資源簡介

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the whole text
A．Two blogs about friendships.
B．Friendships in the virtual world.
C．The influence of the Internet on friendships.
D．The Internet plays an important role in friendships.
答案　C
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
Robert’s arguments Talking online is no replacement for 1.face-to-face contact.
The Internet can make people 2.self-centred.
Online relationships may not be 3.what they appear to be.
Cathy’s arguments The Internet makes communication 4.much more convenient.
The Internet has also made communication 5.more fun.
Online communication can bring people 6.closer to each other.
Main idea: 7.Different views on the effect of the Internet on friendships.
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
1．According to Robert，what can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A．Writing letters.
B．Telephoning each other.
C．Chatting frequently online.
D．Communicating face to face.
答案　D
2．Which of the following is the basis of friendship according to Robert
A．Honesty. B．Trust.
C．Personality. D．Ability.
答案　B
3．What does Cathy think of the Internet
A．The Internet limits people’s creativity.
B．The Internet does harm to one’s health.
C．The Internet can help develop friendship.
D．The Internet makes people self-focused.
答案　C
4．What do Robert and Cathy have in common about the effect of the Internet
A．The Internet can harm friendships.
B．The Internet can help develop friendships.
C．The Internet has no effects on friendships.
D．The Internet can bring people closer together.
答案　D
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
There are two blog posts about the effect of the Internet on friendships.One is from Robert，who holds 1.the view that while the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also be 2.harmful(harm) to friendships.Because 3.talking(talk) online can’t replace face-to-face contact，through 4.which important social skills are developed.He thinks that the Internet can make people think of only 5.themselves(they)．In addition，a lot of content 6.posted(post) on social media is shallow or trivial.Last，the people with whom you are chatting online may not be what they appear to be.So it is 7.particularly(particular) dangerous for those who are too trusting.However，the post from Cathy doesn’t subscribe 8.to his opinion.As far as she is 9.concerned(concern)，the Internet makes communication much more convenient and fun.Besides，online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help，friends can immediately provide useful 10.recommendations(recommend) or information.So，what is your opinion？
1．As we know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people.(P15 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為復合句，as引導非限制性定語從句，意為“正如，正像”。
漢語翻譯：眾所周知，重要的社交技能是通過直接與他人接觸培養的。
2．It is these skills that enable us to develop(develop) lifelong friendships.(P15 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為強調句，其結構為“it is＋被強調部分＋that...”，此句的被強調部分為主語these skills。
漢語翻譯：正是這些技能使我們能夠發展終生的友誼。
3．Friendships are built on the basis(base) of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are.(P15 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為并列復合句，其中and連接兩個并列分句。在后一個分句中，that引導賓語從句，who引導賓語從句，作about的賓語。
漢語翻譯：友誼建立在信任的基礎上，通過線上交流，你永遠不能百分之百地確信與你交談的人是否以誠相待。
4．Because of this，going online can be particularly(particular) dangerous for people who are easily(easy) influenced or too trusting.(P15 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為復合句，who引導定語從句，修飾people。
漢語翻譯：因此，對于那些容易受影響或過于信任他人的人來說，上網尤其危險。
5．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(P16 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為復合句。其中no matter where/what引導讓步狀語從句。
漢語翻譯：無論你在哪里，又或者在做什么，都可以和朋友們保持聯系。
6．Using(use) a smartphone，a tablet or a computer，you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move.(P16 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句；on the move意為“在行進，在遷移”。
漢語翻譯：通過使用智能手機、平板電腦或電腦，無論你在家里還是在外面都能與他人聯絡。
7．To me，this is a very thought-provoking argument(argue)，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(P16 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為復合句。as引導原因狀語從句，意為“因為”。
漢語翻譯：對我來說，這非常發人深省，因為它指出了線上友誼的好處。
8．Finally，I believe the Internet brings people closer(close) together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting.(P16 Para.5)
結構分析：此句為復合句。believe后面為省略從屬連詞that的賓語從句，其中makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting為“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構。
漢語翻譯：最后，我相信互聯網能使人們更緊密地聯系在一起，讓與朋友的交流更加方便和有趣。
harm n．& vt.傷害，損害(harmful adj.有害的；造成損害的harmless adj.無害的)
do harm to sb＝do sb harm傷害某人
There is no harm in doing...做……無害處。
be harmful to對……有害
(1)While the sun’s rays can be harmful(harm) to our skin，they also give us beneficial vitamin D.
(2)You should at least give him a chance.After all，there is no harm in listening(listen) to his opinion.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(2021·全國乙，書面表達)此外，整天盯著屏幕會傷害我們的眼睛。
In addition，staring at the screen all day long is harmful to/does harm to our eyes.
argument n．論點；論據；爭論；爭辯(argue v．爭論；勸說；主張)
beyond argument無可爭辯
argue with sb about/over sth與某人爭論某事
argue for/against (doing) sth據理支持/反對(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth說服某人做/不做某事
(1)It is beyond argument(argue) that we will benefit from the latest technology innovation.
(2)They are arguing with each other about/over the solution to the problem.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(2022·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續寫)令我非常高興的是，我終于說服了大衛參加越野跑，這是一項被認為很有意義的活動。
To my great joy，I finally argued David into taking part in the cross-country run，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
replace vt.取代；代替；接替[replacement n．替換的人(物)]
replace A with/by B　用B替代A
take the place of＝take one’s place代替；替代
in place of代替
(1)More and more families replace bicycles with/by private cars，which，in turn，results in air pollution.
(2)You can use an avata in place of the real image of yourself in online communication.
[寫作佳句]
(3)毫無疑問，沒有什么能取代母親的愛和關懷。
There is no doubt that nothing can replace/take the place of mother’s love and care.
rewarding adj.有益的；有意義的(reward vt.獎勵；酬謝n.報酬；獎勵)
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而獎賞/酬謝某人
reward sb with sth用某物獎賞/回報某人
in reward for為獎賞……；為報答……
as a reward for作為對……的獎賞/回報
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded for your generosity in the future.”
(2)I firmly believe that it will be a rewarding(reward) and worthwhile experience for you.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(應用文寫作之感謝信)我很樂意帶你游玩北京，以報答你的慷慨幫助。
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for/as a reward for your generous help.
content n．內容；目錄；容量 adj.滿意的，滿足的
·be content with＝be satisfied with對……滿意；滿足
be content to do sth樂于做某事
·with content 滿意地
(1)Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no big difference in life.
(2)My parents are content to live(live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and fresh.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(讀后續寫之高興情緒描寫)我的老師立刻咯咯笑了起來，臉上洋溢著滿足的微笑。他很滿足地對我說：“我對你在寫作比賽中的表現很滿意。”
Giggling instantly with a content smile spreading on his face, my teacher said to me with content，“I am/feel quite content with your performance in the writing contest.”
basis n．基準，準則；基礎；基點(base n．根基；底座；基地；基礎vt.以……為根據basic adj.基礎的 basically adv.基本上；總的來說)
on the basis of在……的基礎上
on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基礎上
be based on/upon以……為根據(基礎)
(1)It is essential that opinions should be expressed on the basis(base) of fact.
(2)Based on/upon true stories，the movie has an emotional impact on the audience.
(3)Basically speaking，education is about teaching learning skills rather than basic knowledge.(base)
[寫作佳句]
(4)如果你想提升英語口語能力，就應該養成每天練習的習慣。
If you want to improve your oral English，you should make it a rule to practice on a daily basis.
focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦點
focus (...) on/upon...(把……)集中于……
the focus of...……的焦點/中心
(1)Getting addicted to the virtual world makes it hard for him to focus on/upon the other things in real life.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(2021·浙江1月，讀后續寫)頭發打結，南瓜肉蓋著鼻子，我成了那些觀看這條網上視頻的人關注的焦點。
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of the attention of those who viewed the video posted online.
(3)(讀后續寫之動作描寫)那么多眼睛盯著我，我的臉漲得通紅，開始結結巴巴地進行我的演講。
With so many eyes focused on/upon me，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(P15 Para.2)
根據育兒專家丹尼斯·丹尼爾斯的說法，通過屏幕交流會使兒童更難集中注意力或對他人表示善意。
結構分析：此句為簡單句。communicating through a screen為動名詞短語作主語；本句應用了make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth結構，其中it是形式賓語，more difficult是賓語補足語，真正的賓語是后邊的不定式to concentrate...to others。
————————————————————————————————————————
當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或賓語從句時，往往把賓語放在它的補足語后面，而用it作形式賓語，放在賓語補足語前。常用的動詞有make，think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)你最好把每天練習說英語當作一種慣例。
You had better make it a rule to practice speaking English every day.
(2)我到了那兒以后，我發現跟新同事相處很容易。
When I settled there，I found it easy to get along with my new workmates.
(3)我從5歲起就開始學習英語，這讓我可以方便地與他人交流。
I have been learning English since I was 5，which makes it possible for me to communicate with others conveniently.
閱讀以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成其后的練習。
The Internet makes it easier for people to communicate with each other.Using a smartphone，people can talk online，browse the websites，and develop lifelong friendships online.However，many people think that talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact，and the Internet may make teenagers self-centred.The best way to maintain healthy relationships is to have face-to-face communication.
語段中的加黑單詞由兩個或兩個以上單詞組合而成。這類詞被稱作合成詞。合成詞可以是名詞，如smartphone，websites，friendships，relationships。也可以是其他詞性，如lifelong，face-to-face，self-centred是合成形容詞，online在文中是合成副詞。
合成詞
由兩個或兩個以上的單詞組合而成的詞叫合成詞或復合詞。高中英語中的合成詞非常多，主要包括合成名詞、合成形容詞、合成動詞、合成代詞等。
1．合成名詞
構成方法 示例
名詞＋名詞 friendship友誼　bookstore書店　baby-sitter臨時保姆
形容詞＋名詞 greenhouse溫室　gentleman 紳士
動詞-ing形式＋名詞 dining room餐廳　driving license駕照　sleeping bag睡袋
名詞＋動詞-ing形式 air-conditioning空調　handwriting書法
動詞＋名詞 pickpocket扒手　driveway私人車道　typewriter打字機
名詞＋動詞 waterfall瀑布　sunset日落
副詞＋動詞 outbreak爆發　downfall垮臺　income收入
動詞＋副詞 breakthrough突破　check-up檢查
其他形式 well-being安康　editor-in-chief主編　touch-me-not鳳仙花　good-for-nothing無用的人　go-between中間人　mother-in-law岳母；婆婆
2.合成形容詞
構成方法 示例
形容詞＋過去分詞或帶-ed后綴的詞 absent-minded心不在焉的　broken-hearted 心碎的　cold-blooded冷血的　good-tempered脾氣好的　middle-aged中年的　short-sighted近視的
其他詞＋動詞-ing形式 easy-going隨和的　hard-working勤奮的　well-meaning好心的　long-standing悠久的
形容詞＋名詞/名詞＋形容詞 deep-sea深海的　late-night深夜的　second-hand二手的　ice-cold冰冷的　duty-free免稅的
包含副詞的合成形容詞 broken-down狀況很差的　outdoor戶外的　off-peak非高峰時期的　all-round全面的
3.合成動詞
構成方法 示例
名詞＋動詞 babysit代人臨時照看孩子　sleepwalk夢游　tape-record用磁帶錄制　spoon-feed用勺子喂
副詞＋動詞 overcharge超額收費　undergo經歷　uplift抬起；振奮
形容詞＋動詞 safeguard保護　ill-treat虐待
其他形式 blow-dry吹干　deep-fry油炸　stir-fry翻炒
4.合成代詞
構成方法 示例
反身代詞 myself我自己　yourself你自己　himself他自己　herself她自己　itself它自己　yourselves你們自己　ourselves我們自己　themselves他們自己
不定代詞 anyone/anybody任何人　everyone/everybody每個人　nobody沒有人　something某事　anything任何事　everything所有事　nothing無事
Ⅰ.選詞填空
grown up，man made，newly born，passer by，warm hearted，freezing cold
1.The water in the river is freezing-cold，so you’d better not swim in it.
2．My neighbors are warm-hearted and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
3．Grown-ups need to be patient and understanding when dealing with children.
4．My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely newly-born baby.
5．Many countries have launched man-made satellites to circle the earth.
6．Some passers-by lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．令我們非常高興的是，他們幫我們制定了一個長遠的計劃。
To our great delight，they helped us to map out a long-term plan.
2．他最終到達了一個十字路口，站在那里猶豫不決，琢磨著該走哪條路。
He finally reached a crossroads and stood there，hesitating and wondering which way to choose.
3．我不知道計算機硬件和計算機軟件之間的區別。
I have no idea of the difference between computer hardware and computer software.
4．湖中，一只雪白的天鵝飛快地游著去追趕一條慢慢游動的蛇。
A snow-white swan swam swiftly to catch a slowly-swimming snake in a lake.
Ⅲ.根據提示寫出正確的合成詞
The 1.middle-aged(中年的) man who is 2.hard-working(勤勞的) often works far into the night.To realize his 3.lifelong(一生的) dream，he and his team have decided to have another 4.greenhouse(溫室) in this town.While they know the development does not take place 5.overnight(一夜之間)，they are confident that they can 6.overcome(克服) difficulties and achieve success in the end.
訓練4　Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．I’d like to begin by briefly(brief) introducing the goods we produce.
2．One should be content with what he has and never regret for what he has done.
3．Both the Winter and Summer Olympics are held every four years on a regular basis(base)．
4．The best way to learn(learn) is to keep yourself informed of the latest information.
5．As we all know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with others.
6．While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
7．The authority encouraged young people to think critically and creatively(creative)．
8．The factory replaced some of its workers with/by robots last year.
9．The boy looked out of the window blankly. Obviously，he was not concentrating on his study.
10．Additionally(addition)，you should confirm the accuracy of the materials you’ve quoted.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)(滿分15分)
1．網絡非常強大，使得人們足不出戶就可以購物。(make it＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...，分詞作狀語)
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.
2．不論你想買什么，按幾個按鈕你就可以讓人送貨上門。(no matter what，deliver)
No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.
3．有些人支持網購，因為網購更便宜、更方便。(because引導原因狀語從句)
Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.
4．而有些人不同意這個觀點，他們認為網購不能保證質量。(subscribe to，argument)
Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.
5．在我看來，網絡購物不能取代傳統的購物。(replace)
In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
參考范文
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·廣東深圳高一上期末)
Whale communication has long been a puzzle for scientists，with their underwater sound—“click...click...click”—remaining largely unexplained.However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.
The program is called the Whale Translation Project(WTP)，whose meaning is to know what whales are saying.Its goal is clear but very difficult to achieve.Understanding the communication of whales and other animals could inspire conservation efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.
The WTP started when Gruber，a biologist at Harvard University，turned to a computer scientist for help about dealing with a large amount of data on whale sounds.They thought of applying machine learning，used for improving human language translations，to whales.The sound of click，similar to a binary code(二進制)，is easy for AI to analyze.
Scientists once presented the sounds of a whale using a series of lines to show the number of clicks per second.Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.Gruber can use AI to analyze the differences and the specific context，like the behavior of moving to the surface and hunting for food，and thus understand the meaning of the whale sound easily.He can also discover how whales interact，getting 99% right in predicting(預測) the next click.
This kind of work isn’t limited to whales.Suresh Neethirajan，a computer science and agriculture professor，studies how farmers can use real-time observation to explain animal behaviors.He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了科學家如何利用人工智能技術來解讀鯨魚的聲音。
1．What is the purpose of mentioning the discovery in the 1960s
A．To show the success of protecting the environment.
B．To explain the difficulty of saving humpback whales.
C．To stress the value of studying animal communication.
D．To introduce the challenge of understanding whale language.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Understanding the communication of whales...efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.”可知，提到20世紀60年代的發現的目的是強調研究動物交流的價值。故選C。
2．How can AI help according to paragraph 4
A．It records whale sound quickly.
B．It processes sound data effectively.
C．It reads musical notes correctly.
D．It promotes whale interactions directly.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.”可推知，人工智能可以有效地處理聲音數據。故選B。
3．What can we learn about AI according to the last paragraph
A．It cures diseases of animals.
B．It improves farmers’ well-being.
C．It aims to change animal behavior.
D．It helps to understand animals’ needs.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據最后一段中“He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.”可知，關于人工智能我們可以了解到的是它有助于理解動物的需求。故選D。
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Scientists develop machine learning.
B．Scientists discover a new whale sound.
C．AI creates a unique type of musical note.
D．AI unlocks the secrets of animal language.
答案　D
解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其根據第一段中“However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.”可知，本文主要介紹了科學家如何利用人工智能技術來解讀鯨魚的聲音，所以本文的主旨是人工智能揭開了動物語言的秘密。故選D。
B
(2025·湖南衡陽高一上期末)
Australia has passed a law that aims to prevent people younger than 16 from using social media.The law is meant to protect young people，but some people say it could create more problems than it solves.Under the new law，social media companies must take “reasonable steps” to prevent anyone under 16 from creating an account.If the companies do not follow the law，they could be fined up to US $32 million.
Many people in Australia seem to agree.Recent surveys show that 77% of people in Australia are in favor of the law.People are worried about how social media can hurt young people’s mental health.Many people have heard stories about young people who have been bullied(霸凌) online and later hurt themselves.
But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.Some people believe the law will make it harder for young people to connect with others who can support them.Others worry that the social media ban(禁令) will push young people toward less safe parts of the Internet.
One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.The law says the companies must give people a way to prove their age without sending in a government ID，but it’s not clear how this might work.The demand that the companies collect even more information raises worries about the privacy of young people.
Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 cannot use social media without agreement from a parent.Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people，though these laws have been challenged in court.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞通過了一項旨在阻止16歲以下人群使用社交媒體的法律，但是澳大利亞民眾對此持有不同的觀點，并且該法律執行起來有一定的難度。
5．What does the underlined word “fined” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Added. B．Cheated.
C．Punished. D．Lent.
答案　C
解析　詞義猜測題。根據畫線單詞后面的“up to US $32 million”可知，如果有公司不遵守，那么他們會受到罰款的懲罰。畫線單詞fined意為“懲罰”，與“punished”意思相同。故選C。
6．What do Australians think of the new law
A．They all agree to it.
B．They are all against it.
C．They hold different opinions.
D．They are very worried about it.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Many people in Australia seem to agree.”和第三段中“But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.”可推知，澳大利亞人對于新法律的觀點不一致。故選C。
7．What is one of the biggest problems in carrying out the law for social media companies
A．How to find out users’ ages.
B．How to use users’ ID cards.
C．How to protect users’ privacy.
D．How to collect users’ thoughts.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.”可知，社交媒體公司執法中最大的問題是如何識別用戶的年齡。故選A。
8．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．Many European countries are passing similar laws.
B．France also has no age limit for using social media.
C．A number of laws of the US have been challenged.
D．Teenagers’ use of social media has attracted global attention.
答案　D
解析　段落大意題。根據最后一段“Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 can not use social media...Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people...”可知，最后一段主要講了青少年對社交媒體的使用引起了全球的關注。故選D。
Ⅳ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2025·江蘇南通高一上期中)
The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people (without actually needing to “know them”)，with very little effort.But are online friendships the same as in-real-life(IRL) friendships
1 While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support scientist John Suler’s belief that people “separate their online lives from their offline lives”，the digital natives(such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with social media find differences between online and offline friendships more unclear.
The Pew Research Center(PRC) finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online.But，it also finds that most “digital friendships” stay in the digital space with only 20% of teens having met an online friend in person.It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives. 2 Online meetings come a close third.The reason why online friendships are placed below IRL friendships is the absence of physical intimacy(親密)．
So，is the Internet bad for relationships Obviously not.But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century. 3 83% of teen social media users believe that social media makes them feel more connected to their friends’ lives.However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships.68% of teen social media users report having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends on social media. 4
The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance. 5 And a balance of online and offline interactions will pave the way for better relationships in the world.
A．Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B．People from different countries hold different opinions.
C．But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D．How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E．And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F．26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that happened online.
G．54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom they play games.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了網絡友誼和現實生活中友誼的異同，以及人們對這兩種友誼的看法。
1．答案　D
解析　根據下文“While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support...the digital natives (such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with...friendships more unclear.”可知，不同年齡層對網絡友誼和現實生活友誼有著不同看法，是對D項“人們如何看待網絡友誼和現實生活中的友誼取決于他們的年齡”中觀點的舉例說明，語意連貫。故選D項。
2．答案　A
解析　上文“It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.”提到現實友誼在數字原住民中也被認為更有價值。A選項“最好的朋友經常在學校和家里見面”承接上文，進一步說明現實友誼的重要性，并能引出下文 “Online meetings come a close third.”。故選A項。
3．答案　E
解析　上文“But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.”提到網絡幫助作者與舊友保持聯系。E選項“數字原住民似乎覺得與現實生活中的朋友進行在線互動是有益的”與上文構成并列關系，通過舉例來論證段首觀點，說明網絡對人際關系是有益的。故選E項。
4．答案　F
解析　上文“However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships...on social media.”提到在線互動也可能對現有關系產生負面影響并舉例說明這樣的負面影響。F選項“26%的青少年曾因為網上發生的事情與朋友發生過爭執”承接上文，進一步舉例說明在線互動可能帶來的負面影響，即青少年可能因為網上的事情與朋友發生爭執。故選F項。
5．答案　C
解析　上文“The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance.”提到互聯網是遠距離人們之間的一個寶貴聯系。C選項“但這種聯系必須建立在親密和熟悉的基礎上”承接上文，且“this link”指代上文中的“an invaluable link”。故選C項。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·湖南長沙高一上期中)
It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one.Jenny and I 1.________(be) best friends since we were primary school students.Whether we are walking to school，doing homework 2. just hanging out at the weekend，we are hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday，she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her.
Our 3. (origin) plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon，but it was canceled because Jenny was sick.Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny chatting with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon.I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online 4. (message)．
At a loss what to do next，I turned to online communities 5. advice about maintaining friendships.I realized that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity 6. (have) a full and frank talk with her.She explained that she spent 7. morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee.She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship.
The incident left me 8. (think) about what it really means to be a good friend.Friendships are like flowers 9. need to be taken good care of.Through our conversation，I know that our friendship will grow 10. (strong) than ever.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和好朋友珍妮之間發生誤會并修復友誼的故事。
1．答案　have been
解析　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。空處為句子的謂語，根據時間狀語since we were primary school students可知，句子的時態為現在完成時，主語為Jenny and I，助動詞使用have。故填have been。
2．答案　or
解析　考查連詞。固定句型whether...or...“無論是……還是……”。故填or。
3．答案　original
解析　考查形容詞。空處應為形容詞修飾空后的名詞plan作定語。故填original。
4．答案　messages
解析　考查名詞復數。設空處為名詞作介詞的賓語，結合空前的any of可知，設空處為名詞復數的形式。故填messages。
5．答案　for
解析　考查介詞。固定短語turn to sb for advice“向某人征求意見”。故填for。
6．答案　to have
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處為非謂語動詞，不定式to have作后置定語修飾名詞opportunity。故填to have。
7．答案　the
解析　考查冠詞。根據上文“but it was canceled because Jenny was sick”可知，此處表示珍妮生病的那天的上午，為特指，應用定冠詞。故填the。
8．答案　thinking
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處為非謂語動詞，構成“leave＋賓語＋賓補”的結構，設空處和me之間是邏輯上的主動關系。故填thinking。
9．答案　which/that
解析　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句且在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為flowers。故填which/that。
10．答案　stronger
解析　考查形容詞的比較級。設空處為形容詞作表語，根據空后的than可知，設空處為比較級的形式。故填stronger。(共103張PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3　
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
UNIT 4
內容索引
Part 1　課文深度理解
Part 2　長句難句分析
Part 3　語言知識梳理
Part 4　語法項目精講
訓練4
課文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the whole text
A.Two blogs about friendships.
B.Friendships in the virtual world.
C.The influence of the Internet on friendships.
D.The Internet plays an important role in friendships.
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
Robert’s arguments Talking online is no replacement for 1. .
The Internet can make people 2. .
Online relationships may not be 3. .
Cathy’s arguments The Internet makes communication 4. .
The Internet has also made communication 5. .
Online communication can bring people 6. .
Main idea: 7. .
face-to-face contact
self-centred
what they appear to be
much more convenient
more fun
closer to each other
Different views on the effect of the Internet on friendships
1.According to Robert，what can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A.Writing letters.
B.Telephoning each other.
C.Chatting frequently online.
D.Communicating face to face.
√
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
2.Which of the following is the basis of friendship according to Robert
A.Honesty. B.Trust.
C.Personality. D.Ability.
√
3.What does Cathy think of the Internet
A.The Internet limits people’s creativity.
B.The Internet does harm to one’s health.
C.The Internet can help develop friendship.
D.The Internet makes people self-focused.
√
4.What do Robert and Cathy have in common about the effect of the Internet
A.The Internet can harm friendships.
B.The Internet can help develop friendships.
C.The Internet has no effects on friendships.
D.The Internet can bring people closer together.
√
There are two blog posts about the effect of the Internet on friendships.One is from Robert，who holds 1. view that while the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also be 2. (harm) to friendships.Because 3. (talk) online can’t replace face-to-face contact，through 4. important social skills are developed.He thinks that the Internet can make people think of only 5. (they).In addition，a lot of content 6. (post) on social media is shallow or trivial.Last，the people with whom you are chatting online may not be what they appear to be.
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
the
harmful
talking
which
themselves
posted
So it is 7. (particular) dangerous for those who are too trusting.
However，the post from Cathy doesn’t subscribe 8. his opinion.As far as she is 9. (concern)，the Internet makes communication much more convenient and fun.Besides，online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help，friends can immediately provide useful 10. (recommend) or information.So，what is your opinion？
particularly
concerned
to
recommendations
返 回
長句難句分析
1.As we know，important social skills are developed direct contact with other people.(P15 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為 句，as引導 從句，意為“ ”。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
through
復合
非限制性定語
眾所周知，重要的社交技能是通過直接與他人接觸培養的。
正如，正像
2.It is these skills that enable us (develop) lifelong friendships.
(P15 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為 句，其結構為“ ”，此句的被強調部分為 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
to develop
強調
it is＋被強調部分＋that...
正是這些技能使我們能夠發展終生的友誼。
主語these skills
3.Friendships are built on the (base) of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting are being honest about who they are.(P15 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為 句，其中and連接兩個并列分句。在后一個分句中，that引導 從句，who引導 從句，作about的 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
basis
并列復合
賓語
賓語
賓語
友誼建立在信任的基礎上，通過線上交流，你永遠不能百分之
百地確信與你交談的人是否以誠相待。
to
4.Because of this，going online can be (particular) dangerous for people who are (easy) influenced or too trusting.(P15 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為 句，who引導 從句，修飾 。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
particularly
復合
定語
easily
people
因此，對于那些容易受影響或過于信任他人的人來說，上網
尤其危險。
5.You can stay in touch friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(P16 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為 句。其中no matter where/what引導 從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
with
復合
讓步狀語
無論你在哪里，又或者在做什么，都可以和朋友們保持聯系。
6. (use) a smartphone，a tablet or a computer，you can be ____ contact at home and also when you are on the move.(P16 Para.2)
結構分析：此句為 句。when引導 從句；on the move意為“ ”。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Using
復合
時間狀語
在行進，在遷移
in
通過使用智能手機、平板電腦或電腦，無論你在家里還是在
外面都能與他人聯絡。
7.To me，this is a very thought-provoking (argue)，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(P16 Para.4)
結構分析：此句為 句。as引導 從句，意為“ ”。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
argument
復合
原因狀語
因為
對我來說，這非常發人深省，因為它指出了線上友誼的好處。
8.Finally，I believe the Internet brings people (close) together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting.(P16 Para.5)
結構分析：此句為 句。believe后面為省略從屬連詞that的 從句，其中makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting為“ ”結構。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
closer
復合
返 回
make＋賓語＋賓語補足語
賓語
最后，我相信互聯網能使人們更緊密地聯系在一起，讓與朋
友的交流更加方便和有趣。
語言知識梳理
n.& vt.傷害，損害(harmful adj.有害的；造成損害的harmless adj.無害的)
1
harm
do harm to sb＝do sb harm傷害某人
There is no harm in doing...做……無害處。
be harmful to對……有害
(1)While the sun’s rays can be (harm) to our skin，they also give us beneficial vitamin D.
(2)You should at least give him a chance.After all，there is no harm in ________(listen) to his opinion.
harmful
listening
(3)(2021·全國乙，書面表達)此外，整天盯著屏幕會傷害我們的眼睛。
In addition，staring at the screen all day long _______________
_______________.
is harmful to/does
寫作佳句
harm to our eyes
n.論點；論據；爭論；爭辯(argue v.爭論；勸說；主張)
2
argument
beyond argument無可爭辯
argue with sb about/over sth與某人爭論某事
argue for/against (doing) sth據理支持/反對(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth說服某人做/不做某事
(1)It is beyond (argue) that we will benefit from the latest technology innovation.
(2)They are arguing each other the solution to the problem.
argument
with
about/over
(3)(2022·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續寫)令我非常高興的是，我終于說服了大衛參加越野跑，這是一項被認為很有意義的活動。
To my great joy，I finally ________________________________
________________，which was viewed as a rewarding activity.
寫作佳句
argued David into taking part in the
cross-country run
vt.取代；代替；接替[replacement n.替換的人(物)]
3
replace
replace A with/by B　用B替代A
take the place of＝take one’s place代替；替代
in place of代替
(1)More and more families replace bicycles private cars，which，in turn，results in air pollution.
(2)You can use an avata place of the real image of yourself in online communication.
with/by
in
(3)毫無疑問，沒有什么能取代母親的愛和關懷。
There is no doubt that ___________________________________
____________________.
寫作佳句
nothing can replace/take the place of
mother’s love and care
adj.有益的；有意義的(reward vt.獎勵；酬謝n.報酬；獎勵)
4
rewarding
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而獎賞/酬謝某人
reward sb with sth用某物獎賞/回報某人
in reward for為獎賞……；為報答……
as a reward for作為對……的獎賞/回報
(1)I hugged him tightly，whispering，“You will be rewarded your generosity in the future.”
(2)I firmly believe that it will be a (reward) and worthwhile experience for you.
for
rewarding
(3)(應用文寫作之感謝信)我很樂意帶你游玩北京，以報答你的慷慨幫助。
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing ____________
_______________________________.
寫作佳句
in reward for
/as a reward for your generous help
n.內容；目錄；容量 adj.滿意的，滿足的
5
content
be content with＝be satisfied with對……滿意；滿足
be content to do sth樂于做某事
with content 滿意地
(1)Those who are content their present situations will surely make no big difference in life.
(2)My parents are content (live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and fresh.
with
to live
(3)(讀后續寫之高興情緒描寫)我的老師立刻咯咯笑了起來，臉上洋溢著滿足的微笑。他很滿足地對我說：“我對你在寫作比賽中的表現很滿意。”
Giggling instantly with spreading on his face, my teacher said to me ，“I _______________________
your performance in the writing contest.”
寫作佳句
a content smile
with content
am/feel quite content with
n.基準，準則；基礎；基點(base n.根基；底座；基地；基礎vt.以……為根據basic adj.基礎的 basically adv.基本上；總的來說)
6
basis
on the basis of在……的基礎上
on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基礎上
be based on/upon以……為根據(基礎)
(1)It is essential that opinions should be expressed on the (base) of fact.
(2)Based true stories，the movie has an emotional impact on the audience.
(3) speaking，education is about teaching learning skills rather than knowledge.(base)
basis
on/upon
Basically
basic
(4)如果你想提升英語口語能力，就應該養成每天練習的習慣。
If you want to improve your oral English，you should make it a rule to .
寫作佳句
practice on a daily basis
vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n.焦點
7
focus
focus (...) on/upon...(把……)集中于……
the focus of...……的焦點/中心
(1)Getting addicted to the virtual world makes it hard for him to focus ________ the other things in real life.
on/upon
(2)(2021·浙江1月，讀后續寫)頭發打結，南瓜肉蓋著鼻子，我成了那些觀看這條網上視頻的人關注的焦點。
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I __________
__________________ of those who viewed the video posted online.
寫作佳句
became the
focus of the attention
(3)(讀后續寫之動作描寫)那么多眼睛盯著我，我的臉漲得通紅，開始結結巴巴地進行我的演講。
With so many eyes ，I blushed and began to stumble over my speech.
focused on/upon me
8
make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth
According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(P15 Para.2)
根據育兒專家丹尼斯·丹尼爾斯的說法，通過屏幕交流會使兒童更難集中注意力或對他人表示善意。
結構分析：此句為簡單句。communicating through a screen為動名詞短語作主語；本句應用了make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb) to do sth結構，其中it是形式賓語，more difficult是賓語補足語，真正的賓語是后邊的不定式to concentrate...to others。
當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或賓語從句時，往往把賓語放在它的補足語后面，而用it作形式賓語，放在賓語補足語前。常用的動詞有make，think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
(1)你最好把每天練習說英語當作一種慣例。
You had better .
(2)我到了那兒以后，我發現跟新同事相處很容易。
When I settled there，____________________________________________.
(3)我從5歲起就開始學習英語，這讓我可以方便地與他人交流。
I have been learning English since I was 5，_________________________
_______________________________________.
返 回
make it a rule to practice speaking English every day
which makes it possible for
I found it easy to get along with my new workmates
me to communicate with others conveniently
語法項目精講
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成其后的練習。
The Internet makes it easier for people to communicate with each other.Using a smartphone，people can talk online，browse the websites，and develop lifelong friendships online.However，many people think that talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact，and the Internet may make teenagers self-centred.The best way to maintain healthy relationships is to have face-to-face communication.
情境導讀
語段中的加顏色單詞由 單詞組合而成。這類詞被稱作_______。合成詞可以是名詞，如__________________________________
___________。也可以是其他詞性，如______________________________
是合成形容詞， 在文中是合成副詞。
兩個或兩個以上
合成詞
smartphone，websites，friendships，
relationships
lifelong，face-to-face，self-centred
online
合成詞
由兩個或兩個以上的單詞組合而成的詞叫合成詞或復合詞。高中英語中的合成詞非常多，主要包括合成名詞、合成形容詞、合成動詞、合成代詞等。
語法精講
1.合成名詞
構成方法 示例
名詞＋名詞 friendship友誼　bookstore書店　
baby-sitter臨時保姆
形容詞＋名詞 greenhouse溫室　gentleman 紳士
動詞-ing形式＋名詞 dining room餐廳　driving license駕照　sleeping bag睡袋
名詞＋動詞-ing形式 air-conditioning空調　handwriting書法
動詞＋名詞 pickpocket扒手　driveway私人車道　typewriter打字機
名詞＋動詞 waterfall瀑布　sunset日落
副詞＋動詞 outbreak爆發　downfall垮臺　income收入
動詞＋副詞 breakthrough突破　check-up檢查
其他形式 well-being安康　editor-in-chief主編　
touch-me-not鳳仙花　good-for-nothing無用的人　
go-between中間人　mother-in-law岳母；婆婆
2.合成形容詞
構成方法 示例
形容詞＋過去分詞或帶-ed后綴的詞 absent-minded心不在焉的　broken-hearted 心碎的　cold-blooded冷血的　good-tempered脾氣好的　middle-aged中年的　short-sighted近視的
其他詞＋動詞-ing形式 easy-going隨和的　hard-working勤奮的　
well-meaning好心的　long-standing悠久的
形容詞＋名詞/名詞＋形容詞 deep-sea深海的　late-night深夜的　second-hand二手的　ice-cold冰冷的　duty-free免稅的
包含副詞的合成形容詞 broken-down狀況很差的　outdoor戶外的　off-peak非高峰時期的　all-round全面的
3.合成動詞
構成方法 示例
名詞＋動詞 babysit代人臨時照看孩子　sleepwalk夢游　
tape-record用磁帶錄制　spoon-feed用勺子喂
副詞＋動詞 overcharge超額收費　undergo經歷　uplift抬起；振奮
形容詞＋動詞 safeguard保護　ill-treat虐待
其他形式 blow-dry吹干　deep-fry油炸　stir-fry翻炒
4.合成代詞
構成方法 示例
反身代詞 myself我自己　yourself你自己　himself他自己　herself她自己　itself它自己　yourselves你們自己　ourselves我們自己　themselves他們自己
不定代詞 anyone/anybody任何人　everyone/everybody每個人　nobody沒有人　something某事　anything任何事　everything所有事　nothing無事
Ⅰ.選詞填空
達標檢測
1.The water in the river is ，so you’d better not swim in it.
2.My neighbors are and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
3. need to be patient and understanding when dealing with children.
grown -up，man -made，newly- born，passer -by，warm -hearted，freezing -cold
freezing-cold
warm-hearted
Grown-ups
4.My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely baby.
5.Many countries have launched satellites to circle the earth.
6.Some lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
newly-born
man-made
passers-by
grown -up，man -made，newly- born，passer -by，warm -hearted，freezing -cold
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.令我們非常高興的是，他們幫我們制定了一個長遠的計劃。
To our great delight，they helped us to map out .
2.他最終到達了一個十字路口，站在那里猶豫不決，琢磨著該走哪條路。
He finally and stood there，hesitating and wondering which way to choose.
a long-term plan
reached a crossroads
3.我不知道計算機硬件和計算機軟件之間的區別。
I have no idea of the difference __________________________________
_________________.
4.湖中，一只雪白的天鵝飛快地游著去追趕一條慢慢游動的蛇。
________________________swiftly to catch a ______________________ in a lake.
between computer hardware and
computer software
A snow-white swan swam
slowly-swimming snake
Ⅲ.根據提示寫出正確的合成詞
The 1. (中年的) man who is 2. (勤勞的) often works far into the night.To realize his 3. (一生的) dream，he and his team have decided to have another 4. (溫室) in this town.While they know the development does not take place 5.__________
(一夜之間)，they are confident that they can 6. (克服) difficulties and achieve success in the end.
middle-aged
hard-working
返 回
lifelong
greenhouse
overnight
overcome
訓練4
1.I’d like to begin by (brief) introducing the goods we produce.
2.One should be content what he has and never regret for what he has done.
3.Both the Winter and Summer Olympics are held every four years on a regular (base).
4.The best way (learn) is to keep yourself informed of the latest information.
5. we all know，important social skills are developed through direct contact with others.
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
briefly
with
basis
to learn
As
6. I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
7.The authority encouraged young people to think critically and ________
(creative).
8.The factory replaced some of its workers robots last year.
9.The boy looked out of the window blankly. Obviously，he was not concentrating his study.
10. (addition)，you should confirm the accuracy of the materials you’ve quoted.
While
creatively
with/by
on
Additionally
1.網絡非常強大，使得人們足不出戶就可以購物。(make it＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...，分詞作狀語)
The network is very powerful，___________________________________
____________________.
2.不論你想買什么，按幾個按鈕你就可以讓人送貨上門。(no matter what，deliver)
____________________________，press a few buttons and you can _____
_____________________________.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)
making it possible for people to shop
without leaving home
No matter what you want to buy
have
the goods delivered to your house
3.有些人支持網購，因為網購更便宜、更方便。(because引導原因狀語從句)
Some people support online shopping，_____________________________
___________.
4.而有些人不同意這個觀點，他們認為網購不能保證質量。(subscribe to，argument)
________________________________________________，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.
5.在我看來，網絡購物不能取代傳統的購物。(replace)
In my opinion，shopping online .
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
because it is cheaper and more
convenient
Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument
can’t replace traditional shopping
參考范文
The network is very powerful，making it possible for people to shop without leaving home.No matter what you want to buy，press a few buttons and you can have the goods delivered to your house.Some people support online shopping，because it is cheaper and more convenient.Others，however，don’t subscribe to this argument，thinking that shopping online doesn’t ensure quality.In my opinion，shopping online can’t replace traditional shopping.
A
(2025·廣東深圳高一上期末)
Whale communication has long been a puzzle for scientists，with their underwater sound—“click...click...click”—remaining largely unexplained.
However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了科學家如何利用人工智能技術來解讀鯨魚的聲音。
The program is called the Whale Translation Project(WTP)，whose meaning is to know what whales are saying.Its goal is clear but very difficult to achieve.Understanding the communication of whales and other animals could inspire conservation efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.
The WTP started when Gruber，a biologist at Harvard University，turned to a computer scientist for help about dealing with a large amount of data on whale sounds.They thought of applying machine learning，used for improving human language translations，to whales.The sound of click，similar to a binary code(二進制)，is easy for AI to analyze.
Scientists once presented the sounds of a whale using a series of lines to show the number of clicks per second.Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.Gruber can use AI to analyze the differences and the specific context，like the behavior of moving to the surface and hunting for food，and thus understand the meaning of the whale sound easily.He can also discover how whales interact，getting 99% right in predicting(預測) the next click.
This kind of work isn’t limited to whales.Suresh Neethirajan，a computer science and agriculture professor，studies how farmers can use real-time observation to explain animal behaviors.He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.
1.What is the purpose of mentioning the discovery in the 1960s
A.To show the success of protecting the environment.
B.To explain the difficulty of saving humpback whales.
C.To stress the value of studying animal communication.
D.To introduce the challenge of understanding whale language.
√
推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Understanding the communication of whales...efforts.For example，the discovery that humpback whales sing to each other in the 1960s led to successful conservation activities and laws.”可知，提到20世紀60年代的發現的目的是強調研究動物交流的價值。故選C。
解析
2.How can AI help according to paragraph 4
A.It records whale sound quickly.
B.It processes sound data effectively.
C.It reads musical notes correctly.
D.It promotes whale interactions directly.
√
推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Now，with the help of AI，Gruber can quickly turn the thousands of whale sounds from hours of recordings into a new kind of pictures that look like musical notes.This method helps to find tiny differences in the sounds.”可推知，人工智能可以有效地處理聲音數據。故選B。
解析
3.What can we learn about AI according to the last paragraph
A.It cures diseases of animals.
B.It improves farmers’ well-being.
C.It aims to change animal behavior.
D.It helps to understand animals’ needs.
√
細節理解題。根據最后一段中“He collects data，such as body temperature，paired with recorded sounds and videos，to understand whether animals are comfortable or not.With AI，he can recognise sick animals quickly，improving their well-being.”可知，關于人工智能我們可以了解到的是它有助于理解動物的需求。故選D。
解析
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Scientists develop machine learning.
B.Scientists discover a new whale sound.
C.AI creates a unique type of musical note.
D.AI unlocks the secrets of animal language.
√
主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其根據第一段中“However，thanks to the surprising abilities of artificial intelligence(AI)，researchers from a program can interpret the sounds of these amazing sea animals.”可知，本文主要介紹了科學家如何利用人工智能技術來解讀鯨魚的聲音，所以本文的主旨是人工智能揭開了動物語言的秘密。故選D。
解析
B
(2025·湖南衡陽高一上期末)
Australia has passed a law that aims to prevent people younger than 16 from using social media.The law is meant to protect young people，but some people say it could create more problems than it solves.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞通過了一項旨在阻止16歲以下人群使用社交媒體的法律，但是澳大利亞民眾對此持有不同的觀點，并且該法律執行起來有一定的難度。
Under the new law，social media companies must take “reasonable steps” to prevent anyone under 16 from creating an account.If the companies do not follow the law，they could be fined up to US $32 million.
Many people in Australia seem to agree.Recent surveys show that 77% of people in Australia are in favor of the law.People are worried about how social media can hurt young people’s mental health.Many people have heard stories about young people who have been bullied(霸凌) online and later hurt themselves.
But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.Some people believe the law will make it harder for young people to connect with others who can support them.Others worry that the social media ban(禁令) will push young people toward less safe parts of the Internet.
One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.The law says the companies must give people a way to prove their age without sending in a government ID，but it’s not clear how this might work.The demand that the companies collect even more information raises worries about the privacy of young people.
Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 cannot use social media without agreement from a parent.Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people，though these laws have been challenged in court.
5.What does the underlined word “fined” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Added. B.Cheated.
C.Punished. D.Lent.
√
詞義猜測題。根據畫線單詞后面的“up to US $32 million”可知，如果有公司不遵守，那么他們會受到罰款的懲罰。畫線單詞fined意為“懲罰”，與“punished”意思相同。故選C。
解析
6.What do Australians think of the new law
A.They all agree to it.
B.They are all against it.
C.They hold different opinions.
D.They are very worried about it.
√
推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Many people in Australia seem to agree.”和第三段中“But not everyone agrees that the new law is a good idea.”可推知，澳大利亞人對于新法律的觀點不一致。故選C。
解析
7.What is one of the biggest problems in carrying out the law for social media companies
A.How to find out users’ ages.
B.How to use users’ ID cards.
C.How to protect users’ privacy.
D.How to collect users’ thoughts.
√
細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“One of the biggest problems is how the social media companies will figure out how old their users are.”可知，社交媒體公司執法中最大的問題是如何識別用戶的年齡。故選A。
解析
8.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A.Many European countries are passing similar laws.
B.France also has no age limit for using social media.
C.A number of laws of the US have been challenged.
D.Teenagers’ use of social media has attracted global attention.
√
段落大意題。根據最后一段“Other countries have also taken steps to limit social media use by young people.In France，people under 15 can not use social media...Countries like the UK and Norway are considering similar laws.Some US states have passed laws limiting social media for young people...”可知，最后一段主要講了青少年對社交媒體的使用引起了全球的關注。故選D。
解析
(2025·江蘇南通高一上期中)
The Internet offers us an opportunity to know more people (without actually needing to “know them”)，with very little effort.But are online friendships the same as in-real-life(IRL) friendships
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了網絡友誼和現實生活中友誼的異同，以及人們對這兩種友誼的看法。
Ⅳ.七選五
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
1 While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support scientist John Suler’s belief that people “separate their online lives from their offline lives”，
根據下文“While digital immigrants(移民) (such as me，a 43-year-old man) support...the digital natives (such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with...friendships more unclear.”可知，不同年齡層對網絡友誼和現實生活友誼有著不同看法，是對D項“人們如何看待網絡友誼和現實生活中的友誼取決于他們的年齡”中觀點的舉例說明，語意連貫。故選D項。
解析
the digital natives(such as my son，an 18-year-old boy) growing with social media find differences between online and offline friendships more unclear.
The Pew Research Center(PRC) finds that 57% of American teens make new friends online.But，it also finds that most “digital friendships” stay in the digital space with only 20% of teens having met an online friend in person.It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
2 Online meetings come a close third.The reason why online friendships are placed below IRL friendships is the absence of physical intimacy(親密).
上文“It seems that real-time friendships are considered more valuable than digital friendships even among the digital natives.”提到現實友誼在數字原住民中也被認為更有價值。A選項“最好的朋友經常在學校和家里見面”承接上文，進一步說明現實友誼的重要性，并能引出下文 “Online meetings come a close third.”。故選A項。
解析
So，is the Internet bad for relationships Obviously not.But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.
3 83% of teen social media users believe that social media makes them feel more connected to their friends’ lives.However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships.
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
上文“But for the net，I could have never kept in touch with or met my high school friend after a quarter of a century.”提到網絡幫助作者與舊友保持聯系。E選項“數字原住民似乎覺得與現實生活中的朋友進行在線互動是有益的”與上文構成并列關系，通過舉例來論證段首觀點，說明網絡對人際關系是有益的。故選E項。
解析
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends
beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with
whom they play games.
√
68% of teen social media users report having experienced unpleasant feelings toward their friends on social media. 4
上文“However，online interactions can sometimes have a negative effect on existing relationships...on social media.”提到在線互動也可能對現有關系產生負面影響并舉例說明這樣的負面影響。F選項“26%的青少年曾因為網上發生的事情與朋友發生過爭執”承接上文，進一步舉例說明在線互動可能帶來的負面影響，即青少年可能因為網上的事情與朋友發生爭執。故選F項。
解析
A.Best friends meet most often at schools and homes.
B.People from different countries hold different opinions.
C.But this link must be based on intimacy and familiarity.
D.How people see online friendships and IRL friendships depends on their age.
E.And the digital native seems to find online interactions with real-life friends beneficial.
F.26% of all teens have had an argument with a friend over something that
happened online.
G.54% of online gaming teens feel more connected to existing friends with whom
they play games.
√
The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance. 5 And a balance of online and offline interactions will pave the way for better relationships in the world.
上文“The Internet is undoubtedly an invaluable link between people separated by distance.”提到互聯網是遠距離人們之間的一個寶貴聯系。C選項“但這種聯系必須建立在親密和熟悉的基礎上”承接上文，且“this link”指代上文中的“an invaluable link”。故選C項。
解析
(2025·湖南長沙高一上期中)
It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和好朋友珍妮之間發生誤會并修復友誼的故事。
Ⅴ.語法填空
Jenny and I 1.___________(be) best friends since we were primary school students.Whether we are walking to school，doing homework 2._____just hanging out at the weekend，we are hardly out of each other’s sight.But last Saturday，she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her.
have been
or
1.考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。空處為句子的謂語，根據時間狀語since we were primary school students可知，句子的時態為現在完成時，主語為Jenny and I，助動詞使用have。故填have been。
2.考查連詞。固定句型whether...or...“無論是……還是……”。故填or。
解析
Our 3. (origin) plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon，but it was canceled because Jenny was sick.Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny chatting with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon.I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online 4.___________(message).
original
messages
3.考查形容詞。空處應為形容詞修飾空后的名詞plan作定語。故填original。
4.考查名詞復數。設空處為名詞作介詞的賓語，結合空前的any of可知，設空處為名詞復數的形式。故填messages。
解析
At a loss what to do next，I turned to online communities 5.____ advice about maintaining friendships.I realized that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity 6. (have) a full and frank talk with her.
for
5.考查介詞。固定短語turn to sb for advice“向某人征求意見”。故填for。
6.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處為非謂語動詞，不定式to have作后置定語修飾名詞opportunity。故填to have。
解析
to have
She explained that she spent 7. morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee.She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship.
the
考查冠詞。根據上文“but it was canceled because Jenny was sick”可知，此處表示珍妮生病的那天的上午，為特指，應用定冠詞。故填the。
解析
The incident left me 8. (think) about what it really means to be a good friend.Friendships are like flowers 9. need to be taken good care of.
thinking
8.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處為非謂語動詞，構成“leave＋賓語＋賓補”的結構，設空處和me之間是邏輯上的主動關系。故填thinking。
9.考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句且在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為flowers。故填which/that。
解析
which/that
Through our conversation，I know that our friendship will grow 10._________(strong) than ever.
考查形容詞的比較級。設空處為形容詞作表語，根據空后的than可知，設空處為比較級的形式。故填stronger。
解析
stronger
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