資源簡介

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A．A race to the South Pole.
B．An exploration of the Antarctic.
C．A heroic captain，Robert Falcon Scott.
D．The way to the South Pole can be too hard.
答案　A
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
1．How long did it take Amundsen and his team to get to the South Pole
A．Less than three months. B．Less than one month.
C．More than three months. D．Less than two months.
答案　C
2．What may lead to the death of Scott
A．Starvation. B．Cancer.
C．A terrible storm. D．Low spirits.
答案　A
3．What does Scott mean by writing “but what a price to pay”？
A．He spent much money on the journey.
B．He was optimistic about the journey.
C．Scott felt hopeless and he thought he would die.
D．He should not have taken the journey.
答案　C
4．What is the author’s attitude to Scott
A．Admirable. B．Subjective.
C．Objective. D．Disapproving.
答案　A
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
On 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott was 1.on his way to Antarctica when he received a message from another explorer Roald Amundsen，2.saying(say) that he was going to Antarctica，too.Then the race between the two was on.They first organised food bases before their journeys.Amundsen was the first 3.to leave(leave) on 8 September，1911.He and his team arrived at the Pole and put a Norwegian flag there.On 25 January，1912，they returned 4.safely(safe) to their starting base.
Captain Scott left on 1 November，1911，and soon had problems.First his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious 5.difficulties(difficulty) with the snow and the cold.When Scott’s team finally arrived at the Pole，they were shocked and disappointed to see 6.the Norwegian flag and began their return journey，one of the worst in the history of 7.exploration(explore)．They were tired and running out of food.Nevertheless，they found and carried 20 kilos of rocks 8.which/that proved that in the distant past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.
9.Unfortunately(fortunate)，the members died one by one.The news of Scott’s death shocked the world.While Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，the great courage shown by Scott and his team made them 10.heroes(hero).
1．While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too. (P36 Para.1)
結構分析：此句為復合句。while引導時間狀語從句；which引導的是定語從句，修飾a message。
漢語翻譯：在去往南極洲的途中，他收到了挪威探險家羅爾德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中說他也要去南極洲。
2．We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death(die)，but though we tried to stop him，we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.(P37 Para.8)
結構分析：此句為but連接的并列句。第一個分句中，that引導賓語從句；第二個分句中，though引導讓步狀語從句，that引導賓語從句。
漢語翻譯：我們知道可憐的奧茨正走向死亡，盡管我們曾試圖阻止他，但我們都知道這是一個勇敢的人、一個英國紳士的行為。
3．Captain Scott left a record，for honesty(honest)，for sincerity，for bravery(brave)，for everything that makes a man.(P37 Para.11)
結構分析：此句為復合句。that引導定語從句，修飾everything。
漢語翻譯：斯科特上校將永載史冊，因為他誠實、真誠、勇敢，并擁有一個男人該有的一切。
4．Scott had failed to win(win) the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.(P37 Para.11)
結構分析：此句為but連接的并列句。第二個分句中，shown by Scott and his men為過去分詞短語作定語，修飾courage。
漢語翻譯：斯科特沒能贏得極點比賽，但斯科特和他的隊員表現出的巨大勇氣使他們成為英雄。
preparation n．準備，預備(prepare v．使有準備；預備prepared adj.準備好)
in preparation for為……做準備
make preparations for為……做準備
be in preparation在準備中
prepare to do sth準備做……
prepare for sth為……做準備
be prepared for為……做好準備(表狀態)
be prepared to do愿意做……
(1)When the doctor was preparing to do(do) the operation，he asked me if I was prepared(prepare) for it mentally.
(2)I have been working hard day and night in preparation(prepare) for the upcoming English contest.
(3)Well prepared(prepare) for the interview，I stepped into the interview room with confidence.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(應用文寫作之節日慶祝)為慶祝端午節，我們做了充分的準備，舉辦了各種各樣的活動來紀念屈原。
To celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival，we made full preparations and held a variety of activities in memory of Qu Yuan.
break down停止運轉，出故障；壞掉；(身體、精神)垮掉
break in插嘴；打斷；闖入
break into破門而入；突然開始
break out突然發生；爆發
break up破碎；解散；結束；散會；(學校)期終放假
break away from離開；脫離；突然掙脫
(1)用break短語的正確形式填空
Yesterday，my computer ①broke down unexpectedly，making me angry.Just then，my little brother ②broke in，asking me questions about his homework，which ③broke up my concentration.Suddenly，the power failure ④broke out in the entire neighborhood，adding to my frustration.Later，I managed to ⑤break away from the situation and took a walk to clear my mind.As I walked，a thought ⑥broke into my mind: emergencies can always happen，but it’s important to stay calm and keep going.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(應用文寫作之建議信)學會放松。如果你把自己逼得太緊，你可能因為壓力而崩潰。
Learn to relax.If you push yourself too hard，you might break down because of pressure.
prove vt.證明；證實(proof n．證據)
prove sth to sb 向某人證明……
prove sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n.　證明某人/某物是……
It is proved that...……被證實
(1)Give me a chance and I will prove my honesty to you.
(2)Lucas proved himself to be(be) equal to the position as a teacher.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(野生動物保護)事實證明，他們所采取的保護野生動物的措施是有效的。
It has been proved that the measures they took to protect wildlife are effective.
全部倒裝
Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(P36 Para.2)
極地的冬季來臨，四處一片黑暗。
結構分析：此句為簡單句。then位于句首，句子為全部倒裝。
英語中的倒裝句型分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。本句為全部倒裝，即將整個謂語部分放于主語之前，正常語序為The total darkness of the polar winter came then。全部倒裝句型要符合以下條件：
時間副詞now，then，地點副詞there，here，方位副詞away，in，off，up，out，down，以及表示方位的介詞短語等放于句首；
謂語動詞常為be，come，go，lie，stand，exist等不及物動詞；
句子主語是名詞。
(1)這里有一些我認為會對你有益的建議。
Here are some suggestions，which I think will be of benefit to you.
(2)聽到狗兇猛地吠叫，小偷匆匆逃走了。
Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away fled the thief in a hurry.
(3)(讀后續寫之環境描寫)山頂上有一個寧靜的湖，它倒映出上方清澈蔚藍的天空。
On the top of the mountain lies a peaceful lake，reflecting the clear blue sky above.
have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困難
The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.(P37 Para.8)
下一個離去的是奧茨船長，他連走路都很困難。
結構分析：此句為復合句。who引導定語從句。
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難(麻煩)；做某事費勁
have difficulty/trouble with sth 在某事方面有困難(麻煩)
with/without difficulty/trouble有/沒有困難(麻煩)
(1)他似乎總是毫不費力地解決問題，但實際上他為自己的任務做了充分的準備。
It seems that he always solves problems without difficulty，but actually he makes full preparations for his tasks.
(2)不論你是在語法方面有困難，還是記新單詞費勁，通過大聲地朗讀句子你就可以解決你的問題。
Whether you have difficulty/trouble with grammar，or have difficulty/trouble (in) memorizing new words，you can solve your problem by reading sentences aloud.
閱讀以下短文，體會加黑部分，完成下面的練習。
The ①relationship between young people and nonprofit ②organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very ③powerful ④educational experience.An open-minded and promising flow of ⑤communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and ⑥environmental change.Together，we can make the change.
句中的黑體詞是在原詞后邊加了后綴形成的新單詞，這種構詞法叫后綴構詞法，是派生詞的一種。如名詞與-ship結合，構成名詞，如①；動詞與-(t)ion，-ation結合，構成名詞，如②⑤；名詞與-al，-ful結合，構成形容詞，如③④⑥。
后綴
后綴是一種重要的構詞法。通過后綴常?？梢耘袛嘁粋€詞的詞性。在語言學中，后綴又被稱作詞尾，是一種置于其他詞素后的詞綴。常見的后綴有以下幾種：
分類 后綴及意義 例子
名詞 -ility能力；可能性 possibility可能性 ability能力 capability能力
-or，-er，-ee，-ar與……有關的人 teacher老師 actor演員 interviewee被采訪者 liar說謊者
-ment ……的組織/行為 development發展 government政府 movement運動
-sion，-(t)ion ……的行為/動作/結果 action行動 creation創造 conclusion結論
-ness ……的狀態/性質 illness疾病 business商業 darkness黑暗
-ship ……的關系/性質/才能 friendship友誼 ownership所有權 leadership領導能力
-ist ……家；……者 artist藝術家 scientist科學家
-ism ……主義 realism現實主義 idealism理想主義
-ian ……地方的人；……專長的人 Asian亞洲人 musician音樂家
形容詞 -able能……的 comfortable舒服的 valuable有價值的
-al具有……特性的 physical身體的 national國家的 political政治的
-ern表方向 western西方的 eastern東方的
-ful有……性質的 careful仔細的 useful有用的 meaningful有意義的
-ive具有……性質的 active活躍的 positive積極的 expensive昂貴的
-less沒有…… careless粗心的 harmless無害的
-some有……傾向的 handsome帥氣的 awesome可怕的 troublesome麻煩的
-like有……性質的；像…… dreamlike夢一般的 childlike孩子般的
動詞 -(e)n使；變得 widen加寬 strengthen增強 lengthen加長
-fy使……化 beautify美化 satisfy使滿意 simplify簡化
-ize/ise使成……狀態 realize實現 apologize道歉 organize組織
-ate賦予某物……作用 activate使活化 motivate推動
副詞 -ly以……方式 really真正地 perfectly完美地 suddenly突然
-down ……向下 facedown臉朝下地
-ward(s)向……；朝…… forward向前地 outward向外 eastward向東
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Obviously，houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are extremely(extreme) expensive.
2．Chinese New Year is a celebration(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
3．Kids and I are teaching ourselves French in preparation(prepare) for our planned vacation next autumn.
4．He never expected to have much difficulty(difficult) finding one who shared common interests with him.
5．There are some optional(option) courses for students to choose if they sign up tody.
6．Many of us once dreamed of becoming a scientist(science) when we were children.
7．To win a battle，you should clearly know your own strengths(strong) and weaknesses.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我們焦急地在陽光下等他，但是他從未現身。
We waited for him in the sun anxiously，but he never turned up.
2．我不想在生活中忙忙碌碌，而想做更有意義的事。
Instead of rushing at life，I wanted to do something more meaningful.
3．李林來到美國時，沒有工作，沒有朋友，還遭受著文化沖擊。
Li Lin was jobless，friendless，and suffering from culture shock，when arriving in America.
4．聽到這個壞消息，我們無法控制自己，悲傷的淚水像斷了線的珍珠一樣順著我們的臉流下來。
On hearing the bad news，we couldn’t contain ourselves，tears of sadness running down our faces like a broken string of pearls.
5．這個機構定期組織各種各樣的活動，鼓勵我們說英語的同時多交朋友。
The organization regularly organizes a variety of activities，encouraging us to speak English as well as make more friends.
Ⅲ.用所給詞的適當形式完成下面短文。
One day，I met a man with 1.disability(disable)．He spoke to me and explained his past life when he was 2.healthy(health)．He had worked in a car factory for five years，and then an accident left him disabled.Judging from his 3.expression(express)，he was an optimistic man.I told him that although he was 4.physically(physical) disabled，his heart was strong，and he could always depend on it.Besides，I have learnt from him that if you say a few good words and offer a little help to others，it will not only bring 5.happiness(happy) to you，but it will also be in other people’s hearts forever.
訓練4　Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．The students are studying hard in preparation for the coming exam.
2．In fact，the exploration(explore) of space began a long time ago.
3．There is no proof(prove) that they were the first to arrive at the continent.
4．No matter how serious your mistakes might be，honesty(honest) is always the best policy.
5．It was with sincerity(sincere) and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
6．Her cheerful(cheer) smile brightened up the entire room，filling it with warmth and laughter.
7．His new film，based(base) on a true story，has attracted people’s attention.
8．To an extent，a large variety of wild animals have difficulty with survival as a result of human activities.
9．Anxiously(anxious)，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only to find it didn’t fit.
10．So ambitious(ambition) was the captain that he was willing to take any risk to achieve his goals.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)(滿分15分)
1．上周三，我們買了食物和其他東西來準備徒步旅行。(in preparation for)
Last Wednesday，we bought food and other things in preparation for the hike.
2．星期四，我是最后一個到達目的地的，我沒能和朋友們會合。(the last to do)
On Thursday，I was the last to arrive at the destination，and I failed to join up with my friends.
3．實際上，是我記錯了時間，我很快意識到我很難趕上他們。(have difficulty in doing)
It turned out that I made a mistake about time，and I soon realized I had difficulty catching up with them.
4．天氣越來越熱，我越來越累，也越來越絕望。(比較級＋and＋比較級)
It got hotter and hotter，and I became more and more tired and hopeless.
5．幸運的是，當天下午稍晚時候，我發現山腳下有我的朋友在等我。(完全倒裝)
Luckily，later in the afternoon，I found that at the foot of the hill were my friends，who were waiting for me.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
參考范文
Last Wednesday，we bought food and other things in preparation for the hike.On Thursday，I was the last to arrive at the destination，and I failed to join up with my friends.It turned out that I made a mistake about time，and I soon realized I had difficulty catching up with them.It got hotter and hotter，and I became more and more tired and hopeless.Luckily，later in the afternoon，I found that at the foot of the hill were my friends，who were waiting for me.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·江蘇淮安高一上期中)
The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience，and I am thankful for it.However，it also makes me realize our presence here sounds pointless in this great setting，like we are visitors from another world.
Our 10-day journey explored the Svalbard islands in northern Norway.At our farthest point，the North Pole was still 600 miles away，but I had never been so far north.It felt like we were at the top of the world.
The story of humans in the Norwegian Arctic is all about looting(掠奪) the natural world for fur，coal and other resources(資源)．The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596，searching for a northeast passage to China.History presenter Federico Gargiulo explained that this discovery put the Arctic on the map.That attracted people to come and try to take those resources.
Today，there are environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day，we watched videos that laid down the law: Do not touch or take anything，and stay with your armed guide for protection from polar bears.We also washed our shoes and feet before boarding or leaving the ship to make the land free of pollution.
Tourists pay a lot and travel far to see Arctic wildlife.On our last night，we finally got a close-up of a polar bear.Everyone rushed to the decks(甲板) with cameras.We saw the bear swimming towards us，and as it got closer，we could make out its black eyes and rounded ears.
Quark Expeditions’ guides are experienced in different fields.I learned a lot from them.The guide Austin Hart’s words impressed me: “It’s not much of a human planet.Dinosaurs were around for 180 million years.I don’t know if humans have that long.” As I stood among ice and snowy mountains，this made me feel unbelievably small.
1．Why did Willem Barentsz come to the Norwegian Arctic
A．To draw a map of Norway.
B．To find a northeast path to China.
C．To explore the local history.
D．To search for a passage to Holland.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596，searching for a northeast passage to China.”可知，Willem Barentsz來挪威北極地區是為了找到一條通往中國的東北通道，故選B。
2．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Strict rules on visiting the Arctic.
B．The rising number of tourists.
C．The measures to protect wildlife.
D．Useful tips on watching birds.
答案　A
解析　段落大意題。根據第四段“Today，there are environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day，we watched videos that laid down the law：Do not touch or take anything...”可知，本段主要是講參觀北極的嚴格規定，故選A。
3．How does the author feel after the journey
A．Our presence fits in with the planet.
B．It’s too cold on the Svalbard islands.
C．Human beings are tiny in this world.
D．We must stop using natural resources.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“As I stood among ice and snowy mountains，this made me feel unbelievably small.”可知，作者在這次旅行后感覺人類在這個世界上是如此渺小，故選C。
4．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A history book. B．A news report.
C．A research paper. D．A travel magazine.
答案　D
解析　文章出處題。根據第一段“The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience...”并結合全文內容可知，文章主要講述了作者隨Quark Expeditions前往北極旅行的經歷，所以這篇文章可能出現在旅游雜志中。故選D。
B
Scientists agree glacial melting is linked to climate change caused by human activity.Each year in the Swiss Alps，a group of residents(居民) makes its way to the Rh ne Glacier to cover up the ice in huge white blankets that reflect the sun to prevent melting.
The blankets might seem like a quick fix，but they could reduce seasonal melting by up to 70 percent.The residents near the Swiss glacier have used the blankets every summer for the last eight years.It’s a popular tourist destination，but the ice has been melting over the last 10 years.About 131 feet of the roughly 5-mile-long glacier have disappeared in that time.
And it’s not the only effort to stop or slow glacial melting.Scientists are now proposing higher-tech solutions to further slow the impact of global warming on glacial ice around the world.One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater at the mouth of at-risk glaciers near the sea，such as Thwaites Glacier in the Antarctic.The walls，which would stretch(延伸) for miles on the sea floor，would slow or prevent their collapse.
Robinson Meyer explained that if these mounds work，glaciers that would otherwise collapse in 100 years could last for another millennium(千年)．The proposal would not only protect the glacier but also hold off sea-level rise by preventing the melt water from entering the ocean.
Last year，another group of scientists came up with a plan to cover a part of glaciers in the Swiss Alps with artificial(人工的) snow.The idea was a higher-tech version of the huge blankets; both the blankets and the snow reflect the sun rather than absorbing it.Unlike the use of blankets to protect ice，these ideas are still hypothetical.So whether these fixes have any real potential on a large，real-life scale remains to be seen.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們為防止或減緩冰川融化所做出的努力，包括使用巨大白色毯子覆蓋冰川、在海底建造土石堆以減緩或防止冰川崩塌，以及提出用人造雪覆蓋冰川等方案。
5．What do we know about the white blanket way according to the text
A．Effective and quick. B．Convenient but costly.
C．Approachable but fancy. D．Adaptive but impractical.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“The blankets might seem like a quick fix，but they could reduce seasonal melting by up to 70 percent.”可知，白色毯子方法雖然看起來是一個權宜之計，但卻非常有效，能大幅減少冰川的季節性融化。因此，白色毯子的方式是“有效且快速”的。故選A項。
6．How would scientists protect Thwaites Glacier
A．Prevent sea water from covering up glaciers.
B．Apply new technology to reducing global warming.
C．Build walls at the meeting point of the glacier and the sea.
D．Expand seashore and sea floor around and in the Antarctic.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater at the mouth of at-risk glaciers near the sea...The walls，which would stretch(延伸)...slow or prevent their collapse.”可知，科學家保護斯韋茨冰川的方法是在靠近海洋的危險的冰川口建造水下沙石堆。這些墻將在海底延伸數英里，以減緩或防止冰川崩塌。故選C項。
7．How many ways to slow glaciers melting are introduced in the text
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。通讀全文，根據第一段中的“to cover up the ice in huge white blankets...”；第三段中的“One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater...”和最后一段中的“to cover a part of glaciers ...with artificial(人工的) snow”可知，文中共介紹了三種減緩冰川融化的方法：用白色毯子覆蓋冰川、在海底建造土石堆以減緩或防止冰川崩塌和用人工雪覆蓋冰川。故選B項。
8．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Artificial snow can absorb more sunlight.
B．These strategies have been put into practical use.
C．New technology could cause more glaciers melting.
D．The blankets and snow fixes are based on a similar rule.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“The idea was a higher-tech version of the huge blankets; both the blankets and the snow reflect the sun rather than absorbing it.”可知，無論是用毯子還是用人造雪，其原理都是反射陽光，而不是吸收陽光，從而減緩冰川的融化。故推知，毯子和雪的修復方法是基于相似的原理。故選D項。
Ⅳ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2025·湖北武漢高一上期中)
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.This annual movement is called migration. 1 One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every autumn，millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. 2
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer. 3 It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.Eventually，it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
4 Its population has crashed by as much as 90 percent in the last few years.Sadly，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found，people are destroying the natural environment.They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars(毛蟲) eat.
The research on the monarch’s behavior has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on. 5 The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
A．However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B．They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C．They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D．In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E．If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F．The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G．The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙以及人類活動是導致其數量下降的主要原因，最后作者呼吁大家行動起來保護這種美麗的生物。
1．答案　C
解析　根據前文“This annual movement is called migration.”和后文“One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.”可知，空前對遷徙做出了解釋，空后進一步提到了黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙，C項“它們遷徙是為了尋找食物，尋找伴侶，或者尋找溫暖的天氣”是對前文的進一步解釋，并引出下文。故選C項。
2．答案　A
解析　上文提到的“begin a long and difficult journey”說明這些蝴蝶開始了漫長又艱難的旅行，下文則提到一個科學家團隊找到了答案，由此可知，空處承上啟下，對黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙方式提出疑問。A項“然而直到最近，才有人知道它們是如何做到這一點的”承接上文，引出下文。故選A項。
3．答案　B
解析　根據空后“It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.”可知，后文解釋了蝴蝶如何知道每天的時間和路程的方向。B項“他們發現黑脈金斑蝶能夠辨別一天中的時間”照應下文中的“the time of day”，故選B項。
4．答案　F
解析　空后“Its population has crashed by as much as 90 percent in the last few years.”說明在過去的幾年里，黑脈金斑蝶的數量減少了90%。F項“解開黑脈金斑蝶驚人能力之謎的方法出現在它陷入嚴重危機的時候”符合語境，引出下文，空后是對“in serious trouble”的解釋，故選F項。
5．答案　E
解析　空前“People have been working together...feed on.說明了人類為保護黑脈金斑蝶采取的措施，E項“如果這有效，那么黑脈金斑蝶的數量可能會再次增加”承接上文，this指代上文對黑脈金斑蝶的保護措施，此處是保護的效果。故選E項。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·浙江寧波高一上期中)
We are on a hike on the plains of Xizang to observe Tibetan antelopes，a species 1._______ once faced serious threats from illegal hunting and habitat 2. (lose)．Valued for their fur，they were mercilessly hunted and killed.Besides，some of their habitats gave way 3.________ new roads and railways.In the 1980s and 1990s，their population dropped sharply by over 50%.
In order to prevent Tibetan antelopes from 4. (die) out，the Chinese government set up the Changtang National Nature Reserve and took a series of measures，such as building bridges and gates on the plains 5. (help) them move freely and safely.Moreover，volunteers like Zhaxi，our local guide，were asked to conduct round-the-clock patrols(巡邏)．Zhaxi considers 6. land sacred，believing protecting the wildlife 7. (be) important not only for the animals but also for the people there.
These efforts proved to be 8. (effect)．Starting from 2015，Tibetan antelopes were no longer an endangered species.However，the government continues the protection programs，as the species still faces some threats.
We should realize that although great progress 9. (make) in protecting wildlife in the past years，much remains to be done.We must learn to live in harmony with nature if we want to 10. (true) save our planet.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在西藏平原徒步觀察藏羚羊的經歷，介紹了藏羚羊曾面臨的威脅，以及為了保護藏羚羊，中國政府所采取的措施。
1．答案　which/that
解析　考查定語從句。空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a species，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，所以空處需用關系代詞which或that引導定語從句。故填which/that。
2．答案　loss/losses
解析　考查名詞。空處為介詞from的賓語，應用所給詞lose的名詞形式loss，意為“喪失；損失”，既可作可數名詞，也可作不可數名詞，此處可用其復數形式losses表示多處棲息地的喪失，故填loss/losses。
3．答案　to
解析　考查介詞。give way to為固定短語，意為“被……替代；為……所取代”。故填to。
4．答案　dying
解析　考查非謂語動詞。prevent sb/sth from doing sth為固定短語，意為“阻止某人/某物做某事”。故填dying。
5．答案　to help
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處應填非謂語動詞，在句中作目的狀語，應用不定式形式。故填to help。
6．答案　the
解析　考查冠詞。land為可數名詞，此處表特指，所以用定冠詞the修飾。故填the。
7．答案　is
解析　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。believing后為省略that的賓語從句，設空處為賓語從句的謂語動詞，陳述事實應用一般現在時，動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。故填is。
8．答案　effective
解析　考查形容詞。be動詞后接形容詞作表語，描述主語These efforts，effect的形容詞形式為effective，意為“有效的”。故填effective。
9．答案　has been made
解析　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。make在句中作謂語動詞，且根據時間狀語in the past years可知應用現在完成時，并且make與主語great progress構成被動關系，故應用現在完成時的被動語態，great progress為不可數名詞，助動詞用has。故填has been made。
10．答案　truly
解析　考查副詞。根據句意，空處修飾動詞save，作狀語，應用副詞形式，true的副詞形式為truly。故填truly。(共90張PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
HUMANS AND NATURE
UNIT 5
內容索引
Part 1　課文深度理解
Part 2　長句難句分析
Part 3　語言知識梳理
Part 4　語法項目精講
訓練4
課文深度理解
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A.A race to the South Pole.
B.An exploration of the Antarctic.
C.A heroic captain，Robert Falcon Scott.
D.The way to the South Pole can be too hard.
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
Antarctica
dogs
progress
flag
back
tired
food
terrible
exploration
failed
courage
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
1.How long did it take Amundsen and his team to get to the South Pole
A.Less than three months.
B.Less than one month.
C.More than three months.
D.Less than two months.
√
2.What may lead to the death of Scott
A.Starvation.
B.Cancer.
C.A terrible storm.
D.Low spirits.
√
3.What does Scott mean by writing “but what a price to pay”？
A.He spent much money on the journey.
B.He was optimistic about the journey.
C.Scott felt hopeless and he thought he would die.
D.He should not have taken the journey.
√
4.What is the author’s attitude to Scott
A.Admirable.
B.Subjective.
C.Objective.
D.Disapproving.
√
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
On 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott was 1. his way to Antarctica when he received a message from another explorer Roald Amundsen，2. (say) that he was going to Antarctica，too.Then the race between the two was on.They first organised food bases before their journeys.Amundsen was the first 3. (leave) on 8 September，1911. He and his team arrived at the Pole and put a Norwegian flag there.On 25 January，1912，they returned 4. (safe) to their starting base.
on
saying
to leave
safely
Captain Scott left on 1 November，1911，and soon had problems. First his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious 5. (difficulty) with the snow and the cold.When Scott’s team finally arrived at the Pole，they were shocked and disappointed to see 6. Norwegian flag and began their return journey，one of the worst in the history of 7. (explore).They were tired and running out of food.Nevertheless，they found and carried 20 kilos of rocks 8. proved that in the distant past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.
difficulties
the
exploration
which/that
9. (fortunate)，the members died one by one.The news of Scott’s death shocked the world.While Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，the great courage shown by Scott and his team made them 10. (hero).
Unfortunately
heroes
返 回
長句難句分析
1.While he was on the way Antarctica，he received a message the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too. (P36 Para.1)
結構分析：此句為 句。while引導 從句；which引導的是_____從句，修飾 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
to
from
復合
時間狀語
定語
a message
　　　　　在去往南極洲的途中，他收到了挪威探險家羅爾德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中說他也要去南極洲。
2.We knew that poor Oates was walking to his (die)，but though we tried to stop him，we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.(P37 Para.8)
結構分析：此句為but連接的 句。第一個分句中，that引導 從句；第二個分句中，though引導 從句，that引導 從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
death
并列
賓語
讓步狀語
賓語
　　　　　我們知道可憐的奧茨正走向死亡，盡管我們曾試圖阻止他，但我們都知道這是一個勇敢的人、一個英國紳士的行為。
3.Captain Scott left a record，for (honest)，for sincerity，for ________(brave)，for everything that makes a man.(P37 Para.11)
結構分析：此句為 句。that引導 從句，修飾 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
honesty
bravery
復合
定語
everything
　　　　　斯科特上校將永載史冊，因為他誠實、真誠、勇敢，并擁有一個男人該有的一切。
4.Scott had failed (win) the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.(P37 Para.11)
結構分析：此句為but連接的 句。第二個分句中，shown by Scott and his men為過去分詞短語作 ，修飾 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
to win
并列
定語
courage
　　　　　斯科特沒能贏得極點比賽，但斯科特和他的隊員表現出的巨大勇氣使他們成為英雄。
返 回
語言知識梳理
n.準備，預備(prepare v.使有準備；預備prepared adj.準備好)
1
preparation
·in preparation for為……做準備
　make preparations for為……做準備
　be in preparation在準備中
·prepare to do sth準備做……
　prepare for sth 為……做準備
·be prepared for為……做好準備(表狀態)
　be prepared to do愿意做……
(1)When the doctor was preparing (do) the operation，he asked me if I was (prepare) for it mentally.
(2)I have been working hard day and night in (prepare) for the upcoming English contest.
(3)Well (prepare) for the interview，I stepped into the interview room with confidence.
to do
prepared
preparation
prepared
寫作佳句
(4)(應用文寫作之節日慶祝)為慶祝端午節，我們做了充分的準備，舉辦了各種各樣的活動來紀念屈原。
To celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival，____________________
in memory of Qu Yuan.
we made full
preparations and held a variety of activities
停止運轉，出故障；壞掉；(身體、精神)垮掉
2
break down
break in插嘴；打斷；闖入
break into破門而入；突然開始
break out突然發生；爆發
break up破碎；解散；結束；散會；(學校)期終放假
break away from離開；脫離；突然掙脫
(1)用break短語的正確形式填空
Yesterday，my computer ① unexpectedly，making me angry.Just then，my little brother ② ，asking me questions about his homework，which ③ my concentration.Suddenly，the power failure ④ in the entire neighborhood，adding to my frustration.Later，I managed to ⑤ the situation and took a walk to clear my mind.As I walked，a thought ⑥ my mind: emergencies can always happen，but it’s important to stay calm and keep going.
broke down
broke in
broke up
broke out
break away from
broke into
寫作佳句
(2)(應用文寫作之建議信)學會放松。如果你把自己逼得太緊，你可能因為壓力而崩潰。
Learn to relax.If you push yourself too hard，_______________
.
you might break
down because of pressure
vt.證明；證實(proof n.證據)
3
prove
prove sth to sb 向某人證明……
prove sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n.　證明某人/某物是……
It is proved that...……被證實
(1)Give me a chance and I will prove my honesty you.
(2)Lucas proved himself (be) equal to the position as a teacher.
to
to be
寫作佳句
(3)(野生動物保護)事實證明，他們所采取的保護野生動物的措施是有效的。
the measures they took to protect wildlife are effective.
It has been proved that
4
全部倒裝
Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(P36 Para.2)
極地的冬季來臨，四處一片黑暗。
結構分析：此句為簡單句。then位于句首，句子為全部倒裝。
英語中的倒裝句型分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。本句為全部倒裝，即將整個謂語部分放于主語之前，正常語序為The total darkness of the polar winter came then。全部倒裝句型要符合以下條件：
·時間副詞now，then，地點副詞there，here，方位副詞away，in，off，up，out，down，以及表示方位的介詞短語等放于句首；
·謂語動詞常為be，come，go，lie，stand，exist等不及物動詞；
·句子主語是名詞。
(1)這里有一些我認為會對你有益的建議。
，which I think will be of benefit to you.
(2)聽到狗兇猛地吠叫，小偷匆匆逃走了。
Hearing the dog barking fiercely， in a hurry.
(3)(讀后續寫之環境描寫)山頂上有一個寧靜的湖，它倒映出上方清澈蔚藍的天空。
，reflecting the clear blue sky above.
Here are some suggestions
away fled the thief
On the top of the mountain lies a peaceful lake
做某事有困難
5
have difficulty (in) doing sth
The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.(P37 Para.8)
下一個離去的是奧茨船長，他連走路都很困難。
結構分析：此句為復合句。who引導定語從句。
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難(麻煩)；做某事費勁
have difficulty/trouble with sth 在某事方面有困難(麻煩)
with/without difficulty/trouble有/沒有困難(麻煩)
(1)他似乎總是毫不費力地解決問題，但實際上他為自己的任務做了充分的準備。
It seems that he always ，but actually he makes full preparations for his tasks.
(2)不論你是在語法方面有困難，還是記新單詞費勁，通過大聲地朗讀句子你就可以解決你的問題。
Whether you ，or ______________
，you can solve your problem by reading sentences aloud.
solves problems without difficulty
have difficulty/trouble with grammar
have difficulty/
trouble (in) memorizing new words
返 回
語法項目精講
情境導讀
閱讀以下短文，體會加顏色部分，完成下面的練習。
The ①relationship between young people and nonprofit ②organizations can be the start of a great change in the community and should be a very ③powerful ④educational experience.An open-minded and promising flow of ⑤communication between organizations and community members can be the start of social and ⑥environmental change.Together，we can make the change.
句中的加顏色詞是在原詞后邊加了 形成的新單詞，這種構詞法叫_____
，是派生詞的一種。如名詞與-ship結合，構成 詞，如①；動詞與-(t)ion，-ation結合，構成 詞，如②⑤；名詞與-al，-ful結合，構成 詞，如③④⑥。
后綴
后綴
構詞法
名
名
形容
語法精講
后綴
后綴是一種重要的構詞法。通過后綴常?？梢耘袛嘁粋€詞的詞性。在語言學中，后綴又被稱作詞尾，是一種置于其他詞素后的詞綴。常見的后綴有以下幾種：
分類 后綴及意義 例子
名詞 -ility能力；可能性 possibility可能性
ability能力
capability能力
-or，-er，-ee，-ar與……有關的人 teacher老師
actor演員
interviewee被采訪者
liar說謊者
-ment ……的組織/行為 development發展
government政府
movement運動
分類 后綴及意義 例子
名詞 -sion，-(t)ion ……的行為/動作/結果 action行動
creation創造
conclusion結論
-ness ……的狀態/性質 illness疾病
business商業
darkness黑暗
-ship ……的關系/性質/才能 friendship友誼
ownership所有權
leadership領導能力
分類 后綴及意義 例子
名詞 -ist ……家；……者 artist藝術家
scientist科學家
-ism ……主義 realism現實主義
idealism理想主義
-ian ……地方的人；……專長的人 Asian亞洲人
musician音樂家
形容詞 -able能……的 comfortable舒服的
valuable有價值的
分類 后綴及意義 例子
形容詞 -al具有……特性的 physical身體的
national國家的
political政治的
-ern表方向 western西方的
eastern東方的
-ful有……性質的 careful仔細的
useful有用的
meaningful有意義的
分類 后綴及意義 例子
形容詞 -ive具有……性質的 active活躍的
positive積極的
expensive昂貴的
-less沒有…… careless粗心的
harmless無害的
-some有……傾向的 handsome帥氣的
awesome可怕的
troublesome麻煩的
-like有……性質的；像…… dreamlike夢一般的
childlike孩子般的
分類 后綴及意義 例子
動詞 -(e)n使；變得 widen加寬
strengthen增強
lengthen加長
-fy使……化 beautify美化
satisfy使滿意
simplify簡化
-ize/ise使成……狀態 realize實現
apologize道歉
organize組織
分類 后綴及意義 例子
動詞 -ate賦予某物……作用 activate使活化
motivate推動
副詞 -ly以……方式 really真正地
perfectly完美地
suddenly突然
-down ……向下 facedown臉朝下地
-ward(s)向……；朝…… forward向前地
outward向外
eastward向東
達標檢測
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.Obviously，houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are __________ (extreme) expensive.
2.Chinese New Year is a (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
3.Kids and I are teaching ourselves French in (prepare) for our planned vacation next autumn.
4.He never expected to have much (difficult) finding one who shared common interests with him.
extremely
celebration
preparation
difficulty
5.There are some (option) courses for students to choose if they sign up tody.
6.Many of us once dreamed of becoming a (science) when we were children.
7.To win a battle，you should clearly know your own (strong) and weaknesses.
optional
scientist
strengths
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我們焦急地在陽光下等他，但是他從未現身。
，but he never turned up.
2.我不想在生活中忙忙碌碌，而想做更有意義的事。
Instead of rushing at life，I wanted to do .
3.李林來到美國時，沒有工作，沒有朋友，還遭受著文化沖擊。
，and suffering from culture shock，when arriving in America.
We waited for him in the sun anxiously
something more meaningful
Li Lin was jobless，friendless
4.聽到這個壞消息，我們無法控制自己，悲傷的淚水像斷了線的珍珠一樣順著我們的臉流下來。
On hearing the bad news，we couldn’t contain ourselves，____________
running down our faces like a broken string of pearls.
5.這個機構定期組織各種各樣的活動，鼓勵我們說英語的同時多交朋友。
，encouraging us to speak English as well as make more friends.
tears of
sadness
The organization regularly organizes a variety of activities
Ⅲ.用所給詞的適當形式完成下面短文。
One day，I met a man with 1. (disable).He spoke to me and explained his past life when he was 2. (health).He had worked in a car factory for five years，and then an accident left him disabled.Judging from his 3. (express)，he was an optimistic man.I told him that although he was 4. (physical) disabled，his heart was strong，and he could always depend on it.Besides，I have learnt from him that if you say a few good words and offer a little help to others，it will not only bring 5. (happy) to you，but it will also be in other people’s hearts forever.
disability
healthy
expression
physically
happiness
返 回
訓練4
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.The students are studying hard in preparation the coming exam.
2.In fact，the (explore) of space began a long time ago.
3.There is no (prove) that they were the first to arrive at the continent.
4.No matter how serious your mistakes might be， (honest) is always the best policy.
5.It was with (sincere) and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
for
exploration
proof
honesty
sincerity
6.Her (cheer) smile brightened up the entire room，filling it with warmth and laughter.
7.His new film， (base) on a true story，has attracted people’s attention.
8.To an extent，a large variety of wild animals have difficulty _____ survival as a result of human activities.
9. (anxious)，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only to find it didn’t fit.
10.So (ambition) was the captain that he was willing to take any risk to achieve his goals.
cheerful
based
with
Anxiously
ambitious
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)
1.上周三，我們買了食物和其他東西來準備徒步旅行。(in preparation for)
Last Wednesday，we bought food and other things ___________________
.
2.星期四，我是最后一個到達目的地的，我沒能和朋友們會合。(the last to do)
On Thursday， ，and I failed to join up with my friends.
in preparation for the
hike
I was the last to arrive at the destination
3.實際上，是我記錯了時間，我很快意識到我很難趕上他們。(have difficulty in doing)
It turned out that I made a mistake about time，and I soon realized I ____
.
4.天氣越來越熱，我越來越累，也越來越絕望。(比較級＋and＋比較級)
It got hotter and hotter， .
5.幸運的是，當天下午稍晚時候，我發現山腳下有我的朋友在等我。(完全倒裝)
Luckily，later in the afternoon，I found that ________________________
，who were waiting for me.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
had
difficulty catching up with them
and I became more and more tired and hopeless
at the foot of the hill were
my friends
參考范文
Last Wednesday，we bought food and other things in preparation for the hike.On Thursday，I was the last to arrive at the destination，and I failed to join up with my friends.It turned out that I made a mistake about time，and I soon realized I had difficulty catching up with them.It got hotter and hotter，and I became more and more tired and hopeless.Luckily，later in the afternoon，I found that at the foot of the hill were my friends，who were waiting for me.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
A
(2025·江蘇淮安高一上期中)
The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience，and I am thankful for it.However，it also makes me realize our presence here sounds pointless in this great setting，like we are visitors from another world.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文，主要描述了作者隨Quark Expeditions前往北極旅行的經歷。
Our 10-day journey explored the Svalbard islands in northern Norway.At our farthest point，the North Pole was still 600 miles away，but I had never been so far north.It felt like we were at the top of the world.
The story of humans in the Norwegian Arctic is all about looting(掠奪) the natural world for fur，coal and other resources(資源).The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596，searching for a northeast passage to China.History presenter Federico Gargiulo explained that this discovery put the Arctic on the map.That attracted people to come and try to take those resources.
Today，there are environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day，we watched videos that laid down the law: Do not touch or take anything，and stay with your armed guide for protection from polar bears.We also washed our shoes and feet before boarding or leaving the ship to make the land free of pollution.
Tourists pay a lot and travel far to see Arctic wildlife.On our last night，we finally got a close-up of a polar bear.Everyone rushed to the decks(甲板) with cameras.We saw the bear swimming towards us，and as it got closer，we could make out its black eyes and rounded ears.
Quark Expeditions’ guides are experienced in different fields.I learned a lot from them.The guide Austin Hart’s words impressed me: “It’s not much of a human planet.Dinosaurs were around for 180 million years.I don’t know if humans have that long.” As I stood among ice and snowy mountains，this made me feel unbelievably small.
1.Why did Willem Barentsz come to the Norwegian Arctic
A.To draw a map of Norway.
B.To find a northeast path to China.
C.To explore the local history.
D.To search for a passage to Holland.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中的“The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596，searching for a northeast passage to China.”可知，Willem Barentsz來挪威北極地區是為了找到一條通往中國的東北通道，故選B。
解析
2.What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Strict rules on visiting the Arctic.
B.The rising number of tourists.
C.The measures to protect wildlife.
D.Useful tips on watching birds.
√
段落大意題。根據第四段“Today，there are environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day，we watched videos that laid down the law：Do not touch or take anything...”可知，本段主要是講參觀北極的嚴格規定，故選A。
解析
3.How does the author feel after the journey
A.Our presence fits in with the planet.
B.It’s too cold on the Svalbard islands.
C.Human beings are tiny in this world.
D.We must stop using natural resources.
√
細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“As I stood among ice and snowy mountains，this made me feel unbelievably small.”可知，作者在這次旅行后感覺人類在這個世界上是如此渺小，故選C。
解析
4.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A history book.
B.A news report.
C.A research paper.
D.A travel magazine.
√
文章出處題。根據第一段“The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience...”并結合全文內容可知，文章主要講述了作者隨Quark Expeditions前往北極旅行的經歷，所以這篇文章可能出現在旅游雜志中。故選D。
解析
B
Scientists agree glacial melting is linked to climate change caused by human activity.Each year in the Swiss Alps，a group of residents(居民) makes its way to the Rh ne Glacier to cover up the ice in huge white blankets that reflect the sun to prevent melting.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們為防止或減緩冰川融化所做出的努力，包括使用巨大白色毯子覆蓋冰川、在海底建造土石堆以減緩或防止冰川崩塌，以及提出用人造雪覆蓋冰川等方案。
The blankets might seem like a quick fix，but they could reduce seasonal melting by up to 70 percent.The residents near the Swiss glacier have used the blankets every summer for the last eight years.It’s a popular tourist destination，but the ice has been melting over the last 10 years.About 131 feet of the roughly 5-mile-long glacier have disappeared in that time.
And it’s not the only effort to stop or slow glacial melting.Scientists are now proposing higher-tech solutions to further slow the impact of global warming on glacial ice around the world.One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater at the mouth of at-risk glaciers near the sea，such as Thwaites Glacier in the Antarctic.The walls，which would stretch(延伸) for miles on the sea floor，would slow or prevent their collapse.
Robinson Meyer explained that if these mounds work，glaciers that would otherwise collapse in 100 years could last for another millennium(千年). The proposal would not only protect the glacier but also hold off sea-level rise by preventing the melt water from entering the ocean.
Last year，another group of scientists came up with a plan to cover a part of glaciers in the Swiss Alps with artificial(人工的) snow.The idea was a higher-tech version of the huge blankets; both the blankets and the snow reflect the sun rather than absorbing it.Unlike the use of blankets to protect ice，these ideas are still hypothetical.So whether these fixes have any real potential on a large，real-life scale remains to be seen.
5.What do we know about the white blanket way according to the text
A.Effective and quick.
B.Convenient but costly.
C.Approachable but fancy.
D.Adaptive but impractical.
√
推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“The blankets might seem like a quick fix，but they could reduce seasonal melting by up to 70 percent.”可知，白色毯子方法雖然看起來是一個權宜之計，但卻非常有效，能大幅減少冰川的季節性融化。因此，白色毯子的方式是“有效且快速”的。故選A項。
解析
6.How would scientists protect Thwaites Glacier
A.Prevent sea water from covering up glaciers.
B.Apply new technology to reducing global warming.
C.Build walls at the meeting point of the glacier and the sea.
D.Expand seashore and sea floor around and in the Antarctic.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中的“One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater at the mouth of at-risk glaciers near the sea...The walls，which would stretch(延伸)...slow or prevent their collapse.”可知，科學家保護斯韋茨冰川的方法是在靠近海洋的危險的冰川口建造水下沙石堆。這些墻將在海底延伸數英里，以減緩或防止冰川崩塌。故選C項。
解析
7.How many ways to slow glaciers melting are introduced in the text
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Five.
√
細節理解題。通讀全文，根據第一段中的“to cover up the ice in huge white blankets...”；第三段中的“One idea is to build mounds(土石堆) of sand and stone underwater...”和最后一段中的“to cover a part of glaciers ...with artificial(人工的) snow”可知，文中共介紹了三種減緩冰川融化的方法：用白色毯子覆蓋冰川、在海底建造土石堆以減緩或防止冰川崩塌和用人工雪覆蓋冰川。故選B項。
解析
8.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Artificial snow can absorb more sunlight.
B.These strategies have been put into practical use.
C.New technology could cause more glaciers melting.
D.The blankets and snow fixes are based on a similar rule.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“The idea was a higher-tech version of the huge blankets; both the blankets and the snow reflect the sun rather than absorbing it.”可知，無論是用毯子還是用人造雪，其原理都是反射陽光，而不是吸收陽光，從而減緩冰川的融化。故推知，毯子和雪的修復方法是基于相似的原理。故選D項。
解析
Ⅳ.七選五
(2025·湖北武漢高一上期中)
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.This annual movement is called migration.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙以及人類活動是導致其數量下降的主要原因，最后作者呼吁大家行動起來保護這種美麗的生物。
1 One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
A.However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C.They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D.In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F.The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G.The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
√
根據前文“This annual movement is called migration.”和后文“One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.”可知，空前對遷徙做出了解釋，空后進一步提到了黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙，C項“它們遷徙是為了尋找食物，尋找伴侶，或者尋找溫暖的天氣”是對前文的進一步解釋，并引出下文。故選C項。
解析
Every autumn，millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico.
2
A.However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C.They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D.In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F.The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G.The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
√
上文提到的“begin a long and difficult journey”說明這些蝴蝶開始了漫長又艱難的旅行，下文則提到一個科學家團隊找到了答案，由此可知，空處承上啟下，對黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙方式提出疑問。A項“然而直到最近，才有人知道它們是如何做到這一點的”承接上文，引出下文。故選A項。
解析
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer. 3 It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.
A.However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C.They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D.In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F.The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G.The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
√
根據空后“It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.”可知，后文解釋了蝴蝶如何知道每天的時間和路程的方向。B項“他們發現黑脈金斑蝶能夠辨別一天中的時間”照應下文中的“the time of day”，故選B項。
解析
These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. Eventually，it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
4 Its population has crashed by as much as 90 percent in the last few years.
A.However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C.They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D.In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F.The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G.The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
√
空后“Its population has crashed by as much as 90 percent in the last few years.”說明在過去的幾年里，黑脈金斑蝶的數量減少了90%。F項“解開黑脈金斑蝶驚人能力之謎的方法出現在它陷入嚴重危機的時候”符合語境，引出下文，空后是對“in serious trouble”的解釋，故選F項。
解析
Sadly，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found，people are destroying the natural environment.They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars(毛蟲) eat.
The research on the monarch’s behavior has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.
5 The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
A.However，until recently no one knew how they did this.
B.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.
C.They migrate to find food，seek a partner，or in search of warmer weather.
D.In recent years it has become ever more apparent that monarch butterflies are in rapid decline.
E.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
F.The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
G.The entire journey happens in a few weeks as monarchs flock to the sky for their unbelievable migration.
√
空前“People have been working together...feed on.說明了人類為保護黑脈金斑蝶采取的措施，E項“如果這有效，那么黑脈金斑蝶的數量可能會再次增加”承接上文，this指代上文對黑脈金斑蝶的保護措施，此處是保護的效果。故選E項。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
(2025·浙江寧波高一上期中)
We are on a hike on the plains of Xizang to observe Tibetan antelopes，a species 1. once faced serious threats from illegal hunting and habitat 2. (lose).
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在西藏平原徒步觀察藏羚羊的經歷，介紹了藏羚羊曾面臨的威脅，以及為了保護藏羚羊，中國政府所采取的措施。
which/that
loss/losses
1.考查定語從句?？仗幰龑拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞a species，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，所以空處需用關系代詞which或that引導定語從句。故填which/that。
2.考查名詞?？仗帪榻樵~from的賓語，應用所給詞lose的名詞形式loss，意為“喪失；損失”，既可作可數名詞，也可作不可數名詞，此處可用其復數形式losses表示多處棲息地的喪失，故填loss/losses。
解析
Valued for their fur，they were mercilessly hunted and killed.Besides，some of their habitats gave way 3. new roads and railways.In the 1980s and 1990s，their population dropped sharply by over 50%.
to
考查介詞。give way to為固定短語，意為“被……替代；為……所取代”。故填to。
解析
In order to prevent Tibetan antelopes from 4. (die) out，the Chinese government set up the Changtang National Nature Reserve and took a series of measures，such as building bridges and gates on the plains 5. (help) them move freely and safely.
dying
to help
4.考查非謂語動詞。prevent sb/sth from doing sth為固定短語，意為“阻止某人/某物做某事”。故填dying。
5.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處應填非謂語動詞，在句中作目的狀語，應用不定式形式。故填to help。
解析
Moreover，volunteers like Zhaxi，our local guide，were asked to conduct round-the-clock patrols(巡邏).Zhaxi considers 6. land sacred，believing protecting the wildlife 7. (be) important not only for the animals but also for the people there.
the
is
6.考查冠詞。land為可數名詞，此處表特指，所以用定冠詞the修飾。故填the。
7.考查動詞時態和主謂一致。believing后為省略that的賓語從句，設空處為賓語從句的謂語動詞，陳述事實應用一般現在時，動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。故填is。
解析
These efforts proved to be 8. (effect).Starting from 2015，Tibetan antelopes were no longer an endangered species.However，the government continues the protection programs，as the species still faces some threats.
effective
考查形容詞。be動詞后接形容詞作表語，描述主語These efforts，effect的形容詞形式為effective，意為“有效的”。故填effective。
解析
We should realize that although great progress 9. (make) in protecting wildlife in the past years，much remains to be done.We must learn to live in harmony with nature if we want to 10. (true) save our planet.
has been made
truly
9.考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。make在句中作謂語動詞，且根據時間狀語in the past years可知應用現在完成時，并且make與主語great progress構成被動關系，故應用現在完成時的被動語態，great progress為不可數名詞，助動詞用has。故填has been made。
10.考查副詞。根據句意，空處修飾動詞save，作狀語，應用副詞形式，true的副詞形式為truly。故填truly。
解析
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