資源簡介

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．Any exercise is better than none.
B．The advice to a new runner.
C．Benefits of long-distance running and some advice on it.
D．Advice on how to avoid injuries in long-distance running.
答案　C
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
1．What should you do to be a runner
A．Have a gym membership.
B．Have a pair of good running shoes.
C．Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.
D．Have some special equipment such as a running machine.
答案　B
2．What must you do to avoid hurting yourself while running
A．Jog slowly before running.
B．Relax your body before running.
C．Cheer yourself up before running.
D．Warm up and cool down before and after running.
答案　D
3．What does “warm-down” refer to according to the passage
A．The exercise to strengthen your body.
B．The exercise to make you warm enough.
C．The relaxing exercise before a long-distance running.
D．The relaxing exercise after a long-distance running.
答案　D
4．Where may the passage come from
A．A textbook.
B．A website.
C．An advertisement.
D．A guide book.
答案　B
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1.In particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you don’t need a membership of a gym or any special 2.equipment(equip)．It is a good way 3.to know(know) yourself and understand 4.what you are capable of.
Running can help you be 5.healthy(health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and make your heart 6.stronger(strong)．It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of serious health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 7.up and make you 8.relieve(relief) from aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down 9.properly(proper) before and after running to avoid 10.hurting(hurt) yourself.And keep in mind that you should not stop immediately after a long run.
1．As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.(P37 Para.1)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。as引導非限制性定語從句，意為“正如”，but 為連詞，后面句子的主語為long-distance running，謂語為has，賓語為benefits。
漢語翻譯： 正如人們常說的，運動總比不運動好，特別是長跑有很多益處。
2．There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.(P37 Para.2)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句，句中to know yourself and to see...為動詞不定式作定語，修飾way；what引導賓語從句。
漢語翻譯：跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。
3．You are also somebody who worries about getting(get) sick. (P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。who引導定語從句。
漢語翻譯：你像很多人一樣，也擔心自己生病。
4．Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves(them) up.(P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句，包含一個who 引導的定語從句，先行詞是anybody；主句中的to cheer...up是不定式短語作目的狀語。
漢語翻譯：此外，任何心情低落的人都可以選擇跑步讓自己振作起來。
5．Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.(P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞aches or tension，that在從句中作賓語。
漢語翻譯：即使跑30分鐘也能緩解你因壓力而感到的疼痛或緊張。
6．...it is important to warm up and cool down properly(proper) before and after running...(P37 Para.4)
結構分析：此處it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式短語。
漢語翻譯：跑步前和跑步后做適當的熱身和放松活動很重要。
7．Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.(P38 Para.1)
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。make sure意思是“確保”，其后是一個賓語從句，省略了引導詞that；amount后的that引導定語從句。
漢語翻譯： 確保運動量在心臟、肌肉和骨骼的承受范圍之內，以免受傷。
particular n．特別，尤其 adj.特別的；特定的；講究；挑剔(particularly adv.尤其，特別)
in particular (＝particularly) 尤其，特別
be particular about/over對……挑剔/講究
(1)I’m interested in Chinese traditional culture，particularly(particular) paper-cutting.
(2)We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment and air pollution in particular.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)這個小女孩太挑食以至于她父母感到特別擔心。
The little girl was so particular about/over food that her parents felt very worried.
benefit n．好處，益處v.(使)受益；得益于(beneficial adj.有益的)
be of benefit to＝be beneficial to對……有益
for one’s benefit (＝for the benefit of sb) 為了某人的利益
benefit from/by從……中受益
(1)You’d better keep a balanced diet for the benefit of your health.
(2)She often puts forward ideas that are beneficial (benefit) to the company’s business and development.
(3)To be frank，I benefit a lot from/by online learning because so many learning materials are available.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(應用文寫作之活動類)這次比賽不僅有益于改善我們的身心狀態，還幫助我們樹立積極的生活態度。
①This race is not only beneficial to improving our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
②This race is not only of benefit to improving our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
equipment n．設備，裝備(equip v．裝備；配備)
a piece of equipment一件設備
equip...with...用……來裝備……
be equipped with...配有……
(1)The charity contributed some money to the school that was very short of equipment(equip)．
[寫作佳句]
(2)(應用文寫作之人物描寫)Mr Li is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us.
＝Equipped with much experience in teaching，Mr Li is well respected by all of us.(過去分詞短語作狀語)
prevent vt.預防；阻止，阻擋(prevention n．預防，防范)
阻止某人做某事
注意：在被動語態中，以上結構中的from都不可省略。
keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”
(1)We are really sorry to keep you waiting(wait) for so long，and sincerely appreciate your patience and understanding.
(2)To prevent athletes from cheating(cheat)，they ought to take a blood test before a sports event.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(環境保護倡議書)必須采取有效的措施阻止環境污染。
Effective measures must be taken to keep/prevent/stop the environment from being polluted.
relief n．減輕，緩解(relieve v．減輕 relieved adj.感到寬慰的；放心的)
in/with relief欣慰地，釋然地
breathe a sigh of relief松了一口氣
to one’s relief (＝to the relief of sb) 令某人欣慰的是
what a relief總算松了一口氣；終于解脫了
relieve sb of...緩解/減輕某人的(痛苦、負擔等)
(1)Learning that their efforts finally paid off，the crowd sighed in/with relief.
(2)Your tips are so practical that they will surely relieve us of the potential trouble.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(讀后續寫之情感描寫)當醫生宣布她的孩子已經脫離危險時，她感到一陣寬慰涌上心頭。
When the doctor announced that her child was out of danger，she felt a wave of relief washing over her.
amount n．金額；數量，數額 v．總計，共計；相當于，等于
the amount of... ……的數量
“大量/少量的”表達：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(單數)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(復數)
amount to共計，總計；等于，相當于
(1)Large amounts of money have been spent(spend) on teaching equipment in recent years.
(2)The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(應用文寫作之建議信)為了保持健康，有規律的適量鍛煉是相當必要的。
In order to keep healthy，a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary.
satisfaction n．滿足，滿意；令人滿意(或欣慰)的事(satisfy vt.使滿意；使滿足 satisfied adj.滿意的 satisfactory＝satisfying adj.令人滿意的)
with satisfaction滿意地
to one’s satisfaction令某人滿意的是
satisfy one’s needs/demands滿足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb對某事/某人感到滿意
(1)The teacher was satisfied with the students’ performance in the class discussion.
(2)He said he wouldn’t quit trying unless he got satisfying/satisfactory(satisfy) scores in his studies.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)看著我的成績單，我父親滿意地點了點頭，臉上綻開了微笑。
Looking at my report card，my father nodded with satisfaction，a smile spreading across his face.
suggest引導賓語從句
My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.(P36)
我的朋友建議我試試長跑。
結構分析：此句為主從復合句。suggest引導賓語從句，該從句中使用了虛擬語氣。
————————————————————————————————————————
suggest表示“建議”時，后面的從句用“should＋動詞原形”構成虛擬語氣，其中should可以省略。
suggest表示“表明，暗示”時，后面的從句用陳述語氣。
suggest doing sth 建議做某事
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)Many experts suggest eating(eat) more fruit and vegetables for better health.
(2)我建議你在進行長跑之前尋求專業建議。
I suggest that you (should) seek professional advice before engaging in long-distance running.
(3)醫生建議病人每天有規律地運動，他的健康狀況的改善表明醫生的建議是非常有益的。
The doctor suggested that the patient (should) do exercise regularly every day and his improvement in health suggested that the doctor’s suggestion was of great benefit.
“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義
Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end.(P38 Para.2)
當你最終發現，所有的汗水和辛勞都是值得的，沒有什么比這更令人滿足了。
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。“Nothing...more...than”是“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義，意思是“沒有比……更……的了”；that引導賓語從句，作動詞realise的賓語。
————————————————————————————————————————
·“否定詞＋比較級”結構表示最高級含義，意為“沒有比……更……；沒有像……一樣……的了”，常用的否定詞有 no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等
·can/could＋never/not＋be＋形容詞＋enough
can/could＋never/not＋be＋too＋形容詞
越……越好；再……也不為過
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)對我們來說，沒有什么比向處在困境中的人傳遞善意更有意義的了。
To us，nothing is more meaningful than passing on kindness to those in trouble.
(2)“我從來沒吃過比這更美味的早餐了！”媽媽激動地說。
“I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother said excitedly.
(3)過馬路時，你再小心也不為過。
You can’t be too careful/You can’t be careful enough when crossing the street.
感知下文中的黑體部分，完成下面的練習
①Every student in my class has a dream university，and ②nobody is aimless. We can always share ③something special and interesting with ④one another.To keep healthy，any exercise is better than ⑤none，so we have PE class every day. However，my deskmate and I are ⑥both lazy，so ⑦neither of us love PE classes. To be honest，though we are lazy，we also agree that ⑧nothing gives ⑨one more satisfaction than sweating on the playground.⑩Everyone in my class will become somebody in the future!
上文中的①Every為不定代詞，在句中作定語；②nobody 和③something為復合不定代詞，在句中分別作主語和賓語；④one another為不定代詞，意為“彼此”；⑤none為不定代詞，在句中作賓語；⑥both表兩者都；⑦neither表兩者都不；⑧nothing為復合不定代詞，在賓語從句中作主語，⑨one作賓語；⑩Everyone和 somebody為復合不定代詞，在句中分別作主語和表語。
不定代詞
不定代詞是不具體指代某個特定名詞的代詞，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語。
一、常見不定代詞
可數/不可數 不定代詞
代替可數名詞 one，each，many，another，other，either，neither，(a) few等
代替不可數名詞 much，(a) little等
代替可數/不可數名詞 none，any，all，some等
復合不定代詞 anyone，anybody，anything；someone，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，no one，nothing等
I’m not satisfied with everything that he did.
我對他做的一切并不滿意。
Someone/Somebody is waiting for you on campus.有人在校園里等你。
But I don’t know anyone/anybody in the company.
但是在這家公司里我誰也不認識。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
只要你用心去做，沒有什么是不可能的。
The boxing match will be held in September，but nobody/no one knows the date for sure.
拳擊賽將在九月份舉行，但沒有人知道確切的日期。
二、幾組常見不定代詞的區別
1．many，much，few，a few，little，a little
含義 對象 許多 有點/些(表示肯定) 幾乎沒有(表示否定)
可數 many a few few
不可數 much a little little
I have a lot of friends but I don’t have much money.我有很多朋友，但是我沒有很多錢。
Just as the saying goes，“Many hands make light work.”
俗話說：“人多力量大。”
The expert’s theory is so difficult that few people can understand and accept it.
這位專家的理論很深奧，幾乎沒有人能理解并接受它。
In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.
用這種方式，他們只需要一點錢就能去旅游。
2．another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代詞 詞義 用法
another 另一個，又一個 泛指三者或三者以上中的另一個，后接可數名詞單數
other 其他的，另外的 表泛指，作定語，后接名詞復數
the other 特指兩者中的另一個 常與one連用，構成“one...the other...”(一個……另一個……)結構
others 泛指別的人或物 是other的復數形式，不能作定語，常構成“some...others...”結構
the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的復數形式，常構成“some...the others...”結構
We have two hands.One is on the left，and the other is on the right.
我們有兩只手。一只在左邊，另一只在右邊。
There are 40 students in our class.Three are Americans，and the others are Chinese.我們班有40名學生，3名是美國人，其余的都是中國人。
I have eaten an apple，but I still want another(apple)．我已經吃了一個蘋果了，但是我還想要一個。
Some students like English while other students/others like physics.
一些學生喜歡英語而另外一些學生喜歡物理。
3．one，the one，ones，the ones，that，those
不定代詞 用法
one 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞，泛指其同類中的某一個
the one 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞單數，特指其同類中的某一個
ones 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞復數，為泛指
the ones 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞復數，為特指
that 代替“the＋不可數名詞”，也可代替“the＋可數名詞單數”，這時可以和the one 互換
those 代替前面出現的可數名詞復數，避免重復，且表示特指，后有定語修飾，可與the ones通用
A house which is built of bricks lasts longer than the one that is made of woods.
用磚建造的房子比用木頭建造的房子耐用。
As we all know，the population of Beijing is larger than that of Jinan.
眾所周知，北京的人口比濟南的人口多。
The athletes of this team are more dynamic and confident than those/the ones of that team.
這個隊的運動員比那個隊的運動員更有活力、更自信。
There are various laptops in the store，and I want to buy one.
商店里有各種各樣的筆記本電腦，我想買一臺。
I don’t like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.我不喜歡彩色信封，我喜歡白色的。
4．both，neither，either
不定代詞 意義 在句中所作成分 謂語動詞的形式
both 兩者都 作主語、賓語、定語或同位語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式
neither 兩者都不 作主語、賓語或定語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式
either 兩者中任一個 作主語、賓語或定語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
她邀請我們兩個都去參加她的生日宴會。
It was hard for him to learn English in a family，in which neither of his parents spoke the language.
在一個父母都不說英語的家庭中，學英語對他來說很難。
You can choose either of the topics，but do not attempt both.
你可以選擇任意的一個話題，但不能兩個都選。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．To our surprise，the pens in this shop are cheaper than those in that one.
2．There are two packs on the desk.You can take either/both of them.
3．Nothing is impossible if you have confidence as well as work hard.
4．There’s something wrong with the machine.We must have it repaired.
5.Cycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is another.
6．Helping others is a habit，one that you can learn even at an early age.
7．Of all the books on the desk，none is of any benefit to your study.
8．You can ask anyone/anybody here for help when you are in trouble.
9.Make sure you’ve got everything before you leave，such as the passport and the ticket.
10．On Sundays，some people go to play basketball，and others stay at home watching TV.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．如果我們再有兩周的時間，我們就能完美地完成任務。
We will finish the task perfectly if we are given another two weeks.
2．他有一對雙胞胎兒子，一個是律師，一個是醫生。
He has two twin sons.One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor.
3．他餓了，但在廚房里他找不到吃的東西。
He felt hungry，but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen.
4．我們應該把注意力集中在真正重要的事情上。
We should focus our attention on something that really matters.
5．令他失望的是，他的朋友們沒有一個來參加他的生日派對。
To his disappointment，none of his friends came to attend his birthday party.
Ⅲ.選擇適當的不定代詞完成以下語段
As senior high school students,1.all of us have too much homework 2.every day.Only 3.some of us can finish it during the day，so the 4.others have to stay up at night.Fortunately，our teachers told us 5.many ways to study effectively，among which the two are beneficial to me in particular.6.One is previewing before class and the 7.other is being attentive in class.I think 8.both of them can be applied to 9.everyone.
訓練4　Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．She spoke up in defence(defend) of her friend who had been misunderstood.
2．First you should set a goal which is achievable(achieve) at the moment.
3．To our relief(relieve)，we finally know the details of the gymnastics competition.
4．This meeting is beneficial(benefit) to strengthening the friendship between the two countries.
5．The doctor gave him some guidelines(guideline) to help him relieve his ache.
6．A large amount of time and money was wasted(waste) on the meaningless activity last year.
7．After a fire broke out in the company，a lot of equipment(equip) was destroyed.
8．His story serves as an inspiration(inspire) and reminds us of the value of working hard.
9．Seeing the big stone removed from the major road，the old man smiled with satisfaction(satisfy)．
10．With the help of these volunteers，I am capable of organizing the big event to be held in this city.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)(滿分15分)
1．聽說你現在厭倦學習并想放棄，我很傷心。(be fed up with)
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.
2．我建議你采取一些有效措施來減輕你的學習壓力。(suggest＋虛擬語氣)
I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.
3．你可以報名參加一些課外活動，如打籃球、畫畫等。(sign up for)
You can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.
4．這些活動不僅能幫助你強健身體，還能讓你心情愉快。(cheer up)
Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.
5．沒有什么比被一群朋友圍繞更令人開心的了。(否定詞＋比較級)
Nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
參考范文
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.For example，you can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.Besides，nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends，so you should make some friends through these activities.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
Many of us are not happy with our physical appearance.We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies...Indeed，there is a multibillion-dollar industry built around people’s desire to look “better”．
I think we all have an idea that our society’s preference for body image is not completely healthy，and it isn’t.There is plenty of research showing that poor body image is connected with depression and eating disorders，especially among women.
Research also has shown that exercise can improve a person’s own body image，regardless of any actual change in their body.One study showed that just 30 minutes of physical activity had a clear positive effect on women’s body image.But why is this
A small study in the magazine Psychology of Sport and Exercise tested different possibilities.They chose 75 college-age women who were dissatisfied with their physical appearance，as measured by several previous questionnaires.The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.Then，half of the women exercised actively for 30 minutes on an exercise bike，while the other half sat in a room and read magazines.Then they all repeated the questionnaires，right away and again 20 minutes later.
The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.The authors suggest that these positive changes may last longer than 20 minutes，and thus may help to explain why people who exercise regularly have better self-images regardless of any actual change in their appearance.They call for further research examining different types of exercise and increasing the post-exercise study time.
Though this is a small study，it does support previous findings.I think it’s safe to say that exercise is clearly connected with improvements in body image，and there is little disadvantage.I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression，and for those who also suffer from poor self-image，this recommendation could be even more important.
1．What does the underlined phrase “a multibillion-dollar industry” probably refer to
A．The fashion industry.
B．The health and fitness industry.
C．The beauty and body care industry.
D．The TV and movie making industry.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據第一段的“We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies”和“around people’s desire to look ‘better’”可知，許多人對自己的外表不滿意，想改變自己，于是圍繞著人們追求變得更好看的愿望產生了一個產業。由此可知，這個價值數十億美元的產業會讓人變得更好看，所以應該是美容美體行業。故選C。
2．What can we know from the process of the study mentioned in paragraph 4
A．The questionnaire covers various subjects.
B．Women were asked about types of exercise.
C．The questionnaire needs to be done for just one time.
D．The positive changes from exercise last only for 20 minutes.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據第四段的“The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.”可知，調查問卷涉及的問題是多方面的。故選A。
3．What can we know from the passage
A．A good body image can prevent depression.
B．Exercise has a mental effect on body image.
C．Young women are satisfied with their physical image.
D．Women are more likely to have a good body image than men.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.”可知，鍛煉會有一定的心理作用，讓人感覺自己變得更好看。故選B。
4．What can be inferred about the writer
A．He may be a professional psychologist.
B．He disagrees with the research findings.
C．He cares more about his physical appearance.
D．He advises researchers to carry out further research.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression...”可推知，作者可能是一名專業的心理醫生。故選A。
B
(2025·湖北新高考聯考高一上期中)
Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.The research，published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，found that every extra step above 2,200 steps a day—up to about 10,000—reduces these risks，regardless of how much of the remaining time is spent sitting.
Researchers found the lowest risk of early death was among people who walked 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day.When it came to avoiding stroke and heart attack，the lowest risks were in people walking about 9,700 steps a day.
For the research，experts led by the University of Sydney used UK Biobank data(數據) from 72,174 people who were aged about 61.They all wore a device(設備) for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke were recorded.The study concluded that between 9,000 and 10,500 steps a day cut the risk of early death by 39% and the risk of a heart attack or stroke by over a fifth.
This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of early death and heart disease.Even low levels of activity could reduce the risk of stroke.
Julie Ward，a senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation，said，“Daily physical activity is important to help maintain a healthy lifestyle and reduce your risk of developing heart conditions and your risk of stroke.This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”
5．How did the researchers get the result of the study
A．By analyzing data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By interviewing experts.
D．By explaining reasons.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“For the research，experts...used UK Biobank data(數據) from 72,174 people...for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular...The study concluded that...”可知，專家使用了來自72 174名約61歲人群的英國生物銀行數據，在七年的跟蹤調查后，記錄了1 633例死亡和6 190例心血管事件，最后得出結論，由此推知研究者是通過分析數據來得到研究結果的。故選A。
6．What’s the author’s attitude towards the study
A．Concerned. B．Positive.
C．Objective. D．Unclear.
答案　B
解析　觀點態度題。根據文章第四段“This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of...”可知，作者使用“hopeful”來描述這項研究，表明他對這項研究持積極態度。故選B。
7．What activity might Julie Ward disagree with
A．Staying up late to surf the Internet.
B．Going to the gym and enjoying exercise classes.
C．Getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.
D．Taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段中“Daily physical activity is important to...This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”可知，Julie Ward強調了日常身體活動的重要性，并給出了幾個例子，但熬夜上網不屬于此列，可推知她會對此表示不贊同。故選A。
8．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Walking 2,200 steps a day makes us healthier and live longer.
B．Walking 10,000 steps a day makes us avoid stroke and heart attack.
C．Walking 2,200 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early death.
D．Walking 10,000 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early death.
答案　D
解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據文章第一段中“Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.”和第四段內容可知，文章主要介紹了每日走10 000步可以降低心臟病和早亡的風險。B選項中的avoid用詞不當。故選D。
Ⅳ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
How to Make Exercise a Habit
The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit.But by the third week of January，that all seems to go out the window.I’ve seen this happen almost every year：my workout(鍛煉) classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit，helping you stay healthier in the long run.
Focus on the routine and not the results.
These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results，particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit.Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place.
　3　
Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions.But realistically，if you’re not used to this，it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit.Given this，doing workouts even as small as 5－10 minutes is a good place to start.
Forget the “all or nothing” view.
When it comes to exercise，the all or nothing approach does not serve you.Say you plan a workout for today，but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 4 Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.Just remember your results are from your every effort，no matter how small.
Find joy in your workouts.
Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun.Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. 5
A．Life happens sometimes.
B．Start with mini workouts.
C．Build yourself workout time-zone.
D．But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E．There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F．A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G．But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
1．答案　G
解析　根據上文可知，人們很快就會忘記自己的鍛煉和健身目標，作者幾乎每年都目睹這一現象：作者的鍛煉課上滿是新面孔。G項“但僅僅幾周后，人數就會恢復到正常水平”承接上文，說明新年開始確實會有很多新人參加鍛煉，但他們很快又會消失。故選G項。
2．答案　D
解析　本段小標題強調“關注過程，而不是結果”。上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results...”提出人們都想找到捷徑，尤其是提到健康和健身的時候，D項“但在現實中，結果需要時間才能顯現”與上文構成轉折關系，指出這一想法的不切實際，并照應小標題。故選D項。
3．答案　B
解析　設空句是段首小標題。根據段落內容“每個人似乎都想設定一個大目標……但實際上，如果你不習慣這樣做，它只會讓你難以承受，最終導致你放棄。考慮到這一點，即使是5到10分鐘的小鍛煉也是一個很好的開始”可知，本段建議從小鍛煉開始，B項“從小型鍛煉開始”能概括本段主旨。故選B項。
4．答案　A
解析　根據上文“Say you plan a workout for today...you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.”可知，我們可能因為工作而錯過計劃好的鍛煉時間，但這并不意味著失敗。結合下文“Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.” 可知，即使你錯過了鍛煉，也不意味著你已經放棄了。A項“生活中總會發生意外”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A項。
5．答案　F
解析　根據本段小標題和上文可知，本段講要在鍛煉中找到樂趣，鼓勵讀者找到有趣的鍛煉方式，F項“適合你的鍛煉會提升你的動力和樂趣”承接上文，呼應小標題。故選F項。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·四川成都高一上期中)
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen，who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1.____________(sell) water，postcards and headdress flowers，have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments.Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill，a popular scenic spot 2. (know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit.
3． (support) her family，Xu，who dropped out of junior school in the 4. (three) grade，began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers.She has been working 5. a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998，when the area 6. (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours.Over the past two decades，Xu 7. (teach) herself 11 foreign languages，including English，Spanish，Japanese，German，Hebrew，Korean and so on.In addition to making her very popular，her linguistic prowess(造詣) has made 8.__________ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists.As a result，Xu has also become one of the 9. (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo.Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day，especially foreign visitors,e to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了徐秀珍通過自學11種語言成為陽朔著名導游的故事。
1．答案　selling
解析　考查非謂語動詞。空處應用非謂語動詞和while構成時間狀語，sell和邏輯主語Xu Xiuzhen之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞，故填selling。
2．答案　known
解析　考查非謂語動詞。句子已有謂語動詞“is located”，空處應用非謂語動詞，scenic spot與know之間為被動關系，需用過去分詞known作后置定語。故填known。
3．答案　To support
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處需用不定式to support作目的狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填To support。
4．答案　third
解析　考查序數詞。根據句意和空前“dropped out of junior school in the”可知，空處需用序數詞third修飾grade，表示“三年級”。故填third。
5．答案　as
解析　考查介詞。work as“以……(身份)工作”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。
6．答案　became
解析　考查動詞時態。空處在when引導的時間狀語從句中作謂語，根據“1998”可知，從句描述的是1998年的事情，時態需用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式形式。故填became。
7．答案　has taught/has been teaching
解析　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語“Over the past two decades”可知，這里應該用現在完成時或現在完成進行時表示過去的動作對現在造成的影響或從過去開始一直持續到現在的動作，主語為單數，助動詞用has。故填has taught/has been teaching。
8．答案　it
解析　考查代詞。根據句意可知，空處需用代詞it作形式賓語，真正的賓語為后面的動詞不定式to communicate with foreign tourists。故填it。
9．答案　busiest
解析　考查形容詞最高級。one of＋the＋形容詞最高級＋名詞復數“最……的……之一”，空處需用形容詞最高級busiest作定語，表示“最忙的”。故填busiest。
10．答案　who
解析　考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞visitors，指人，且從句中缺少主語，需用關系代詞who引導。故填who。(共111張PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
SPORTS AND FITNESS
UNIT 2
內容索引
Part 1　課文深度理解
Part 2　長句難句分析
Part 3　語言知識梳理
Part 4　語法項目精講
訓練4
課文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Any exercise is better than none.
B.The advice to a new runner.
C.Benefits of long-distance running and some advice on it.
D.Advice on how to avoid injuries in long-distance running.
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章結構
beginners
running
prevent
strength
immune
risk
relief
Warm-up
Warm-down
5
1.What should you do to be a runner
A.Have a gym membership.
B.Have a pair of good running shoes.
C.Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.
D.Have some special equipment such as a running machine.
√
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節
2.What must you do to avoid hurting yourself while running
A.Jog slowly before running.
B.Relax your body before running.
C.Cheer yourself up before running.
D.Warm up and cool down before and after running.
√
3.What does “warm-down” refer to according to the passage
A.The exercise to strengthen your body.
B.The exercise to make you warm enough.
C.The relaxing exercise before a long-distance running.
D.The relaxing exercise after a long-distance running.
√
4.Where may the passage come from
A.A textbook.
B.A website.
C.An advertisement.
D.A guide book.
√
Long-distance running has a lot of benefits.1. particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you don’t need a membership of a gym or any special 2. (equip).It is a good way 3. (know) yourself and understand 4. you are capable of.
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
In
equipment
to know
what
Running can help you be 5. (health) and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and make your heart 6. (strong).It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of serious health problems.Long-distance running can cheer you 7. and make you 8. (relief) from aches or tension because of stress.
If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down 9. (proper) before and after running to avoid 10.________(hurt) yourself.And keep in mind that you should not stop immediately after a long run.
返 回
healthy
stronger
up
relieve
properly
hurting
長句難句分析
1.As people often say，any exercise is better none，but long-distance running particular has a lot of benefits.(P37 Para.1)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句。as引導　　　　　　從句，意為“______”，but 為連詞，后面句子的主語為　　　　　　　　　　　，謂語為　　　，賓語為　　　　。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
正如人們常說的，運動總比不運動好，特別是長跑有很多益處。
than
in
主從復合
非限制性定語
正如
long-distance running
has
benefits
2.There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable .(P37 Para.2)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句，句中to know yourself and to see...為動詞不定式作　　語，修飾　　　；what引導　　　從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。
of
主從復合
定
way
賓語
3.You are also somebody who worries about 　　　　(get) sick. (P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句。who引導　　　從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
你像很多人一樣，也擔心自己生病。
getting
主從復合
定語
4.Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer ____________(them) up.(P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句，包含一個who 引導的　　　從句，先行詞是　　　　　；主句中的to cheer...up是不定式短語作　　　　　。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
此外，任何心情低落的人都可以選擇跑步讓自己振作起來。
themselves
主從復合
定語
anybody
目的狀語
5.Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief aches or tension that you may be suffering due stress.(P37 Para.3)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句。that引導　　　從句，修飾先行詞_________________，that在從句中作　　語。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
即使跑30分鐘也能緩解你因壓力而感到的疼痛或緊張。
from
to
主從復合
定語
aches or tension
賓
6....it is important to warm up and cool down (proper) before and after running...(P37 Para.4)
結構分析：此處it作　　　　　，真正的主語是后面的　　　　　短語。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
跑步前和跑步后做適當的熱身和放松活動很重要。
properly
形式主語
動詞不定式
7.Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take 　　 　 getting hurt.(P38 Para.1)
結構分析：此句是　　　　　句。make sure意思是“　　　”，其后是一個賓語從句，省略了引導詞 　　；amount后的that引導　　　從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
確保運動量在心臟、肌肉和骨骼的承受范圍之內，以免受傷。
返 回
without
主從復合
確保
that
定語
語言知識梳理
n.特別，尤其 adj.特別的；特定的；講究；挑剔(particularly adv.尤其，特別)
1
particular
·in particular (＝particularly) 尤其，特別
·be particular about/over對……挑剔/講究
(1)I’m interested in Chinese traditional culture， (particular) paper-cutting.
(2)We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment and air pollution particular.
particularly
in
(3)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)這個小女孩太挑食以至于她父母感到特別擔心。
The little girl was her parents felt very worried.
寫作佳句
so particular about/over food that
n.好處，益處v.(使)受益；得益于(beneficial adj.有益的)
2
benefit
·be of benefit to＝be beneficial to對……有益
　for one’s benefit (＝for the benefit of sb) 為了某人的利益
·benefit from/by從……中受益
(1)You’d better keep a balanced diet the benefit of your health.
(2)She often puts forward ideas that are (benefit) to the company’s business and development.
(3)To be frank，I benefit a lot online learning because so many learning materials are available.
for
beneficial
from/by
(4)(應用文寫作之活動類)這次比賽不僅有益于改善我們的身心狀態，還幫助我們樹立積極的生活態度。
①This race our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
②This race our physical and psychological state，but it also helps us build a positive attitude towards life.
寫作佳句
is not only beneficial to improving
is not only of benefit to improving
n.設備，裝備(equip v.裝備；配備)
3
equipment
·a piece of equipment一件設備
·equip...with...用……來裝備……
　be equipped with...配有……
(1)The charity contributed some money to the school that was very short of (equip).
equipment
(2)(應用文寫作之人物描寫)Mr Li is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us.
＝ ，Mr Li is well respected by all of us.(過去分詞短語作狀語)
寫作佳句
Equipped with much experience in teaching
vt.預防；阻止，阻擋(prevention n.預防，防范)
4
prevent
注意：在被動語態中，以上結構中的from都不可省略。
keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”
prevent sb (from) doing sth
stop sb (from) doing sth
keep sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
(1)We are really sorry to keep you (wait) for so long，and sincerely appreciate your patience and understanding.
(2)To prevent athletes from (cheat)，they ought to take a blood test before a sports event.
waiting
cheating
(3)(環境保護倡議書)必須采取有效的措施阻止環境污染。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
寫作佳句
Effective measures must be taken to keep/prevent/stop the environment from being polluted.
n.減輕，緩解(relieve v.減輕 relieved adj.感到寬慰的；放心的)
5
relief
·in/with relief欣慰地，釋然地
　breathe a sigh of relief松了一口氣
　to one’s relief (＝to the relief of sb) 令某人欣慰的是
　what a relief總算松了一口氣；終于解脫了
·relieve sb of...緩解/減輕某人的(痛苦、負擔等)
(1)Learning that their efforts finally paid off，the crowd sighed ________ relief.
(2)Your tips are so practical that they will surely relieve us the potential trouble.
in/with
of
(3)(讀后續寫之情感描寫)當醫生宣布她的孩子已經脫離危險時，她感到一陣寬慰涌上心頭。
When the doctor announced that her child was out of danger，_________________________ washing over her.
寫作佳句
she felt a wave of relief
n.金額；數量，數額 v.總計，共計；相當于，等于
6
amount
·the amount of... ……的數量
·“大量/少量的”表達：
　a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(單數)
　large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(復數)
·amount to共計，總計；等于，相當于
(1)Large amounts of money (spend) on teaching equipment in recent years.
(2)The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted 300 dollars，which could help support my family.
have been spent
to
(3)(應用文寫作之建議信)為了保持健康，有規律的適量鍛煉是相當必要的。
In order to keep healthy，________________________________
__________________.
寫作佳句
a proper amount of regular exercise
is quite necessary
n.滿足，滿意；令人滿意(或欣慰)的事(satisfy vt.使滿意；使滿足 satisfied adj.滿意的 satisfactory＝satisfying adj.令人滿意的)
7
satisfaction
·with satisfaction滿意地
　to one’s satisfaction令某人滿意的是
·satisfy one’s needs/demands滿足某人的需要
·be satisfied with sth/sb對某事/某人感到滿意
(1)The teacher was satisfied the students’ performance in the class discussion.
(2)He said he wouldn’t quit trying unless he got ______________________
(satisfy) scores in his studies.
with
satisfying/satisfactory
(3)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)看著我的成績單，我父親滿意地點了點頭，臉上綻開了微笑。
Looking at my report card， ，a smile spreading across his face.
寫作佳句
my father nodded with satisfaction
8
suggest引導賓語從句
My friend suggested I should try long-distance running.(P36)
我的朋友建議我試試長跑。
結構分析：此句為主從復合句。suggest引導賓語從句，該從句中使用了虛擬語氣。
·suggest表示“建議”時，后面的從句用“should＋動詞原形”構成虛擬語
　氣，其中should可以省略。
·suggest表示“表明，暗示”時，后面的從句用陳述語氣。
·suggest doing sth 建議做某事
(1)Many experts suggest (eat) more fruit and vegetables for better health.
(2)我建議你在進行長跑之前尋求專業建議。
I suggest that before engaging in long-distance running.
(3)醫生建議病人每天有規律地運動，他的健康狀況的改善表明醫生的建議是非常有益的。
_____________________________________________________ regularly every day and his improvement in health ___________________________
_____________________________.
eating
you (should) seek professional advice
The doctor suggested that the patient (should) do exercise
suggested that the doctor’s
suggestion was of great benefit
9
“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義
Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end.(P38 Para.2)
當你最終發現，所有的汗水和辛勞都是值得的，沒有什么比這更令人滿足了。
結構分析：此句是主從復合句。“Nothing...more...than”是“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義，意思是“沒有比……更……的了”；that引導賓語從句，作動詞realise的賓語。
·“否定詞＋比較級”結構表示最高級含義，意為“沒有比……更……；
　沒有像……一樣……的了”，常用的否定詞有 no，not，never，
　nothing，nobody，hardly等
·can/could＋never/not＋be＋形容詞＋enough
　can/could＋never/not＋be＋too＋形容詞
　越……越好；再……也不為過
(1)對我們來說，沒有什么比向處在困境中的人傳遞善意更有意義的了。
To us， passing on kindness to those in trouble.
(2)“我從來沒吃過比這更美味的早餐了！”媽媽激動地說。
“ ” the mother said excitedly.
(3)過馬路時，你再小心也不為過。
_______________________________________________ when crossing the street.
返 回
nothing is more meaningful than
I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！
You can’t be too careful/You can’t be careful enough
語法項目精講
感知下文中的加顏色部分，完成下面的練習
①Every student in my class has a dream university，and ②nobody is aimless. We can always share ③something special and interesting with ④one another.To keep healthy，any exercise is better than ⑤none，so we have PE class every day. However，my deskmate and I are ⑥both lazy，so ⑦neither of us love PE classes. To be honest，though we are lazy，we also agree that ⑧nothing gives ⑨one more satisfaction than sweating on the playground.⑩Everyone in my class will become somebody in the future!
情境導讀
上文中的①Every為不定代詞，在句中作　　　；②nobody 和③something為復合不定代詞，在句中分別作　　　和　　　；④one another為不定代詞，意為“　　　”；⑤none為不定代詞，在句中作　　；⑥both表　　　　；⑦neither表　　　　　；⑧nothing為復合不定代詞，在賓語從句中作　　　，⑨one作　　　；⑩Everyone和 somebody為復合不定代詞，在句中分別作　　　和　　　。
定語
主語
賓語
彼此
賓語
兩者都
兩者都不
主語
賓語
主語
表語
不定代詞
不定代詞是不具體指代某個特定名詞的代詞，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語。
一、常見不定代詞
語法精講
可數/不可數 不定代詞
代替可數名詞 one，each，many，another，other，either，neither，(a) few等
代替不可數名詞 much，(a) little等
代替可數/不可數名詞 none，any，all，some等
語法精講
可數/不可數 不定代詞
復合不定代詞 anyone，anybody，anything；someone，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，no one，nothing等
I’m not satisfied with everything that he did.
我對他做的一切并不滿意。
Someone/Somebody is waiting for you on campus.有人在校園里等你。
But I don’t know anyone/anybody in the company.
但是在這家公司里我誰也不認識。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
只要你用心去做，沒有什么是不可能的。
The boxing match will be held in September，but nobody/no one knows the date for sure.
拳擊賽將在九月份舉行，但沒有人知道確切的日期。
二、幾組常見不定代詞的區別
1.many，much，few，a few，little，a little
含義 對象 許多 有點/些(表示肯定) 幾乎沒有(表示否定)
可數 many a few few
不可數 much a little little
I have a lot of friends but I don’t have much money.我有很多朋友，但是我沒有很多錢。
Just as the saying goes，“Many hands make light work.”
俗話說：“人多力量大。”
The expert’s theory is so difficult that few people can understand and accept it.
這位專家的理論很深奧，幾乎沒有人能理解并接受它。
In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.
用這種方式，他們只需要一點錢就能去旅游。
2.another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代詞 詞義 用法
another 另一個，又一個 泛指三者或三者以上中的另一個，后接可數名詞單數
other 其他的，另外的 表泛指，作定語，后接名詞復數
the other 特指兩者中的另一個 常與one連用，構成“one...the other...”
(一個……另一個……)結構
others 泛指別的人或物 是other的復數形式，不能作定語，常構成“some...others...”結構
the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的復數形式，常構成“some...the others...”結構
We have two hands.One is on the left，and the other is on the right.
我們有兩只手。一只在左邊，另一只在右邊。
There are 40 students in our class.Three are Americans，and the others are Chinese.我們班有40名學生，3名是美國人，其余的都是中國人。
I have eaten an apple，but I still want another(apple).我已經吃了一個蘋果了，但是我還想要一個。
Some students like English while other students/others like physics.
一些學生喜歡英語而另外一些學生喜歡物理。
3.one，the one，ones，the ones，that，those
不定代詞 用法
one 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞，泛指其同類中的某一個
the one 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞單數，特指其同類中的某一個
ones 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞復數，為泛指
the ones 用來代替前面提到的可數名詞復數，為特指
that 代替“the＋不可數名詞”，也可代替“the＋可數名詞單數”，這時可以和the one 互換
those 代替前面出現的可數名詞復數，避免重復，且表示特指，后有定語修飾，可與the ones通用
A house which is built of bricks lasts longer than the one that is made of woods.
用磚建造的房子比用木頭建造的房子耐用。
As we all know，the population of Beijing is larger than that of Jinan.
眾所周知，北京的人口比濟南的人口多。
The athletes of this team are more dynamic and confident than those/the ones of that team.
這個隊的運動員比那個隊的運動員更有活力、更自信。
There are various laptops in the store，and I want to buy one.
商店里有各種各樣的筆記本電腦，我想買一臺。
I don’t like coloured envelopes.I like white ones.我不喜歡彩色信封，我喜歡白色的。
4.both，neither，either
不定代詞 意義 在句中所作成分 謂語動詞的形式
both 兩者都 作主語、賓語、定語或同位語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式
neither 兩者都不 作主語、賓語或定語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式
either 兩者中任一個 作主語、賓語或定語，可以和of短語連用 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
她邀請我們兩個都去參加她的生日宴會。
It was hard for him to learn English in a family，in which neither of his parents spoke the language.
在一個父母都不說英語的家庭中，學英語對他來說很難。
You can choose either of the topics，but do not attempt both.
你可以選擇任意的一個話題，但不能兩個都選。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.To our surprise，the pens in this shop are cheaper than 　　　 in that one.
2.There are two packs on the desk.You can take of them.
3. is impossible if you have confidence as well as work hard.
4.There’s wrong with the machine.We must have it repaired.
5.Cycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is .
6.Helping others is a habit， that you can learn even at an early age.
達標檢測
those
either/both
Nothing
something
another
one
7.Of all the books on the desk， is of any benefit to your study.
8.You can ask here for help when you are in trouble.
9.Make sure you’ve got before you leave，such as the passport and the ticket.
10.On Sundays，some people go to play basketball，and stay at home watching TV.
none
anyone/anybody
everything
others
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.如果我們再有兩周的時間，我們就能完美地完成任務。
We will finish the task perfectly if .
2.他有一對雙胞胎兒子，一個是律師，一個是醫生。
He has two twin sons. .
3.他餓了，但在廚房里他找不到吃的東西。
He felt hungry，but he could find in the kitchen.
we are given another two weeks
One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor
nothing to eat
4.我們應該把注意力集中在真正重要的事情上。
We that really matters.
5.令他失望的是，他的朋友們沒有一個來參加他的生日派對。
To his disappointment， came to attend his birthday party.
should focus our attention on something
none of his friends
Ⅲ.選擇適當的不定代詞完成以下語段
everyone，every，all，other，others，both，one，some，many
As senior high school students,1. of us have too much homework 2. day.Only 3. of us can finish it during the day，so the 4._________ have to stay up at night.Fortunately，our teachers told us 5._______ ways to study effectively，among which the two are beneficial
to me in particular.6. is previewing before class and the 7. is
being attentive in class.I think 8. of them can be applied to 9. .
返 回
all
every
others
many
One
other
everyone
both
some
訓練4
1.She spoke up in (defend) of her friend who had been misunderstood.
2.First you should set a goal which is (achieve) at the moment.
3.To our (relieve)，we finally know the details of the gymnastics competition.
4.This meeting is (benefit) to strengthening the friendship between the two countries.
5.The doctor gave him some (guideline) to help him relieve his ache.
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
defence
achievable
relief
beneficial
guidelines
6.A large amount of time and money (waste) on the meaningless activity last year.
7.After a fire broke out in the company，a lot of (equip) was destroyed.
8.His story serves as an (inspire) and reminds us of the value of working hard.
9.Seeing the big stone removed from the major road，the old man smiled with (satisfy).
10.With the help of these volunteers，I am capable organizing the big event to be held in this city.
was wasted
equipment
inspiration
satisfaction
of
1.聽說你現在厭倦學習并想放棄，我很傷心。(be fed up with)
I am sorry to hear that you and want to give up.
2.我建議你采取一些有效措施來減輕你的學習壓力。(suggest＋虛擬語氣)
___________________________________________________ to relieve your study stress.
3.你可以報名參加一些課外活動，如打籃球、畫畫等。(sign up for)
You can _______________________________________________________
______________.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)
are now fed up with your study
I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures
sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball
and painting
4.這些活動不僅能幫助你強健身體，還能讓你心情愉快。(cheer up)
Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，__________
_____________________.
5.沒有什么比被一群朋友圍繞更令人開心的了。(否定詞＋比較級)
_________________________________________ a group of friends.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
but they
can also cheer you up
Nothing is happier than being surrounded by
參考范文
I am sorry to hear that you are now fed up with your study and want to give up.I suggest that you (should) take some effective measures to relieve your study stress.For example，you can sign up for some after-class activities，such as playing basketball and painting.Not only can these activities help you strengthen your body，but they can also cheer you up.Besides，nothing is happier than being surrounded by a group of friends，so you should make some friends through these activities.
A
Many of us are not happy with our physical appearance.We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies...Indeed，there is a multibillion-dollar industry built around people’s desire to look “better”.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文，主要探討了運動對改善自我身體形象的積極作用。
I think we all have an idea that our society’s preference for body image is not completely healthy，and it isn’t.There is plenty of research showing that poor body image is connected with depression and eating disorders，especially among women.
Research also has shown that exercise can improve a person’s own body image，regardless of any actual change in their body.One study showed that just 30 minutes of physical activity had a clear positive effect on women’s body image.But why is this
A small study in the magazine Psychology of Sport and Exercise tested different possibilities.They chose 75 college-age women who were dissatisfied with their physical appearance，as measured by several previous questionnaires.The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.Then，half of the women exercised actively for 30 minutes on an exercise bike，while the other half sat in a room and read magazines.Then they all repeated the questionnaires，right away and again 20 minutes later.
The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.The authors suggest that these positive changes may last longer than 20 minutes，and thus may help to explain why people who exercise regularly have better self-images regardless of any actual change in their appearance.They call for further research examining different types of exercise and increasing the post-exercise study time.
Though this is a small study，it does support previous findings.I think it’s safe to say that exercise is clearly connected with improvements in body image，and there is little disadvantage.I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression，and for those who also suffer from poor self-image，this recommendation could be even more important.
1.What does the underlined phrase “a multibillion-dollar industry” probably refer to
A.The fashion industry.
B.The health and fitness industry.
C.The beauty and body care industry.
D.The TV and movie making industry.
√
推理判斷題。根據第一段的“We want to change ourselves，to be more like a perfect image shown on magazine covers，TVs，movies”和“around people’s desire to look ‘better’”可知，許多人對自己的外表不滿意，想改變自己，于是圍繞著人們追求變得更好看的愿望產生了一個產業。由此可知，這個價值數十億美元的產業會讓人變得更好看，所以應該是美容美體行業。故選C。
解析
2.What can we know from the process of the study mentioned in paragraph 4
A.The questionnaire covers various subjects.
B.Women were asked about types of exercise.
C.The questionnaire needs to be done for just one time.
D.The positive changes from exercise last only for 20 minutes.
√
細節理解題。根據第四段的“The questionnaires measured how these women felt about their appearance，weight，fat level，fitness，confidence in their ability to exercise，energy levels and stress.They were also asked how much they enjoyed exercise.”可知，調查問卷涉及的問題是多方面的。故選A。
解析
3.What can we know from the passage
A.A good body image can prevent depression.
B.Exercise has a mental effect on body image.
C.Young women are satisfied with their physical image.
D.Women are more likely to have a good body image than men.
√
細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“The women who exercised felt thinner and stronger immediately，and still felt that way 20 minutes after exercising.”可知，鍛煉會有一定的心理作用，讓人感覺自己變得更好看。故選B。
解析
4.What can be inferred about the writer
A.He may be a professional psychologist.
B.He disagrees with the research findings.
C.He cares more about his physical appearance.
D.He advises researchers to carry out further research.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“I already recommend regular exercise to my patients who suffer from depression...”可推知，作者可能是一名專業的心理醫生。故選A。
解析
B
(2025·湖北新高考聯考高一上期中)
Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.The research，published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，found that every extra step above 2,200 steps a day—up to about 10,000—reduces these risks，regardless of how much of the remaining time is spent sitting.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了關于每日步數與心臟病及早亡風險之間關系的研究。
Researchers found the lowest risk of early death was among people who walked 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day.When it came to avoiding stroke and heart attack，the lowest risks were in people walking about 9,700 steps a day.
For the research，experts led by the University of Sydney used UK Biobank data(數據) from 72,174 people who were aged about 61.They all wore a device(設備) for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke were recorded.The study concluded that between 9,000 and 10,500 steps a day cut the risk of early death by 39% and the risk of a heart attack or stroke by over a fifth.
This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of early death and heart disease.Even low levels of activity could reduce the risk of stroke.
Julie Ward，a senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation，said，“Daily physical activity is important to help maintain a healthy lifestyle and reduce your risk of developing heart conditions and your risk of stroke.This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”
5.How did the researchers get the result of the study
A.By analyzing data.
B.By giving examples.
C.By interviewing experts.
D.By explaining reasons.
√
推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“For the research，experts...used UK Biobank data(數據) from 72,174 people...for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up,1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular...The study concluded that...”可知，專家使用了來自72 174名約61歲人群的英國生物銀行數據，在七年的跟蹤調查后，記錄了1 633例死亡和6 190例心血管事件，最后得出結論，由此推知研究者是通過分析數據來得到研究結果的。故選A。
解析
6.What’s the author’s attitude towards the study
A.Concerned. B.Positive.
C.Objective. D.Unclear.
√
觀點態度題。根據文章第四段“This hopeful new study showed that every single step towards making it to 10,000 steps a day was of importance to reduce risk of...”可知，作者使用“hopeful”來描述這項研究，表明他對這項研究持積極態度。故選B。
解析
7.What activity might Julie Ward disagree with
A.Staying up late to surf the Internet.
B.Going to the gym and enjoying exercise classes.
C.Getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.
D.Taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen.
√
推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段中“Daily physical activity is important to...This can be any activity that fits into your lifestyle，such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen，going to the gym，enjoying exercise classes，or even getting off the bus one stop earlier to get more steps in.”可知，Julie Ward強調了日常身體活動的重要性，并給出了幾個例子，但熬夜上網不屬于此列，可推知她會對此表示不贊同。故選A。
解析
8.What’s the main idea of the text
A.Walking 2,200 steps a day makes us healthier and live longer.
B.Walking 10,000 steps a day makes us avoid stroke and heart attack.
C.Walking 2,200 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early
　death.
D.Walking 10,000 steps a day reduces the risk of heart disease and early
　death.
√
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據文章第一段中“Walking up to 10,000 steps a day lowers the risk of heart disease and early death，even when spending the rest of the day sitting，a research suggests.”和第四段內容可知，文章主要介紹了每日走10 000步可以降低心臟病和早亡的風險。B選項中的avoid用詞不當。故選D。
解析
How to Make Exercise a Habit
The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit.But by the third week of January，that all seems to go out the window.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何養成運動習慣提出建議。
Ⅳ.七選五
I’ve seen this happen almost every year：my workout(鍛煉) classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit，helping you stay healthier in the long run.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根據上文可知，人們很快就會忘記自己的鍛煉和健身目標，作者幾乎每年都目睹這一現象：作者的鍛煉課上滿是新面孔。G項“但僅僅幾周后，人數就會恢復到正常水平”承接上文，說明新年開始確實會有很多新人參加鍛煉，但他們很快又會消失。故選G項。
解析
Focus on the routine and not the results.
These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results，particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit.Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
本段小標題強調“關注過程，而不是結果”。上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results...”提出人們都想找到捷徑，尤其是提到健康和健身的時候，D項“但在現實中，結果需要時間才能顯現”與上文構成轉折關系，指出這一想法的不切實際，并照應小標題。故選D項。
解析
　3　
Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions.But realistically，if you’re not used to this，it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit.Given this，doing workouts even as small as 5－10 minutes is a good place to start.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
設空句是段首小標題。根據段落內容“每個人似乎都想設定一個大目標……但實際上，如果你不習慣這樣做，它只會讓你難以承受，最終導致你放棄。考慮到這一點，即使是5到10分鐘的小鍛煉也是一個很好的開始”可知，本段建議從小鍛煉開始，B項“從小型鍛煉開始”能概括本段主旨。故選B項。
解析
Forget the “all or nothing” view.
When it comes to exercise，the all or nothing approach does not serve you.Say you plan a workout for today，but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.
4 Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.Just remember your results are from your every effort，no matter how small.
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根據上文“Say you plan a workout for today...you miss your scheduled time.Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed.”可知，我們可能因為工作而錯過計劃好的鍛煉時間，但這并不意味著失敗。結合下文“Even if you miss your workout，that doesn’t mean you’ve given up.” 可知，即使你錯過了鍛煉，也不意味著你已經放棄了。A項“生活中總會發生意外”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A項。
解析
Find joy in your workouts.
Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun.Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. 5
A.Life happens sometimes.
B.Start with mini workouts.
C.Build yourself workout time-zone.
D.But in reality，it takes time for results to show.
E.There is something magical that makes your plan work.
F.A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment.
G.But after just a few weeks，they return to the regular number of people.
√
根據本段小標題和上文可知，本段講要在鍛煉中找到樂趣，鼓勵讀者找到有趣的鍛煉方式，F項“適合你的鍛煉會提升你的動力和樂趣”承接上文，呼應小標題。故選F項。
解析
(2025·四川成都高一上期中)
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen，who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1._________(sell) water，postcards and headdress flowers，have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了徐秀珍通過自學11種語言成為陽朔著名導游的故事。
Ⅴ.語法填空
selling
考查非謂語動詞。空處應用非謂語動詞和while構成時間狀語，sell和邏輯主語Xu Xiuzhen之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞，故填selling。
解析
Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill，a popular scenic spot 2._________(know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit.
考查非謂語動詞。句子已有謂語動詞“is located”，空處應用非謂語動詞，scenic spot與know之間為被動關系，需用過去分詞known作后置定語。故填known。
解析
known
3. (support) her family，Xu，who dropped out of junior school in the 4. (three) grade，began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers.
3.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處需用不定式to support作目的狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填To support。
4.考查序數詞。根據句意和空前“dropped out of junior school in the”可知，空處需用序數詞third修飾grade，表示“三年級”。故填third。
解析
To support
third
She has been working 5. a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998，when the area 6. (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours.
5.考查介詞。work as“以……(身份)工作”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。
6.考查動詞時態。空處在when引導的時間狀語從句中作謂語，根據“1998”可知，從句描述的是1998年的事情，時態需用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式形式。故填became。
解析
as
became
Over the past two decades，Xu 7. (teach) herself 11 foreign languages，including English，Spanish，Japanese，German，Hebrew，Korean and so on.
考查動詞時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語“Over the past two decades”可知，這里應該用現在完成時或現在完成進行時表示過去的動作對現在造成的影響或從過去開始一直持續到現在的動作，主語為單數，助動詞用has。故填has taught/has been teaching。
解析
has taught/has been teaching
In addition to making her very popular，her linguistic prowess(造詣) has made 8.____ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists.
考查代詞。根據句意可知，空處需用代詞it作形式賓語，真正的賓語為后面的動詞不定式to communicate with foreign tourists。故填it。
解析
it
As a result，Xu has also become one of the 9. (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo.Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day，especially foreign visitors,e to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration.
9.考查形容詞最高級。one of＋the＋形容詞最高級＋名詞復數“最……的……之一”，空處需用形容詞最高級busiest作定語，表示“最忙的”。故填busiest。
10.考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞visitors，指人，且從句中缺少主語，需用關系代詞who引導。故填who。
解析
返 回
busiest
who
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