資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．The meaning of Spring Festival.
B．Different attitudes towards Spring Festival.
C．All people like to celebrate Spring Festival.
D．Three people’s experiences and views about Spring Festival.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節(jié)
1．What’s the greatest excitement during Spring Festival according to Tom Jenkins
A．Sweeping up the house.
B．Putting Fu upside down.
C．Setting off fireworks.
D．Enjoying a good TV program.
答案　C
2．What does Spring Festival mean to Xu Gang
A．It means fireworks，sweets and decorations.
B．It means having tasty hotpot with friends.
C．It means being surrounded by hometown accent.
D．It means coming back home and having a family reunion.
答案　D
3．What does Li Yan think of Spring Festival
A．Spring Festival is the joy of a family gathering.
B．Spring Festival is the most important for them after they retired.
C．Spring Festival means that they can eat something special—jiaozi.
D．Spring Festival means that it’s a time for her to prepare as more dishes as she could.
答案　A
4．Where is the passage probably selected from
A．A website. B．A magazine.
C．A diary. D．A textbook.
答案　B
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
In China，Spring Festival is 1.highly(high) valued.People begin to prepare a week before the festival，cleaning their homes from top to bottom,2.which means sweeping away the dirt of the past year.Also，the Chinese character Fu is often put upside down，meaning 3.happiness(happy) arrives.
For people who work far away，they start planning their trips home early,4.booking(book) tickets ahead of time and buying gifts for their families.When they get home，it is great 5.to hear(hear) whatever happens to the people they know.
Weeks before the festival，parents start to think about what they need to buy and what dishes need to 6.be prepared(prepare)．Houses always buzz with 7.activities(activity) when everyone comes home.The 8.greatest(great) excitement begins when people sit together to enjoy a big dinner.They always have jiaozi，which is a sign of their wishes 9.for health and happiness in the coming year.However，what is the most important is not 10.what they eat but who they eat it with.To most Chinese，Spring Festival is the joy of a family gathering.
1．Here are three readers’ accounts(account) to our magazine，in which the readers shared their experiences and views about it.(P52)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，在主句中，here置于句首且主語是名詞，把謂語動詞提到了主語前邊，構(gòu)成全部倒裝，in which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
漢語翻譯：這是我們雜志的三位讀者的敘述，分享了他們關(guān)于春節(jié)的經(jīng)歷和看法。
2．Fireworks were being let off across the city，suddenly lighting up the night sky.(P52 Para.3)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是簡單句，lighting up the night sky為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。
漢語翻譯：煙花在城市上空燃放，瞬間照亮了夜空。
3．I usually start planning(plan) my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to be booked(book) as early as possible.(P53 Para.1)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，as 在此句中作連詞，意思是“因為”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；book在這兒作動詞，意為“預(yù)訂”。
漢語翻譯：我通常在春節(jié)前幾周就開始計劃回山西的行程，因為必須盡早預(yù)訂火車票或機票。
4．I don’t get to travel back to Shanxi very often，so when I get home，my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening—who has got married or had children or gone away to university.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是并列復(fù)合句，so為并列連詞，連接并列句。在后面的句中，when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，what’s been happening為賓語從句，who引導(dǎo)從句作同位語。
漢語翻譯：我不經(jīng)?；厣轿鳎虼嗣磕昊氐郊?，我父母會把這一年發(fā)生的事一股腦兒地告訴我——誰結(jié)婚了，誰有小孩了，誰上大學(xué)了，等等。
5．As I get older，coming home and being with my entire family is the most important(important) part of it.(P53 Para.3)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，句中As引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；coming home and being with my entire family為動名詞短語作主語。
漢語翻譯：隨著年齡的增長，回家和全家人團聚則成了春節(jié)最重要的一部分。
6．We think about what the children would like to eat(eat)，what we need to buy and what dishes(dish) need to be prepared.(P53 Para.1)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句；about后跟三個what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
漢語翻譯：我們琢磨孩子們喜歡吃什么，我們需要買什么，需要準備什么菜。
7．Our grandchildren run around shouting and playing，and the adults gather around the table to talk about the past year.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是并列句；第一個分句中的shouting and playing是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語；第二個分句中的to talk about the past year是不定式作目的狀語。
漢語翻譯：我們的孫輩一邊跑一邊喊，一邊玩，大人們圍在桌子旁談?wù)撨^去的一年。
8．We always have jiaozi during this time，as they mean something special on this occasion—they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。 they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year在句中充當(dāng)同位語。
漢語翻譯： 在這段時間里，我們通常吃餃子，因為它在這個場合有一些特殊的意義——它是我們期望來年健康和幸福的標志。
account n．描述，報道；(銀行)賬戶；賬目；解釋 vt.認為是；解釋，說明 (accountant n．會計)
take...into account/consideration把……考慮在內(nèi)
on account of由于
on no account決不(位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝)
open/close a bank account開立/注銷銀行賬戶
account for解釋；說明；(數(shù)量、比例上)占；對……負有責(zé)任
(1)It was her failure in the gymnastics match that accounted for her unhappiness.
(2)On account of our joint efforts，the environment has been greatly improved in the past ten years.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)你決不能放棄參加比賽。
On no account should you give up participating in the match.
(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)如果您能考慮我的建議，我將不勝感激。
I would be grateful if you could take my tips/advice into account/consideration.
attach vt.貼；固定；附上；使附屬；使依戀；認為有(重要性、意義、價值等)(attached adj.附加的；喜愛的)
attach...to...把……附在……上
attach importance/significance to...認為……有重要性/意義；重視
be attached to...附屬于……；喜愛……
(1)The boy is now studying in the middle school attached(attach) to Peking University.
(2)As is required，you should attach a recent photo to your application form.
(3)To be frank，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming(become) wealthy and famous.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(環(huán)境保護倡議書)是政府應(yīng)該高度重視節(jié)能和環(huán)境保護的時候了。
It is high time that the government should attach great importance to energy saving and environmental protection.
surround vt.環(huán)繞，圍繞(surrounding adj.周圍的surroundings n．環(huán)境)
surround...with...使……包圍……
be surrounded by/with...被……包圍/環(huán)繞
(1)Surrounding yourself with people who are optimistic can be of benefit to you.
(2)Honestly，it took me a few weeks to adapt to the new surroundings(surround)．
[寫作佳句]
(3)(推薦旅游城市)三面環(huán)海，青島被認為是中國最適宜居住的城市之一。
Surrounded by the sea on three sides，Qingdao is considered to be one of the most livable cities in China.
scare vt.使(某人)驚恐；嚇唬 (scared adj.恐懼的；驚恐的 scary adj.恐怖的；嚇人的)
scare sb into doing sth恐嚇某人做某事
scare...away/off把……嚇跑
be scared to death嚇得要死
be scared to do sth/of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
(1)He was scared to death when seeing such a scary(scare) scene in the distance.
(2)He is so confident that he isn’t scared of any tough problems no matter what happens.
(3)You can’t scare me into telling you the secret because I ought to keep my promise.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作鏈描寫)我抓住一塊石頭，把它瞄準狼，試圖把狼嚇走。
I seized a stone and aimed it at the wolf，attempting to scare the wolf away/off.
put up張貼；建造；提供膳宿；舉起
put aside擱置；儲存
put away將……收起；把……放回原處
put down放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put forward提出；將……提前
put out撲滅；出版
put off推遲
put up with容忍，忍受
(1)選詞填空
According to the notice ①put up on the wall，a group discussion will be held for students to ②put forward suggestions on how to improve our study，such as how to ③put down notes in class，how to ④put away bad moods when studying as well as how to ⑤put up with study stress.If the discussion is ⑥put off for some reason，students will be informed in advance.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之活動報道)做完所有的工作后，我們豎起了一個布告牌提醒人們保護野生動植物。
After getting all the work done，we put up a board reminding people to protect the wildlife.
(3)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)為了練好發(fā)音，我建議你每天留出10分鐘的時間跟著聽力材料朗讀。
To pronounce well，I suggest that you(should) put aside 10 minutes to read after the listening material every day.
the moment 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句
Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.(P53 Para.2)
每年，一坐上火車，我就會被山西方言包圍——我意識到我踏上了回家的路。
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，the moment作連詞，意思是“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
————————————————————————————————————————
句中的the moment為連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。
表示“一……就……”的形式還有：
①the minute/second/instant(連詞)
②immediately/directly/instantly(連詞)
③as soon as(連詞)
④on/upon＋n./doing...
⑤hardly...when...；no sooner...than...
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)她一出現(xiàn)在門口就被她的粉絲們圍住了。(the＋名詞)
She was surrounded by her fans the moment/minute/second/instant she appeared at the gate.
(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)我一看到父親陰云密布的臉，就感到恐慌。
The moment I saw my father’s cloudy face，a sense of panic seized me.
(3)聽說你要來中國參觀，我想給你一些建議。(on/upon)
On/upon hearing that you intend to pay a visit to China，I would like to give you some advice.
(4)他一到達北京就跟他的朋友們聯(lián)系了。(部分倒裝)
Hardly/No sooner had he arrived in Beijing when/than he contacted his friends.
閱讀以下短文，感知黑體部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
①The boy almost cried his heart out when learning that his favorite toy car had been lost.②His father comforted him，saying that it would be found in time.He wiped away tears on his face，saying，“③It will be found with your help.” So they searched the house thoroughly.④The bookshelf was moved and under the bed was swept, but nothing was found.The boy became discouraged，complaining, “⑤Almost every place has been searched，⑥but my toy car isn’t found.” ⑦It was at that moment that he found his toy car was hidden in his schoolbag.
以上句子中都使用了被動語態(tài)，句①為過去完成時的被動語態(tài)；句②為過去將來時的被動語態(tài)；句③為一般將來時的被動語態(tài)；句④⑦為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；句⑤為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)；句⑥為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。
被動語態(tài)
一、被動語態(tài)的概述
語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，它表示句子的主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。
◆主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。如：
They prohibit smoking in public areas.
謂語prohibit的動作是由主語they發(fā)出的，即they是prohibit這個動作的執(zhí)行者。
◆被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。如：
Smoking is prohibited by them in public areas.
主語smoking是prohibit這個動作的承受者。
二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be本身無詞義，但有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。
時態(tài) 構(gòu)成形式
一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are＋done
一般過去時 was/were＋done
一般將來時 be going to/will/shall＋be done
過去將來時 would/should＋be done
現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are＋being done
過去進行時 was/were＋being done
現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has＋been done
過去完成時 had＋been done
含情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞＋be done
The boy is often heard to play the piano.
人們經(jīng)常聽到這個男孩彈鋼琴。
The athlete was seen to enter the gym just now.
剛才有人看見這位運動員進了體育館。
A new apartment will be built by us next year.
明年我們要建一棟新公寓。
The news would be sent to the volunteer’s mother the moment it arrived.
消息一到就會被送到那位志愿者的母親那里。
The problem is being discussed at the meeting at the moment.
目前，會議上正在討論這個問題。
An informal boxing match was being held when I arrived there.
我到那兒時，一場非正式的拳擊比賽正在進行。
People’s living quality has been greatly improved in the past ten years.
在過去的十年里，人們的生活質(zhì)量得到了極大的提高。
By the end of last year，another company had been completed.
到去年年底為止，另一家公司已經(jīng)建成了。
The new teaching equipment must be sent to the rural school in no time.
這些新的教學(xué)設(shè)備必須馬上送到那所鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校。
三、在下列情況下使用被動語態(tài)
1．不知道或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。
The charity organisation was built ten years ago.這個慈善組織是十年前成立的。
2．強調(diào)動作的承受者。
Your plan is considered to be practical.
你的計劃被認為是實用的。
3．在書面語中，特別是在科技報告和新聞報道中，被動語態(tài)比主動語態(tài)更正式。
The International Space Station has been built in the Earth’s orbit.
國際空間站已經(jīng)在地球軌道上建成了。
4．習(xí)慣用法的需要。這類詞常見的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。
You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.
你只有全身心地投入工作才能取得成功。
四、使用被動語態(tài)的注意問題
1．以主動形式表被動意義的動詞
(1)表示狀態(tài)特征的系動詞，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove等，不用于被動語態(tài)，其后接形容詞或名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被動含義。
He looks strong and energetic after going jogging regularly.
進行有規(guī)律的慢跑之后，他看起來很強壯并且充滿活力。
The problem proves tough and is difficult to deal with.
這個問題被證明很棘手，并且很難處理。
(2)表示主語的內(nèi)在特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的動詞，如drive，lock，sell，read，wash，dry等，常用主動形式表示被動意義。這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有一個修飾語。
You can depend on it that this kind of cloth washes well.你可以相信這種布料很好洗。
To our disappointment，the engine won’t start.
讓我們失望的是，引擎發(fā)動不起來。
(3)不定式作定語，與前面被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，且不定式的邏輯主語為主句的主語時，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。
Attention，please.I have something important to say.
請注意，我有重要的事情要說。
(4)不定式修飾作表語和賓語補足語的形容詞時，如difficult，easy，comfortable，hard，convenient，cheap，expensive等，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。
We find the guy is difficult to get along with.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個家伙很難相處。
Our apartment is comfortable to live in.
我們的公寓住起來很舒服。
(5)need，want，require，deserve等作謂語，其主語為物時，動詞后的動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義。
The plan required discussing on schedule at the meeting.
＝The plan required to be discussed on schedule at the meeting.
這項計劃需要在會上按時討論。
(6)表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，run，move等。
The gym opens at 8 am and closes at 10 pm every day.
這家健身房每天上午八點開門，晚上十點關(guān)門。
2．不用被動語態(tài)的情況
不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語無被動語態(tài)，常見的有appear，disappear，die，rise，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，spread，stand，break out，come true，belong to，lose heart，take place，run out，come up等。
Owing to the heavy snow，the price of vegetables has risen recently.
由于這場大雪，最近蔬菜的價格上漲了。
To our satisfaction，our dream came true at last.令我們滿意的是，我們的夢想最終實現(xiàn)了。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．The garden doesn’t need watering/to be watered (water) because it rained last night.
2．On the way home yesterday，they were stopped(stop) by a policeman.
3．Great changes have taken(take) place in China in the past twenty years.
4．The new toy which is popular with teenage boys sells(sell) very well.
5．It is reported that a space station will be built (build) on the Moon in the near future.
6．They were told that the interview result would be announced(announce) the next week.
7．The water felt(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for my regular morning exercise.
8．I have no time to go with you because our new house is being decorated(decorate) now.
9．Five new buildings had been built(build) by the end of last year.
10．The math question was too difficult to understand(understand) for junior high school students.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．上周日我們學(xué)校舉行了五公里賽跑。
The 5-kilometre race was held by our school last Sunday.
2．繼續(xù)努力，你的夢想遲早會實現(xiàn)的。
Keep working hard and your dream will come true sooner or later.
3．他回到學(xué)校時作業(yè)還沒做完。
His homework hadn’t been finished when he came back to school.
4．如果您的訂單準備好了，T恤衫會盡快送到您的手中。
If your order is ready，the T-shirt will be delivered to you as soon as possible.
5．在會上要做的這個決定將會影響我們公司的未來。
The decision to be made at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
Ⅲ.用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式完成以下語段
Air pollution is becoming more and more serious.One of the major causes is car use.Cars 1.are used(use) for even the shortest journeys.Industry is another major cause，but fortunately，new industrial sites 2.are being built(build) away from city centers now.It 3.is said(say) that one of the most serious problems that need to 4.be dealt(deal) with is the use of cars.In some cities，laws 5.have been passed(pass) concerning car use.For example，cars in some cities 6.are allowed(allow) only on some certain days.As far as I am concerned，it is a good idea.With the laws，public transport 7.will be used(use) more in the future and the pollution 8.will be reduced(reduce)．
訓(xùn)練2　Lesson 1
[分值：74.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共8小題；每小題1.5分，滿分12分)
1．The naughty boy let off the balloon and his baby sister was scared to cry.
2．Faced with the wolf，the hunter raised his gun so as to scare it away.
3．You are expected to finish(finish) the task before May 1st，so time is limited now.
4．I enjoy walking in the park，because I find the surroundings(surround) peaceful.
5．On no account should you be allowed(allow) to speak to your parents in such a rude way.
6．She picked a large bunch of flowers as decoration(decorate) on the special occasion.
7.The retired(retire) expert has been living in the rural area since he left from his position.
8．The painting is an original(origin) work of art，created entirely from the artist’s imagination.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)(滿分15分)
1．在中國，人們非常重視春節(jié)。(attach significance to)
People in China attach great significance to Spring Festival.
2．春節(jié)前人們會購買年貨，用大紅燈籠裝飾房子。(decorate)
Before Spring Festival，people will do Spring Festival shopping and decorate their houses with big red lanterns.
3．除夕晚上，時鐘一敲響十二點，人們就開始燃放煙花。(the moment)
On Chinese New Year’s Eve，people will let off fireworks the moment the clock strikes 12.
4．據(jù)說，燃放鞭炮可以嚇跑“年”獸。(It is said that...)
It is said that letting off firecrackers can scare away the monster Nian.
5．人們會圍坐在一起，享受豐盛的晚餐，送上新年祝福。(現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語)
People would sit together，enjoying a big dinner and wishing everyone a happy new year.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯(lián)想內(nèi)容組成一篇小短文。
參考范文
People in China attach great significance to Spring Festival.Before Spring Festival，people will do Spring Festival shopping and decorate their houses with big red lanterns.On Chinese New Year’s Eve，people will let off fireworks the moment the clock strikes 12.It is said that letting off firecrackers can scare away the monster Nian.
Then，people would sit together，enjoying a big dinner and wishing everyone a happy new year.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·江蘇常州高一上期中)
Once I read about a country where if you go to a house and praise some small things，the owners feel it a must to offer it to you as a gift.I don’t remember the name of the country；the only other place I know of with such a custom is my mother’s home.
Knowing Mama，I have always been careful with my praise，but that doesn’t stop her.She can always sense admiration beyond words.“I was just staring at that photo of Mount Hood because I have a similar one in my bedroom.” Mama would nod，“Of course.You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set.If a mother doesn’t understand，who does？”
Recently I have been worrying for weeks about a Mother’s Day gift for Mama，as there is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will quickly come back to the giver.If I buy her something wearable，she immediately finds it fits me perfectly.If I give her a plant，she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water.If I give her some food，she wants me to stay for lunch and eat it.
My wise Papa long ago stopped trying to shop for her.Instead，on every important occasion he writes a short poem in which he tells of their meeting，wedding，and later marriage life.After nearly 30 years of poems，Papa sometimes worries that his poetic inspiration has dried up，but Mama doesn’t complain.She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says，“It doesn’t have to rhyme(押韻) as long as it’s from the heart.”
This year，finally，I think I，too，have found a painless gift for Mama.I am going to give her a magazine article，unrhymed but from the heart，in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy，find，or make her that would be half good enough anyway.
1．Why does the author mention the country in paragraph 1
A．To explain a rule. B．To lead in the topic.
C．To present a fact. D．To prove her point.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者在第一段通過一個將被贊揚的物品當(dāng)成禮物贈送的國家習(xí)俗來引出自己母親也有類似的習(xí)慣，從而自然過渡到文章的主題——給母親送禮物的故事。因此，這里的目的是引出文章主題。故選B。
2．Why is the author always careful with her praise
A．She doesn’t like any small things.
B．Mama will be too proud of herself.
C．She doesn’t want Mama to know real her.
D．Mama will give her whatever she praises.
答案　D
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和第二段中“ She can always sense admiration beyond words.”以及“‘I was just staring at that photo of Mount Hood...’．..‘Of course.You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set...’”可知，作者知道如果她對某樣?xùn)|西表示贊美，母親很可能會將它作為禮物送給她。因此，為了避免這種情況，她總是對贊美很謹慎。故選D。
3．What makes it difficult to buy a gift for Mama
A．Mama’s refusal of any gifts.
B．Mama’s misunderstanding of givers.
C．Mama’s attitude to festivals.
D．Mama’s practice of giving back.
答案　D
解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Recently...as there is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will quickly come back to the giver...”可知，作者擔(dān)心給母親的禮物會很快回到送禮人手中，因為母親總是以各種方式回饋禮物，這導(dǎo)致給媽媽買禮物很困難。故選D。
4．What does the author imply in the last two paragraphs
A．Mama values sincere love over gift itself.
B．Poems and articles are Mama’s favorite gifts.
C．Papa writes poems as gifts to save money.
D．Papa and I could never find a good enough gift for Mama.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“...but Mama doesn’t complain.”和“It doesn’t have to rhyme(押韻) as long as it’s from the heart.”及最后一段“This year，finally，I think I，too，have found a painless gift for Mama.I am going to give her a magazine article，unrhymed but from the heart...”可知，作者提到父親寫詩作為禮物，母親只在乎它是否發(fā)自內(nèi)心，作者也決定給母親一篇不押韻但發(fā)自內(nèi)心的雜志文章作為禮物，這暗示母親更看重的是真誠的愛而非禮物本身。故選A。
B
(2025·河南鄭州高一上期末)
February is coming，and with it comes the review of those New Year’s resolutions(決定) that were so eagerly made just a few weeks ago.It’s thought that about a quarter of us make New Year’s resolutions every January，but evidence varies around how many of us actually manage to stick to them.In one set of data(數(shù)據(jù))，from the quarter of us who make New Year’s resolutions，about 35% report sticking to all of their goals，while 50% manage some of them.But what about those remaining people who fall short，and don’t carry out their resolutions
If that’s you，you’re not alone.In 2023，a separate piece of research carried out at Edith Cowan University，Australia，found that two-thirds of people surveyed gave up on their New Year’s resolutions in the first month of the year.But all is not lost，so don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t stick to your resolutions.It is not too late if you want to start up your resolutions again as we move into February.
The words we choose and the approaches we take when creating our resolutions can have a significant impact on our success.Research carried out in 2023 at Stockholm University，Sweden，found that so-called “approach goals” were much more effective than “avoidance goals”．Approach goals，like “I will exercise three times a week to stay healthy and fit”，include achieving or keeping a good result.Avoidance goals，such as “I’ll stop eating chocolate and sweets”，try to avoid a bad result.In addition，make your resolutions specific and measurable.Goals such as “I want to get fit” are too unclear to achieve or keep up with.
So look at how you presented your resolutions and have a think about how you go about acting on them—it may not be too late to try them again.How about trying for February
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章指出多數(shù)人難以堅持新年決心，介紹了制定有效新年決心的方法，并鼓勵人們在二月重新嘗試。
5．What can replace the underlined part “fall short” in paragraph 1
A．Care nothing. B．Lose heart.
C．Fail to achieve. D．Keep trying.
答案　C
解析　詞義猜測題。從上文“about 35% report sticking to all of their goals，while 50% manage some of them”以及畫線詞所在句“但是，那些剩下的……的人和沒有執(zhí)行決心的人呢？”可知，“fall short”描述的是那些沒有達成自己新年目標的人。C選項 Fail to achieve意思是“未能達成”，與畫線部分意思相符。故選C項。
6．What did the 2023 Australian research show
A．New Year’s resolutions were useless.
B．New Year’s resolutions varied from year to year.
C．People took their New Year’s resolutions lightly.
D．Most people didn’t keep their New Year’s resolutions.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“In 2023，a separate piece of research...found that two-thirds of people surveyed gave up on their New Year’s resolutions in the first month of the year.”可知，2023年澳大利亞的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，三分之二的受訪者在新年的第一個月就放棄了他們的新年決心。因此大多數(shù)人沒有堅持住自己的新年決心。故選D項。
7．Which of the following resolutions is achievable
A．I’ll read a book a month.
B．I’ll quit drinking.
C．I’ll stop using social media.
D．I’ll not stay up for ever.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“...so-called ‘a(chǎn)pproach goals’ were much more effective...include achieving or keeping a good result.”和“In addition，make your resolutions specific and measurable.”可知，包含達成好的結(jié)果、具體且可衡量的目標更有效。A選項明確規(guī)定了每個月讀一本書，是在追求好的結(jié)果，時間和任務(wù)都很具體，具有可衡量性，符合可實現(xiàn)的要求。故選A項。
8．What is a suitable title for this text
A．A New February
B．Never Too Late to Start Over
C．Say No to New Year’s Resolutions
D．New Year’s Resolutions，Same You
答案　D
解析　標題歸納題。文章開篇指出二月來臨，人們會回顧幾周前急切立下的新年決心，接著用數(shù)據(jù)表明多數(shù)人難以堅持。隨后提到即便沒堅持也不必自責(zé)，二月重新開始也為時未晚，還介紹了制定有效新年決心的方法并鼓勵再次嘗試。D項“新年決心，你依舊如故？”與主旨相契合，適合作為標題。故選D項。
Ⅳ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
As the end of the year comes，for many people，so do the holiday blues.This traditionally joyful and restful time of year can somehow produce the perfect storm of stress that can leave us feeling sad，disconnected and alone. 1
Many people do not feel part of the traditions.Those experiencing cold relationships with family members may struggle with the loss of connection and a strong sense of sadness during the holiday season. 2 And there are still people struggling with painful memories from their childhood.
Many people feel overburdened by expectations owing to endless media holiday advertisements.The over-commercialization(過度商業(yè)化) and consumerism of the holidays leave many people feeling hard to meet unrealistic expectations of luxurious(奢侈的) gift-giving and big family dinner. 3 Many people find themselves going into debt to meet unrealistic expectations.
4 If you struggle at this time of the year，consider meeting the holiday season in a new and positive way.Set the intention to enjoy yourself and those you love in a way that suits who you are right now，like planning a special outing or getting together with friends.
Realize that you can define how you spend your time.You can start by being kind to yourself，as well as to others. 5 Feeling needed is a good way to lessen personal blues.If you celebrate the holidays，set reasonable limits on your spending and manage your time and efforts wisely.If you feel exhausted by nonstop social commitments，politely decline an invitation or two.
A．Create a novel tradition.
B．Reach out to a lonely friend.
C．Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D．Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E．Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F．Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G．Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow deepened.
1．答案　F
解析　由上文可知，許多人有節(jié)日憂郁癥。推知這里主要介紹節(jié)日憂郁癥的癥狀，而F項“了解這些問題的原因和解決方法始終是關(guān)鍵”符合語境，其中them指代上文the holiday blues，且the reasons and ways與下文對應(yīng)，本句承上啟下。故選F項。
2．答案　G
解析　由上下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要分析一些人沒有融入傳統(tǒng)而得節(jié)日憂郁癥，空前后兩句都是在舉例說明，而G項“一些為失去親人而哭泣的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的悲傷加劇了”符合語境，和上下句為并列關(guān)系，也是舉例說明這種無法融入傳統(tǒng)而憂郁的現(xiàn)象。故選G項。
3．答案　C
解析　由本段上文可知，節(jié)日的過度商業(yè)化和消費主義讓許多人感到難以滿足奢侈送禮和大家庭晚餐的不切實際的期望，C項“尤其是女性，深受其苦”進一步說明這種情況對特定人群的影響，其中it代指上文的情況。故選C項。
4．答案　D
解析　設(shè)空處為本段主題句，根據(jù)上文可知，文章第二段和第三段在分析節(jié)日憂郁癥的原因，而本段后文在講治愈該癥狀的方法，D項“以下是一些提升情緒的策略”對本段有總括作用，符合語境。故選D項。
5．答案　B
解析　上文“You can start by being kind to yourself，as well as to others.”提出要善待自己和他人，下文“Feeling needed is a good way to lessen personal blues.”說明被需要是減少個人憂郁的好方法，而B項“主動幫助一個孤獨的朋友”是一種善待他人的行為，符合語境，其中a lonely friend與上文others對應(yīng)，lonely與下文feeling needed對應(yīng)，本句承上啟下。故選B項。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
Chung Yeung—also 1. (call)Chongyang—is an important public holiday in China and countries with people of Chinese heritage(血統(tǒng))．
Chung Yeung is an annual event 2. can date back to the Eastern Han Dynasty.The day itself—the ninth day of the lunar September—is considered a certain day of bad luck and possible danger in Chinese culture.
It’s said to be the day when a man named Heng Jing，whose parents had been killed by a devil(魔鬼)，was warned that 3. devil would reappear to strike his whole village with a disease.The villagers each escaped with a piece of dogwood leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum(菊花) wine.When the devil appeared in the empty village，he 4. (attract) by the smells of dogwood and chrysanthemum，and Heng Jing 5. (brave) defeated the devil in a sword fight.
6． a celebration of overcoming danger and honoring ancestors，Chung Yeung has become an occasion for 7. (climb) mountains，hiking hills and appreciating the chrysanthemum.The largest Double Ninth Festivals are in Asia,8. the holiday is celebrated around the world.
In 1989，the Chinese government announced that the day would be a time 9. (honor) elders.In China，families hike together to their ancestors’ mountaintop graves.One of Wang Wei’s 10. (poem) is often read at Chung Yeung celebrations.
1．答案　called
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，Chung Yeung與call為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)填過去分詞形式，作后置定語。故填called。
2．答案　which/that
解析　考查定語從句。分析句子可知，這里考查限制性定語從句，先行詞an annual event指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或者which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。
3．答案　the
解析　考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處特指上文出現(xiàn)的devil，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。
4．答案　was attracted
解析　考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，這里考查謂語動詞，he與attract為被動關(guān)系，且由前后文可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞使用was。故填was attracted。
5．答案　bravely
解析　考查副詞。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填副詞bravely，作狀語，修飾后面動詞。故填bravely。
6．答案　As
解析　考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“作為”應(yīng)用介詞as，且位于句首時，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填A(yù)s。
7．答案　climbing
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，介詞for后面應(yīng)填動名詞，作賓語。故填climbing。
8．答案　but/yet
解析　考查連詞。分析句子可知，此空前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but/yet。故填but/yet。
9．答案　to honor
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，且由句意可知，此空應(yīng)填不定式作后置定語，修飾前面名詞。故填to honor。
10．答案　poems
解析　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子可知，One of后應(yīng)加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填poems。(共111張PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Lesson 1
CELEBRATIONS
UNIT 3
內(nèi)容索引
Part 1　課文深度理解
Part 2　長句難句分析
Part 3　語言知識梳理
Part 4　語法項目精講
訓(xùn)練2
課文深度理解
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.The meaning of Spring Festival.
B.Different attitudes towards Spring Festival.
C.All people like to celebrate Spring Festival.
D.Three people’s experiences and views about Spring Festival.
Step 1　速讀——整體理解文意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
host family
sweep away
upside down
scare away
tickets
gifts
accents
getting ready for
preparing dishes
having jiaozi
1.What’s the greatest excitement during Spring Festival according to Tom Jenkins
A.Sweeping up the house.
B.Putting Fu upside down.
C.Setting off fireworks.
D.Enjoying a good TV program.
√
Step 2　細讀——深度獲取細節(jié)
2.What does Spring Festival mean to Xu Gang
A.It means fireworks，sweets and decorations.
B.It means having tasty hotpot with friends.
C.It means being surrounded by hometown accent.
D.It means coming back home and having a family reunion.
√
3.What does Li Yan think of Spring Festival
A.Spring Festival is the joy of a family gathering.
B.Spring Festival is the most important for them after they retired.
C.Spring Festival means that they can eat something special—jiaozi.
D.Spring Festival means that it’s a time for her to prepare as more dishes
　as she could.
√
4.Where is the passage probably selected from
A.A website. B.A magazine.
C.A diary. D.A textbook.
√
In China，Spring Festival is 1. (high) valued.People begin to prepare a week before the festival，cleaning their homes from top to bottom,2. means sweeping away the dirt of the past year.Also，the Chinese character Fu is often put upside down，meaning 3.____________
(happy) arrives.
For people who work far away，they start planning their trips home early,4. (book) tickets ahead of time and buying gifts for their families.When they get home，it is great 5. (hear) whatever happens to the people they know.
Step 3　讀后——課文語法填空
highly
which
happiness
booking
to hear
Weeks before the festival，parents start to think about what they need to buy and what dishes need to 6. (prepare).Houses always buzz with 7. (activity) when everyone comes home.The 8._________(great) excitement begins when people sit together to enjoy a big dinner.They always have jiaozi，which is a sign of their wishes 9.____ health and happiness in the coming year.However，what is the most important is not 10. they eat but who they eat it with.To most Chinese，Spring Festival is the joy of a family gathering.
返 回
be prepared
activities
greatest
for
what
長句難句分析
1.Here are three readers’ (account) to our magazine，in which the readers shared their experiences and views it.(P52)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句，在主句中，here置于句首且主語是名詞，把謂語動詞提到了主語前邊，構(gòu)成　　　　　，in which引導(dǎo)________
________從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
accounts
about
復(fù)合
全部倒裝
非限制
性定語
這是我們雜志的三位讀者的敘述，分享了他們關(guān)于春節(jié)的經(jīng)歷和看法。
2.Fireworks were being let across the city，suddenly lighting up the night sky.(P52 Para.3)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句，lighting up the night sky為______________
作狀語。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
煙花在城市上空燃放，瞬間照亮了夜空。
off
簡單
現(xiàn)在分詞短語
3.I usually start (plan) my trip home to Shanxi weeks _______ Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to (book) as early as possible.(P53 Para.1)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句，as 在此句中作連詞，意思是“　　　”，引導(dǎo)　　　　　從句；book在這兒作動詞，意為“　　　”。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
planning
before
be booked
復(fù)合
因為
原因狀語
預(yù)訂
我通常在春節(jié)前幾周就開始計劃回山西的行程，因為必須盡早預(yù)訂火車票或機票。
4.I don’t get to travel back 　　 Shanxi very often，so when I get home，my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening—who has got married or had children or gone away university.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　　　句，so為并列連詞，連接并列句。在后面的句中，when引導(dǎo)　　　　　從句，what’s been happening為　　　從句，who引導(dǎo)從句作　　　語。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
to
to
并列復(fù)合
時間狀語
賓語
同位
我不經(jīng)常回山西，因此每年回到家，我父母會把這一年發(fā)生的事一股腦兒地告訴我——誰結(jié)婚了，誰有小孩了，誰上大學(xué)了，等等。
5.As I get older，coming home and being with my entire family is ______
_________________(important) part of it.(P53 Para.3)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句，句中As引導(dǎo)　　　　　從句；coming home and being with my entire family為動名詞短語作　　　。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
the
most important
復(fù)合
時間狀語
主語
隨著年齡的增長，回家和全家人團聚則成了春節(jié)最重要的一部分。
6.We think about what the children would like (eat)，what we need to buy and what (dish) need to be prepared.(P53 Para.1)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句；about后跟三個what引導(dǎo)的　　　從句。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
to eat
dishes
復(fù)合
賓語
我們琢磨孩子們喜歡吃什么，我們需要買什么，需要準備什么菜。
7.Our grandchildren run 　　　　　 shouting and playing，and the adults gather around the table to talk about the past year.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句；第一個分句中的shouting and playing是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作　　　　??；第二個分句中的to talk about the past year是不定式作　　　　　。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
around
并列
伴隨狀語
目的狀語
我們的孫輩一邊跑一邊喊，一邊玩，大人們圍在桌子旁談?wù)撨^去的一年。
8.We always have jiaozi during this time，as they mean something special ____ this occasion—they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year.(P53 Para.2)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是　　　句，as 引導(dǎo)　　　　從句。 they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year在句中充當(dāng)　　語。
漢語翻譯：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
on
復(fù)合
原因狀語
同位
在這段時間里，我們通常吃餃子，因為它在這個場合有一些特殊的意義——它是我們期望來年健康和幸福的標志。
語言知識梳理
n.描述，報道；(銀行)賬戶；賬目；解釋 vt.認為是；解釋，說明 (accountant n.會計)
1
account
·take...into account/consideration把……考慮在內(nèi)
　on account of由于
　on no account決不(位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝)
　open/close a bank account開立/注銷銀行賬戶
·account for解釋；說明；(數(shù)量、比例上)占；對……負有責(zé)任
(1)It was her failure in the gymnastics match that accounted _____ her unhappiness.
(2)On account our joint efforts，the environment has been greatly improved in the past ten years.
for
of
(3)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)你決不能放棄參加比賽。
_______________________________ participating in the match.
(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)如果您能考慮我的建議，我將不勝感激。
I would be grateful if you could ___________________________
____________________.
寫作佳句
On no account should you give up
take my tips/advice into
account/consideration
vt.貼；固定；附上；使附屬；使依戀；認為有(重要性、意義、價值等)(attached adj.附加的；喜愛的)
2
attach
·attach...to...把……附在……上
　attach importance/significance to...認為……有重要性/意義；重視
·be attached to...附屬于……；喜愛……
(1)The boy is now studying in the middle school (attach) to Peking University.
(2)As is required，you should attach a recent photo your application form.
attached
to
(3)To be frank，a lot of people attach great importance to ___________
(become) wealthy and famous.
becoming
(4)(環(huán)境保護倡議書)是政府應(yīng)該高度重視節(jié)能和環(huán)境保護的時候了。
It is high time that the government should __________________
_____________________________________________________.
寫作佳句
attach great
importance to energy saving and environmental protection
vt.環(huán)繞，圍繞(surrounding adj.周圍的surroundings n.環(huán)境)
3
surround
·surround...with...使……包圍……
·be surrounded by/with...被……包圍/環(huán)繞
(1)Surrounding yourself people who are optimistic can be of benefit to you.
(2)Honestly，it took me a few weeks to adapt to the new ______________
(surround).
with
surroundings
(3)(推薦旅游城市)三面環(huán)海，青島被認為是中國最適宜居住的城市之一。
__________________________________，Qingdao is considered to be one of the most livable cities in China.
寫作佳句
Surrounded by the sea on three sides
vt.使(某人)驚恐；嚇唬 (scared adj.恐懼的；驚恐的 scary adj.恐怖的；嚇人的)
4
scare
·scare sb into doing sth恐嚇某人做某事
　scare...away/off把……嚇跑
·be scared to death嚇得要死
　be scared to do sth/of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
(1)He was scared to death when seeing such a (scare) scene in the distance.
scary
(2)He is so confident that he isn’t scared any tough problems no matter what happens.
(3)You can’t scare me telling you the secret because I ought to keep my promise.
of
into
(4)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作鏈描寫)我抓住一塊石頭，把它瞄準狼，試圖把狼嚇走。
I seized a stone and aimed it at the wolf，attempting to _______
_________________.
寫作佳句
scare
the wolf away/off
張貼；建造；提供膳宿；舉起
5
put up
put aside擱置；儲存
put away將……收起；把……放回原處
put down放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put forward提出；將……提前
put out撲滅；出版
put off推遲
put up with容忍，忍受
(1)選詞填空
According to the notice ① on the wall，a group discussion will be held for students to ② suggestions on how to improve our study，such as how to ③ notes in class，how to ④ bad moods when studying as well as how to ⑤___________ study stress.If the discussion is ⑥ for some reason，students will be informed in advance.
put up
put forward
put down
put away
put up with
put off
(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之活動報道)做完所有的工作后，我們豎起了一個布告牌提醒人們保護野生動植物。
After getting all the work done， reminding people to protect the wildlife.
(3)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)為了練好發(fā)音，我建議你每天留出10分鐘的時間跟著聽力材料朗讀。
To pronounce well，I suggest that _________________________
___________ to read after the listening material every day.
寫作佳句
we put up a board
you(should) put aside
10 minutes
6
the moment 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句
Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.(P53 Para.2)
每年，一坐上火車，我就會被山西方言包圍——我意識到我踏上了回家的路。
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，the moment作連詞，意思是“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
·句中的the moment為連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。
·表示“一……就……”的形式還有：
?、賢he minute/second/instant(連詞)
?、趇mmediately/directly/instantly(連詞)
?、踑s soon as(連詞)
　④on/upon＋n./doing...
　⑤hardly...when...；no sooner...than...
(1)她一出現(xiàn)在門口就被她的粉絲們圍住了。(the＋名詞)
She was surrounded by her fans __________________________________
____________________.
(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)我一看到父親陰云密布的臉，就感到恐慌。
_______________________________________，a sense of panic seized me.
(3)聽說你要來中國參觀，我想給你一些建議。(on/upon)
__________________________________________________，I would like to give you some advice.
the moment/minute/second/instant she
appeared at the gate
The moment I saw my father’s cloudy face
On/upon hearing that you intend to pay a visit to China
(4)他一到達北京就跟他的朋友們聯(lián)系了。(部分倒裝)
___________________________________________________ he contacted his friends.
返 回
Hardly/No sooner had he arrived in Beijing when/than
語法項目精講
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
①The boy almost cried his heart out when learning that his favorite toy car had been lost.②His father comforted him，saying that it would be found in time.He wiped away tears on his face，saying，“③It will be found with your help.” So they searched the house thoroughly.④The bookshelf was moved and under the bed was swept, but nothing was found.The boy became discouraged，complaining, “⑤Almost every place has been searched，⑥but my toy car isn’t found.” ⑦It was at that moment that he found his toy car was hidden in his schoolbag.
情境導(dǎo)讀
以上句子中都使用了被動語態(tài)，句①為　　　　　　的被動語態(tài)；句②為　　　　　　的被動語態(tài)；句③為　　　　　　的被動語態(tài)；句④⑦為　　　　　　的被動語態(tài)；句⑤為　　　　　　的被動語態(tài)；句⑥為____________的被動語態(tài)。
過去完成時
過去將來時
一般將來時
一般過去時
現(xiàn)在完成時
一般現(xiàn)在時
被動語態(tài)
一、被動語態(tài)的概述
語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，它表示句子的主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。
◆主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。如：
They prohibit smoking in public areas.
謂語prohibit的動作是由主語they發(fā)出的，即they是prohibit這個動作的執(zhí)行者。
語法精講
◆被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。如：
Smoking is prohibited by them in public areas.
主語smoking是prohibit這個動作的承受者。
二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be本身無詞義，但有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。
時態(tài) 構(gòu)成形式
一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are＋done
一般過去時 was/were＋done
一般將來時 be going to/will/shall＋be done
過去將來時 would/should＋be done
現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are＋being done
時態(tài) 構(gòu)成形式
過去進行時 was/were＋being done
現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has＋been done
過去完成時 had＋been done
含情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞＋be done
The boy is often heard to play the piano.
人們經(jīng)常聽到這個男孩彈鋼琴。
The athlete was seen to enter the gym just now.
剛才有人看見這位運動員進了體育館。
A new apartment will be built by us next year.
明年我們要建一棟新公寓。
The news would be sent to the volunteer’s mother the moment it arrived.
消息一到就會被送到那位志愿者的母親那里。
The problem is being discussed at the meeting at the moment.
目前，會議上正在討論這個問題。
An informal boxing match was being held when I arrived there.
我到那兒時，一場非正式的拳擊比賽正在進行。
People’s living quality has been greatly improved in the past ten years.
在過去的十年里，人們的生活質(zhì)量得到了極大的提高。
By the end of last year，another company had been completed.
到去年年底為止，另一家公司已經(jīng)建成了。
The new teaching equipment must be sent to the rural school in no time.
這些新的教學(xué)設(shè)備必須馬上送到那所鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校。
三、在下列情況下使用被動語態(tài)
1.不知道或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。
The charity organisation was built ten years ago.這個慈善組織是十年前成立的。
2.強調(diào)動作的承受者。
Your plan is considered to be practical.
你的計劃被認為是實用的。
3.在書面語中，特別是在科技報告和新聞報道中，被動語態(tài)比主動語態(tài)更正式。
The International Space Station has been built in the Earth’s orbit.
國際空間站已經(jīng)在地球軌道上建成了。
4.習(xí)慣用法的需要。這類詞常見的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。
You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.
你只有全身心地投入工作才能取得成功。
四、使用被動語態(tài)的注意問題
1.以主動形式表被動意義的動詞
(1)表示狀態(tài)特征的系動詞，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove等，不用于被動語態(tài)，其后接形容詞或名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被動含義。
He looks strong and energetic after going jogging regularly.
進行有規(guī)律的慢跑之后，他看起來很強壯并且充滿活力。
The problem proves tough and is difficult to deal with.
這個問題被證明很棘手，并且很難處理。
(2)表示主語的內(nèi)在特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的動詞，如drive，lock，sell，read，wash，dry等，常用主動形式表示被動意義。這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有一個修飾語。
You can depend on it that this kind of cloth washes well.你可以相信這種布料很好洗。
To our disappointment，the engine won’t start.
讓我們失望的是，引擎發(fā)動不起來。
(3)不定式作定語，與前面被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，且不定式的邏輯主語為主句的主語時，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。
Attention，please.I have something important to say.
請注意，我有重要的事情要說。
(4)不定式修飾作表語和賓語補足語的形容詞時，如difficult，easy，comfortable，hard，convenient，cheap，expensive等，不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。
We find the guy is difficult to get along with.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個家伙很難相處。
Our apartment is comfortable to live in.
我們的公寓住起來很舒服。
(5)need，want，require，deserve等作謂語，其主語為物時，動詞后的動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義。
The plan required discussing on schedule at the meeting.
＝The plan required to be discussed on schedule at the meeting.
這項計劃需要在會上按時討論。
(6)表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，run，move等。
The gym opens at 8 am and closes at 10 pm every day.
這家健身房每天上午八點開門，晚上十點關(guān)門。
2.不用被動語態(tài)的情況
不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語無被動語態(tài)，常見的有appear，disappear，die，rise，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，spread，stand，break out，come true，belong to，lose heart，take place，run out，come up等。
Owing to the heavy snow，the price of vegetables has risen recently.
由于這場大雪，最近蔬菜的價格上漲了。
To our satisfaction，our dream came true at last.令我們滿意的是，我們的夢想最終實現(xiàn)了。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.The garden doesn’t need (water) because it rained last night.
2.On the way home yesterday，they (stop) by a policeman.
3.Great changes (take) place in China in the past twenty years.
4.The new toy which is popular with teenage boys (sell) very well.
5.It is reported that a space station (build) on the Moon in the near future.
達標檢測
watering/to be watered
were stopped
have taken
sells
will be built
6.They were told that the interview result (announce) the next week.
7.The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for my regular morning exercise.
8.I have no time to go with you because our new house ________________
(decorate) now.
9.Five new buildings (build) by the end of last year.
10.The math question was too difficult (understand) for junior high school students.
would be announced
felt
is being decorated
had been built
to understand
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.上周日我們學(xué)校舉行了五公里賽跑。
The 5-kilometre race .
2.繼續(xù)努力，你的夢想遲早會實現(xiàn)的。
Keep working hard and your dream .
3.他回到學(xué)校時作業(yè)還沒做完。
His homework when he came back to school.
4.如果您的訂單準備好了，T恤衫會盡快送到您的手中。
If your order is ready，the T-shirt as soon as possible.
was held by our school last Sunday
will come true sooner or later
hadn’t been finished
will be delivered to you
5.在會上要做的這個決定將會影響我們公司的未來。
The decision will influence the future of our company.
to be made at the meeting
Ⅲ.用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式完成以下語段
Air pollution is becoming more and more serious.One of the major causes is car use.Cars 1. (use) for even the shortest journeys.Industry is another major cause，but fortunately，new industrial sites 2._______________
(build) away from city centers now.It 3. (say) that one of the most serious problems that need to 4. (deal) with is the use of cars.In some cities，laws 5. (pass) concerning car use.For example，cars in some cities 6. (allow) only on some certain days.As far as I am concerned，it is a good idea.With the laws，public transport 7. (use) more in the future and the pollution 8. (reduce).
返 回
are used
are being built
is said
be dealt
have been passed
are allowed
will be used
will be reduced
訓(xùn)練2
1.The naughty boy let _____ the balloon and his baby sister was scared to cry.
2.Faced with the wolf，the hunter raised his gun so as to scare it ______.
3.You are expected _________(finish) the task before May 1st，so time is limited now.
4.I enjoy walking in the park，because I find the ____________(surround) peaceful.
5.On no account should you __________(allow) to speak to your parents in such a rude way.
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
off
away
to finish
surroundings
be allowed
6.She picked a large bunch of flowers as ___________(decorate) on the special occasion.
7.The ________(retire) expert has been living in the rural area since he left from his position.
8.The painting is an _________(origin) work of art，created entirely from the artist’s imagination.
decoration
retired
original
1.在中國，人們非常重視春節(jié)。(attach significance to)
_______________________________________________________________
2.春節(jié)前人們會購買年貨，用大紅燈籠裝飾房子。(decorate)
Before Spring Festival，people will _______________________________
______________________________________.
3.除夕晚上，時鐘一敲響十二點，人們就開始燃放煙花。(the moment)
On Chinese New Year’s Eve， ____________________________________
___________________.
Ⅱ.單句寫作(課文佳句仿寫)
People in China attach great significance to Spring Festival.
do Spring Festival shopping and
decorate their houses with big red lanterns
people will let off fireworks the moment
the clock strikes 12
4.據(jù)說，燃放鞭炮可以嚇跑“年”獸。(It is said that...)
_______________________________________________________________
5.人們會圍坐在一起，享受豐盛的晚餐，送上新年祝福。(現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語)
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組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯(lián)想內(nèi)容組成一篇小短文。
It is said that letting off firecrackers can scare away the monster Nian.
People would sit together，enjoying a big dinner and wishing everyone a happy new year.
參考范文
People in China attach great significance to Spring Festival.Before Spring Festival，people will do Spring Festival shopping and decorate their houses with big red lanterns.On Chinese New Year’s Eve，people will let off fireworks the moment the clock strikes 12.It is said that letting off firecrackers can scare away the monster Nian.
Then，people would sit together，enjoying a big dinner and wishing everyone a happy new year.
A
(2025·江蘇常州高一上期中)
Once I read about a country where if you go to a house and praise some small things，the owners feel it a must to offer it to you as a gift.I don’t remember the name of the country；the only other place I know of with such a custom is my mother’s home.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者為母親挑選母親節(jié)禮物的經(jīng)歷。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Knowing Mama，I have always been careful with my praise，but that doesn’t stop her.She can always sense admiration beyond words.“I was just staring at that photo of Mount Hood because I have a similar one in my bedroom.” Mama would nod，“Of course.You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set.If a mother doesn’t understand，who does？”
Recently I have been worrying for weeks about a Mother’s Day gift for Mama，as there is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will quickly come back to the giver.If I buy her something wearable，she immediately finds it fits me perfectly.If I give her a plant，she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water.If I give her some food，she wants me to stay for lunch and eat it.
My wise Papa long ago stopped trying to shop for her.Instead，on every important occasion he writes a short poem in which he tells of their meeting，wedding，and later marriage life.After nearly 30 years of poems，Papa sometimes worries that his poetic inspiration has dried up，but Mama doesn’t complain.She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says，“It doesn’t have to rhyme(押韻) as long as it’s from the heart.”
This year，finally，I think I，too，have found a painless gift for Mama.I am going to give her a magazine article，unrhymed but from the heart，in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy，find，or make her that would be half good enough anyway.
1.Why does the author mention the country in paragraph 1
A.To explain a rule. B.To lead in the topic.
C.To present a fact. D.To prove her point.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者在第一段通過一個將被贊揚的物品當(dāng)成禮物贈送的國家習(xí)俗來引出自己母親也有類似的習(xí)慣，從而自然過渡到文章的主題——給母親送禮物的故事。因此，這里的目的是引出文章主題。故選B。
解析
2.Why is the author always careful with her praise
A.She doesn’t like any small things.
B.Mama will be too proud of herself.
C.She doesn’t want Mama to know real her.
D.Mama will give her whatever she praises.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和第二段中“ She can always sense admiration beyond words.”以及“‘I was just staring at that photo of Mount Hood...’...‘Of course.You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set...’”可知，作者知道如果她對某樣?xùn)|西表示贊美，母親很可能會將它作為禮物送給她。因此，為了避免這種情況，她總是對贊美很謹慎。故選D。
解析
3.What makes it difficult to buy a gift for Mama
A.Mama’s refusal of any gifts.
B.Mama’s misunderstanding of givers.
C.Mama’s attitude to festivals.
D.Mama’s practice of giving back.
√
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Recently...as there is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will quickly come back to the giver...”可知，作者擔(dān)心給母親的禮物會很快回到送禮人手中，因為母親總是以各種方式回饋禮物，這導(dǎo)致給媽媽買禮物很困難。故選D。
解析
4.What does the author imply in the last two paragraphs
A.Mama values sincere love over gift itself.
B.Poems and articles are Mama’s favorite gifts.
C.Papa writes poems as gifts to save money.
D.Papa and I could never find a good enough gift for Mama.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“...but Mama doesn’t complain.”和“It doesn’t have to rhyme(押韻) as long as it’s from the heart.”及最后一段“This year，finally，I think I，too，have found a painless gift for Mama.I am going to give her a magazine article，unrhymed but from the heart...”可知，作者提到父親寫詩作為禮物，母親只在乎它是否發(fā)自內(nèi)心，作者也決定給母親一篇不押韻但發(fā)自內(nèi)心的雜志文章作為禮物，這暗示母親更看重的是真誠的愛而非禮物本身。故選A。
解析
B
(2025·河南鄭州高一上期末)
February is coming，and with it comes the review of those New Year’s resolutions(決定) that were so eagerly made just a few weeks ago.It’s thought that about a quarter of us make New Year’s resolutions every January，but evidence varies around how many of us actually manage to stick to them.In one set of data(數(shù)據(jù))，from the quarter of us who make New Year’s resolutions，about 35% report sticking to all of their goals，while 50% manage some of them.But what about those remaining people who fall short，and don’t carry out their resolutions
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章指出多數(shù)人難以堅持新年決心，介紹了制定有效新年決心的方法，并鼓勵人們在二月重新嘗試。
If that’s you，you’re not alone.In 2023，a separate piece of research carried out at Edith Cowan University，Australia，found that two-thirds of people surveyed gave up on their New Year’s resolutions in the first month of the year.But all is not lost，so don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t stick to your resolutions.It is not too late if you want to start up your resolutions again as we move into February.
The words we choose and the approaches we take when creating our resolutions can have a significant impact on our success.Research carried out in 2023 at Stockholm University，Sweden，found that so-called “approach goals” were much more effective than “avoidance goals”.Approach goals，like “I will exercise three times a week to stay healthy and fit”，include achieving or keeping a good result.Avoidance goals，such as “I’ll stop eating chocolate and sweets”，try to avoid a bad result.In addition，make your resolutions specific and measurable.Goals such as “I want to get fit” are too unclear to achieve or keep up with.
So look at how you presented your resolutions and have a think about how you go about acting on them—it may not be too late to try them again.How about trying for February
5.What can replace the underlined part “fall short” in paragraph 1
A.Care nothing. B.Lose heart.
C.Fail to achieve. D.Keep trying.
√
詞義猜測題。從上文“about 35% report sticking to all of their goals，while 50% manage some of them”以及畫線詞所在句“但是，那些剩下的……的人和沒有執(zhí)行決心的人呢？”可知，“fall short”描述的是那些沒有達成自己新年目標的人。C選項 Fail to achieve意思是“未能達成”，與畫線部分意思相符。故選C項。
解析
6.What did the 2023 Australian research show
A.New Year’s resolutions were useless.
B.New Year’s resolutions varied from year to year.
C.People took their New Year’s resolutions lightly.
D.Most people didn’t keep their New Year’s resolutions.
√
推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“In 2023，a separate piece of research...found that two-thirds of people surveyed gave up on their New Year’s resolutions in the first month of the year.”可知，2023年澳大利亞的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，三分之二的受訪者在新年的第一個月就放棄了他們的新年決心。因此大多數(shù)人沒有堅持住自己的新年決心。故選D項。
解析
7.Which of the following resolutions is achievable
A.I’ll read a book a month.
B.I’ll quit drinking.
C.I’ll stop using social media.
D.I’ll not stay up for ever.
√
推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“...so-called ‘a(chǎn)pproach goals’ were much more effective...include achieving or keeping a good result.”和“In addition，make your resolutions specific and measurable.”可知，包含達成好的結(jié)果、具體且可衡量的目標更有效。A選項明確規(guī)定了每個月讀一本書，是在追求好的結(jié)果，時間和任務(wù)都很具體，具有可衡量性，符合可實現(xiàn)的要求。故選A項。
解析
8.What is a suitable title for this text
A.A New February
B.Never Too Late to Start Over
C.Say No to New Year’s Resolutions
D.New Year’s Resolutions，Same You
√
標題歸納題。文章開篇指出二月來臨，人們會回顧幾周前急切立下的新年決心，接著用數(shù)據(jù)表明多數(shù)人難以堅持。隨后提到即便沒堅持也不必自責(zé)，二月重新開始也為時未晚，還介紹了制定有效新年決心的方法并鼓勵再次嘗試。D項“新年決心，你依舊如故？”與主旨相契合，適合作為標題。故選D項。
解析
As the end of the year comes，for many people，so do the holiday blues.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹節(jié)日憂郁癥產(chǎn)生的原因和解決的方法。
Ⅳ.七選五
This traditionally joyful and restful time of year can somehow produce the perfect storm of stress that can leave us feeling sad，disconnected and alone. 1
A.Create a novel tradition.
B.Reach out to a lonely friend.
C.Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D.Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E.Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F.Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G.Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow deepened.
√
由上文可知，許多人有節(jié)日憂郁癥。推知這里主要介紹節(jié)日憂郁癥的癥狀，而F項“了解這些問題的原因和解決方法始終是關(guān)鍵”符合語境，其中them指代上文the holiday blues，且the reasons and ways與下文對應(yīng)，本句承上啟下。故選F項。
解析
Many people do not feel part of the traditions.Those experiencing cold relationships with family members may struggle with the loss of connection and a strong sense of sadness during the holiday season.
2 And there are still people struggling with painful memories from their childhood.
A.Create a novel tradition.
B.Reach out to a lonely friend.
C.Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D.Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E.Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F.Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G.Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow
　deepened.
√
由上下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要分析一些人沒有融入傳統(tǒng)而得節(jié)日憂郁癥，空前后兩句都是在舉例說明，而G項“一些為失去親人而哭泣的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的悲傷加劇了”符合語境，和上下句為并列關(guān)系，也是舉例說明這種無法融入傳統(tǒng)而憂郁的現(xiàn)象。故選G項。
解析
Many people feel overburdened by expectations owing to endless media holiday advertisements.The over-commercialization(過度商業(yè)化) and consumerism of the holidays leave many people feeling hard to meet unrealistic expectations of luxurious(奢侈的) gift-giving and big family dinner.
3 Many people find themselves going into debt to meet unrealistic expectations.
A.Create a novel tradition.
B.Reach out to a lonely friend.
C.Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D.Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E.Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F.Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G.Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow
　deepened.
√
由本段上文可知，節(jié)日的過度商業(yè)化和消費主義讓許多人感到難以滿足奢侈送禮和大家庭晚餐的不切實際的期望，C項“尤其是女性，深受其苦”進一步說明這種情況對特定人群的影響，其中it代指上文的情況。故選C項。
解析
4 If you struggle at this time of the year，consider meeting the holiday season in a new and positive way.Set the intention to enjoy yourself and those you love in a way that suits who you are right now，like planning a special outing or getting together with friends.
A.Create a novel tradition.
B.Reach out to a lonely friend.
C.Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D.Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E.Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F.Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G.Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow deepened.
√
設(shè)空處為本段主題句，根據(jù)上文可知，文章第二段和第三段在分析節(jié)日憂郁癥的原因，而本段后文在講治愈該癥狀的方法，D項“以下是一些提升情緒的策略”對本段有總括作用，符合語境。故選D項。
解析
Realize that you can define how you spend your time.You can start by being kind to yourself，as well as to others. 5 Feeling needed is a good way to lessen personal blues.
A.Create a novel tradition.
B.Reach out to a lonely friend.
C.Women，in particular，suffer from it.
D.Here are some tips to lift our mood.
E.Get close to those who share the common perspective.
F.Knowing the reasons and ways to work them out is always the key.
G.Some shedding tears for the loss of a loved one find their sorrow deepened.
√
上文“You can start by being kind to yourself，as well as to others.”提出要善待自己和他人，下文“Feeling needed is a good way to lessen personal blues.”說明被需要是減少個人憂郁的好方法，而B項“主動幫助一個孤獨的朋友”是一種善待他人的行為，符合語境，其中a lonely friend與上文others對應(yīng)，lonely與下文feeling needed對應(yīng)，本句承上啟下。故選B項。
解析
If you celebrate the holidays，set reasonable limits on your spending and manage your time and efforts wisely.If you feel exhausted by nonstop social commitments，politely decline an invitation or two.
Chung Yeung—also 1. (call)Chongyang—is an important public holiday in China and countries with people of Chinese heritage(血統(tǒng)).
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——重陽節(jié)。
Ⅴ.語法填空
called
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，Chung Yeung與call為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)填過去分詞形式，作后置定語。故填called。
解析
Chung Yeung is an annual event 2. can date back to the Eastern Han Dynasty.The day itself—the ninth day of the lunar September—is considered a certain day of bad luck and possible danger in Chinese culture.
考查定語從句。分析句子可知，這里考查限制性定語從句，先行詞an annual event指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或者which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。
解析
which/that
It’s said to be the day when a man named Heng Jing，whose parents had been killed by a devil(魔鬼)，was warned that 3. devil would reappear to strike his whole village with a disease.
考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處特指上文出現(xiàn)的devil，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。
解析
the
The villagers each escaped with a piece of dogwood leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum(菊花) wine.When the devil appeared in the empty village，he 4. (attract) by the smells of dogwood and chrysanthemum，and Heng Jing 5. (brave) defeated the devil in a sword fight.
4.考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知，這里考查謂語動詞，he與attract為被動關(guān)系，且由前后文可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞使用was。故填was attracted。
5.考查副詞。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填副詞bravely，作狀語，修飾后面動詞。故填bravely。
解析
was attracted
bravely
6. a celebration of overcoming danger and honoring ancestors，Chung Yeung has become an occasion for 7. (climb) mountains，hiking hills and appreciating the chrysanthemum.
As
climbing
6.考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“作為”應(yīng)用介詞as，且位于句首時，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填A(yù)s。
7.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，介詞for后面應(yīng)填動名詞，作賓語。故填climbing。
解析
The largest Double Ninth Festivals are in Asia,8. the holiday is celebrated around the world.
考查連詞。分析句子可知，此空前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but/yet。故填but/yet。
解析
but/yet
In 1989，the Chinese government announced that the day would be a time 9. (honor) elders.In China，families hike together to their ancestors’ mountaintop graves.One of Wang Wei’s 10. (poem) is often read at Chung Yeung celebrations.
9.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，且由句意可知，此空應(yīng)填不定式作后置定語，修飾前面名詞。故填to honor。
10.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。分析句子可知，One of后應(yīng)加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填poems。
解析
to honor
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