資源簡介

Section Ⅲ 　Grammar and usage
一、動詞-ing形式作主語
[先感知]
①Teaching children about the natural world should be treated as one of the most important events in their lives.(人教選一U3)
②But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team’s competitive spirit.(外研選一U3)
③Taking notes can help you understand and remember better.(北師必修三U8)
[會發現]　句①②③中,動詞-ing形式作主語。
[明規則]
1.意義:動詞-ing形式作主語時常表示一般性的、習慣性的動作。
Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.(浙江卷)
不給予足夠的贊揚和給予太多(贊揚)一樣有害。
Being brought up in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young.
湯姆出生在一個貧困的家庭里,這讓他很小的時候就非常勤奮。
2.位置:①動詞-ing形式位于句首;②用it 作形式主語將動詞-ing后置。
用it作形式主語且動詞-ing作真正的主語的常見句型:
It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪費時間。
It is no good/use doing sth.做某事沒有用。
It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter.
與他爭辯這件事是浪費時間。
It is no use buying books but not reading them.買書而不讀是沒有意義的。
3.動詞-ing形式作主語時,可以有自己的邏輯主語以構成復合結構,其形式通常有兩種:
①形容詞性物主代詞+動詞-ing
②名詞所有格+動詞-ing
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他們前來幫忙對我們來說是巨大的鼓舞。
Mike’s returning to work is a great help to us.
邁克回來工作對我們來說是一大幫助。
4.謂語動詞的單復數
①單個動詞-ing形式作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數形式;
②當兩個或兩個以上表達不同意義的動詞-ing 形式作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。
Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours from here.
從這兒乘火車到杭州大約要花費16個小時。
Walking,running and cycling are all healthy forms of exercise.
散步、跑步和騎自行車都是有益健康的鍛煉形式。
小題集訓1　單句語法填空
①Producing (produce) food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.
②Generally speaking,admitting (admit)one’s mistakes in front of other people requires great courage.
③Writing (write) an essay is a difficult process for most people.
④It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.Having(have) the answers ready will be of great help.
⑤It’s a waste of time talking(talk) without doing anything.
⑥Their passing(pass) the examination made them delighted.
二、動詞-ing 形式作賓語
[先感知]
①However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,as it is not considered polite.(人教選必一U4)
②Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.(人教選必一U4)
③It was difficult,but he kept practising until he had achieved his goal.(外研選必一U2)
④Just over half(51%) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.(北師必修三U8)
[會發現]　句①②③④中,動詞-ing形式作賓語。
[明規則]　動詞-ing形式作賓語時,可位于動詞之后,也可位于介詞之后,具體用法如下:
1.常接動詞-ing 形式作賓語的(短語)動詞:appreciate(感激)、consider(思考)、delay(推遲)、avoid(避免)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、miss(錯過)、mean(意味著)、resist(抵制)、risk(冒……的風險)、suggest(建議)、mind(介意)、escape(避開)、admit(承認)、allow(允許)、give up(放棄)、insist on(堅決要求)、feel like(想要)、be used to(習慣于)、lead to(導致)、look forward to(期待,盼望)等。
He got well prepared for the interview,for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.
他為這次面試做好了準備,因為他不能冒險失去這一良機。
Do you mind passing me that dictionary
你把那本詞典遞給我好嗎
I have been looking forward to hearing from you.
我一直盼望著收到你的來信。
2.作介詞的賓語
動詞-ing形式位于介詞之后,構成介詞短語,在句中作定語或狀語。
The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook.
智慧就是懂得該忽略什么的藝術。
One never loses by doing a good turn.
[諺]行善者絕無一失。
After looking at his watch,he hurried to the station.
看了看表后,他匆忙趕往火車站。
3.動詞-ing 形式作賓語時可以有自己的邏輯主語以構成復合結構,其形式有以下幾種:
①形容詞性物主代詞+動詞-ing
②名詞所有格+動詞-ing
③代詞賓格+動詞-ing
④名詞+動詞-ing
Would you mind my/me using your cell phone
你介意我用你的手機嗎
I knew nothing about the window being open.
我一點兒也不知道窗戶開著。
小題集訓2　單句語法填空
①Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lot of time organizing (organize) activities in different clubs or associations.
②As a photographer,I have spent the last two years recording (record)everything I discovered.
③After studying (study)agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.
④A neighbour came to ask the band to quit making (make)noises when they practised at 11:00 pm.
⑤Can you imagine man living(live) on the moon
1.greet vt.問候,歡迎,招呼　·greeting n.問候,招呼　·greetings (pl.) 問候的話,賀詞
教材原文　The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any).　打算把音樂作為一種通用語言來問候太空中的智慧生命(如果有的話)。
感知　語言先輸入
①The clerk greeted James and his wife with a smile when they came into the bank.
②As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.(2022·全國甲卷)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)greet sb (with...) (用……)和某人打招呼(或問好);歡迎;迎接
greet sth with sth 對某事做出某種反應
be greeted by 被……迎接;受……歡迎;……映入眼簾;
傳入耳中(或鼻中)
(2)exchange greetings 互致問候
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①They exchanged greetings (greet) and sat down to lunch.
②They bowed to their mother as they greeted (greet)her.
③When she opened the door,she was greeted by a scene of confusion.
她打開門,一片混亂不堪的景象呈現在她的眼前。
2.get down to (doing) sth 開始做某事,開始認真注意(或對待)某事
教材原文　A group of scientists and artists got down to choosing suitable music.
一群科學家和藝術家開始選擇合適的音樂。
感知　語言先輸入
①She had compiled pages of notes,but she had not yet gotten down to doing the actual writing.
②The final exam is drawing near,so I must get down to reading the book.
記牢　知識再梳理
get across　　　 使通過;使被理解;把……講清楚
get over 越過;克服
get through 通過;接通電話;熬過困難時期
get away 逃脫;離開
get along/on with 相處;進展
get into 進入;陷入;染上(壞習慣);開始;參與
[名師點津]　get down to中的to是介詞,后面一般跟名詞或動詞-ing形式。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①If we get over the present difficulties,then everything should be all right.
②I’m sorry to hear that you have got into the habit of smoking.
③A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
④After Christmas I’m going to get down to some serious job-hunting.
⑤With the election out of the way,the government can get down to business.
選舉已結束,政府能夠著手處理正事了。
3.suitable adj.合適的,適宜的,適當的,適用的
·suit vt.適合;合(某人)心意 n.一套衣服;套裝　·suited adj.合適的;般配的
感知　語言先輸入
①A torch (手電筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)
②These clothes are not suitable to wear on formal occasions.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be suitable for... 　　　 適合于……
be suitable to do sth 適合做某事
(2)suit sb/sth 適合某人/某物
suit...to... 使……適合……
(3)be suited to/for... 適合于……
[名師點津]　“適當的”種種表達
①suitable合適的;適宜的
②appropriate適當的;合適的
③proper適當的;正當的
④fit適合的;合格的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I don’t have anything suitable (suit) to wear for the party.
②These colorful crayons are not suitable to use(use) in very hot weather.
③Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable for eating,so they are thrown away.
④It is suitable to carry some fruit when you go to your Chinese friend’s home for dinner.
當你去中國朋友家吃飯時,帶些水果是合適的。
[基礎語境練]
維度一　基礎填空題(每小題1分,共5分)
1.It’s no use arguing with him.
和他爭論是沒有用的。
2.It’s a waste of time waiting here.
在這里等是浪費時間的。
3.I regret not having accepted your advice.
我后悔沒聽你的勸告。
4.It is worthwhile helping him.
能夠幫助到他是值得的。
5.I couldn’t stop/help laughing as soon as I saw him yesterday.
昨天一見到他我忍不住笑了。
維度二　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.Reading (read) widely is necessary for you to enlarge your vocabulary.
2.I discover that listening (listen) to something that you’re interested in is the secret to language learning.
3.Being educated (educate) in a famous university is what most students desire for.
4.Being accustomed (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of sales director requires.
5.Keep in mind that it is no good reciting(recite) without understanding.
6.The young students are so energetic that I enjoy being surrounded(surround) by them.
7.TED is a non-profit organization devoted to ideas worth spreading (spread).
8.We would appreciate you letting (let) us know of the problems beforehand.
9.What made her parents excited was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university.
10.Charles often attempts to escape being fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
維度三　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共10分)
1.她忍受不了當眾被人看不起。
She can’t stand being looked down upon in public.
2.自從他退休以來他就一直夢想著沿絲綢之路旅行。
He has been dreaming of traveling along the Silk Road since he retired.
3.考試失敗使他們都很失望。
Their failing in the examination made them all very disappointed.
4.等待別人為你做決定是沒有用的。
It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
5.既然我們已經完成了工作,再待下去就沒有意義了。
Now that we have finished our work,there is no point staying any longer.
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題2分,共10分)
As the party went on,the topic turned to the coming festival.There was no doubt that 1.talking about Christmas(談論圣誕節) made everyone extremely excited.However,2.being in a new environment (置身新環境里) made Kelly totally silent,a sense of loss creeping up on her.Jennifer’s 3.being aware of what happened (意識到發生了什么) drove her to ask,“Kelly,what do Thai people celebrate at this time ” The other kids 4.couldn’t resist asking her(忍不住問她) with overwhelming curiosity.“5.Celebrating a grand festival(慶祝一個大型的節日) to thank the Mother of Water is what we usually do.”
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
When Adele released (發行) her 2011 single Someone Like You,this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide. More than a decade later,it remains one of her most popular songs. Her artistry,as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats,has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss.
Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain,according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences.
“It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache,but music can help reduce your pain,” said Patrick Stroman,a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston,Ontario. He didn’t join in the study. “Unlike other medications,” he noted,“there is no side effect or risk in listening to music (just keep the volume at a reasonable level).”
The small study invited 63 young adults to bring one of their favorite songs. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. All the while,the researchers stuck a hot object—similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on the participants’ skin—to their left inner forearms. When rating their experiences,people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs.
With millions of songs available,one person’s favorite song is likely not the same as another. After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain,the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes (主題).
“It’s a very cool result,” said lead study author Darius Valevicius,a doctoral student of neurosciences at the University of Montreal. “I think it’s why I myself and probably many people choose to listen to bittersweet or even spiritual music.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究發現——某些類型的音樂能夠幫助你減輕痛苦。
1.Why does the author mention Adele in the first paragraph
A.To reach a conclusion.
B.To lead in the topic.
C.To offer a suggestion.
D.To provide the background.
答案　B　[寫作意圖題。根據第一段可推斷,作者在第一段提到Adele是為了引出話題,說明她的音樂能夠引起聽眾的情感共鳴,并引出音樂對減輕疼痛的研究。故選B項。]
2.What is Stroman’s attitude to the effect of listening to music
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned.
答案　B　[觀點態度題。根據第三段“‘It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache,but music can help reduce your pain,’”和“there is no side effect or risk in listening to music”可知,音樂可以幫助減輕你的疼痛,聽音樂沒有副作用或風險(只需將音量保持在合理的水平),可推斷Stroman對于聽音樂減輕痛苦的效果持“肯定的”態度。故選B項。]
3.What did the participants do in the new study
A.They reported their feelings of pain.
B.They interviewed many musicians.
C.They made various kinds of teacups.
D.They picked out the music they don’t like.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第四段“When rating their experiences,people were...the unfamiliar relaxing songs.”可知,研究的參與者會在實驗中報告他們對于痛苦的感受。故選A項。]
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.When Is the Best Time to Listen to Music
B.How Do You Create Popular Songs Quickly
C.The Best Way to Reduce Pain Might Be to Write Music
D.Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain
答案　D　[標題歸納題。根據第二段“Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain”和“And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences.”可知,某些類型的音樂能夠幫助你減輕痛苦。故短文的標題為“某些類型的音樂可以幫助你減輕痛苦”。故選D項。]
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
When visiting China in early April,French President Emmanuel Macron enjoyed a music performance during his trip to Guangdong,Chinese music High Mountains and Flowing Water 1.　　　　　　(play)with a 1,267-year-old Chinese instrument guqin.
The guqin is a seven-stringed plucked instrument,which 2.　　　　　　(pass)down for more than 3,000 years so far.On November 7,2003,Chinese guqin art was listed by UNESCO as a masterpiece of oral and intangible heritage of humanity,3.　　　　　　(make)it an important spiritual treasure.
The guqin is divided 4.　　　　　　 two parts: the physical instrument,which is a static material heritage,and the art of the guqin,a dynamic intangible cultural heritage.The key to learning to play the guqin is how 5.　　　　　　 (express)the connotations of ancient music with your own emotions.Dong,6.　　　　　　 enthusiast of guqin,said that compared with other traditional instruments such as the pipa and guzheng,the guqin can make her 7.　　　　　　 (happy)and improve her cultural knowledge.
Through playing the guqin,people have more knowledge and a better understanding of traditional culture.Because the guqin is 8.　　　　　　 (close)linked to poetry,painting,calligraphy and history,these elements complement each other.
The guqin is the earliest plucked instrument and it has deep cultural 9.　　　　　　 (root)in China.Unlike other musical instruments,the guqin is more about the dialogue between the player and the audience’s own soul.“The sound of the guqin can be integrated into my soul,and this is 10.　　　　　　 I want,” Dong added.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了古琴在中國音樂中的地位和意義。
1.played　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,本句謂語為enjoyed,故本空為非謂語。Chinese music High Mountains and Flowing Water與play為邏輯上的動賓關系,故用過去分詞played,作后置定語。故答案為played。]
2.has been passed　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知,which引導定語從句,修飾The guqin,本空為從句謂語。 由more than 3,000 years so far判斷,從句用現在完成時;從句主語which代替The guqin,與pass為被動關系,故用現在完成時的被動語態。The guqin為第三人稱單數,助動詞用has。故答案為has been passed。]
3.making　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,was listed為句子謂語,故本空為非謂語。此處表示自然而然的結果,故填動詞-ing形式making作結果狀語。故答案為making。]
4.into　[考查介詞。句意:古琴分為兩部分:實物樂器,這是一種靜態的物質遺產;古琴藝術,這是一種動態的非物質文化遺產。divide...into...意為“把……分成……”,為固定短語。主語The guqin與divide為被動關系,故用is divided into。故答案為into。]
5.to express　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:學習演奏古琴的關鍵是如何用自己的情感表達古樂的內涵。分析句子結構可知,how 　　　　the connotations of ancient music with your own emotions為句子的表語。動詞express意為“表達”。用“特殊疑問詞+不定式”的結構在句中作表語。故答案為to express。]
6.an　[考查冠詞。由空后發音以元音音素開頭的可數名詞單數enthusiast (愛好者)可知,本空填不定冠詞an,表示泛指。故答案為an。]
7.happier　[考查比較等級。由空前的compared with other traditional instruments可知,本空填happy的比較級happier,作賓語補足語。故答案為happier。]
8.closely　[考查詞性轉換。句意:因為古琴與詩歌、繪畫、書法和歷史緊密相連,這些元素相輔相成。分析句子結構可知,本空填副詞closely,意為“緊密地”,表示程度上的“緊密”,作狀語,修飾動詞短語is linked to。故答案為closely。]
9.roots　[考查名詞的數。句意:古琴是最早的彈撥樂器,在中國有著深厚的文化底蘊。root意為“根,基礎”,為可數名詞。cultural roots意為“文化根源”,此處用復數表示泛指。故答案為roots。]
10.what　[考查名詞性從句。句意:“古琴的聲音可以融入我的靈魂,這就是我想要的。”董補充道。分析句子結構可知,is后為表語從句,故用引導詞what作動詞want的賓語。故答案為what。]
文本資源——說一千道一萬,記住單詞是關鍵
主題單詞 閱讀理解:artistry n.藝術技巧　heartbreak n.心碎 語法填空:masterpiece n.代表作;杰作;名著　spiritual adj.精神的;心靈的
主題詞塊 閱讀理解:bittersweet and emotional experiences苦樂參半的情感體驗 語法填空:seven-stringed plucked instrument七弦彈撥樂器　intangible heritage of humanity人類非物質文化遺產　dynamic intangible cultural heritage動態非物質文化遺產
熟詞生義 閱讀理解:beat n.熟義:(鼓的)一擊;(翅的)一振;(心臟等的)跳動　生義:n.(音樂、詩歌等的)主節奏,節拍 This type of music has a strong beat to it.這種音樂節奏感很強。
難句剖析 閱讀理解:When rating their experiences,people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs. [譯文]　在評價他們的體驗時,與聽不熟悉的放松歌曲相比,人們更有可能在聽自己喜歡的歌曲時感到更少的痛苦。 [分析]　主句是people were more likely to report feeling less pain,When rating和when listening是狀語從句的省略,compared with...是過去分詞短語作狀語。(共59張PPT)
Section Ⅲ 　Grammar and usage
語法知識過關
內
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索
引
課時測評作業
語言知識精析
語 法 知 識 過 關
Grammar——非限制性定語從句
一、動詞－ing形式作主語
[先感知]
①Teaching children about the natural world should be treated as one of the most important events in their lives.(人教選一U3)
②But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team’s competitive spirit.(外研選一U3)
③Taking notes can help you understand and remember better.
(北師必修三U8)
[會發現]　句①②③中,動詞－ing形式作　　　　　　　　。
[明規則]
1.意義:動詞－ing形式作主語時常表示一般性的、習慣性的動作。
Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.(浙江卷) 不給予足夠的贊揚和給予太多(贊揚)一樣有害。
Being brought up in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young.
湯姆出生在一個貧困的家庭里,這讓他很小的時候就非常勤奮。
主語
2.位置:①動詞－ing形式位于句首;②用it 作形式主語將動詞－ing后置。
用it作形式主語且動詞－ing作真正的主語的常見句型:
It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪費時間。
It is no good/use doing sth.做某事沒有用。
It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter.
與他爭辯這件事是浪費時間。
It is no use buying books but not reading them.
買書而不讀是沒有意義的。
3.動詞－ing形式作主語時,可以有自己的邏輯主語以構成復合結構,其形式通常有兩種:
①形容詞性物主代詞＋動詞－ing
②名詞所有格＋動詞－ing
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他們前來幫忙對我們來說是巨大的鼓舞。
Mike’s returning to work is a great help to us.
邁克回來工作對我們來說是一大幫助。
4.謂語動詞的單復數
①單個動詞－ing形式作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數形式;
②當兩個或兩個以上表達不同意義的動詞－ing 形式作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。
Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours from here.
從這兒乘火車到杭州大約要花費16個小時。
Walking,running and cycling are all healthy forms of exercise.
散步、跑步和騎自行車都是有益健康的鍛煉形式。
小題集訓1　單句語法填空
①　　　　　　 (produce) food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.
②Generally speaking,　　　　　　　　　　 (admit)one’s mistakes in front of other people requires great courage.
③　　　　　　 (write) an essay is a difficult process for most people.
④It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.　　　　　　(have) the answers ready will be of great help.
Producing
admitting
Writing
Having
⑤It’s a waste of time 　　　　　　(talk) without doing anything.
⑥Their 　　　　　　(pass) the examination made them delighted.
talking
passing
二、動詞－ing 形式作賓語
[先感知]
①However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,as it is not considered polite.(人教選必一U4)
②Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.(人教選必一U4)
③It was difficult,but he kept practising until he had achieved his goal.(外研選必一U2)
④Just over half(51％) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.(北師必修三U8)
[會發現]　句①②③④中,動詞－ing形式作　　　　　　　　　。
賓語
[明規則]　動詞－ing形式作賓語時,可位于動詞之后,也可位于介詞之后,具體用法如下:
1.常接動詞－ing 形式作賓語的(短語)動詞:appreciate(感激)、consider(思考)、delay(推遲)、avoid(避免)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、miss(錯過)、mean(意味著)、resist(抵制)、risk(冒……的風險)、suggest(建議)、mind(介意)、escape(避開)、admit(承認)、allow(允許)、give up(放棄)、insist on(堅決要求)、feel like(想要)、be used to(習慣于)、lead to(導致)、look forward to(期待,盼望)等。
He got well prepared for the interview,for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.
他為這次面試做好了準備,因為他不能冒險失去這一良機。
Do you mind passing me that dictionary
你把那本詞典遞給我好嗎
I have been looking forward to hearing from you.　
我一直盼望著收到你的來信。
2.作介詞的賓語
動詞－ing形式位于介詞之后,構成介詞短語,在句中作定語或狀語。
The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook.
智慧就是懂得該忽略什么的藝術。
One never loses by doing a good turn.
[諺]行善者絕無一失。
After looking at his watch,he hurried to the station.　
看了看表后,他匆忙趕往火車站。
3.動詞－ing 形式作賓語時可以有自己的邏輯主語以構成復合結構,其形式有以下幾種:
①形容詞性物主代詞＋動詞－ing
②名詞所有格＋動詞－ing
③代詞賓格＋動詞－ing
④名詞＋動詞－ing
Would you mind my/me using your cell phone 　
你介意我用你的手機嗎
I knew nothing about the window being open.
我一點兒也不知道窗戶開著。
小題集訓2　單句語法填空
①Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lot of time ___________(organize) activities in different clubs or associations.
②As a photographer,I have spent the last two years ______________ (record)everything I discovered.
③After 　　　　　　(study)agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.
④A neighbour came to ask the band to quit____________ (make) noises when they practised at 11:00 pm.
⑤Can you imagine man 　　　　　　(live) on the moon
organizing
recording
studying
making
living
語 言 知 識 精 析
1.greet vt.問候,歡迎,招呼　·greeting n.問候,招呼　
·greetings (pl.) 問候的話,賀詞
教材原文　The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any).　
打算把音樂作為一種通用語言來問候太空中的智慧生命(如果有的話)。
感知　語言先輸入
①The clerk greeted James and his wife with a smile when they came into the bank.
②As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.(2022·全國甲卷)
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)greet sb (with...) (用……)和某人打招呼(或問好);歡迎;迎接
greet sth with sth 對某事做出某種反應
be greeted by 被……迎接;受……歡迎;……映入眼簾;
傳入耳中(或鼻中)
(2)exchange greetings 互致問候
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①They exchanged 　　　　　　　　 (greet) and sat down to lunch.
②They bowed to their mother as they _________________(greet)her.
③When she opened the door,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她打開門,一片混亂不堪的景象呈現在她的眼前。
greetings
greeted
was greeted by a scene of confusion
2.get down to (doing) sth 開始做某事,開始認真注意(或對待)某事
教材原文　A group of scientists and artists got down to choosing suitable music. 一群科學家和藝術家開始選擇合適的音樂。
感知　語言先輸入
①She had compiled pages of notes,but she had not yet gotten down to doing the actual writing.
②The final exam is drawing near,so I must get down to reading the book.
記牢　知識再梳理
get across　　　 使通過;使被理解;把……講清楚
get over 越過;克服
get through 通過;接通電話;熬過困難時期
get away 逃脫;離開
get along/on with 相處;進展
get into 進入;陷入;染上(壞習慣);開始;參與
[名師點津]　get down to中的to是介詞,后面一般跟名詞或動詞－ing形式。
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①If we get 　　　　　　the present difficulties,then everything should be all right.
②I’m sorry to hear that you have got 　　　　　 the habit of smoking.
③A smile can help us get 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
over
into
through
④After Christmas I’m going to get down 　　　　　　some serious job－hunting.
⑤With the election out of the way,the government can
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
選舉已結束,政府能夠著手處理正事了。
to
get down to business
3.suitable adj.合適的,適宜的,適當的,適用的
·suit vt.適合;合(某人)心意 n.一套衣服;套裝　
·suited adj.合適的;般配的
感知　語言先輸入
①A torch (手電筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)
②These clothes are not suitable to wear on formal occasions.
記牢　知識再梳理
(1)be suitable for... 　　　 適合于……
be suitable to do sth 適合做某事
(2)suit sb/sth 適合某人/某物
suit...to... 使……適合……
(3)be suited to/for... 適合于……
[名師點津]　“適當的”種種表達
①suitable合適的;適宜的 ②appropriate適當的;合適的
③proper適當的;正當的 ④fit適合的;合格的
運用　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I don’t have anything 　　　　　　(suit) to wear for the party.
②These colorful crayons are not suitable 　　　　　　(use) in very hot weather.
③Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable _______________ eating,so they are thrown away.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when you go to your Chinese friend’s home for dinner.
當你去中國朋友家吃飯時,帶些水果是合適的。
suitable
to use
for
It is suitable to carry some fruit
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
[基礎語境練]
維度一 基礎填空題(每小題1分,共5分)
1.It’s no use with him.
和他爭論是沒有用的。
2.It’s a waste of time here.
在這里等是浪費時間的。
3.I regret not accepted your advice.
我后悔沒聽你的勸告。
arguing
waiting
having
4.It is worthwhile him.
能夠幫助到他是值得的。
5.I couldn’t stop/help as soon as I saw him yesterday.
昨天一見到他我忍不住笑了。
helping
laughing
維度二 單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1. (read) widely is necessary for you to enlarge your vocabulary.
2.I discover that (listen) to something that you’re interested in is the secret to language learning.
3. (educate) in a famous university is what most students desire for.
Reading
listening
Being educated
4. (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of sales director requires.
5.Keep in mind that it is no good (recite) without understanding.
6.The young students are so energetic that I enjoy________________ (surround) by them.
7.TED is a non-profit organization devoted to ideas worth__________ (spread).
Being accustomed
reciting
being surrounded
spreading
8.We would appreciate you (let) us know of the problems beforehand.
9.What made her parents excited was her (admit) to her dream university.
10.Charles often attempts to escape (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
letting
being admitted
being fined
維度三 語法與寫作(每小題2分,共10分)
1.她忍受不了當眾被人看不起。

2.自從他退休以來他就一直夢想著沿絲綢之路旅行。

3.考試失敗使他們都很失望。

She can’t stand being looked down upon in public.
He has been dreaming of traveling along the Silk Road since he retired.
Their failing in the examination made them all very disappointed.
4.等待別人為你做決定是沒有用的。

5.既然我們已經完成了工作,再待下去就沒有意義了。


It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
Now that we have finished our work,there is no point staying any longer.
維度四 語法與語篇(每小題2分,共10分)
As the party went on,the topic turned to the coming festival. There was no doubt that 1. (談論圣誕節) made everyone extremely excited.However,2._____________________ ____________(置身新環境里) made Kelly totally silent,a sense of loss creeping up on her.Jennifer’s 3. (意識到發生了什么) drove her to ask,“Kelly,what do Thai people celebrate at this time ” The other kids 4. (忍不住問她) with overwhelming curiosity.“5. (慶祝一個大型的節日) to thank the Mother of Water is what we usually do.”
talking about Christmas
being in a new
environment
being aware of what happened
couldn’t resist asking her
Celebrating a grand festival
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
When Adele released (發行) her 2011 single Someone Like You,this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide. More than a decade later,it remains one of her most popular songs. Her artistry,as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats,has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss.
Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain,according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences.
“It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache,but music can help reduce your pain,” said Patrick Stroman,a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston,Ontario. He didn’t join in the study. “Unlike other medications,” he noted,“there is no side effect or risk in listening to music (just keep the volume at a reasonable level).”
The small study invited 63 young adults to bring one of their favorite songs. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. All the while,the researchers stuck a hot object—similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on the participants’ skin—to their left inner forearms. When rating their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs.
With millions of songs available,one person’s favorite song is likely not the same as another. After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain,the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes (主題).
“It’s a very cool result,” said lead study author Darius Valevicius,a doctoral student of neurosciences at the University of Montreal. “I think it’s why I myself and probably many people choose to listen to bittersweet or even spiritual music.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究發現——某些類型的音樂能夠幫助你減輕痛苦。
1.Why does the author mention Adele in the first paragraph
A.To reach a conclusion.
B.To lead in the topic.
C.To offer a suggestion.
D.To provide the background.
解析　寫作意圖題。根據第一段可推斷,作者在第一段提到Adele是為了引出話題,說明她的音樂能夠引起聽眾的情感共鳴,并引出音樂對減輕疼痛的研究。故選B項。
√
2.What is Stroman’s attitude to the effect of listening to music
A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned.
解析　觀點態度題。根據第三段“‘It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache,but music can help reduce your pain,’”和“there is no side effect or risk in listening to music”可知,音樂可以幫助減輕你的疼痛,聽音樂沒有副作用或風險(只需將音量保持在合理的水平),可推斷Stroman對于聽音樂減輕痛苦的效果持“肯定的”態度。故選B項。
√
3.What did the participants do in the new study
A.They reported their feelings of pain.
B.They interviewed many musicians.
C.They made various kinds of teacups.
D.They picked out the music they don’t like.
解析　細節理解題。根據第四段“When rating their experiences,people were...the unfamiliar relaxing songs.”可知,研究的參與者會在實驗中報告他們對于痛苦的感受。故選A項。
√
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.When Is the Best Time to Listen to Music
B.How Do You Create Popular Songs Quickly
C.The Best Way to Reduce Pain Might Be to Write Music
D.Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain
解析　標題歸納題。根據第二段“Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain”和“And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences.”可知,某些類型的音樂能夠幫助你減輕痛苦。故短文的標題為“某些類型的音樂可以幫助你減輕痛苦”。故選D項。
√
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
When visiting China in early April,French President Emmanuel Macron enjoyed a music performance during his trip to Guangdong,Chinese music High Mountains and Flowing Water 1.____ (play)with a 1,267-year-old Chinese instrument guqin.
The guqin is a seven-stringed plucked instrument,which 2._____ (pass)down for more than 3,000 years so far.On November 7,2003, Chinese guqin art was listed by UNESCO as a masterpiece of oral and intangible heritage of humanity,3.　　　　　　(make)it an important spiritual treasure.
The guqin is divided 4.　　　　　　 two parts: the physical instrument,which is a static material heritage,and the art of the guqin,a dynamic intangible cultural heritage.The key to learning to play the guqin is how 5.　　　　　　 (express)the connotations of ancient music with your own emotions.Dong,6._________ enthusiast of guqin,said that compared with other traditional instruments such as the pipa and guzheng,the guqin can make her 7._________ (happy) and improve her cultural knowledge.
Through playing the guqin,people have more knowledge and a better understanding of traditional culture.Because the guqin is 8.　　　　　　 (close)linked to poetry,painting,calligraphy and history,these elements complement each other.
The guqin is the earliest plucked instrument and it has deep cultural 9.　　　　　　 (root)in China.Unlike other musical instruments,the guqin is more about the dialogue between the player and the audience’s own soul.“The sound of the guqin can be integrated into my soul,and this is 10.　　　　　　 I want,” Dong added.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了古琴在中國音樂中的地位和意義。
1.played　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,本句謂語為enjoyed,故本空為非謂語。Chinese music High Mountains and Flowing Water與play為邏輯上的動賓關系,故用過去分詞played,作后置定語。故答案為played。]
2.has been passed　[考查時態語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知,which引導定語從句,修飾The guqin,本空為從句謂語。 由more than 3,000 years so far判斷,從句用現在完成時;從句主語which代替The guqin,與pass為被動關系,故用現在完成時的被動語態。The guqin為第三人稱單數,助動詞用has。故答案為has been passed。]
3.making　[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,was listed為句子謂語,故本空為非謂語。此處表示自然而然的結果,故填動詞-ing形式making作結果狀語。故答案為making。]
4.into　[考查介詞。句意:古琴分為兩部分:實物樂器,這是一種靜態的物質遺產;古琴藝術,這是一種動態的非物質文化遺產。divide...into...意為“把……分成……”,為固定短語。主語The guqin與divide為被動關系,故用is divided into。故答案為into。]
5.to express　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:學習演奏古琴的關鍵是如何用自己的情感表達古樂的內涵。分析句子結構可知,how 　　　　the connotations of ancient music with your own emotions為句子的表語。動詞express意為“表達”。用“特殊疑問詞+不定式”的結構在句中作表語。故答案為to express。]
6.an　[考查冠詞。由空后發音以元音音素開頭的可數名詞單數enthusiast (愛好者)可知,本空填不定冠詞an,表示泛指。故答案為an。]
7.happier　[考查比較等級。由空前的compared with other traditional instruments可知,本空填happy的比較級happier,作賓語補足語。故答案為happier。]
8.closely　[考查詞性轉換。句意:因為古琴與詩歌、繪畫、書法和歷史緊密相連,這些元素相輔相成。分析句子結構可知,本空填副詞closely,意為“緊密地”,表示程度上的“緊密”,作狀語,修飾動詞短語is linked to。故答案為closely。]
9.roots　[考查名詞的數。句意:古琴是最早的彈撥樂器,在中國有著深厚的文化底蘊。root意為“根,基礎”,為可數名詞。cultural roots意為“文化根源”,此處用復數表示泛指。故答案為roots。]
10.what　[考查名詞性從句。句意:“古琴的聲音可以融入我的靈魂,這就是我想要的。”董補充道。分析句子結構可知,is后為表語從句,故用引導詞what作動詞want的賓語。故答案為what。]
文本資源——說一千道一萬,記住單詞是關鍵
主題單詞 閱讀理解:artistry n.藝術技巧　heartbreak n.心碎
語法填空:masterpiece n.代表作;杰作;名著　spiritual adj.精神的;心靈的
主題詞塊 閱讀理解:bittersweet and emotional experiences
苦樂參半的情感體驗
語法填空:seven-stringed plucked instrument七弦彈撥樂器　intangible heritage of humanity人類非物質文化遺產　dynamic intangible cultural heritage動態非物質文化遺產
熟詞生義 閱讀理解:beat n.熟義:(鼓的)一擊;(翅的)一振;(心臟等的)跳動　生義:n.(音樂、詩歌等的)主節奏,節拍
This type of music has a strong beat to it.這種音樂節奏感很強。
難句剖析 閱讀理解:When rating their experiences,people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs.
[譯文]　在評價他們的體驗時,與聽不熟悉的放松歌曲相比,人們更有可能在聽自己喜歡的歌曲時感到更少的痛苦。
[分析]　主句是people were more likely to report feeling less pain,When rating和when listening是狀語從句的省略,compared with...是過去分詞短語作狀語。
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