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Period 5　Writing
寫作一　應用文寫作——議論文
本單元要求寫一篇議論文。議論文通過議論或說理來表達作者的見解和主張。作者對某一問題持有一種看法，為了使讀者同意自己的看法，作者提出若干理由，試圖說服他人。議論文一般分為三段：
1．首段常用句式：
In my opinion，it is wrong to/that...Here are the reasons.
在我看來，……是錯誤的。原因如下。
I don’t think it is a very good way to...
我認為……不是一個很好的方法。
I’m writing to persuade you to quit/give up...
我寫信是勸你放棄……
People take different opinions on...
人們對……有不同的看法。
Recently...has become a heated topic.
最近……已經成為一個熱門話題。
Opinions about...vary from person to person.
對……的看法因人而異。
2．中段常用句式：
As the old saying goes，everything has two sides.It has both advantages and disadvantages.
俗話說，凡事都有兩面性。它既有優點，又有缺點。
When it comes to...，most people believe that...，but other people regard...as...
當談及……，大多數人認為……，但是其他人把……視為……
Here are my reasons.First of all，I think it would be better if...
我的理由如下。首先，我認為如果……會更好。
The reasons for...are as follows.First...Second...Last but not least...
……的原因如下。首先…… 第二……最后但同樣重要的是……
On the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
No one can ignore the fact that...
沒有人能忽視……的事實。
If I were you，I would...
如果我是你，我會……
I firmly support the view that...
我堅決支持這種觀點……
The advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
利大于弊。
3．尾段常用句式：
In short/In conclusion/In closing...
總之……
All things considered...
從各方面看來……
As far as I’m concerned...
就我而言……
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that...
通過以上討論，我們可以很容易地得出結論……
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
請考慮我的建議，做出最后的決定。
假如你是李華，你班就化學耕作和有機耕作進行了討論，請寫一篇文章闡述你的觀點，內容包括：
1．有機農產品更健康，更讓人放心；
2．有機農耕不會對環境造成破壞；
3．有機農耕讓農民增加收入。
參考詞匯：農藥殘留pesticide residues
第一步　審題謀篇
第二步　遣詞造句
核心詞匯　(單元寫作詞匯運用)
1．有機耕作organic farming
2．有做某事的選擇have the alternative of doing sth
3．深信be greatly convinced that
4．致力于做某事devote oneself to/be devoted to doing sth
5．認為某人/某物是……assume sb/sth to be...
6．有營養的nutritious
7．對……非常必要 be essential to/for...
8．結果是……；原來是…… It turns out that...
連詞成句　(教材句式仿寫)
1．我認為有機農業比化學農業好。原因如下。(assume)
I assume organic farming to be better than chemical farming.Here are some reasons.
2．考慮到化學農藥對農作物有害，禁止農民在有機農業中噴灑化學農藥。(given that)
Given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming.
3．這樣就不會在農作物上留下農藥殘留。
This leaves no pesticide residues on crops.
4．農民使用天然的動物糞便。
Farmers use natural waste from animals.
5．它不僅可以避免破壞環境，還可以使作物更有營養。
Not only will it avoid destroying the environment but it will also make crops more nutritious.
6．越來越多的人非常關心自己的身體健康而不愿購買化學食品。
More and more people are too concerned about their physical health to buy chemical foods.
7．當他們在商店購物時，他們可以選擇購買有機水果和蔬菜，盡管這些產品的價格更高。
They have the alternative of buying organic fruit and vegetables when they are shopping in stores，despite the fact that the prices of these products are higher.
8．事實證明，農民可以賺更多的錢。
It turns out that farmers can make more money.
9．通過以上討論，我們可以很容易地得出結論，有機農業對我們的身體健康是至關重要的。
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that organic farming is essential to our physical health.
10．我深信，未來將有越來越多的農民投身于有機農業。
I am greatly convinced that more and more farmers will be devoted to organic farming in the future.
第三步　句式升級
用現在分詞短語作結果狀語合并句2和句3。
Given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming，leaving no pesticide residues on crops.
第四步　組句成篇
用適當的過渡詞語，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯想內容，組成一篇80詞左右的英語短文。
參考范文
I assume organic farming to be better than chemical farming.Here are some reasons.
Firstly，given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming，leaving no pesticide residues on crops.Secondly，farmers use natural waste from animals.Not only will it avoid destroying the environment but it will also make crops more nutritious.Thirdly，more and more people are too concerned about their physical health to buy chemical foods.Thus，they have the alternative of buying organic fruit and vegetables when they are shopping in stores，despite the fact that the prices of these products are higher.Finally，it turns out that farmers can make more money.
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that organic farming is essential to our physical health.I am greatly convinced that more and more farmers will be devoted to organic farming in the future.
某英文社交論壇正在討論“Should tourism be developed in the country？”，請你寫一篇英文短文，表明自己的觀點并發表在該論壇上。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。
Should tourism be developed in the country
參考范文
Should tourism be developed in the country
As far as I am concerned，I am entirely in favor of developing tourism in the country.
Firstly，developing tourism is a good way to increase villagers’ income.Visitors from different places will be attracted by local unique cultural features，certainly boosting the economy.Secondly，more villagers will be employed without leaving their hometown.Along with the development of tourism，much business will be generated，which will provide many new jobs for the local people.Lastly，it’s also a chance to improve communication among people from various places.
Though tourism might affect the natural environment in the country，the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
寫作二　讀后續寫微技能
Ⅰ.增分語料積累
外貌描寫
在讀后續寫過程中，在圍繞原文主旨、保持原文語言特點的基礎上，續寫部分可利用恰當的詞語描述人物的外貌，以此來豐富續寫內容，從而進一步提升續寫語篇的可讀性。進行外貌描寫時，可以描寫一個人的總體形象，也可以抓住人物重要或突出的外貌特征進行描述，如具體描寫人物的頭發或胡須、前額、眉毛、眼睛、下巴、嘴唇等。
Her hair was so soft that it felt like silk as it brushed against my cheek.她的頭發如此柔軟，拂過我的臉頰時感覺就像絲綢一樣。
Her hair flowed gracefully down her back，shining in the sunlight.
她的頭發優雅地垂在背后，在陽光下閃閃發光。
It was on his broad forehead that the wisdom of ages seemed to be carved.
他的寬闊前額上似乎鐫刻著歲月的智慧。
Her eyebrows seemed to dance along with her every expression.
她的眉毛似乎隨著她的每一個表情而舞動。
Eyes are windows to the soul，hers filled with compassion and kindness.
眼睛是心靈的窗戶，她的眼睛充滿了同情和善良。
His lips trembled slightly as he tried to speak，but no words came out.
他試圖說話時嘴唇微微顫抖，但一個字也說不出來。
Ⅱ.教材語料積累
詞匯 情感描寫 convince vt.使相信；使確信；說服→convincing adj.有說服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.確信的；堅信的　intense adj.熱切的；十分強烈的；激烈的　deep down在內心深處；本質上；實際上
動作描寫 devote vt.把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于　tackle vt.解決(難題)；應付(局面)；處理　boost vt.使增長；使興旺　yield vt.出產(作物)；產生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；讓步　overcome vt.克服；解決；戰勝　alleviate vt.減輕；緩解
句型 1.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.(外貌描寫) 2.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.(情感描寫) 3.Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.(比喻修辭) 4.Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision...(人物描寫)
Ⅲ.續寫語料運用
請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯，完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。
看見我朋友悲痛欲絕，我內心深處是如此焦慮，以至于感覺就像熱鍋上的螞蟻。我必須竭盡全力振奮他的精神，并說服他不要向暫時的失敗屈服。我向他提供了一些有效的措施，以緩解他的悲傷并解決他的問題。最終，他相信只有致力于學習他才能通過考試。當我意識到他不再心煩意亂時，我的心里感覺像蜜一樣甜。
Seeing my friend 1.overcome with intense sadness，I 2.was so anxious deep down that I felt like an ant on a hot pan.I must do whatever I could to 3.boost his spirits and convince him not to yield to the temporary failure.I offered him some effective measures to 4.alleviate his sadness and tackle his problems.Finally，he 5.was convinced that only if he devoted himself to/was devoted to his study could he pass the exam.When I sensed that he wasn’t upset any longer，my heart was as sweet as honey.(共33張PPT)
Period 5
Writing
Working the land
Unit 5
內容索引
寫作一　應用文寫作——議論文
寫作二　讀后續寫微技能
寫作一　應用文寫作——議論文
本單元要求寫一篇議論文。議論文通過議論或說理來表達作者的見解和主張。作者對某一問題持有一種看法，為了使讀者同意自己的看法，作者提出若干理由，試圖說服他人。議論文一般分為三段：
1.首段常用句式：
In my opinion，it is wrong to/that...Here are the reasons.
在我看來，……是錯誤的。原因如下。
I don’t think it is a very good way to...
我認為……不是一個很好的方法。
I’m writing to persuade you to quit/give up...
我寫信是勸你放棄……
常用表達
People take different opinions on...
人們對……有不同的看法。
Recently...has become a heated topic.
最近……已經成為一個熱門話題。
Opinions about...vary from person to person.
對……的看法因人而異。
2.中段常用句式：
As the old saying goes，everything has two sides.It has both advantages and disadvantages.
俗話說，凡事都有兩面性。它既有優點，又有缺點。
When it comes to...，most people believe that...，but other people regard...as...
當談及……，大多數人認為……，但是其他人把……視為……
Here are my reasons.First of all，I think it would be better if...
我的理由如下。首先，我認為如果……會更好。
The reasons for...are as follows.First...Second...Last but not least...
……的原因如下。首先…… 第二……最后但同樣重要的是……
On the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
No one can ignore the fact that...
沒有人能忽視……的事實。
If I were you，I would...
如果我是你，我會……
I firmly support the view that...
我堅決支持這種觀點……
The advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
利大于弊。
3.尾段常用句式：
In short/In conclusion/In closing...
總之……
All things considered...
從各方面看來……
As far as I’m concerned...
就我而言……
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that...
通過以上討論，我們可以很容易地得出結論……
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
請考慮我的建議，做出最后的決定。
假如你是李華，你班就化學耕作和有機耕作進行了討論，請寫一篇文章闡述你的觀點，內容包括：
1.有機農產品更健康，更讓人放心；
2.有機農耕不會對環境造成破壞；
3.有機農耕讓農民增加收入。
參考詞匯：農藥殘留pesticide residues
典例演練
第一步　審題謀篇
第二步　遣詞造句
核心詞匯　(單元寫作詞匯運用)
1.有機耕作
2.有做某事的選擇
3.深信
4.致力于做某事
5.認為某人/某物是……
6.有營養的
7.對……非常必要
8.結果是……；原來是……
_______________
____________________________
______________________
___________________________________
___________________
_________
_________________
________________
organic farming
have the alternative of doing sth
be greatly convinced that
devote oneself to/be devoted to doing sth
assume sb/sth to be...
nutritious
be essential to/for...
It turns out that...
連詞成句　(教材句式仿寫)
1.我認為有機農業比化學農業好。原因如下。(assume)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.考慮到化學農藥對農作物有害，禁止農民在有機農業中噴灑化學農藥。(given that)
__________________________________________________，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming.
3.這樣就不會在農作物上留下農藥殘留。
_______________________________________________________________
Given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops
I assume organic farming to be better than chemical farming.Here are some reasons.
This leaves no pesticide residues on crops.
4.農民使用天然的動物糞便。
_______________________________________________________________
5.它不僅可以避免破壞環境，還可以使作物更有營養。
Not only _____________________________________ but it will also make crops _______________.
6.越來越多的人非常關心自己的身體健康而不愿購買化學食品。
More and more people are ________________________________________
__________________.
will it avoid destroying the environment
more nutritious
too concerned about their physical health to
buy chemical foods
Farmers use natural waste from animals.
7.當他們在商店購物時，他們可以選擇購買有機水果和蔬菜，盡管這些產品的價格更高。
They ____________________________________________________ when they are shopping in stores，despite the fact ________________________
___________________.
8.事實證明，農民可以賺更多的錢。
_______________________________________________________________
have the alternative of buying organic fruit and vegetables
that the prices of these
products are higher
It turns out that farmers can make more money.
9.通過以上討論，我們可以很容易地得出結論，有機農業對我們的身體健康是至關重要的。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10.我深信，未來將有越來越多的農民投身于有機農業。
______________________________________________________________________________ in the future.
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that organic farming is essential to our physical health.
I am greatly convinced that more and more farmers will be devoted to organic farming
第三步　句式升級
用現在分詞短語作結果狀語合并句2和句3。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming，leaving no pesticide residues on crops.
第四步　組句成篇
用適當的過渡詞語，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯想內容，組成一篇80詞左右的英語短文。
參考范文
I assume organic farming to be better than chemical farming.Here are some reasons.
Firstly，given that chemical pesticides are harmful to crops，farmers are forbidden to spray them in organic farming，leaving no pesticide residues on crops.Secondly，farmers use natural waste from animals.Not only will it avoid destroying the environment but it will also make crops more nutritious.Thirdly，more and more people are too concerned about their physical health to buy chemical foods.Thus，they have the alternative of buying organic fruit and vegetables when they are shopping in stores，despite the fact that the prices of these products are higher.Finally，it turns out that farmers can make more money.
From what has been discussed above，we can easily draw the conclusion that organic farming is essential to our physical health.I am greatly convinced that more and more farmers will be devoted to organic farming in the future.
某英文社交論壇正在討論“Should tourism be developed in the country？”，請你寫一篇英文短文，表明自己的觀點并發表在該論壇上。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。
Should tourism be developed in the country
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
達標檢測
參考范文
Should tourism be developed in the country
As far as I am concerned，I am entirely in favor of developing tourism in the country.
Firstly，developing tourism is a good way to increase villagers’ income.Visitors from different places will be attracted by local unique cultural features，certainly boosting the economy.Secondly，more villagers will be employed without leaving their hometown.Along with the development of tourism，much business will be generated，
which will provide many new jobs for the local people.Lastly，it’s also a chance to improve communication among people from various places.
Though tourism might affect the natural environment in the country，the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
返 回
寫作二　讀后續寫微技能
外貌描寫
在讀后續寫過程中，在圍繞原文主旨、保持原文語言特點的基礎上，續寫部分可利用恰當的詞語描述人物的外貌，以此來豐富續寫內容，從而進一步提升續寫語篇的可讀性。進行外貌描寫時，可以描寫一個人的總體形象，也可以抓住人物重要或突出的外貌特征進行描述，如具體描寫人物的頭發或胡須、前額、眉毛、眼睛、下巴、嘴唇等。
Ⅰ.增分語料積累
Her hair was so soft that it felt like silk as it brushed against my cheek.她的頭發如此柔軟，拂過我的臉頰時感覺就像絲綢一樣。
Her hair flowed gracefully down her back，shining in the sunlight.
她的頭發優雅地垂在背后，在陽光下閃閃發光。
It was on his broad forehead that the wisdom of ages seemed to be carved.
他的寬闊前額上似乎鐫刻著歲月的智慧。
Her eyebrows seemed to dance along with her every expression.
她的眉毛似乎隨著她的每一個表情而舞動。
Eyes are windows to the soul，hers filled with compassion and kindness.
眼睛是心靈的窗戶，她的眼睛充滿了同情和善良。
His lips trembled slightly as he tried to speak，but no words came out.
他試圖說話時嘴唇微微顫抖，但一個字也說不出來。
Ⅱ.教材語料積累
詞匯 情感描寫 convince vt.使相信；使確信；說服→convincing adj.有說服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.確信的；堅信的　intense adj.熱切的；十分強烈的；激烈的　deep down在內心深處；本質上；實際上
動作描寫 devote vt.把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于　tackle vt.解決(難題)；應付(局面)；處理　boost vt.使增長；使興旺　yield vt.出產(作物)；產生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；讓步　overcome vt.克服；解決；戰勝　alleviate vt.減輕；緩解
句型 1.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.(外貌描寫)
2.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.(情感描寫)
3.Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.(比喻修辭)
4.Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision...(人物描寫)
Ⅲ.續寫語料運用
請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯，完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。
看見我朋友悲痛欲絕，我內心深處是如此焦慮，以至于感覺就像熱鍋上的螞蟻。我必須竭盡全力振奮他的精神，并說服他不要向暫時的失敗屈服。
Seeing my friend 1.____________________________，I 2.______________
_______________ I felt like an ant on a hot pan.I must do whatever I could to 3._________________________________________________________________.
overcome with intense sadness
was so anxious
deep down that
boost his spirits and convince him not to yield to the temporary failure
我向他提供了一些有效的措施，以緩解他的悲傷并解決他的問題。最終，他相信只有致力于學習他才能通過考試。當我意識到他不再心煩意亂時，我的心里感覺像蜜一樣甜。
I offered him some effective measures to 4.__________________________
__________________.Finally，he 5.________________________________
________________________________ could he pass the exam.When I sensed that he wasn’t upset any longer，my heart was as sweet as honey.
返 回
alleviate his sadness and
tackle his problems
was convinced that only if he devoted
himself to/was devoted to his study
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