資源簡介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
閱讀以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成練習
The Amber(琥珀) Room was given this name because of several tons of amber ①used to make it.The ②selected amber had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.The government had the room ③designed in a unique style popular in those days.It was also a treasure ④decorated with gold and jewels，which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.
Later，Catherine Ⅱ got the Amber Room ⑤moved to a palace outside St.Petersburg where she spent her summers.Sadly，the Amber Room，⑥considered one of the wonders of the world，is now missing.
1.①②④⑥在句中作定語，其中②為前置定語，①④⑥為后置定語。
2．③⑤在句中作賓語補足語。
3．過去分詞作定語時與它所修飾的詞構成被動關系，過去分詞短語作定語放在被修飾詞之后，單個的過去分詞作定語可直接放于被修飾詞的前面。過去分詞作賓語補足語時與賓語構成被動關系。
過去分詞作定語
一、過去分詞作定語時的位置
一般情況下，單個的過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，相當于一個定語從句。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受傷的工人們現在正在醫院受到良好的照顧。
To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.
＝To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study which was conducted in Australia in 2012.
回到水污染的問題上，我想讓你看一下2012年在澳大利亞開展的一項研究。
溫馨提示
(1)有些過去分詞可以表示特定含義，單獨作定語時要放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所給的)，concerned(有關的)等。
There were a couple of seats left at the back.
后面還剩幾個座位。
(2)如果被修飾的詞是指示代詞those或something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代詞，單個的過去分詞作定語時要放在這些詞的后面。
He is one of those invited.
他是那些被邀請的人之一。
(3)有些過去分詞作定語時，前置和后置的意義不同。
The authorities concerned are to blame.
有關當局應受到指責。
She looked at me with a concerned look.
她帶著關切的表情望著我。
二、過去分詞作定語時的意義
1．及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，在語態上表示被動；在時間上，常表示動作已經發生或完成，有時只表示被動。
He is a teacher respected by all the students.
他是一位受所有學生尊敬的老師。(只表示被動)
The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會上提出的這項計劃將很快被執行。(表示完成和被動)
2．不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，不表示被動意義，只強調動作完成。
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早晨，升起的太陽正閃閃發光。
When I woke up the next morning，I found the ground was covered with fallen leaves.
當我第二天早上醒來時，發現地面被落葉覆蓋了。
3．與動詞-ing形式作定語的區別
動詞-ing形式作定語表主動或進行；而過去分詞作定語表被動或完成。
Do you know the boy standing over there (standing表示主動和進行)
你認識站在那邊的那個男孩嗎？
The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company.(built表示被動和完成)
2013年建造的這座橋是由當地一家公司設計的。
4．與動詞-ing形式的被動式(being done)和動詞不定式的被動式(to be done)作定語的區別
The meeting held yesterday is very important.(held表示已經完成的被動動作)
昨天開的會很重要。
All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held.(being held表示正在進行的被動動作)
這個隊的所有隊員都出席了正在舉行的會議。
It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow.(to be held表示將要發生的被動動作)據說明天這個大廳有個會議要舉行。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①The trees blown(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
②The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing(stand) in one corner.
③Tsinghua University，founded(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of great scientists.
④There will be a conference in half an hour and the problem to be discussed(discuss) at it is of great importance.
⑤The problem being discussed(discuss) now is difficult to deal with.
過去分詞作賓語補足語
過去分詞作賓語補足語時，過去分詞與賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系。
1．在表狀態的動詞keep，leave等后面。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving his breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，沒吃早飯就匆匆地去了辦公室。
2．在使役動詞have、get和make的后面。
(1)“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”可以表示兩種含義：“讓別人做某事”或“遭遇某種不幸”。
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane took off.在飛機起飛前一個小時，克萊爾(讓安檢員)對她的行李進行了檢查。
While they were on holiday，they had/got their car broken into.
他們在度假時，他們的汽車被撬開了。
(2)在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞表示結果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他們用很簡單的英語來設法使自己被理解。
3．在感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.當我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家度過假期。
The next morning，people found the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人們發現他們房子外面的世界完全變了樣。
4．在表示“意愿，命令”的動詞like，want，wish，expect，order等后面。
The manager orders the work finished at the end of this week.
經理要求在本周末完成這項工作。
5．在“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準備放待煮的飯菜。
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.
約翰收到一份宴請函，正好他的工作也做完了，于是他欣然接受了邀請。
6．過去分詞/動詞-ing形式/動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區別
(1)感官動詞后接復合賓語的比較
感官動詞(短語)(一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的賓語補足語主要有三種形式，以hear為例：
hear＋賓語＋
I heard her sing just now.(已經完成的主動動作)剛才我聽到她唱歌了。
I heard her singing when I met her by chance yesterday.(正在進行的主動動作)
昨天偶然遇見她時，我聽到她正在唱歌。
To study English well，we ought to find chances to hear English spoken as much as possible.(無時間性的被動)為了學好英語，我們應該尋找機會并盡可能多地聽別人說英語。
(2)使役動詞make，have，get，keep后加復合賓語的比較
①make＋賓語＋
She made her workers work 12 hours a day.(主動)她讓她的工人們每天工作12個小時。
She tried to make herself understood.(被動)
她盡量使自己被理解。
②have＋賓語＋
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。
He had us laughing all through the meal.
整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個不停。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上個月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。
③get＋賓語＋
He got me to post the letter for him.
他讓我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進。
I’ll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(請人)修一下我的手機。
④keep＋賓語＋
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
對不起，讓你久等了。
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.她緊閉雙眼，待在原地未動。
(3)with復合結構中賓語補足語的比較
with＋
With everything prepared well，they sighed in relief.一切準備就緒后，他們松了一口氣。
With a mass of tough problems to settle，the boss is having a hard time.
因為有很多難題要解決，這位老板的日子不好過。
[即時訓練2]　單句語法填空
①Before driving into the company，all the people are required to get their cars washed(wash)．
②The boy made himself heard(hear) by shouting out all the answers.
③She fell asleep with the light burning(burn)．
④With the problem settled(settle)，they have improved the quality of the products.
⑤With much work to do(do)，I can’t keep you company to the bookstore.
用過去分詞作定語或賓語補足語補全句子
1．當他醒來時，他發現自己被一群孩子圍著。
When he woke up，he found himself surrounded by a group of children.
2．如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重自己。
If you want to make yourself respected，you are above all to respect yourself.
3．解決這一問題的關鍵就是滿足顧客提出的要求。
The key to solving the problem is to meet the demands made by the customers.
4．期待這些從全國選出的運動員在這次夏季比賽中能給我們帶來榮譽。
The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
5．由于卸下了極大的思想包袱，她成功地通過了所有考試。
With a great load taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.
6．目前被談論的那個人精通外國文學。
The person being talked about at present has a good knowledge of foreign literature.
作業3　Discovering Useful Structures
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．The performers chosen(choose) from the whole country will bring us a feast for the eyes.
2．To tell the truth，you must make every effort to improve your spoken(speak) English.
3．No matter how busy she is，Lily manages to get her work finished(finish) on time.
4．I will attend a meeting to be held(hold) at nine a．m. tomorrow.
5．When she returned home，she found the window open and something stolen(steal)．
6．My brother rushed out of home with the door unlocked(unlock) when his friend called him.
7．With lots of work to do(do) today，I can’t spare any time to go to the cinema.
8．Prices of daily goods bought(buy) online can be lower than store prices.
9．I heard the song sung(sing) several times last week.
10．Excuse me，but it is time to have your temperature taken(take)．
Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
Li Hong once hated cycling and the bicycle 1.lying(lie) in the corner of the garage was never ridden.Later his father invited a 2.retired(retire) bike instructor to give him some instructions.In order to get into shape，he and his coach had an agreement 3.reached(reach)．He must finish the task in the 4.given(give) time.With his coach’s words 5.kept(keep) in mind，he often covered a long distance.The method 6.used(use) by his coach was very scientific and with time 7.passing(pass)，he made rapid progress.He decided to take part in a cycle race 8.hosted(host) in the city centre，so he practised even harder.On the race day all the cyclists longed to win medals.During the match，he saw the audience beside the road 9.waving(wave) at him all the way and he was proud of himself.Finally，Li Hong won a gold medal，with tears of happiness 10.streaming(stream) down his face.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·山東煙臺高一上期末)
As food waste breaks up in outdoor landfills，it often gives off carbon dioxide(CO2)．This powerful gas speeds up the rise of temperature and climate change on earth.Experts figure that nearly a third of the world’s food，about 1.3 billion tons，is wasted annually.This waste generates a surprising 3.3 billion tons of greenhouse gases each year.
Most countries struggle with food waste management.However，South Korea stands out with its creative composting(堆肥) system called Jongyangje，which requires citizens to separate their food waste.Where available，they can deal with it in specialized electronic bins(垃圾箱) that direct citizens to pay for the waste based on the weight.
Those without electronic waste bins nearby must buy special compost bags.They range in price from 10 cents to $2，depending on their size.These bags can then be thrown into specially marked bins.Citizens who mix food waste with regular rubbish risk fines of up to $800.
The collected food waste is taken to composting facilities.Some of it is changed into biogas，a type of renewable energy used to power homes.The rest is turned into chicken and cattle feed.
Despite citizen contributions，Jongyangje is in need of an annual running cost of over $600 million.Additionally，not all food waste is recyclable(可回收利用的)．Bones from animals like chickens can harm the recycling equipment.Moreover，some farmers are unwilling to use composted waste as fertilizer due to its high sodium content，which limits its usability.
However，the 20-year-old system has brought eye-catching results.The country recycles an impressive 98 percent of its 5.5 million tons of annual food waste.This far surpasses the US，which composts only 5 percent of its 60 million tons of annual food waste.This outstanding performance proves the effectiveness of government-citizen cooperation in managing food waste.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了韓國用一個名為“Jongyangje”的創造性堆肥系統處理食物垃圾，介紹了這一系統的工作原理以及取得的良好效果。
1．What can food waste result in when breaking up
A．Rising food prices. B．Energy shortage.
C．Worldwide starvation. D．Global warming.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段“As food waste breaks up in outdoor landfills，it often gives off carbon dioxide(CO2)．This powerful gas speeds up the rise of temperature and climate change on earth.”可知，食物垃圾分解時會產生二氧化碳，而二氧化碳會加速氣溫上升和全球變暖。故選D。
2．What’s the function of the electronic bins
A．To store special compost bags.
B．To separate the renewable waste.
C．To transport food waste conveniently.
D．To weigh the waste and collect payment.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中“Where available，they can deal with it in specialized electronic bins(垃圾箱) that direct citizens to pay for the waste based on the weight.”可知，電子垃圾箱的功能是對廢物進行稱重并收取費用。故選D。
3．What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about Jongyangje
A．Challenges faced by the system.
B．Tricky waste sorting process.
C．Technical problems during the running.
D．Resistance from the citizens.
答案　A
解析　段落大意題。根據第五段“...Jongyangje is in need of an annual running cost of over $600 million.Additionally，not all food waste is recyclable(可回收利用的)．..Moreover，some farmers are unwilling to use composted waste as fertilizer due to its high sodium content，which limits its usability.”可知，本段主要告訴了我們這個系統面臨的挑戰。故選A。
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Importance of Composting in Environmental Protection
B．Food Waste Is Increasingly Affecting People’s Daily Life
C．South Korea Is Leading the Way in Food Waste Recycling
D．Government-citizen Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gases
答案　C
解析　標題歸納題。根據第二段中“However，South Korea stands out with its creative composting(堆肥) system called Jongyangje，which requires citizens to separate their food waste.”并結合全文內容可知，文章主要說明了韓國用一個名為“Jongyangje”的創造性堆肥系統處理食物垃圾，介紹了這一系統的工作原理以及取得的良好效果。因此，C選項“韓國在食物垃圾回收方面處于領先地位”是本文的最佳標題。故選C。
B(此篇精讀)
(2024·河北邯鄲高一下期中)
There are plenty of opportunities to study and work abroad.But some early-career scientists might face challenges adapting to different communication styles and different workplaces.However，supervisors(導師) and junior researchers can reduce the risk of misunderstandings by actively learning about each other’s cultures and expressing workplace expectations clearly.
It is important to be sensitive to cultural differences and to avoid misunderstandings.Nanda Dimitrov，director of Western University’s Teaching Support Centre in London，says that she personally experienced directness more often in the United Kingdom than in the United States.She points out that the relationship between junior researchers and supervisors is influenced by many factors including personality，former experiences and the department’s culture.
Keshun Zhang faced this issue after moving from China to the University of Konstanz in Germany to get his PhD in psychology.He was used to following teachers’ suggestions.But the culture in Germany always encourages you to argue，to fight for yourself.With his supervisor’s encouragement，he started pushing back.After his first year，his supervisor said，“Wow，finally you have learnt to say no.” Zhang also realized that he was expected to work independently(獨立地)．His supervisor urged him to try to solve problems on his own and to ask for guidance only if he became stuck.
“People sometimes brush off a student from another country as ‘rude’，but in their culture，they’re not，” says Amratia，who was a Kenya student at the University of Florida in Gainesville.“Researchers should also remember that their nation’s customs aren’t necessarily best.When you come from a different country，you don’t assume everybody should be doing things your way.I never cared if somebody was different from me as long as it didn’t seriously affect the rest of the lab，” Amratia said.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著出國學習和工作的機會增多，處于職業生涯早期的科研人員可能會面臨適應不同溝通方式和不同工作場所的挑戰。導師和初級研究人員可以通過積極了解彼此的文化并明確表達工作場所的期望來減少誤解的風險。
5．How do people going abroad avoid misunderstandings according to paragraph 1
A．By facing challenges bravely.
B．By introducing their own ideas.
C．By creating more communication chances.
D．By learning different cultures and expressing job expectations.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段中的“However，supervisors(導師) and junior researchers can reduce the risk of misunderstandings by actively learning about each other’s cultures and expressing workplace expectations clearly.”可知，出國在外的人可通過學習不同的文化和表達對工作的期望避免誤解。故選D。
6．What does Nanda’s experience tell us
A．Don’t be too sensitive to different cultures.
B．People should experience different cultures.
C．British are more direct than Americans.
D．The relation among junior researchers is simple.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Nanda Dimitrov...says that she personally experienced directness more often in the United Kingdom than in the United States.”可知，Nanda的經歷告訴我們英國人比美國人更直接。故選C。
7．Which of the following is the German preference
A．Trying to support one’s own opinions.
B．Accepting advice from elders.
C．Pushing back supervisor’s encouragement.
D．Turning to others for help often.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“But the culture in Germany always encourages you to argue，to fight for yourself.”可知，德國人更喜歡盡力支持自己的觀點。故選A。
8．What does Amratia suggest doing
A．Working independently and hard.
B．Respecting others’ different cultures.
C．Encouraging yourself to fight for yourself.
D．Talking with people with the same culture.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“‘...When you come from a different country，you don’t assume everybody should be doing things your way...’ Amratia said.”可知，Amratia建議尊重他人的不同文化。故選B。
[詞匯積累]
1．expectation(派)＝expect＋ation n．期待；預期
2．be sensitive to...對……敏感
3．directness(派)＝direct＋ness n．直率；直接
4．become stuck被困住；陷入困境
5．brush off不理會，打發
[句式分析]
She points out that the relationship between junior researchers and supervisors is influenced by many factors including personality，former experiences and the department’s culture.
分析：本句為復合句。that引導賓語從句，在從句中不充當任何成分，也無意義；including...為介詞短語作后置定語。
翻譯：她指出，初級研究員與導師的關系受到許多因素的影響，包括個性、以前的經歷和院系文化。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·山西高一下期中)
If you are visiting Austria，then you must certainly not miss out on some of the unique things to do in Austria. 1
Climbing the mountain of Grossglockner.
This is one of the high-altitude peaks(山峰) in Austria that have some unique features. 2 It is very nice for the hiking lovers and also many of the new tourists can travel here.There is very lesser difficulty in traveling the Grossglockner peak and any of the non-professional climbers can also hike here.As you move more upward on this mountain，you’ll get the view of the amazing region from the top.
3
Vienna is one of the very historic places here which is visited by a large number of visitors every year.There are a lot of music venues，museums，fantastic events，and places with amazing architecture.The cafes and restaurants can simply make you feel very nice here.The food here can simply give you some of the fantastic tastes of the local food which you can enjoy.The markets here are full of some beautiful souvenirs. 4
Enjoying the cultural events of Salzburg.
Salzburg is a place of a variety of cultural events that are filled with many of the historic glories.These events are visited by the local as well as foreign tourists.In Salzburg，you can even find many of the places which are filled with historic architecture. 5 This place is also well-known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s birthplace.The historic monuments(紀念館) and the places of film shooting are awesome here and exploring these places is one of the things to do in Salzburg Austria.
A．Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B．Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C．The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D．Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E．Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F．Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna Austria.
G．This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是在奧地利旅行時一定不能錯過的一些獨特的活動。
1．答案　D
解析　根據空前的“If you are visiting Austria，then you must certainly not miss out on some of the unique things to do in Austria.”并結合下文中的小標題介紹的是在奧地利的活動可知，此空應承上啟下，D選項符合語境。故選D。
2．答案　G
解析　根據空前的“This is one of the high-altitude peaks(山峰) in Austria that have some unique features.”可知，此處介紹的是一座位于奧地利的高海拔的山峰，結合空后的“It is very nice for the hiking lovers and also many of the new tourists can travel here.”可知，這座山峰適合喜歡遠足的游客，由此可知，此空講述的內容應與該山峰相關，G選項承接空前的內容，且空后的It指代選項中的“This peak”。故選G。
3．答案　A
解析　分析語篇可知，此空應為本段的主題句，根據空后的“Vienna is one of the very historic places here which is visited by a large number of visitors every year.There are a lot of music venues，museums，fantastic events，and places with amazing architecture.”可知，本段講述的內容與介紹維也納相關，A選項符合，且其中的“heritage”與空后的“one of the very historic places”內容相關。故選A。
4．答案　F
解析　根據空前的“The markets here are full of some beautiful souvenirs.”可知，此處講述的是在維也納的一些市場到處都是漂亮的紀念品，此空位于段尾，應是承接空前的內容，F選項符合語境，選項中的“those”指的是空前所提到的“beautiful souvenirs”，且“purchasing”對應空前的“markets”。故選F。
5．答案　C
解析　根據空前的“In Salzburg，you can even find many of the places which are filled with historic architecture.”可知，薩爾茨堡充滿了很多的歷史建筑，結合空后的“This place is also well-known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s birthplace.”可知，這是沃爾夫岡·阿瑪迪斯·莫扎特的出生地，由此可推斷，此空講述的內容應與一些著名的人或物相關，C選項提到了著名電影《音樂之聲》的拍攝地就是在薩爾茨堡，符合語境。故選C。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2024·河北高一下期中)
Guangzhou，a city located in the southern part of China，is famous for 1. (it) historical and cultural heritage as well as its unique food culture around the world.Among them，the most representative dish is the “dim sum” in Cantonese morning tea.
Dim sum，literally(字面上) translated as “touching heart”，is a term 2. (use) by Cantonese people to refer to traditional Chinese desserts and snacks.It originated in the Qing Dynasty and was originally served 3. breakfast for the nobility(貴族)．However，over time，dim sum 4. (become) a part of Guangzhou people’s daily life.Whether it’s morning or afternoon，you can see people enjoying this delicacy in tea houses.
The 5. (popular) of dim sum lies in its delicious taste.6. variety of dim sum is wide，including steamed rice rolls with chicken，rice noodle rolls，shrimp dumplings，siu mai，chicken feet，egg tarts and so on.Each type of dim sum has its unique production process and taste.For example，shrimp dumplings 7. (make) by mixing fresh shrimp and pork，and the outer skin is as thin as a cicada’s wing.Moreover，the inner filling is 8.______________(extreme) delicious.
In Guangzhou,9. (enjoy) dim sum is not just about tasting delicious food，but also a way of life and cultural experience.People will spend a lot of time in tea houses，sharing food，chatting，and enjoying life with friends and family.This lifestyle is called “drinking tea”，10._______________ is a necessary part of the lives of Guangzhou people.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了廣州特色食物點心的歷史、種類、特點及文化內涵。
1．答案　its
解析　考查代詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作定語，使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。
2．答案　used
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作后置定語，使用非謂語動詞，因與其邏輯主語term之間為被動關系，應使用過去分詞，故填used。
3．答案　as
解析　考查介詞。serve as為固定短語，含義為“作為……提供，用作”，符合句意，故填as。
4．答案　has become
解析　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作謂語，根據時間狀語over time可知句子表達的是過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，謂語動詞使用現在完成時，且主語dim sum不可數，助動詞用has，故填has become。
5．答案　popularity
解析　考查名詞。空處應填名詞作主語，表示點心受到人們的歡迎在于它的美味，故填popularity。
6．答案　The
解析　考查冠詞。分析句子結構可知，空處應使用定冠詞the特指點心的種類，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填The。
7．答案　are made
解析　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作謂語，因make與主語shrimp dumplings之間為被動關系，且句子表示的是一個客觀情況，謂語動詞使用一般現在時的被動語態，主語為復數，be動詞用are，故填are made。
8．答案　extremely
解析　考查副詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作狀語，修飾形容詞delicious，使用副詞，故填extremely。
9．答案　enjoying
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作主語，應使用動名詞，故填enjoying。
10．答案　which
解析　考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為drinking tea，在定語從句中作主語，應使用關系代詞which引導該從句，故填which。(共79張PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
History and
traditions
Unit 4
內容索引
情境導讀
語法精講
達標檢測
作業3
情境導讀
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成練習
The Amber(琥珀) Room was given this name because of several tons of amber ①used to make it.The ②selected amber had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.The government had the room ③designed in a unique style popular in those days.It was also a treasure ④decorated with gold and jewels，which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.
Later，Catherine Ⅱ got the Amber Room ⑤moved to a palace outside St.Petersburg where she spent her summers.Sadly，the Amber Room，⑥considered one of the wonders of the world，is now missing.
1.①②④⑥在句中作 ，其中②為 定語，①④⑥為 定語。
2.③⑤在句中作 。
3.過去分詞作定語時與它所修飾的詞構成 關系，過去分詞短語作定語放在被修飾詞之后，單個的過去分詞作定語可直接放于被修飾詞的________。過去分詞作賓語補足語時與賓語構成 關系。
返 回
定語
前置
賓語補足語
后置
被動
前面
被動
語法精講
過去分詞作定語
一、過去分詞作定語時的位置
一般情況下，單個的過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，相當于一個定語從句。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受傷的工人們現在正在醫院受到良好的照顧。
To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.
＝To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study which was conducted in Australia in 2012.
回到水污染的問題上，我想讓你看一下2012年在澳大利亞開展的一項研究。
溫馨提示
(1)有些過去分詞可以表示特定含義，單獨作定語時要放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所給的)，concerned(有關的)等。
There were a couple of seats left at the back.
后面還剩幾個座位。
(2)如果被修飾的詞是指示代詞those或something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代詞，單個的過去分詞作定語時要放在這些詞的后面。
He is one of those invited.
他是那些被邀請的人之一。
(3)有些過去分詞作定語時，前置和后置的意義不同。
The authorities concerned are to blame.
有關當局應受到指責。
She looked at me with a concerned look.
她帶著關切的表情望著我。
二、過去分詞作定語時的意義
1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，在語態上表示被動；在時間上，常表示動作已經發生或完成，有時只表示被動。
He is a teacher respected by all the students.
他是一位受所有學生尊敬的老師。(只表示被動)
The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.
會上提出的這項計劃將很快被執行。(表示完成和被動)
2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，不表示被動意義，只強調動作完成。
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早晨，升起的太陽正閃閃發光。
When I woke up the next morning，I found the ground was covered with fallen leaves.
當我第二天早上醒來時，發現地面被落葉覆蓋了。
3.與動詞-ing形式作定語的區別
動詞-ing形式作定語表主動或進行；而過去分詞作定語表被動或完成。
Do you know the boy standing over there (standing表示主動和進行)
你認識站在那邊的那個男孩嗎？
The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company.(built表示被動和完成)
2013年建造的這座橋是由當地一家公司設計的。
4.與動詞-ing形式的被動式(being done)和動詞不定式的被動式(to be done)作定語的區別
The meeting held yesterday is very important.(held表示已經完成的被動動作)
昨天開的會很重要。
All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held.(being held表示正在進行的被動動作)
這個隊的所有隊員都出席了正在舉行的會議。
It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow.(to be held表示將要發生的被動動作)據說明天這個大廳有個會議要舉行。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①The trees (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
②The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stand) in one corner.
③Tsinghua University， (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of great scientists.
④There will be a conference in half an hour and the problem _______________(discuss) at it is of great importance.
⑤The problem (discuss) now is difficult to deal with.
blown
standing
founded
to be discussed
being discussed
過去分詞作賓語補足語
過去分詞作賓語補足語時，過去分詞與賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系。
1.在表狀態的動詞keep，leave等后面。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving his breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，沒吃早飯就匆匆地去了辦公室。
2.在使役動詞have、get和make的后面。
(1)“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”可以表示兩種含義：“讓別人做某事”或“遭遇某種不幸”。
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane took off.
在飛機起飛前一個小時，克萊爾(讓安檢員)對她的行李進行了檢查。
While they were on holiday，they had/got their car broken into.
他們在度假時，他們的汽車被撬開了。
(2)在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞表示結果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他們用很簡單的英語來設法使自己被理解。
3.在感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
當我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家度過假期。
The next morning，people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人們發現他們房子外面的世界完全變了樣。
4.在表示“意愿，命令”的動詞like，want，wish，expect，order等后面。
The manager orders the work finished at the end of this week.
經理要求在本周末完成這項工作。
5.在“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準備放待煮的飯菜。
John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.
約翰收到一份宴請函，正好他的工作也做完了，于是他欣然接受了邀請。
6.過去分詞/動詞-ing形式/動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區別
(1)感官動詞后接復合賓語的比較
感官動詞(短語)(一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的賓語補足語主要有三種形式，以hear為例：
hear＋賓語＋
doing sth聽到……正在做……(主動、進行)
do sth聽到……做了……(主動、完成)
done聽到……被做(被動、完成或無時間性)
I heard her sing just now.(已經完成的主動動作)剛才我聽到她唱歌了。
I heard her singing when I met her by chance yesterday.(正在進行的主動動作)
昨天偶然遇見她時，我聽到她正在唱歌。
To study English well，we ought to find chances to hear English spoken as much as possible.(無時間性的被動)為了學好英語，我們應該尋找機會并盡可能多地聽別人說英語。
(2)使役動詞make，have，get，keep后加復合賓語的比較
①make＋賓語＋
do sth讓……做某事(主動)
done讓……被做(被動)
She made her workers work 12 hours a day.(主動)
她讓她的工人們每天工作12個小時。
She tried to make herself understood.(被動)
她盡量使自己被理解。
②have＋賓語＋
do sth使……做某事(主動)
doing sth使……持續做某事(主動、進行)
done使……被做(被動)
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。
He had us laughing all through the meal.
整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個不停。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上個月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。
③get＋賓語＋
to do sth使……做某事(主動)
doing sth使……開始做某事(主動)
done使……被做(被動)
He got me to post the letter for him.
他讓我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進。
I’ll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(請人)修一下我的手機。
④keep＋賓語＋
doing sth使……一直做某事(主動、進行)
done使……被做(被動)
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
對不起，讓你久等了。
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她緊閉雙眼，待在原地未動。
with＋
sb/sth doing(表示正在進行的主動動作)
sth done(表示已經完成的被動動作)
sth to do(表示將要發生的主動動作)
(3)with復合結構中賓語補足語的比較
With everything prepared well，they sighed in relief.一切準備就緒后，他們松了一口氣。
With a mass of tough problems to settle，the boss is having a hard time.
因為有很多難題要解決，這位老板的日子不好過。
[即時訓練2]　單句語法填空
①Before driving into the company，all the people are required to get their cars (wash).
②The boy made himself (hear) by shouting out all the answers.
③She fell asleep with the light (burn).
④With the problem (settle)，they have improved the quality of the products.
⑤With much work (do)，I can’t keep you company to the bookstore.
washed
heard
burning
settled
返 回
to do
達標檢測
1.當他醒來時，他發現自己被一群孩子圍著。
When he woke up，he .
2.如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重自己。
If you want to ，you are above all to respect yourself.
3.解決這一問題的關鍵就是滿足顧客提出的要求。
The key to solving the problem is to meet the demands________________
____________.
用過去分詞作定語或賓語補足語補全句子
found himself surrounded by a group of children
make yourself respected
made by the
customers
4.期待這些從全國選出的運動員在這次夏季比賽中能給我們帶來榮譽。
The players are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
5.由于卸下了極大的思想包袱，她成功地通過了所有考試。
With ，she passed all the tests successfully.
6.目前被談論的那個人精通外國文學。
The person has a good knowledge of foreign literature.
返 回
selected from the whole country
a great load taken off her mind
being talked about at present
作業3
1.The performers (choose) from the whole country will bring us a feast for the eyes.
2.To tell the truth，you must make every effort to improve your _______
(speak) English.
3.No matter how busy she is，Lily manages to get her work __________
(finish) on time.
4.I will attend a meeting (hold) at nine a.m. tomorrow.
5.When she returned home，she found the window open and something
(steal).
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
chosen
spoken
finished
to be held
stolen
6.My brother rushed out of home with the door (unlock) when his friend called him.
7.With lots of work (do) today，I can’t spare any time to go to the cinema.
8.Prices of daily goods (buy) online can be lower than store prices.
9.I heard the song (sing) several times last week.
10.Excuse me，but it is time to have your temperature (take).
unlocked
to do
bought
sung
taken
Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空
Li Hong once hated cycling and the bicycle 1. (lie) in the corner of the garage was never ridden.Later his father invited a 2._______
(retire) bike instructor to give him some instructions.In order to get into shape，he and his coach had an agreement 3.___________(reach).He must finish the task in the 4. ___________(give) time.With his coach’s words 5. (keep) in mind，he often covered a long distance.The method 6. (use) by his coach was very scientific and with time
7. (pass)，he made rapid progress.
lying
retired
reached
given
kept
used
passing
He decided to take part in a cycle race 8. (host) in the city centre，so he practised even harder.On the race day all the cyclists longed to win medals.During the match，he saw the audience beside the road 9.__________(wave) at him all the way and he was proud of himself.Finally，Li Hong won a gold medal，with tears of happiness
10. (stream) down his face.
waving
hosted
streaming
A
(2025·山東煙臺高一上期末)
As food waste breaks up in outdoor landfills，it often gives off carbon dioxide(CO2).This powerful gas speeds up the rise of temperature and climate change on earth.Experts figure that nearly a third of the world’s food，about 1.3 billion tons，is wasted annually.This waste generates a surprising 3.3 billion tons of greenhouse gases each year.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了韓國用一個名為“Jongyangje”的創造性堆肥系統處理食物垃圾，介紹了這一系統的工作原理以及取得的良好效果。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Most countries struggle with food waste management.However，South Korea stands out with its creative composting(堆肥) system called Jongyangje，which requires citizens to separate their food waste.Where available，they can deal with it in specialized electronic bins(垃圾箱) that direct citizens to pay for the waste based on the weight.
Those without electronic waste bins nearby must buy special compost bags.They range in price from 10 cents to $2，depending on their size.These bags can then be thrown into specially marked bins.Citizens who mix food waste with regular rubbish risk fines of up to $800.
The collected food waste is taken to composting facilities.Some of it is changed into biogas，a type of renewable energy used to power homes.The rest is turned into chicken and cattle feed.
Despite citizen contributions，Jongyangje is in need of an annual running cost of over $600 million.Additionally，not all food waste is recyclable(可回收利用的).Bones from animals like chickens can harm the recycling equipment.Moreover，some farmers are unwilling to use composted waste as fertilizer due to its high sodium content，which limits its usability.
However，the 20-year-old system has brought eye-catching results.The country recycles an impressive 98 percent of its 5.5 million tons of annual food waste.This far surpasses the US，which composts only 5 percent of its 60 million tons of annual food waste.This outstanding performance proves the effectiveness of government-citizen cooperation in managing food waste.
1.What can food waste result in when breaking up
A.Rising food prices. B.Energy shortage.
C.Worldwide starvation. D.Global warming.
√
細節理解題。根據第一段“As food waste breaks up in outdoor landfills，it often gives off carbon dioxide(CO2).This powerful gas speeds up the rise of temperature and climate change on earth.”可知，食物垃圾分解時會產生二氧化碳，而二氧化碳會加速氣溫上升和全球變暖。故選D。
解析
2.What’s the function of the electronic bins
A.To store special compost bags.
B.To separate the renewable waste.
C.To transport food waste conveniently.
D.To weigh the waste and collect payment.
√
細節理解題。根據第二段中“Where available，they can deal with it in specialized electronic bins(垃圾箱) that direct citizens to pay for the waste based on the weight.”可知，電子垃圾箱的功能是對廢物進行稱重并收取費用。故選D。
解析
3.What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about Jongyangje
A.Challenges faced by the system.
B.Tricky waste sorting process.
C.Technical problems during the running.
D.Resistance from the citizens.
√
段落大意題。根據第五段“...Jongyangje is in need of an annual running cost of over $600 million.Additionally，not all food waste is recyclable(可回收利用的)...Moreover，some farmers are unwilling to use composted waste as fertilizer due to its high sodium content，which limits its usability.”可知，本段主要告訴了我們這個系統面臨的挑戰。故選A。
解析
4.What can be the best title for the text
A.Importance of Composting in Environmental Protection
B.Food Waste Is Increasingly Affecting People’s Daily Life
C.South Korea Is Leading the Way in Food Waste Recycling
D.Government-citizen Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gases
√
標題歸納題。根據第二段中“However，South Korea stands out with its creative composting(堆肥) system called Jongyangje，which requires citizens to separate their food waste.”并結合全文內容可知，文章主要說明了韓國用一個名為“Jongyangje”的創造性堆肥系統處理食物垃圾，介紹了這一系統的工作原理以及取得的良好效果。因此，C選項“韓國在食物垃圾回收方面處于領先地位”是本文的最佳標題。故選C。
解析
B(此篇精讀)
(2024·河北邯鄲高一下期中)
There are plenty of opportunities to study and work abroad.But some early-career scientists might face challenges adapting to different communication styles and different workplaces.However，supervisors(導師) and junior researchers can reduce the risk of misunderstandings by actively learning about each other’s cultures and expressing workplace expectations clearly.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著出國學習和工作的機會增多，處于職業生涯早期的科研人員可能會面臨適應不同溝通方式和不同工作場所的挑戰。導師和初級研究人員可以通過積極了解彼此的文化并明確表達工作場所的期望來減少誤解的風險。
It is important to be sensitive to cultural differences and to avoid misunderstandings.Nanda Dimitrov，director of Western University’s Teaching Support Centre in London，says that she personally experienced directness more often in the United Kingdom than in the United States.She points out that the relationship between junior researchers and supervisors is influenced by many factors including personality，former experiences and the department’s culture.
Keshun Zhang faced this issue after moving from China to the University of Konstanz in Germany to get his PhD in psychology.He was used to following teachers’ suggestions.
But the culture in Germany always encourages you to argue，to fight for yourself.With his supervisor’s encouragement，he started pushing back.After his first year，his supervisor said，“Wow，finally you have learnt to say no.” Zhang also realized that he was expected to work independently(獨立地).His supervisor urged him to try to solve problems on his own and to ask for guidance only if he became stuck.
“People sometimes brush off a student from another country as ‘rude’，but in their culture，they’re not，” says Amratia，who was a Kenya student at the University of Florida in Gainesville.“Researchers should also remember that their nation’s customs aren’t necessarily best.
When you come from a different country，you don’t assume everybody should be doing things your way.I never cared if somebody was different from me as long as it didn’t seriously affect the rest of the lab，” Amratia said.
5.How do people going abroad avoid misunderstandings according to paragraph 1
A.By facing challenges bravely.
B.By introducing their own ideas.
C.By creating more communication chances.
D.By learning different cultures and expressing job expectations.
√
細節理解題。根據第一段中的“However，supervisors(導師) and junior researchers can reduce the risk of misunderstandings by actively learning about each other’s cultures and expressing workplace expectations clearly.”可知，出國在外的人可通過學習不同的文化和表達對工作的期望避免誤解。故選D。
解析
6.What does Nanda’s experience tell us
A.Don’t be too sensitive to different cultures.
B.People should experience different cultures.
C.British are more direct than Americans.
D.The relation among junior researchers is simple.
√
細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Nanda Dimitrov...says that she personally experienced directness more often in the United Kingdom than in the United States.”可知，Nanda的經歷告訴我們英國人比美國人更直接。故選C。
解析
7.Which of the following is the German preference
A.Trying to support one’s own opinions.
B.Accepting advice from elders.
C.Pushing back supervisor’s encouragement.
D.Turning to others for help often.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中的“But the culture in Germany always encourages you to argue，to fight for yourself.”可知，德國人更喜歡盡力支持自己的觀點。故選A。
解析
8.What does Amratia suggest doing
A.Working independently and hard.
B.Respecting others’ different cultures.
C.Encouraging yourself to fight for yourself.
D.Talking with people with the same culture.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“‘...When you come from a different country，you don’t assume everybody should be doing things your way...’ Amratia said.”可知，Amratia建議尊重他人的不同文化。故選B。
解析
1.expectation(派)＝expect＋ation n.期待；預期
2.be sensitive to...對……敏感
3.directness(派)＝direct＋ness n.直率；直接
4.become stuck被困住；陷入困境
5.brush off不理會，打發
詞匯積累
句式分析
She points out that the relationship between junior researchers and supervisors is influenced by many factors including personality，former experiences and the department’s culture.
分析：本句為復合句。that引導賓語從句，在從句中不充當任何成分，也無意義；including...為介詞短語作后置定語。
翻譯：她指出，初級研究員與導師的關系受到許多因素的影響，包括個性、以前的經歷和院系文化。
(2024·山西高一下期中)
If you are visiting Austria，
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是在奧地利旅行時一定不能錯過的一些獨特的活動。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
A.Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B.Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C.The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D.Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E.Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F.Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna
Austria.
G.This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
√
then you must certainly not miss out on some of the unique things to do in Austria. 1
根據空前的“If you are visiting Austria，then you must certainly not miss out on some of the unique things to do in Austria.”并結合下文中的小標題介紹的是在奧地利的活動可知，此空應承上啟下，D選項符合語境。故選D。
解析
A.Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B.Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C.The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D.Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E.Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F.Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna Austria.
G.This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
√
Climbing the mountain of Grossglockner.
This is one of the high-altitude peaks(山峰) in Austria that have some unique features. 2 It is very nice for the hiking lovers and also many of the new tourists can travel here.There is very lesser difficulty in traveling the Grossglockner peak and any of the non-professional climbers can also hike here.As you move more upward on this mountain，you’ll get the view of the amazing region from the top.
根據空前的“This is one of the high-altitude peaks(山峰) in Austria that have some unique features.”可知，此處介紹的是一座位于奧地利的高海拔的山峰，結合空后的“It is very nice for the hiking lovers and also many of the new tourists can travel here.”可知，這座山峰適合喜歡遠足的游客，由此可知，此空講述的內容應與該山峰相關，G選項承接空前的內容，且空后的It指代選項中的“This peak”。故選G。
解析
A.Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B.Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C.The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D.Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E.Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F.Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna Austria.
G.This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
√
3
Vienna is one of the very historic places here which is visited by a large number of visitors every year.There are a lot of music venues，museums，fantastic events，and places with amazing architecture.The cafes and restaurants can simply make you feel very nice here.
分析語篇可知，此空應為本段的主題句，根據空后的“Vienna is one of the very historic places here which is visited by a large number of visitors every year.There are a lot of music venues，museums，fantastic events，and places with amazing architecture.”可知，本段講述的內容與介紹維也納相關，A選項符合，且其中的“heritage”與空后的“one of the very historic places”內容相關。故選A。
解析
A.Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B.Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C.The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D.Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E.Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F.Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna
Austria.
G.This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
√
The food here can simply give you some of the fantastic tastes of the local food which you can enjoy.The markets here are full of some beautiful souvenirs. 4
根據空前的“The markets here are full of some beautiful souvenirs.”可知，此處講述的是在維也納的一些市場到處都是漂亮的紀念品，此空位于段尾，應是承接空前的內容，F選項符合語境，選項中的“those”指的是空前所提到的“beautiful souvenirs”，且“purchasing”對應空前的“markets”。故選F。
解析
A.Wandering in the heritage of Vienna city.
B.Enjoying the breathtaking views in Vienna city.
C.The popular The Sound of Music was filmed in this place.
D.Here，let’s look at the top things to do for tourists in Austria.
E.Actually，you will interact with natives in the markets and like the way they talk.
F.Without doubt，purchasing those is one of the best things to do in Vienna Austria.
G.This peak belongs to Alpine ranges with many amazing views observed from here.
√
Enjoying the cultural events of Salzburg.
Salzburg is a place of a variety of cultural events that are filled with many of the historic glories.These events are visited by the local as well as foreign tourists.In Salzburg，you can even find many of the places which are filled with historic architecture. 5 This place is also well-known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s birthplace.
根據空前的“In Salzburg，you can even find many of the places which are filled with historic architecture.”可知，薩爾茨堡充滿了很多的歷史建筑，結合空后的“This place is also well-known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s birthplace.”可知，這是沃爾夫岡·阿瑪迪斯·莫扎特的出生地，由此可推斷，此空講述的內容應與一些著名的人或物相關，C選項提到了著名電影《音樂之聲》的拍攝地就是在薩爾茨堡，符合語境。故選C。
解析
The historic monuments(紀念館) and the places of film shooting are awesome here and exploring these places is one of the things to do in Salzburg Austria.
Ⅴ.語法填空
(2024·河北高一下期中)
Guangzhou，a city located in the southern part of China，is famous for 1. (it) historical and cultural heritage as well as its unique food culture around the world. Among them，the most representative dish is the “dim sum” in Cantonese morning tea.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了廣州特色食物點心的歷史、種類、特點及文化內涵。
its
考查代詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作定語，使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。
解析
Dim sum，literally(字面上) translated as “touching heart”，is a term 2. (use) by Cantonese people to refer to traditional Chinese desserts and snacks.
used
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作后置定語，使用非謂語動詞，因與其邏輯主語term之間為被動關系，應使用過去分詞，故填used。
解析
It originated in the Qing Dynasty and was originally served 3.________
breakfast for the nobility(貴族).However，over time，dim sum 4.______
_________(become) a part of Guangzhou people’s daily life.Whether it’s morning or afternoon，you can see people enjoying this delicacy in tea houses.
as
3.考查介詞。serve as為固定短語，含義為“作為……提供，用作”，符合句意，故填as。
4.考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作謂語，根據時間狀語over time可知句子表達的是過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，謂語動詞使用現在完成時，且主語dim sum不可數，助動詞用has，故填has become。
解析
has
become
The 5. (popular) of dim sum lies in its delicious taste.6.________ variety of dim sum is wide，including steamed rice rolls with chicken，
popularity
The
5.考查名詞。空處應填名詞作主語，表示點心受到人們的歡迎在于它的美味，故填popularity。
6.考查冠詞。分析句子結構可知，空處應使用定冠詞the特指點心的種類，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填The。
解析
rice noodle rolls，shrimp dumplings，siu mai，chicken feet，egg tarts and so on.Each type of dim sum has its unique production process and taste.For example，shrimp dumplings 7. (make) by mixing fresh shrimp and pork，and the outer skin is as thin as a cicada’s wing.Moreover，the inner filling is 8.______________(extreme) delicious.
are made
extremely
7.考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作謂語，因make與主語shrimp dumplings之間為被動關系，且句子表示的是一個客觀情況，謂語動詞使用一般現在時的被動語態，主語為復數，be動詞用are，故填are made。
8.考查副詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作狀語，修飾形容詞delicious，使用副詞，故填extremely。
解析
In Guangzhou,9. (enjoy) dim sum is not just about tasting delicious food，but also a way of life and cultural experience.People will spend a lot of time in tea houses，sharing food，chatting，and enjoying life with friends and family.This lifestyle is called “drinking tea”，10._________ is a necessary part of the lives of Guangzhou people.
enjoying
which
9.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處在句子中作主語，應使用動名詞，故填enjoying。
10.考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為drinking tea，在定語從句中作主語，應使用關系代詞which引導該從句，故填which。
解析
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