring and skill on the football fields of Rutgers.“I imagine,” he would begin, “that Mr.Paul Robeson woke up one morning to find there was more to the day than playing football.I know I did (my father played football for Iowa State).I imagine he looked around him.He saw that plenty of his people already were preachers;there were enough morticians (殯儀業者) to reach from here to kingdom to come.I imagine Mr.Robeson decided then and there he would be what there never had been before.And he was.”
I don’t recall Kenneth Hamilton ever saying what it was Paul Robeson became besides a football star.But surely he was referring to Robeson’s powerful singing voice.Yet what came through clearly to me at the time was this:If one were to become anything,it would have to be not only the best but wholly original,a new idea.This concept sank deep into my consciousness.Imperceptibly (不知不覺地),I grow up yearning for the unusual,seeking something unique in myself.I longed not just to write,but to newly write and like no one else. Kenneth Hamilton wanted no less for his youngest child.
“Like no one else,” he had been no less himself.Graduating from Iowa State Business College in the early 1890s when it was an achievement when a black man completed high school,he began his search for employment.
One day,the banker for whom his mother worked as a cook asked that young Kenneth be sent around to the bank,where there was a suitable job for him.He hurried over to the bank,absolutely amazed at this sudden stroke of luck.Dressed in starched collar and gray business suit,he wondered what he would become.
Kenneth Hamilton walked directly into the bank and was promptly handed a mop and a bucket.He threw both the length of the establishment and turned on his heel,never to return.Perhaps he should have accepted that first mop and bucket,but I’m rather glad his imagination wouldn’t permit him.For now I have pleasure of remembering him as a man who would not allow mind or body to be limited by another’s reality.I could have wanted no less for a father.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者父親因對Paul Robeson的敬仰,在自己的生活中也不甘于平庸,而父親的追求最終也影響了作者的人生觀的故事。
9.According to the first paragraph,Kenneth Hamilton and Paul Robeson were similar because they 　　　　.
A.were both talented singers
B.both played football for Iowa State
C.both had aspirations for things greater than collegiate sports
D.both,at one time,aspired to be preachers
√
解析　推理判斷題。在第一段中,作者描述了父親Kenneth Hamilton對Paul Robeson的欽佩,特別是Robeson不僅在橄欖球場上表現出色,而且他還追求了比橄欖球更偉大的事物。而作者的父親也對橄欖球有興趣,并且兩人都有其他的成就。由此可推斷出他們的相似之處在于都對超出大學體育運動的事物有抱負,故選C項。
10.Which of the following best exemplifies what the author refers to as the “wholly original,a new idea” in paragraph 2
A.The author’s resolve to be unlike any other writer.
B.The author’s choice to write about her past experiences.
C.Kenneth Hamilton’s decision to play football.
D.Paul Robeson’s determination that he would not be a preacher.
解析　推理判斷題。根據文章第二段可知,作者提到自己不僅渴望寫作,還渴望以一種全新的方式寫作,并且希望與眾不同。選項A最能體現“完全原創,新的想法”這一概念,故選A項。
√
11.The story about Kenneth Hamilton’s search for employment in the last two paragraphs is included by the author to 　　　　.
A.emphasize the policy of bias in banking institutions of the 1890s
B.illustrate the author’s admiration for her father
C.stress Kenneth Hamilton’s natural ability for cleaning
D.explain how her father came upon his eventual great success
√
解析　寫作目的題。最后一段中作者主要講述了父親Kenneth Hamilton在尋找工作時的一段經歷。他被送到銀行找工作,但當他被遞上拖把和水桶時,他選擇了離開,這表明他不愿意接受這種他認為不符合自己期望的工作。這一故事突出了Kenneth Hamilton不滿足于平庸、追求更高目標的性格特征,體現了作者對父親的欽佩之情,故選B項。
12.The passage suggests that the author’s admiration for her father stems from 　　　　.
A.his willingness to submit to society’s expectations of him
B.the realistic expectations he placed on his mind and body
C.the imagination by which he undertook his daily assignments
D.his courage in seeking a bank job in the 1890s
√
解析　推理判斷題。文章通過多個例子,如父親對Paul Robeson的欽佩、父親拒絕銀行給予的拖把和水桶等,展現了父親不甘于平庸、勇于追求更高目標的品質。特別是最后兩段,通過講述父親在銀行求職時拒絕不符合自己期望的工作,突出了他不受現實期待約束、勇于追求自我價值的特點。而這也使得作者非常欽佩自己的父親。由此可知,作者父親這種不受約束追求更高目標的性格使作者欽佩自己的父親,故選B項。
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
A professional motivational (激勵的) speaker is a person who delivers speeches designed to inspire others.　1　 They positively present their ideas and encourage others to follow their way of thinking.
Motivational speakers can be important to others.　2　 After listening to them,the audience become more optimistic (樂觀的),believing they can overcome difficulties and find happiness in their own life.Thus,many people can benefit from motivational speakers.With good demand for motivational speakers in the market,many people want to be one of them.
　3　 They can get satisfaction and pride from knowing they have helped others learn something.Besides,they’re often respected and honored by others.And they tend to be considered experts in a certain area where their words are valued.What’s more,they often find it easy to earn a living.
If you want to be a professional motivational speaker,firstly,be aware that such people have certain skills.The top ones include good communication,high confidence,good time management,etc. Developing these skills can take a long time and hard practice.　4　
Moreover,becoming a motivational speaker is more about experience than education.　5　 But it’s also true that many do not.Being successful in the field is often the result of facing an unexpected challenge,overcoming it,and finding an inspiring story worthy of sharing with an audience.
A.Practice makes perfect.
B.Thus they love to be motivational speakers.
C.So you need to be patient and strong-willed.
D.These people are gifted in the art of persuasion.
E.Certainly,many speakers have a university degree.
F.Professional motivational speakers achieve a lot in their work.
G.They often bring hope to an audience facing various problems.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了專業勵志演講者的角色、影響及成為勵志演講者的條件和好處,強調了技能和經驗的重要性。
1.D　[上下文說明了勵志演說家的作用,即他們如何影響聽眾,空處承上啟下,說明這類人的特點。D選項中的“These people”指代上文提到的“A professional motivational speaker”,且“are gifted in the art of persuasion”說明他們擅長說服別人,與下文“encourage others to follow their way of thinking”相呼應,故選D項。]
2.G　[上文“勵志演講者對他人來說很重要”及下文“聽了這些之后,觀眾變得更加樂觀,相信自己能夠克服困難并在自己的生活中找到幸福”說明勵志演講者的作用,空處對上文進行舉例說明并承接下文。G選項中的“They”指代上文提到的“Motivational speakers”,且“bring hope to an audience facing various problems”說明他們給觀眾帶來希望,與下文“the audience become more optimistic (樂觀的)”相呼應,故選G項。]
3.F　[下文說明了成為專業勵志演說家的一些好處,空處總結概括本段內容應該是有關這一職業的成就,F選項“專業的勵志演說家會在其工作中取得很大的成就”概括了下文幾點優勢,符合語境,故選F項。]
4.C　[上文說明培養技能并不容易,需要時間和練習,空處承接上文,提醒讀者培養這些技能需要具備的品質,C選項“所以你需要有耐心和堅強的意志”正是這樣的提醒,符合語境,故選C項。]
5.E　[上文說明經驗比教育更重要,空處需要一個既能對上文作補充說明,承認許多演說家確實有高學歷,又能引出下文“But it’s also true that many do not.”的句子。E選項“當然,許多演說家都擁有大學學位。”承認了許多演說家確實有高等教育背景,與下文形成轉折關系,符合語境,故選E項。]Part 2　Language Points
(Topic Talk & Lesson 1 & Lesson 2)
[核心單詞·練通]
1.symbol / sImb l/ n.象征,標志
2.professor /pr fes / n.教授
3.dormitory / d m t ri/ n.寢室,學生宿舍
4.furniture / f nIt / n.家具
[拓展單詞·用活]
1.comfortably / k mft bli/ adv.舒服地,舒適地→comfort n.舒適;安慰 vt.使舒適;安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的,舒適的→
uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
2.fortune / f t n/ n.大筆的錢,巨款→
fortunate adj.幸運的;吉利的→
fortunately adv.幸運地;吉利地
3.appreciate / pri ieIt/ vt.欣賞;賞識→
appreciative adj.欣賞的;感激的→
appreciation n.欣賞;感激
4.hunger / h ɡ / n.饑餓,饑荒→hungry adj.饑餓的
5.guilty / ɡIlti/ adj.內疚的,羞愧的→guilt n.內疚;有罪
[閱讀單詞·識記]
1.millionaire / mIlj ne / n.百萬富翁
2.ultimate / lt m t/ adj.最后的,最終的
[重點短語·再現]
1.give away 贈送;捐贈;泄露
2.drop out 退出,脫離;輟學
3.dream up 憑空想出
4.turn one’s back on/upon 背棄;拋棄
5.be tired of 厭煩
6.be regarded as 被認為是
7.get on 發跡;出人頭地
[典型句式·默背]
根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子
1.[句型公式]　動詞 ing形式短語作主語
[教材原句]　For a lot of people,becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.
對于很多人來說,成為百萬富翁是成功的象征,并且他們將此作為最終目標。
2.[句型公式]　while作并列連詞
[教材原句]　He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。
3.[句型公式]　not...but...
[教材原句]　Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
衡量成功與否不在于你有多少金錢,而在于你如何理解生命的真正意義。
4.[句型公式]　whenever引導時間狀語從句
[教材原句]　Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars,he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.
每當他的錢超過兩千美元時,他就會把小額鈔票贈送給當地街道上無家可歸的人。
5.[句型公式]　what引導主語從句
[教材原句]　What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.
我想要簡單地生活并能幫助別人。
核心單詞練透
1.determined adj.堅定的,堅決的
教材原文　be passionate and determined about what you do對你所做的事充滿激情和決心
感知　語言先輸入
①The determined look in her eyes conveyed her determination to succeed.
②We are determined to follow the examples of excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the society.
③I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be determined to do sth 決心做某事(表示狀態)
(2)determine vt.　　　　 決定;決心
determine on/upon (doing) sth 決定(做)某事
determine to do sth 決定做某事(表示動作)
(3)determination n. 決心;決定
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Their success is due in large part to their determination (determine).
②She’s determined (determine) to put her new ideas into practice.
③She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was risky,but she determined to take a chance/determined on/upon taking a chance.
她認為去陌生人家是冒險的,但她決定碰碰運氣。
④Determined to study hard,he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
決心努力學習,他在墻上鑿了個洞,從鄰居家“偷”光來在晚上讀書。
2.committed adj.堅定的;盡心盡力的
教材原文　You’ve seemed very committed to your studies recently.你最近似乎對學習很投入。
感知　語言先輸入
①With the help of their father,the twins were committed to making delicious breakfast.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
②I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English,which can gradually improve your oral English.(建議信)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be committed to (doing) sth 獻身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)commit v. 做(壞事);犯(罪或錯);承諾;忠于,投入;花(錢或時間)
commit time/money to (doing) sth 在(做)某事上花時間/錢
commit oneself to 投入到……,獻身于……
(3)commitment n. 投入,奉獻;承諾
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①He desires to be admitted to the famous academy and as a consequence,he is committed to studying on a daily basis.I deeply believe that his commitment does pay off sooner or later.(commit)
②Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to commit myself to being a man of value/be committed to being a man of value.(短文投稿,2023·全國甲卷)
范仲淹是一個榜樣,他總是激勵我致力于做一個有價值的人。
③I realized how committed I am to art and how it can help express my feelings.(活動介紹,2024·新課標卷)
我意識到自己對藝術的熱愛是多么堅定,以及它能如何幫助我表達我的感受。
3.fortune n.大筆的錢,巨款
教材原文　Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor with a huge six bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars.
十六年前,詹森是一名大學教授,擁有一套六居室的大房子和兩百萬美元的巨款。
感知　語言先輸入
①These two brothers decided to go to America to seek/try their fortune.
②The deal,to be completed next week,will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market.
③I am fortunate to live in a dormitory where everyone gets along well with others.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)seek/try one’s fortune　 碰運氣;尋出路
make a fortune 發財,賺錢
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
(2)fortunate adj. 幸運的;僥幸的(=lucky)
be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
it is fortunate that... 幸運的是……
(3)fortunately adv. 幸運地(=luckily)
[名師指津]　fortune作名詞且意為“機會;運氣”時,是不可數名詞;作“大筆的錢”時,是可數名詞。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①Unfortunately (fortunate),there is no magic list I can offer.
②In China,children are given money in a red envelope symbolizing good fortune in the New Year,which indicates that they may have the good fortune/be fortunate to succeed in many ways.(節日介紹)
在中國,新年時孩子們會收到象征好運的紅包,預示著他們能有幸在很多方面獲得成功。
③幸運的是,我們及時趕到了機場。
→We were fortunate to arrive at the airport in time.(be fortunate to do...)
→It was fortunate that we arrived at the airport in time.(it is fortunate that...)
→Fortunately,we arrived at the airport in time.(fortunately)
4.appreciate vt.欣賞;賞識
教材原文　But Jason appreciates this change.但是詹森很欣賞這種改變。
感知　語言先輸入
①I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island.
②I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation.I’m looking forward to your early reply.(邀請信)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)appreciate+名詞/代詞/動詞 ing 重視/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……,我將不勝感激
(2)appreciation n.　　　 欣賞;感激
in appreciation of 感激……
(3)appreciative adj. 感激的;欣賞的
[名師指津]　當appreciate、hate、dislike、love、like、depend/rely on等詞后接賓語從句時,一般先加形式賓語it,再接賓語從句。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.(求助信)
②The new employees appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work with the famous professor.
③I’d appreciate it if you could do me a favour.(全國Ⅰ卷)
假如您能幫我一個忙,我將不勝感激。
④Successfully,I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class,which has been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.
我成功地在我們班級的幾次英語活動中給她幫了忙,這受到了老師和同學們的贊賞。
5.devote vt.把……奉獻給;專心致力于
教材原文　For more than 50 years,he has devoted his life to rice production and...
五十多年來,他專心致力于水稻產量研究,并且……
感知　語言先輸入
Responsible and devoted to/devoting himself to community work,he is praised by the people around.(全國Ⅰ卷)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)devote...to 把……用于/獻身于/致力于……
devote oneself to 獻身于;致力于;專心于
(2)devoted adj. 忠實的;深愛的;全心全意的
be devoted to (doing) sth 深愛;專心于……;奉獻于……
(3)devotion n. 關愛;關照;奉獻;忠誠
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①From my first job at the restaurant,I learned teamwork and devotion (devote).
②I decided to devote myself to the task of working with the subjects,while he developed the scientific model.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我決定全身心投入到研究課題的工作中,而他則研發了科學模型。
③I devoted a lot of time to capturing the colors and reflections,and I was quite pleased with the result.(活動介紹,2024·新課標卷)
我花了很多時間去捕捉顏色和倒影,結果讓我很滿意。
6.reject vt.拒絕接受;拒收;排斥
教材原文　Luckily for Harry Potter fans,the author J.K.Rowling didn’t listen to the negative comments from the twelve publishers who rejected her books.
讓《哈利·波特》的粉絲感到幸運的是作者J.K.羅琳沒有聽拒收其書稿的十二個出版商的負面評論。
感知　語言先輸入
①I don’t know why they rejected admitting Jane into the club.
②Today,I got a rejection letter from a college I didn’t apply to.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)reject doing sth 　　　 拒絕做某事
(2)rejection n. 拒絕
a rejection letter 回絕信
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of rejection (reject).
②She rejected doing the project alone and asked for a partner.
她拒絕獨自完成這個項目,要求找一個合作伙伴。
③Why did you reject my suggestion
你為什么拒絕我的建議
7.limit vt.& n.限制,限定
教材原文　...it mentions effective daily practices such as making to do lists and limiting time on social networking and other distractions.
……它提到一些有效的日常習慣,如制定待辦事項清單、限制在社交網絡及其他讓人分心的事物上花的時間等。
感知　語言先輸入
①We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.
②There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.
③Without friends,your world would be limited to wilderness.(主旨升華)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)limit...to...　　　　　 把……限制在……內
(2)beyond the limit 超過限度
within the limits of 在……范圍內
set a limit to/on sth 對……規定限度
there is a/no limit to 對……是有限的/無限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to 限于,局限于
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/完成語段
①Since the new models are expensive,they’re likely to appeal only to a limited (limit) market.
②There is a limit to one’s life,but no limit to serving the people.
人的生命是有限的,但為人民服務是無限的。
③To be healthy,you should also set a limit to/on the time of workout,just as the specialist told you.
為了健康,你也應該像專家告訴你的那樣,對鍛煉時間設定一個限制。
④You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit,it will not be accepted.(通知)
要求你的文章限制在800詞以內。如果你的文章超過限度,將不被錄用。
8.convince vt.說服;使確信
教材原文　Mm,you’ve convinced me to read this book!嗯,你已說服我閱讀這本書啦!
感知　語言先輸入
①To convince my friend to try a new cuisine,I shared with him a few delicious recipes from the region.
②You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
③I’m fully convinced that with the tips above we will become smart online learners.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)convince sb to do sth 說服某人做某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
(2)convinced adj. 確信的;深信的
be convinced of... 堅信……
be convinced that... 堅信……
(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的;有說服力的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The ending of the novel is a little too simple to be convincing (convince).
②I’m firmly convinced of the significance of honesty,which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.(主旨升華)
我堅信誠實的重要性,它有助于建立一個溫暖、和諧的社會。
③I hope to convince my classmates to join me for more outdoor painting sessions in the future.(郵件,2024·新課標卷)
我希望將來能說服我的同學們一起參加更多的戶外繪畫課程。
④I was greatly convinced that our project would be highly thought of by our teachers.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我深信老師們會高度評價我們的項目。
片段鞏固(追逐夢想)　用determined;committed;fortune;appreciate;reject;limit;convince完成片段
　　在一個陽光明媚的早晨,李明決心追逐自己的夢想。他滿懷希望地走進藝術學校。知道自己必須全心投入才能脫穎而出,他勇敢面對挑戰。每當懷疑涌上心頭,他都會拒絕放棄的念頭,說服自己繼續前進。每一次失敗都讓他更加珍惜成功的價值。他明白,自己的命運掌握在自己手中,唯有通過奉獻才能突破一切限制。
On a bright morning,Li Ming 1.was determined to chase his dream.He walked into the art school with a heart full of hope.Knowing 2.that he had to be fully committed to stand out (賓語從句),he faced challenges bravely.Whenever doubts crept in,he would 3.reject the idea of giving up and 4.convince himself to keep pushing forward.Each failure made him 5.appreciate the value of success even more.He understood that 6.his fortune lay in his hands,and only through dedication 7.could he break any limits (倒裝句).
短語句式通關　
1.make sense有意義;解釋得通
教材原文　Yes,that makes a lot of sense.是的,那太有意義了。
感知　語言先輸入
①It took me quite a few minutes to make sense of what he meant.
②In no sense should you lose heart;keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(建議信)
③There’s no sense in worrying about it now.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)make sense of　 理解;明白
make no sense 沒意義
It makes (no) sense to do sth 做某事(沒)有道理/意義
(2)in a sense 在某一方面;就某種意義來說
in no sense 決不(用在句首時,句子用部分倒裝)
There is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事沒道理
運用　完成句子/詞匯升級
①We read it through,but could not make sense of it.　我們從頭到尾讀了一遍,但不明白它說些什么。
②It was an average day in terms of weather,but the scenery was so inspiring that it made sense to create something special.(郵件,2024·新課標卷)
那天的天氣算不上特別好,但風景如此迷人,讓我覺得創作一些特別的作品是很有意義的。
③Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you understand the poems to be learned.
→Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you make sense of the poems to be learned.
2.get on發跡;出人頭地
教材原文　They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life.
他們沒有接受教育和開啟新生活的機會。
感知　語言先輸入
①He isn’t good at talking but he gets on well with other people.
②After getting off the train,we got into the car and headed for the airport.
③I tried to get in touch with Peter,but I couldn’t get through to him.
記牢　知識再梳理
get off　　　　　　　　　 下(車、船等)
get into 進入;陷入
get through 完成;(電話)打通;到達;度過,熬過
get down to (doing) sth 開始認真做某事
get on (well) with 與……相處(融洽)
運用　完成句子
①I am tired of the partner I have been working with because he is hard to get on with.
我很討厭這個與我一直在一起工作的伙伴,因為他很難相處。
②Parents are always anxious for their children to get on.
父母總是急切地盼望孩子們出人頭地。
③You’d better get down to doing your homework quickly,or you will miss the deadline.
你最好趕快開始做作業,否則你會錯過最后期限的。
④I want you to get into a whole new state of mind.　我想讓你進入一種全新的心態。
3.drop out退出,脫離;輟學
教材原文　Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
感知　語言先輸入
①We were passing by the museum,so we decided to drop in and see the new exhibit.
②I thought I’d drop in on you while I was passing.
③The Hope Project is designed to help those children who have to drop out of school because of poverty.
記牢　知識再梳理
drop in/round/by 　　　 順便拜訪
drop in on sb 順便拜訪某人
drop out of 從……中退出
運用　完成句子
①Next time you are in Guangzhou,please drop in on me.　下次來廣州請一定來看我。
②Drop in/round/by when you are free.
有空就順便來坐坐。
③She started on engineering degree but dropped out after only a year.
她開始攻讀工程學學位,但僅一年后就輟學了。
④Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support.
許多學生因為缺乏教學支持而退出了在線課程。
4.句型公式:while作并列連詞
教材原文　He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。
感知　語言先輸入
①We must strike while the iron is hot.
②While I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.
③At school,some students are outgoing,while some are shy,yet they can be good friends with one another.(學校生活)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)引導時間狀語從句,意思是“當……的時候;在……期間”。
(2)引導讓步狀語從句,意思是“盡管;雖然”。
(3)連接兩個并列分句(表示對比關系),可譯作“而,然而”。
運用　完成句子
①While online learning proves useful,there exist some disadvantages.(發言稿)
盡管網絡學習證明是有用的,但也存在一些缺點。
②It bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged animal while my mom was filming my whole embarrassment.(心理描寫)
使我心煩的是我像困獸一樣困在南瓜中,而媽媽在拍攝著我的糗事。
③David rang up while you were out.
你不在的時候戴維打電話來了。
5.句型公式:動詞 ing形式短語作主語
教材原文　Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
感知　語言先輸入
①Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation,but that would be likely to increase the chances of infection.(作主語)
②David suggested selling your house to pay the debt.(作賓語)
③His job is selling cars at the moment.(作表語)
記牢　知識再梳理
動詞 ing形式(短語)相當于名詞,在句中可以用作主語、賓語、表語等。需要注意的是,單個動詞 ing形式(短語)用作主語時,其謂語動詞要用單數形式。
運用　完成句子
①Washing hands before meals is good for your health.
飯前洗手對你的健康有好處。
②Collecting information about children’s health is his job.
收集有關兒童健康的信息是他的工作。
③After looking at his watch,he hurried to the station.
看了看表之后,他匆忙趕往火車站。
④His favorite hobby is swimming in the ocean.
他最大的愛好是在海里游泳。
6.句型公式:祈使句+and+陳述句
教材原文　Follow our five secrets and you can do it!遵循我們的五個秘訣,你也能做到!
感知　語言先輸入
①Give me a chance,and I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.(=If you give me a chance,I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.)
②Go to bed earlier or you’ll be really tired tomorrow.(=If you don’t go to bed earlier,you’ll be really tired tomorrow.)
③Another step and the child will fall into the well.(=If the child takes another step,she/he will fall into the well.)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)“祈使句+and+陳述句”相當于“if引導的條件狀語從句+主句”,表示祈使句與后面的句子是順承關系。
(2)“祈使句+or (else)/otherwise+陳述句”相當于“if+否定條件狀語從句+主句”。
(3)“名詞詞組+and+陳述句”。名詞詞組中通常含有more、another、further、earlier等詞,用來敘述肯定的情況。
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換/一句多譯
①Start working hard from now on,otherwise/or you’ll regret soon.
②Hurry up or we will be late.
→If you don’t hurry,we will be late.
③If you give me one more chance,I’ll do better.
→One more chance,and I’ll do better.
④如果你努力學習,以后你會感激自己的。
→Work hard,and you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.(祈使句+and+陳述句)
→If you work hard,you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.(含if條件句的復合句)
→Working hard,you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.(動詞 ing形式短語作狀語)
片段鞏固(走向成功)　用make sense;get on;drop out;while;動詞 ing形式短語作主語;“祈使句+and+陳述句”完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　當你真正相信你能實現夢想的時候,追求你的夢想往往才是有意義的。繼續你的旅程需要努力和決心。雖然有些人在面對挑戰時可能會選擇放棄,但那些堅持不懈的人最終會找到通往成功的道路。保持專注,不斷前進,你就會看到努力的成果。記住,每一個挑戰都是成長的機會,讓你更接近夢想。
1.Pursuing your dream can often make sense (動詞 ing形式短語作主語) when you truly believe you can achieve it.2.Getting on with your journey requires hard work and determination (動詞 ing形式短語作主語).3.While some may choose to drop out (讓步狀語從句) when faced with challenges,those who keep going will find their path to success at last.4.Stay committed and keep pushing forward,and you will see the results of your efforts (祈使句+and+陳述句).Remember,every challenge is an opportunity for growth,leading you closer to your dream.
高考熱點微練　
Ⅰ.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思
1.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet,sound can now create silence.vi.渴望
2.I appreciate your kindness.You’ve been a huge help to me.vt.感激
3.What are your neighbours like Do you get on with them 相處融洽
4.These people deserve to make more than the minimum wage.adj.最低的
5.She has contracted to work 20 hours a week.vi.簽合同
Ⅱ.選出limit的漢語意思
(
A.
n
.限度
,
限制　B.
n
.極限
,
限量
C.
n
.
(
區域的
)
界限
,
邊界　D.
vt
.限制
,
限定
)
1.To succeed,you must limit distractions and focus on your goals.D
2.He reached the limit of his endurance during the marathon,pushing himself to the extreme.B
3.The speed limit on this road is 60 miles per hour,ensuring safety for all drivers.A
4.The garden has a beautiful fence that marks the limit of our property.C
[基礎語境練]
Ⅰ.單詞情景運用(每小題1分,共10分)
1.You seem to be very enthusiastic (熱心的) about his idea.
2.People are not optimistic (樂觀的) about the outcome of the talks between the two countries.
3.The young employee (雇員) has got a rise in salary for his excellent work.
4.Red has always been a symbol (象征) of life and boom.
5.We have just bought a lot of new furniture (家具) for the new apartment.
6.The great majority of the players would,of course,sign the contract / k ntr kt/ without hesitation.
7.We should reduce the disadvantages of the Internet to the minimum / mIn m m/.
8.The female headmaster rejected the plan made by the youngest teacher,which made him very angry.
9.Drivers are supposed to limit the speed in the neighborhood because children may be playing there.
10.It is a professor from Peking University who will give us a lecture about physics.
Ⅱ.詞形轉換填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The football player had to quit the career for his injury (injure) in the leg.
2.First of all,you should be a committed (commit) member of the team.
3.He built a hugely successful career through years of hard work and determination (determine).
4.The young couple are very ambitious (ambition) for their child.
5.He settled himself comfortably (comfortable)in his usual chair.
6.The attitude of the author toward advertisers is appreciative (appreciate).
7.My friend was hungry (hunger),so we drove to a shopping mall to get some food.
8.I felt guilty (guilt) about not visiting my parents more often.
9.Thanks to the expert,our rice production (produce) has increased by 20%.
10.The woman is one of the most influential (influence) figures in local politics.
Ⅲ.短語情景運用(每小題1.5分,共9分)
get on,drop out,be tired of,make sense,give away,dream up
1.Some Internet words can only make sense with the context of Internet.
2.Some ambitious young men decided to try their fortune in big cities,dreaming of getting on.
3.The millionaire was tired of living a rich but meaningless life,so he gave away all his money to charities.
4.There are still many children dropping out of school for various reasons in that country.
5.John shook his head.He was tired of quarrelling with the man.
6.I dreamed up a plan to solve both problems at once.
Ⅳ.典型句式集訓(每小題2分,共10分)
1.Losing two important players was a big challenge,but she did not lose heart.(動詞 ing形式短語作主語)
損失兩大主力隊員是個巨大的挑戰,但是她沒有氣餒。
2.What impresses me most is that my uncle will always motivate me to stick to my dream whenever I come across difficulties.(what引導主語從句)
給我印象最深的是,每當我遇到困難時,我的叔叔總是激勵我堅持自己的夢想。
3.Use your head,and you will find a way.(祈使句+and+陳述句)
動動腦筋,你就會想出辦法的。
4.It’s not what we do in a while that shapes our lives,but what we do consistently.(not...but...)
不是我們一時所做的事而是我們一貫所做的事影響著我們的一生。
5.Whenever he returns to this place,he is happy and contented.(whenever引導時間狀語從句)
每當他回到這個地方,他都既高興又滿足。
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共17.5分)
A
The FIFA Women’s World Cup will take place half a world away—in Brazil in 2027—but football mad families can get a fix of the beautiful game far closer to home.If you are inspired to take a football based break with the kids this summer,here are the cities to head to.
Liverpool
As the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892,Anfield is one of the best known football stadiums on the planet.Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour,with many photo opportunities,dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand.The museum,The Liverpool FC Story,includes the Boom Room exhibition,devoted to the club’s 2019/2020 Premier League win.The guided tour takes around 70 minutes.
Munich
Various ex Premier League stars are currently on Bayern Munich’s books,and the club has long been a grand sporting presence.Six times champions of Europe,Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra modern 75,000 capacity Allianz Arena.Tours include access to the FC Bayern Museum,where countless trophies (獎杯) are on display.
Milan
As the home stadium of both AC Milan and Inter Milan,and a regular venue for internationals,San Siro is a ground with bags of history.Having two resident clubs means double the matches,and a higher likelihood of getting tickets for a game—where the atmosphere can be intense.The guided tour takes around 80 minutes.
Paris
The 80,000 capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals,a World Cup final and a Euros final,with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here.For sports mad kids,however,the appeal doesn’t end there—the same stadium staged the Olympic Games in 2024.The guided tour takes around 90 minutes.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了在這個夏天和孩子們一起享受足球主題的假期可以前往的四個城市,及每個城市與足球相關的特色。
1.Who is the text intended for
A.A Chinese football fan.
B.A French mother with a kid.
C.A visitor getting to London.
D.A primary school student from Germany.
答案　B　[寫作對象題。根據第一段中“If you are inspired to take...the cities to head to.”可知,這篇文章是寫給那些想在夏天和孩子們一起享受足球假期的家長的,故選B項。]
2.What can children do on Anfield tour
A.Attend a football match.
B.Buy dresses conveniently.
C.Overlook the city of Liverpool.
D.Enjoy the club’s newly won trophies.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據Liverpool部分中“As the home of Liverpool FC...the top of the Main Stand.”可知,在安菲爾德球場之旅中,孩子們可以從主看臺頂部俯瞰利物浦市,故選C項。]
3.What do Allianz Arena and Stade de France have in common
A.They offer a guided tour.
B.They have the same size.
C.They can seat a large audience.
D.They have hosted a World Cup final.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據Munich部分中“Six times champions of Europe...75,000 capacity Allianz Arena.”和Paris部分中“The 80,000 capacity Stade de France...Ronaldo winning trophies here.”可知,安聯球場和法蘭西體育場都能容納很多觀眾,故選C項。]
B
When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety,what people come to mind Police officers,firefighters or emergency response teams Would you put your local meteorologist (氣象預報員) in this group That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose,and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge,Louisiana.Ruiz predicts the weather for her community.
In 2020,a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga,Tennessee—and,even closer to home,her house.So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be.
However,her job isn’t without difficulties.“Hearing people have been injured,like in a big hurricane,is really hard,” she said.“We try our best to predict the weather as best as we can,and we are getting better.But it can always change.”
Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns.She said,“We are absolutely seeing changes in weather,with more intense and more frequent storms,which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere,as the planet warms.There are more frequent droughts,stronger storms,and increasing temperature changes.This makes predicting the weather difficult.
Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world.But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy.She said,“I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up.But I kept pushing and working hard,and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market.I’m proud of that.” She wants kids to know they should never give up on their education or their dreams.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要講述了Ashley Ruiz的職業生涯和個人經歷,介紹了她作為氣象預報員的工作內容、面臨的挑戰、對天氣變化的看法,以及她如何克服數學難題成為巴吞魯日首位女性首席氣象預報員的經歷。
4.Why was the disaster in Ruiz’s hometown mentioned in the text
A.To call on people to prepare for disasters.
B.To introduce Ruiz’s unusual childhood experience.
C.To offer a successful example of weather forecast.
D.To show Ruiz’s understanding of the work of a meteorologist.
答案　D　[寫作目的題。文章第二段提到Ruiz家鄉發生的災難是為了展示她對氣象預報員工作的理解。她親身體驗了龍卷風對家鄉的破壞,因此她深刻理解這份工作的重要性和救命的性質。這一經歷使她更加明白作為氣象預報員的責任和使命,故選D項。]
5.What is a challenge of predicting the weather according to the text
A.Climate change.
B.People’s injury.
C.Poor technology.
D.Lack of experience.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據文章第四段可知,氣候變化使得天氣變得更加難以預測,因此這是預測天氣的一個挑戰,故選A項。]
6.Which word can best describe Ruiz according to the last paragraph
A.Creative. B.Clever.
C.Hard working. D.World famous.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知,Ruiz在數學一科上學得很吃力,但她一直堅持不懈地努力工作,最終成為了巴吞魯日電視市場的首位女性首席氣象預報員。這說明她是一個勤奮努力的人,故選C項。]
7.In which section of a newspaper may the text appear
A.Sports. B.People.
C.Education. D.Health.
答案　B　[文章出處題。本文主要介紹了Ashley Ruiz作為氣象預報員的職業生涯和個人經歷。這種關于人物成長和成就的文章更適合出現在報紙的“People”(人物)欄目中,故選B項。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小題1分,共15分)
Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria,Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.She 　1　 herself on movie posters,a leading lady in her country’s globally famous film industry—Nollywood.
Three decades later,Ms.Onye 　2　 it—she has indeed become something,though not quite in the way she dreamed.At the Paris Paralympics (殘奧會),she 　3　 in shot put (鉛球).
Ms.Onye was 　4　 to shot put in her early 20s for the first time,after she moved to Lagos to try to achieve her dream of being a(n) 　5　.To everyone’s surprise,it turned out she 　6　 heaving (投擲) a shot put,however.
In 2011,she 　7　 her country at international competitions.But she had not enough money,and she 　8　 to find the resources to train at a higher level.“I was sometimes training while hungry,” she 　9　.“I once fainted (暈倒) on the track.”
　10　,she kept setting under the guidance of her 　11　 and then breaking her own world record.As a successful athlete,she 　12　 a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film “Lords of Money”.But her 　13　 career remains more of a side gig (副業) now.She continues to train hard to improve her skills as a world class para shot putter.
Now she is 　14　 to make her coach proud again in the next game,because he was the one who first told her,“You have the 　15　 in you to be great.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了尼日利亞的殘疾人運動員奧涅通過自己的努力,成為了一名鉛球運動員,并實現電影夢的故事。
1.A.imagined B.admired
C.noticed D.recommended
答案　A　[根據上文“Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria,Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.”可知,此處指的是她想象著自己出現在電影海報上,故選A項。]
2.A.found B.needed
C.made D.quit
答案　C　[根據下文“she has indeed become something”可知,她確實有所成就,此處指的是她成功了,make it意為“成功或達到目標”,故選C項。]
3.A.competed B.helped
C.trained D.succeeded
答案　A　[根據空格前的“At the Paris Paralympics”可知,她參加了鉛球比賽,也就是在鉛球比賽中競爭,故選A項。]
4.A.reported B.introduced
C.limited D.used
答案　B　[根據下文“in her early 20s for the first time”可知,此處指的是她第一次接觸鉛球,故選B項。]
5.A.dancer B.expert
C.shot putter D.star
答案　D　[根據上文“Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.”可知,此處指她試圖實現自己的明星夢想,故選D項。]
6.A.put off B.relied on
C.was good at D.was patient with
答案　C　[根據下文“In 2011,she 　　　　her country at international competitions.”可知,此處指的是她擅長鉛球,故選C項。]
7.A.chose B.represented
C.changed D.protected
答案　B　[根據下文“But she had not enough money,and she 　　　　to find the resources to train at a higher level.”可知,她尋找資源進行更高水平的訓練,是為了代表國家參加國際比賽,故選B項。]
8.A.agreed B.happened
C.continued D.struggled
答案　D　[根據上文“But she had not enough money”可知,她沒有足夠多的錢,她必須努力尋找資源進行更高水平的訓練,故選D項。]
9.A.remembers B.adds
C.repeats D.complains
答案　A　[根據下文“‘I once fainted on the track.’”可知,她曾經在跑道上暈倒,此處是回憶已經發生的事情,故選A項。]
10.A.Besides B.Therefore
C.Meanwhile D.Still
答案　D　[根據上文“‘I was sometimes training while hungry,’ she 　　　　.‘I once fainted(暈倒) on the track.’”與本句“she kept setting...world record”為轉折關系,故選D項。]
11.A.parents B.coach
C.partners D.friend
答案　B　[根據下文“and then breaking her own world record”可知,她打破了世界紀錄,此處指的應該是在教練的專業指導下進行訓練,故選B項。]
12.A.refused B.discovered
C.landed D.missed
答案　C　[根據下文“a starring role in the...‘Lords of Money’”可知,此處指的是在一部電影中擔任主演,故選C項。]
13.A.acting B.sporting
C.teaching D.writing
答案　A　[根據上文“As a successful athlete,she 　　　　a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film ‘Lords of Money’.”可知,她在電影中擔任主演,此處指的是演藝生涯,故選A項。]
14.A.led B.supposed
C.determined D.surprised
答案　C　[根據下文“to make her coach proud again in Paris”可知,此處是指決心讓她的教練再次感到驕傲,故選C項。]
15.A.idea B.fire
C.pride D.task
答案　B　[根據上文“她決心再次讓她的教練感到驕傲”可知,教練說她擁有變得偉大的熱情的人,故選B項。](共116張PPT)
Part 2　Language Points
(Topic Talk & Lesson 1 & Lesson 2)
內
容
索
引
必備知識自測
核心考點突破
課時測評作業
必 備 知 識 自 測
[核心單詞·練通]
1.　　　　　　 / sImb l/ n.象征,標志
2.　　　　　　 /pr fes / n.教授
3.　　　　　　 / d m t ri/ n.寢室,學生宿舍
4.　　　　　　 / f nIt / n.家具
symbol
professor
dormitory
furniture
[拓展單詞·用活]
1.　　　　　　 / k mft bli/ adv.舒服地,舒適地→comfort n.舒適;安慰 vt.使舒適;安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的,舒適的→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
2.　　　　　　 / f t n/ n.大筆的錢,巨款→fortunate adj.幸運的;吉利的→fortunately adv.幸運地;吉利地
3.　　　　　　 / pri ieIt/ vt.欣賞;賞識→appreciative adj.欣賞的;感激的→ appreciation n.欣賞;感激
4.　　　　　　 / h ɡ / n.饑餓,饑荒→ hungry adj.饑餓的
5.　　　　　　 / ɡIlti/ adj.內疚的,羞愧的→guilt n.內疚;有罪
comfortably
fortune
appreciate
hunger
guilty
[閱讀單詞·識記]
1.millionaire / mIlj ne / n. 　　　　　
2.ultimate / lt m t/ adj. 　　　　　　　
百萬富翁
最后的,最終的
[重點短語·再現]
1.　　　　　　　　 贈送;捐贈;泄露
2.　　　　　　　　 退出,脫離;輟學
3.dream up 　　　　　　　
4.turn one’s back on/upon 　　　　　　　
5.be tired of 　　　　　　　
6.be regarded as 　　　　　　　
7.get on 　　　　　　　
give away
drop out
憑空想出
背棄;拋棄
厭煩
被認為是
發跡;出人頭地
[典型句式·默背]
根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子
1.[句型公式]　動詞-ing形式短語作主語
[教材原句]　For a lot of people,　　　　　　　　　　　　　
is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.
對于很多人來說,成為百萬富翁是成功的象征,并且他們將此作為最終目標。
becoming a millionaire
2.[句型公式]　while作并列連詞
[教材原句]　He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。
while many people had
nothing
3.[句型公式]　not...but...
[教材原句]　Success is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
衡量成功與否不在于你有多少金錢,而在于你如何理解生命的真正意義。
not measured by how much money
you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life
4.[句型公式]　whenever引導時間狀語從句
[教材原句]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　,
he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.
每當他的錢超過兩千美元時,他就會把小額鈔票贈送給當地街道上無家可歸的人。
Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars
5.[句型公式]　what引導主語從句
[教材原句]　　　　　　　　　　　　 is to live simply and be helpful to others.
我想要簡單地生活并能幫助別人。
What I want
核 心 考 點 突 破
核心單詞練透
高考熱點微練
短語句式通關
1.determined adj.堅定的,堅決的
教材原文　be passionate and determined about what you do
對你所做的事充滿激情和決心
感知　語言先輸入
①The determined look in her eyes conveyed her determination to succeed.
②We are determined to follow the examples of excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the society.
③I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be determined to do sth 決心做某事(表示狀態)
(2)determine vt.　　　　 決定;決心
determine on/upon (doing) sth 決定(做)某事
determine to do sth 決定做某事(表示動作)
(3)determination n. 決心;決定
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Their success is due in large part to their 　　　　　　 (determine).
②She’s 　　　　　　(determine) to put her new ideas into practice.
③She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was risky,but she
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
她認為去陌生人家是冒險的,但她決定碰碰運氣。
determination
determined
determined to take a chance/determined on/upon taking a chance
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
決心努力學習,他在墻上鑿了個洞,從鄰居家“偷”光來在晚上讀書。
Determined to study hard
2.committed adj.堅定的;盡心盡力的
教材原文　You’ve seemed very committed to your studies recently.
你最近似乎對學習很投入。
感知　語言先輸入
①With the help of their father,the twins were committed to making delicious breakfast.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
②I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English.(建議信)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be committed to (doing) sth 獻身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)commit v. 做(壞事);犯(罪或錯);承諾;忠于,投入;花(錢或時間)
commit time/money to (doing) sth 在(做)某事上花時間/錢
commit oneself to 投入到……,獻身于……
(3)commitment n. 投入,奉獻;承諾
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①He desires to be admitted to the famous academy and as a consequence,he is 　　　　　　 to studying on a daily basis.I deeply believe that his 　　　　　　does pay off sooner or later.(commit)
②Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(短文投稿,2023·全國甲卷)
范仲淹是一個榜樣,他總是激勵我致力于做一個有價值的人。
committed
commitment
commit myself to being a man of value/be committed to being
a man of value
③I realized 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and how it can help express my feelings.(活動介紹,2024·新課標卷)
我意識到自己對藝術的熱愛是多么堅定,以及它能如何幫助我表達我的感受。
how committed I am to art
3.fortune n.大筆的錢,巨款
教材原文　Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars.
十六年前,詹森是一名大學教授,擁有一套六居室的大房子和兩百萬美元的巨款。
感知　語言先輸入
①These two brothers decided to go to America to seek/try their fortune.
②The deal,to be completed next week,will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market.
③I am fortunate to live in a dormitory where everyone gets along well with others.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)seek/try one’s fortune　 碰運氣;尋出路
make a fortune 發財,賺錢
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
(2)fortunate adj. 幸運的;僥幸的(=lucky)
be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
it is fortunate that... 幸運的是……
(3)fortunately adv. 幸運地(=luckily)
[名師指津]　fortune作名詞且意為“機會;運氣”時,是不可數名詞;作“大筆的錢”時,是可數名詞。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯
①　　　　　　　　 (fortunate),there is no magic list I can offer.
②In China,children are given money in a red envelope symbolizing
　　　　　　　　　 in the New Year,which indicates that they may
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in many ways.
(節日介紹)
在中國,新年時孩子們會收到象征好運的紅包,預示著他們能有幸在很多方面獲得成功。
Unfortunately
good fortune
have the good fortune/be fortunate to succeed
③幸運的是,我們及時趕到了機場。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(be fortunate to do...)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(it is fortunate that...)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(fortunately)
We were fortunate to arrive at the airport in time.
It was fortunate that we arrived at the airport in time.
Fortunately,we arrived at the airport in time.
4.appreciate vt.欣賞;賞識
教材原文　But Jason appreciates this change.
但是詹森很欣賞這種改變。
感知　語言先輸入
①I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island.
②I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation.I’m looking forward to your early reply.(邀請信)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)appreciate+名詞/代詞/動詞-ing 重視/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……,我將不勝感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣賞;感激
in appreciation of 感激……
(3)appreciative adj. 感激的;欣賞的
[名師指津]　當appreciate、hate、dislike、love、like、depend/rely on等詞后接賓語從句時,一般先加形式賓語it,再接賓語從句。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Here I sincerely express my 　　　　　　　　(appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.(求助信)
②The new employees appreciate 　　　　　　　　　 (give) the opportunity to work with the famous professor.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 you could do me a favour.(全國Ⅰ卷)
假如您能幫我一個忙,我將不勝感激。
appreciation
being given
I’d appreciate it if
④Successfully,I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我成功地在我們班級的幾次英語活動中給她幫了忙,這受到了老師和同學們的贊賞。
which has been appreciated by both
teachers and my classmates
5.devote vt.把……奉獻給;專心致力于
教材原文　For more than 50 years,he has devoted his life to rice production and...
五十多年來,他專心致力于水稻產量研究,并且……
感知　語言先輸入
Responsible and devoted to/devoting himself to community work,he is praised by the people around.(全國Ⅰ卷)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)devote...to 把……用于/獻身于/致力于……
devote oneself to 獻身于;致力于;專心于
(2)devoted adj. 忠實的;深愛的;全心全意的
be devoted to (doing) sth 深愛;專心于……;奉獻于……
(3)devotion n. 關愛;關照;奉獻;忠誠
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①From my first job at the restaurant,I learned teamwork and
　　　　　　(devote).
②I decided 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of working with the subjects,while he developed the scientific model.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我決定全身心投入到研究課題的工作中,而他則研發了科學模型。
devotion
to devote myself to the task
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the colors and reflections,and I was quite pleased with the result.
(活動介紹,2024·新課標卷)
我花了很多時間去捕捉顏色和倒影,結果讓我很滿意。
devoted a lot of time to capturing
6.reject vt.拒絕接受;拒收;排斥
教材原文　Luckily for Harry Potter fans,the author J.K.Rowling didn’t listen to the negative comments from the twelve publishers who rejected her books.讓《哈利·波特》的粉絲感到幸運的是作者J.K.羅琳沒有聽拒收其書稿的十二個出版商的負面評論。
感知　語言先輸入
①I don’t know why they rejected admitting Jane into the club.
②Today,I got a rejection letter from a college I didn’t apply to.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)reject doing sth 拒絕做某事
(2)rejection n. 拒絕
a rejection letter 回絕信
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of
　　　　　　(reject).
②She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and asked for a partner.
她拒絕獨自完成這個項目,要求找一個合作伙伴。
③Why did you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
你為什么拒絕我的建議
rejection
rejected doing the project alone
reject my suggestion
7.limit vt.& n.限制,限定
教材原文　...it mentions effective daily practices such as making to-do lists and limiting time on social networking and other distractions.
……它提到一些有效的日常習慣,如制定待辦事項清單、限制在社交網絡及其他讓人分心的事物上花的時間等。
感知　語言先輸入
①We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.
②There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.
③Without friends,your world would be limited to wilderness.
(主旨升華)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)limit...to...　　　　　 把……限制在……內
(2)beyond the limit 超過限度
within the limits of 在……范圍內
set a limit to/on sth 對……規定限度
there is a/no limit to 對……是有限的/無限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to 限于,局限于
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子/完成語段
①Since the new models are expensive,they’re likely to appeal only to a 　　　　　　　　 (limit) market.
②There is 　　　　　　　one’s life, but _______________________
serving the people.
人的生命是有限的,但為人民服務是無限的。
③To be healthy,you should also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
of workout,just as the specialist told you.
為了健康,你也應該像專家告訴你的那樣,對鍛煉時間設定一個限制。
limited
a limit to
no limit to
set a limit to/on the time
④You are required to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
If your essay is 　　　　　　　　　　　　,it will not be accepted.
(通知)
要求你的文章限制在800詞以內。如果你的文章超過限度,將不被錄用。
limit your essay to 800 words
beyond the limit
8.convince vt.說服;使確信
教材原文　Mm,you’ve convinced me to read this book!
嗯,你已說服我閱讀這本書啦!
感知　語言先輸入
①To convince my friend to try a new cuisine,I shared with him a few delicious recipes from the region.
②You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
③I’m fully convinced that with the tips above we will become smart online learners.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)convince sb to do sth 說服某人做某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
(2)convinced adj. 確信的;深信的
be convinced of... 堅信……
be convinced that... 堅信……
(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的;有說服力的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The ending of the novel is a little too simple to be _______________
(convince).
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of honesty,which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.(主旨升華)
我堅信誠實的重要性,它有助于建立一個溫暖、和諧的社會。
convincing
I’m firmly convinced of the significance
③I hope to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for more outdoor painting sessions in the future.(郵件,2024·新課標卷)
我希望將來能說服我的同學們一起參加更多的戶外繪畫課程。
④I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our project would be highly thought of by our teachers.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我深信老師們會高度評價我們的項目。
convince my classmates to join me
was greatly convinced that
片段鞏固(追逐夢想)
用determined;committed;fortune;appreciate;reject;limit;convince完成片段
　　在一個陽光明媚的早晨,李明決心追逐自己的夢想。他滿懷希望地走進藝術學校。知道自己必須全心投入才能脫穎而出,他勇敢面對挑戰。每當懷疑涌上心頭,他都會拒絕放棄的念頭,說服自己繼續前進。每一次失敗都讓他更加珍惜成功的價值。他明白,自己的命運掌握在自己手中,唯有通過奉獻才能突破一切限制。
On a bright morning,Li Ming 1. . He walked into the art school with a heart full of hope.Knowing 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(賓語從句),he faced challenges bravely.Whenever doubts crept in,he would 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Each failure made him 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. He understood that 6.　　　　　　　 lay in his hands,and only through dedication
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (倒裝句).
was determined to chase his
dream
that he had to be fully committed to stand out
reject the idea of giving up
convince himself to keep pushing forward
appreciate the value of success even more
his fortune
could he break any limits
1.make sense有意義;解釋得通
教材原文　Yes,that makes a lot of sense.是的,那太有意義了。
感知　語言先輸入
①It took me quite a few minutes to make sense of what he meant.
②In no sense should you lose heart;keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(建議信)
③There’s no sense in worrying about it now.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)make sense of　 理解;明白
make no sense 沒意義
It makes (no) sense to do sth 做某事(沒)有道理/意義
(2)in a sense 在某一方面;就某種意義來說
in no sense 決不(用在句首時,句子用部分倒裝)
There is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事沒道理
運用　完成句子/詞匯升級
①We read it through,but could not 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
我們從頭到尾讀了一遍,但不明白它說些什么。
②It was an average day in terms of weather,but the scenery was so inspiring that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(郵件,2024·新課標卷)
那天的天氣算不上特別好,但風景如此迷人,讓我覺得創作一些特別的作品是很有意義的。
make sense of it
it made sense to create something special
③Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you understand the poems to be learned.
→Furthermore,you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance,which can help you 　　　　　　　　the poems to be learned.
make sense of
2.get on發跡;出人頭地
教材原文　They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life.
他們沒有接受教育和開啟新生活的機會。
感知　語言先輸入
①He isn’t good at talking but he gets on well with other people.
②After getting off the train,we got into the car and headed for the airport.
③I tried to get in touch with Peter,but I couldn’t get through to him.
記牢　知識再梳理
get off　　　　　　　　　 下(車、船等)
get into 進入;陷入
get through 完成;(電話)打通;到達;度過,熬過
get down to (doing) sth 開始認真做某事
get on (well) with 與……相處(融洽)
運用　完成句子
①I am tired of the partner I have been working with because
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我很討厭這個與我一直在一起工作的伙伴,因為他很難相處。
②Parents are always anxious for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
父母總是急切地盼望孩子們出人頭地。
he is hard to get on with
their children to get on
③You’d better 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
quickly,or you will miss the deadline.
你最好趕快開始做作業,否則你會錯過最后期限的。
④I want you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of mind.
我想讓你進入一種全新的心態。
get down to doing your homework
to get into a whole new state
3.drop out退出,脫離;輟學
教材原文　Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
感知　語言先輸入
①We were passing by the museum,so we decided to drop in and see the new exhibit.
②I thought I’d drop in on you while I was passing.
③The Hope Project is designed to help those children who have to drop out of school because of poverty.
記牢　知識再梳理
drop in/round/by 順便拜訪
drop in on sb 順便拜訪某人
drop out of 從……中退出
運用　完成句子
①Next time you are in Guangzhou,please 　　　　　　　　　　.
下次來廣州請一定來看我。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when you are free.
有空就順便來坐坐。
③She started on engineering degree but _______________________
after only a year.
她開始攻讀工程學學位,但僅一年后就輟學了。
drop in on me
Drop in/round/by
dropped out
④Many students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
because of the lack of teaching support.
許多學生因為缺乏教學支持而退出了在線課程。
drop out of online courses
4.句型公式:while作并列連詞
教材原文　He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
自己應有盡有,而許多人一無所有,他厭倦了被認為過著成功的生活。
感知　語言先輸入
①We must strike while the iron is hot.
②While I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.
③At school,some students are outgoing,while some are shy,yet they can be good friends with one another.(學校生活)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)引導時間狀語從句,意思是“當……的時候;在……期間”。
(2)引導讓步狀語從句,意思是“盡管;雖然”。
(3)連接兩個并列分句(表示對比關系),可譯作“而,然而”。
運用　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, there exist some disadvantages.(發言稿)
盡管網絡學習證明是有用的,但也存在一些缺點。
②It bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged animal 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　.
(心理描寫)
使我心煩的是我像困獸一樣困在南瓜中,而媽媽在拍攝著我的糗事。
While online learning proves useful
while my mom was filming my whole embarrassment
③David rang up 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
你不在的時候戴維打電話來了。
while you were out
5.句型公式:動詞-ing形式短語作主語
教材原文　Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式,他發現只擁有少量金錢使他獲得了自由。
感知　語言先輸入
①Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation,but that would be likely to increase the chances of infection.(作主語)
②David suggested selling your house to pay the debt.(作賓語)
③His job is selling cars at the moment.(作表語)
記牢　知識再梳理
動詞-ing形式(短語)相當于名詞,在句中可以用作主語、賓語、表語等。需要注意的是,單個動詞-ing形式(短語)用作主語時,其謂語動詞要用單數形式。
運用　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 your health.
飯前洗手對你的健康有好處。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is his job.
收集有關兒童健康的信息是他的工作。
③After 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he hurried to the station.
看了看表之后,他匆忙趕往火車站。
④His favorite hobby is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
他最大的愛好是在海里游泳。
Washing hands before meals is good for
Collecting information about children’s health
looking at his watch
swimming in the ocean
6.句型公式:祈使句+and+陳述句
教材原文　Follow our five secrets and you can do it!
遵循我們的五個秘訣,你也能做到!
感知　語言先輸入
①Give me a chance,and I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.(=If you give me a chance,I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.)
②Go to bed earlier or you’ll be really tired tomorrow.(=If you don’t go to bed earlier,you’ll be really tired tomorrow.)
③Another step and the child will fall into the well.(=If the child takes another step,she/he will fall into the well.)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)“祈使句+and+陳述句”相當于“if引導的條件狀語從句+主句”,表示祈使句與后面的句子是順承關系。
(2)“祈使句+or (else)/otherwise+陳述句”相當于“if+否定條件狀語從句+主句”。
(3)“名詞詞組+and+陳述句”。名詞詞組中通常含有more、another、further、earlier等詞,用來敘述肯定的情況。
運用　單句語法填空/同義句轉換/一句多譯
①Start working hard from now on,　　　　　　　　　　
you’ll regret soon.
②Hurry up or we will be late.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we will be late.
③If you give me one more chance,I’ll do better.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and I’ll do better.
otherwise/or
If you don’t hurry
One more chance
④如果你努力學習,以后你會感激自己的。
→
(祈使句+and+陳述句)
→
(含if條件句的復合句)
→
(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)
Work hard,and you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.
If you work hard,you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.
Working hard,you will be grateful to yourself afterwards.
片段鞏固(走向成功)
用make sense;get on;drop out;while;動詞-ing形式短語作主語;“祈使句+and+陳述句”完成心理、動作描寫的片段
　　當你真正相信你能實現夢想的時候,追求你的夢想往往才是有意義的。繼續你的旅程需要努力和決心。雖然有些人在面對挑戰時可能會選擇放棄,但那些堅持不懈的人最終會找到通往成功的道路。保持專注,不斷前進,你就會看到努力的成果。記住,每一個挑戰都是成長的機會,讓你更接近夢想。
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (動詞-ing形式短語作主語) when you truly believe you can achieve it. 2. (動詞-ing形式短語作主語).3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(讓步狀語從句) when faced with challenges,those who keep going will find their path to success at last.4.
(祈使句+and+陳述句).Remember,every challenge is an opportunity for growth,leading you closer to your dream.
Pursuing your dream can often make sense
Getting
on with your journey requires hard work and determination
While some may choose to drop out
Stay committed and keep
pushing forward,and you will see the results of your efforts
Ⅰ.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思
1.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet,sound can now create silence.　　　　　
2.I appreciate your kindness.You’ve been a huge help to me.
　　　　　
3.What are your neighbours like Do you get on with them
　　　　　
4.These people deserve to make more than the minimum wage.
　　　　　
5.She has contracted to work 20 hours a week.　　　　　
vi.渴望
vt.感激
相處融洽
adj.最低的
vi.簽合同
Ⅱ.選出limit的漢語意思
A.n.限度,限制　B.n.極限,限量　C.n.(區域的)界限,邊界　D.vt.限制,限定
1.To succeed,you must limit distractions and focus on your goals.　　
2.He reached the limit of his endurance during the marathon,pushing himself to the extreme.　　
3.The speed limit on this road is 60 miles per hour,ensuring safety for all drivers.　　
4.The garden has a beautiful fence that marks the limit of our property.　　
D
B
A
C
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
Ⅰ.單詞情景運用(每小題1分,共10分)
1.You seem to be very 　　　　　　　　 (熱心的) about his idea.
2.People are not 　　　　　　(樂觀的) about the outcome of the talks between the two countries.
3.The young 　　　　　　　　(雇員) has got a rise in salary for his excellent work.
4.Red has always been a 　　　　　　　　 (象征) of life and boom.
enthusiastic
optimistic
employee
symbol
5.We have just bought a lot of new 　　　　　　(家具) for the new apartment.
6.The great majority of the players would,of course,sign the
　　　　　　　　　 / k ntr kt/ without hesitation.
7.We should reduce the disadvantages of the Internet to the
　　　　　　　/ mIn m m/.
8.The female headmaster r　　　　　　　　　 the plan made by the youngest teacher,which made him very angry.
furniture
contract
minimum
ejected
9.Drivers are supposed to l　　　　　　　　　　 the speed in the neighborhood because children may be playing there.
10.It is a p　　　　　　　　 from Peking University who will give us a lecture about physics.
imit
rofessor
Ⅱ.詞形轉換填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The football player had to quit the career for his _______________
(injure) in the leg.
2.First of all,you should be a 　　　　　　　 (commit) member of the team.
3.He built a hugely successful career through years of hard work and
　　　　　　　(determine).
injury
committed
determination
4.The young couple are very 　　　　　　　　 (ambition) for their child.
5.He settled himself 　　　　　　　 (comfortable)in his usual chair.
6.The attitude of the author toward advertisers is ________________
(appreciate).
7.My friend was 　　　　　　　　　(hunger),so we drove to a shopping mall to get some food.
ambitious
comfortably
appreciative
hungry
8.I felt 　　　　　　　　(guilt) about not visiting my parents more often.
9.Thanks to the expert,our rice 　　　　　　(produce) has increased by 20%.
10.The woman is one of the most 　　　　　　(influence) figures in local politics.
guilty
production
influential
Ⅲ.短語情景運用(每小題1.5分,共9分)
get on,drop out,be tired of,make sense,give away,dream up
1.Some Internet words can only 　　　　　　　　with the context of Internet.
2.Some ambitious young men decided to try their fortune in big cities, dreaming of 　　　　　　　　　.
3.The millionaire was tired of living a rich but meaningless life,so he 　　　　　　　　　 all his money to charities.
make sense
getting on
gave away
4.There are still many children 　　　　　　　　of school for various reasons in that country.
5.John shook his head.He 　　　　　　　　　　　 quarrelling with the man.
6.I 　　　　　　　　　　 a plan to solve both problems at once.
dropping out
was tired of
dreamed up
Ⅳ.典型句式集訓(每小題2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was a big challenge,but she did not lose heart.(動詞-ing形式短語作主語)
損失兩大主力隊員是個巨大的挑戰,但是她沒有氣餒。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is that my uncle will always motivate me to stick to my dream whenever I come across difficulties.
(what引導主語從句)
給我印象最深的是,每當我遇到困難時,我的叔叔總是激勵我堅持自己的夢想。
Losing two important players
What impresses me most
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and you will find a way.
(祈使句+and+陳述句)
動動腦筋,你就會想出辦法的。
4.It’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that shapes our lives,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 consistently.(not...but...)
不是我們一時所做的事而是我們一貫所做的事影響著我們的一生。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he is happy and contented.(whenever引導時間狀語從句)
每當他回到這個地方,他都既高興又滿足。
Use your head
not what we do in a while
but what we do
Whenever he returns to this place
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共17.5分)
A
The FIFA Women’s World Cup will take place half a world away—in Brazil in 2027—but football-mad families can get a fix of the beautiful game far closer to home.If you are inspired to take a football-based break with the kids this summer,here are the cities to head to.
Liverpool
As the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892, Anfield is one of the best-known football stadiums on the planet. Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour, with many photo opportunities,dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand.The museum,The Liverpool FC Story,includes the Boom Room exhibition,devoted to the club’s 2019/2020 Premier League win.The guided tour takes around 70 minutes.
Munich
Various ex-Premier League stars are currently on Bayern Munich’s books,and the club has long been a grand sporting presence. Six times champions of Europe,Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra-modern 75,000-capacity Allianz Arena. Tours include access to the FC Bayern Museum,where countless trophies (獎杯) are on display.
Milan
As the home stadium of both AC Milan and Inter Milan,and a regular venue for internationals,San Siro is a ground with bags of history.Having two resident clubs means double the matches,and a higher likelihood of getting tickets for a game—where the atmosphere can be intense.The guided tour takes around 80 minutes.
Paris
The 80,000-capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals,a World Cup final and a Euros final,with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here.For sports-mad kids,however,the appeal doesn’t end there—the same stadium staged the Olympic Games in 2024.The guided tour takes around 90 minutes.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了在這個夏天和孩子們一起享受足球主題的假期可以前往的四個城市,及每個城市與足球相關的特色。
1.Who is the text intended for
A.A Chinese football fan.
B.A French mother with a kid.
C.A visitor getting to London.
D.A primary school student from Germany.
解析　寫作對象題。根據第一段中“If you are inspired to take...the cities to head to.”可知,這篇文章是寫給那些想在夏天和孩子們一起享受足球假期的家長的,故選B項。
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2.What can children do on Anfield tour
A.Attend a football match.
B.Buy dresses conveniently.
C.Overlook the city of Liverpool.
D.Enjoy the club’s newly-won trophies.
解析　細節理解題。根據Liverpool部分中“As the home of Liverpool FC...the top of the Main Stand.”可知,在安菲爾德球場之旅中,孩子們可以從主看臺頂部俯瞰利物浦市,故選C項。
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3.What do Allianz Arena and Stade de France have in common
A.They offer a guided tour.
B.They have the same size.
C.They can seat a large audience.
D.They have hosted a World Cup final.
解析　細節理解題。根據Munich部分中“Six times champions of Europe...75,000-capacity Allianz Arena.”和Paris部分中“The 80,000-capacity Stade de France...Ronaldo winning trophies here.”可知,安聯球場和法蘭西體育場都能容納很多觀眾,故選C項。
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B
When you think about who’s responsible for a city’s safety,what people come to mind Police officers,firefighters or emergency response teams Would you put your local meteorologist (氣象預報員) in this group That’s the career Ashley Ruiz chose,and she’s now the first female chief meteorologist in Baton Rouge,Louisiana.Ruiz predicts the weather for her community.
In 2020,a tornado hit Ruiz’s hometown of Chattanooga, Tennessee—and,even closer to home,her house.So she said she knew what a lifesaving job this could be.
However,her job isn’t without difficulties.“Hearing people have been injured,like in a big hurricane,is really hard,” she said.“We try our best to predict the weather as best as we can,and we are getting better.But it can always change.”
Ruiz talked about the new and changing weather patterns.She said,“We are absolutely seeing changes in weather,with more intense and more frequent storms,which relate to climate change.” Weather is changing everywhere,as the planet warms.There are more frequent droughts,stronger storms,and increasing temperature changes.This makes predicting the weather difficult.
Ruiz always knew she was interested in weather and how it affected the world.But her path to a career in meteorology wasn’t easy.She said,“I struggled so hard with math and wanted to give up.But I kept pushing and working hard,and now I’m the first woman chief meteorologist in the Baton Rouge TV market.I’m proud of that.” She wants kids to know they should never give up on their education or their dreams.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要講述了Ashley Ruiz的職業生涯和個人經歷,介紹了她作為氣象預報員的工作內容、面臨的挑戰、對天氣變化的看法,以及她如何克服數學難題成為巴吞魯日首位女性首席氣象預報員的經歷。
4.Why was the disaster in Ruiz’s hometown mentioned in the text
A.To call on people to prepare for disasters.
B.To introduce Ruiz’s unusual childhood experience.
C.To offer a successful example of weather forecast.
D.To show Ruiz’s understanding of the work of a meteorologist.
解析　寫作目的題。文章第二段提到Ruiz家鄉發生的災難是為了展示她對氣象預報員工作的理解。她親身體驗了龍卷風對家鄉的破壞,因此她深刻理解這份工作的重要性和救命的性質。這一經歷使她更加明白作為氣象預報員的責任和使命,故選D項。
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5.What is a challenge of predicting the weather according to the text
A.Climate change.
B.People’s injury.
C.Poor technology.
D.Lack of experience.
解析　細節理解題。根據文章第四段可知,氣候變化使得天氣變得更加難以預測,因此這是預測天氣的一個挑戰,故選A項。
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6.Which word can best describe Ruiz according to the last paragraph
A.Creative. B.Clever.
C.Hard-working. D.World-famous.
解析　推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知,Ruiz在數學一科上學得很吃力,但她一直堅持不懈地努力工作,最終成為了巴吞魯日電視市場的首位女性首席氣象預報員。這說明她是一個勤奮努力的人,故選C項。
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7.In which section of a newspaper may the text appear
A.Sports. B.People.
C.Education. D.Health.
解析　文章出處題。本文主要介紹了Ashley Ruiz作為氣象預報員的職業生涯和個人經歷。這種關于人物成長和成就的文章更適合出現在報紙的“People”(人物)欄目中,故選B項。
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Ⅱ.完形填空(每小題1分,共15分)
Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria,Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.She 　1　 herself on movie posters,a leading lady in her country’s globally famous film industry—Nollywood.
Three decades later,Ms.Onye 　2　 it—she has indeed become something,though not quite in the way she dreamed.At the Paris Paralympics (殘奧會),she 　3　 in shot put (鉛球).
Ms.Onye was 　4　 to shot put in her early 20s for the first time,after she moved to Lagos to try to achieve her dream of being a(n) 　5　.To everyone’s surprise,it turned out she 　6　 heaving (投擲) a shot put,however.
In 2011,she 　7　 her country at international competitions.But she had not enough money,and she 　8　 to find the resources to train at a higher level.“I was sometimes training while hungry,” she 　9　. “I once fainted (暈倒) on the track.”
　10　,she kept setting under the guidance of her 　11　 and then breaking her own world record.As a successful athlete,she 　12　 a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film “Lords of Money”.But her 　13　 career remains more of a side gig (副業) now.She continues to train hard to improve her skills as a world-class para shot-putter.
Now she is 　14　 to make her coach proud again in the next game,because he was the one who first told her,“You have the 　15　 in you to be great.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了尼日利亞的殘疾人運動員奧涅通過自己的努力,成為了一名鉛球運動員,并實現電影夢的故事。
1.A.imagined B.admired C.noticed D.recommended
解析　根據上文“Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria, Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.”可知,此處指的是她想象著自己出現在電影海報上,故選A項。
2.A.found B.needed C.made D.quit
解析　根據下文“she has indeed become something”可知,她確實有所成就,此處指的是她成功了,make it意為“成功或達到目標”,故選C項。
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3.A.competed B.helped C.trained D.succeeded
解析　根據空格前的“At the Paris Paralympics”可知,她參加了鉛球比賽,也就是在鉛球比賽中競爭,故選A項。
4.A.reported B.introduced C.limited D.used
解析　根據下文“in her early 20s for the first time”可知,此處指的是她第一次接觸鉛球,故選B項。
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5.A.dancer B.expert C.shot-putter D.star
解析　根據上文“Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.”可知,此處指她試圖實現自己的明星夢想,故選D項。
6.A.put off B.relied on C.was good at D.was patient with
解析　根據下文“In 2011,she 　　　　her country at international competitions.”可知,此處指的是她擅長鉛球,故選C項。
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7.A.chose B.represented C.changed D.protected
解析　根據下文“But she had not enough money,and she 　　　　to find the resources to train at a higher level.”可知,她尋找資源進行更高水平的訓練,是為了代表國家參加國際比賽,故選B項。
8.A.agreed B.happened C.continued D.struggled
解析　根據上文“But she had not enough money”可知,她沒有足夠多的錢,她必須努力尋找資源進行更高水平的訓練,故選D項。
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9.A.remembers B.adds C.repeats D.complains
解析　根據下文“‘I once fainted on the track.’”可知,她曾經在跑道上暈倒,此處是回憶已經發生的事情,故選A項。
10.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Still
解析　根據上文“‘I was sometimes training while hungry,’ she 　　　　.‘I once fainted(暈倒) on the track.’”與本句“she kept setting...world record”為轉折關系,故選D項。
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11.A.parents B.coach C.partners D.friend
解析　根據下文“and then breaking her own world record”可知,她打破了世界紀錄,此處指的應該是在教練的專業指導下進行訓練,故選B項。
12.A.refused B.discovered C.landed D.missed
解析　根據下文“a starring role in the...‘Lords of Money’”可知,此處指的是在一部電影中擔任主演,故選C項。
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13.A.acting B.sporting C.teaching D.writing
解析　根據上文“As a successful athlete,she 　　　　a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film ‘Lords of Money’.”可知,她在電影中擔任主演,此處指的是演藝生涯,故選A項。
14.A.led B.supposed C.determined D.surprised
解析　根據下文“to make her coach proud again in Paris”可知,此處是指決心讓她的教練再次感到驕傲,故選C項。
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15.A.idea B.fire C.pride D.task
解析　根據上文“她決心再次讓她的教練感到驕傲”可知,教練說她擁有變得偉大的熱情的人,故選B項。
√Part 3　Grammar (1)——動詞 ing形式
動 詞 ing 形 式 定義 屬于非謂語動詞,可以構成動詞 ing形式短語
功能 作主語:往往表示經常性、習慣性的動作 作賓語:一種是作及物動詞的賓語,另一種是作介詞的賓語 作表語:多指抽象的、習慣性的動作
復合 結構 其邏輯主語一般由形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格或名詞的通格來充當
動詞 ing形式屬于非謂語動詞,它保留動詞的某些特征,可以帶有自己的賓語和狀語(系動詞還可帶表語),構成動詞 ing形式短語,在句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補語等。此處重點講解其作主語、賓語和表語的三種情況。
一、動詞 ing形式作主語
[先感知]
①Skiing is a very popular sport in northern China.(人教選一U3)
滑雪在中國北方是一項非常受歡迎的運動。
②Working out the idea behind the subheadings can help you better understand the structure and the key points of the text.(人教選一U3)
弄清楚副標題背后的觀點可以幫助你更好地理解文本的結構和關鍵點。
[會發現]　句①中Skiing為單個的動詞 ing形式作主語,句②中Working out the idea behind the subheadings為動詞 ing形式短語作主語。
[明規則]　動詞 ing形式(短語)作主語往往表示經常性、習慣性的動作。
[名師指津]　
(1)動詞 ing形式作主語泛指經常性、習慣性的動作,而不定式多表示特指的、一次性的、具體的動作。being done為動詞 ing形式的被動語態。
Being invited to the palace ball made her excited.
被邀請參加宮廷舞會使她興奮不已。
To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.
受邀參加這次宮廷舞會將是令人興奮的事。
(2)動詞 ing形式作主語,謂語動詞一般用單數形式。
Planting many trees is very good for our environment.
多種樹對我們的環境非常有好處。
(3)在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/a waste of time/fun doing sth句型中,It作形式主語,后面的動詞 ing形式作真正的主語。
It’s no use wishing for the impossible.
企求不可能的事情是徒勞無益的。
It is a waste of time talking about such useless things.
談論這些沒用的事情是在浪費時間。
[對點練]　完成句子
①Swimming is a good sport in summer.
在夏天游泳是一項很好的運動。
②It is no use telling him not to worry.
告訴他不要擔心是沒有用的。
③Working in these conditions is not a pleasure.
在這種條件下工作不是一件愉快的事。
④Being exposed to the sun for long is harmful to your health.
長時間暴露在陽光下對你的健康有害。
二、動詞 ing形式作賓語
[先感知]
①Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.(人教選一U4)
專家建議對著鏡子里的自己微笑,從而讓自己感到更快樂、更堅強。
②We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.(人教選一U4)
我們可以通過觀察人們的肢體語言來了解他們在想什么。
[會發現]　句①中動詞 ing形式作及物動詞suggest的賓語,句②中動詞 ing形式作介詞by的賓語。
[明規則]　動詞 ing形式作賓語分為兩種情況,一種是作及物動詞的賓語,另一種是作介詞的賓語。
[名師指津]　
(1)下列幾組詞后接動詞 ing形式作賓語和不定式作賓語的含義不同。動詞不定式形式用于動詞后通常表示以后要發生的動作;而動詞 ing用在動詞后則表示已發生或常態的動作。
forget doing sth 　　　　 忘記已做過某事
forget to do sth 忘記要做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
remember to do sth 記住要做某事
mean doing sth 意味著做某事
mean to do sth 打算做某事
regret doing sth 后悔做過某事
regret to do sth 遺憾要做某事
can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
can’t help (to) do sth 不能幫忙做某事
(2)在allow、permit、advise等動詞后直接跟動詞 ing形式作賓語,如果這些詞后面有名詞或代詞作賓語,其后要用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
We don’t allow smoking in the school.
我們不允許在學校抽煙。
We don’t allow students to smoke.
我們不允許學生抽煙。
(3)下列動詞后可接動詞 ing的主動形式表示被動意義,相當于不定式的被動形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
The bike needs repairing.
=The bike needs to be repaired.
這輛自行車需要修一下。
[對點練]　單句語法填空
①Bill suggested holding (hold) a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
②It really annoys me when people forget to say (say) thank you.
③When it comes to speaking (speak) in public,no one can match him.
④His parents won’t allow him to stay (stay) out late.
⑤I never dreamed of meeting (meet) you in China,and I’m always looking forward to seeing (see) you.
三、動詞 ing形式作表語
[先感知]
①The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.(人教選一U4)
關鍵是以適合你所身處的文化的方式來使用肢體語言。
②A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.(人教選一U4)
說“我吃飽了”的一個好方法是在飯后將手放在肚子上打圈。
[會發現]　句①中動詞 ing形式using body language...作表語,句②中動詞 ing形式moving your hand...作表語。
[明規則]　動詞 ing形式作表語時,多指抽象的、習慣性的動作。主語通常是表示無生命事物的名詞。表語與主語通常是對等關系,表示主語的內容,有時可互換位置。
[對點練]　完成句子
①What I hate most is being laughed at.
我最恨的就是被別人嘲笑。
②Your task is cleaning the windows.
你的任務就是擦窗戶。
③The goal of the activity is encouraging Chinese youths to contribute to the development of the country.
這項活動的目標是鼓勵中國青年為祖國發展做出貢獻。
四、動詞 ing形式的復合結構
[先感知]
①Do you mind my/me opening the door
你介意我打開門嗎
②Can you imagine astronauts/astronauts’ walking in space
你能想象出宇航員在太空漫步的情景嗎
[會發現]　句①中my/me opening the door為動詞 ing形式的復合結構,句②中astronauts/astronauts’ walking in space為動詞 ing形式的復合結構。
[明規則]　如果動詞 ing形式有自己的邏輯主語,這便構成了動詞 ing形式的復合結構。其邏輯主語一般由形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格或名詞的通格來充當。在口語中,形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格可分別由人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的通格代替。
[名師指津]　當動詞 ing形式的復合結構作主語時,其邏輯主語只用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞表示。否定形式not應放在邏輯主語和動詞 ing形式之間。
The students’ knowing English well will help them to learn French.
學生學好英語對學習法語有幫助。
His not coming added to our difficulty.
他沒來,這增加了我們的困難。
[對點練]　完成句子
①Mary’s coming late made the teacher angry.
瑪麗的遲到使老師很生氣。
②My worry is your changing your mind.
我擔心的是你改變主意。
③Would you mind my/me smoking here
你介意我在這吸煙嗎
[基礎語境練]
維度一　基礎填空題(選詞填空)(每小題1分,共6分)
1.Some students have trouble spelling (to spell/spelling) English words.
2.Students shouldn’t spend too much time chatting (chat/chatting) online.
3.—Remember to invite (inviting/to invite) Peter to your birthday party.
—I remember inviting (inviting/to invite) him yesterday afternoon.
4.If you feel tired,you can stop walking (to walk/walking)to have a rest.
5.I am 12 years old.I like riding (ride/riding) my bicycle.
6.I’m sleepy.I prefer sleeping (sleeping/to sleep) at home to going out for a walk.
維度二　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.It’s no pleasure spending (spend) the holiday just at home.
2.Reading (read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.
3.I can’t imagine Peter sailing (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
4.The employees still remember visiting (visit) the company for the first time.
5.By comparison,his worst habit is watching (watch) TV all night on weekends.
6.As the saying goes,it’s no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.
7.What made her parents surprised was her being admitted (admit) to her dream university.
8.It is well worth cycling (cycle) along the route,which will reward you with breathtaking scenery.
9.All the educationalists try their best to prevent the students from being appealed (appeal) to online games.
10.As a result of the serious flood,two thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing (repair).
維度三　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共20分)
1.It’s no use arguing with him,so we should think it over.
跟他爭論沒用,我們應該再仔細考慮一下。
2.Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.
有的時候放棄一些可能意味著得到更多。
3.As we all know,her hobby is going out for a walk after supper.
大家都知道,她的愛好是晚飯后出去散步。
4.I was grateful to you for helping me overcome so many difficulties.
我很感激您幫助我克服如此多的困難。
5.They had to delay holding the sports meeting on account of the bad weather.
由于天氣不好,他們不得不推遲舉行體育運動會。
6.The book recommended by Professor Wang is well worth reading.
王教授推薦的那本書非常值得一讀。
7.I regret to inform you of the job rejection and regret making an early commitment.
我很遺憾地通知你,你被這份工作拒絕了,我很后悔提前做了承諾。
8.Linda’s passing the exam makes us very excited.
琳達通過了這次考試,這讓我們都很興奮。
9.Jenny doesn’t mind her book being taken away and used by other students.
詹妮并不介意她的書被別的學生拿去用。
10.It is widely recognized that making use of every opportunity to speak English can improve your learning efficiency.
人們普遍認為,利用每一個機會說英語可以提高你的學習效率。
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題2分,共14分)
根據漢語提示完成語段
I crossed the street to avoid 1.meeting him (見到他),but he saw me and came running towards me.It was no use 2.pretending that I had not seen him (假裝沒看見他),so I waved to him.I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.He never has anything to do.No matter how busy you are,he always insists on 3.coming with you (和你一起來).I had to think of a way of preventing him from 4.following me around all morning (整個上午都跟著我).
“Hello,Nigel,” I said.“Fancy meeting you here!”
“Hi,Elizabeth,” Nigel answered.“I was just wondering how to spend the morning—until I saw you.You’re not busy 5.doing anything (做任何事),are you ”
“No,not at all,” I answered.“I’m going to...”
“Would you mind 6.my coming with you (我和你一起去) ”he asked,before I had finished speaking.
“Not at all,” I lied,“but I’m going to the dentist.”
“Then I’ll come with you,” he answered.“There’s always plenty to read 7.in the waiting room (在候診室里)!”
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life.People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions.Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change,for instance,many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals,we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful,with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains.But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish:rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions,they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments,the decisions were made in one of two settings.In the transparent (透明的) setting,decision makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner.In an ambiguous (模糊的) setting,decision makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate—although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information.Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner—a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions,it may make people feel less threatened and,as a result,be less willfully ignorant.Other research groups have found promising ways to do this.For instance,we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt trip them for what they have failed to do.Highlighting recent global achievements,such as healing the ozone (臭氧) layer,can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short,we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,研究發現40%的人為了避免負罪感選擇忽視行為后果,而40%的人主動尋求信息以幫助他人。文章建議減少道德壓力,鼓勵積極地思考善行,以減少故意無知,促進更無私的行為。
1.Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A.To make easier choices to be a good person.
B.To increase their own benefits more than others’.
C.To avoid the influence of consequences on actions.
D.To get the most benefits without a sense of shame.
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據第二段中“...we discovered that willful ignorance...while maximizing their own gains”可知,有些人選擇不了解他們行為的后果,是為了獲得最大的利益而不感到羞恥,故選D項。]
2.How can willful ignorance be prevented
A.By focusing less on its morality.
B.By stressing its potential threat.
C.By being more positive about oneself.
D.By getting people aware of their actions.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第五段中“If we can avoid putting...be less willfully ignorant.”可知,通過減少對道德的關注,可以防止故意的無知,故選A項。]
3.In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage
A.Literature. B.Technology.
C.Biology. D.Psychology.
答案　D　[文章出處題。通讀全文可知,貫穿文章的關鍵詞是“故意無知”,文章主要探討了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,通過實驗研究了人們在不同情境下的決策行為,并提出了減少“故意無知”的方法。文章內容涉及心理學領域的研究,因此我們很可能在心理學欄目中閱讀到該文章,故選D項。]
4.What is the passage mainly about
A.The reason for willful ignorance.
B.The harmful effects of willful ignorance.
C.The results of willful ignorance.
D.The influence of willful ignorance on environment.
答案　A　[主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第二段中“We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.”可知,作者通過實驗數據,探究了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,研究發現40%的人為了避免負罪感選擇忽視行為后果,而40%的人主動尋求信息以幫助他人。針對該原因,作者建議減少道德壓力,鼓勵積極地思考善行,以減少“故意無知”,促進更無私的行為。因此,文章總體是呈現“故意無知”的原因,故選A項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
So,what does it take to be great I thoroughly reject the “10 years,10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time.　1　
Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes.If you received good ones from your parents,thank them.If you didn’t,don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either.　2　
Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given,but it is a bit overrated.　3　 What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great,but it isn’t enough.The world is full of gifted failures,of “can’t miss kids” who missed.Talent is only the starting point to greatness and,if you’re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery,it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great.　4　 You have to work hard,push your limits,and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in.
Ultimately,being great isn’t about being objectively great because,as noted above,the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is,statistically,very small.　5　 I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with.That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement,but,if you do what is necessary,you will find a reasonable level of success.
A.Instead,let it go and focus on what you can control.
B.But,of course,races aren’t won at the start,but at the finish.
C.Rather,your goal should be to find your own personal greatness.
D.Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness.
E.You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness.
F.The reality is that genes matter,whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent.
G.They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就怎樣才能成為偉大的人發表了自己的觀點,即充分認識到你與生俱來的任何能力,從而找到一個合理的成功水平。
1.F　[由上文可知,作者這里否定只要時間足夠就能成為專家,而F項(事實上,基因很重要,無論是天生的智力還是天生的身體天賦。)符合語境,即提出自己的觀點——基因決定能否成為偉人,且The reality 與下文Another reality 對應,故選F項。]
2.A　[由上文可知,這里講你無法控制你的基因,而A項(相反,不必追究它,專注于你能控制的事情。)符合語境,其中Instead與上文形成轉折,can control也與上文 can’t control形成對比,故選A項。]
3.D　[由下文可知,這里講天生的能力也并不足以讓你變得偉大,而D項(天生的能力是偉大的必要不充分因素。)符合語境,其中Inborn ability與上下文對應,下句也對本句進行了解釋說明,故選D項。]
4.B　[由上文可知,這里主要講天賦只是讓你起點領先,但不保證終點能領先。而B項(但是,當然,比賽不是在開始時獲勝,而是在結束時獲勝。)符合語境,其中at the start與上文at the beginning對應,at the finish與下文get to the finish 對應,故選B項。]
5.C　[由下文可知,這里主要講充分認識到你與生俱來的任何能力來實現適合你自己的偉大,而C項(相反,你的目標應該是找到自己的個人偉大之處。)符合語境,其中 your own personal greatness為下文 that的指代內容,故選C項。]
Ⅲ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
While cross stitch (十字繡) 1.　　　　　　　　 (practice) in China for hundreds of years,it is only just becoming popular among average people.Luckily,cross stitch is a fairly easy art 2.　　　　　　　　 (learn) and there are many patterns available to help people sew 3.　　　　　　 (amaze) pictures by themselves.
Sometimes,cross stitching is done over designs printed on fairly thick fabric,called stamped cross stitch,4.　　　　　　 more usually the stitcher counts the threads in both directions so that they are even,which 5.　　　　　　 (know) as counted cross stitch.
The patterns of cross stitches vary 6.　　　　　　 (wide),especially depending on the tradition and background of the stitcher.Central European cross stitching tends to show geometric patterns in one or two colors,and it is also not uncommon to see cross stitch scenes that incorporate trees,birds,wildlife,flowers and other natural elements.
Chinese style cross stitch patterns include elements of unique Chinese culture,many of 7.　　　　　　 you might find in a 8.　　　　　　 (tradition) Chinese painting,such as Chinese 9.　　　　　　 (character),Chinese sayings,dragons,mythical gods and so on.Very often,Chinese cross stitch patterns convey a theme of luck or good wish,which is why cross stitches are likely to be hung in the home or given 10.　　　　　　 gifts.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統民間藝術十字繡,包括其所用的材料及其樣式等相關內容。
1.has been practiced　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。根據“for hundreds of years”可知,此處應用現在完成時,且主語cross stitch 與動詞practice之間是被動關系,應用其被動語態。主語為單數,謂語動詞應用單數第三人稱。]
2.to learn　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,此處應用不定式作后置定語。]
3.amazing　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞修飾名詞;表示“令人驚訝的”應用amazing。]
4.but　[考查并列連詞。上文講十字繡有時候使用印花十字繡完成,下文講更常見的是計數十字繡。上下文為轉折關系,應用but連接。]
5.is known　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。此處陳述客觀情況,應用一般現在時;be known as意為“作為……而著名”,為固定搭配,且which指代主句,謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式。]
6.widely　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞“vary”。]
7.which　[考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知,空格處引導非限制性定語從句,且介詞后只能用which。“many of which”對先行詞進行部分補充說明。]
8.traditional　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞修飾名詞“Chinese painting”。]
9.characters　[考查名詞的數。Chinese character意為“漢字”,character為可數名詞;根據下文中的“Chinese sayings,dragons,mythical gods and so on”可知,此處應用名詞復數形式。]
10.as　[考查介詞。此處表示作為禮物,as意為“作為”。](共61張PPT)
Part 3　Grammar (1)——動詞-ing形式
內
容
索
引
課時測評作業
Part 3　Grammar (1)——動詞-ing形式
語法圖解
要點詮釋
Part 3　Grammar (1)——動詞-ing形式
動 詞 -ing 形 式 定義 屬于非謂語動詞,可以構成動詞-ing形式短語
功能 作主語:往往表示經常性、習慣性的動作
作賓語:一種是作及物動詞的賓語,另一種是作介詞的賓語
作表語:多指抽象的、習慣性的動作
復合 結構 其邏輯主語一般由形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格或名詞的通格來充當
動詞-ing形式屬于非謂語動詞,它保留動詞的某些特征,可以帶有自己的賓語和狀語(系動詞還可帶表語),構成動詞-ing形式短語,在句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補語等。此處重點講解其作主語、賓語和表語的三種情況。
一、動詞-ing形式作主語
[先感知]
①Skiing is a very popular sport in northern China.(人教選一U3)
滑雪在中國北方是一項非常受歡迎的運動。
②Working out the idea behind the subheadings can help you better understand the structure and the key points of the text.(人教選一U3)
弄清楚副標題背后的觀點可以幫助你更好地理解文本的結構和關鍵點。
[會發現]　句①中　　　　　　為單個的動詞-ing形式作主語,句②中Working out the idea behind the subheadings為動詞-ing形式短語作　　　　　。
[明規則]　動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語往往表示經常性、習慣性的動作。
[名師指津]　
(1)動詞-ing形式作主語泛指經常性、習慣性的動作,而不定式多表示特指的、一次性的、具體的動作。being done為動詞-ing形式的被動語態。
Skiing
主語
Being invited to the palace ball made her excited.
被邀請參加宮廷舞會使她興奮不已。
To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.
受邀參加這次宮廷舞會將是令人興奮的事。
(2)動詞-ing形式作主語,謂語動詞一般用單數形式。
Planting many trees is very good for our environment.
多種樹對我們的環境非常有好處。
(3)在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/a waste of time/fun doing sth句型中,It作形式主語,后面的動詞-ing形式作真正的主語。
It’s no use wishing for the impossible.
企求不可能的事情是徒勞無益的。
It is a waste of time talking about such useless things.
談論這些沒用的事情是在浪費時間。
[對點練]　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is a good sport in summer.
在夏天游泳是一項很好的運動。
②It is no use 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
告訴他不要擔心是沒有用的。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is not a pleasure.
在這種條件下工作不是一件愉快的事。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is harmful to your health.
長時間暴露在陽光下對你的健康有害。
Swimming
telling him not to worry
Working in these conditions
Being exposed to the sun for long
二、動詞-ing形式作賓語
[先感知]
①Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.(人教選一U4)
專家建議對著鏡子里的自己微笑,從而讓自己感到更快樂、更堅強。
②We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.(人教選一U4)
我們可以通過觀察人們的肢體語言來了解他們在想什么。
[會發現]　句①中動詞-ing形式作及物動詞　　　　　　的賓語,句②中動詞-ing形式作介詞　　　　　　的賓語。
[明規則]　動詞-ing形式作賓語分為兩種情況,一種是作及物動詞的賓語,另一種是作介詞的賓語。
[名師指津]　
(1)下列幾組詞后接動詞-ing形式作賓語和不定式作賓語的含義不同。動詞不定式形式用于動詞后通常表示以后要發生的動作;而動詞-ing用在動詞后則表示已發生或常態的動作。
suggest
by
forget doing sth 　　 忘記已做過某事
forget to do sth 忘記要做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
remember to do sth 記住要做某事
mean doing sth 意味著做某事
mean to do sth 打算做某事
regret doing sth 后悔做過某事
regret to do sth 遺憾要做某事
can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
can’t help (to) do sth 不能幫忙做某事
(2)在allow、permit、advise等動詞后直接跟動詞-ing形式作賓語,如果這些詞后面有名詞或代詞作賓語,其后要用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
We don’t allow smoking in the school.
我們不允許在學校抽煙。
We don’t allow students to smoke.
我們不允許學生抽煙。
(3)下列動詞后可接動詞-ing的主動形式表示被動意義,相當于不定式的被動形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
The bike needs repairing.
=The bike needs to be repaired.
這輛自行車需要修一下。
[對點練]　單句語法填空
①Bill suggested 　　　　　　(hold) a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
②It really annoys me when people forget 　　　　　(say) thank you.
③When it comes to 　　　　　　(speak) in public,no one can match him.
④His parents won’t allow him 　　　　　　　 (stay) out late.
⑤I never dreamed of 　　　　　　(meet) you in China,and I’m always looking forward to 　　　　　　(see) you.
holding
to say
speaking
to stay
meeting
seeing
三、動詞-ing形式作表語
[先感知]
①The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.(人教選一U4)
關鍵是以適合你所身處的文化的方式來使用肢體語言。
②A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.(人教選一U4)
說“我吃飽了”的一個好方法是在飯后將手放在肚子上打圈。
[會發現]　句①中動詞-ing形式　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
作表語,句②中動詞-ing形式 　　　　　　　　　　　　作表語。
[明規則]　動詞-ing形式作表語時,多指抽象的、習慣性的動作。主語通常是表示無生命事物的名詞。表語與主語通常是對等關系,表示主語的內容,有時可互換位置。
using body language...
moving your hand...
[對點練]　完成句子
①What I hate most is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我最恨的就是被別人嘲笑。
②Your task is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你的任務就是擦窗戶。
③The goal of the activity is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the country.
這項活動的目標是鼓勵中國青年為祖國發展做出貢獻。
being laughed at
cleaning the windows
encouraging Chinese youths to
contribute to the development of
四、動詞-ing形式的復合結構
[先感知]
①Do you mind my/me opening the door
你介意我打開門嗎
②Can you imagine astronauts/astronauts’ walking in space
你能想象出宇航員在太空漫步的情景嗎
[會發現]　句①中　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 為動詞-ing形式的復合結構,句②中　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 為動詞-ing形式的復合結構。
[明規則]　如果動詞-ing形式有自己的邏輯主語,這便構成了動詞-ing形式的復合結構。其邏輯主語一般由形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格或名詞的通格來充當。在口語中,形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格可分別由人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的通格代替。
my/me opening the door
astronauts/astronauts’ walking in space
[名師指津]　當動詞-ing形式的復合結構作主語時,其邏輯主語只用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞表示。否定形式not應放在邏輯主語和動詞-ing形式之間。
The students’ knowing English well will help them to learn French.
學生學好英語對學習法語有幫助。
His not coming added to our difficulty.
他沒來,這增加了我們的困難。
[對點練]　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 made the teacher angry.
瑪麗的遲到使老師很生氣。
②My worry is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我擔心的是你改變主意。
③Would you mind 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
你介意我在這吸煙嗎
Mary’s coming late
your changing your mind
my/me smoking here
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
維度一　基礎填空題(選詞填空)(每小題1分,共6分)
1.Some students have trouble 　　　　　　　　 (to spell/spelling) English words.
2.Students shouldn’t spend too much time 　　　　　　　　　 (chat/ chatting) online.
3.—Remember 　　　　　　　　　 (inviting/to invite) Peter to your birthday party.
—I remember 　　　　　　　　 (inviting/to invite) him yesterday afternoon.
spelling
chatting
to invite
inviting
4.If you feel tired,you can stop 　　　　　　　　　 (to walk/walking) to have a rest.
5.I am 12 years old.I like 　　　　　　　 (ride/riding) my bicycle.
6.I’m sleepy.I prefer 　　　　　　　　(sleeping/to sleep) at home to going out for a walk.
walking
riding
sleeping
維度二　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.It’s no pleasure 　　　　　　　 (spend) the holiday just at home.
2.　　　　　　　　 (read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.
3.I can’t imagine Peter 　　　　　　　 (sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
4.The employees still remember 　　　　　　(visit) the company for the first time.
spending
Reading
sailing
visiting
5.By comparison,his worst habit is 　　　　　　(watch) TV all night on weekends.
6.As the saying goes,it’s no use 　　　　　　(cry) over spilt milk.
7.What made her parents surprised was her 　　　　　　　 (admit) to her dream university.
8.It is well worth 　　　　　　　 (cycle) along the route,which will reward you with breathtaking scenery.
watching
crying
being admitted
cycling
9.All the educationalists try their best to prevent the students from 　　　　　　　　 (appeal) to online games.
10.As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need 　　　　　　　　 (repair).
being appealed
repairing
維度三　語法與寫作(每小題2分,20分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, so we should think it over.
跟他爭論沒用,我們應該再仔細考慮一下。
2.Sometimes 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 　　　 .
有的時候放棄一些可能意味著得到更多。
3.As we all know,her hobby is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
大家都知道,她的愛好是晚飯后出去散步。
It’s no use arguing with him
giving up a little can mean getting more
going out for a walk after supper
4.I was grateful to you for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
我很感激您幫助我克服如此多的困難。
5.They had to delay 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
on account of the bad weather.
由于天氣不好,他們不得不推遲舉行體育運動會。
6.The book recommended by Professor Wang 　　　　　　　　　 .
王教授推薦的那本書非常值得一讀。
helping me overcome so many difficulties
holding the sports meeting
is well worth reading
7.I regret to inform you of the job rejection and regret
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我很遺憾地通知你,你被這份工作拒絕了,我很后悔提前做了承諾。
8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 makes us very excited.
琳達通過了這次考試,這讓我們都很興奮。
9.Jenny doesn’t mind 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
and used by other students.
詹妮并不介意她的書被別的學生拿去用。
making an early commitment
Linda’s passing the exam
her book being taken away
10.It is widely recognized that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　 can improve your learning efficiency.
人們普遍認為,利用每一個機會說英語可以提高你的學習效率。
making use of every opportunity
to speak English
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題2分,共14分)
I crossed the street to avoid 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(見到他),but he saw me and came running towards me.It was no use 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (假裝沒看見他),
so I waved to him.I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.He never has anything to do.No matter how busy you are,he always insists on 3.　　　　　　　　　　　 (和你一起來).I had to think of a way of preventing him from 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(整個上午都跟著我).
meeting him
pretending that I had not seen him
coming with you
following me around all morning
“Hello,Nigel,” I said.“Fancy meeting you here!”
“Hi,Elizabeth,” Nigel answered.“I was just wondering how to spend the morning—until I saw you.You’re not busy 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (做任何事),are you ”
“No,not at all,” I answered.“I’m going to...”
“Would you mind 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(我和你一起去) ”he asked,before I had finished speaking.
doing anything
my coming with you
“Not at all,” I lied,“but I’m going to the dentist.”
“Then I’ll come with you,” he answered.“There’s always plenty to read 7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (在候診室里)!”
in the waiting room
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life.People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions.Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change,for instance,many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals,we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful,with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains.But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish:rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions,they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments,the decisions were made in one of two settings.In the transparent (透明的) setting,decision-makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner.In an ambiguous (模糊的) setting,decision-makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate—although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information.Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner—a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions,it may make people feel less threatened and,as a result,be less willfully ignorant.Other research groups have found promising ways to do this.For instance,we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt-trip them for what they have failed to do.Highlighting recent global achievements,such as healing the ozone (臭氧) layer,can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short,we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,研究發現40%的人為了避免負罪感選擇忽視行為后果,而40%的人主動尋求信息以幫助他人。文章建議減少道德壓力,鼓勵積極地思考善行,以減少故意無知,促進更無私的行為。
1.Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A.To make easier choices to be a good person.
B.To increase their own benefits more than others’.
C.To avoid the influence of consequences on actions.
D.To get the most benefits without a sense of shame.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中“...we discovered that willful ignorance...while maximizing their own gains”可知,有些人選擇不了解他們行為的后果,是為了獲得最大的利益而不感到羞恥,故選D項。
√
2.How can willful ignorance be prevented
A.By focusing less on its morality.
B.By stressing its potential threat.
C.By being more positive about oneself.
D.By getting people aware of their actions.
解析　細節理解題。根據第五段中“If we can avoid putting...be less willfully ignorant.”可知,通過減少對道德的關注,可以防止故意的無知,故選A項。
√
3.In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage
A.Literature. B.Technology.
C.Biology. D.Psychology.
解析　文章出處題。通讀全文可知,貫穿文章的關鍵詞是“故意無知”,文章主要探討了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,通過實驗研究了人們在不同情境下的決策行為,并提出了減少“故意無知”的方法。文章內容涉及心理學領域的研究,因此我們很可能在心理學欄目中閱讀到該文章,故選D項。
√
4.What is the passage mainly about
A.The reason for willful ignorance.
B.The harmful effects of willful ignorance.
C.The results of willful ignorance.
D.The influence of willful ignorance on environment.
√
解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第二段中“We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.”可知,作者通過實驗數據,探究了“故意無知”的普遍性和原因,研究發現40%的人為了避免負罪感選擇忽視行為后果,而40%的人主動尋求信息以幫助他人。針對該原因,作者建議減少道德壓力,鼓勵積極地思考善行,以減少“故意無知”,促進更無私的行為。因此,文章總體是呈現“故意無知”的原因,故選A項。
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
So,what does it take to be great I thoroughly reject the “10 years,10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time.　1　
Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes.If you received good ones from your parents,thank them.If you didn’t,don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either.
　2　
Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given, but it is a bit overrated.　3　 What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great,but it isn’t enough.The world is full of gifted failures,of “can’t miss kids” who missed.Talent is only the starting point to greatness and,if you’re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery,it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning of the race to be great.　4　 You have to work hard,push your limits,and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in.
Ultimately,being great isn’t about being objectively great because, as noted above,the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is,statistically,very small.　5　 I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with.That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement,but,if you do what is necessary,you will find a reasonable level of success.
A.Instead,let it go and focus on what you can control.
B.But,of course,races aren’t won at the start,but at the finish.
C.Rather,your goal should be to find your own personal greatness.
D.Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness.
E.You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness.
F.The reality is that genes matter,whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent.
G.They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就怎樣才能成為偉大的人發表了自己的觀點,即充分認識到你與生俱來的任何能力,從而找到一個合理的成功水平。
1.F　[由上文可知,作者這里否定只要時間足夠就能成為專家,而F項(事實上,基因很重要,無論是天生的智力還是天生的身體天賦。)符合語境,即提出自己的觀點——基因決定能否成為偉人,且The reality 與下文Another reality 對應,故選F項。]
2.A　[由上文可知,這里講你無法控制你的基因,而A項(相反,不必追究它,專注于你能控制的事情。)符合語境,其中Instead與上文形成轉折,can control也與上文 can’t control形成對比,故選A項。]
3.D　[由下文可知,這里講天生的能力也并不足以讓你變得偉大,而D項(天生的能力是偉大的必要不充分因素。)符合語境,其中Inborn ability與上下文對應,下句也對本句進行了解釋說明,故選D項。]
4.B　[由上文可知,這里主要講天賦只是讓你起點領先,但不保證終點能領先。而B項(但是,當然,比賽不是在開始時獲勝,而是在結束時獲勝。)符合語境,其中at the start與上文at the beginning對應,at the finish與下文get to the finish 對應,故選B項。]
5.C　[由下文可知,這里主要講充分認識到你與生俱來的任何能力來實現適合你自己的偉大,而C項(相反,你的目標應該是找到自己的個人偉大之處。)符合語境,其中 your own personal greatness為下文 that的指代內容,故選C項。]
Ⅲ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
While cross-stitch (十字繡) 1.　　　　　　　　 (practice) in China for hundreds of years,it is only just becoming popular among average people.Luckily,cross-stitch is a fairly easy art 2.__________ (learn) and there are many patterns available to help people sew 3.__________ (amaze) pictures by themselves.
Sometimes,cross-stitching is done over designs printed on fairly thick fabric,called stamped cross-stitch,4.　　　　　　 more usually the stitcher counts the threads in both directions so that they are even,which 5.　　　　　　 (know) as counted cross-stitch.
The patterns of cross-stitches vary 6.　　　　 (wide),especially depending on the tradition and background of the stitcher.Central European cross-stitching tends to show geometric patterns in one or two colors,and it is also not uncommon to see cross-stitch scenes that incorporate trees,birds,wildlife,flowers and other natural elements.
Chinese-style cross-stitch patterns include elements of unique Chinese culture,many of 7.　　　　　　　　　　 you might find in a 8.　　　　　　　　　　 (tradition) Chinese painting,such as Chinese 9.　　　　　　 (character),Chinese sayings,dragons,mythical gods and so on.Very often,Chinese cross-stitch patterns convey a theme of luck or good wish,which is why cross-stitches are likely to be hung in the home or given 10.　　　　　　 gifts.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統民間藝術十字繡,包括其所用的材料及其樣式等相關內容。
1.has been practiced　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。根據“for hundreds of years”可知,此處應用現在完成時,且主語cross-stitch 與動詞practice之間是被動關系,應用其被動語態。主語為單數,謂語動詞應用單數第三人稱。]
2.to learn　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,此處應用不定式作后置定語。]
3.amazing　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞修飾名詞;表示“令人驚訝的”應用amazing。]
4.but　[考查并列連詞。上文講十字繡有時候使用印花十字繡完成,下文講更常見的是計數十字繡。上下文為轉折關系,應用but連接。]
5.is known　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。此處陳述客觀情況,應用一般現在時;be known as意為“作為……而著名”,為固定搭配,且which指代主句,謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式。]
6.widely　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞“vary”。]
7.which　[考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知,空格處引導非限制性定語從句,且介詞后只能用which。“many of which”對先行詞進行部分補充說明。]
8.traditional　[考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞修飾名詞“Chinese painting”。]
9.characters　[考查名詞的數。Chinese character意為“漢字”, character為可數名詞;根據下文中的“Chinese sayings,dragons, mythical gods and so on”可知,此處應用名詞復數形式。]
10.as　[考查介詞。此處表示作為禮物,as意為“作為”。]

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