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UNIT 3　FASCINATING PARKS
大觀念之單元話題:本單元為“人與自然”主題語(yǔ)境下對(duì)“人與環(huán)境、人與動(dòng)植物”的探討,以游記見聞的形式介紹了歐洲最古老的國(guó)家公園之一——瑞典薩勒克國(guó)家公園的自然風(fēng)景和人文風(fēng)貌,同時(shí)還介紹了一些著名的主題公園。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)本單元,我們可以領(lǐng)略世界各地不同類型的國(guó)家公園和主題公園的迷人之處,并了解他們?cè)谧匀毁Y源保護(hù)、娛樂和旅游等方面的重要意義。
①remote /r m t/adj.偏遠(yuǎn)的;偏僻的
②wilderness / w ld n s/n.荒野;荒蕪的地方
③interaction / nt r k ( )n/n.相互作用
④ecology /i k l d i/n.生態(tài);生態(tài)學(xué)
⑤be made up of 由……組成
⑥pass through 穿過(guò);經(jīng)歷
類文悅讀·情境導(dǎo)學(xué)
　　由群島組成的皇家島國(guó)家公園是美國(guó)最為人跡罕至的國(guó)家公園之一,那么它有哪些獨(dú)特之處呢
Surrounded by Lake Superior in the state of Michigan, Isle Royale National Park is a remote① site that is made up of⑤ Isle Royale and hundreds of smaller islands close to it. It covers 894 square miles, with 209 square miles of land and 685 square miles of water. Isle Royale National Park was established in 1940 and designated (指定) a wilderness② area in 1976 to prevent further development.
The park has become one of the most significant study sites for predator-prey interactions③ and its wolves are among the most famous wild animals in the world. The grey wolf has been the top predator of Isle Royale National Park since it arrived in the late 1940s. Scientists have studied the predator-prey relationship between wolves and moose on the island for decades to better understand the ecology④ of predation and what it can teach us about our relationship with nature.
Isle Royale is one of the least-visited national parks in the US.The park is open each year from Apri1 16 through October 31, closing from November 1 through April 15 because of extreme winter weather that passes through⑥. It’s the only American national park to close for the whole winter, which likely contributes to its relatively low number of visitors.
SectionⅠ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the picture,predict what this passage is mainly talking about.
答案　The passage talks about the Sarek National Park’s natural landscapes, reindeer and the author’s experience.
Step Two:While-reading
閱讀策略
How to choose subheadings
　　小標(biāo)題是對(duì)正文部分內(nèi)容的高度凝練與概括,可以讓讀者在通讀全文前大概了解文章的主要內(nèi)容,以便在閱讀中更快、更準(zhǔn)確地理解文章內(nèi)容及寫作意圖。那么我們?cè)撊绾谓o每個(gè)部分選取恰當(dāng)?shù)男?biāo)題呢 在此,我們以“SAREK NATIONAL PARK—EUROPE’S HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE”一文為例進(jìn)行分析。
★關(guān)注相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。第一段的第二句“Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.”設(shè)置懸念——為什么陽(yáng)光明媚但卻分不清晝夜呢 緊接著第三句“I’m above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets.”揭示答案,由此讀者不難選出A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps為本段的小標(biāo)題。
★尋找關(guān)鍵詞。從第二段第一句“Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice.”中很容易鎖定兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞mountains和ice,這正好與小標(biāo)題A Land of Mountains and Ice中的Mountains and Ice完美照應(yīng)。
★概括段落主要內(nèi)容。第三段重點(diǎn)介紹the Sami與reindeer如何在這片土地上和諧共生。本段以時(shí)間為主線,前三句講述the Sami與reindeer的傳統(tǒng)相處模式,從第四句起講述兩者當(dāng)今和諧共生的方式。由此可見,Man at Peace with Nature是最恰當(dāng)?shù)男?biāo)題。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What is the main idea of the passage
A.The Arctic Circle. B.The Sami people.
C.The reindeer. D.A fascinating park.
答案　 D
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.A land of mountains and ice.
Para.2　B.Man at peace with nature.
Para.3　C.A land of adventure.
Para.4　D.A summer where the sun never sleeps.
答案　Para.1 D　Para.2 A　Para.3 B Para.4 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why did the Swedish government make Sarek a national park
A.In order to attract more visitors.
B.In order to protect reindeer.
C.In order to keep people out of the land.
D.In order to keep the land in its natural state.
2.Why does the author say telling whether it is morning or night is impossible
A.Because the wind is too strong.
B.Because the watch is broken.
C.Because it’s summer above the Arctic Circle.
D.Because the sun is shining too brightly.
3.What can we infer from the third paragraph
A.Without reindeer these hundreds of years, Sami would not have lived well.
B.Sami live in villages now,so they can live well without reindeer.
C.There are not enough reindeer for Sami to live on now.
D.The number of reindeer is smaller and smaller, so Sami can’t be allowed to hunt them.
4.What does the author think of his trip to Sarek National Park
A.Challenging but worth it. B.Difficult and boring.
C.Puzzling and terrible. D.Exciting but difficult.
答案　1.D　2.C　3.A　4.A
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構(gòu)
1.Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.
學(xué)會(huì)斷句:本句是復(fù)合句。主句是完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),正常語(yǔ)序是The Sami people were following the reindeer。who made this territory their home為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the Sami people。
嘗試翻譯:跟隨馴鹿到來(lái)的是薩米人,他們?cè)谶@片土地上安家落戶。
2.If today is anything like yesterday,it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley.
學(xué)會(huì)斷句:本句是復(fù)合句。主句是it will be full of sweat and hard work。If today is anything like yesterday是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。anything like后面可以接人或物,意思是“與……相像,多少有點(diǎn)像”。
嘗試翻譯:如果今天和昨天差不多,那將會(huì)充滿汗水和艱辛,因?yàn)槲乙讲娇缭竭@片地形艱險(xiǎn)的土地,到達(dá)山谷另一端的目的地。
Ⅱ.翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂(課文語(yǔ)法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
I wake up to the sound of the wind 1.buffeting (buffet) the cloth of my tent.Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.I’m above the Arctic Circle,2.where in summer the sun never sets.I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park,3.a place with no roads or towns.
Around 9,000 years ago,reindeer began to arrive at Sarek’s mountains.Following the reindeer 4.were (be) the Sami people,who made this territory their home.In 1909,Sarek was made a national park 5.to keep (keep) the land in its natural state.
For hundreds of years,6.looking (look) after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.Today,most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just 7.like their neighbours.But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek and enjoy their 8.traditions (tradition) as before.
After breakfast,I pack my bag and set out again.Being in such a 9.beautiful (beauty) and wild place makes me feel 10.blessed (bless) to be alive.
[原文呈現(xiàn)]
SAREK NATIONAL PARK—EUROPE’S HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE
1 A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps
I wake up① to the sound of the wind [1]buffeting② the cloth③ of my tent.[2]Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.[3]I’m above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge④. [4]Spreading out⑤ before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley⑥ below. I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park,[5]a place with no roads or towns.
[1]此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),修飾the wind。
[2]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;“telling whether...night”是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ);whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
[3]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the Arctic Circle。
[4]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[5]此處是同位語(yǔ),解釋說(shuō)明Sarek National Park。
2 A Land of Mountains and Ice
Sarek’s mountains used to⑦ be covered by vast⑧ sheets of ice.Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted,[6]leaving behind⑨ about 100 glaciers⑩. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive.[7]Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home.[8]Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state. [9]Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park,no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries .At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible .Close by, there are a few reindeer [10]feeding on grass.
[6]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[7]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句?！癋ollowing the reindeer...people”為完全倒裝句;who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;從句中含有“make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
[8]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
[9]此處是though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[10]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作后置定語(yǔ),修飾reindeer。
3 Man at Peace with Nature
For hundreds of years,[11]looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. They used the reindeer’s meat for food, their bones for tools, and their skin for making clothes and tents. [12]Since reindeer were always on the move,the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. Today, most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I’ve adopted some of their habits.[13]For example, this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire, dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.
[11]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
[12]此處是since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[13]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。warmed over a fire是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾flat bread;dried是過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ),修飾reindeer meat;that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞some sweet and sour berries;從句中含有“find+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞-ing形式growing near my tent在從句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
4 A Land of Adventure
After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out again. Since I must carry all of my food and supplies with me, my bag weighs about 30 kilograms.[14]If today is anything like yesterday, it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley. However,I cannot complain. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. Here I am, alone under this broad sky,[15]breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. What could be better
[14]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[15]此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[名師圈點(diǎn)]
①wake up 醒來(lái)
[注意]wake up to在句中指因聽到風(fēng)拍打帳篷發(fā)出的聲響而醒來(lái),wake up to還可表示“意識(shí)到,認(rèn)識(shí)到”,近義詞組為awake to。
②buffet / b fIt/ vt.連續(xù)猛擊;打來(lái)打去
/ b feI; b feI/ n.自助餐
③cloth /kl / n.(一塊)布;織物;布料
④edge /ed / n.邊;邊緣;邊線;刀刃 vt.& vi.(使)徐徐移動(dòng);給……加邊
on/at the edge of 在……的邊緣
⑤spread out 伸展;延長(zhǎng)
⑥valley / v li/ n.谷;山谷;溪谷
⑦used to do sth過(guò)去常常做某事
be used to doing sth習(xí)慣于做某事
be used to do sth被用來(lái)做某事
⑧vast /vɑ st/ adj.遼闊的;巨大的;龐大的
⑨leave behind 留下;落后
⑩glacier / ɡl si (r); ɡleIsi (r);NAmE ɡleI r/ n.冰川
reindeer / reIndI (r)/ n.馴鹿
[注意]其復(fù)數(shù)形式是原形reindeer或reindeers。
territory / ter tri; ter t ri/ n.領(lǐng)土;版圖;領(lǐng)域;地盤
apart from... 除……之外(還)
in order to 為了,以便(表示目的)
be allowed to do sth被允許做某事
ban /b n/ vt.明令禁止;取締
n.禁令
ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
boundary / ba ndri/ n.邊界;界限;分界線
cottage / k tId / n.小屋;(尤指)村舍;小別墅
visible / vIz bl/ adj.看得見的;可見的
invisible adj.看不見的
feed on... 以……為食
look after 照顧;照看
on the move 在行進(jìn)中;在移動(dòng)中
pick up 收拾;收起
accompany / k mp ni/ vt.
陪同;陪伴;伴隨;(尤指用鋼琴)為……伴奏
accompany sb to some place陪某人去某地
company n.陪伴;公司
live a modern life 過(guò)著一種現(xiàn)代化的生活
a small number of 少量的
a huge/large number of 大量的
the number of... ……的數(shù)量
adopt / d pt/ vt.采用;采取;采納 vt.& vi.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)
[形近詞]adapt v.適應(yīng);改編
sour / sa (r)/ adj.酸的;有酸味的
pack one’s bag 收拾某人的包
set out 出發(fā);啟程;(懷著目標(biāo))開始工作
set out to do 著手做
carry sth with sb 某人隨身攜帶某物
weigh linking-v.有……重;重
anything like...像……那樣的東西
bless /bles/ vt.祝福
blessed adj.神圣的;有福的
be blessed with... 在……方面有福氣
[參考譯文]　 薩勒克國(guó)家公園——?dú)W洲隱藏的自然財(cái)富
1.一個(gè)太陽(yáng)永不停歇的夏天
風(fēng)噼里啪啦地拍打著我的帳篷的布,我在這聲響中醒來(lái)。即使陽(yáng)光明媚,也不可能分辨出是早上還是晚上。我在北極圈內(nèi),夏天太陽(yáng)從不落山的一個(gè)地方。我看了看表,是早上七點(diǎn)半。我離開帳篷,走到山邊。拉帕河的支流流過(guò)下面的山谷,在我面前伸展開來(lái)。我身處瑞典北端偏遠(yuǎn)的薩勒克國(guó)家公園,一個(gè)既沒有公路也沒有城鎮(zhèn)的地方。
2.群山冰封之地
薩勒克的山上曾經(jīng)被大片的冰層覆蓋。大約9 000年前,這些冰融化了,留下了大約100座冰川。不久之后,馴鹿開始來(lái)到這里。跟隨馴鹿到來(lái)的是薩米人,他們?cè)谶@片土地上安家落戶。到達(dá)這里是相當(dāng)困難的,所以除了薩米人很少有人到過(guò)薩勒克。1909年,為了使這塊土地保持自然狀態(tài),薩勒克被列為國(guó)家公園。雖然薩米人被允許在公園里繼續(xù)保持他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式,但其他人不可以住在這里,而且在公園范圍內(nèi)禁止進(jìn)行任何新的開發(fā)。遠(yuǎn)在山谷的另一邊,可以看到一座古老的薩米人的小屋。旁邊有幾只馴鹿在吃草。
3.人與自然和諧相處
幾百年來(lái),照顧馴鹿是薩米人的一種生活方式。他們用馴鹿的肉做食物,骨頭做工具,毛皮做衣服和帳篷。由于馴鹿總是在遷徙,所以薩米人會(huì)收起他們的帳篷,跟隨而去。今天,大多數(shù)薩米人在薩勒克附近的村莊都有房子,和他們的鄰居一樣過(guò)著現(xiàn)代生活。但每年春天,少數(shù)薩米人仍然跟隨他們的馴鹿進(jìn)入薩勒克的山谷,住在帳篷或老房子里,享受他們的傳統(tǒng)。我不是薩米人,但在薩勒克,我采納了他們的一些習(xí)慣。例如,今天早上我的早餐是火上烤的扁面包、馴鹿肉干,還有一些我發(fā)現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)在我?guī)づ窀浇乃崴崽鹛鸬妮?br/>4.冒險(xiǎn)之地
早飯后,我收拾好行李,又出發(fā)了。因?yàn)槲冶仨氹S身攜帶所有的食物和補(bǔ)給品,所以我的包重約30千克。如果今天和昨天差不多,那將會(huì)充滿汗水和艱辛,因?yàn)槲乙讲娇缭竭@片地形艱險(xiǎn)的土地,到達(dá)山谷另一端的目的地。然而,我不能抱怨。在這樣一個(gè)美麗而荒涼的地方,我覺得活著是幸運(yùn)的。我在這里,獨(dú)自一人在這廣闊的天空下,呼吸著新鮮空氣,享受著這場(chǎng)偉大的冒險(xiǎn)。還有什么比這更好的呢
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Here are four of the U.S.’s least crowded parks, plus what to see and do in them.
Channel Islands National Park, California
Tourists find many ways to explore this group of five wild islands off the coast of Santa Barbara. Beginner-friendly paddling trips let visitors take in abundant sea caves and wildlife, such as gray whales and sea lions. Strong currents (洋流) and shifting weather make going with a guide a smart move.
Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska
This coast-meets-mountains reserve takes wildlife watching to the next level. Use the park’s only maintained long path to the outlook over Harding Icefield for breathtaking views of this icy landscape. Along the way, keep an eye out for black bears, wolves and mountain goats. From a tour boat, look out for whales and dolphins among the waves and sea lions and seals on the beaches.
Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico
Brazilian free-tailed bats are a star attraction at this park. Each year, these bats make their way back from their winter grounds in Mexico to rest in the park’s network of limestone (石灰?guī)r) caves. August and September bring the best bat watching when the year’s babies take to the skies with their parents. Around sunset, the bats leave the caves by the hundreds of thousands to eat insects.
North Cascades National Park, Washington
Known as the “American Alps”, this park holds more than 400 miles of paths that take hikers and horseback riders to wildflower fields, old-growth forests, glacier viewpoints and remote lakes. One standout is the Desolation Peak Trail, which leads to a mountaintop cabin where Jack Kerouac, a famous 20th-century American novelist, spent a summer.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)較為冷門的國(guó)家公園的相關(guān)情況。
1.What’s the role of a guide in Channel Islands National Park
A.Avoiding wild animals.
B.Finding the most attractive spots.
C.Managing currents and varying weather.
D.Finding suitable ways to explore wild islands.
答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Channel Islands National Park, California部分“Strong currents (洋流) and shifting weather make going with a guide a smart move.”可知,在Channel Islands National Park導(dǎo)游的作用是幫助游客應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜的洋流和天氣變化。故選C。]
2.What wildlife might tourists see on a boat ride in Kenai Fjords National Park
A.Sea lions and seals.
B.Gray whales and black bears.
C.Brazilian free-tailed bats.
D.Wolves and mountain goats.
答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska部分“From a tour boat, look out for whales and dolphins among the waves and sea lions and seals on the beaches.”可知,游客乘船游覽Kenai Fjords National Park時(shí)可能會(huì)看到海獅和海豹。故選A。]
3.Which park might appeal to someone who loves literature
A.Channel Islands National Park.
B.Kenai Fjords National Park.
C.Carlsbad Caverns National Park.
D.North Cascades National Park.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)North Cascades National Park, Washington部分“One standout is the...novelist, spent a summer.”可知,North Cascades National Park可能會(huì)吸引喜歡文學(xué)的人。故選D。]
B
Many guests have had the pleasure of observing the magnificent cheetahs (獵豹) that find shelter on the Tswalu Private Reserve, but they might not be aware of the work to make these wild cats feel comfortable in the presence of humans. As a conservation photographer, I spent a day with conservator Clement Motau to understand what it takes to habituate cheetahs.
Habituating wildlife is an on-going process —slowly getting wild animals used to the presence of vehicles and people. Animals like cheetahs receive regular visits from the wildlife conservation team. That way they learn that in this privately protected area, humans pose no threat to them.
Clement, now 29 years old, spent his early childhood in Middelburg, but he would go to the rural area every chance he got, including most school holidays. “I enjoyed climbing mountains and being outdoors. I always knew I wanted to work with wild animals.” He decided to study nature conservation rather than become a tour guide because “dealing with people all the time is not my strongest point.” After three years of studies, he came to Tswalu in 2016 and was offered a position on the conservation team. Though one day rarely looks the same as another, with tasks ranging from collaring wild dogs to mending fences, the chance to spend time with cheetahs is an experience he particularly enjoys.
An hour after we first spotted Artemis, Clement’s favorite cheetah, she is still on the move, clearly looking for a meal. She is a beautiful animal, and I am in no hurry to leave. Though she seems unbothered by our presence, we don’t want to negatively impact her chances of feeding. Wildlife tourism is an essential conservation tool, both to raise awareness and to pay for all the costs. But the wellbeing of the animals always comes first. “She is very obliging with us today,” he says. “So relaxed. The guides and our guests will love her. She’ll be a future star.”
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過(guò)與獵豹保育員的一天之行,了解了獵豹如何適應(yīng)棲息地并習(xí)慣人類的存在。
4.What do we know about habituating wild animals
A.It’s a process to get wild animals used to humans.
B.It’s done by paying random visits to wild animals.
C.Wild animals will benefit from this practice.
D.Such practice is limited to private reserves.
答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第一句“Habituating wildlife is an on-going process —slowly getting wild animals used to the presence of vehicles and people.”可知,使野生動(dòng)物適應(yīng)棲息地即讓它們能夠習(xí)慣人類的存在。故選A項(xiàng)。]
5.Why did Clement choose to become a nature conservator
A.Because he liked a job with various tasks.
B.Because being a tour guide was not his dream.
C.Because he enjoyed spending time with wild animals.
D.Because working with animals was his strongest point.
答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第三句“I always knew I wanted to work with wild animals.”和第三段最后一句“ Though one day rarely looks...he particularly enjoys.”可知,Clement選擇成為一位自然保育員是因?yàn)樗矚g和野生動(dòng)物待在一塊。故選C項(xiàng)。]
6.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean
A.Artemis is responding to our request.
B.Artemis is warning us to keep a distance.
C.Artemis is inviting us to enter her territory.
D.Artemis is feeling comfortable with our presence.
答案　D　[句意理解題。文章最后一段第三句“Though she seems unbothered by our presence, we don’t want to negatively impact her chances of feeding.”和最后一段最后一句“So relaxed. The guides and our guests will love her. She’ll be a future star.”可知,對(duì)于人類的出現(xiàn)Artemis完全沒有感到驚慌,仍自在地捕獵。導(dǎo)游和客人都很愛她,說(shuō)明Artemis已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在,沒有不適的反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。]
7.What is the text mainly about
A.A remarkable cheetah conservator.
B.A reserve for cheetahs.
C.A cheetah conservation program.
D.A tour with a cheetah conservator.
答案　D　[主旨大意題。文章第一段最后一句“As a conservation photographer, I spent a day with conservator Clement Motau to understand what it takes to habituate cheetahs.”可知,作為一名野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)攝影師,作者花了一天時(shí)間與保育員Clement Motau一起了解是什么使得獵豹適應(yīng)棲息地。故選D項(xiàng)。]
C
The Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park in East China’s Zhejiang Province, founded in 2005, is the country’s first national wetland park. Situated in the western part of Hangzhou, Xixi is only 5 kilometers away from the West Lake, a renowned UNESCO World Heritage site in the city.
Water is the soul of Xixi. With an area of 11.5 square kilometers, the park is mostly covered by streams, ponds, lakes and swamps, with six long rivers forming a tangled network of waterways. Nearly 70 percent of the park is water and the length of waterways inside the park surpasses 100 kilometers.
Additionally, about 85 percent of the land in Xixi is covered by plants such as reeds(蘆葦), willows and persimmon (柿子) trees and a variety of wildlife living among them, making Xixi a great platform for animal and bird watching, scientific research and education.
Because of its abundant water resources and species, Xixi Wetland is an important part of Hangzhou’s ecosystem and helps purify water, relieve flooding, regulate the climate and maintain biodiversity. Nestled in an urban area of the city, it is called “the natural purifier of Hangzhou”.
As well as providing a place for people to enjoy the region’s natural charm, Xixi Wetland is also a cultural treasure which has been described and extolled by scholars throughout history.
Xixi was a land of beauty and a place of seclusion (隱居) in the eyes of ancient people. Inspired by the elegance of Xixi, many literati (文人)—including Su Dongpo, Tang Bohu, Dong Qichang and Yu Dafu —created numerous literary works about the place. Some of them are showcased on the inscribed boards and tablets dotted throughout the wetland park.
The Xixi Wetland was not quite so well-known to people until the famous Chinese film director Feng Xiaogang used it as a backdrop for part of his 2008 film If You Are the One, adding the wetland to the list of must-visit tourist attractions in Hangzhou.
Today, the pristine (未開發(fā)的) scenery, the rustic (淳樸的) charm of a country lifestyle and the ancient traditions of Xixi attract tourists from around the world.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了杭州西溪國(guó)家濕地公園的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
8.How long is the waterway of Xixi National Wetland Park
A.Over 5 kilometers. B.Over 11.5 kilometers.
C.Over 70 kilometers. D.Over 100 kilometers.
答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nearly 70 percent of the park is water and the length of waterways inside the park surpasses 100 kilometers.”可知,公園內(nèi)的水道長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)100公里。故選D。]
9.Why is Xixi National Wetland Park called “the natural purifier of Hangzhou”
A.Because it is a platform for animal and bird watching.
B.Because it is a platform for scientific research and education.
C.Because it is nestled in an urban area of the city.
D.Because its ecosystem helps purify water.
答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段可知,西溪國(guó)家濕地公園被稱為“杭州的天然凈化器”是因?yàn)槲飨獫竦負(fù)碛胸S富的水資源和物種,是杭州生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,具有凈化水質(zhì)、緩解洪水、調(diào)節(jié)氣候和維持生物多樣性的作用。故選D。]
10.The underlined word “extolled” in Paragraph 5 most probably means “　　　　”.
A.criticized B.praised
C.represented D.painted
答案　B　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞下一段“Xixi was a land of beauty and a place of seclusion(隱居) in the eyes of ancient people. Inspired by the elegance of Xixi...”可知,受到西溪之美的啟發(fā),許多文人都曾頌揚(yáng)西溪公園,創(chuàng)作了許多關(guān)于西溪的文學(xué)作品。由此可知,畫線單詞和“頌揚(yáng)”相近。故選B。]
11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A.Return to Paradise
B.Tourist Attractions in Hangzhou
C.Hangzhou, the Natural Purifier
D.A Place of Seclusion
答案　A　[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了西溪國(guó)家濕地公園,西溪濕地不僅是人們享受自然魅力的人間天堂,也是歷史上學(xué)者們描繪和頌揚(yáng)的文化寶庫(kù)。由此可知,選項(xiàng)A“Return to Paradise(重返天堂)”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
When I was standing on a hill at Cliveden Gardens on a sunny winter day, its dark-green lake surrounded by centuries-old trees took my breath away.　1　 It’s just a local park near London that I’d never heard of during my eight years living in the UK. As I admired the peaceful garden, it taught me a lesson about the British culture of understatement (低調(diào)).
“The English landscape is more beautiful because its beauty is understated,” my friend Will said to me later as we walked through an exhibition at Tate Britain. He pointed to a painting of a peaceful countryside. “This is the landscape I grew up with”, he said. Unlike grand waterfalls or wild forests, this scenery doesn’t shout about its beauty.　2　
I wonder if Chinese tourists will explore beyond London.　3　 Indeed, Oxford and Cambridge and the beloved Lake District National Park are some iconic symbols of Britain. But it would be a pity if they miss out on the lesser-known parts of the English landscape.
　4　 I remember a straight-A classmate once telling me he “survived exams” and another friend from Oxford introducing himself as “studying in the countryside”. This modesty also has its mirror in Chinese culture. I remember my parents’ telling me to work hard but not to exaggerate my achievements. Chinese culture is full of proverbs such as “real gold will shine sooner or later”, to encourage long-term devotion to one’s chosen area of expertise.
Experiencing both cultures, I’ve realized that the English and Chinese both express achievements with understatement.　5　 It reflects the unspoken charm in both British and Chinese traditions. And it’s an off-the-beaten-path attraction well worth exploration.
A.I’ve been impressed by British humor all the time.
B.They tend to prefer places with a strong reputation.
C.But the more I looked, the more I saw its quiet elegance.
D.Cliveden isn’t a famous holiday place where visitors flock.
E.Rather, its beauty is reserved for the local community only.
F.This mix makes me appreciate the unusual beauty of Cliveden.
G.Over the years, I’ve been familiarizing myself with British modesty.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了Cliveden花園的美麗以及花園帶給作者的感悟。
1.D　[本句主要說(shuō)明了上文提到的Cliveden花園的情況,結(jié)合后文提到這只是一個(gè)公園,并不知名,故D項(xiàng)“Cliveden并不是一個(gè)游客云集的著名度假勝地。”符合語(yǔ)境,故選D。]
2.C　[本句為本段最后一句,故承接上文說(shuō)明朋友對(duì)英國(guó)風(fēng)景的看法,故C選項(xiàng)“但我看得越多,就越能看到它寧?kù)o的優(yōu)雅?！泵枋鲎约旱目捶?符合語(yǔ)境,故選C。]
3.B　[上文提到了中國(guó)游客是否會(huì)去倫敦以外的地方旅游的疑問,后文則提到了一些著名景點(diǎn),可知本句是在說(shuō)明中國(guó)游客的旅游特點(diǎn),故B選項(xiàng)“他們往往更喜歡有良好聲譽(yù)的地方?！狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選B。]
4.G　[下文提到了牛津的朋友的謙遜,故G選項(xiàng)“這些年來(lái),我已經(jīng)熟悉了英國(guó)人的謙遜”符合語(yǔ)境,故選G。]
5.F　[作者經(jīng)歷了兩種文化,且都強(qiáng)調(diào)了低調(diào),可知本句承接上文說(shuō)明文化對(duì)作者的影響,后文It指代Cliveden。故F選項(xiàng)“這種混合使我欣賞Cliveden不同尋常的美”符合語(yǔ)境,故選F。](共84張PPT)
主題語(yǔ)境:人與自然——自然生態(tài)
UNIT 3　FASCINATING PARKS
大觀念之單元話題:本單元為“人與自然”主題語(yǔ)境下對(duì)“人與環(huán)境、人與動(dòng)植物”的探討,以游記見聞的形式介紹了歐洲最古老的國(guó)家公園之一——瑞典薩勒克國(guó)家公園的自然風(fēng)景和人文風(fēng)貌,同時(shí)還介紹了一些著名的主題公園。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)本單元,我們可以領(lǐng)略世界各地不同類型的國(guó)家公園和主題公園的迷人之處,并了解他們?cè)谧匀毁Y源保護(hù)、娛樂和旅游等方面的重要意義。
①remote /r m t/　adj.偏遠(yuǎn)的;偏僻的
②wilderness / w ld n s/　n.荒野;荒蕪的地方
③interaction / nt r k ( )n/　n.相互作用
④ecology /i k l d i/　n.生態(tài);生態(tài)學(xué)
⑤be made up of 由……組成
⑥pass through 穿過(guò);經(jīng)歷
類文悅讀·情境導(dǎo)學(xué)
　　由群島組成的皇家島國(guó)家公園是美國(guó)最為人跡罕至的國(guó)家公園之一,那么它有哪些獨(dú)特之處呢
Surrounded by Lake Superior in the state of Michigan, Isle Royale National Park is a remote① site that is made up of⑤ Isle Royale and hundreds of smaller islands close to it. It covers 894 square miles, with 209 square miles of land and 685 square miles of water. Isle Royale National Park was established in 1940 and designated (指定) a wilderness② area in 1976 to prevent further development.
The park has become one of the most significant study sites for predator－prey interactions③ and its wolves are among the most famous wild animals in the world. The grey wolf has been the top predator of Isle Royale National Park since it arrived in the late 1940s. Scientists have studied the predator－prey relationship between wolves and moose on the island for decades to better understand the ecology④ of predation and what it can teach us about our relationship with nature.
Isle Royale is one of the least－visited national parks in the US.The park is open each year from Apri1 16 through October 31, closing from November 1 through April 15 because of extreme winter weather that passes through⑥. It’s the only American national park to close for the whole winter, which likely contributes to its relatively low number of visitors.
文本整體理解
內(nèi)
容
索
引
語(yǔ)篇助解釋疑
課時(shí)測(cè)評(píng)作業(yè)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the picture,predict
what this passage is mainly talking about.
答案　The passage talks about the Sarek
National Park’s 　　 　　,
　 　　　　　and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
natural landscapes
reindeer
the author’s experience
Step Two:While-reading
閱讀策略
How to choose subheadings
　　小標(biāo)題是對(duì)正文部分內(nèi)容的高度凝練與概括,可以讓讀者在通讀全文前大概了解文章的主要內(nèi)容,以便在閱讀中更快、更準(zhǔn)確地理解文章內(nèi)容及寫作意圖。那么我們?cè)撊绾谓o每個(gè)部分選取恰當(dāng)?shù)男?biāo)題呢 在此,我們以“SAREK NATIONAL PARK—EUROPE’S HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE”一文為例進(jìn)行分析。
★關(guān)注相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。第一段的第二句“Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.”設(shè)置懸念——為什么陽(yáng)光明媚但卻分不清晝夜呢 緊接著第三句“I’m above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets.”揭示答案,由此讀者不難選出A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps為本段的小標(biāo)題。
★尋找關(guān)鍵詞。從第二段第一句“Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice.”中很容易鎖定兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞mountains和ice,這正好與小標(biāo)題A Land of Mountains and Ice中的Mountains and Ice完美照應(yīng)。
★概括段落主要內(nèi)容。第三段重點(diǎn)介紹the Sami與reindeer如何在這片土地上和諧共生。本段以時(shí)間為主線,前三句講述the Sami與reindeer的傳統(tǒng)相處模式,從第四句起講述兩者當(dāng)今和諧共生的方式。由此可見,Man at Peace with Nature是最恰當(dāng)?shù)男?biāo)題。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What is the main idea of the passage
A.The Arctic Circle. B.The Sami people.
C.The reindeer. D.A fascinating park.
√
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.A land of mountains and ice.
Para.2　B.Man at peace with nature.
Para.3　C.A land of adventure.
Para.4　D.A summer where the sun never sleeps.
答案 Para.1 D　Para.2 A　Para.3 B　Para.4 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again
and fill in the blanks.
the Arctic Circle
covered
ice
reindeer
traditions
wild
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why did the Swedish government make Sarek a national park
A.In order to attract more visitors.
B.In order to protect reindeer.
C.In order to keep people out of the land.
D.In order to keep the land in its natural state.
√
2.Why does the author say telling whether it is morning or night is impossible
A.Because the wind is too strong.
B.Because the watch is broken.
C.Because it’s summer above the Arctic Circle.
D.Because the sun is shining too brightly.
√
3.What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. A.Without reindeer these hundreds of years, Sami would not have lived well.
B.Sami live in villages now,so they can live well without reindeer.
C.There are not enough reindeer for Sami to live on now.
D.The number of reindeer is smaller and smaller, so Sami can’t be allowed to hunt them.
√
4.What does the author think of his trip to Sarek National Park
A.Challenging but worth it.
B.Difficult and boring.
C.Puzzling and terrible.
D.Exciting but difficult.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構(gòu)
1.Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.
學(xué)會(huì)斷句:本句是復(fù)合句。主句是　 　　　結(jié)構(gòu),正常語(yǔ)序是The Sami people were following the reindeer。who made this territory their home為　　　　從句,修飾先行詞the Sami people。
完全倒裝
定語(yǔ)
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
跟隨馴鹿到來(lái)的是薩米人,他們?cè)谶@片土地上安家落戶。
2.If today is anything like yesterday,it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley.
學(xué)會(huì)斷句:本句是復(fù)合句。主句是______________________________
________。If today is anything like yesterday是　　 　　從句。as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley是__________從句。anything like后面可以接人或物,意思是“與……相像,多少有點(diǎn)像”。
it will be full of sweat and hard
work
條件狀語(yǔ)
原因狀語(yǔ)
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
____________________________________________________________
如果今天和昨天差不多,那將會(huì)充滿汗水和艱辛,因?yàn)槲乙讲娇缭竭@片地形艱險(xiǎn)的土地,到達(dá)山谷另一端的目的地。
Ⅱ.翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂(課文語(yǔ)法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
I wake up to the sound of the wind 1.　　　　　　　　 (buffet) the cloth of my tent.Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.I’m above the Arctic Circle,2.　　　　　　 in summer the sun never sets.I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park,3.　　　　　　 place with no roads or towns.
buffeting
where
a
Around 9,000 years ago,reindeer began to arrive at Sarek’s mountains.Following the reindeer 4.　　　　　　 (be) the Sami people,who made this territory their home.In 1909,Sarek was made a national park 5.　　　　　　 (keep) the land in its natural state.
For hundreds of years,6.　　　　　　 (look) after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.Today,most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just 7.　　　　　　 their neighbours.But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek and enjoy their 8.　　　　　　 (tradition) as before.
were
to keep
looking
like
traditions
After breakfast,I pack my bag and set out again.Being in such a 9._________(beauty) and wild place makes me feel 10._____________ (bless) to be alive.
beautiful
blessed
語(yǔ) 篇 助 解 釋 疑
[原文呈現(xiàn)] SAREK NATIONAL PARK—
EUROPE’S HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE
1 A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps
I wake up① to the sound of the wind [1]buffeting② the cloth③ of my tent.[2]Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.[3]I’m above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge④. [4] Spreading out⑤ before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley⑥ below. I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park,[5]a place with no roads or towns.
[1]此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),修飾the wind。
[2]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;“telling whether...night”是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作主語(yǔ);whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
[3]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the Arctic Circle。
[4]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[5]此處是同位語(yǔ),解釋說(shuō)明Sarek National Park。
2 A Land of Mountains and Ice
Sarek’s mountains used to⑦ be covered by vast⑧ sheets of ice.Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted,[6]leaving behind⑨ about 100 glaciers⑩. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive.[7]Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. [8]Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state. [9]Though the Sami are
allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park,no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries .At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible .Close by, there are a few reindeer [10]feeding on grass.
[6]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[7]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句?！癋ollowing the reindeer...people”為完全倒裝句;who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;從句中含有“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
[8]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
[9]此處是though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[10]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作后置定語(yǔ),修飾reindeer。
[11]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
[12]此處是since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[13]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。warmed over a fire是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾flat bread;dried是過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ),修飾reindeer meat;that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞some sweet and sour berries;從句中含有“find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞－ing形式growing near my tent在從句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
[14]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[15]此處是動(dòng)詞－ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。
[名師圈點(diǎn)]
①wake up 醒來(lái)
[注意]wake up to在句中指因聽到風(fēng)拍打帳篷發(fā)出的聲響而醒來(lái),wake up to還可表示“意識(shí)到,認(rèn)識(shí)到”,近義詞組為awake to。
②buffet / b fIt/ vt.連續(xù)猛擊;打來(lái)打去
/ b feI; b feI/ n.自助餐
③cloth /kl θ/ n.(一塊)布;織物;布料
④edge /ed / n.邊;邊緣;邊線;刀刃 vt.& vi.(使)徐徐移動(dòng);給……加邊
on/at the edge of 在……的邊緣
⑤spread out 伸展;延長(zhǎng)
⑥valley / v li/ n.谷;山谷;溪谷
⑦used to do sth過(guò)去常常做某事
be used to doing sth習(xí)慣于做某事
be used to do sth被用來(lái)做某事
⑧vast /vɑ st/ adj.遼闊的;巨大的;龐大的
⑨leave behind 留下;落后
⑩glacier / ɡl si (r); ɡleIsi (r);NAmE ɡleI r/ n.冰川
reindeer / reIndI (r)/ n.馴鹿
[注意]其復(fù)數(shù)形式是原形reindeer或reindeers。
territory / ter tri; ter t ri/ n.領(lǐng)土;版圖;領(lǐng)域;地盤
apart from... 除……之外(還)
in order to 為了,以便(表示目的)
be allowed to do sth被允許做某事
ban /b n/ vt.明令禁止;取締n.禁令
ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
boundary / ba ndri/ n.邊界;界限;分界線
cottage / k tId / n.小屋;(尤指)村舍;小別墅
visible / vIz bl/ adj.看得見的;可見的
invisible adj.看不見的
feed on... 以……為食
accompany / k mp ni/ vt.陪同;陪伴;伴隨;(尤指用鋼琴)為……伴奏
accompany sb to some place陪某人去某地
company n.陪伴;公司
live a modern life過(guò)著一種現(xiàn)代化的生活
a small number of 少量的
a huge/large number of 大量的
the number of... ……的數(shù)量
adopt / d pt/ vt.采用;采取;采納 vt.& vi.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)
[形近詞]adapt v.適應(yīng);改編
sour / sa (r)/ adj.酸的;有酸味的
pack one’s bag 收拾某人的包
set out 出發(fā);啟程;(懷著目標(biāo))開始工作
set out to do 著手做
carry sth with sb某人隨身攜帶某物
weigh linking－v.有……重;重
anything like...像……那樣的東西
bless /bles/ vt.祝福
blessed adj.神圣的;有福的
be blessed with...在……方面有福氣
[參考譯文]　 薩勒克國(guó)家公園
——?dú)W洲隱藏的自然財(cái)富
1.一個(gè)太陽(yáng)永不停歇的夏天
風(fēng)噼里啪啦地拍打著我的帳篷的布,我在這聲響中醒來(lái)。即使陽(yáng)光明媚,也不可能分辨出是早上還是晚上。我在北極圈內(nèi),夏天太陽(yáng)從不落山的一個(gè)地方。我看了看表,是早上七點(diǎn)半。我離開帳篷,走到山邊。拉帕河的支流流過(guò)下面的山谷,在我面前伸展開來(lái)。我身處瑞典北端偏遠(yuǎn)的薩勒克國(guó)家公園,一個(gè)既沒有公路也沒有城鎮(zhèn)的地方。
2.群山冰封之地
薩勒克的山上曾經(jīng)被大片的冰層覆蓋。大約9 000年前,這些冰融化了,留下了大約100座冰川。不久之后,馴鹿開始來(lái)到這里。跟隨馴鹿到來(lái)的是薩米人,他們?cè)谶@片土地上安家落戶。到達(dá)這里是相當(dāng)困難的,所以除了薩米人很少有人到過(guò)薩勒克。1909年,為了使這塊土地保持自然狀態(tài),薩勒克被列為國(guó)家公園。雖然薩米人被允許在公園里繼續(xù)保持他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式,但其他人不可以住在這里,而且在公園范圍內(nèi)禁止進(jìn)行任何新的開發(fā)。遠(yuǎn)在山谷的另一邊,可以看到一座古老的薩米人的小屋。旁邊有幾只馴鹿在吃草。
3.人與自然和諧相處
幾百年來(lái),照顧馴鹿是薩米人的一種生活方式。他們用馴鹿的肉做食物,骨頭做工具,毛皮做衣服和帳篷。由于馴鹿總是在遷徙,所以薩米人會(huì)收起他們的帳篷,跟隨而去。今天,大多數(shù)薩米人在薩勒克附近的村莊都有房子,和他們的鄰居一樣過(guò)著現(xiàn)代生活。但每年春天,少數(shù)薩米人仍然跟隨他們的馴鹿進(jìn)入薩勒克的山谷,住在帳篷或老房子里,享受他們的傳統(tǒng)。我不是薩米人,但在薩勒克,我采納了他們的一些習(xí)慣。例如,今天早上我的早餐是火上烤的扁面包、馴鹿肉干,還有一些我發(fā)現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)在我?guī)づ窀浇乃崴崽鹛鸬妮?br/>4.冒險(xiǎn)之地
早飯后,我收拾好行李,又出發(fā)了。因?yàn)槲冶仨氹S身攜帶所有的食物和補(bǔ)給品,所以我的包重約30千克。如果今天和昨天差不多,那將會(huì)充滿汗水和艱辛,因?yàn)槲乙讲娇缭竭@片地形艱險(xiǎn)的土地,到達(dá)山谷另一端的目的地。然而,我不能抱怨。在這樣一個(gè)美麗而荒涼的地方,我覺得活著是幸運(yùn)的。我在這里,獨(dú)自一人在這廣闊的天空下,呼吸著新鮮空氣,享受著這場(chǎng)偉大的冒險(xiǎn)。還有什么比這更好的呢
課 時(shí) 測(cè) 評(píng) 作 業(yè)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Here are four of the U.S.’s least crowded parks, plus what to see and do in them.
Channel Islands National Park, California
Tourists find many ways to explore this group of five wild islands off the coast of Santa Barbara. Beginner-friendly paddling trips let visitors take in abundant sea caves and wildlife, such as gray whales and sea lions. Strong currents (洋流) and shifting weather make going with a guide a smart move.
Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska
This coast-meets-mountains reserve takes wildlife watching to the next level. Use the park’s only maintained long path to the outlook over Harding Icefield for breathtaking views of this icy landscape. Along the way, keep an eye out for black bears, wolves and mountain goats. From a tour boat, look out for whales and dolphins among the waves and sea lions and seals on the beaches.
Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico
Brazilian free-tailed bats are a star attraction at this park. Each year, these bats make their way back from their winter grounds in Mexico to rest in the park’s network of limestone (石灰?guī)r) caves. August and September bring the best bat watching when the year’s babies take to the skies with their parents. Around sunset, the bats leave the caves by the hundreds of thousands to eat insects.
North Cascades National Park, Washington
Known as the “American Alps”, this park holds more than 400 miles of paths that take hikers and horseback riders to wildflower fields, old-growth forests, glacier viewpoints and remote lakes. One standout is the Desolation Peak Trail, which leads to a mountaintop cabin where Jack Kerouac, a famous 20th-century American novelist, spent a summer.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)較為冷門的國(guó)家公園的相關(guān)情況。
1.What’s the role of a guide in Channel Islands National Park
A.Avoiding wild animals.
B.Finding the most attractive spots.
C.Managing currents and varying weather.
D.Finding suitable ways to explore wild islands.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Channel Islands National Park, California部分“Strong currents (洋流) and shifting weather make going with a guide a smart move.”可知,在Channel Islands National Park導(dǎo)游的作用是幫助游客應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜的洋流和天氣變化。故選C。
√
2.What wildlife might tourists see on a boat ride in Kenai Fjords National Park
A.Sea lions and seals. B.Gray whales and black bears.
C.Brazilian free-tailed bats. D.Wolves and mountain goats.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska部分“From a tour boat, look out for whales and dolphins among the waves and sea lions and seals on the beaches.”可知,游客乘船游覽Kenai Fjords National Park時(shí)可能會(huì)看到海獅和海豹。故選A。
√
3.Which park might appeal to someone who loves literature
A.Channel Islands National Park.
B.Kenai Fjords National Park.
C.Carlsbad Caverns National Park.
D.North Cascades National Park.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)North Cascades National Park, Washington部分“One standout is the...novelist, spent a summer.”可知,North Cascades National Park可能會(huì)吸引喜歡文學(xué)的人。故選D。
√
B
Many guests have had the pleasure of observing the magnificent cheetahs (獵豹) that find shelter on the Tswalu Private Reserve, but they might not be aware of the work to make these wild cats feel comfortable in the presence of humans. As a conservation photographer, I spent a day with conservator Clement Motau to understand what it takes to habituate cheetahs.
Habituating wildlife is an on-going process —slowly getting wild animals used to the presence of vehicles and people. Animals like cheetahs receive regular visits from the wildlife conservation team. That way they learn that in this privately protected area, humans pose no threat to them.
Clement, now 29 years old, spent his early childhood in Middelburg, but he would go to the rural area every chance he got, including most school holidays. “I enjoyed climbing mountains and
being outdoors. I always knew I wanted to work with wild animals.” He decided to study nature conservation rather than become a tour guide because “dealing with people all the time is not my strongest point.” After three years of studies, he came to Tswalu in 2016 and was offered a position on the conservation team. Though one day rarely looks the same as another, with tasks ranging from collaring wild dogs to mending fences, the chance to spend time with cheetahs is an experience he particularly enjoys.
An hour after we first spotted Artemis, Clement’s favorite cheetah, she is still on the move, clearly looking for a meal. She is a beautiful animal, and I am in no hurry to leave. Though she seems unbothered by our presence, we don’t want to negatively impact her chances of feeding. Wildlife tourism is an essential conservation tool, both to raise awareness and to pay for all the costs. But the wellbeing of the animals always comes first. “She is very obliging with us today,” he says. “So relaxed. The guides and our guests will love her. She’ll be a future star.”
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過(guò)與獵豹保育員的一天之行,了解了獵豹如何適應(yīng)棲息地并習(xí)慣人類的存在。
4.What do we know about habituating wild animals
A.It’s a process to get wild animals used to humans.
B.It’s done by paying random visits to wild animals.
C.Wild animals will benefit from this practice.
D.Such practice is limited to private reserves.
√
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第一句“Habituating wildlife is an on-going process —slowly getting wild animals used to the presence of vehicles and people.”可知,使野生動(dòng)物適應(yīng)棲息地即讓它們能夠習(xí)慣人類的存在。故選A項(xiàng)。
5.Why did Clement choose to become a nature conservator
A.Because he liked a job with various tasks.
B.Because being a tour guide was not his dream.
C.Because he enjoyed spending time with wild animals.
D.Because working with animals was his strongest point.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第三句“I always knew I wanted to work with wild animals.”和第三段最后一句“ Though one day rarely looks...he particularly enjoys.”可知,Clement選擇成為一位自然保育員是因?yàn)樗矚g和野生動(dòng)物待在一塊。故選C項(xiàng)。
√
6.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean
A.Artemis is responding to our request.
B.Artemis is warning us to keep a distance.
C.Artemis is inviting us to enter her territory.
D.Artemis is feeling comfortable with our presence.
√
解析　句意理解題。文章最后一段第三句“Though she seems unbothered by our presence, we don’t want to negatively impact her chances of feeding.”和最后一段最后一句“So relaxed. The guides and our guests will love her. She’ll be a future star.”可知,對(duì)于人類的出現(xiàn)Artemis完全沒有感到驚慌,仍自在地捕獵。導(dǎo)游和客人都很愛她,說(shuō)明Artemis已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在,沒有不適的反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。
7.What is the text mainly about
A.A remarkable cheetah conservator.
B.A reserve for cheetahs.
C.A cheetah conservation program.
D.A tour with a cheetah conservator.
解析　主旨大意題。文章第一段最后一句“As a conservation photographer, I spent a day with conservator Clement Motau to understand what it takes to habituate cheetahs.”可知,作為一名野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)攝影師,作者花了一天時(shí)間與保育員Clement Motau一起了解是什么使得獵豹適應(yīng)棲息地。故選D項(xiàng)。
√
C
The Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park in East China’s Zhejiang Province, founded in 2005, is the country’s first national wetland park. Situated in the western part of Hangzhou, Xixi is only 5 kilometers away from the West Lake, a renowned UNESCO World Heritage site in the city.
Water is the soul of Xixi. With an area of 11.5 square kilometers, the park is mostly covered by streams, ponds, lakes and swamps, with six long rivers forming a tangled network of waterways. Nearly 70 percent of the park is water and the length of waterways inside the park surpasses 100 kilometers.
Additionally, about 85 percent of the land in Xixi is covered by plants such as reeds(蘆葦), willows and persimmon (柿子) trees and a variety of wildlife living among them, making Xixi a great platform for animal and bird watching, scientific research and education.
Because of its abundant water resources and species, Xixi Wetland is an important part of Hangzhou’s ecosystem and helps purify water, relieve flooding, regulate the climate and maintain biodiversity. Nestled in an urban area of the city, it is called “the natural purifier of Hangzhou”.
As well as providing a place for people to enjoy the region’s natural charm, Xixi Wetland is also a cultural treasure which has been described and extolled by scholars throughout history.
Xixi was a land of beauty and a place of seclusion (隱居) in the eyes of ancient people. Inspired by the elegance of Xixi, many literati (文人)—including Su Dongpo, Tang Bohu, Dong Qichang and Yu Dafu —created numerous literary works about the place. Some of them are showcased on the inscribed boards and tablets dotted throughout the wetland park.
The Xixi Wetland was not quite so well-known to people until the famous Chinese film director Feng Xiaogang used it as a backdrop for part of his 2008 film If You Are the One, adding the wetland to the list of must-visit tourist attractions in Hangzhou.
Today, the pristine (未開發(fā)的) scenery, the rustic (淳樸的) charm of a country lifestyle and the ancient traditions of Xixi attract tourists from around the world.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了杭州西溪國(guó)家濕地公園的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
8.How long is the waterway of Xixi National Wetland Park
A.Over 5 kilometers. B.Over 11.5 kilometers.
C.Over 70 kilometers. D.Over 100 kilometers.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nearly 70 percent of the park is water and the length of waterways inside the park surpasses 100 kilometers.”可知,公園內(nèi)的水道長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)100公里。故選D。
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9.Why is Xixi National Wetland Park called “the natural purifier of Hangzhou”
A.Because it is a platform for animal and bird watching.
B.Because it is a platform for scientific research and education.
C.Because it is nestled in an urban area of the city.
D.Because its ecosystem helps purify water.
√
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段可知,西溪國(guó)家濕地公園被稱為“杭州的天然凈化器”是因?yàn)槲飨獫竦負(fù)碛胸S富的水資源和物種,是杭州生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,具有凈化水質(zhì)、緩解洪水、調(diào)節(jié)氣候和維持生物多樣性的作用。故選D。
10.The underlined word “extolled” in Paragraph 5 most probably means “　　　　”.
A.criticized B.praised C.represented D.painted
解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線單詞下一段“Xixi was a land of beauty and a place of seclusion(隱居) in the eyes of ancient people. Inspired by the elegance of Xixi...”可知,受到西溪之美的啟發(fā),許多文人都曾頌揚(yáng)西溪公園,創(chuàng)作了許多關(guān)于西溪的文學(xué)作品。由此可知,畫線單詞和“頌揚(yáng)”相近。故選B。
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11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A.Return to Paradise
B.Tourist Attractions in Hangzhou
C.Hangzhou, the Natural Purifier
D.A Place of Seclusion
解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了西溪國(guó)家濕地公園,西溪濕地不僅是人們享受自然魅力的人間天堂,也是歷史上學(xué)者們描繪和頌揚(yáng)的文化寶庫(kù)。由此可知,選項(xiàng)A“Return to Paradise(重返天堂)”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。
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Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
When I was standing on a hill at Cliveden Gardens on a sunny winter day, its dark-green lake surrounded by centuries-old trees took my breath away.　1　 It’s just a local park near London that I’d never heard of during my eight years living in the UK. As I admired the peaceful garden, it taught me a lesson about the British culture of understatement (低調(diào)).
“The English landscape is more beautiful because its beauty is understated,” my friend Will said to me later as we walked through an exhibition at Tate Britain. He pointed to a painting of a peaceful countryside. “This is the landscape I grew up with”, he said. Unlike grand waterfalls or wild forests, this scenery doesn’t shout about its beauty.　2　
I wonder if Chinese tourists will explore beyond London.　3　 Indeed, Oxford and Cambridge and the beloved Lake District National Park are some iconic symbols of Britain. But it would be a pity if they miss out on the lesser-known parts of the English landscape.
　4　 I remember a straight-A classmate once telling me he “survived exams” and another friend from Oxford introducing himself as “studying in the countryside”. This modesty also has its mirror in Chinese culture. I remember my parents’ telling me to work hard but not to exaggerate my achievements. Chinese culture is full of proverbs such as “real gold will shine sooner or later”, to encourage long-term devotion to one’s chosen area of expertise.
Experiencing both cultures, I’ve realized that the English and Chinese both express achievements with understatement.　5　 It reflects the unspoken charm in both British and Chinese traditions. And it’s an off-the-beaten-path attraction well worth exploration.
A.I’ve been impressed by British humor all the time.
B.They tend to prefer places with a strong reputation.
C.But the more I looked, the more I saw its quiet elegance.
D.Cliveden isn’t a famous holiday place where visitors flock.
E.Rather, its beauty is reserved for the local community only.
F.This mix makes me appreciate the unusual beauty of Cliveden.
G.Over the years, I’ve been familiarizing myself with British modesty.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了Cliveden花園的美麗以及花園帶給作者的感悟。
1.D　[本句主要說(shuō)明了上文提到的Cliveden花園的情況,結(jié)合后文提到這只是一個(gè)公園,并不知名,故D項(xiàng)“Cliveden并不是一個(gè)游客云集的著名度假勝地?！狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選D。]
2.C　[本句為本段最后一句,故承接上文說(shuō)明朋友對(duì)英國(guó)風(fēng)景的看法,故C選項(xiàng)“但我看得越多,就越能看到它寧?kù)o的優(yōu)雅?！泵枋鲎约旱目捶?符合語(yǔ)境,故選C。]
3.B　[上文提到了中國(guó)游客是否會(huì)去倫敦以外的地方旅游的疑問,后文則提到了一些著名景點(diǎn),可知本句是在說(shuō)明中國(guó)游客的旅游特點(diǎn),故B選項(xiàng)“他們往往更喜歡有良好聲譽(yù)的地方?！狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選B。]
4.G　[下文提到了牛津的朋友的謙遜,故G選項(xiàng)“這些年來(lái),我已經(jīng)熟悉了英國(guó)人的謙遜”符合語(yǔ)境,故選G。]
5.F　[作者經(jīng)歷了兩種文化,且都強(qiáng)調(diào)了低調(diào),可知本句承接上文說(shuō)明文化對(duì)作者的影響,后文It指代Cliveden。故F選項(xiàng)“這種混合使我欣賞Cliveden不同尋常的美”符合語(yǔ)境,故選F。]
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