資源簡介

Period 2　Learning About Language
閱讀以下短文，感知標注序號的部分在句中作什么成分
When the old man was young，he was fond of ①talking to the old people，for he found it was ②interesting.③Being attracted by his funny stories made some old people willingly talk with him.As a consequence，he became better at ④communicating with others.Later，he came to this city and his job was ⑤talking to some old people.He was very popular with the old and earned much money.This meant ⑥his/him being able to buy a small house，although he didn’t mind ⑦being forced to live in that old house.He enjoyed ⑧living in this city and never considered ⑨changing his job，because ⑩making up jokes to entertain the old people was an interesting thing for him.
1．在句中作主語的是③⑩；
2．在句中作表語的是②⑤；
3．在句中作賓語的是①④⑥⑦⑧⑨，其中①④在句中作介詞的賓語，⑥是動名詞的復合結構作賓語，其構成是形容詞性物主代詞/賓格代詞＋doing。
4．③⑦是動詞-ing形式的被動式作主語和賓語，其結構是being done。
一、v.-ing作賓語的用法
v．-ing形式可作動詞(短語)的賓語和介詞的賓語。
1．下列動詞(短語)只能用v.-ing形式作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：
考慮建議盼原諒，承認推遲沒得想：consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon；admit，delay/put off，fancy
避免錯過繼續練，否認完成就欣賞：avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice；deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate
禁止想象才冒險，不禁介意準逃亡：forbid，imagine，risk；can’t help/resist，mind，allow/permit，escape
I have been looking forward to seeing you.我一直盼望見到你。
The student admitted being careless in doing homework.
這個學生承認做家庭作業粗心。
She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them.
她想象自己走進辦公室，對每個人說出自己對他們的看法。
He escaped being killed in the blast because he had not gone to work.
他因沒有去上班而避免了在那次爆炸中喪生。
2．只能接v.-ing形式作賓語的短語有：insist on，end up，feel like，succeed in，prevent/stop/keep/ban...from，devote/commit...to，pay attention to，be accustomed/used to，get down to，stick to，lead to，object to，be opposed to，admit to等。
They insisted on visiting that plant the next week.他們堅持下個星期參觀那家工廠。
I didn’t succeed in making myself understood by him.我沒能讓他理解我。
We should take effective measures to prevent our oceans from being polluted.
我們應該采取有效措施阻止我們的海洋受到污染。
3．下列句型中用v.-ing作賓語
(1)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time (in) ＋ doing sth做某事有困難/有麻煩/有問題/很難/開心
(2)spend/waste time (in) doing sth花費/浪費時間做某事
(3)when it comes to (doing) sth當談及(做)某事
I have difficulty adapting to the new environment.我很難適應新環境。
When it comes to learning English，I have some practical suggestions to share with you.
說到學習英語，我有一些實用的建議與你分享。
4．動詞need，require，want意為“需要”時，后跟動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語，意義沒有區別。
The problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.
這個問題需要馬上處理。
The building wants rewiring/to be rewired.這座樓房需要重新安裝電線。
5．在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語。
Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.我們的老師不允許作弊行為不受到懲罰。
They don’t permit scratching paint off the wall.他們不允許刮掉墻上的油漆。
注意：如果allow，advise，forbid，permit后有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名詞/代詞＋不定式(賓語補足語)”形式。
He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.他沒有因聽到這個消息而使自己過于煩惱。
6．有些動詞、動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有：
動詞 賓語的形式 意義
forget to do 忘記要做……
doing 忘記做過……
remember to do 記著要去做……
doing 記得做過……
regret to do 遺憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 盡力做……
doing 嘗試做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味著……
stop to do 停下來去做(另外一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接著做(另外一件事)
doing 接著做(同一件事)
I’ve always regretted making friends with him.我一直后悔和他交了朋友。
I regret to say that I can’t attend your party.很抱歉，我不能參加你們的聚會。
I tried sending her flowers but it didn’t have any effect.我嘗試送花給她，但是沒有什么效果。
We must try to get everything done in time.我們必須設法及時把一切做好。
7．動詞love，like，hate，prefer，start，begin，intend等后可跟v.-ing形式和不定式作賓語，但接v.-ing時表示經常性的情況，接不定式時表示具體的動作。
I like playing basketball.我喜歡打籃球。
I like to play basketball this afternoon.今天下午我想打籃球。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①To avoid being seen(see) by the teacher，Tony stole into the classroom by the back door.
②Some of the children are shy and they have some trouble in making(make) friends.
③Have you thought about building(build) a house in the countryside after retirement
④My father suggested reading(read) more books to make preparations for the approaching semester.
⑤I am strongly opposed to dealing(deal) with this matter in this way.
⑥I was allowed to perform(perform) the experiment on my own，which made me excited.
二、v.-ing作表語的用法
1．v.-ing作表語，往往具有形容詞的性質，說明主語的性質、特征等。常見的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...，這類分詞表示“令人……的”，常修飾物。
The argument is very convincing.
這個論點很令人信服。
Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演講很有趣而且很令人鼓舞。
注意：不定式和v.-ed形式也可作表語，但不定式通常強調一次性的、具體的、將要發生的動作。v.-ed形式作表語表示外因使之具備的性質和特征，意為“感到……的”。
My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼職工作。
I was disappointed at this decision.我對這個決定感到失望。
The child was frightened to see the dog.這個孩子害怕看到狗。
2．v.-ing作表語還可表示抽象性的或習慣性的動作，一般說明主語的內容。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。
[即時訓練2]　單句語法填空
①I thought that the book I borrowed from my best friend was very exciting(excite)．
②The adventure story was so moving(move) that I kept telling it to those around me over and over again.
③What students do at school is learning(learn) new knowledge.
④The argument referred to by the professional is inspiring(inspire)．
三、動名詞的復合結構作賓語和表語
動名詞的復合結構通常有四種形式：
1．形容詞性物主代詞＋動名詞；
2．名詞所有格＋動名詞；
3．代詞賓格＋動名詞；
4．名詞＋動名詞。
動名詞的復合結構作賓語時，其邏輯主語可用名詞所有格、名詞、物主代詞或代詞賓格；作表語時，其邏輯主語通常用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞。
What made all of us worried was his/Jack’s not getting to the station on time.
他/杰克沒有準時到車站讓我們所有人都很擔心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now？你介意我/杰克現在離開嗎？
[即時訓練3]　完成句子
①使我很興奮的是他的到來。
→What made me quite excited was his coming.
→I was quite excited at his coming.
②我無法想象瑪麗會嫁給這樣一個年輕人。
I can’t imagine Mary’s/Mary marrying such a young man.
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．我們忙著為即將到來的考試做準備。
We employed ourselves in preparing for the coming exam.
2．我不得不承認：你說的話確實鼓舞人心。
I have to acknowledge that what you said was really inspiring.
3．我很遺憾地告訴你，你的評估沒有達到我們的要求。
I regret to tell you that your assessment hasn’t met our requirements.
4．很多人都建議制定更多規則以保護動物權益。
Many people have suggested setting up more rules to protect animal rights.
5．很難想象他會不假思索就接受了這個決定。
It is difficult to imagine his/him accepting the decision without any consideration.
6．我建議他每天記二十個英語單詞來擴大他的詞匯量。
I advise him to memorize twenty English words every day to broaden his vocabulary.
7．我不喜歡被母親誤解，這使我情緒低落。
I disliked being misunderstood by my mother/my mother’s misunderstanding me，which put me in low spirits.
Ⅱ.完成下列語段，盡可能多地使用本單元語法
憤怒的妻子大聲問一名搬運工：“那個賊在哪里？”搬運工很迷惑，立刻回答道：“杰克是我曾知道的最好的人。我們的工作是把顧客的東西安全地送給他們?！比欢?，妻子譏諷道：“你一定在撒謊，要不然我的東西不會在你的推車里?！卑徇\工的臉氣得通紅，反駁道：“我們不是賊。但是問題是杰克在車禍中受傷了。盡管受傷嚴重，他的愿望是把你的東西送給你。因此我幫他?！币宦牭竭@番話，丈夫眼里含著淚水，妻子后悔對搬運工說如此刻薄的話。
The angry wife asked a porter in a loud voice，“Where is that thief？” The porter was 1.confused and responded at once，“Jack is the best guy I’ve ever known.Our job is 2.delivering customers’ things to them safely.” However，the wife sneered，“You must be lying，or my stuff couldn’t end up 3.being in your cart.” The porter，his face flushing with anger，retorted，“We are not thieves.But the problem is 4.Jack’s being injured in a car accident.Though he is badly injured，his wish is 5.to deliver your stuff to you.So I help Jack.” Upon 6.hearing that，the husband had tears in his eyes and the wife regretted 7.saying such sharp words to the porter.
作業2　Learning About Language
[分值：83.5分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共8小題；每小題1.5分，滿分12分)
1．What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more convincing(convince)．
2．I mean to take(take) part in the activity，and hence I wonder if you can join me.
3．The real problem is getting(get) to know the needs of the customers.
4．All the educators try their best to prevent the students from being lost(lose) in online games.
5．I wasn’t permitted to cycle(cycle) along the Mekong River together with my classmates，making me disappointed.
6．I still remember being employed(employ) by the company for the first time.
7．The incredible news that spread around her school was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university.
8．I was surprised at his/him(he) reacting to this matter with such a positive attitude.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共8小題；每小題3分，滿分24分)
1．穿這么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。
I couldn’t resist shaking with so few clothes on.
2．自他退休以來，他就一直夢想著沿絲綢之路旅行。
He has been dreaming of traveling along the Silk Road since he retired.
3．晚飯后你想和我一起出去散步嗎？
Do you feel like going out for a walk with me after supper
4．讓事情更糟糕的是他缺席了那次會議。
What made things worse was his/him being absent from the meeting.
5．他成功的秘訣在于用積極的方式對待失望和失敗。
The secret to his success is dealing with disappointment and failure in a positive way.
6．我很感激您幫助我克服如此多的困難。
I was grateful to you for helping me overcome so many difficulties.
7．我期待著被邀請參加晚會。
I am looking forward to being invited to attend the party.
8．毫無疑問，讓我感到羞愧的是我泄露了朋友的秘密。
There is no doubt that what made me ashamed was my leaking my friend’s secret.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2024·河北唐山高二上期末)
Words are powerful: they have the ability to lift up the lowest of the low or tear down the highest of the high.But a strong argument could be made that our body language is even more influential.The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.When these non-verbal signals are working together with our words，it creates communication synergy.
It has been suggested that two-thirds of our communication is non-verbal.Positive body language in a classroom setting has the ability to motivate，inspire and engage.It can not only give you the confidence you need to teach but can also inform your students that you actually know what you’re talking about.It can even make your students feel safe and confident enough to participate in the lessons more frequently.
Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence.Signals include standing tall，gesturing only from the waist up，head straight and forward，and talking while pointing to others，which are obvious ways to exercise control.But when teaching，the non-verbal signals need to show a different type of leader.These signals convey warmth and understanding，reminding your students that you are approachable and there to help them grow.For example，fix your eyes on one student for about 15－30 seconds before changing to another student，which is one of the best ways to keep students’ focus.Nod your head.Give the thumbs up! Show them they are on the right path and they will be more confident in continuing down it.
The importance of body language can never be ignored.It’s desirable that you should advocate using body language in teaching and pay attention to the use rule and using skills.You should use right，natural and clear body language.It’s crucial that you create good classroom atmosphere，inspire students’ imagination and grasp students’ mood.
1．What can we learn from paragraph 1
A．Words are more powerful than body language in conveying meaning.
B．Non-verbal cues account for only a minor part of the communication.
C．Teachers should focus on their verbal expressions rather than their body language.
D．Combining body language and spoken communication enhances teaching effectiveness.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段中“The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.When these non-verbal signals are working together with our words，it creates communication synergy.”可知，我們能從第一段中了解到肢體語言與口語交際相結合可增強教學效果。故選D。
2．What do most leadership positions mainly express
A．Warmth. B．Encouragement.
C．Understanding. D．Control.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中“Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence...to exercise control.”可知，大多數領導職位主要表現為控制。故選D。
3．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To give suggestions.
B．To make a description.
C．To explain a theory.
D．To summarize a debate.
答案　A
解析　寫作意圖題。根據最后一段中“It’s desirable that you should advocate using...pay attention to...You should use...It’s crucial that you create...mood.”可推斷出，最后一段的目的是給出建議，即建議教師在教學中重視并使用肢體語言。故選A。
4．What is the text mainly talking about
A．The value of teacher-student communication.
B．The effective ways of good communication.
C．The importance of teacher’s body language.
D．The prospect of students’ non-verbal learning.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.”和最后一段中“The importance of body language can never be ignored.”可知，文章主要介紹了教師肢體語言的重要性。故選C。
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·河北滄州高二上期中)
When we talk more broadly of body language，rather than good postures，we can actually see the effects it has on relationships right throughout the animal kingdom.In particular，body language is used to express power through expansive(擴張的) postures.
You might know about Amy Cuddy’s famous Ted Talk and her incredible insights on how posture changes our thoughts.Cuddy and her team study body language，particularly what they call “high-power” and “low-power” poses.
“High-power” poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes.Typical high-power poses are about opening up.You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.For example，bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs，put their hands behind their heads，and kick their feet up onto their desks.Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space.
Some even more recent studies took this even further: A study by researchers from Columbia and Harvard Universities showed that body language symbolizing power can actually affect our decision-making，unintentionally.The researchers measured the desire for risk of participants in either expansive，powerful poses or constricted(收縮的) poses.Those in the powerful poses not only felt more powerful and in control，but were 45% more likely to take risky actions.
“This isn’t about what your body language is communicating to others; it’s about what your body language is communicating to you.Your body language is changing your mind，which changes your behavior，which changes your outcomes，” said Cuddy.
So if you want to take advantage of the benefits of these poses to live a healthier and happier life，where should you start
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于“強勢姿態”和“弱勢姿態”的研究，特別是強勢姿態對人們的影響。
5．Which is probably a low-power pose according to the text
A．Standing with your legs open.
B．Sitting with hands crossed in the lap.
C．Arms raised in a “V” above the head.
D．Sitting with your arms spreading out on the chair.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space.”可推斷，手交叉放在腿上坐著，縮小自己占用的空間，屬于“低能量”姿勢。故選B。
6．What can we say about people in the expansive poses
A．They are hesitant.
B．They are very shy.
C．They feel out of control.
D．They feel more confident.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中“‘High-power’ poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes...You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.”可知，那些擺著擴張式的姿勢的人通常會感覺更加自信。故選D。
7．What is the text mainly about
A．The posture of confidence.
B．Cuddy’s research on behavior.
C．The surprising power of body language.
D．The research about decision-making.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其根據第一段末句以及第五段末句可知，文章講述了身體語言，特別是強勢姿態對人們的影響，即肢體語言的驚人力量。故選C。
8．What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A．How to correct bad habits.
B．How to improve your body language.
C．How posture affects your health.
D．Why good posture matters for employees.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。最后一段提出疑問——如果你想通過利用這些姿勢的好處過上更健康、更快樂的生活，應該從哪里開始呢？由此推知，接下來文章可能會討論如何改善肢體語言。故選B。
[詞匯積累] 1．insight n．洞察力 2．expand vt.& vi.擴大；增加 vt.擴展；發展(業務)→expansion n．擴大，擴張 3．risk n．危險，風險 v．冒……的危險→risky adj.有危險的，有風險的 take a risk/take risks冒險 at risk處于危險或風險之中 [句式分析] For example，bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs，put their hands behind their heads，and kick their feet up onto their desks. 分析：本句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，在從句中lean，put，kick是動作鏈描寫。 翻譯：例如，當老板們靠在椅子上，雙手放在腦后，把腳踢到桌子上時，他們就會做出強大的姿勢。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·浙江紹興高二上期末)
Body Language，Important Language
Have you ever noticed the big difference between someone’s behavior and his words Or have you ever failed to control your body on certain occasions as a result of nervousness Today let’s discuss how essential body language can be in our daily communication.
Studies have revealed that in the process of communication，non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text. 1
Emilie Suter，a senior student of EHL，believes that the significance of body language is reflected in the ability to help people in the process of communication. 2 Body language is the best explanation of the behavior psychology of individuals and groups.
3 Without proper body language，you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you cannot integrate with the external environment.Therefore，you should always pay attention to how people around you use body language to express their opinions—this allows you to accurately determine your next move.
Fidgeting(坐立不安) may mean that there is a lack of interaction between the two sides of the conversation. 4 Loich Batumba，vice president of the student council of EHL，says that he clearly remembers similar experiences：“At the time of my first interview，my interviewer and I barely communicated eye-to-eye，so I could clearly feel that there was a lack of interest between our conversations.”
How to establish a good personal impression is a topic that people have repeatedly discussed. 5 This has increased the importance of physical actions for us.
A．Body language varies from culture to culture.
B．Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C．In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D．This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”．
E．Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F．It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G．Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to judge others.
1．答案　D
解析　根據上文“Studies have revealed that in the process of communication，non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text.”可知，空格處作為本段最后一句，應總結上文，指出非語言表達的重要性。故D選項“這意味著‘怎么說’比‘說什么’更重要”符合語境，故選D。
2．答案　F
解析　根據上文“Emilie Suter，a senior student of EHL，believes that the significance of body language is reflected in the ability to help people in the process of communication.”可知，空格處應承接上文，指出肢體語言對于人們溝通的幫助和重要性。故F選項“它有助于人們更好地了解整體情況，從而做出調整”符合語境，故選F。
3．答案　C
解析　根據本段內容“Without proper body language，you may find yourself trapped in a circle...your next move.”可知，本段的主旨是強調肢體語言在日常生活中的重要性。故C選項“在實際情況中，肢體語言比你想象的重要得多”符合語境，故選C。
4．答案　E
解析　上文“Fidgeting(坐立不安) may mean that there is a lack of interaction between the two sides of the conversation.”提到坐立不安可能意味著談話雙方之間缺乏互動，下文“...‘At the time of my first interview，my interviewer and I barely communicated eye-to-eye，so I could clearly feel that there was a lack of interest between our conversations.’”提到沒有眼神交流表明對方對談話缺乏興趣，由此可知空格處應提到某種肢體語言意味著什么，故E選項“看其他方向可能意味著他或她不同意你的觀點”符合語境，故選E。
5．答案　G
解析　根據上文“How to establish a good personal impression is a topic that people have repeatedly discussed.”以及下文“This has increased the importance of physical actions for us.”可知，下文提到了某事增加了身體活動對我們的重要性，故空格處應說明這件事的具體內容，結合上文提到個人印象，推測本句與對別人的印象有關，故G選項“有趣的是，我們所看到的實際上是我們判斷別人最重要的標準”符合語境，故選G。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
Healthy eating is something 1. everyone knows they should do，but few of us do it as 2. (regular) as we would like.The purpose of this guide is 3. (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthily.
If you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks，because sugar is more a killer 4. fatty food.Beyond this，you can keep healthy by 5. (consume) different categories of fresh foods，especially fruit and vegetables，which 6. (be) full of vitamins and fibre，rather than 7. (process) foods.In addition，it is also important to include some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet，as they provide necessary protein for strong 8. (bone) and muscle growth.As with everything in life，moderation is crucial.The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much 9. too little of any one thing.Finally，a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly，allowing your body to digest your food better.
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food.It is up to you to decide 10._________ you want to live，and to make right decisions about your diet.
1．答案　that
解析　考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞something。先行詞為不定代詞，在定語從句中作賓語，所以只能用關系代詞that引導定語從句。故填that。
2．答案　regularly
解析　考查副詞?？仗幮栌酶痹~修飾動詞do。故填regularly。
3．答案　to share
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處需用動詞不定式作表語，解釋主語的具體內容。故填to share。
4．答案　than
解析　考查介詞。根據空前的more可知，此處是比較級結構，故填than。
5．答案　consuming
解析　考查非謂語動詞。by是介詞，后跟doing作賓語。故填consuming。
6．答案　are
解析　考查時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞fruit and vegetables，在定語從句中作主語。定語從句為主系表結構，本句描述一般事實，所以用一般現在時。主語為復數，所以be動詞用are。故填are。
7．答案　processed
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處作定語修飾后面的名詞foods。process與foods為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以要用其過去分詞形式。故填processed。
8．答案　bones
解析　考查名詞復數。bone為可數名詞，此處需用該名詞的復數形式表示泛指。故填bones。
9．答案　or
解析　考查連詞。空處需用并列連詞連接too much和too little。根據句意可知，本空前后為選擇關系，應用連詞or連接。故填or。
10．答案　how
解析　考查賓語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導賓語從句，在賓語從句中作方式狀語，表示“如何”，所以用how引導賓語從句。故填how。(共76張PPT)
Period 2
Learning About Language
Body language
Unit 4
內容索引
情境導讀
語法精講
作業2
達標檢測
情境導讀
閱讀以下短文，感知標注序號的部分在句中作什么成分
When the old man was young，he was fond of ①talking to the old people，for he found it was ②interesting.③Being attracted by his funny stories made some old people willingly talk with him.As a consequence，he became better at ④communicating with others.Later，he came to this city and his job was ⑤talking to some old people.He was very popular with the old and earned much money.This meant ⑥his/him being able to buy a small house，although he didn’t mind ⑦being forced to live in that old house.He enjoyed ⑧living in this city and never considered ⑨changing his job，because ⑩making up jokes to entertain the old people was an interesting thing for him.
1.在句中作主語的是______；
2.在句中作表語的是______；
3.在句中作賓語的是_____________，其中_____在句中作介詞的賓語，____是動名詞的復合結構作賓語，其構成是_________________________
________。
4.③⑦是動詞-ing形式的_______作主語和賓語，其結構是___________。
③⑩
②⑤
①④⑥⑦⑧⑨
①④
⑥
形容詞性物主代詞/賓格代詞
＋doing
被動式
being done
返 回
語法精講
一、v.-ing作賓語的用法
v.-ing形式可作動詞(短語)的賓語和介詞的賓語。
1.下列動詞(短語)只能用v.-ing形式作賓語，請牢記下面的口訣：
考慮建議盼原諒，承認推遲沒得想：consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon；admit，delay/put off，fancy
避免錯過繼續練，否認完成就欣賞：avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice；deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate
禁止想象才冒險，不禁介意準逃亡：forbid，imagine，risk；can’t help/resist，mind，allow/permit，escape
I have been looking forward to seeing you.我一直盼望見到你。
The student admitted being careless in doing homework.
這個學生承認做家庭作業粗心。
She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them.
她想象自己走進辦公室，對每個人說出自己對他們的看法。
He escaped being killed in the blast because he had not gone to work.
他因沒有去上班而避免了在那次爆炸中喪生。
2.只能接v.-ing形式作賓語的短語有：insist on，end up，feel like，succeed in，prevent/stop/keep/ban...from，devote/commit...to，pay attention to，be accustomed/used to，get down to，stick to，lead to，object to，be opposed to，admit to等。
They insisted on visiting that plant the next week.他們堅持下個星期參觀那家工廠。
I didn’t succeed in making myself understood by him.我沒能讓他理解我。
We should take effective measures to prevent our oceans from being polluted.
我們應該采取有效措施阻止我們的海洋受到污染。
3.下列句型中用v.-ing作賓語
(1)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time (in) ＋ doing sth做某事有困難/有麻煩/有問題/很難/開心
(2)spend/waste time (in) doing sth花費/浪費時間做某事
(3)when it comes to (doing) sth當談及(做)某事
I have difficulty adapting to the new environment.我很難適應新環境。
When it comes to learning English，I have some practical suggestions to share with you.
說到學習英語，我有一些實用的建議與你分享。
4.動詞need，require，want意為“需要”時，后跟動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語，意義沒有區別。
The problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.
這個問題需要馬上處理。
The building wants rewiring/to be rewired.這座樓房需要重新安裝電線。
5.在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語。
Our teacher does not allow cheating to go unpunished.我們的老師不允許作弊行為不受到懲罰。
They don’t permit scratching paint off the wall.他們不允許刮掉墻上的油漆。
注意：如果allow，advise，forbid，permit后有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名詞/代詞＋不定式(賓語補足語)”形式。
He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.他沒有因聽到這個消息而使自己過于煩惱。
6.有些動詞、動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有：
動詞 賓語的形式 意義
forget to do 忘記要做……
doing 忘記做過……
remember to do 記著要去做……
doing 記得做過……
regret to do 遺憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
動詞 賓語的形式 意義
try to do 盡力做……
doing 嘗試做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味著……
stop to do 停下來去做(另外一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接著做(另外一件事)
doing 接著做(同一件事)
I’ve always regretted making friends with him.我一直后悔和他交了朋友。
I regret to say that I can’t attend your party.很抱歉，我不能參加你們的聚會。
I tried sending her flowers but it didn’t have any effect.我嘗試送花給她，但是沒有什么效果。
We must try to get everything done in time.我們必須設法及時把一切做好。
7.動詞love，like，hate，prefer，start，begin，intend等后可跟v.-ing形式和不定式作賓語，但接v.-ing時表示經常性的情況，接不定式時表示具體的動作。
I like playing basketball.我喜歡打籃球。
I like to play basketball this afternoon.今天下午我想打籃球。
[即時訓練1]　單句語法填空
①To avoid __________(see) by the teacher，Tony stole into the classroom by the back door.
②Some of the children are shy and they have some trouble in __________
(make) friends.
③Have you thought about _________(build) a house in the countryside after retirement
④My father suggested ________(read) more books to make preparations for the approaching semester.
being seen
making
building
reading
⑤I am strongly opposed to ________(deal) with this matter in this way.
⑥I was allowed ___________(perform) the experiment on my own，which made me excited.
dealing
to perform
二、v.-ing作表語的用法
1.v.-ing作表語，往往具有形容詞的性質，說明主語的性質、特征等。常見的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...，這類分詞表示“令人……的”，常修飾物。
The argument is very convincing.
這個論點很令人信服。
Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演講很有趣而且很令人鼓舞。
注意：不定式和v.-ed形式也可作表語，但不定式通常強調一次性的、具體的、將要發生的動作。v.-ed形式作表語表示外因使之具備的性質和特征，意為“感到……的”。
My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼職工作。
I was disappointed at this decision.我對這個決定感到失望。
The child was frightened to see the dog.這個孩子害怕看到狗。
2.v.-ing作表語還可表示抽象性的或習慣性的動作，一般說明主語的內容。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。
[即時訓練2]　單句語法填空
①I thought that the book I borrowed from my best friend was very ________(excite).
②The adventure story was so ________(move) that I kept telling it to those around me over and over again.
③What students do at school is _________(learn) new knowledge.
④The argument referred to by the professional is _________(inspire).
exciting
moving
learning
inspiring
三、動名詞的復合結構作賓語和表語
動名詞的復合結構通常有四種形式：
1.形容詞性物主代詞＋動名詞；
2.名詞所有格＋動名詞；
3.代詞賓格＋動名詞；
4.名詞＋動名詞。
動名詞的復合結構作賓語時，其邏輯主語可用名詞所有格、名詞、物主代詞或代詞賓格；作表語時，其邏輯主語通常用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞。
What made all of us worried was his/Jack’s not getting to the station on time.
他/杰克沒有準時到車站讓我們所有人都很擔心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now？你介意我/杰克現在離開嗎？
[即時訓練3]　完成句子
①使我很興奮的是他的到來。
→What made me quite excited was ___________.
→I was quite excited at ___________.
②我無法想象瑪麗會嫁給這樣一個年輕人。
I can’t imagine _____________________________________.
his coming
his coming
Mary’s/Mary marrying such a young man
返 回
達標檢測
1.我們忙著為即將到來的考試做準備。
We employed ourselves in ____________________________.
2.我不得不承認：你說的話確實鼓舞人心。
I have to acknowledge that what you said __________________.
3.我很遺憾地告訴你，你的評估沒有達到我們的要求。
I _____________ you that your assessment hasn’t met our requirements.
4.很多人都建議制定更多規則以保護動物權益。
Many people have suggested ______________________________________
______.
preparing for the coming exam
Ⅰ.完成句子
was really inspiring
regret to tell
setting up more rules to protect animal
rights
5.很難想象他會不假思索就接受了這個決定。
It is difficult to imagine ____________________________ without any consideration.
6.我建議他每天記二十個英語單詞來擴大他的詞匯量。
I advise him ____________________________________________________
______________.
7.我不喜歡被母親誤解，這使我情緒低落。
I disliked ______________________________________________________
____________________，which put me in low spirits.
his/him accepting the decision
to memorize twenty English words every day to broaden
his vocabulary
being misunderstood by my mother/my mother’s misunderstanding me
憤怒的妻子大聲問一名搬運工：“那個賊在哪里？”搬運工很迷惑，立刻回答道：“杰克是我曾知道的最好的人。我們的工作是把顧客的東西安全地送給他們。”然而，妻子譏諷道：“你一定在撒謊，要不然我的東西不會在你的推車里?！?br/>Ⅱ.完成下列語段，盡可能多地使用本單元語法
The angry wife asked a porter in a loud voice，“Where is that thief？” The porter was 1._________ and responded at once，“Jack is the best guy I’ve ever known.Our job is 2.______________________________
___________.” However，the wife sneered，“You must be lying，or my stuff couldn’t end up 3._________________.”
confused
delivering customers’ things to
them safely
being in your cart
搬運工的臉氣得通紅，反駁道：“我們不是賊。但是問題是杰克在車禍中受傷了。盡管受傷嚴重，他的愿望是把你的東西送給你。因此我幫他?！币宦牭竭@番話，丈夫眼里含著淚水，妻子后悔對搬運工說如此刻薄的話。
The porter，his face flushing with anger，retorted，“We are not thieves.But the problem is 4._________________________________.Though he is badly injured，his wish is 5.________________________.So I help Jack.” Upon 6.____________，the husband had tears in his eyes and the wife regretted 7.__________________________________.
Jack’s being injured in a car accident
to deliver your stuff to you
返 回
hearing that
saying such sharp words to the porter
作業2
1.What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more _______________
(convince).
2.I mean _______(take) part in the activity，and hence I wonder if you can join me.
3.The real problem is _______(get) to know the needs of the customers.
4.All the educators try their best to prevent the students from __________
(lose) in online games.
5.I wasn’t permitted ________(cycle) along the Mekong River together with my classmates，making me disappointed.
convincing
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
to take
getting
being lost
to cycle
6.I still remember _______________(employ) by the company for the first time.
7.The incredible news that spread around her school was her __________
_________(admit) to her dream university.
8.I was surprised at ________(he) reacting to this matter with such a positive attitude.
being employed
being
his/him
admitted
1.穿這么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。
I couldn’t resist ____________________________.
2.自他退休以來，他就一直夢想著沿絲綢之路旅行。
He has been dreaming of _______________________________________.
3.晚飯后你想和我一起出去散步嗎？
Do you feel like _____________________________________
4.讓事情更糟糕的是他缺席了那次會議。
What made things worse was __________________________________.
Ⅱ.完成句子
shaking with so few clothes on
traveling along the Silk Road since he retired
going out for a walk with me after supper
his/him being absent from the meeting
5.他成功的秘訣在于用積極的方式對待失望和失敗。
The secret to his success is ________________________________________
____________.
6.我很感激您幫助我克服如此多的困難。
I was grateful to you for _____________________________________.
7.我期待著被邀請參加晚會。
I am looking forward to ______________________________.
8.毫無疑問，讓我感到羞愧的是我泄露了朋友的秘密。
There is no doubt that what made me ashamed was __________________
______________.
dealing with disappointment and failure in a
positive way
helping me overcome so many difficulties
being invited to attend the party
my leaking my
friend’s secret
A
(2024·河北唐山高二上期末)
Words are powerful: they have the ability to lift up the lowest of the low or tear down the highest of the high.But a strong argument could be made that our body language is even more influential.The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.When these non-verbal signals are working together with our words，it creates communication synergy.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了教師肢體語言的重要性。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
It has been suggested that two-thirds of our communication is non-verbal.Positive body language in a classroom setting has the ability to motivate，inspire and engage.It can not only give you the confidence you need to teach but can also inform your students that you actually know what you’re talking about.It can even make your students feel safe and confident enough to participate in the lessons more frequently.
Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence.Signals include standing tall，gesturing only from the waist up，head straight and forward，and talking while pointing to others，which are obvious ways to exercise control.But when teaching，the non-verbal signals need to show a different type of leader.These signals convey warmth and understanding，reminding your students that you are approachable and there to help them grow.For example，fix your eyes on one student for about 15－30 seconds before changing to another student，which is one of the best ways to keep students’ focus.Nod your head.Give the thumbs up! Show them they are on the right path and they will be more confident in continuing down it.
The importance of body language can never be ignored.It’s desirable that you should advocate using body language in teaching and pay attention to the use rule and using skills.You should use right，natural and clear body language.It’s crucial that you create good classroom atmosphere，inspire students’ imagination and grasp students’ mood.
1.What can we learn from paragraph 1
A.Words are more powerful than body language in conveying meaning.
B.Non-verbal cues account for only a minor part of the communication.
C.Teachers should focus on their verbal expressions rather than their
body language.
D.Combining body language and spoken communication enhances
teaching effectiveness.
√
細節理解題。根據第一段中“The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.When these non-verbal signals are working together with our words，it creates communication synergy.”可知，我們能從第一段中了解到肢體語言與口語交際相結合可增強教學效果。故選D。
解析
2.What do most leadership positions mainly express
A.Warmth. B.Encouragement.
C.Understanding. D.Control.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中“Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence...to exercise control.”可知，大多數領導職位主要表現為控制。故選D。
解析
3.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To give suggestions.
B.To make a description.
C.To explain a theory.
D.To summarize a debate.
寫作意圖題。根據最后一段中“It’s desirable that you should advocate using...pay attention to...You should use...It’s crucial that you create...mood.”可推斷出，最后一段的目的是給出建議，即建議教師在教學中重視并使用肢體語言。故選A。
解析
√
4.What is the text mainly talking about
A.The value of teacher-student communication.
B.The effective ways of good communication.
C.The importance of teacher’s body language.
D.The prospect of students’ non-verbal learning.
√
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.”和最后一段中“The importance of body language can never be ignored.”可知，文章主要介紹了教師肢體語言的重要性。故選C。
解析
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·河北滄州高二上期中)
When we talk more broadly of body language，rather than good postures，we can actually see the effects it has on relationships right throughout the animal kingdom.In particular，body language is used to express power through expansive(擴張的) postures.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于“強勢姿態”和“弱勢姿態”的研究，特別是強勢姿態對人們的影響。
You might know about Amy Cuddy’s famous Ted Talk and her incredible insights on how posture changes our thoughts.Cuddy and her team study body language，particularly what they call “high-power” and “low-power” poses.
“High-power” poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes.Typical high-power poses are about opening up.You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.For example，bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs，
put their hands behind their heads，and kick their feet up onto their desks.Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space.
Some even more recent studies took this even further: A study by researchers from Columbia and Harvard Universities showed that body language symbolizing power can actually affect our decision-making，unintentionally.The researchers measured the desire for risk of participants in either expansive，powerful poses or constricted(收縮的) poses.Those in the powerful poses not only felt more powerful and in control，but were 45% more likely to take risky actions.
“This isn’t about what your body language is communicating to others; it’s about what your body language is communicating to you.Your body language is changing your mind，which changes your behavior，which changes your outcomes，” said Cuddy.
So if you want to take advantage of the benefits of these poses to live a healthier and happier life，where should you start
5.Which is probably a low-power pose according to the text
A.Standing with your legs open.
B.Sitting with hands crossed in the lap.
C.Arms raised in a “V” above the head.
D.Sitting with your arms spreading out on the chair.
√
推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space.”可推斷，手交叉放在腿上坐著，縮小自己占用的空間，屬于“低能量”姿勢。故選B。
解析
6.What can we say about people in the expansive poses
A.They are hesitant.
B.They are very shy.
C.They feel out of control.
D.They feel more confident.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中“‘High-power’ poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes...You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.”可知，那些擺著擴張式的姿勢的人通常會感覺更加自信。故選D。
解析
7.What is the text mainly about
A.The posture of confidence.
B.Cuddy’s research on behavior.
C.The surprising power of body language.
D.The research about decision-making.
主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其根據第一段末句以及第五段末句可知，文章講述了身體語言，特別是強勢姿態對人們的影響，即肢體語言的驚人力量。故選C。
解析
√
8.What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A.How to correct bad habits.
B.How to improve your body language.
C.How posture affects your health.
D.Why good posture matters for employees.
√
推理判斷題。最后一段提出疑問——如果你想通過利用這些姿勢的好處過上更健康、更快樂的生活，應該從哪里開始呢？由此推知，接下來文章可能會討論如何改善肢體語言。故選B。
解析
1.insight n.洞察力
2.expand vt.& vi.擴大；增加 vt.擴展；發展(業務)→expansion n.擴大，擴張
3.risk n.危險，風險 v.冒……的危險→risky adj.有危險的，有風險的
take a risk/take risks冒險
at risk處于危險或風險之中
詞匯積累
For example，bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs，put their hands behind their heads，and kick their feet up onto their desks.
分析：本句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，在從句中lean，put，kick是動作鏈描寫。
翻譯：例如，當老板們靠在椅子上，雙手放在腦后，把腳踢到桌子上時，他們就會做出強大的姿勢。
句式分析
(2024·浙江紹興高二上期末)
Body Language，Important Language
Have you ever noticed the big difference between someone’s behavior and his words Or have you ever failed to control your body on certain occasions as a result of nervousness Today let’s discuss how essential body language can be in our daily communication.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了肢體語言的重要性。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
Studies have revealed that in the process of communication，non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text. 1
A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to
judge others.
√
根據上文“Studies have revealed that in the process of communication，non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text.”可知，空格處作為本段最后一句，應總結上文，指出非語言表達的重要性。故D選項“這意味著‘怎么說’比‘說什么’更重要”符合語境，故選D。
解析
Emilie Suter，a senior student of EHL，believes that the significance of body language is reflected in the ability to help people in the process of communication. 2 Body language is the best explanation of the behavior psychology of individuals and groups.
A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to
judge others.
√
根據上文“Emilie Suter，a senior student of EHL，believes that the significance of body language is reflected in the ability to help people in the process of communication.”可知，空格處應承接上文，指出肢體語言對于人們溝通的幫助和重要性。故F選項“它有助于人們更好地了解整體情況，從而做出調整”符合語境，故選F。
解析
3 Without proper body language，you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you cannot integrate with the external environment.
A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to
judge others.
√
根據本段內容“Without proper body language，you may find yourself trapped in a circle...your next move.”可知，本段的主旨是強調肢體語言在日常生活中的重要性。故C選項“在實際情況中，肢體語言比你想象的重要得多”符合語境，故選C。
解析
Therefore，you should always pay attention to how people around you use body language to express their opinions—this allows you to accurately determine your next move.
Fidgeting(坐立不安) may mean that there is a lack of interaction between the two sides of the conversation. 4 Loich Batumba，vice president of the student council of EHL，says that he clearly remembers similar experiences：“At the time of my first interview，my interviewer and I barely communicated eye-to-eye，so I could clearly feel that there was a lack of interest between our conversations.”
A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to judge others.
√
上文“Fidgeting(坐立不安) may mean that there is a lack of interaction between the two sides of the conversation.”提到坐立不安可能意味著談話雙方之間缺乏互動，下文“...‘At the time of my first interview，my interviewer and I barely communicated eye-to-eye，so I could clearly feel that there was a lack of interest between our conversations.’”提到沒有眼神交流表明對方對談話缺乏興趣，由此可知空格處應提到某種肢體語言意味著什么，故E選項“看其他方向可能意味著他或她不同意你的觀點”符合語境，故選E。
解析
How to establish a good personal impression is a topic that people have repeatedly discussed. 5 This has increased the importance of physical actions for us.
A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course，some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations，body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly，what we see is actually the most important standard for us to
judge others.
√
根據上文“How to establish a good personal impression is a topic that people have repeatedly discussed.”以及下文“This has increased the importance of physical actions for us.”可知，下文提到了某事增加了身體活動對我們的重要性，故空格處應說明這件事的具體內容，結合上文提到個人印象，推測本句與對別人的印象有關，故G選項“有趣的是，我們所看到的實際上是我們判斷別人最重要的標準”符合語境，故選G。
解析
Healthy eating is something 1. everyone knows they should do，
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了健康飲食的一些實用策略。
that
考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞something。先行詞為不定代詞，在定語從句中作賓語，所以只能用關系代詞that引導定語從句。故填that。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
but few of us do it as 2. (regular) as we would like.The purpose of this guide is 3. (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthily.
regularly
2.考查副詞?？仗幮栌酶痹~修飾動詞do。故填regularly。
3.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處需用動詞不定式作表語，解釋主語的具體內容。故填to share。
解析
to share
If you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks，because sugar is more a killer 4. fatty food. Beyond this，you can keep healthy by 5. (consume) different categories of fresh foods，
than
4.考查介詞。根據空前的more可知，此處是比較級結構，故填than。
5.考查非謂語動詞。by是介詞，后跟doing作賓語。故填consuming。
解析
consuming
especially fruit and vegetables，which 6._____(be) full of vitamins and fibre，rather than 7.__________(process) foods. In addition，it is also important to include some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet，
are
6.考查時態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞fruit and vegetables，在定語從句中作主語。定語從句為主系表結構，本句描述一般事實，所以用一般現在時。主語為復數，所以be動詞用are。故填are。
7.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處作定語修飾后面的名詞foods。process與foods為邏輯上的動賓關系，所以要用其過去分詞形式。故填processed。
解析
processed
as they provide necessary protein for strong 8. (bone) and muscle growth.As with everything in life，moderation is crucial.The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much 9. too little of any one thing.Finally，a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly，allowing your body to digest your food better.
bones
8.考查名詞復數。bone為可數名詞，此處需用該名詞的復數形式表示泛指。故填bones。
9.考查連詞?？仗幮栌貌⒘羞B詞連接too much和too little。根據句意可知，本空前后為選擇關系，應用連詞or連接。故填or。
解析
or
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food.It is up to you to decide 10._____ you want to live，and to make right decisions about your diet.
how
考查賓語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導賓語從句，在賓語從句中作方式狀語，表示“如何”，所以用how引導賓語從句。故填how。
解析
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