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UNIT 1 Food matters ——飲食健康
主題語境:人與社會——飲食文化
大觀念之單元話題:本單元主題在“人與社會”的主題語境下,探討了各國的飲食文化。涉及的語篇類型多樣,有視頻、雜志文章、博客文章、食譜等。旨在幫助學生認識到飲食文化在跨文化交際中的重要作用。并且引導青少年通過飲食了解不同國家及地域的不同文化。
①launch　/l nt / v.發動,發起;上市,發行
②undernourished / nd n r t/ adj.營養不良
③consecutive /k n sekj t v/　adj.連續的,不間斷的
④mechanism/ mek n z m/n.機制
⑤frugality/fru ɡ l ti/n.儉省,節儉
⑥legislation/ led s le n/n.法規;立法
類文悅讀·情境導學
　　中國加大了減少糧食浪費的力度,以改革其糧食系統,實現聯合國2030年議程的目標之一:零饑餓。
China launches① anti-food waste campaign amid global food crisis
China has stepped up efforts to reduce food waste as an effort to reform its food systems and to meet one of the goals of UN 2030 Agenda: Zero Hunger,as a recent UN report warned that the world is on the verge of the worst food crisis in 50 years and almost 690 million people in the world were undernourished② in 2019.
Though China doesn’t face a food crisis and has bumper harvests in consecutive③ years,the Chinese President still stressed that people should “maintain a sense of crisis about food security” and urged relevant departments to build a long-term mechanism④ to stop food wastage.
In China,the Constitution stipulates that the state should practice frugality⑤ and oppose waste. China’s agricultural law also regulates that citizens should cherish and save food. Other laws like the environmental law,consumer rights protection law and food security law advocate that all parties shall avoid wasting resources and polluting the environment. But legal experts say the concepts are vague and not specific enough.
Zhang Guilong,an official of the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress,told CCTV that the committee,together with other departments,is conducting research to strengthen legislation⑥ regarding food waste. They are going to make specific and clear provisions in food production,storage,transportation,processing and consumption stages to reduce waste.
Globally,some environmentalists say the waste of food is also a waste of water,land,energy and other earth resources,resulting in greenhouse gas emissions and other forms of environmental pollution.
The UN warned in its report that without efforts to reform global food systems,its target of zero hunger by 2030 will be missed.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the picture,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
答案: I think this passage will be about food. It is likely that we will learn a lot about different types of food from different countries or areas.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The food that makes us healthy.
B.The food that often makes us think of happy memories.
C.The food that is full of lovely creamy flavour.
D.The food that may let us forget bad feelings.
答案　B
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Give the definition of comfort food and narrow down the topic which will be discussed in this article.
Para.2 B.Talk about one kind of comfort food linked with positive emotions in our memories.
Para.3 C.Make a conclusion.
Para.4 D.Introduce the topic of “comfort food” by describing the author’s personal experience.
Para.5 E.Talk about the other kind of comfort food related to one’s sense of belonging and cultural roots.
答案:Para.1 D　Para.2 A　Para.3 B Para.4 E　Para.5 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What did the author do when she stayed in her grandma’s flat
A.She always made rice pudding by herself.
B.She always told some wonderful stories to her grandma.
C.She enjoyed her grandma’s rice pudding very much.
D.She invented a new recipe for her grandma.
2.Which word can replace the word “combination” in paragraph 1
A.Mixture. B.Choice.
C.Design. D.Devotion.
3.What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.Comfort food refers to the food that makes us healthy.
B.Comfort food often makes us think of happy memories.
C.When we are sad,we must eat much rice pudding.
D.Comfort food often reminds us of the people we dislike.
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE
A.Chicken soup often reminds us of some bad emotions.
B.It’s very easy to give up the food you grow up with.
C.Comfort food is helpful for those moving back to their motherland.
D.Comfort food is helpful for those moving away from their motherland.
5.What is the author’s purpose for writing this article
A.To tell us the definition of comfort food.
B.To tell us why food can comfort us.
C.To tell us what her comfort food is.
D.To tell us that food can not only keep us alive and healthy,but also benefit us emotionally by lifting our spirits.
答案　1.C　2.A　3.B　4.D　5.D
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.Of course,each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from—for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar,and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips,served hot,salty and sour.(P3 Para.4)
[學會斷句]　此句為并列復合句。主句為each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from,where they come from充當depends on的賓語;破折號后面為 and連接的并列句,分句2中的 served hot,salty and sour是過去分詞短語作方式狀語,相當于非限制性定語從句 which is served hot,salty and sour。
嘗試翻譯:當然,每個人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取決于他們來自哪里——對于中國人來說,它可能是一盤餃子,配上一碟醋,而對于土生土長的英國人來說,就可能是一份經典的炸魚薯條,熱騰騰地端上來,吃起來咸中帶酸。
2.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness.(P3 Para.4)
[學會斷句]　此句為主從復合句。主句為One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots. and連接的兩個并列的現在分詞短語giving us...和relieving feelings...在句中作狀語。在第一個現在分詞短語 giving us the “taste of home”that we cry out for中包含一個定語從句 that we cry out for,修飾先行詞 the“taste of home”。
嘗試翻譯:吃一口治愈系食物讓我們回到自己的文化根源,帶來我們迫切需要的“家的味道”,以解思鄉之情。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Food keeps us fit and 1.energetic (energy). It can do more than that too. There is a particular kind of comfort food,whose influence mainly lies in 2.the association it calls to mind. It 3.frequently(frequent) makes up for bad feelings by reminding us of happy memories of the people,things or places we love.
Our comfort foods,4.varying (vary) from person to person,largely depend on our unique experiences that have shaped our lives. If we grow up eating foods in our family,then those foods are more likely 5.to be connected(connect)with positive emotions. For instance,we often relate chicken soup 6.to a happy childhood. When we eat it again,we unlock memories of a time 7.when we were loved and taken care of,which cheers us up.
For people moving away from their home country,the feeling of happiness and sense of 8.belonging (belong)are especially important. According to some food 9.specialists(specialist),people will lose some aspects of culture at once. However,it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,and 10.gives (give) us the “taste of home” that we cry out for.
[原文呈現]　 Comfort food
Whenever I feel lonely,I have a secret recipe①that never fails:rice,milk and sugar,cooked low and slow②.[1]No matter how bad my mood is,that perfect combination③is always enough to lift my spirits.Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick④,not to mention⑤ the lovely creamy⑥ flavour,which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood.[2]With pleasure⑦,I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat,listening to her wonderful stories and greedily⑧ eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding.I take my time over every spoonful,gently⑨ rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk.Before I know it,I’m happy again.
[1]本句是主從復合句。Whenever引導讓步狀語從句,that引導定語從句,修飾recipe;主句中的過去分詞短語cooked low and slow作方式狀語。
[2]本句是主從復合句。not to mention引出附加成分,which引導非限制性定語從句,修飾the lovely creamy flavour;transporting me back to my sunny childhood是現在分詞短語作后置定語,修飾名詞短語a time machine。
My experience with rice pudding illustrates⑩ the unique power of “comfort food”.In its broadest sense,comfort food refers to any food that makes us feel better.In this article,we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind .It often makes up for bad feelings by helping us recall happy memories of the people,things or places we love.
Our comfort foods are highly individual.They vary from person to person,depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives.If we grow up eating certain foods in our family,then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions .For example,we often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and its flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of.When we eat it again,we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after,and this cheers us up.[3]
[3]本句為and連接的并列復合句。第一個when引導時間狀語從句,第二個when引導定語從句,修飾a time。
The feeling of happiness and sense of belongingcan become particularly important for people who move away from their home country.According to some food experts,there are some aspects of culture that people will lose right away,but with food,there are more opportunities to connect to memory,family and place.[4]It is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with.Of course,each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from—for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar,and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips,served hot,salty and sour.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out forand relieving feelings of homesickness.
[4]本句是并列復合句。but連接兩個并列分句,在第一個分句中還包含一個定語從句 that people will lose right away,修飾先行詞 some aspects of culture,that 在從句中作lose的賓語。
That’s certainly true for fort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories,always makes us feel good.It isn’t just a bowl of noodles or chicken soup.It’s food for the soul.
[名師圈點]
①recipe / res pi/ n.食譜;秘訣
②cook low and slow 小火慢燉
③combination / k mb ne n/
n.結合體,聯合體;聯合,混合
④do the trick奏效,起作用,達到目的
⑤not to mention更不用說=let alone
⑥creamy / kri mi/ adj.含奶油的;像奶油的,光滑細膩的;淡黃色的
[派生構詞]cream(n.奶油,乳脂)+-y(形容詞后,表示“充滿……的,有……特性的”)→creamy(adj.)
⑦with pleasure(作狀語)高興地;(用于應答)非常愿意
⑧greedily / ɡri d li/ adv.
貪婪地,貪心地
⑨gently / d entli/adv.輕柔地,溫和地
⑩illustrate / l stre t/ vt.(用示例圖畫等)說明,解釋;表明……真實;加插圖于
lie in(思 想、特 征、問題等)存在于,在于
association / s si e n; s e n/n.聯想,聯系;協會,社團;聯合,交往
call/bring...to mind 使想起……
make up for彌補
vary / ve ri/ vi.(根據情況)變化,變更;相異,不同 vt.變更,改變
vary from...to...從……到……不同
depend on信賴;取決于
depend on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事
depend on it that...相信……;指望……
shape / e p/ [熟詞生義] vt.影響……的發展;塑造
link /l k/ vt.聯系,相關聯;把……連接起來
n.聯系,連接;關系,紐帶;鏈接
be linked with與……有聯系
emotion / m n/情感,強烈的感情,激情,情緒
[派生詞]emotional adj.情感的,情緒的(常用于名詞前)
emotional intelligence
情商(相當于EQ)
unlock / n l k/ vt.開啟,解鎖;(用鑰匙)開……的鎖;發現,揭開
[構詞法]un-用于動詞前,表示“相反的動作”。類似的單詞還有:uncover(揭開蓋子;揭露),unfold(展開),untie(解開)等
a sense of belonging 歸屬感
cry out for迫切需要
[參考譯文]　 治愈系食物
　　每當我感到孤獨時,我有一個永遠不會失敗的秘訣:大米、牛奶和糖,用小火慢煮。不管我的心情有多糟,那種完美的組合總是足以讓我振作起來。有時只是聞到氣味就有這種效果,更不用說那美妙的奶油的味道了,這種味道就像一臺時光機,立刻把我帶回陽光燦爛的童年。我愉快地回憶起那些慵懶的周日下午,我常常在奶奶溫暖的公寓里度過,聽她講美妙的故事,貪婪地吃著一碗又一碗她做的美味米糊布丁。我細細品嘗每一勺,讓絲滑的甜點在我的口中輕輕轉動,享受米糊和牛奶的完美融合。不知不覺中,我又高興起來了。
我對米糊布丁的體驗說明了“治愈系食物”的獨特力量。從廣義上講,治愈系食物指的是任何能讓我們感覺更好的食物。在這篇文章中,我們將討論一種特殊類型的治愈系食物,它的力量主要在于它所喚起的聯想。它通常通過幫助我們回憶我們所愛的人、物或地方的快樂回憶來彌補不好的感覺。
我們的治愈系食物是高度個性化的。它們因人而異,由塑造我們人生的獨特經歷決定。如果我們在家里吃某些食物長大,那么那些食物往往與積極的情緒聯系在一起。例如,我們經常把雞湯和快樂的童年聯系在一起,它的味道和被照顧的感覺聯系在一起。當我們再吃的時候,我們會開啟我們被愛和被照顧的時光的回憶,這讓我們振作起來。
　　對于那些離開祖國的人來說,幸福感和歸屬感尤為重要。根據一些食物專家的說法,人們會馬上失去文化的某些方面,但有了食物,人們就有更多的機會把記憶、家庭和地方聯系起來。放棄伴隨你長大的食物是最難的。當然,每個人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取決于他們來自哪里——對于中國人來說,它可能是一盤餃子,配上一碟醋,而對于土生土長的英國人來說,就可能是一份經典的炸魚薯條,熱騰騰地端上來,吃起來咸中帶酸。吃一口治愈系食物讓我們回到自己的文化根源,帶來我們迫切需要的“家的味道”,以解思鄉之情。
對我來說確實如此。治愈系食物味道很好,而且通過建立與我們的美好回憶的情感紐帶,總能讓我們感覺良好。它不僅僅是一碗面條或雞湯。它更是精神食糧。
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Kimchi,which tastes similar to the Chinese Pao Cai,is not only a main dish eaten at nearly every meal by Koreans,but also an important ingredient (配料) in many other Korean foods.
While the most popular variety is the spicy kimchi made of cabbage,there are more than 100 different types of kimchi made of various vegetables,like radish (小蘿卜),onion or carrot. Thanks to its unique fermentation (發酵) process,kimchi is selected by the American magazine Health as one of the top five healthiest foods in the world and helps prevent the growth of cancer.
Cabbage Kimchi
Enjoyed by most Koreans,Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole,uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder,garlic,fish sauce (醬) and other spices.
Radish Kimchi
The basic ingredients used for creating this kimchi are the same to those used to make Cabbage Kimchi,except that the cabbage is replaced with radish. The distinct characteristics of this kimchi are that it is pleasantly hard and that it makes a noise when you chew it.
Water Kimchi
This is a less spicy kind of kimchi that uses both cabbage and radish. Using a great deal of kimchi water,it tastes sweeter than other types of kimchi due to the addition of sliced fruits such as apple and pear.
Young Radish Kimchi
Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest. This kimchi is made using young summer radishes,mixed with Korean chili powder and green onions,giving it a unique smell and taste.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四種韓國泡菜。
1.Which kimchi tastes sweet and less spicy
A.Water Kimchi. B.Cabbage Kimchi.
C.Radish Kimchi. D.Young Radish Kimchi.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據Water Kimchi部分中“This is a less spicy...fruits such as apple and pear.”可知,Water Kimchi嘗起來甜而不辣。故選A。]
2.When is Young Radish Kimchi prepared
A.In spring. B.In summer.
C.In autumn. D.In winter.
答案　B　[細節理解題。根據Young Radish Kimchi部分中“Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest.”可知,小蘿卜泡菜是在夏天被準備的。故選B。]
3.What can we say about the Korean kimchi
A.It tastes the same to Pao Cai.
B.It has to be mixed with onions.
C.It is a type of fermented food.
D.It is just used as an ingredient.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第二段“Thanks to its unique...the growth of cancer.”可知,韓國泡菜是一種發酵食品。故選C。]
B
What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips,or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts,1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to,and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills,and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (癡迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV,it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文,介紹了電視烹飪節目引起了英國人日常飲食、烹飪習慣以及對烹飪態度的變化。
4.What do people usually think of British food
A.It is simple and plain. B.It is rich in nutrition.
C.It lacks authentic tastes. D.It deserves a high reputation.
答案　A　[細節理解題。根據第一段的“What comes into your...food really so uninteresting ”可知,提及英國食物,大家往往只是想到炸魚薯條和周日烤肉,所以人們通常會覺得英國食物平平無奇。故選A項。]
5.Which best describes cookery programme on British TV
A.Authoritative. B.Creative.
C.Profitable. D.Influential.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據第二段的“It’s thanks to these TV chefs...becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.”和“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可知,英國的烹飪節目能夠改變英國人對烹飪的看法,嘗試從傳統的英式飲食走出來,嘗試新的烹飪習慣,由此推知英國的烹飪節目具有很大的影響力。故選D項。]
6.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據第三段的“Almost one third...ingredients than before.”可知,三分之一左右的人,也就是33%左右的人使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項。]
7.What might the author continue talking about
A.The art of cooking in other countries.
B.Male chefs on TV programmes.
C.Table manners in the UK.
D.Studies of big eaters.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV,it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.”可知,接下來,文章應該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師,從而與上文形成語義連貫。故選B項。]
C
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries,similar in appearance.One came out of a supermarket box,meaning it was probably harvested before it is fully grown,immediately placed in a forced-air cooling unit,loaded onto a refrigerated truck and driven hundreds of miles.By the time it reached the plate two weeks may have passed.The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.
The first one will probably not taste good as expected.The second is likely to be sweet; the flavor will remain in the mouth.Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: they are convenient and available even in winter.But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing music in a concert hall differs from listening to an MP3.The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for planting a home garden.
Planting cool-weather greens can seem meaningless as well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week.But the same could be said of cooking:cheap and good restaurants are everywhere,so why bother to make your own meals
That attitude fails to understand the basic appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose.It is true that a garden can produce tomatoes and carrots that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in.Finding some favorite vegetables in the shops can take some time,effort and expense; growing your own vegetables,rare or routine,ensures a reliable supply.
On the other hand,a garden,especially in the early years,can also produce frustration.Creative gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil.Little animals may have the habit of taking single bites of cucumbers,beans and tomatoes.And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
No matter.The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.The deepest pleasure—as with cooking,writing,bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories center not around the food produced,but around long summer afternoons with hands in the dirt of a home garden,surrounded by family.To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow,in the ground and above it.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要由品嘗兩個不同新鮮程度的草莓引入話題,介紹了家庭菜園的真正樂趣所在。
8.What might have caused the strawberries to taste different
A.Temperature. B.Freshness.
C.Appearance. D.Soil.
答案　B　[細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句以及第二段中“The first one will probably not taste good as expected.The second is likely to be sweet; the flavor will remain in the mouth.”可知,草莓的新鮮程度影響了草莓的味道。故選B。]
9.Why does the writer compare the two strawberries
A.To promote supermarket strawberries.
B.To highlight the value of a home garden.
C.To stress the differences between them.
D.To provide suggestions on fruit shopping.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據第二段可知,作者比較這兩種草莓是為了突出家庭菜園的價值。故選B。]
10.What does the underlined phrase “That attitude” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A.Regarding planting a garden as worthless.
B.Favoring what is grown in a home garden.
C.Enjoying food made by yourself at home.
D.Understanding what a garden is intended for.
答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據第三段可知,人們認為種植喜涼的綠色蔬菜似乎是沒有意義的,因為超市每周都有充足的存貨;再根據第四段中“That attitude fails to understand the basic appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose.”可知,That attitude指代的是上文中認為種植菜園毫無價值的態度。故選A。]
11.How do we find the real joy of gardening
A.Observe patiently how plants grow all summer.
B.Spend time taking care of a garden with family.
C.Make friends with gardeners in the neighborhood.
D.Labor lovingly to clean the dirt out of the garden.
答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知,家庭菜園的真正樂趣在于和家人們一起照料菜園。故選B。]
Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
Cooking games are a fantastic way to stimulate imaginative play.　1　 It helps them develop their creativity,motor skills,language,and problem-solving ability. In this text you will find some information on how online cooking games may educate them.
Online cooking games promote maths and reading skills.
The act of cooking requires a lot of counting and measuring. Additionally,many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients.　2　
Online Cooking games boost confidence and independence.
When kids take the initiative,finish a task,or follow directions correctly,they feel good about themselves and proud of what they’ve done.　3　 In the game,kids can experiment with a chef’s role and master their culinary skills in the world of imagination. When kids have trust in their own skills,they are more likely to grow up with a feeling of confidence,responsibility,and independence.
　4　
Free online cooking games encourage kids to try new things and think outside the box by letting them experiment with ingredients,recipes,and preparation methods. Such games can help kids develop a growth mindset,creativity,and choosing freedom.
Online cooking games can improve social skills.
　5　 For example,playing multiplayer or two-player games allows children to interact with others,help each other,laugh together,solve problems in cooperation,and so on. This is especially convenient for timid or introverted kids who have difficulty reaching out to others in the real world.
A.Online cooking games for kids nurture creativity.
B.Online cooking games can help kids win freedom.
C.Most cooking games offer an in-built social space.
D.How do cooking games promote development and learning
E.They improve their vocabulary and enhance their ability to understand.
F.Children can act out real-life situations and behaviors through pretend play.
G.For example creative games such as Cooking Madness encourage pretend play.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在線烹飪游戲對孩子的好處。
1.F　[上文“Cooking games are a fantastic way to stimulate imaginative play.”介紹了烹飪游戲,F項“Children can act out real-life situations and behaviors through pretend play.”進一步說明烹飪游戲帶給孩子們的影響,同時句中“Children”為下文中人稱代詞“them”提供了指代對象,上下文語意連貫。故選F項。]
2.E　[上文“Additionally,many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients.”講在線烹飪游戲需要孩子們閱讀,E項“They improve their vocabulary and enhance their ability to understand.”承接上文,說明這類游戲帶來的影響:增加了詞匯量,提高了理解能力。上下文語意連貫。故選E項。]
3.G　[根據下文“In the game,kids can experiment with a chef’s role and master their culinary skills in the world of imagination.”中“In the game”可知,設空句中會出現一個游戲,且在這個游戲中孩子們會進行角色扮演,G項“For example creative games such as Cooking Madness encourage pretend play.”給出了需要扮演角色的游戲《Cooking Madness》,上下文銜接自然。故選G項。]
4.A　[設空句是段首小標題,根據下文“Free online cooking games...and preparation methods.”可知,本段主要講在線烹飪游戲可以培養孩子們的創造力,所以A項“Online cooking games for kids nurture creativity.”是最佳標題。故選A項。]
5.C　[下文“For example,playing...cooperation,and so on.”舉例說明了游戲中的社交活動,是對C項“Most cooking games offer an in-built social space.”中“an in-built social space”的舉例說明。上下文語意連貫。故選C項。]
文本資源——說一千道一萬,記住單詞是關鍵
主題單詞 B篇:adventurous adj.敢于創新的　　　　　cookery n.烹飪術 C篇:eatable adj.可吃的 frustration n.挫敗感 七選五:timid adj.膽小的 introverted adj.內向的
主題詞塊 B篇:television scheduling電視節目表　C篇:uncooperative weather不合作的天氣
熟詞生義 C篇:case熟義: n.情況,狀況　生義:n.實例 The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for planting a home garden. 家庭種植的水果是種植家庭菜園的一個可食用的例子。
難句剖析 A篇:Enjoyed by most Koreans,Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole,uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder,garlic,fish sauce(醬)and other spices. [譯文]　白菜泡菜是用未切好的白菜和韓國辣椒粉、大蒜、魚醬以及其他香料混合而成,深受韓國人的喜愛。 [分析]　主句是Cabbage Kimchi is made,Enjoyed...為過去分詞短語作狀語,mixed with...為過去分詞短語作定語,都表被動。(共87張PPT)
主題語境:人與社會——飲食文化
UNIT 1 Food matters ——飲食健康
大觀念之單元話題:本單元主題在“人與社會”的主題語境下,探討了各國的飲食文化。涉及的語篇類型多樣,有視頻、雜志文章、博客文章、食譜等。旨在幫助學生認識到飲食文化在跨文化交際中的重要作用。并且引導青少年通過飲食了解不同國家及地域的不同文化。
①launch /l nt / v.發動,發起;上市,發行
②undernourished / nd n r t/ adj.營養不良
③consecutive /k n sekj t v/ adj.連續的,不間斷的
④mechanism / mek n z m/n.機制
⑤frugality /fru ɡ l ti/n.儉省,節儉
⑥legislation / led s le n/n.法規;立法
類文悅讀·情境導學
　　中國加大了減少糧食浪費的力度,以改革其糧食系統,實現聯合國2030年議程的目標之一:零饑餓。
China launches① anti－food waste campaign amid global food crisis
China has stepped up efforts to reduce food waste as an effort to reform its food systems and to meet one of the goals of UN 2030 Agenda: Zero Hunger,as a recent UN report warned that the world is on the verge of the worst food crisis in 50 years and almost 690 million people in the world were undernourished② in 2019.
Though China doesn’t face a food crisis and has bumper harvests in consecutive③ years,the Chinese President still stressed that people should “maintain a sense of crisis about food security” and urged relevant departments to build a long－term mechanism④ to stop food wastage.
In China,the Constitution stipulates that the state should practice frugality⑤ and oppose waste. China’s agricultural law also regulates that citizens should cherish and save food. Other laws like the environmental law,consumer rights protection law and food security law advocate that all parties shall avoid wasting resources and polluting the environment. But legal experts say the concepts are vague and not specific enough.
Zhang Guilong,an official of the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress,told CCTV that the committee,together with other departments,is conducting research to strengthen legislation⑥ regarding food waste. They are going to make specific and clear provisions in food production,storage, transportation,processing and consumption stages to reduce waste.
Globally,some environmentalists say the waste of food is also a waste of water,land,energy and other earth resources,resulting in greenhouse gas emissions and other forms of environmental pollution.
The UN warned in its report that without efforts to reform global food systems,its target of zero hunger by 2030 will be missed.
文本整體理解
內
容
索
引
語篇助解釋疑
課時測評作業
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
文 本 整 體 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the picture,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
I think this passage will be about food. It is likely that we will learn a lot about different types of food from different countries or areas.
Step Two:While－reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The food that makes us healthy.
B.The food that often makes us think of happy memories.
C.The food that is full of lovely creamy flavour.
D.The food that may let us forget bad feelings.
√
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Give the definition of comfort food and narrow down the topic which will be discussed in this article.
Para.2 B.Talk about one kind of comfort food linked with positive emotions in our memories.
Para.3 C.Make a conclusion.
Para.4 D.Introduce the topic of “comfort food” by describing the author’s personal experience.
Para.5 E.Talk about the other kind of comfort food related to one’s sense of belonging and cultural roots.
答案 Para.1 D　Para.2 A　Para.3 B　Para.4 E　Para.5 C
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
unhappy
unique
experiences
homesick
soul
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What did the author do when she stayed in her grandma’s flat
A.She always made rice pudding by herself.
B.She always told some wonderful stories to her grandma.
C.She enjoyed her grandma’s rice pudding very much.
D.She invented a new recipe for her grandma.
√
2.Which word can replace the word “combination” in paragraph 1
A.Mixture. B.Choice.
C.Design. D.Devotion.
√
3.What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.Comfort food refers to the food that makes us healthy.
B.Comfort food often makes us think of happy memories.
C.When we are sad,we must eat much rice pudding.
D.Comfort food often reminds us of the people we dislike.
√
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE
A.Chicken soup often reminds us of some bad emotions.
B.It’s very easy to give up the food you grow up with.
C.Comfort food is helpful for those moving back to their motherland.
D.Comfort food is helpful for those moving away from their motherland.
√
5.What is the author’s purpose for writing this article
A.To tell us the definition of comfort food.
B.To tell us why food can comfort us.
C.To tell us what her comfort food is.
D.To tell us that food can not only keep us alive and healthy,but also benefit us emotionally by lifting our spirits.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.難句解構
1.Of course,each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from—for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar,and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips,served hot,salty and sour.(P3 Para.4)
[學會斷句]　此句為并列復合句。主句為　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　, where they come from充當depends on的　　　語;破折號后面為 and連接的　　　　句,分句2中的 served hot,salty and sour是過去分詞短語作方式狀語,相當于非限制性定語從句 which is served hot,salty and sour。
each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from
賓
并列
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
當然,每個人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取決于他們來自哪里——對于中國人來說,它可能是一盤餃子,配上一碟醋,而對于土生土長的英國人來說,就可能是一份經典的炸魚薯條,熱騰騰地端上來,吃起來咸中帶酸。
2.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness.(P3 Para.4)
[學會斷句]　此句為主從復合句。主句為_______________________
__________________________________. and連接的兩個并列的現在分詞短語giving us...和relieving feelings...,分詞短語在句中作_____語。在第一個現在分詞短語 giving us the “taste of home”that we cry out for中包含一個　　　　從句 that we cry out for,修飾先行詞 the“taste of home”。
One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots
狀
定語
嘗試翻譯:　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
吃一口治愈系食物讓我們回到自己的文化根源,帶來我們迫切需要的“家的味道”,以解思鄉之情。
Ⅱ.翻轉課堂(課文語法填空)
Food keeps us fit and 1.　　　　　　 (energy). It can do more than that too. There is a particular kind of comfort food,whose influence mainly lies in 2.　　　　　　 association it calls to mind. It 3.　　　　　　　　　　 (frequent) makes up for bad feelings by reminding us of happy memories of the people,things or places we love.
energetic
the
frequently
Our comfort foods,4.　　　　　　　　　 (vary) from person to person,largely depend on our unique experiences that have shaped our lives. If we grow up eating foods in our family,then those foods are more likely 5.　　　　 　　(connect)with positive emotions. For instance,we often relate chicken soup 6.　　　 　　　 a happy childhood. When we eat it again,we unlock memories of a time 7._____________ we were loved and taken care of,which cheers us up.
varying
to be connected
to
when
For people moving away from their home country,the feeling of happiness and sense of 8.　　　　　　 (belong)are especially important. According to some food 9.______________ (specialist), people will lose some aspects of culture at once. However,it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,and 10.　　　　　　 (give) us the “taste of home” that we cry out for.
belonging
specialists
gives
語 篇 助 解 釋 疑
[原文呈現]　　 Comfort food
Whenever I feel lonely,I have a secret recipe①that never fails:rice,milk and sugar,cooked low and slow②.[1]No matter how bad my mood is,that perfect combination③is always enough to lift my spirits. Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick④,not to mention⑤ the lovely creamy⑥ flavour,which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood.[2]With
pleasure⑦,I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat,listening to her wonderful stories and greedily⑧ eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding.I take my time over every spoonful,gently⑨ rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk.Before I know it,I’m happy again.
[1]本句是主從復合句。Whenever引導讓步狀語從句,that引導定語從句,修飾recipe;主句中的過去分詞短語cooked low and slow作方式狀語。
[2]本句是主從復合句。not to mention引出附加成分,which引導非限制性定語從句,修飾the lovely creamy flavour;transporting me back to my sunny childhood是現在分詞短語作后置定語,修飾名詞短語a time machine。
My experience with rice pudding illustrates⑩ the unique power of “comfort food”.In its broadest sense,comfort food refers to any food that makes us feel better.In this article,we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind .It often makes up for bad feelings by helping us recall happy memories of the people,things or places we love.
Our comfort foods are highly individual.They vary from person to person,depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives.If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions .For example,we often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and its flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. When we eat it again,we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after,and this cheers us up.[3]
[3]本句為and連接的并列復合句。第一個when引導時間狀語從句,第二個when引導定語從句,修飾a time。
The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country.According to some food experts,there are some aspects of culture that people will lose right away,but with food,there are more opportunities to connect to memory,family and place.[4]It is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with.Of course,each person’s comfort food largely depends on where they come from—for a
Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar,and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips,served hot,salty and sour.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots,giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness.
[4]本句是并列復合句。but連接兩個并列分句,在第一個分句中還包含一個定語從句 that people will lose right away,修飾先行詞 some aspects of culture,that 在從句中作lose的賓語。
That’s certainly true for fort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories,always makes us feel good.It isn’t just a bowl of noodles or chicken soup.It’s food for the soul.
[名師圈點]
①recipe / res pi/ n.食譜;秘訣
②cook low and slow 小火慢燉
③combination / k mb ne n/ n.結合體,聯合體;聯合,混合
④do the trick奏效,起作用,達到目的
⑤not to mention更不用說＝let alone
⑥creamy / kri mi/ adj.含奶油的;像奶油的,光滑細膩的;淡黃色的
[派生構詞]cream(n.奶油,乳脂)＋－y(形容詞后,表示“充滿……的,有……特性的”)→creamy(adj.)
⑦with pleasure(作狀語)高興地;(用于應答)非常愿意
⑧greedily / ɡri d li/ adv.貪婪地,貪心地
⑨gently / d entli/adv.輕柔地,溫和地
⑩illustrate / l stre t/ vt.(用示例圖畫等)說明,解釋;表明……真實;加插圖于
lie in(思 想、特 征、問題等)存在于,在于
association / s si e n; s e n/n.聯想,聯系;協會,社團;聯合,交往
call/bring...to mind 使想起……
make up for彌補
vary / ve ri/ vi.(根據情況)變化,變更;相異,不同 vt.變更,改變
vary from...to...從……到……不同
depend on信賴;取決于
depend on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事
depend on it that...相信……;指望……
shape / e p/ [熟詞生義] vt.影響……的發展;塑造
link /l k/ vt.聯系,相關聯;把……連接起來
n.聯系,連接;關系,紐帶;鏈接
be linked with與……有聯系
emotion / m n/情感,強烈的感情,激情,情緒
[派生詞]emotional adj.情感的,情緒的(常用于名詞前)
emotional intelligence 情商(相當于EQ)
unlock / n l k/ vt.開啟,解鎖;(用鑰匙)開……的鎖;發現,揭開
[構詞法]un－用于動詞前,表示“相反的動作”。類似的單詞還有:uncover(揭開蓋子;揭露),unfold(展開),untie(解開)等
a sense of belonging 歸屬感
cry out for迫切需要
[參考譯文]　 治愈系食物
　　每當我感到孤獨時,我有一個永遠不會失敗的秘訣:大米、牛奶和糖,用小火慢煮。不管我的心情有多糟,那種完美的組合總是足以讓我振作起來。有時只是聞到氣味就有這種效果,更不用說那美妙的奶油的味道了,這種味道就像一臺時光機,立刻把我帶回陽光燦爛的童年。我愉快地回憶起那些慵懶的周日下午,我常常在奶奶溫暖的公寓里度過,聽她講美妙的故事,貪婪地吃著一碗又一碗她做的美味米糊布丁。我細細品嘗每一勺,讓絲滑的甜點在我的口中輕輕轉動,享受米糊和牛奶的完美融合。不知不覺中,我又高興起來了。
我對米糊布丁的體驗說明了“治愈系食物”的獨特力量。從廣義上講,治愈系食物指的是任何能讓我們感覺更好的食物。在這篇文章中,我們將討論一種特殊類型的治愈系食物,它的力量主要在于它所喚起的聯想。它通常通過幫助我們回憶我們所愛的人、物或地方的快樂回憶來彌補不好的感覺。
我們的治愈系食物是高度個性化的。它們因人而異,由塑造我們人生的獨特經歷決定。如果我們在家里吃某些食物長大,那么那些食物往往與積極的情緒聯系在一起。例如,我們經常把雞湯和快樂的童年聯系在一起,它的味道和被照顧的感覺聯系在一起。當我們再吃的時候,我們會開啟我們被愛和被照顧的時光的回憶,這讓我們振作起來。
　　對于那些離開祖國的人來說,幸福感和歸屬感尤為重要。根據一些食物專家的說法,人們會馬上失去文化的某些方面,但有了食物,人們就有更多的機會把記憶、家庭和地方聯系起來。放棄伴隨你長大的食物是最難的。當然,每個人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取決于他們來自哪里——對于中國人來說,它可能是一盤餃子,配上一碟醋,而對于土生土長的英國人來說,就可能是一份經典的炸魚薯條,熱騰騰地端上來,吃起來咸中帶酸。吃一口治愈系食物讓我們回到自己的文化根源,帶來我們迫切需要的“家的味道”,以解思鄉之情。
對我來說確實如此。治愈系食物味道很好,而且通過建立與我們的美好回憶的情感紐帶,總能讓我們感覺良好。它不僅僅是一碗面條或雞湯。它更是精神食糧。
課 時 測 評 作 業
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共27.5分)
A
Kimchi,which tastes similar to the Chinese Pao Cai,is not only a main dish eaten at nearly every meal by Koreans,but also an important ingredient (配料) in many other Korean foods.
While the most popular variety is the spicy kimchi made of cabbage,there are more than 100 different types of kimchi made of various vegetables,like radish (小蘿卜),onion or carrot. Thanks to its unique fermentation (發酵) process,kimchi is selected by the American magazine Health as one of the top five healthiest foods in the world and helps prevent the growth of cancer.
Cabbage Kimchi
Enjoyed by most Koreans,Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole,uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder,garlic,fish sauce (醬) and other spices.
Radish Kimchi
The basic ingredients used for creating this kimchi are the same to those used to make Cabbage Kimchi,except that the cabbage is replaced with radish. The distinct characteristics of this kimchi are that it is pleasantly hard and that it makes a noise when you chew it.
Water Kimchi
This is a less spicy kind of kimchi that uses both cabbage and radish. Using a great deal of kimchi water,it tastes sweeter than other types of kimchi due to the addition of sliced fruits such as apple and pear.
Young Radish Kimchi
Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest. This kimchi is made using young summer radishes,mixed with Korean chili powder and green onions,giving it a unique smell and taste.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四種韓國泡菜。
1.Which kimchi tastes sweet and less spicy
A.Water Kimchi. B.Cabbage Kimchi.
C.Radish Kimchi. D.Young Radish Kimchi.
解析　細節理解題。根據Water Kimchi部分中“This is a less spicy...fruits such as apple and pear.”可知,Water Kimchi嘗起來甜而不辣。故選A。
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2.When is Young Radish Kimchi prepared
A.In spring. B.In summer.
C.In autumn. D.In winter.
解析　細節理解題。根據Young Radish Kimchi部分中“Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest.”可知,小蘿卜泡菜是在夏天被準備的。故選B。
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3.What can we say about the Korean kimchi
A.It tastes the same to Pao Cai.
B.It has to be mixed with onions.
C.It is a type of fermented food.
D.It is just used as an ingredient.
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段“Thanks to its unique...the growth of cancer.”可知,韓國泡菜是一種發酵食品。故選C。
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B
What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips,or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine,it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts,1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to,and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills,and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (癡迷) with food is
reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV,it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文,介紹了電視烹飪節目引起了英國人日常飲食、烹飪習慣以及對烹飪態度的變化。
4.What do people usually think of British food
A.It is simple and plain. B.It is rich in nutrition.
C.It lacks authentic tastes. D.It deserves a high reputation.
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段的“What comes into your...food really so uninteresting ”可知,提及英國食物,大家往往只是想到炸魚薯條和周日烤肉,所以人們通常會覺得英國食物平平無奇。故選A項。
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5.Which best describes cookery programme on British TV
A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段的“It’s thanks to these TV chefs...becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.”和“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可知,英國的烹飪節目能夠改變英國人對烹飪的看法,嘗試從傳統的英式飲食走出來,嘗試新的烹飪習慣,由此推知英國的烹飪節目具有很大的影響力。故選D項。
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6.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A.20%. B.24%.
C.25%. D.33%.
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段的“Almost one third...ingredients than before.”可知,三分之一左右的人,也就是33%左右的人使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項。
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7.What might the author continue talking about
A.The art of cooking in other countries.
B.Male chefs on TV programmes.
C.Table manners in the UK.
D.Studies of big eaters.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV,it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.”可知,接下來,文章應該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師,從而與上文形成語義連貫。故選B項。
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C
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries,similar in appearance.One came out of a supermarket box,meaning it was probably harvested before it is fully grown,immediately placed in a forced-air cooling unit,loaded onto a refrigerated truck and driven hundreds of miles.By the time it reached the plate two weeks may have passed.The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.
The first one will probably not taste good as expected.The second is likely to be sweet; the flavor will remain in the mouth.Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: they are convenient and available even in winter.But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing music in a concert hall differs from listening to an MP3.The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for planting a home garden.
Planting cool-weather greens can seem meaningless as well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week.But the same could be said of cooking:cheap and good restaurants are everywhere,so why bother to make your own meals
That attitude fails to understand the basic appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose.It is true that a garden can produce tomatoes and carrots that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in.Finding some favorite vegetables in the shops can take some time,effort and expense; growing your own vegetables,rare or routine,ensures a reliable supply.
On the other hand,a garden,especially in the early years,can also produce frustration.Creative gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil.Little animals may have the habit of taking single bites of cucumbers,beans and tomatoes.And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
No matter.The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.The deepest pleasure—as with cooking,writing,bringing up children or
almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself.A gardener’s memories center not around the food produced,but around long summer afternoons with hands in the dirt of a home garden,surrounded by family.To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow,in the ground and above it.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要由品嘗兩個不同新鮮程度的草莓引入話題,介紹了家庭菜園的真正樂趣所在。
8.What might have caused the strawberries to taste different
A.Temperature. B.Freshness.
C.Appearance. D.Soil.
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句以及第二段中“The first one will probably not taste good as expected.The second is likely to be sweet; the flavor will remain in the mouth.”可知,草莓的新鮮程度影響了草莓的味道。故選B。
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9.Why does the writer compare the two strawberries
A.To promote supermarket strawberries.
B.To highlight the value of a home garden.
C.To stress the differences between them.
D.To provide suggestions on fruit shopping.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知,作者比較這兩種草莓是為了突出家庭菜園的價值。故選B。
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10.What does the underlined phrase “That attitude” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A.Regarding planting a garden as worthless.
B.Favoring what is grown in a home garden.
C.Enjoying food made by yourself at home.
D.Understanding what a garden is intended for.
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解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段可知,人們認為種植喜涼的綠色蔬菜似乎是沒有意義的,因為超市每周都有充足的存貨;再根據第四段中“That attitude fails to understand the basic appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose.”可知,That attitude指代的是上文中認為種植菜園毫無價值的態度。故選A。
11.How do we find the real joy of gardening
A.Observe patiently how plants grow all summer.
B.Spend time taking care of a garden with family.
C.Make friends with gardeners in the neighborhood.
D.Labor lovingly to clean the dirt out of the garden.
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知,家庭菜園的真正樂趣在于和家人們一起照料菜園。故選B。
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Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分,共12.5分)
Cooking games are a fantastic way to stimulate imaginative play.　1　 It helps them develop their creativity,motor skills,language,and problem-solving ability. In this text you will find some information on how online cooking games may educate them.
Online cooking games promote maths and reading skills.
The act of cooking requires a lot of counting and measuring. Additionally,many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients.　2　
Online Cooking games boost confidence and independence.
When kids take the initiative,finish a task,or follow directions correctly,they feel good about themselves and proud of what they’ve done.　3　 In the game,kids can experiment with a chef’s role and master their culinary skills in the world of imagination. When kids have trust in their own skills,they are more likely to grow up with a feeling of confidence,responsibility,and independence.
　4　
Free online cooking games encourage kids to try new things and think outside the box by letting them experiment with ingredients,recipes,and preparation methods. Such games can help kids develop a growth mindset,creativity,and choosing freedom.
Online cooking games can improve social skills.
　5　 For example,playing multiplayer or two-player games allows children to interact with others,help each other,laugh together,solve problems in cooperation,and so on. This is especially convenient for timid or introverted kids who have difficulty reaching out to others in the real world.
A.Online cooking games for kids nurture creativity.
B.Online cooking games can help kids win freedom.
C.Most cooking games offer an in-built social space.
D.How do cooking games promote development and learning
E.They improve their vocabulary and enhance their ability to understand.
F.Children can act out real-life situations and behaviors through pretend play.
G.For example creative games such as Cooking Madness encourage pretend play.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在線烹飪游戲對孩子的好處。
1.F　[上文“Cooking games are a fantastic way to stimulate imaginative play.”介紹了烹飪游戲,F項“Children can act out real-life situations and behaviors through pretend play.”進一步說明烹飪游戲帶給孩子們的影響,同時句中“Children”為下文中人稱代詞“them”提供了指代對象,上下文語意連貫。故選F項。]
2.E　[上文“Additionally,many free cooking games online require kids to read the recipes or lists of ingredients.”講在線烹飪游戲需要孩子們閱讀,E項“They improve their vocabulary and enhance their ability to understand.”承接上文,說明這類游戲帶來的影響:增加了詞匯量,提高了理解能力。上下文語意連貫。故選E項。]
3.G　[根據下文“In the game,kids can experiment with a chef’s role and master their culinary skills in the world of imagination.”中“In the game”可知,設空句中會出現一個游戲,且在這個游戲中孩子們會進行角色扮演,G項“For example creative games such as Cooking Madness encourage pretend play.”給出了需要扮演角色的游戲《Cooking Madness》,上下文銜接自然。故選G項。]
4.A　[設空句是段首小標題,根據下文“Free online cooking games...and preparation methods.”可知,本段主要講在線烹飪游戲可以培養孩子們的創造力,所以A項“Online cooking games for kids nurture creativity.”是最佳標題。故選A項。]
5.C　[下文“For example,playing...cooperation,and so on.”舉例說明了游戲中的社交活動,是對C項“Most cooking games offer an in-built social space.”中“an in-built social space”的舉例說明。上下文語意連貫。故選C項。]
文本資源——說一千道一萬,記住單詞是關鍵
主題單詞 B篇:adventurous adj.敢于創新的　　　cookery n.烹飪術
C篇:eatable adj.可吃的 frustration n.挫敗感
七選五:timid adj.膽小的 introverted adj.內向的
主題詞塊 B篇:television scheduling電視節目表　C篇:uncooperative weather不合作的天氣
熟詞生義 C篇:case熟義: n.情況,狀況　生義:n.實例
The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for planting a home garden.
家庭種植的水果是種植家庭菜園的一個可食用的例子。
難句剖析 A篇:Enjoyed by most Koreans,Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole,uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder,garlic,fish sauce(醬)and other spices.
[譯文]　白菜泡菜是用未切好的白菜和韓國辣椒粉、大蒜、魚醬以及其他香料混合而成,深受韓國人的喜愛。
[分析]　主句是Cabbage Kimchi is made,Enjoyed...為過去分詞短語作狀語,mixed with...為過去分詞短語作定語,都表被動。
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