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Period 3　Grammar and usage—Modal verbs
閱讀以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
1．Tom could have got to school on time yesterday morning，but he was held up on the way to school in a heavy traffic jam.
2．“Tom，you should have said sorry to me for coming late，” said Mr Smith.
3．“I must be so eager that I can’t go into the classroom.I can’t be too sorry for my coming late！” said Tom.
“Oh，no，I must have left my English textbook at home after I finished my homework last night，” said Tom.4.“Shall/May I share it with my deskmate？”
“OK！5.You may/might as well bring your own textbook next time，but for this time you can share it with your deskmate，” said Mr Smith.“Now，class,6.would you please turn to page 11？7.Shall we begin our lesson？”
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示能力、許可、必要性、可能性、責(zé)任和義務(wù)、建議、要求和打算等。例如：句1中的could 表示能力；句2中的should表示應(yīng)該；句3中的must表示必須；句4、6和7中的shall/may、would和shall表示許可；句5中的may/might表示可能性。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
一、概述
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的詞義，通常跟動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話人的看法或主觀設(shè)想。常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有can，could，may，might，must，ought to，shall，should，will和would。另外，dare，need，have to和used to也具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的某些特性。
二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法
1．can與could的用法
(1)表示能力，此時(shí)could 是can 的過(guò)去式，意思相當(dāng)于be able to。
My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year.
我奶奶會(huì)網(wǎng)購(gòu)了，但是去年她還不會(huì)。
[疑難點(diǎn)津]
在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中，was/were able to 通常表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力能夠并已經(jīng)做……，could 僅表示能力。
I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.
當(dāng)船下沉?xí)r，我已經(jīng)游到岸邊了。
I could lift the heavy box.
我能把那個(gè)沉重的盒子舉起來(lái)。
(2)表示可能性，一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，can’t/couldn’t 意為“不可能”。
Can this news be true？這則消息可能是真的嗎？
Your description can’t/couldn’t be true.
你的描述不可能是真的。
(3)表示請(qǐng)求和許可，could表示更委婉的語(yǔ)氣。
—Can/Could I go now
—Yes，you can.
——我現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎？
——是的，可以。
(4)表示理論上或習(xí)慣上的可能性，意為“有時(shí)會(huì)”。
As we all know，anyone can make mistakes.
我們都知道，任何人都可能會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。
[疑難點(diǎn)津] 　習(xí)慣用法“cannot...too...”表示“無(wú)論怎么……都不過(guò)分”，有時(shí)cannot可用can never替代。
One cannot be too careful in choosing friends.擇友越謹(jǐn)慎越好。
2．may與might的用法
(1)表示允許、許可。might在語(yǔ)氣上比may更委婉。
May/Might I play computer games after supper？晚飯后我可以玩電腦游戲嗎？
(2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。
I think the author may come tomorrow.
我認(rèn)為明天這位作家可能會(huì)來(lái)。
3．must與need的用法
(1)表示必要性。must意為“必須”，其否定式為mustn’t(不準(zhǔn)，禁止)。need 意為“需要”，其否定式為needn’t(不必)。
You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.
你不準(zhǔn)那么做，因?yàn)槟惚仨毜米袷刂Z言。
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to.
如果你不想做，你就不必做。
(2)must表示可能性，只能用在肯定句中，意為“一定，準(zhǔn)是”。
Your mother must be on duty now.你媽媽現(xiàn)在一定在值班。
(3)must帶有感彩，意為“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。
Must you make so much noise when I have a rest
你非得在我休息時(shí)弄出這么大的聲音嗎？
4．will與would的用法
(1)表示意志、意愿和決心。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過(guò)去。
I will never do that again.我再也不那樣做了。
They said that they would fight against the smog.他們說(shuō)他們會(huì)與霧霾作斗爭(zhēng)的。
(2)表示請(qǐng)求。would表示更委婉的語(yǔ)氣。
Will/Would you please take a message for me
你能幫我捎個(gè)口信嗎？
(3)表示規(guī)律性的“注定會(huì)”或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，意為“總是；習(xí)慣于”。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過(guò)去。
Fish will die without water.沒(méi)有水，魚兒就會(huì)死。
We would sit around Grandpa after supper，listening to his stories.過(guò)去，晚飯后我們總會(huì)坐在爺爺周圍，聽(tīng)他講故事。
[疑難點(diǎn)津]
used to也表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，多用于非正式場(chǎng)合，往往指后來(lái)停止了的動(dòng)作。否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to。
He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening.
他過(guò)去常在晚間到森林附近散步。(現(xiàn)在已不在那里散步了)
5．shall的用法
(1)shall 用于第一、三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求。
What shall I/we do next？我/我們下一步該做什么？
When shall my brother be able to leave hospital？我哥哥什么時(shí)候可以出院？
(2)shall 用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。
You shall go with me.你跟我走。
You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你在生日時(shí)會(huì)得到一件新連衣裙。
He shall suffer for this.他會(huì)為此事吃苦頭的。
(3)用于第三人稱的陳述句中，表示正式文件、法律、規(guī)章制度等中的義務(wù)或規(guī)定。
Students shall not use calculators during exams.學(xué)生在考試中不得使用計(jì)算器。
No readers shall remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian.
未經(jīng)圖書管理員的同意，讀者不得把書帶出圖書館。
6．should與ought to的用法
(1)should表示義務(wù)或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”，其同義詞是ought to。
You should/ought to go to class right away.
你應(yīng)該立刻去上課。
(2)should與ought to也可以表示主觀判斷，意為“可能會(huì)，應(yīng)該會(huì)”。
It’s nine o’clock now.My mother should come back.現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)鐘了，我媽媽應(yīng)該回來(lái)了。
(3)should可以表示驚訝、難以置信或不應(yīng)該發(fā)生某事，意為“竟然”。
It’s unbelievable that you should break the record.
你竟然打破了紀(jì)錄，真令人難以置信。
7．dare與need的用法
dare和need既可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
(1)dare和need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句中。
I dare not walk through the wood at night.
夜間我不敢在樹(shù)林里走。
You needn’t worry about it.你不必?fù)?dān)心它。
(2)dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中不定式符號(hào)to可以省略。need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。
The children don’t dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping.
孩子們?cè)诟改杆X(jué)時(shí)不敢弄出一點(diǎn)聲音。
The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。
三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接的動(dòng)詞可以有一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式、完成進(jìn)行式四種形式。其一般式為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形”，表示情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義。
1．后接動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。
He must be doing his homework now.
他現(xiàn)在肯定在做他的家庭作業(yè)。
2．后接動(dòng)詞的完成式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)或與事實(shí)相反的虛擬。
You couldn’t have seen Mary yesterday because she was in Paris.
你昨天不可能見(jiàn)到瑪麗，因?yàn)樗诎屠琛?br/>You failed again.You should have done it much better.你又失敗了。你本該做得更好的。
3．后接動(dòng)詞的完成進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)持續(xù)動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。
They are too tired now.They must have been working all day.
他們現(xiàn)在太累了。他們肯定一整天都在工作。
四、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)
1．must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或行為的肯定推測(cè)，把握性大，意為“一定做過(guò)某事”，只用于肯定句中。
Since she had not answered his letter，she must have left there.
既然她沒(méi)有給他回信，她一定已經(jīng)離開(kāi)那里了。
2．may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的推測(cè)，把握性小，意為“也許已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。
John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.
約翰不在家，我想他可能去上學(xué)了吧。
3．can’t/couldn’t have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或行為的否定推測(cè)，意為“不可能做過(guò)某事”，可通用。can’t語(yǔ)氣更加強(qiáng)烈一些。
She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你敲門。
五、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣
1．could have done表示本來(lái)有能力做卻沒(méi)有做。
Mom complained that you could have done better in the examination.
媽媽抱怨說(shuō)你本可以考得更好。
2．ought to/should have done表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上沒(méi)做，其否定式表示過(guò)去不該做某事但做了。
You ought not to have made fun of him，and you should have learned from him.
你本不應(yīng)該取笑他的，你本應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。
3．needn’t have done表示本不必做卻已經(jīng)做了。
We needn’t have worried about the maths exam.It was a piece of cake actually.
我們本不必?fù)?dān)心數(shù)學(xué)考試，實(shí)際上它很容易。
4．would have done表示本要做卻沒(méi)有做。
If the alarm clock had worked，I would have awakened on time，but I overslept.如果鬧鐘響了，我本來(lái)會(huì)按時(shí)醒來(lái)的，但我睡過(guò)頭了。
Ⅰ.從括號(hào)中選出適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空
When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol，I thought，“I 1.can’t(can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It 2.must(has to/must) be very boring！” Surprisingly，it turned out the exact opposite.I 3.could(could/might) not stop turning the pages!
The book’s main character is Scrooge，a rich but mean old man.He hates all kinds of celebrations.On Christmas Eve，he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits.In the end，he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes.Then he decides that he 4.must(might/must) change himself.On Christmas morning，he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner.He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them.
There is something that 5.can(can/must) be learned from A Christmas Carol：we 6.should(should/may) treat others with kindness，generosity and love.I think everyone 7.ought to(would/ought to) read this book.
Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子
1．I am feeling sick and I shouldn’t have eaten(本不應(yīng)該吃) so much chocolate.
2．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese well(能把漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好)．
3．We were badly in need of help then，but we dared not to turn to him for help(不敢向他求助)．
4．You can’t be too careful(再怎么小心都不為過(guò)) when crossing the street.
5．My father suggested that I (should) set a clear goal(我樹(shù)立一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)) and struggle for it.
作業(yè)3　Grammar and usage
[分值：71.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(共6小題；每小題1.5分，滿分9分)
1．Why must you interrupt me while I am watching TV
2．—Is Jack still doing his homework
—Yes，I asked him to stop and have a rest，but he would not listen.
3．You should have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time.
4．One of our rules is that all students shall wear school uniforms while at school.
5．The weather in my hometown is fairly cold in winter，but it can be warm sometimes.
6．Now that my sister won’t be with us for dinner，we need not have bought so much food.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分)
1．你能幫我去機(jī)場(chǎng)接他并開(kāi)車送他去酒店嗎？
Can you help me pick him up at the airport and drive him to the hotel
2．我想，你作為一個(gè)外國(guó)人，肯定一直對(duì)唐詩(shī)很好奇。
I suppose you，as a foreigner，must have been curious about Tang poems.
3．如果沒(méi)有媽媽的鼓勵(lì)，在比賽中我不可能成為一個(gè)成功的講解員。
Without Mom’s encouragement，I couldn’t have become a successful narrator in the competition.
4．看著爸爸做好的完美早餐，他們突然意識(shí)到本該先跟他請(qǐng)教怎么做早餐的！
Looking at the perfect breakfast cooked by their father，they suddenly realized that they should have asked him how to make breakfast first!
5．按照我們中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，你應(yīng)該稍微早點(diǎn)到以便你能幫助主人準(zhǔn)備飯菜，這不僅有意義而且有趣。
According to Chinese traditional customs，you should arrive a little earlier so that you can help the host prepare the dishes，which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
Ⅲ.主題語(yǔ)篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·江蘇南通高一上期末)
Masaki Takahashi started writing poetry when he was 15 years old.“I was writing these raps and then it gradually grew into spoken words when I got a little bit older，” he said.
Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠詩(shī)人)．
“It is a pretty big deal，” Robin Theatre owner Dylan Rogers said.“The Poet Laureate doesn’t just represent Lansing；it represents the tri-county(三縣) area.So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有機(jī)會(huì)獲得) funds to do that work.”
The two-year title and $2,000 salary come from the Lansing Economic Area Partnership，and Lansing Poetry Club.“Takahashi’s got some great ideas about how to spend the next two years in this role，” Rogers added.
Takahashi，who has lived in Lansing for almost 20 years，said that a Poet Laureate is，“in a sense，an ambassador of poetry in the city.” “There are a lot of things that we can do.I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”
Now he is inspiring people like his friend Rose Jangmi Cooper，who he met on the MSU Slam Poetry Team.“I’m just as happy as I could ever have been to see him go from where he started in Lansing as，‘just another poet on the scene，’to being really，a community organizer，” Cooper said.“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”
Takahashi said the next The Poetry Room event is scheduled for May 13 at the Robin Theatre.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。本文敘述了Masaki Takahashi如何從一名年輕的詩(shī)人發(fā)展成為L(zhǎng)ansing地區(qū)的桂冠詩(shī)人，以及他在推動(dòng)詩(shī)歌藝術(shù)方面所做的貢獻(xiàn)。
1．What is the current situation of Takahashi
A．He is running a theater.
B．He is taking up pop music.
C．He is recognized for his poems.
D．He is a popular writer in the US.
答案　C
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠詩(shī)人)．”可知，Takahashi因?yàn)樵?shī)歌獲得了認(rèn)可。故選C。
2．What do the underlined words “do that work” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Reach a large audience.
B．Raise money for the needy.
C．Set up a club for college students.
D．Make trade deals in the Lansing area.
答案　A
解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有機(jī)會(huì)獲得) funds to do that work.”可知，他們還可以獲得資金來(lái)面向廣大觀眾開(kāi)展工作。“do that work”指的是面向廣大觀眾開(kāi)展工作。故選A。
3．What does Takahashi like doing
A．Create poems with other Poet Laureates.
B．Share his knowledge of poetry with students.
C．Read poems on social media with his friend.
D．Hunt for talents in poetry for his poetry room.
答案　B
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”可知，Takahashi喜歡與學(xué)生分享他的詩(shī)歌知識(shí)。故選B。
4．What does Cooper think of Takahashi
A．He has great luck.
B．He keeps his word.
C．He brings joy to people.
D．He is worthy of the title.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段中的“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”可推知，Cooper對(duì)Takahashi的評(píng)價(jià)是他值得擁有這個(gè)稱號(hào)。故選D。
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·湖北武漢高一上期末)
If all the world’s a stage and all the men and women merely players，where does that leave non-human figures，like artificial intelligence chatbots As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry.AI chatbots can imitate famous poets like William Shakespeare well enough to fool many human readers，according to a new paper published Thursday in the journal Scientific Reports.In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.
In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韻律) to originality.The participants were given a mix of poems written by humans and by AI，and the scientists didn’t share anything about the poems’ authorship.The team uncovered a surprise：The participants who didn’t know anything about the poems’ origins gave higher ratings，on average，to those written by the chatbot.
Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry It’s not entirely clear，but part of guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.Understanding poems written by humans requires deep，critical thinking—and that’s a big part of poetry’s appeal.But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labor，preferring texts that give them “instant answers”．
The study’s findings seem to confirm(證實(shí)) some fears about AI，which is that they’ll one day replace human artists and put them out of work.But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.“Poetry will always be necessary，” Lasky tells the Washington Post.“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一篇發(fā)表于《科學(xué)報(bào)告》的新論文表明，在詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域，人工智能 AI 可與人類抗衡。AI 聊天機(jī)器人能模仿如莎士比亞等著名詩(shī)人的詩(shī)作，足以迷惑眾多讀者，不少研究參與者甚至更青睞聊天機(jī)器人創(chuàng)作的詩(shī)歌。
5．What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A．AI is a player on the world stage.
B．AI performs well in poetry writing.
C．AI is so playful that it fools the readers.
D．AI works well together with all humans.
答案　B
解析　段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry...In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.”可知，第一段主要講的是AI在寫詩(shī)方面表現(xiàn)很好。故選B項(xiàng)。
6．What were participants asked to do with the given poems in the experiment
A．Identify their authors.
B．Discuss their meanings.
C．Grade them from different aspects.
D．Compare them with their own poems.
答案　C
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韻律) to originality.”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者被要求對(duì)給定的詩(shī)歌從不同方面打分。故選C項(xiàng)。
7．What is a feature of AI-generated poems according to paragraph 3
A．They promote critical thinking.
B．They widen readers’ views.
C．They require immediate feedback.
D．They are easy to understand.
答案　D
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry？...but part of the guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.”可知，人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn)之一是容易理解。故選D項(xiàng)。
8．What’s Lasky’s attitude towards AI-generated poems
A．Welcoming. B．Doubtful.
C．Passionate. D．Indifferent.
答案　A
解析　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中“But Dorothea Lasky，...，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems...‘If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.’”可推知，拉斯基對(duì)人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌持歡迎的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。
[詞匯積累]
1．hold one’s own堅(jiān)守住；不被打敗
2．when it comes to當(dāng)談到；涉及
3．rate n．→v.劃分等級(jí)；評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估
4．originality n．獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；創(chuàng)造力
5．uncover v．揭露；發(fā)現(xiàn)
6．on average 平均
7．straightforward adj.簡(jiǎn)單的；易懂的
8．comprehend v．理解；懂
[句式分析]
But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.
分析：此句為復(fù)合句。主語(yǔ)為Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet為同位語(yǔ)，whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞says后面是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中it為形式主語(yǔ)，that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems是真正的主語(yǔ)。
翻譯：但唯一一位作品被納入實(shí)驗(yàn)的在世詩(shī)人多蘿西婭·拉斯基表示，讀者喜歡人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌并不一定是件壞事。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·湖南長(zhǎng)沙高一下期中)
Writing poetry can seem frightening，especially if you don’t feel you’re naturally creative.But with the right inspiration and approach，you can also write a poem you can be proud to share with others.
◆Pick a specific theme or idea.The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about.You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 1
◆Choose a poetic form.Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem.There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韻的對(duì)句)． 2 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.
◆Use concrete imagery. 3 You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.Using concrete imagery will immerse(沉浸) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.
◆ 4 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry.Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers.Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you don’t use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
◆Read the poem out loud.Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself. 5 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.
A．Use literary devices.
B．Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C．This can give your creation a clear goal.
D．If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E．You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F．Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G．You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了寫詩(shī)的幾個(gè)方法。
1．答案　C
解析　上文“You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating.”提到以選定一個(gè)主題或者想法開(kāi)始，C選項(xiàng)“這可以給你的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)”說(shuō)明了上文做法的好處，故選C。
2．答案　E
解析　上文“There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韻的對(duì)句)．”提到幾種詩(shī)歌形式，根據(jù)后文“Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.”可知，空處是在對(duì)詩(shī)歌形式的選擇進(jìn)行建議，E選項(xiàng)“你可以選擇一種你覺(jué)得容易使用的詩(shī)歌形式”承上啟下，該項(xiàng)中“a poetic form”對(duì)應(yīng)后文中“one poetic form”。故選E。
3．答案　F
解析　根據(jù)本段主題句“Use concrete imagery.”以及空后“You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.”可知，本段是建議使用具體的形象，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“避免抽象的意象，在你的詩(shī)中使用具體的描述”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。
4．答案　A
解析　根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry...Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.”可知，本段建議使用文學(xué)手法，A項(xiàng)“使用文學(xué)手法”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。
5．答案　B
解析　上文“Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself.”提到大聲朗讀給自己聽(tīng)，結(jié)合后文“Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.”可知，B選項(xiàng)“注意這些單詞聽(tīng)起來(lái)是怎樣的”符合語(yǔ)境，和下文并列，都是描述如何聽(tīng)，故選B。
Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·江蘇常州高一上期末)
Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical.It 1. (practise) in China for thousands of years.Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture，it is also regarded 2._______a part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)．
It’s said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官)．A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance.A peaceful state of mind has to 3. (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health.
Qigong is 4. art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses，making life more pleasant.As is widely recognized，Qigong 5. (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions.Good for 6. (treat) mental disabilities and stress，the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 7. _______ pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased.In this state,8. (concentrate) can also be achieved easily.9. Qigong may not be magical in treating acute(急性的) illnesses or medical emergencies，it’s ideal for preventing some diseases and treating certain chronic(慢性的) conditions or disabilities.
Increasingly，Qigong is being recommended to more and more people now，including foreigners.It will 10. (certain) do more contributions to the world.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了氣功的歷史以及對(duì)身心的好處。
1．答案　has been practised
解析　考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)It與謂語(yǔ)practise構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文for thousands of years可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has been practised。
2．答案　as
解析　考查介詞。短語(yǔ)be regarded as表示“被視為”。故填as。
3．答案　be sought
解析　考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)A peaceful state of mind與seek之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且 has to 后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填be sought。
4．答案　an
解析　考查冠詞。art 在這里表泛指，表示“一門藝術(shù)”，是可數(shù)名詞，且讀音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。
5．答案　smooths
解析　考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)and連接并列成分，由improves可知，此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填smooths。
6．答案　treating
解析　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。for為介詞，其后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，故填treating。
7．答案　where
解析　考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是“a state of relaxation”，在定語(yǔ)從句中作抽象地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填where。
8．答案　concentration
解析　考查名詞。此處作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式，concentrate的名詞形式是concentration，意為“專注；專心”，故填concentration。
9．答案　While/Although/Though
解析　考查狀語(yǔ)從句。空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然”用while、though或although，句首首字母大寫。故填While/Although/Though。
10．答案　certainly
解析　考查副詞。空處修飾動(dòng)詞do，需用副詞形式，作狀語(yǔ)，故填certainly。(共72張PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Modal verbs
Unit 4
Exploring literature
內(nèi)容索引
情境導(dǎo)讀
語(yǔ)法精講
作業(yè)3
達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)
情境導(dǎo)讀
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
1.Tom could have got to school on time yesterday morning，but he was held up on the way to school in a heavy traffic jam.
2.“Tom，you should have said sorry to me for coming late，” said Mr Smith.
3.“I must be so eager that I can’t go into the classroom.I can’t be too sorry for my coming late！” said Tom.
“Oh，no，I must have left my English textbook at home after I finished my homework last night，” said Tom.4.“Shall/May I share it with my deskmate？”
“OK！5.You may/might as well bring your own textbook next time，but for this time you can share it with your deskmate，” said Mr Smith.“Now，class,6.would you please turn to page 11？7.Shall we begin our lesson？”
返 回
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示能力、許可、必要性、可能性、責(zé)任和義務(wù)、建議、要求和打算等。例如：句1中的could 表示 ；句2中的should表示_____；句3中的must表示 ；句4、6和7中的shall/may、would和shall表示 ；句5中的may/might表示 。
能力
應(yīng)該
必須
許可
可能性
語(yǔ)法精講
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
一、概述
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的詞義，通常跟動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話人的看法或主觀設(shè)想。常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有can，could，may，might，must，ought to，shall，should，will和would。另外，dare，need，have to和used to也具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的某些特性。
二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法
1.can與could的用法
(1)表示能力，此時(shí)could 是can 的過(guò)去式，意思相當(dāng)于be able to。
My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year.
我奶奶會(huì)網(wǎng)購(gòu)了，但是去年她還不會(huì)。
[疑難點(diǎn)津]
在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中，was/were able to 通常表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力能夠并已經(jīng)做……，could 僅表示能力。
I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank.
當(dāng)船下沉?xí)r，我已經(jīng)游到岸邊了。
I could lift the heavy box.
我能把那個(gè)沉重的盒子舉起來(lái)。
(2)表示可能性，一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，can’t/couldn’t 意為“不可能”。
Can this news be true？這則消息可能是真的嗎？
Your description can’t/couldn’t be true.
你的描述不可能是真的。
(3)表示請(qǐng)求和許可，could表示更委婉的語(yǔ)氣。
—Can/Could I go now
—Yes，you can.
——我現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎？
——是的，可以。
(4)表示理論上或習(xí)慣上的可能性，意為“有時(shí)會(huì)”。
As we all know，anyone can make mistakes.
我們都知道，任何人都可能會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。
[疑難點(diǎn)津]　習(xí)慣用法“cannot...too...”表示“無(wú)論怎么……都不過(guò)分”，有時(shí)cannot可用can never替代。
One cannot be too careful in choosing friends.擇友越謹(jǐn)慎越好。
2.may與might的用法
(1)表示允許、許可。might在語(yǔ)氣上比may更委婉。
May/Might I play computer games after supper？晚飯后我可以玩電腦游戲嗎？
(2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。
I think the author may come tomorrow.
我認(rèn)為明天這位作家可能會(huì)來(lái)。
3.must與need的用法
(1)表示必要性。must意為“必須”，其否定式為mustn’t(不準(zhǔn)，禁止)。need 意為“需要”，其否定式為needn’t(不必)。
You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.
你不準(zhǔn)那么做，因?yàn)槟惚仨毜米袷刂Z言。
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to.
如果你不想做，你就不必做。
(2)must表示可能性，只能用在肯定句中，意為“一定，準(zhǔn)是”。
Your mother must be on duty now.你媽媽現(xiàn)在一定在值班。
(3)must帶有感彩，意為“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。
Must you make so much noise when I have a rest
你非得在我休息時(shí)弄出這么大的聲音嗎？
4.will與would的用法
(1)表示意志、意愿和決心。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過(guò)去。
I will never do that again.我再也不那樣做了。
They said that they would fight against the smog.他們說(shuō)他們會(huì)與霧霾作斗爭(zhēng)的。
(2)表示請(qǐng)求。would表示更委婉的語(yǔ)氣。
Will/Would you please take a message for me
你能幫我捎個(gè)口信嗎？
(3)表示規(guī)律性的“注定會(huì)”或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，意為“總是；習(xí)慣于”。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過(guò)去。
Fish will die without water.沒(méi)有水，魚兒就會(huì)死。
We would sit around Grandpa after supper，listening to his stories.過(guò)去，晚飯后我們總會(huì)坐在爺爺周圍，聽(tīng)他講故事。
[疑難點(diǎn)津]
used to也表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，多用于非正式場(chǎng)合，往往指后來(lái)停止了的動(dòng)作。否定形式是didn’t use to或used not to。
He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening.
他過(guò)去常在晚間到森林附近散步。(現(xiàn)在已不在那里散步了)
5.shall的用法
(1)shall 用于第一、三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求。
What shall I/we do next？我/我們下一步該做什么？
When shall my brother be able to leave hospital？我哥哥什么時(shí)候可以出院？
(2)shall 用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。
You shall go with me.你跟我走。
You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你在生日時(shí)會(huì)得到一件新連衣裙。
He shall suffer for this.他會(huì)為此事吃苦頭的。
(3)用于第三人稱的陳述句中，表示正式文件、法律、規(guī)章制度等中的義務(wù)或規(guī)定。
Students shall not use calculators during exams.學(xué)生在考試中不得使用計(jì)算器。
No readers shall remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian.
未經(jīng)圖書管理員的同意，讀者不得把書帶出圖書館。
6.should與ought to的用法
(1)should表示義務(wù)或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”，其同義詞是ought to。
You should/ought to go to class right away.
你應(yīng)該立刻去上課。
(2)should與ought to也可以表示主觀判斷，意為“可能會(huì)，應(yīng)該會(huì)”。
It’s nine o’clock now.My mother should come back.現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)鐘了，我媽媽應(yīng)該回來(lái)了。
(3)should可以表示驚訝、難以置信或不應(yīng)該發(fā)生某事，意為“竟然”。
It’s unbelievable that you should break the record.
你竟然打破了紀(jì)錄，真令人難以置信。
7.dare與need的用法
dare和need既可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
(1)dare和need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句中。
I dare not walk through the wood at night.
夜間我不敢在樹(shù)林里走。
You needn’t worry about it.你不必?fù)?dān)心它。
(2)dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中不定式符號(hào)to可以省略。need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。
The children don’t dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping.
孩子們?cè)诟改杆X(jué)時(shí)不敢弄出一點(diǎn)聲音。
The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。
三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接的動(dòng)詞可以有一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式、完成進(jìn)行式四種形式。其一般式為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形”，表示情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義。
1.后接動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。
He must be doing his homework now.
他現(xiàn)在肯定在做他的家庭作業(yè)。
2.后接動(dòng)詞的完成式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)或與事實(shí)相反的虛擬。
You couldn’t have seen Mary yesterday because she was in Paris.
你昨天不可能見(jiàn)到瑪麗，因?yàn)樗诎屠琛?br/>You failed again.You should have done it much better.你又失敗了。你本該做得更好的。
3.后接動(dòng)詞的完成進(jìn)行式，表示對(duì)持續(xù)動(dòng)作的推測(cè)。
They are too tired now.They must have been working all day.
他們現(xiàn)在太累了。他們肯定一整天都在工作。
四、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)
1.must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或行為的肯定推測(cè)，把握性大，意為“一定做過(guò)某事”，只用于肯定句中。
Since she had not answered his letter，she must have left there.
既然她沒(méi)有給他回信，她一定已經(jīng)離開(kāi)那里了。
2.may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的推測(cè)，把握性小，意為“也許已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。
John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.
約翰不在家，我想他可能去上學(xué)了吧。
3.can’t/couldn’t have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或行為的否定推測(cè)，意為“不可能做過(guò)某事”，可通用。can’t語(yǔ)氣更加強(qiáng)烈一些。
She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你敲門。
五、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣
1.could have done表示本來(lái)有能力做卻沒(méi)有做。
Mom complained that you could have done better in the examination.
媽媽抱怨說(shuō)你本可以考得更好。
2.ought to/should have done表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上沒(méi)做，其否定式表示過(guò)去不該做某事但做了。
You ought not to have made fun of him，and you should have learned from him.
你本不應(yīng)該取笑他的，你本應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。
3.needn’t have done表示本不必做卻已經(jīng)做了。
We needn’t have worried about the maths exam.It was a piece of cake actually.
我們本不必?fù)?dān)心數(shù)學(xué)考試，實(shí)際上它很容易。
4.would have done表示本要做卻沒(méi)有做。
If the alarm clock had worked，I would have awakened on time，but I overslept.如果鬧鐘響了，我本來(lái)會(huì)按時(shí)醒來(lái)的，但我睡過(guò)頭了。
返 回
達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)
When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol，I thought，“I 1. (can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It 2._______(has to/must) be very boring！” Surprisingly，it turned out the exact opposite.I 3. (could/might) not stop turning the pages!
Ⅰ.從括號(hào)中選出適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空
can’t
must
could
The book’s main character is Scrooge，a rich but mean old man.He hates all kinds of celebrations.On Christmas Eve，he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits.In the end，he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes.Then he decides that he 4._______ (might/must) change himself.On Christmas morning，he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner.He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them.
There is something that 5. (can/must) be learned from A Christmas Carol：we 6. (should/may) treat others with kindness，generosity and love.I think everyone 7. (would/ought to) read this book.
must
can
should
ought to
1.I am feeling sick and I (本不應(yīng)該吃) so much chocolate.
2.Two years later，he (能把漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好).
3.We were badly in need of help then，but we _______________________
_________(不敢向他求助).
4.You (再怎么小心都不為過(guò)) when crossing the street.
5.My father suggested that (我樹(shù)立一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)) and struggle for it.
Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子
shouldn’t have eaten
was able to speak Chinese well
dared not to turn to him
for help
can’t be too careful
I (should) set a clear goal
返 回
作業(yè)3
1.Why you interrupt me while I am watching TV
2.—Is Jack still doing his homework
—Yes，I asked him to stop and have a rest，but he not listen.
3.You have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time.
4.One of our rules is that all students wear school uniforms while at school.
5.The weather in my hometown is fairly cold in winter，but it be warm sometimes.
6.Now that my sister won’t be with us for dinner，we not have bought so much food.
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
must
would
should
shall
can
need
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你能幫我去機(jī)場(chǎng)接他并開(kāi)車送他去酒店嗎？
at the airport and drive him to the hotel
2.我想，你作為一個(gè)外國(guó)人，肯定一直對(duì)唐詩(shī)很好奇。
I suppose you，as a foreigner，___________________________________
________.
3.如果沒(méi)有媽媽的鼓勵(lì)，在比賽中我不可能成為一個(gè)成功的講解員。
Without Mom’s encouragement， a successful narrator in the competition.
Can you help me pick him up
must have been curious about Tang
poems
I couldn’t have become
4.看著爸爸做好的完美早餐，他們突然意識(shí)到本該先跟他請(qǐng)教怎么做早餐的！
Looking at the perfect breakfast cooked by their father，they suddenly realized that how to make breakfast first!
5.按照我們中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，你應(yīng)該稍微早點(diǎn)到以便你能幫助主人準(zhǔn)備飯菜，這不僅有意義而且有趣。
According to Chinese traditional customs，you ______________________
________ so that ，which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
they should have asked him
should arrive a little
earlier
you can help the host prepare the dishes
A
(2025·江蘇南通高一上期末)
Masaki Takahashi started writing poetry when he was 15 years old.“I was writing these raps and then it gradually grew into spoken words when I got a little bit older，” he said.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。本文敘述了Masaki Takahashi如何從一名年輕的詩(shī)人發(fā)展成為L(zhǎng)ansing地區(qū)的桂冠詩(shī)人，以及他在推動(dòng)詩(shī)歌藝術(shù)方面所做的貢獻(xiàn)。
Ⅲ.主題語(yǔ)篇閱讀
Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠詩(shī)人).
“It is a pretty big deal，” Robin Theatre owner Dylan Rogers said.“The Poet Laureate doesn’t just represent Lansing；it represents the tri-county(三縣) area.So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有機(jī)會(huì)獲得) funds to do that work.”
The two-year title and $2,000 salary come from the Lansing Economic Area Partnership，and Lansing Poetry Club.“Takahashi’s got some great ideas about how to spend the next two years in this role，” Rogers added.
Takahashi，who has lived in Lansing for almost 20 years，said that a Poet Laureate is，“in a sense，an ambassador of poetry in the city.” “There are a lot of things that we can do.I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”
Now he is inspiring people like his friend Rose Jangmi Cooper，who he met on the MSU Slam Poetry Team.“I’m just as happy as I could ever have been to see him go from where he started in Lansing as，‘just another poet on the scene，’to being really，a community organizer，” Cooper said.“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”
Takahashi said the next The Poetry Room event is scheduled for May 13 at the Robin Theatre.
1.What is the current situation of Takahashi
A.He is running a theater.
B.He is taking up pop music.
C.He is recognized for his poems.
D.He is a popular writer in the US.
√
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now 35，not only does he run the popular The Poetry Room at the Robin Theatre in REO Town，but he was also just named the next Lansing area’s Poet Laureate(桂冠詩(shī)人).”可知，Takahashi因?yàn)樵?shī)歌獲得了認(rèn)可。故選C。
解析
2.What do the underlined words “do that work” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Reach a large audience.
B.Raise money for the needy.
C.Set up a club for college students.
D.Make trade deals in the Lansing area.
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“So they are going out and networking with a really broad audience of different people.They also have access to(有機(jī)會(huì)獲得) funds to do that work.”可知，他們還可以獲得資金來(lái)面向廣大觀眾開(kāi)展工作。“do that work”指的是面向廣大觀眾開(kāi)展工作。故選A。
解析
√
3.What does Takahashi like doing
A.Create poems with other Poet Laureates.
B.Share his knowledge of poetry with students.
C.Read poems on social media with his friend.
D.Hunt for talents in poetry for his poetry room.
√
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“I love sharing and discussing with students—high school students，in particular，and college students—because often，they’re starting off and they all have a spark of creativity that inspires me and reminds me of why I started.”可知，Takahashi喜歡與學(xué)生分享他的詩(shī)歌知識(shí)。故選B。
解析
4.What does Cooper think of Takahashi
A.He has great luck.
B.He keeps his word.
C.He brings joy to people.
D.He is worthy of the title.
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段中的“He worked and worked and worked and earned this，and I just love him for it.”可推知，Cooper對(duì)Takahashi的評(píng)價(jià)是他值得擁有這個(gè)稱號(hào)。故選D。
解析
√
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·湖北武漢高一上期末)
If all the world’s a stage and all the men and women merely players，where does that leave non-human figures，like artificial intelligence chatbots
語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一篇發(fā)表于《科學(xué)報(bào)告》的新論文表明，在詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域，人工智能(AI)可與人類抗衡。AI 聊天機(jī)器人能模仿如莎士比亞等著名詩(shī)人的詩(shī)作，足以迷惑眾多讀者，不少研究參與者甚至更青睞聊天機(jī)器人創(chuàng)作的詩(shī)歌。
As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry.AI chatbots can imitate famous poets like William Shakespeare well enough to fool many human readers，according to a new paper published Thursday in the journal Scientific Reports.In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.
In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韻律) to originality.The participants were given a mix of poems written by humans and by AI，and the scientists didn’t share anything about the poems’ authorship.The team uncovered a surprise：The participants who didn’t know anything about the poems’ origins gave higher ratings，on average，to those written by the chatbot.
Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry It’s not entirely clear，but part of guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.Understanding poems written by humans requires deep，critical thinking—and that’s a big part of poetry’s appeal.But modern readers don’t seem to want to do this labor，preferring texts that give them “instant answers”.
The study’s findings seem to confirm(證實(shí)) some fears about AI，which is that they’ll one day replace human artists and put them out of work.But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.“Poetry will always be necessary，” Lasky tells the Washington Post.“If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.”
5.What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A.AI is a player on the world stage.
B.AI performs well in poetry writing.
C.AI is so playful that it fools the readers.
D.AI works well together with all humans.
√
段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“As it turns out，AI can hold its own against humans when it comes to writing poetry...In addition，many study participants actually preferred the chatbot’s poetry over the works of well-known writers.”可知，第一段主要講的是AI在寫詩(shī)方面表現(xiàn)很好。故選B項(xiàng)。
解析
6.What were participants asked to do with the given poems in the experiment
A.Identify their authors.
B.Discuss their meanings.
C.Grade them from different aspects.
D.Compare them with their own poems.
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In an experiment，researchers asked a group of participants to read and rate poems on 14 qualities，ranging from rhythm(韻律) to originality.”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者被要求對(duì)給定的詩(shī)歌從不同方面打分。故選C項(xiàng)。
解析
√
7.What is a feature of AI-generated poems according to paragraph 3
A.They promote critical thinking.
B.They widen readers’ views.
C.They require immediate feedback.
D.They are easy to understand.
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Why do readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry？...but part of the guess is that they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend.”可知，人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn)之一是容易理解。故選D項(xiàng)。
解析
√
8.What’s Lasky’s attitude towards AI-generated poems
A.Welcoming. B.Doubtful.
C.Passionate. D.Indifferent.
觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中“But Dorothea Lasky，...，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems...‘If these people in the study read AI poems and liked that poem better than a human-generated poem，then that，to me，is beautiful.They had a good experience with a poem，and I don’t care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets—even robot poets.’”可推知，拉斯基對(duì)人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌持歡迎的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。
解析
√
1.hold one’s own堅(jiān)守住；不被打敗
2.when it comes to當(dāng)談到；涉及
3.rate n.→v.劃分等級(jí)；評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估
4.originality n.獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；創(chuàng)造力
5.uncover v.揭露；發(fā)現(xiàn)
6.on average 平均
7.straightforward adj.簡(jiǎn)單的；易懂的
8.comprehend v.理解；懂
詞匯積累
But Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments，says it’s not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems.
分析：此句為復(fù)合句。主語(yǔ)為Dorothea Lasky，the only living poet為同位語(yǔ)，whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞says后面是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中it為形式主語(yǔ)，that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems是真正的主語(yǔ)。
翻譯：但唯一一位作品被納入實(shí)驗(yàn)的在世詩(shī)人多蘿西婭·拉斯基表示，讀者喜歡人工智能生成的詩(shī)歌并不一定是件壞事。
句式分析
(2024·湖南長(zhǎng)沙高一下期中)
Writing poetry can seem frightening，especially if you don’t feel you’re naturally creative.But with the right inspiration and approach，you can also write a poem you can be proud to share with others.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了寫詩(shī)的幾個(gè)方法。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
◆Pick a specific theme or idea.The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about.You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 1
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating.”提到以選定一個(gè)主題或者想法開(kāi)始，C選項(xiàng)“這可以給你的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)”說(shuō)明了上文做法的好處，故選C。
解析
◆Choose a poetic form.Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem.There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韻的對(duì)句). 2 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet(押韻的對(duì)句).”提到幾種詩(shī)歌形式，根據(jù)后文“Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.”可知，空處是在對(duì)詩(shī)歌形式的選擇進(jìn)行建議，E選項(xiàng)“你可以選擇一種你覺(jué)得容易使用的詩(shī)歌形式”承上啟下，該項(xiàng)中“a poetic form”對(duì)應(yīng)后文中“one poetic form”。故選E。
解析
◆Use concrete imagery. 3 You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.Using concrete imagery will immerse(沉浸) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
根據(jù)本段主題句“Use concrete imagery.”以及空后“You should always try to describe something using the five senses：smell，taste，touch，sight，and sound.”可知，本段是建議使用具體的形象，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“避免抽象的意象，在你的詩(shī)中使用具體的描述”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。
解析
◆ 4 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry.Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers.Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you don’t use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry...Try to use literary devices throughout your poem，varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.”可知，本段建議使用文學(xué)手法，A項(xiàng)“使用文學(xué)手法”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。
解析
◆Read the poem out loud.Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself. 5 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.
A.Use literary devices.
B.Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C.This can give your creation a clear goal.
D.If you want to write poetry，start by reading poetry.
E.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
F.Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G.You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
√
上文“Once you have completed a draft of the poem，you should read it aloud to yourself.”提到大聲朗讀給自己聽(tīng)，結(jié)合后文“Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next.Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.”可知，B選項(xiàng)“注意這些單詞聽(tīng)起來(lái)是怎樣的”符合語(yǔ)境，和下文并列，都是描述如何聽(tīng)，故選B。
解析
(2025·江蘇常州高一上期末)
Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical.It 1.________________(practise) in China for thousands of years.
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了氣功的歷史以及對(duì)身心的好處。
Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空
考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)It與謂語(yǔ)practise構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文for thousands of years可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has been practised。
解析
has been practised
Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture，it is also regarded 2._____a part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).
It’s said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官).A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance.A peaceful state of mind has to 3. (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health.
as
be sought
2.考查介詞。短語(yǔ)be regarded as表示“被視為”。故填as。
3.考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)A peaceful state of mind與seek之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且 has to 后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填be sought。
解析
Qigong is 4. art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses，making life more pleasant.As is widely recognized，Qigong 5. (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions.
an
smooths
4.考查冠詞。art 在這里表泛指，表示“一門藝術(shù)”，是可數(shù)名詞，且讀音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。
5.考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)and連接并列成分，由improves可知，此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填smooths。
解析
Good for 6. (treat) mental disabilities and stress，the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 7. _______ pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased.
treating
where
6.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。for為介詞，其后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，故填treating。
7.考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是“a state of relaxation”，在定語(yǔ)從句中作抽象地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填where。
解析
In this state,8. (concentrate) can also be achieved easily. 9._____________________ Qigong may not be magical in treating acute(急性的) illnesses or medical emergencies，it’s ideal for preventing some diseases and treating certain chronic(慢性的) conditions or disabilities.
concentration
While/Although/Though
8.考查名詞。此處作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞形式，concentrate的名詞形式是concentration，意為“專注；專心”，故填concentration。
9.考查狀語(yǔ)從句。空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然”用while、though或although，句首首字母大寫。故填While/Although/Though。
解析
Increasingly，Qigong is being recommended to more and more people now，including foreigners.It will 10. (certain) do more contributions to the world.
certainly
考查副詞。空處修飾動(dòng)詞do，需用副詞形式，作狀語(yǔ)，故填certainly。
解析
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