資源簡介

UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
大觀念之單元話題:本單元為“人與社會”主題語境下對“社會進(jìn)步與人類文明”的探討,以“未來智能家居”為主線,介紹了未來智能家居的發(fā)展情況,并探討了科技進(jìn)步給人類帶來的利與弊。通過學(xué)習(xí)本單元內(nèi)容,了解科學(xué)技術(shù)和智能家居對人類生活的影響和意義,能夠辯證地思考其利弊。
①assistant / s st nt/n.助手,助理
②capacity /k p s ti/n.能力,才能;容量
③analyse / n la z/v.分析
④regulate / reɡjule t/　v.控制,管理
⑤in contrast 與此相反
⑥fall into the wrong hands落入壞人之手
⑦agree on 就……達(dá)成一致
類文悅讀·情境導(dǎo)學(xué)
　　人工智能是人類最偉大的成就還是最大的威脅,你有什么不同的看法
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI,I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant① built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her,and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑤,my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
Pink_haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity② to analyse③ and interpret vast amounts of data,which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history,if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands⑥,it could also be the most dangerous.However,AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate④ it.One thing I think we all agree on⑦,though,is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!(選自外研版選必三Unit 4)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
Step One:Pre-reading
1.What do the boy,the robot and the universe probably stand for
答案　the boy:human beings
the robot:science technology
the universe:infinite future ahead
2.Read the title and the three subtitles,and answer:
(1)What is the purpose of the passage
To give us an insight into smart homes.
(2)Who is the intended audience
People who are interested in advanced technology.
Step Two:While-reading
閱讀策略——Identify purpose and audience
識別作者的寫作意圖及目標(biāo)讀者是閱讀過程中的高階思維活動。讀者可以根據(jù)文章的主旨要義和體裁來判斷作者的寫作意圖。
根據(jù)文章的大標(biāo)題SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER以及三個小標(biāo)題Intelligent Controls、Regular Health Checks和No More Disasters,我們可知文章的主旨是從智能控制、定期健康檢查和避免意外三個方面介紹智能家居如何使我們未來的生活變得更加輕松。同時,結(jié)合語篇說明文的體裁,我們不難總結(jié)出本文的寫作意圖是:to inform the readers of the benefits of smart homes (向讀者介紹智能家居給未來生活帶來的便利與好處)。基于上述分析,結(jié)合文章開頭的兩個問句,我們可以推斷本文的目標(biāo)讀者是對與生活相關(guān)的科技發(fā)展感興趣的人群。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
The passage mainly tells us about the benefits of smart homes.
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Smart homes will check people’s health regularly.
Para.2 B.Smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents.
Para.3 C.Intelligent controls in the home system.
Para.4 D.Smart technology will be used widely in the future.
Para.5E.Smart homes will bring us safe,energysaving and comfortable life in the future.
答案　Para.1 E　Para.2 C　Para.3 A　Para.4 B　Para.5 D
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What are the technologies used in smart homes
A.Integrated sensors. B.Switches.
C.Knobs. D.Remote controls.
2.What will the integrated sensors be used to do
A.To switch off TVs and air conditioners.
B.To remind you when you should start off.
C.To control the home automatically.
D.To tell you when the dinner is ready.
3.What will smart homes do when there is damage at home
A.They will fix the problem.
B.They will call a repairman.
C.They will keep constant track of it.
D.They will offer you some information.
4.How does the author develop the passage
A.Topic—Arguments—Description.
B.Opinion—Discussions—Explanations.
C.Topic—Supporting examples—Conclusion.
D.Topic—Arguments—Conclusion.
答案　1.A　2.C　3.D　4.C
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構(gòu)
1.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
學(xué)會斷句:本句是so 連接的并列句,在第二個分句中,if you want to change your routine是條件狀語從句;and連接兩個并列分句you just say aloud what you want和the home system will obey,在第一個并列分句中what you want 是賓語從句。
嘗試翻譯:所有的控制都會響應(yīng)語音命令,所以如果你想改變你的日常生活習(xí)慣,你只要大聲說出你想要的,家居系統(tǒng)就會遵照執(zhí)行。
2.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking,or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.
學(xué)會斷句:本句是復(fù)合句,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information是主句,and連接并列謂語detect和 provide,or連接兩個并列條件狀語從句。
嘗試翻譯:例如,如果水管漏水或發(fā)生電線短路,你的智能家居將會探測出來,并給你提供相關(guān)的信息。
Ⅱ.翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
In the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV 1.automatically(automatic).These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment 2.to live(live) in.
First,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.You will no longer have to think about turning switches 3.on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your 4.daily(day) routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on 5.the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already 6.prepared(prepare) for you.In addition,your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a 7.warning(warn) to your phone.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something 8.abnormal(normal) or if you have a critical illness.What’s more,smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.
Many of these new 9.innovations(innovate) are already available and being used in some homes.Nevertheless,it will take some years 10.before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
[原文呈現(xiàn)]
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten to① lock the door of your house Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off② the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to③ us all the time④,waste resources,and can sometimes lead to⑤ problems.However,in the not-too-distant⑥ future,we will be living in smart homes[1]that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.These smart homes will[2] keep us secure⑦, save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment[3] to live in.
[1]此處that引導(dǎo)定語從句;when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;and連接并列謂語。
[2]此處是“keep+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補足語由形容詞充當(dāng)。此外,keep后的賓語補足語還可以由名詞、動詞-ing形式、過去分詞和介詞短語充當(dāng)。
[3]此處是動詞不定式短語作后置定語,修飾environment;由于live是不及物動詞,介詞in不可省略。
Intelligent Controls⑧
Today,we have to use switches for⑨ our lights,knobs⑩ for our appliances , and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners .In the future,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences , so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on[4] the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
[4]此處the instant意為“一……就……”,是名詞短語,可用作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;and連接兩個并列分句,第二個分句中含有“find+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。
Regular Health Checks
In addition, your smart home[5] will be monitoring your health for you every day.Your bed,for example,will record how well you sleep every night.It will also be checking your body weight.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a warning to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and[6] how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track ofyour health as well.[7]They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness,such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
[5]本段中的will be monitoring、will also be checking、will be keeping均是將來進(jìn)行時。
[6]此處是“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),作介詞on的賓語。
[7]句中的兩個if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;or是并列連詞,連接兩個從句;and連接并列謂語。
No More Disasters
Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking, or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.This way,you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire.
This smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today.Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
[名師圈點]
①forget to do sth 忘記要做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
②switch off/on關(guān)/開(電燈、機器等)
switch /swIt / vt.轉(zhuǎn)換;交換
vi.& vt.(使)改變;轉(zhuǎn)變
n.開關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換器;改變
③(sth) happen to sb(某事)發(fā)生在某人身上
④all the time始終,一直
⑤lead to導(dǎo)致;通向
⑥distant / dIst nt/ adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;疏遠(yuǎn)的;心不在焉的
not-too-distant為復(fù)合形容詞,意為“不遠(yuǎn)的”,相當(dāng)于near。
⑦secure /sI kj (r)/ adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.獲得;拴牢;保護(hù)
⑧intelligent control 智能控制
intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj.智能的
⑨for (表對象或用途等)給,對
a stick for walking 拐杖
⑩knob /n b/ n.旋鈕;球形把手
appliance / plaI ns/ n.電器;器具
remote control遙控器;遙控
remote /rI m t/ adj.遠(yuǎn)程的;偏遠(yuǎn)的
air conditioner /k n dI n (r)/ 空調(diào)機;空調(diào)設(shè)備
automatic / t m tIk/ adj.自動的
integrated / IntIɡreItId/ adj.
各部分密切協(xié)調(diào)的;綜合的
integrate / IntIɡreIt/ vi.& vt.
(使)合并;成為一體
sensor / sens (r)/ n.傳感器;敏感元件
energy-efficient adj.
節(jié)能的,節(jié)約能源的;高能效的
efficient /I fI nt/ adj.效率高的;有功效的
mode /m d/ n.模式;方式;風(fēng)格
daily routine 日常生活
routine /ru ti n/ n.常規(guī);正常順序 adj.常規(guī)的;日常的
preference / prefr ns/ n.愛好;偏愛
have a preference for... 偏愛……,更喜歡……
instant / Inst nt/ n.瞬間;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的
instantly / nst ntli/ adv.立刻,立即,馬上
command /k mɑ nd/ n.指令;命令;控制
vt.命令;控制
obey / beI/ vi.& vt.服從;遵守
in addition 此外;另外
warning / w nI / n.警告;警示;先兆
constant / k nst nt/ adj.不斷的;重復(fù)的;不變的 n.常數(shù);常量
keep track of 記錄;追蹤;與……保持聯(lián)系
as well也;同樣
early on在初期;早先
abnormal / b n ml/ adj.不正常的;反常的
normal / n m/ adj.正常的,一般的
critical / krItIkl/ adj.
嚴(yán)重的;關(guān)鍵的;批判性的
cancer / k ns (r)/ n.癌;癌癥;毒瘤
potentially /p ten li/ adv.潛在地;可能地
potential /p ten l/ adj.
可能的;潛在的 n.潛力;可能性
leak /li k/ vi.& vt.漏;滲漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂縫;透露
electrical /I lektrIkl/ adj.電的;用電的
wiring / waI rI / n.
電線線路;線路系統(tǒng)
wire / waI (r)/ n.電線;金屬絲(或線)
vt.接通電源;將……連接到
detect /dI tekt/ vt.發(fā)現(xiàn);查明
provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 提供給某人某物
relevant / rel v nt/ adj.有關(guān)的;有意義的
catch fire著火
fantasy / f nt si/ n.幻想;想象
innovation / In veI n/ n.創(chuàng)新;創(chuàng)造
available / veIl bl/ adj.
可獲得的;可購得的;(人)有空的
in this sense(in...sense) 從這種(某種)意義上來講
nevertheless / nev les/ adv.盡管如此;不過;然而
[參考譯文]　 智能家居讓生活更簡單
你忘記過鎖你家的門嗎 或是,你忘記過關(guān)掉電視或電腦嗎 這些事情經(jīng)常發(fā)生在我們身上,浪費資源,有時還會帶來一些問題。然而,在不久的將來,我們將住進(jìn)智能家居,當(dāng)我們外出時,智能家居會為我們鎖門,當(dāng)我們忘記關(guān)電視時,智能家居會記得關(guān)閉它。這些智能家居將保證我們的安全,為我們節(jié)省能源,并提供一個更舒適的居住環(huán)境。
智能控制
如今,我們得用開關(guān)控制電燈,用旋鈕控制電器,用遙控器控制我們的電視和空調(diào)。在未來,我們每天都會使用先進(jìn)技術(shù)對家中幾乎所有東西進(jìn)行自動化控制。未來的住宅將使用集成傳感器來判斷你每天早上什么時候離開家,然后自動進(jìn)入節(jié)能模式。你不必再想著自己打開和關(guān)閉開關(guān)。你的家也會了解你的日常習(xí)慣和偏好,所以當(dāng)你每天晚上到家時,一切都會為你準(zhǔn)備好。你一進(jìn)家門,燈就會亮起,還有你最喜歡的音樂或電視節(jié)目(會自動播放),而且你會發(fā)現(xiàn)晚餐已為你準(zhǔn)備好了。所有的控制都會響應(yīng)語音指令,所以如果你想改變你的日常生活習(xí)慣,你只要大聲說出你想要的,家居系統(tǒng)就會遵照執(zhí)行。
定期健康檢查
此外,你的智能家居將每天監(jiān)測你的健康狀況。例如,你的床會記錄你每晚的睡眠情況,也會檢查你的體重。如果你開始有睡眠或體重問題,它會向你的手機發(fā)送警告。它也會向你建議更健康的飲食以及如何睡得更好。智能衛(wèi)生間也會持續(xù)跟蹤你的健康狀況。如果出現(xiàn)不正常的情況,或者你得了癌癥之類的重病,它們會提前警告你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
不再有災(zāi)難
智能家居將能防止事故造成的嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。例如,如果水管漏水或發(fā)生電線短路,你的智能家居將會探測出來,并給你提供相關(guān)的信息。這樣,你就能在你家被水淹沒或著火之前解決問題。
這種智能技術(shù)并非空想。很多這些新近的創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)可用并正在一些住宅中使用。從這種意義上來講,明天的家已經(jīng)是今天的家了。然而,要讓大多數(shù)新家庭開始使用這項新技術(shù)還需要幾年的時間。
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Terrific New Technologies
·A fashionable smart speaker
The new Amazon Echo smart speaker has the same popular feature as the original—an always listening voice assistant ready to play music and news,set timers and use third-party apps.Only now it’s actually stylish.The $120 speaker comes in different finishes,including fabric and wood.
·A helping hand for parents
10 Suzy Snooze helps babies and kids sleep so parents can catch up on their own sleep.It’s a sound machine and a nightlight.It connects with an app over wi-fi and turns into an audio monitor.If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.It can also let early risers know when it’s OK to get out of bed.Made by Bleep Bleeps,the $249 “smart nightlight” has an adorable little face.
·Safety for ding dongs
Doorbells used to just ring,ding and dong.But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (監(jiān)視) devices.Rings $249 Video Doorbell Pro can record HD video of your front steps,even at night.It includes motion sensors and two-way audio,so you can yell “get off my lawn” from anywhere.You can also use the app to see what’s going on in front of your house while you’re at work or in the backyard.
·The must-have kitchen gadget
The Instant Pot makes food fast in one pot.The surprise kitchen hit is a combination of pressure cooker,rice cooker,slow cooker and even yogurt maker.It has sensors and settings to make cooking as safe as possible.Starting at $80,an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾款新科技產(chǎn)品。
1.What can Suzy Snooze do for parents
A.Provide sunlight.
B.Play with babies.
C.Comfort crying babies.
D.Remind parents to wake up kids.
答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.”可知,Suzy Snooze可以幫助父母安撫哭鬧的孩子,故選C項。]
2.What is the advantage of the Video Doorbell Pro compared with traditional doorbells
A.It can play HD videos.
B.It can make a sound of ding-dong.
C.It can communicate with the users.
D.It can take on the work of a monitor.
答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (監(jiān)視) devices.”可知,專業(yè)版視頻門鈴與傳統(tǒng)門鈴相比,視頻門鈴可以承擔(dān)監(jiān)視器的工作,故選D項。]
3.Who are most probably interested in the Instant Pot
A.Those who love fast food.
B.Those who enjoy cooking.
C.Those who are busy working.
D.Those who like going camping.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them”可知,忙于工作的人們可能對這種鍋感興趣,故選C項。]
B
Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery(外科手術(shù)).They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
One example is “keyhole surgery”,which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022,surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks(操縱桿) to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor(癌癥腫瘤).“My colleague said that this feels like cheating,” Ansell said to The Guardian.
Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Telesurgery,or remote surgery,is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
Normally,telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery.But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing,a distance totaling nearly 3,000 kilometers,reported CGTN.More recently,a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city,reported China Daily.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou,Guangdong province,but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou,Hainan province.
Looking to the future,people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems,combined with AI,could one day surpass(超過) human surgeons.
But,in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots,the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了醫(yī)療機器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。機器人工具在手術(shù)實踐中引起了巨大的變化。它們大大減輕了外科醫(yī)生通常承受的壓力和體力要求,并使某些手術(shù)成為可能。
4.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5G technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,第二段“keyhole surgery”是對第一段的舉例,即機器人工具帶來的進(jìn)步,故選B項。]
5.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“China achieved the first...kilometers,reported CGTN.”可知,中國在遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)方面實現(xiàn)了第一次基于5G的腦部手術(shù),在三亞的一名外科醫(yī)生和北京的一名患者之間進(jìn)行了腦部手術(shù),距離總計近3 000公里,故選C項。]
6.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But,in consideration of...a long way to go.”可知,機器人運用在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的成本很高,由此可推斷,他們的發(fā)展還有很長的路要走,還需要不斷改善,故選A項。]
7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
答案　C　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected ...”以及通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了醫(yī)療機器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,故選C項。]
C
Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.But they’re not talking about deliberately pushing buttons to trigger disaster.They mean accidentally killing ourselves with something that we invent for our benefit.
It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that accidental deaths are increasing in a world that our ancestors made safer for hundreds of years.Our grandparents saw the invention of the automobile,the bulldozer (推土機) and so on,and they made them all safer.However,nowadays,we put a smartphone on every hand,and now more than 1,000 distraction-related crashes happen on our roads every day.Kids and pets die of heatstroke (中暑) inside cars—we are on track to set a new record for hot car deaths.We may not have to worry about AI,but our innovations are quietly outpacing our ability.
We place blind trust in complex systems that reveal little about how they work.It seems that we have superhuman abilities,and consumers seem willing to play along.They drive at a speed of 80 mph with a phone and a cup of coffee,and they are proud of their multitasks.Sure,other people on phones are dangerous,but you can smoothly switch your attention and notice when any emergency occurs,right
When we misjudged a situation in the past,we got immediate feedback.But technology can place the consequences of our missteps at a distance.Delayed reactions,complex chain reactions—these are all part of how technology works.But having adapted to a world of new inventions,we are crazy about driverless cars,seldom stopping to consider what could go wrong later down the road.Worse still,technology is even hacking our feedback system.We get excited when we check our phone while driving.Edith Harbaugh,whose company Launch Darkly specializes in the controlled release of new technology into the wild,pointed out that we’re creating a dangerously unbalanced system of actions and rewards: “We are not given ice creams every time we do something safe.”
So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.The modern world is breaking everything we know about staying safe.If we have any hope of staying alive with the rise of the machines,we are going to need to learn to survive the things we have today.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科技巨頭們對科技可能帶來的危險的警告,指出科技正在威脅人類的安全,并分析了其中的原因。
8.Why is the warning of tech giants mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To give a definition.
B.To highlight their wisdom.
C.To offer background information.
D.To introduce the topic.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech...not talking about...”和第二段中“However,nowadays,we put a...distraction-related crashes happen...”可知,第一段提到了科技巨頭們對科技可能帶來的危險的警告,這是為了引出本文要討論的話題,即科技對人類安全的威脅,故選D項。]
9.Which is NOT the reason why technology is threatening
A.We trust complex systems blindly.
B.We create too many inventions.
C.Our ability cannot keep pace with the innovations.
D.Technology can’t give us feedback immediately.
答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that...”和“We may not...are quietly outpacing our ability.”可知,我們的創(chuàng)新能力正在超越我們的能力,這是科技威脅人類的原因之一;根據(jù)第三段中“We place blind trust in...”可知,我們對復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的盲目信任是科技威脅人類的另一個原因;根據(jù)第四段中“When we misjudged a situation...”可知,科技不能立即給我們反饋,這也是科技威脅人類的原因之一。B項“We create too many inventions.”并未在文中提及作為科技威脅人類的原因,故選B項。]
10.If the passage continues,what may be talked about
A.The rise of the machines.
B.The destruction of the world.
C.The measures to deal with the problem.
D.The worries about threatening technology.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So it is too...the things we have today.”可知,文章最后提到了我們需要學(xué)會在現(xiàn)有的條件下生存下去,這暗示著接下來可能會討論如何應(yīng)對科技帶來的威脅,即解決問題的措施,故選C項。]
11.What is the best title for the text
A.Every Coin Has Two Sides
B.Technology Is Benefiting Us
C.Technology Is Killing Us
D.How Should We Deal with Technology
答案　C　[標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文,特別是根據(jù)第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.”和最后一段“So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.”可知,文章主要討論了科技對人類安全的威脅,因此最好的標(biāo)題是“Technology Is Killing Us(科技正在殺死我們)”,故選C項。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
The age of space exploration started on April 12,1961,when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans The answer is simple.　1　 In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.
Promote the progress of medicine
　2　 For example,analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses.The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases.
Develop new technologies
The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time.　3　 For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.
Start space tourism
The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space.However,it is still too expensive to go to space.As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.　4　
Inspire the next generation
Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.　5　 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future,but it also helps humans.
A.Technologies have advanced considerably.
B.It gets students interested in science and technology.
C.Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.
D.These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration.
E.The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.
F.Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.
G.Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空探索的四大好處。
1.E　[根據(jù)空格前一句“But why do we go to...deadly to humans ”可知,此處是在提出問題,而空格后一句“In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.”是在回答這個問題,由此可知,空格處應(yīng)該是在解釋為什么我們要去對人類來說危險甚至致命的環(huán)境,選項E“The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.”解釋了為什么我們要去探索太空,因此承上啟下,符合語境,故選E項。]
2.F　[根據(jù)本文小標(biāo)題“Promote the progress of medicine”可知,本段是在講太空探索對醫(yī)學(xué)的影響,選項F“Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.”說明了太空探索能帶來一些醫(yī)療好處,和本段的語境符合,故選F項。]
3.G　[根據(jù)空格后一句“For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives...”可知,此處說明的是原本為宇航員開發(fā)的技術(shù)也應(yīng)用到了普通人的生活中,G選項“Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.”說明了一些公司為探索太空所帶來的技術(shù)找到了普通的消費者,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選G項。]
4.C　[根據(jù)空格前一句“As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.”可知,太空旅行的成本大大降低了,空格處應(yīng)該說明這會帶來什么好處,選項C“Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.”說明很有可能將來我們所有人都可以進(jìn)行太空旅行,是太空旅行成本降低帶來的好處,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選C項。]
5.B　[根據(jù)空格前一句“Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.”可知,此處是在講太空探索對孩子們的影響,B選項“It gets students interested in science and technology.”說明了太空探索所激發(fā)的好奇心使學(xué)生對科學(xué)技術(shù)感興趣,也是太空探索對孩子的影響,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選B項。](共87張PPT)
主題語境:人與社會——展望未來
UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
大觀念之單元話題:本單元為“人與社會”主題語境下對“社會進(jìn)步與人類文明”的探討,以“未來智能家居”為主線,介紹了未來智能家居的發(fā)展情況,并探討了科技進(jìn)步給人類帶來的利與弊。通過學(xué)習(xí)本單元內(nèi)容,了解科學(xué)技術(shù)和智能家居對人類生活的影響和意義,能夠辯證地思考其利弊。
①assistant / s st nt/　n.助手,助理
②capacity /k p s ti/　n.能力,才能;容量
③analyse / n la z/　v.分析
④regulate / reɡjule t/　v.控制,管理
⑤in contrast 與此相反
⑥fall into the wrong hands　落入壞人之手
⑦agree on 就……達(dá)成一致
類文悅讀·情境導(dǎo)學(xué)
　　人工智能是人類最偉大的成就還是最大的威脅,你有什么不同的看法
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI,I’ve got my own super－smart personal assistant① built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her,and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑤, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
Pink_haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity② to analyse③ and interpret vast amounts of data,which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super－intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history,if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands⑥,it could also be the most dangerous.However,AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate④ it.One thing I think we all agree on⑦,though,is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!(選自外研版選必三Unit 4)
文本整體理解
內(nèi)
容
索
引
語篇助解釋疑
課時測評作業(yè)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
1.What do the boy,the robot and the universe probably stand for
答案　the boy:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the robot:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
the universe:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
human beings
science technology
infinite future ahead
2.Read the title and the three subtitles,and answer:
(1)What is the purpose of the passage
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
To give us an insight into smart homes.
(2)Who is the intended audience
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
People who are interested in advanced technology.
閱讀策略——Identify purpose and audience
識別作者的寫作意圖及目標(biāo)讀者是閱讀過程中的高階思維活動。讀者可以根據(jù)文章的主旨要義和體裁來判斷作者的寫作意圖。
根據(jù)文章的大標(biāo)題SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER以及三個小標(biāo)題Intelligent Controls、Regular Health Checks和No More Disasters,我們可知文章的主旨是從智能控制、定期健康檢查和避免意外三個方面介紹智能家居如何使我們未來的生活變得更加輕松。同時,
Step Two:While-reading
結(jié)合語篇說明文的體裁,我們不難總結(jié)出本文的寫作意圖是:to inform the readers of the benefits of smart homes (向讀者介紹智能家居給未來生活帶來的便利與好處)。基于上述分析,結(jié)合文章開頭的兩個問句,我們可以推斷本文的目標(biāo)讀者是對與生活相關(guān)的科技發(fā)展感興趣的人群。
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
The passage mainly tells us about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
the benefits of smart homes
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Smart homes will check people’s health regularly.
Para.2 B.Smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents.
Para.3 C.Intelligent controls in the home system.
Para.4 D.Smart technology will be used widely in the future.
Para.5 E.Smart homes will bring us safe,energysaving and comfortable life in the future.
答案 Para.1 E　Para.2 C　Para.3 A　Para.4 B　Para.5 D
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
smart homes
advanced technology
Checking your body weight
preventing serious damage from accidents
fantasy
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What are the technologies used in smart homes
A.Integrated sensors. B.Switches.
C.Knobs. D.Remote controls.
√
2.What will the integrated sensors be used to do
A.To switch off TVs and air conditioners.
B.To remind you when you should start off.
C.To control the home automatically.
D.To tell you when the dinner is ready.
√
3.What will smart homes do when there is damage at home
A.They will fix the problem.
B.They will call a repairman.
C.They will keep constant track of it.
D.They will offer you some information.
√
4.How does the author develop the passage
A.Topic—Arguments—Description.
B.Opinion—Discussions—Explanations.
C.Topic—Supporting examples—Conclusion.
D.Topic—Arguments—Conclusion.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構(gòu)
1.All controls will respond to voice commands,so if you want to change your routine,you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
學(xué)會斷句:本句是　　　　　　 連接的并列句,在第二個分句中,if you want to change your routine是　　　　　　從句;and連接兩個并列分句you just say aloud what you want和the home system will obey,在第一個并列分句中what you want 是　　　　　　從句。
so
條件狀語
賓語
嘗試翻譯:　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　
所有的控制都會響應(yīng)語音命令,所以如果你想改變你的日常生活習(xí)慣,你只要大聲說出你想要的,家居系統(tǒng)就會遵照執(zhí)行。
2.For example,if a water pipe starts leaking,or if there is a short in the electrical wiring,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.
學(xué)會斷句:本句是　　　　句,your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information是主句,and連接并列謂語__________和 　　　　,or連接兩個并列_____________從句。
復(fù)合
detect
provide
條件狀語
嘗試翻譯:　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　
例如,如果水管漏水或發(fā)生電線短路,你的智能家居將會探測出來,并給你提供相關(guān)的信息。
Ⅱ.翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂(課文語法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
In the not－too－distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV 1.___________________ (automatic).These smart homes will keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment 2.　　　　　　　(live) in.
automatically
to live
First,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.You will no longer have to think about turning switches 3.　　　　　　 and off yourself.Your home will also learn your 4.　　　　　　(day) routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on 5.___________________
instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes,and you will find your dinner already 6.______________
on
daily
the
prepared
(prepare) for you.In addition,your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.If you start to have sleep or weight problems,it will send a 7.　　　　　　(warn) to your phone.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something 8.　　　　　　(normal) or if you have a critical illness.What’s more,smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.
warning
abnormal
Many of these new 9.　　　　　　　(innovate) are already available and being used in some homes.Nevertheless,it will take some years 10.　　　　　　 most new homes begin to use this new technology.
innovations
before
語 篇 助 解 釋 疑
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten to① lock the door of your house Or,have you ever forgotten to switch off② the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to③ us all the time④,waste resources,and can sometimes lead to⑤ problems.However,in the not－too－distant⑥ future,we will be living in smart homes[1]that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.These smart homes will[2] keep us secure⑦, save us energy,and provide a more comfortable environment[3] to live in.
[原文呈現(xiàn)]
[1]此處that引導(dǎo)定語從句;when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;and連接并列謂語。
[2]此處是“keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補足語由形容詞充當(dāng)。此外,keep后的賓語補足語還可以由名詞、動詞－ing形式、過去分詞和介詞短語充當(dāng)。
[3]此處是動詞不定式短語作后置定語,修飾environment;由于live是不及物動詞,介詞in不可省略。
Intelligent Controls⑧
Today,we have to use switches for⑨ our lights,knobs⑩ for our appliances , and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners .In the future,we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning,and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.
[4]此處the instant意為“一……就……”,是名詞短語,可用作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;and連接兩個并列分句,第二個分句中含有“find＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。
[5]本段中的will be monitoring、will also be checking、will be keeping均是將來進(jìn)行時。
[6]此處是“特殊疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),作介詞on的賓語。
[7]句中的兩個if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;or是并列連詞,連接兩個從句;and連接并列謂語。
[名師圈點]
①forget to do sth 忘記要做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
②switch off/on關(guān)/開(電燈、機器等)
switch /swIt / vt.轉(zhuǎn)換;交換 vi.& vt.(使)改變;轉(zhuǎn)變 n.開關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換器;改變
③(sth) happen to sb(某事)發(fā)生在某人身上
④all the time始終,一直
⑤lead to導(dǎo)致;通向
⑥distant / dIst nt/ adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;疏遠(yuǎn)的;心不在焉的
not－too－distant為復(fù)合形容詞,意為“不遠(yuǎn)的”,相當(dāng)于near。
⑦secure /sI kj (r)/ adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.獲得;拴牢;保護(hù)
⑧intelligent control 智能控制
intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj.智能的
⑨for (表對象或用途等)給,對
a stick for walking 拐杖
⑩knob /n b/ n.旋鈕;球形把手
appliance / plaI ns/ n.電器;器具
remote control遙控器;遙控
remote /rI m t/ adj.遠(yuǎn)程的;偏遠(yuǎn)的
air conditioner /k n dI n (r)/ 空調(diào)機;空調(diào)設(shè)備
automatic / t m tIk/ adj.自動的
integrated / IntIɡreItId/ adj. 各部分密切協(xié)調(diào)的;綜合的
integrate / IntIɡreIt/ vi.& vt. (使)合并;成為一體
sensor / sens (r)/ n.傳感器;敏感元件
energy－efficient adj.節(jié)能的,節(jié)約能源的;高能效的
efficient /I fI nt/ adj.效率高的;有功效的
mode /m d/ n.模式;方式;風(fēng)格
daily routine 日常生活
routine /ru ti n/ n.常規(guī);正常順序 adj.常規(guī)的;日常的
preference / prefr ns/ n.愛好;偏愛
have a preference for... 偏愛……,更喜歡……
instant / Inst nt/ n.瞬間;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的
instantly / nst ntli/ adv.立刻,立即,馬上
command /k mɑ nd/ n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
obey / beI/ vi.& vt.服從;遵守
in addition 此外;另外
warning / w nI / n.警告;警示;先兆
constant / k nst nt/ adj.不斷的;重復(fù)的;不變的 n.常數(shù);常量
keep track of 記錄;追蹤;與……保持聯(lián)系
as well也;同樣
early on在初期;早先
abnormal / b n ml/ adj.不正常的;反常的
normal / n m/ adj.正常的,一般的
critical / krItIkl/ adj.嚴(yán)重的;關(guān)鍵的;批判性的
cancer / k ns (r)/ n.癌;癌癥;毒瘤
potentially /p ten li/ adv.潛在地;可能地
potential /p ten l/ adj.可能的;潛在的 n.潛力;可能性
leak /li k/ vi.& vt.漏;滲漏;透露 n.漏洞;裂縫;透露
electrical /I lektrIkl/ adj.電的;用電的
wiring / waI rI / n.電線線路;線路系統(tǒng)
wire / waI (r)/ n.電線;金屬絲(或線)vt.接通電源;將……連接到
detect /dI tekt/ vt.發(fā)現(xiàn);查明
provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb提供給某人某物
relevant / rel v nt/ adj.有關(guān)的;有意義的
catch fire著火
fantasy / f nt si/ n.幻想;想象
innovation / In veI n/ n.創(chuàng)新;創(chuàng)造
available / veIl bl/ adj.可獲得的;可購得的;(人)有空的
in this sense(in...sense) 從這種(某種)意義上來講
nevertheless / nev les/ adv.盡管如此;不過;然而
[參考譯文]　 智能家居讓生活更簡單
你忘記過鎖你家的門嗎 或是,你忘記過關(guān)掉電視或電腦嗎 這些事情經(jīng)常發(fā)生在我們身上,浪費資源,有時還會帶來一些問題。然而,在不久的將來,我們將住進(jìn)智能家居,當(dāng)我們外出時,智能家居會為我們鎖門,當(dāng)我們忘記關(guān)電視時,智能家居會記得關(guān)閉它。這些智能家居將保證我們的安全,為我們節(jié)省能源,并提供一個更舒適的居住環(huán)境。
智能控制
如今,我們得用開關(guān)控制電燈,用旋鈕控制電器,用遙控器控制我們的電視和空調(diào)。在未來,我們每天都會使用先進(jìn)技術(shù)對家中幾乎所有東西進(jìn)行自動化控制。未來的住宅將使用集成傳感器來判斷你每天早上什么時候離開家,然后自動進(jìn)入節(jié)能模式。你不必再想著自己打開和關(guān)閉開關(guān)。你的家也會了解你的日常習(xí)慣和偏好,所以當(dāng)你每天晚上到家時,一切都會為你準(zhǔn)備好。你一進(jìn)家門,燈就會亮起,還有你最喜歡的音樂或電視節(jié)目(會自動播放),而且你會發(fā)現(xiàn)晚餐已為你準(zhǔn)備好了。所有的控制都會響應(yīng)語音指令,所以如果你想改變你的日常生活習(xí)慣,你只要大聲說出你想要的,家居系統(tǒng)就會遵照執(zhí)行。
定期健康檢查
此外,你的智能家居將每天監(jiān)測你的健康狀況。例如,你的床會記錄你每晚的睡眠情況,也會檢查你的體重。如果你開始有睡眠或體重問題,它會向你的手機發(fā)送警告。它也會向你建議更健康的飲食以及如何睡得更好。智能衛(wèi)生間也會持續(xù)跟蹤你的健康狀況。如果出現(xiàn)不正常的情況,或者你得了癌癥之類的重病,它們會提前警告你,并有可能挽救你的生命。
不再有災(zāi)難
智能家居將能防止事故造成的嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。例如,如果水管漏水或發(fā)生電線短路,你的智能家居將會探測出來,并給你提供相關(guān)的信息。這樣,你就能在你家被水淹沒或著火之前解決問題。
這種智能技術(shù)并非空想。很多這些新近的創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)可用并正在一些住宅中使用。從這種意義上來講,明天的家已經(jīng)是今天的家了。然而,要讓大多數(shù)新家庭開始使用這項新技術(shù)還需要幾年的時間。
課 時 測 評 作 業(yè)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Terrific New Technologies
·A fashionable smart speaker
The new Amazon Echo smart speaker has the same popular feature as the original—an always listening voice assistant ready to play music and news,set timers and use third-party apps.Only now it’s actually stylish.The $120 speaker comes in different finishes,including fabric and wood.
·A helping hand for parents
10 Suzy Snooze helps babies and kids sleep so parents can catch up on their own sleep.It’s a sound machine and a nightlight.It connects with an app over wi-fi and turns into an audio monitor.If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.It can also let early risers know when it’s OK to get out of bed.Made by Bleep Bleeps,the $249 “smart nightlight” has an adorable little face.
·Safety for ding dongs
Doorbells used to just ring,ding and dong.But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (監(jiān)視) devices.Rings $249 Video Doorbell Pro can record HD video of your front steps,even at night.It includes motion sensors and two-way audio,so you can yell “get off my lawn” from anywhere.You can also use the app to see what’s going on in front of your house while you’re at work or in the backyard.
·The must-have kitchen gadget
The Instant Pot makes food fast in one pot.The surprise kitchen hit is a combination of pressure cooker,rice cooker,slow cooker and even yogurt maker.It has sensors and settings to make cooking as safe as possible.Starting at $80,an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾款新科技產(chǎn)品。
1.What can Suzy Snooze do for parents
A.Provide sunlight.
B.Play with babies.
C.Comfort crying babies.
D.Remind parents to wake up kids.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“If a kid cries at midnight,it’ll detect the sound and try to calm him back to sleep.”可知,Suzy Snooze可以幫助父母安撫哭鬧的孩子,故選C項。
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2.What is the advantage of the Video Doorbell Pro compared with traditional doorbells
A.It can play HD videos.
B.It can make a sound of ding-dong.
C.It can communicate with the users.
D.It can take on the work of a monitor.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But thanks to modern technology,doorbells can now double as Internet-connected-surveillance (監(jiān)視) devices.”可知,專業(yè)版視頻門鈴與傳統(tǒng)門鈴相比,視頻門鈴可以承擔(dān)監(jiān)視器的工作,故選D項。
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3.Who are most probably interested in the Instant Pot
A.Those who love fast food.
B.Those who enjoy cooking.
C.Those who are busy working.
D.Those who like going camping.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“an Instant Pot can make dishes in less time than it typically takes to cook them”可知,忙于工作的人們可能對這種鍋感興趣,故選C項。
√
B
Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery(外科手術(shù)).They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
One example is “keyhole surgery”,which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022,surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks(操縱桿) to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor(癌癥腫瘤).“My colleague said that this feels like cheating,” Ansell said to The Guardian.
Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Telesurgery,or remote surgery,is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
Normally,telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery.But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing,a distance totaling nearly 3,000 kilometers,reported CGTN.More recently,a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city,reported China Daily.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou,Guangdong province,but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou,Hainan province.
Looking to the future,people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems,combined with AI,could one day surpass(超過) human surgeons.
But,in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots,the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了醫(yī)療機器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。機器人工具在手術(shù)實踐中引起了巨大的變化。它們大大減輕了外科醫(yī)生通常承受的壓力和體力要求,并使某些手術(shù)成為可能。
4.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5G technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,第二段“keyhole surgery”是對第一段的舉例,即機器人工具帶來的進(jìn)步,故選B項。
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5.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“China achieved the first...kilometers,reported CGTN.”可知,中國在遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)方面實現(xiàn)了第一次基于5G的腦部手術(shù),在三亞的一名外科醫(yī)生和北京的一名患者之間進(jìn)行了腦部手術(shù),距離總計近3 000公里,故選C項。
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6.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But,in consideration of...a long way to go.”可知,機器人運用在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的成本很高,由此可推斷,他們的發(fā)展還有很長的路要走,還需要不斷改善,故選A項。
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7.What is the passage mainly about
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
解析　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Since 2001,robotic tools have greatly affected ...”以及通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了醫(yī)療機器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,故選C項。
√
C
Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.But they’re not talking about deliberately pushing buttons to trigger disaster.They mean accidentally killing ourselves with something that we invent for our benefit.
It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that accidental deaths are increasing in a world that our ancestors made safer for hundreds of years.Our grandparents saw the invention of the automobile,the bulldozer (推土機) and so on,and they made them all safer. However,nowadays,we put a smartphone on every hand,and now more than 1,000 distraction-related crashes happen on our roads every day.Kids and pets die of heatstroke (中暑) inside cars—we are on track to set a new record for hot car deaths.We may not have to worry about AI,but our innovations are quietly outpacing our ability.
We place blind trust in complex systems that reveal little about how they work.It seems that we have superhuman abilities,and consumers seem willing to play along.They drive at a speed of 80 mph with a phone and a cup of coffee,and they are proud of their multitasks.Sure,other people on phones are dangerous,but you can smoothly switch your attention and notice when any emergency occurs,right
When we misjudged a situation in the past,we got immediate feedback.But technology can place the consequences of our missteps at a distance.Delayed reactions,complex chain reactions—these are all part of how technology works.But having adapted to a world of new inventions,we are crazy about driverless cars,seldom stopping to consider what could go wrong later down the road.Worse still, technology is even hacking our feedback system.We get excited when we check our phone while driving.Edith Harbaugh,whose company Launch Darkly specializes in the controlled release of new technology into the wild,pointed out that we’re creating a dangerously unbalanced system of actions and rewards: “We are not given ice creams every time we do something safe.”
So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.The modern world is breaking everything we know about staying safe.If we have any hope of staying alive with the rise of the machines,we are going to need to learn to survive the things we have today.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科技巨頭們對科技可能帶來的危險的警告,指出科技正在威脅人類的安全,并分析了其中的原因。
8.Why is the warning of tech giants mentioned in Paragraph 1
A.To give a definition. B.To highlight their wisdom.
C.To offer background information. D.To introduce the topic.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech...not talking about...”和第二段中“However,nowadays,we put a...distraction-related crashes happen...”可知,第一段提到了科技巨頭們對科技可能帶來的危險的警告,這是為了引出本文要討論的話題,即科技對人類安全的威脅,故選D項。
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9.Which is NOT the reason why technology is threatening
A.We trust complex systems blindly.
B.We create too many inventions.
C.Our ability cannot keep pace with the innovations.
D.Technology can’t give us feedback immediately.
√
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“It’s a little embarrassing to have to admit that...”和“We may not...are quietly outpacing our ability.”可知,我們的創(chuàng)新能力正在超越我們的能力,這是科技威脅人類的原因之一;根據(jù)第三段中“We place blind trust in...”可知,我們對復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的盲目信任是科技威脅人類的另一個原因;根據(jù)第四段中“When we misjudged a situation...”可知,科技不能立即給我們反饋,這也是科技威脅人類的原因之一。B項“We create too many inventions.”并未在文中提及作為科技威脅人類的原因,故選B項。
10.If the passage continues,what may be talked about
A.The rise of the machines.
B.The destruction of the world.
C.The measures to deal with the problem.
D.The worries about threatening technology.
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So it is too...the things we have today.”可知,文章最后提到了我們需要學(xué)會在現(xiàn)有的條件下生存下去,這暗示著接下來可能會討論如何應(yīng)對科技帶來的威脅,即解決問題的措施,故選C項。
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11.What is the best title for the text
A.Every Coin Has Two Sides
B.Technology Is Benefiting Us
C.Technology Is Killing Us
D.How Should We Deal with Technology
解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文,特別是根據(jù)第一段“Musk,Hawking,Gates—the tech giants have redoubled their warnings about how we could destroy ourselves with technology.”和最后一段“So it is too late to worry about threatening technology,which is upon us.”可知,文章主要討論了科技對人類安全的威脅,因此最好的標(biāo)題是“Technology Is Killing Us(科技正在殺死我們)”,故選C項。
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Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
The age of space exploration started on April 12,1961,when the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.But why do we go to environments that are dangerous and even deadly to humans The answer is simple.　1　 In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.
Promote the progress of medicine
　2　 For example,analyzing the effects of zero-gravity (零重力) on blood flow led to many discoveries on how to prevent some heart illnesses.The experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases.
Develop new technologies
The space race has birthed the most technological advancements in the shortest period of time.　3　 For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives without even knowing that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.
Start space tourism
The biggest dream some of us have is being able to take a trip to outer space.However,it is still too expensive to go to space.As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.　4　
Inspire the next generation
Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.　5　 Not only is this good for them as STEM (Science,Technology,Engineering and Mathematics) jobs can secure them a comfortable future,but it also helps humans.
A.Technologies have advanced considerably.
B.It gets students interested in science and technology.
C.Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.
D.These include stepping up cooperation in space exploration.
E.The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.
F.Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.
G.Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空探索的四大好處。
1.E　[根據(jù)空格前一句“But why do we go to...deadly to humans ”可知,此處是在提出問題,而空格后一句“In this article,we’ll read the major four benefits of space exploration.”是在回答這個問題,由此可知,空格處應(yīng)該是在解釋為什么我們要去對人類來說危險甚至致命的環(huán)境,選項E“The benefits of space exploration go beyond the dangers of it.”解釋了為什么我們要去探索太空,因此承上啟下,符合語境,故選E項。]
2.F　[根據(jù)本文小標(biāo)題“Promote the progress of medicine”可知,本段是在講太空探索對醫(yī)學(xué)的影響,選項F“Studying the effects of space travel can lead to some medical benefits.”說明了太空探索能帶來一些醫(yī)療好處,和本段的語境符合,故選F項。]
3.G　[根據(jù)空格后一句“For example,the running shoes were originally developed for astronauts.We use them in our day-to-day lives...”可知,此處說明的是原本為宇航員開發(fā)的技術(shù)也應(yīng)用到了普通人的生活中,G選項“Throughout the years,companies have found consumer uses for many of these developments.”說明了一些公司為探索太空所帶來的技術(shù)找到了普通的消費者,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選G項。]
4.C　[根據(jù)空格前一句“As reusable rockets improve,the costs of these trips will become significantly lower.”可知,太空旅行的成本大大降低了,空格處應(yīng)該說明這會帶來什么好處,選項C“Hopefully one day they’ll be within the reach for all of us.”說明很有可能將來我們所有人都可以進(jìn)行太空旅行,是太空旅行成本降低帶來的好處,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選C項。]
5.B　[根據(jù)空格前一句“Space exploration stimulates the curiosity of children.”可知,此處是在講太空探索對孩子們的影響,B選項“It gets students interested in science and technology.”說明了太空探索所激發(fā)的好奇心使學(xué)生對科學(xué)技術(shù)感興趣,也是太空探索對孩子的影響,因此承接上文,符合語境,故選B項。]
Thanks！
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