資源簡介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
閱讀以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成練習
①Observed on the first day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar，Chinese Lunar New Year，also ②called the Spring Festival，is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival，most people have big meals ③cooked by themselves and chat with family members，while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday.Besides，people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year.It is also a children’s festival.They become very ④excited because they can get lucky money in a red packet.
1.①為過去分詞短語作狀語；
2．②③為過去分詞短語作后置定語；
3．④為過去分詞作表語。
過去分詞作表語和狀語
一、過去分詞作表語
1．過去分詞跟在be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等系動詞之后作表語，表示主語的特點或所處的狀態。
Tom felt relaxed when he was sitting on the sofa and listening to soft music.
當湯姆坐在沙發上聽輕音樂時，他感到很放松。
Although the little girl was frightened，she answered in a calm voice.
雖然小女孩很害怕，但她還是用平靜的聲音回答。
2．過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別
過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態。這一結構從形式上與被動語態相同，但被動語態強調主語所承受的動作。試比較：
The book is well written.
這本書寫得好。
The book was written by a soldier.
這本書是由一位士兵寫的。
3．形容詞化的分詞
英語中有很多與感覺有關的及物動詞，其現在分詞表示主動意義，即“令人有某種感覺的”，多用來修飾物；其過去分詞含有被動意義，即“人被引起某種感覺的”，多用來指人、人的聲音、笑容或表情等。常用的這類詞有：
His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.
他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。
The man standing there looks frightening，and the little boy is frightened.站在那里的那個人看起來很可怕，那個小男孩很害怕。
The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night.
這則消息令人激動，我們激動了整整一晚上。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①He was too tired(tire) to walk any further，and thus，he stopped to have a rest.
②When I heard the moving story，I was deeply moved.(move)
③Jack was more surprised(surprise) than disappointed(disappoint) at this piece of news.
④ After watching the inspiring film，I felt inspired.(inspire)
二、過去分詞(短語)作狀語
1．語法意義
過去分詞作狀語表示被動或完成，其邏輯主語為句子的主語，且與句子主語之間構成邏輯上的被動關系。
2．句法功能
(1)過去分詞作時間狀語，在句中相當于一個時間狀語從句。
Looked at(＝When it is looked at) from a distance，the painting seems much more beautiful.從遠處看，這幅畫似乎美多了。
Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address)，the little boy didn’t respond.被問及他的地址時，小男孩沒有作答。
(2)過去分詞作原因狀語，在句中相當于一個原因狀語從句。
Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting)，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
約翰全神貫注地畫畫，沒有注意到天黑了。
Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision)，he refused to attend the meeting.
由于對這個決定很生氣，他拒絕參加會議。
(3)過去分詞作條件狀語，在句中相當于一個條件狀語從句。
Given more time(＝If they were given more time)，the trees could grow taller.
如果再多給一點時間，這些樹會長得更高。
Heated to a high temperature(＝If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor.如果被加熱到很高的溫度，水就能變成蒸氣。
(4)過去分詞作讓步狀語，在句中相當于一個讓步狀語從句。
Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home，John didn’t feel afraid at all.
雖然約翰被單獨留在家里，但他一點都不害怕。
(5)過去分詞作方式、伴隨狀語，在句中相當于一個并列的分句。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.
＝The teacher entered the classroom and he/she was followed by a group of students.
老師走進教室，后面跟著一群學生。
The patient got off the bed，supported by the nurse.
＝The patient got off the bed，and he/she was supported by the nurse.
那個病人在護士的攙扶下下了床。
3．過去分詞作狀語的位置
過去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語，后面有逗號與主句隔開；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗號與主句隔開。
He stood there silently，moved to tears.
＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently.
他靜靜地站在那里，被感動得熱淚盈眶。
點津　(1)過去分詞(短語)作狀語時，前面有時可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，until，unless等連詞，這種結構可以看作狀語從句的省略形式(省略部分多為“主語＋be的多種形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主語必須和主句的主語相同或是it。
Even if invited(＝Even if I’m invited)，I won’t attend the party.
即使受到邀請，我也不會參加這場聚會的。
(2)部分過去分詞(短語)來源于系表結構，作狀語時不表示被動關系，常見的有seated(坐著的)，hidden(躲著)，lost/absorbed in(全神貫注；沉浸于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(厭煩)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，she didn’t hear the sound.由于陷入沉思，所以她沒有聽到那個聲音。
Dressed in a new dress，she looks very beautiful.穿著一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。
[即時訓練2] 　單句語法填空
①Raised(raise) in the poorest village，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children，when accompanied(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
③Founded(found) in the early 20th century，the school sticks to inspiring children’s love of art.
④Used(use) over and over again，the tool was finally broken.
⑤Determined(determine) to achieve his goal，he studies harder than before.
⑥When asked(ask) about the embarrassing problem，I didn’t know how to hide my embarrassment.
三、過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別
過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即表示被動；現在分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，即表示主動。
[巧學助記]　分詞作狀語記憶口訣
分詞作狀語，主語是問題。
前后兩動作，共用一主語。
主語找出后，再來判關系。
主動用-ing，被動用-ed。
Used for a long time，the book looks old.
由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。
Using the book，I find it very useful.
在使用這本書時，我發現它很有用。
點津　無論是現在分詞還是過去分詞，其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致。如果不一致，則必須用狀語從句、獨立主格結構等其他表達形式。
If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√)
[即時訓練3]　單句語法填空
①When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy
—Just now he was seen sitting under the tree，absorbed(absorb) in his video games.
③Written(write) in a hurry，this article was not so good.
④Reading(read) carefully，he found something he hadn’t known before.
完成句子
1．如果你對此感興趣，請告知我，我會給你發送更多信息。
If you are interested in it，please let me know and I’ll send you more information.
2．我太激動了，迫不及待地想穿上它們。
I was so excited that I couldn’t wait to put them on.
3．您能來參加我們的“英語周”活動，我們深感榮幸。
We are/feel honoured to have you here in the middle of our English Week activity.
4．由于在事故中受傷了，這名運動員只好退出了比賽。
Injured in the accident，the player had to drop out of the match.
5．由于獻身于科學研究事業，他在全世界享有盛名。
Devoted to/Devoting himself to scientific research，he was famous all over the world.
6．受到父親的懲罰，這個男孩情緒低落。
Punished by his father，the boy was in low spirits.
7．由于專心于為音樂節做準備，他沒有時間放松。
Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in his preparation for the music festival，he has no time to relax.
8．我對昨晚看的令人失望的電影很失望。
I was disappointed at the disappointing film I saw last night.
作業3　Discovering Useful Structures
[分值：88.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)
1．The window of my room was broken(break) because of the hurricane.
2．The movie directed by a famous director is touching(touch)．
3．I am very delighted(delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
4．We were all inspired by the inspiring speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
5．The plan for our summer vacation is quite satisfying/satisfactory(satisfy)．
6．Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he finds we’re getting bored(bore)．
7．Guided(guide) by an artist，the girl made great progress.
8．Praised(praise) by the head teacher，Amy was excited all day.
9．Completely examined(examine) by the doctors，Mr Lee went back to work right now.
10．Seeing(see) from the top of the hill，we find that our county is quite fascinating.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共7小題；每小題3分，滿分21分)
1．我很高興有機會向外國人介紹中國畫。
I am very pleased/delighted to have an opportunity to introduce Chinese paintings to foreigners.
2．為了贏得比賽，我們應該充分準備并努力練習。
In order to win the match，we should get fully prepared and practise hard.
3．我對各種音樂都感興趣，其中爵士樂是我的最愛。
I am interested in all kinds of music，among which Jazz is my favourite.
4．外國學生們被我的一舉一動所吸引，再一次被這種獨特的文化所震撼。
Attracted by my every move，the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.
5．當被問到對未來的計劃時，這個女孩說她想成為一名教師。
When asked/Asked about her plan for the future，the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
6．我經常參加各種各樣的活動，使我比別人有更廣博的知識。
I often take part in various activities，enabling me to have a wider knowledge than others.
7．這部電影如此有趣我們笑得很開心。
The film was so interesting that we laughed happily.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2024·廣東廣州高一下期中)
George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of America’s greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.
Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics(評論家) were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was silly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirty-nine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。本文介紹的是美國最偉大的作曲家之一George Gershwin的生平和他的音樂。
1．What do we know about Gershwin’s musical works
A．They were written about New Yorkers.
B．They were composed for Paul Whiteman.
C．They were performed in various ways.
D．They were played mainly in the countryside.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段末句“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.”可知，其作品以不同的方式被演繹。故選C。
2．What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman
A．It attracted more people to theatres.
B．It proved jazz could be serious music.
C．It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.
D．It caused a debate among jazz musicians.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段末句“It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，此次音樂會證明了爵士樂也可以是嚴肅的音樂。故選B。
3．What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris
A．He created one of his best works.
B．He studied with Nadia Boulanger.
C．He argued with French critics.
D．He changed his music style.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.”及“But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知，他在巴黎創作了他最好的作品之一An American in Paris。故選A。
4．Which of the following best describes Gershwin
A．Talented and productive.
B．Serious and boring.
C．Popular but unhappy.
D．Friendly and honest.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據第一段中“He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.”可知，他極具天賦，并且是多產的作曲家。故選A。
B(此篇精讀)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
As a young music therapist in Colorado，Shannon de L’Etoile saw that when mothers were encouraged to sing to their babies，they were amazed by the positive responses they received.She quickly realized that music could be a powerful tool for helping mothers learn more about their infants(嬰兒)．Soon，de L’Etoile began researching the practice，called infant-directed singing.She says it helps babies learn to regulate their feelings，which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world.
“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain，” said de L’Etoile.“Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.But mothers need to be sensitive to infant cues(提示)．”
De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.Mothers will be able to notice if the infant is benefiting because the baby will look longer at the mother and reach a happy state.
As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.De L’Etoile has been working closely with center workers to develop the program so that it will meet the needs of different families.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科羅拉多州的一位年輕音樂治療專家Shannon de L’Etoile的研究，她發現母親對嬰兒唱歌時嬰兒會有積極的反應，并認為音樂是幫助母親了解嬰兒的有力工具。
5．What does the underlined word “regulate” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Manage. B．Produce.
C．Hide. D．Observe.
答案　A
解析　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后定語從句“which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world”可推知，“regulate their feelings”是一種可以讓人們在將來受益的行為，結合常識可推知，學會“管理自己的情緒”會讓人們受益，所以regulate與manage同義，意為“控制，管理”。故選A。
6．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Singing is the best way to comfort babies.
B．Mothers can benefit from singing to their babies.
C．Building a positive parent-child relationship is hard.
D．Mothers’ singing can help with infant development.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中de L’Etoile的話“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain”可知，母親的歌聲有助于嬰兒的發育。故選D。
7．What is the purpose of de L’Etoile’s coaching program
A．To train babies to respond to their mothers.
B．To get babies to reach a happy state.
C．To help mothers notice the babies’ feelings.
D．To teach mothers to sing to babies effectively.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中“De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.”可知，de L’Etoile的培訓項目在教母親有效地、正確地給嬰兒唱歌。故選D。
8．How will de L’Etoile carry out her study according to the last paragraph
A．By communicating directly with mothers.
B．By collecting babies’ reactions to videos and voices.
C．By observing changes in mothers and infants after training.
D．By comparing the effects of family members’ voices on babies.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.”可知，de L’Etoile通過觀察訓練后母親和嬰兒的變化來展開她的研究。故選C。
[詞匯積累]
1．therapist n．治療專家
2．practice 熟義：v.練習(＝practise) n．練習；實踐 生義(文義)：n.做法
3．engineering(派)＝engineer＋ing n．工程(學)
[句式分析]
1．Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.
分析：此句為復合句。in which引導定語從句，way是先行詞，in which在從句中作方式狀語；that引導定語從句，與in which引導的定語從句并列，way是先行詞，that在從句中充當賓語。
翻譯：嬰兒導向歌唱是一種母親與嬰兒交流的方式，大多數嬰兒都能識別并做出反應。
2．The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.
分析：此句為復合句。as引導時間狀語從句；how引導賓語從句；while singing為時間狀語從句的省略。
翻譯：這個過程包括觀察和記錄母親對嬰兒唱歌的過程，然后向這些母親展示她們如何在唱歌時對嬰兒的感受敏感。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
Power of Self-Talk
Life is like a big swing，dangling between the depths of happiness and sadness.To overcome tough times you have to cheer yourself up.When you are feeling low and confused，this can be done effectively by self-talk.
1 It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain. 2 This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.
Self-talk is a software，which when properly loaded onto our mind directs ourselves for better results and a healthy mind.Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions. 3 And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.
If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself. 4 “ I am a natural born speaker.” “I do like people and speaking comes naturally to me.” “I just have to be ready to listen and speak.” If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(動機) than self-talk. 5
A．So，guys，start talking!
B．Every person loves to be loved.
C．Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D．Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E．It is because they don’t come from within us.
F．Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G．Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了生活就像在幸福和悲傷之間搖擺不定，要度過艱難的時刻，你必須鼓勵自己。通過自我對話可以有效地做到這一點。
1．答案　D
解析　根據下文“It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.”可知，自我對話是對自己說話，我們幾乎不會對自己撒謊，因為我們的良心控制著我們的講話，D項“自言自語是一種對自己說話的方式”符合語境，總領下文。故選D。
2．答案　G
解析　根據上文“Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain.”和下文“This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.”可知，此處講述自我對話對大腦產生的影響。因此推斷G項“然后我們的大腦從大腦和耳朵接收到相同的信息”符合語境，承上啟下。故選G。
3．答案　E
解析　根據上文“Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.”和下文“And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.”可知，別人的好建議我們通常聽不進去，當我們內心有些想法時，我們總是愿意接受，因此推斷E項“那是因為他們不是來自我們內心”符合語境，與前文構成因果關系。故選E。
4．答案　F
解析　根據上文“If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself.”以及下文的舉例可知，想要成為外向的人，你可以對自己說話，因此推斷F項“真心實意地告訴自己：‘我可以像他一樣。’”符合語境，承接上文“想要成為朋友那樣的人”。故選F。
5．答案　A
解析　根據上一句“If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(動機) than self-talk.”可知，此處內容與鼓勵開始說話有關，因此推斷A項“所以，伙計們，開始說話吧”符合語境。故選A。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
Dating back to the Song Dynasty，Baduanjin has a history of more than 800 years.1._____________(compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games，Baduanjin is slow and usually done with soft music,2. it used to be considered as the sport for the elders.Actually，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from lower back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.A video published by the General Administration of Sport of China 3. (teach) the public to do the exercise has gained about 10 million views on a video platform in China.
“Living in Shanghai alone 4. (make) me feel anxious.When I do Baduanjin，all my attention is focused 5. my body and soul，and the slow 6. (movement) help me relax，” said Jiang Xi,7. fashion designer working in Pudong.She 8.____________(follow) by over 10 thousand people aged between 20 and 30 within five months since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media.
But not all people are 9. (suit) for practicing Baduanjin.Liu Xiaodan，a professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，cautioned that people should always put safety first when doing Baduanjin，and patients 10. are weak and easy to fall should not take up this exercise.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了八段錦的歷史，其適合的人群以及它在年輕人中也受到歡迎的情況，同時也提到了并非所有人都適合練習八段錦以及相關注意事項。
1．答案　Compared
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，“ (compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games”作比較狀語，compare(比較，對比)與其邏輯主語Baduanjin之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以需用過去分詞形式表被動；位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Compared。
2．答案　so
解析　考查連詞。前文描述了八段錦 “slow and usually done with soft music”的特點，后文說 “it used to be considered as the sport for the elders”，根據語境，前后呈現因果關系，正是因為八段錦有這樣的特點，所以才會被認為是老年人的運動，所以用連詞“so”連接，故填 so。
3．答案　teaching
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，句子的謂語是has gained，設空處為非謂語動詞，設空處作后置定語，teach(教)與其邏輯主語A video之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞表主動，故填 teaching。
4．答案　makes
解析　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處為此句的謂語，根據語境可知，此處用一般現在時；單個的動名詞短語Living in Shanghai alone作主語，謂語動詞用單數，故填makes。
5．答案　on/upon
解析　考查介詞。“focus on/upon”為固定短語，意為 “專注于”。句中使用了其被動語態be focused on/upon，故填on/upon。
6．答案　movements
解析　考查名詞。可數名詞movement作分句主語，意為“動作”，根據謂語help的形式可知，主語為復數名詞，故填 movements。
7．答案　a
解析　考查冠詞。可數名詞designer在句中表示泛指，且fashion發音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a來修飾，故填 a。
8．答案　has been followed
解析　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。follow(仿效，密切關注)是主句謂語動詞，與主語She 之間是被動關系，根據時間狀語“since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media”可知，此處應用現在完成時，強調過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，同時，主語She是第三人稱單數代詞，謂語用單數形式，故填has been followed。
9．答案　suitable
解析　考查形容詞。“be suitable for”為固定短語，意為 “適合……”，故填 suitable。
10．答案　who/that
解析　考查定語從句。“ are weak and easy to fall”是限制性定語從句，用來修飾先行詞patients，指人，關系詞在從句中作主語，所以用關系代詞who或that引導從句，故填who/that。(共78張PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Music
Unit 5
內容索引
情境導讀
語法精講
達標檢測
作業3
情境導讀
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成練習
①Observed on the first day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar，Chinese Lunar New Year，also ②called the Spring Festival，is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival，most people have big meals ③cooked by themselves and chat with family members，while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday.Besides，people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year.It is also a children’s festival.They become very ④excited because they can get lucky money in a red packet.
1.①為過去分詞短語作 ；
2.②③為過去分詞短語作 ；
3.④為過去分詞作 。
返 回
狀語
后置定語
表語
語法精講
過去分詞作表語和狀語
一、過去分詞作表語
1.過去分詞跟在be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等系動詞之后作表語，表示主語的特點或所處的狀態。
Tom felt relaxed when he was sitting on the sofa and listening to soft music.
當湯姆坐在沙發上聽輕音樂時，他感到很放松。
Although the little girl was frightened，she answered in a calm voice.
雖然小女孩很害怕，但她還是用平靜的聲音回答。
2.過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別
過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態。這一結構從形式上與被動語態相同，但被動語態強調主語所承受的動作。試比較：
The book is well written.
這本書寫得好。
The book was written by a soldier.
這本書是由一位士兵寫的。
3.形容詞化的分詞
英語中有很多與感覺有關的及物動詞，其現在分詞表示主動意義，即“令人有某種感覺的”，多用來修飾物；其過去分詞含有被動意義，即“人被引起某種感覺的”，多用來指人、人的聲音、笑容或表情等。常用的這類詞有：
exciting令人激動的
excited激動的，興奮的
astonishing令人驚訝的astonished驚訝的
disappointing令人失望的
disappointed感到失望的
encouraging鼓舞人心的
encouraged受到鼓舞的
frightening令人害怕的
frightened受驚的，害怕的
interesting令人感興趣的interested感興趣的
moving感人的，令人感動的
moved受感動的
pleasing令人滿意的
pleased滿意的
shocking令人震驚的shocked感到震驚的
tiring令人困倦的
tired感到困倦的
worrying令人擔心的
worried感到擔心的
satisfying令人滿意的satisfied感到滿意的
puzzling令人迷惑的
puzzled感到迷惑的
His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.
他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。
The man standing there looks frightening，and the little boy is frightened.站在那里的那個人看起來很可怕，那個小男孩很害怕。
The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night.
這則消息令人激動，我們激動了整整一晚上。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①He was too (tire) to walk any further，and thus，he stopped to have a rest.
②When I heard the story，I was deeply .(move)
③Jack was more (surprise) than (disappoint) at this piece of news.
④ After watching the film，I felt .(inspire)
tired
moving
moved
surprised
disappointed
inspiring
inspired
二、過去分詞(短語)作狀語
1.語法意義
過去分詞作狀語表示被動或完成，其邏輯主語為句子的主語，且與句子主語之間構成邏輯上的被動關系。
2.句法功能
(1)過去分詞作時間狀語，在句中相當于一個時間狀語從句。
Looked at(＝When it is looked at) from a distance，the painting seems much more beautiful.從遠處看，這幅畫似乎美多了。
Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address)，the little boy didn’t respond.被問及他的地址時，小男孩沒有作答。
(2)過去分詞作原因狀語，在句中相當于一個原因狀語從句。
Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting)，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
約翰全神貫注地畫畫，沒有注意到天黑了。
Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision)，he refused to attend the meeting.
由于對這個決定很生氣，他拒絕參加會議。
(3)過去分詞作條件狀語，在句中相當于一個條件狀語從句。
Given more time(＝If they were given more time)，the trees could grow taller.
如果再多給一點時間，這些樹會長得更高。
Heated to a high temperature(＝If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor.如果被加熱到很高的溫度，水就能變成蒸氣。
(4)過去分詞作讓步狀語，在句中相當于一個讓步狀語從句。
Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home，John didn’t feel afraid at all.
雖然約翰被單獨留在家里，但他一點都不害怕。
(5)過去分詞作方式、伴隨狀語，在句中相當于一個并列的分句。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.
＝The teacher entered the classroom and he/she was followed by a group of students.
老師走進教室，后面跟著一群學生。
The patient got off the bed，supported by the nurse.
＝The patient got off the bed，and he/she was supported by the nurse.
那個病人在護士的攙扶下下了床。
3.過去分詞作狀語的位置
過去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語，后面有逗號與主句隔開；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗號與主句隔開。
He stood there silently，moved to tears.
＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently.
他靜靜地站在那里，被感動得熱淚盈眶。
[點津]　(1)過去分詞(短語)作狀語時，前面有時可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，until，unless等連詞，這種結構可以看作狀語從句的省略形式(省略部分多為“主語＋be的多種形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主語必須和主句的主語相同或是it。
Even if invited(＝Even if I’m invited)，I won’t attend the party.
即使受到邀請，我也不會參加這場聚會的。
(2)部分過去分詞(短語)來源于系表結構，作狀語時不表示被動關系，常見的有seated(坐著的)，hidden(躲著)，lost/absorbed in(全神貫注；沉浸于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(厭煩)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，she didn’t hear the sound.由于陷入沉思，所以她沒有聽到那個聲音。
Dressed in a new dress，she looks very beautiful.穿著一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。
[即時訓練2] 　單句語法填空
① (raise) in the poorest village，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children，when (accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
③ (found) in the early 20th century，the school sticks to inspiring children’s love of art.
④ (use) over and over again，the tool was finally broken.
Raised
accompanied
Founded
Used
⑤ (determine) to achieve his goal，he studies harder than before.
⑥When (ask) about the embarrassing problem，I didn’t know how to hide my embarrassment.
Determined
asked
三、過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別
過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即表示被動；現在分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，即表示主動。
[巧學助記]　分詞作狀語記憶口訣
分詞作狀語，主語是問題。
前后兩動作，共用一主語。
主語找出后，再來判關系。
主動用-ing，被動用-ed。
Used for a long time，the book looks old.
由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。
Using the book，I find it very useful.
在使用這本書時，我發現它很有用。
[點津]　無論是現在分詞還是過去分詞，其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致。如果不一致，則必須用狀語從句、獨立主格結構等其他表達形式。
If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√)
[即時訓練3]　單句語法填空
①When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed， (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy
—Just now he was seen sitting under the tree， (absorb) in his video games.
③ (write) in a hurry，this article was not so good.
④ (read) carefully，he found something he hadn’t known before.
返 回
telling
absorbed
Written
Reading
達標檢測
1.如果你對此感興趣，請告知我，我會給你發送更多信息。
If you ，please let me know and I’ll send you more information.
2.我太激動了，迫不及待地想穿上它們。
I I couldn’t wait to put them on.
3.您能來參加我們的“英語周”活動，我們深感榮幸。
We in the middle of our English Week activity.
完成句子
are interested in it
was so excited that
are/feel honoured to have you here
4.由于在事故中受傷了，這名運動員只好退出了比賽。
，the player had to drop out of the match.
5.由于獻身于科學研究事業，他在全世界享有盛名。
，he was famous all over the world.
6.受到父親的懲罰，這個男孩情緒低落。
，the boy was in low spirits.
Injured in the accident
Devoted to/Devoting himself to scientific research
Punished by his father
7.由于專心于為音樂節做準備，他沒有時間放松。
，he has no time to relax.
8.我對昨晚看的令人失望的電影很失望。
I saw last night.
返 回
Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in his preparation for the music festival
I was disappointed at the disappointing film
作業3
1.The window of my room was (break) because of the hurricane.
2.The movie directed by a famous director is (touch).
3.I am very (delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
4.We were all by the speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
5.The plan for our summer vacation is quite (satisfy).
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
broken
touching
delighted
inspired
inspiring
satisfying/satisfactory
6.Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he finds we’re getting
(bore).
7. (guide) by an artist，the girl made great progress.
8. (praise) by the head teacher，Amy was excited all day.
9.Completely (examine) by the doctors，Mr Lee went back to work right now.
10. (see) from the top of the hill，we find that our county is quite fascinating.
bored
Guided
Praised
examined
Seeing
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我很高興有機會向外國人介紹中國畫。
Chinese paintings to foreigners.
2.為了贏得比賽，我們應該充分準備并努力練習。
In order to win the match， .
3.我對各種音樂都感興趣，其中爵士樂是我的最愛。
，among which Jazz is my favourite.
4.外國學生們被我的一舉一動所吸引，再一次被這種獨特的文化所震撼。
，the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.
I am very pleased/delighted to have an opportunity to introduce
we should get fully prepared and practise hard
I am interested in all kinds of music
Attracted by my every move
5.當被問到對未來的計劃時，這個女孩說她想成為一名教師。
，the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
6.我經常參加各種各樣的活動，使我比別人有更廣博的知識。
I often take part in various activities，______________________________
.
7.這部電影如此有趣我們笑得很開心。
The film we laughed happily.
When asked/Asked about her plan for the future
enabling me to have a wider
knowledge than others
was so interesting that
A
(2024·廣東廣州高一下期中)
George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of America’s greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。本文介紹的是美國最偉大的作曲家之一George Gershwin的生平和他的音樂。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics(評論家) were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was silly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirty-nine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.
1.What do we know about Gershwin’s musical works
A.They were written about New Yorkers.
B.They were composed for Paul Whiteman.
C.They were performed in various ways.
D.They were played mainly in the countryside.
細節理解題。根據第二段末句“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.”可知，其作品以不同的方式被演繹。故選C。
解析
√
2.What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman
A.It attracted more people to theatres.
B.It proved jazz could be serious music.
C.It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.
D.It caused a debate among jazz musicians.
細節理解題。根據第三段末句“It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，此次音樂會證明了爵士樂也可以是嚴肅的音樂。故選B。
解析
√
3.What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris
A.He created one of his best works.
B.He studied with Nadia Boulanger.
C.He argued with French critics.
D.He changed his music style.
細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.”及“But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知，他在巴黎創作了他最好的作品之一An American in Paris。故選A。
解析
√
4.Which of the following best describes Gershwin
A.Talented and productive.
B.Serious and boring.
C.Popular but unhappy.
D.Friendly and honest.
推理判斷題。根據第一段中“He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.”可知，他極具天賦，并且是多產的作曲家。故選A。
解析
√
B(此篇精讀)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
As a young music therapist in Colorado，Shannon de L’Etoile saw that when mothers were encouraged to sing to their babies，they were amazed by the positive responses they received.She quickly realized that music could be a powerful tool for helping mothers learn more about their infants(嬰兒).Soon，de L’Etoile began researching the practice，called infant-directed singing.She says it helps babies learn to regulate their feelings，which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科羅拉多州的一位年輕音樂治療專家Shannon de L’Etoile的研究，她發現母親對嬰兒唱歌時嬰兒會有積極的反應，并認為音樂是幫助母親了解嬰兒的有力工具。
“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain，” said de L’Etoile.“Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.But mothers need to be sensitive to infant cues(提示).”
De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.Mothers will be able to notice if the infant is benefiting because the baby will look longer at the mother and reach a happy state.
As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.De L’Etoile has been working closely with center workers to develop the program so that it will meet the needs of different families.
5.What does the underlined word “regulate” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Manage. B.Produce.
C.Hide. D.Observe.
詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后定語從句“which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world”可推知，“regulate their feelings”是一種可以讓人們在將來受益的行為，結合常識可推知，學會“管理自己的情緒”會讓人們受益，所以regulate與manage同義，意為“控制，管理”。故選A。
解析
√
6.What can we learn from paragraph 2
A.Singing is the best way to comfort babies.
B.Mothers can benefit from singing to their babies.
C.Building a positive parent-child relationship is hard.
D.Mothers’ singing can help with infant development.
細節理解題。根據第二段中de L’Etoile的話“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain”可知，母親的歌聲有助于嬰兒的發育。故選D。
解析
√
7.What is the purpose of de L’Etoile’s coaching program
A.To train babies to respond to their mothers.
B.To get babies to reach a happy state.
C.To help mothers notice the babies’ feelings.
D.To teach mothers to sing to babies effectively.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中“De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.”可知，de L’Etoile的培訓項目在教母親有效地、正確地給嬰兒唱歌。故選D。
解析
8.How will de L’Etoile carry out her study according to the last paragraph
A.By communicating directly with mothers.
B.By collecting babies’ reactions to videos and voices.
C.By observing changes in mothers and infants after training.
D.By comparing the effects of family members’ voices on babies.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.”可知，de L’Etoile通過觀察訓練后母親和嬰兒的變化來展開她的研究。故選C。
解析
1.therapist n.治療專家
2.practice 熟義：v.練習(＝practise) n.練習；實踐 生義(文義)：n.做法
3.engineering(派)＝engineer＋ing n.工程(學)
詞匯積累
句式分析
1.Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.
分析：此句為復合句。in which引導定語從句，way是先行詞，in which在從句中作方式狀語；that引導定語從句，與in which引導的定語從句并列，way是先行詞，that在從句中充當賓語。
翻譯：嬰兒導向歌唱是一種母親與嬰兒交流的方式，大多數嬰兒都能識別并做出反應。
2.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.
分析：此句為復合句。as引導時間狀語從句；how引導賓語從句；while singing為時間狀語從句的省略。
翻譯：這個過程包括觀察和記錄母親對嬰兒唱歌的過程，然后向這些母親展示她們如何在唱歌時對嬰兒的感受敏感。
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
Power of Self-Talk
Life is like a big swing，dangling between the depths of happiness and sadness.To overcome tough times you have to cheer yourself up.When you are feeling low and confused，this can be done effectively by self-talk.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了生活就像在幸福和悲傷之間搖擺不定，要度過艱難的時刻，你必須鼓勵自己。通過自我對話可以有效地做到這一點。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
1 It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.
√
根據下文“It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.”可知，自我對話是對自己說話，我們幾乎不會對自己撒謊，因為我們的良心控制著我們的講話，D項“自言自語是一種對自己說話的方式”符合語境，總領下文。故選D。
解析
Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain. 2 This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根據上文“Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain.”和下文“This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.”可知，此處講述自我對話對大腦產生的影響。因此推斷G項“然后我們的大腦從大腦和耳朵接收到相同的信息”符合語境，承上啟下。故選G。
解析
Self-talk is a software，which when properly loaded onto our mind directs ourselves for better results and a healthy mind.Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.
3 And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根據上文“Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.”和下文“And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.”可知，別人的好建議我們通常聽不進去，當我們內心有些想法時，我們總是愿意接受，因此推斷E項“那是因為他們不是來自我們內心”符合語境，與前文構成因果關系。故選E。
解析
If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself. 4 “ I am a natural born speaker.”
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根據上文“If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself.”以及下文的舉例可知，想要成為外向的人，你可以對自己說話，因此推斷F項“真心實意地告訴自己：‘我可以像他一樣。’”符合語境，承接上文“想要成為朋友那樣的人”。故選F。
解析
“I do like people and speaking comes naturally to me.” “I just have to be ready to listen and speak.” If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(動機) than self-talk. 5
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根據上一句“If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(動機) than self-talk.”可知，此處內容與鼓勵開始說話有關，因此推斷A項“所以，伙計們，開始說話吧”符合語境。故選A。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
Dating back to the Song Dynasty，Baduanjin has a history of more than 800 years.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了八段錦的歷史，其適合的人群以及它在年輕人中也受到歡迎的情況，同時也提到了并非所有人都適合練習八段錦以及相關注意事項。
1._____________(compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games，Baduanjin is slow and usually done with soft music,2.____ it used to be considered as the sport for the elders.
Compared
so
1.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，“ (compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games”作比較狀語，compare(比較，對比)與其邏輯主語Baduanjin之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以需用過去分詞形式表被動；位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Compared。
2.考查連詞。前文描述了八段錦 “slow and usually done with soft music”的特點，后文說 “it used to be considered as the sport for the elders”，根據語境，前后呈現因果關系，正是因為八段錦有這樣的特點，所以才會被認為是老年人的運動，所以用連詞“so”連接，故填 so。
解析
Actually，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from lower back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.A video published by the General Administration of Sport of China 3.__________ (teach) the public to do the exercise has gained about 10 million views on a video platform in China.
teaching
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，句子的謂語是has gained，設空處為非謂語動詞，設空處作后置定語，teach(教)與其邏輯主語A video之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞表主動，故填 teaching。
解析
“Living in Shanghai alone 4. (make) me feel anxious.When I do Baduanjin，all my attention is focused 5. my body and soul，and the slow 6. (movement) help me relax，”
makes
on/upon
4.考查動詞時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處為此句的謂語，根據語境可知，此處用一般現在時；單個的動名詞短語Living in Shanghai alone作主語，謂語動詞用單數，故填makes。
5.考查介詞。“focus on/upon”為固定短語，意為 “專注于”。句中使用了其被動語態be focused on/upon，故填on/upon。
6.考查名詞。可數名詞movement作分句主語，意為“動作”，根據謂語help的形式可知，主語為復數名詞，故填 movements。
解析
movements
said Jiang Xi,7. fashion designer working in Pudong.She 8.________ _________(follow) by over 10 thousand people aged between 20 and 30 within five months since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media.
a
has been
followed
7.考查冠詞。可數名詞designer在句中表示泛指，且fashion發音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a來修飾，故填 a。
8.考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。follow(仿效，密切關注)是主句謂語動詞，與主語She 之間是被動關系，根據時間狀語“since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media”可知，此處應用現在完成時，強調過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，同時，主語She是第三人稱單數代詞，謂語用單數形式，故填has been followed。
解析
But not all people are 9. (suit) for practicing Baduanjin.Liu Xiaodan，a professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，cautioned that people should always put safety first when doing Baduanjin，and patients 10. are weak and easy to fall should not take up this exercise.
suitable
who/that
9.考查形容詞。“be suitable for”為固定短語，意為 “適合……”，故填 suitable。
10.考查定語從句。“ are weak and easy to fall”是限制性定語從句，用來修飾先行詞patients，指人，關系詞在從句中作主語，所以用關系代詞who或that引導從句，故填who/that。
解析
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