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Period 4　Using Language
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Skim the text to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
答案　(1)Crashes　(2)absence　(3)provided　(4)resist
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1．Why do many people oppose driverless cars
A．Because they think driverless mode is risky.
B．Because they are the families of the deceased.
C．Because they consider technology unnecessary.
D．Because the company didn’t apologise for the accident.
答案　A
2．What can we learn from the Amish
A．They are curious about the outside.
B．They want to live in large and polluted cities.
C．They live happily without new technology.
D．They desire to follow the lives of the rich and famous.
答案　C
3．How does the author support his ideas in paragraph 3
A．By listing examples.
B．By doing experiments.
C．By using exact figures.
D．By performing surveys.
答案　A
4．What’s the main idea of the text
A．New technology has offered people many advantages.
B．Opinions are divided on the benefits of new technology.
C．Numerous people lead a happy life without new technology.
D．People are to travel by driverless car in spite of car accidents.
答案　B
5．Why did the author determine to write about the topic
A．Because he was keen on driverless cars.
B．Because he doubted advanced technology.
C．Because he was in favor of the families of the deceased.
D．Because he wanted to reflect on what he read in a newspaper.
答案　D
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．公眾 the public
2．開發無人駕駛汽車 develop driverless cars
3．停止接受技術 cease accepting technology
4．因……道歉 apologise for
5．死者 the deceased
6．一方面……另一方面…… on the one hand...on the other hand...
7．在沒有……的情況下 in the absence of
8．在遙遠的將來 in the distant future
9．倡導簡單的生活 advocate a simple life
10．在意，關心 care about
11．生活質量 quality of life
12．欣賞自然環境 appreciate the natural environment
13．而不是 rather than
14．提供給某人某物 provide sb with sth
15．潛在的自然災害 potential natural disaster
16．保持聯系 keep in touch
17．即使 even if
18．允許某人做某事 allow sb to do sth
19．社交媒體 social media
20．受益于 benefit from
21．技術進步 technological advance
22．一個可怕的前景 a scary prospect
23．旁觀，看待 look on
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，that引導賓語從句，developing driverless cars是動詞-ing形式作介詞of的賓語。
[漢語翻譯] 在這篇報道中，多位人士表示公眾應該反對發展無人駕駛汽車這一想法。
2．Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，because引導原因狀語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 所以，我們應停止僅僅因為技術是新的就接受它。
3．The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是but連接的并列復合句，第一個分句中含有that引導的賓語從句，第二個分句中含有省略that的賓語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 該報稱汽車公司已經為此次事故道歉，但是死者家屬表示這還不夠。
4．On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，who live happily...是定語從句，修飾先行詞many different groups of people。
[漢語翻譯] 一方面，世界上有許多不同群體的人，在沒有新技術的情況下依然過著幸福的生活。
5.Probably the most well-known are the Amish，a group of Christians living in rural America.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是倒裝句，a group of Christians...是the Amish的同位語，living in rural America是動詞-ing形式作定語。
[漢語翻譯] 也許最廣為人知的要數阿曼門諾派——生活在美國鄉村的一個基督教群體。
6．It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句。it是形式主語，that引導真正的主語從句，其中since引導原因狀語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 甚至有人認為，阿曼門諾派的生活質量更高，因為他們生活在自然的環境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染嚴重的大城市里。
7．For example，the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.(P20 Para.3)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，which saves many lives是非限制性定語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 例如，最新的追蹤天氣的計算機程序為人們提供潛在自然災害的種種預警，挽救了許多生命。
8．It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.(P20 Para.3)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，as引導原因狀語從句，using social media是動詞-ing形式作介詞through的賓語。
[漢語翻譯] 互聯網還使人們在生活中更加容易找到機會，因為它讓人們能夠通過社交媒體建立更大的朋友圈。
9．My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.(P20 Para.4)
[結構分析] 此句是復合句，which I wear all the time是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞health monitor。
[漢語翻譯] 我一直隨身佩戴的健康監護儀也幫助我達到了生活中的最佳狀態。
oppose vt.反對；抵制；阻撓；反抗；與(某人)較量(opposed adj.反對的；截然不同的 opposite adj.相反的；對面的 prep.在……對面opposition n．反對)
[教材原句P20]In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在這篇報道中，多位人士表示公眾應該反對發展無人駕駛汽車這一想法。
[北師大版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 9]So a very rare disease will have a low baseline and just a few cases of it in one place will be classified as an epidemic；as opposed to more common diseases，such as the flu，that have a higher baseline.罕見疾病的基線很低，即使某一地區只出現少數病例，也會被認定為流行病；與此相反，常見疾病的基線較高，如流感。
·oppose (doing) sth 反對(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反對某人做某事 ·be opposed to反對…… as opposed to (doing) sth [表示對比]而；相對于
(1)After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in the opposite(oppose) direction in anger.
(2)Unexpectedly，the professor’s proposal met with strong opposition(oppose) at yesterday’s meeting.
(3)I shouted angrily，“I employ you to work as opposed to just sitting(sit)！”
[寫作佳句]
(4)(應用文寫作之求助信)我父母反對我選文科，這使我情緒低落，因此，你可以給我一些建議嗎？
My parents oppose me/my choosing arts/are opposed to me/my choosing arts，which puts me in low spirits and hence，could you be kind enough to offer me some tips
absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席(absent adj.缺席；不存在；缺乏)
[教材原句P20]On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有許多不同群體的人，在沒有新技術的情況下依然過著幸福的生活。
[譯林版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 2]Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.由于太空中近乎沒有重力，我們必須把我們自己固定住，才不會四處漂浮。
·in one’s absence某人不在的時候 in the absence of在沒有……的情況下；由于缺乏 ·be absent from缺席，不在
(1)He gave us a warning that we would be punished if we were absent from the coming meeting.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(讀后續寫之情緒描寫)她的丈夫不在時，簡是如此害怕以至于她坐在地上，淚水模糊了雙眼。
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband，so frightened was Jane that she sat down on the ground，with tears clouding her eyes.
advocate vt.提倡；支持；擁護 n．提倡者；支持者；擁護者
[教材原句P20]They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.
他們提倡簡樸的生活，強調實干、家庭和社區。
[北師大版必修第二冊Unit 6]Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.里夫成為脊背受傷和殘疾人士的熱情而積極的支持者，他為醫學研究籌集了數百萬美元的支持。
·advocate (doing) sth 提倡/主張(做)某事 advocate that...(should) do...主張/提倡…… ·an advocate for/of...……的支持者/擁護者
(1)There is no doubt that this remarkable professor is an advocate for/of the meaningful activity.
(2)I strongly advocate combining(combine) theory with practice in our routine scientific research.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(話題寫作之環境保護)隨著世界環境日的臨近，我倡議做好分內事來保護環境。
With World Environment Day approaching，I advocate doing our part/advocate that we (should) do our part to protect the environment.
keep in touch(with...) (與……)保持聯系；了解(某課題或領域的情況)
[教材原句P20]Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互聯網使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能輕松保持聯系。
be in touch with與……有聯系(狀態) be out of touch with與……失去聯系(狀態) get in touch with與……取得聯系(動作) lose touch with與……失去聯系(動作)
(1)We lost touch with each other ten years ago.Hence，we have been(be) out of touch for ten years.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(2024·天津3月，書面表達)俗話說：“嘗梨才知其味。”我強烈建議你訪問中國，親身了解這些進步。
As an old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.” I highly recommend that you visit China and keep in touch with these advances first-hand.
(3)(讀后續寫之情緒描寫)和他的童年的朋友杰克聯系上之后，湯姆是如此激動，淚水順著臉龐流淌。
After getting in touch with his childhood friend，Jack，Tom was so excited that tears flowed down his face.
resist vt.& vi.抵制；反抗；抵擋(resistance n．抵制；抗拒；反對resistant adj.抵制的，阻止的；有抵抗力的)
[教材原句P20]Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我將始終著眼于變革的積極一面，接受變革，而不是抗拒變革。
·resist doing sth 抵制做某事 can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事 ·be resistant to對……有抵抗力；抵制……
(1)With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students strongly resist switching(switch) off the air conditioner.
＝With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students are strongly resistant(resist) to switching off the air conditioner.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(2023·浙江1月，讀后續寫)窗戶邊的聲音引起了我的注意，我忍不住踮著腳走(tiptoe)上前看看發生了什么事。
A noise at the window caught my attention and I couldn’t resist tiptoeing forward to see what was happening.
動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語
[教材原句P20]Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互聯網使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能輕松保持聯系。
[結構分析] 此句是復合句。主句the Internet has made it possible...easily 中的it是形式賓語，possible是賓語補足語，不定式復合結構for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的賓語；even if引導讓步狀語從句。
“動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語”結構也叫 “6123結構”： “6”指常用的六個動詞：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel； “1”指形式賓語it； “2”指賓語補足語的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞； “3”指真正賓語的三種形式：不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)、that引導的賓語從句。 注意：真正賓語為動名詞(短語)只限于少數賓語補足語為no good，useless，no use，senseless或worthwhile等的情況。在多數情況下真正賓語為不定式(短語)。
(1)(2021·新課標Ⅰ，應用文寫作)我認為每天讀半小時英文報Youth對我們學生來說非常有用。因此，我養成了每天讀它的習慣。
I think/consider it quite useful for us students to read the English newspaper Youth for half an hour on a daily basis.As a consequence，I make it a rule to read it every day.
(2)(2024·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續寫)Gunter面帶微笑地說：“我覺得幫助有困難的人是我的責任。”
Gunter said，with a smile on his face，“I feel it my duty/responsibility to help others in trouble/that I should help others in trouble.”
(3)(2023·新課標Ⅰ，應用文寫作)我相信將學生隨機配對進行課后英語口語訓練是沒有好處的。
I believe it no good randomly pairing students up for the spoken English training after class.
the way作先行詞的定語從句
[教材原句P20]Of course，when new technology changes the way we live，it can be a scary prospect.
當然，當新技術改變我們的生活方式時，它可能會產生出一個讓人擔驚受怕的前景。
[結構分析] 此句是復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，其中we live是省略了that/in which的定語從句，修飾先行詞the way；本句的主句it can be a scary prospect是“主系表”結構。
·the way作先行詞的定語從句中，當關系詞在定語從句中作方式狀語時，用that或in which引導都可以，且現代英語傾向于省略關系詞； ·the way作先行詞的定語從句中，當關系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，用that或which引導均可，作賓語時可省略關系詞。
(1)(2023·全國乙，書面表達)我寫信是想告訴你小籠包的制作方法，這是我在暑假里學到的新技能。
I am writing to tell you the way (that/in which) Xiaolongbao is made and this is the new skill I have learnt during the summer vacation.
(2)(應用文寫作之求助信)你能給我提供一種容易操作的方法嗎？
Could you be kind enough to offer me a way that/which is easy to operate
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.品句猜詞
1．Clinton was seen as a strong advocate for a variety of educational improvements.n.支持者，提倡者
2．There is every prospect of the weather remaining dry this week.n.可能性
3．Attempts to modify the curriculum have met with strong resistance in many colleges.n.抵制
Ⅱ.單詞拼寫
1．Could you please give the accurate translation of the long sentence in this extract？
2．I can’t lay emphasis on the importance of artificial intelligence too much.
3.In this sense，she gave up a promising career in advertising in order to look after her children.
4.Nevertheless，the authors point out that their study was done in a rural(鄉村的) area and results may differ with urban clients.
5．The following paragraphs(段落) suggest what potential privileges our users will be assigned.
6．The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry.Hence(因此)，factory location is a crucial consideration.
Ⅲ.單句語法填空
1．I couldn’t resist having(have) a look at the new signpost there.
2.Apparently the mother took advantage of the children’s absence(absent) to tidy their rooms.
3．He gradually forgot the accident and set about talking about his occupation(occupy)．
4．It is easy to keep in touch with the friends in the academy due to the Internet.
5．Opposed(oppose) to my buying the new device，my father didn’t give me any money.
6．It is acknowledged that innovation(innovate) plays an important part in social progress.
Ⅳ.課文語法填空
The article with the shocking headline—“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”—1.caused(cause) great concern among various people.2.Opposed(oppose) to the idea of developing driverless cars，some people said some achievements in technology were 3.unnecessary(necessary) and could even be dangerous.The car company apologised 4.for the accident，but claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.On the one hand，many different groups of people live 5.happily(happy) in the absence of new technology.The most well-known are the Amish,6.who live mainly as farmers and advocate a simple life with 7.an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.On the other hand，people everywhere have benefited a lot from new technology over the years.For example，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family 8.to keep(keep) in touch conveniently even if they are on opposite sides of the world.Personally speaking，technological 9.advances(advance) are good for me.So I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it instead of 10.resisting(resist) it.
作業4　Using Language
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.短語填空(共6小題；每小題2.5分，滿分15分)
1．He sincerely apologised for(因為……道歉) the mistake he had made and I readily accepted his apology.
2．Everyone cares about(在意) his/her education and hence，each person is committed to studying.
3．We have kept in touch(保持聯系) for ten years；we share happiness and sorrow with one another.
4．In the absence of(在沒有……的情況下) water，plants would not grow well.
5．I constantly participate in extra-curricular activities and I have benefited from(受益于) them.
6．My parents have taught me not to look on(旁觀) whenever I encounter some accidents.
Ⅱ.主題微寫作——文明網民(滿分15分)
(應用文寫作之倡議書)
1．為了創建友好的網絡環境，我強烈提倡做文明網民。(advocate)
In order to create a friendly network environment，I strongly advocate being civilized netizens.
2．由于網絡上有各種各樣的信息，我反對學生瀏覽不好的網頁。(oppose)
With various kinds of information on the Internet，I oppose students’/students browsing bad web pages.
3．許多學生每天都忙于上網，以至于他們覺得上學很無聊。(動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語)
Many students are so occupied in surfing the Internet every day that they find it boring to attend school.
4．一些學生甚至忍不住在一座陌生的城市見網友，這有可能導致一些意外的后果。(resist)
Some students even can’t resist meeting net friends in a strange city，which may bring about some unexpected consequences.
5．總之，我相信強調網絡安全的重要性是非常必要的。(believe it＋adj.＋to do；emphasis)
To sum up，I believe it quite necessary to lay emphasis on the importance of network security.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
AI has advanced significantly over the years.However，its current models largely disregard human psychology，such as emotional intelligence.
“The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das，associate professor at Penn State.“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(復制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”
Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence.While hunger is the physiological drive to eat，our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste.As Das explains，even when one is not hungry，the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat，rather than a piece of meat.
To grasp the intricacies(錯綜復雜的細節) of taste，Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue，which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain’s gustatory cortex(味覺皮層)．In this brain region，complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste.To imitate this，the team created an electronic “tongue”．
This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics，from sweet and salty to umami(鮮味)．Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.
The team’s immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue’s capacity.“We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors(味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others，which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das.“The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster.Perhaps in the future，we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.”
Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了為了讓人工智能更好地具備情商，研究人員創造了一種電子“舌頭”。這項技術可以用來識別主要的味道特征，從甜、咸到鮮味。
1．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A．It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent.
B．It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent.
C．Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe.
D．Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段最后兩句“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(復制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”可知，讓機器人具有情商是很困難的。故選B。
2．What might this electronic tongue be applied to in the future
A．Evaluating people’s diet plans.
B．Designing a healthier diet plan for people.
C．Correcting people’s poor dietary preferences.
D．Helping restaurants serve customers better.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據倒數第三段末句“Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，這種電子“舌頭”將來會幫助餐館更好地為顧客服務。故選D。
3．What is the team’s plan according to the last two paragraphs
A．Improving people’s taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue.
B．Making the electronic tongue available for everyone.
C．Bringing all the human senses into the AI system.
D．Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI’s innovation.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據最后一段“Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，團隊的計劃是將人類的所有感官引入人工智能系統。故選C。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI.
B．The advantage of the “electronic tongue”．
C．The future development trend of AI.
D．The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意題。根據全文，尤其是第一、四、五段可知，這篇文章的主要內容是研究人員將情商引入人工智能的進展。故選A。
B (此篇精讀)
(2025·浙江臺州高二上期中)
Shortly after ChatGPT was released，in early 2023，a freelance writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI，because it could write content for free.But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to “rewrite” the AI-generated text.This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.The problem is a culture that devalues human labor(勞動)．
With the release of new AI applications，discussions about the future of work are back in full force.A recent study looked at professions in the United States，from poets to financial managers，predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI.But our precious experience with automation suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.
In 2019，independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.Most importantly，Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks，which helped accommodate and employ the “automated” technology，were often undervalued or even invisible.
The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.As jobs get disrupted and people’s livelihoods are threatened，it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason，whether you’re an expert or an employer.But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.It’s a big thing to change，but it’s not set in stone.And that’s the real “robots and jobs” conversation we need to be having.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是人工智能對未來工作的影響——人工智能并不會奪走我們的工作，而是會改變工作的性質。
5．What does the underlined word “slashed” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Created. B．Improved.
C．Reduced. D．Removed.
答案　C
解析　詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text.”可知，技術減少了他的薪水，因此slash的意思是“減少”，和reduce意思相近，故選C。
6．What did Mateescu and Elish find
A．Automated technology was taking away almost all jobs.
B．New advanced devices were being integrated in various jobs.
C．Humans were still needed to take care of AI-generated problems.
D．Humans couldn’t understand the real value in their own jobs.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.”可知，Mateescu和Elish發現人類仍然需要處理人工智能產生的問題。故選C。
7．What’s the main cause of the deskilling and devaluing of labor
A．The introduction of robots.
B．The nature of jobs.
C．The change of workers.
D．The attitude to labor.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.”和“But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.”可知，勞動力低技能化和貶值的主要原因是社會對待勞動的態度。故選D。
8．What’s the best title for the text
A．Work Gets Deskilled by Robots
B．Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs
C．A Promising Future：Humans and Robots
D．A Wanted Conversation：Humans and Robots
答案　B
解析　標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段末句和第三段第二句可知，本文主要論述的是人工智能對未來工作的影響——它不會奪走我們的工作，而是會改變工作的性質，因此最好的題目是B選項(機器人不會搶走我們的工作)。故選B。
[詞匯積累] 1．release vt.&n.排放；釋放；發布 2．complicated adj.復雜的；難懂的 3．counter to與……相反 4．invisible adj.看不見的；無形的→visible adj.看得見的；可見的→visibility n．能見度；可見性 [句式分析] 1．This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI. 分析：此句包含句型：That/This/It is the first time that...(that從句用現在完成時)；That/This/It was the first time that...(that從句用過去完成時) 翻譯：技術大幅度削減了工資卻沒有完全取代人的工作，這不是第一次了，真正的問題并不是人工智能。 2．Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. 分析：此句為復合句。句中第一個that引導同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內容；第二個that引導賓語從句。 翻譯：與人們普遍認為這項技術減少了對人力需求的想法相反，研究人員亞歷山德拉·馬泰斯庫和瑪德琳·克萊爾·埃利什發現，引入新設備主要是在改變工作的性質。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·浙江杭州高二上期末)
In a world where technology is king，hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality. 1 These include VR，AR，MR，XR and the list goes on.
Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR)，and understandably so.Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result，it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not. 2 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.
However，AR and VR can be quite different in many ways.The main difference lies in the mode of delivery.Simply put，VR “transports” the user to another world，by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality. 3
AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see. 4 While AR may be less immersive than VR，the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games.Moreover，since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets，it is more accessible.
VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 5 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future，but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess.
A．VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B．In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C．In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D．However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E．For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F．They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G．It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into existence.
1．答案　G
解析　根據本段上下文可知，此處承接上文，說明跟上科技進步很困難，因為新科技產品不斷在出現，并對應下文列舉的帶有“R”的單詞。G選項“跟上已經出現的這些‘R’的步伐也變得越來越困難”切題。故選G。
2．答案　C
解析　根據下文“Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.”可知，VR和AR技術很相似。C選項“簡而言之，VR和AR的核心是兩種非常相似的技術”切題。故選C。
3．答案　E
解析　根據上文“Simply put，VR ‘transports’ the user to another world，by ‘replacing’ the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality.”可知，此處承接上文，具體舉例說明VR的特點。E選項“例如，它可以讓用戶感覺自己好像在墜落，從而引發恐懼”切題。故選E。
4．答案　B
解析　根據上文“AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see.”可知，此處承接上文說明實際的情況。B選項“事實上，它通過數字圖像增強了現實”切題。故選B。
5．答案　D
解析　根據本段上下文可知，此處與上文為轉折關系，說明雖然VR和AR對很多消費者來說還很陌生，但它們已經開始產生影響。D選項“然而，它們已經開始撼動游戲世界”切題。故選D。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
From robots delivering coffee to office chairs rearranging 1. (they) after a meeting，a smart city project in China aims to put artificial intelligence 2. charge.
In 2020，Danish architecture firm BIG and Chinese tech company Terminus 3. (discuss) plans to build an AI-run campus-style development in the southwestern Chinese city of Chongqing during 4. online global tech conference.
The project,5. (name) Cloud Valley，plans to use sensors and wi-fi-connected devices to gather data on everything from weather and pollution to people’s eating habits to meet residents’ needs 6. (automatic)，said Terminus.
Cities around the world are racing to embrace technology to improve urban life by collecting data to address problems like traffic jams and crime.More than 500 smart cities are being built across China 7. (promote) growth in a global economic downturn.The city，which includes offices，homes，public spaces and self-driving cars 8. move around under the watchful eye of AI，is due for completion in a few years，according to Terminus.
Yet，like other smart cities，its tech-driven approach has raised privacy concerns.
“Isn’t all of this a little 9. (frighten)？” asked a conference-goer.Another attendee said smart cities risked becoming a threat to human rights if 10. (company) and governments didn’t take steps to limit surveillance(監視) and ensure inclusivity.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了一個完全由人工智能管理的智慧城市項目“云谷”。
1．答案　themselves
解析　考查代詞。根據空前的office chairs可推知，此處用themselves“它們自己”，作rearranging的賓語。故填themselves。
2．答案　in
解析　考查介詞。put...in charge為固定短語，意為“讓……負責”。故填in。
3．答案　discussed
解析　考查動詞時態。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語，結合時間狀語In 2020可知，句子在敘述過去發生的事情，時態應用一般過去時。故填discussed。
4．答案　an
解析　考查冠詞。此處泛指“一次在線全球科技會議”，應用不定冠詞，且online的發音以元音音素開頭。故填an。
5．答案　named
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處是非謂語動詞，作The project的后置定語，name和The project是邏輯上的被動關系，且動作當時已完成，應用name的過去分詞形式。故填named。
6．答案　automatically
解析　考查副詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾動詞meet，應用automatic的副詞形式automatically，意為“自動地”。故填automatically。
7．答案　to promote
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空處作句子的目的狀語，表示“為了……”，應用不定式形式。故填to promote。
8．答案　that/which
解析　考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞self-driving cars，先行詞指物，關系詞在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which。
9．答案　frightening
解析　考查形容詞。分析句子可知，空處作句子的表語，且此處表示“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。
10．答案　companies
解析　考查名詞復數。分析句子可知，空處和governments并列，作if引導的條件狀語從句的主語，空前沒有表示單數概念的修飾語，可數名詞company“公司”應用復數形式。故填companies。(共100張PPT)
Period 4
Using Language
Looking into the future
Unit 2
內容索引
Step 1　課文深度理解
Step 2　語言知識梳理
Step 3　基礎達標檢測
作業4
課文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Skim the text to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
This morning,I saw the shocking headline:“Passenger Dies When Car (1)_________ in Driverless Mode”.
Introduce the topic about new technology
Crashes
On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the (2)________ of new technology.
The situation of living without new technology
absence
On the other hand, new technology has (3)_________ people everywhere with many benefits over the years.
provided
I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than (4)______ it.
The author’s attitude towards new technology
resist
The advantage of the presence of new technology
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1.Why do many people oppose driverless cars
A.Because they think driverless mode is risky.
B.Because they are the families of the deceased.
C.Because they consider technology unnecessary.
D.Because the company didn’t apologise for the accident.
√
2.What can we learn from the Amish
A.They are curious about the outside.
B.They want to live in large and polluted cities.
C.They live happily without new technology.
D.They desire to follow the lives of the rich and famous.
√
3.How does the author support his ideas in paragraph 3
A.By listing examples.
B.By doing experiments.
C.By using exact figures.
D.By performing surveys.
√
4.What’s the main idea of the text
A.New technology has offered people many advantages.
B.Opinions are divided on the benefits of new technology.
C.Numerous people lead a happy life without new technology.
D.People are to travel by driverless car in spite of car accidents.
√
5.Why did the author determine to write about the topic
A.Because he was keen on driverless cars.
B.Because he doubted advanced technology.
C.Because he was in favor of the families of the deceased.
D.Because he wanted to reflect on what he read in a newspaper.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.公眾
2.開發無人駕駛汽車
3.停止接受技術
4.因……道歉
5.死者
6.一方面……另一方面……
7.在沒有……的情況下
8.在遙遠的將來
__________
_____________________
________________________
____________
____________
_________________________________
________________
__________________
the public
develop driverless cars
cease accepting technology
apologise for
the deceased
on the one hand...on the other hand...
in the absence of
in the distant future
9.倡導簡單的生活
10.在意，關心
11.生活質量
12.欣賞自然環境
13.而不是
14.提供給某人某物
15.潛在的自然災害
16.保持聯系
17.即使
___________________
__________
____________
_______________________________
___________
_________________
_______________________
____________
_______
advocate a simple life
care about
quality of life
appreciate the natural environment
rather than
provide sb with sth
potential natural disaster
keep in touch
even if
18.允許某人做某事
19.社交媒體
20.受益于
21.技術進步
22.一個可怕的前景
23.旁觀，看待
________________
____________
____________
____________________
_______________
_______
allow sb to do sth
social media
benefit from
technological advance
a scary prospect
look on
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，that引導_____從句，developing driverless cars是動詞-ing形式作介詞of的_____。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
賓語
賓語
在這篇報道中，多位人士表示公眾應該反對發展無人駕駛汽車這一想法。
2.Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，because引導__________從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
復合
原因狀語
所以，我們應停止僅僅因為技術是新的就接受它。
3.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.(P20 Para.1)
[結構分析] 此句是but連接的__________句，第一個分句中含有that引導的_____從句，第二個分句中含有省略_____的賓語從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列復合
賓語
that
該報稱汽車公司已經為此次事故道歉，但是死者家屬表示這還不夠。
4.On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，who live happily...是定語從句，修飾先行詞_____________________________。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
many different groups of people
一方面，世界上有許多不同群體的人，在沒有新技術的情況下依然過著幸福的生活。
5.Probably the most well-known are the Amish，a group of Christians living in rural America.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，a group of Christians...是the Amish的______，living in rural America是動詞-ing形式作_____。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
倒裝
同位語
定語
也許最廣為人知的要數阿曼門諾派——生活在美國鄉村的一個基督教群體。
6.It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.(P20 Para.2)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句。___是形式主語，_____引導真正的主語從句，其中since引導_____狀語從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
that
原因
甚至有人認為，阿曼門諾派的生活質量更高，因為他們生活在自然的環境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染嚴重的大城市里。
it
7.For example，the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.(P20 Para.3)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，which saves many lives是____________從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
非限制性定語
例如，最新的追蹤天氣的計算機程序為人們提供潛在自然災害的種種預警，挽救了許多生命。
8.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.(P20 Para.3)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，as引導_________從句，using social media是動詞-ing形式作介詞through的_____。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
原因狀語
互聯網還使人們在生活中更加容易找到機會，因為它讓人們能夠通過社交媒體建立更大的朋友圈。
賓語
9.My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.(P20 Para.4)
[結構分析] 此句是_____句，which I wear all the time是_____________從句，修飾先行詞______________。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
復合
非限制性定語
我一直隨身佩戴的健康監護儀也幫助我達到了生活中的最佳狀態。
health monitor
語言知識梳理
vt.反對；抵制；阻撓；反抗；與(某人)較量(opposed adj.反對的；截然不同的 opposite adj.相反的；對面的 prep.在……對面opposition n.反對)
[教材原句P20] In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在這篇報道中，多位人士表示公眾應該反對發展無人駕駛汽車這一想法。
[北師大版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 9] So a very rare disease will have a low baseline and just a few cases of it in one place will be classified as an epidemic；as opposed to more common diseases，such as the flu，that have a higher baseline.罕見疾病的基線很低，即使某一地區只出現少數病例，也會被認定為流行病；與此相反，常見疾病的基線較高，如流感。
1
oppose
·oppose (doing) sth 反對(做)某事
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反對某人做某事
·be opposed to反對……
as opposed to (doing) sth [表示對比]而；相對于
(1)After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in the __________(oppose) direction in anger.
(2)Unexpectedly，the professor’s proposal met with strong ___________
(oppose) at yesterday’s meeting.
(3)I shouted angrily，“I employ you to work as opposed to just _______(sit)！”
opposite
opposition
sitting
(4)(應用文寫作之求助信)我父母反對我選文科，這使我情緒低落，因此，你可以給我一些建議嗎？
My parents ____________________________________________
_____________，which puts me in low spirits and hence，could you be kind enough to offer me some tips
oppose me/my choosing arts/are opposed to me/my choosing arts
寫作佳句
n.不存在；缺乏；缺席(absent adj.缺席；不存在；缺乏)
2
absence
[教材原句P20] On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有許多不同群體的人，在沒有新技術的情況下依然過著幸福的生活。
[譯林版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 2] Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.由于太空中近乎沒有重力，我們必須把我們自己固定住，才不會四處漂浮。
·in one’s absence某人不在的時候
in the absence of在沒有……的情況下；由于缺乏
·be absent from缺席，不在
(1)He gave us a warning that we would be punished if we were absent ______ the coming meeting.
from
(2)(讀后續寫之情緒描寫)她的丈夫不在時，簡是如此害怕以至于她坐在地上，淚水模糊了雙眼。
____________________________________________________，so frightened was Jane that she sat down on the ground，with tears clouding her eyes.
寫作佳句
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband
vt.提倡；支持；擁護 n.提倡者；支持者；擁護者
advocate
3
[教材原句P20] They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.
他們提倡簡樸的生活，強調實干、家庭和社區。
[北師大版必修第二冊Unit 6] Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.里夫成為脊背受傷和殘疾人士的熱情而積極的支持者，他為醫學研究籌集了數百萬美元的支持。
·advocate (doing) sth 提倡/主張(做)某事
advocate that...(should) do...主張/提倡……
·an advocate for/of...……的支持者/擁護者
(1)There is no doubt that this remarkable professor is an advocate ______ the meaningful activity.
(2)I strongly advocate __________(combine) theory with practice in our routine scientific research.
for/of
combining
(3)(話題寫作之環境保護)隨著世界環境日的臨近，我倡議做好分內事來保護環境。
With World Environment Day approaching，I ______________
__________________________________________to protect the environment.
advocate doing
寫作佳句
our part/advocate that we (should) do our part
(與……)保持聯系；了解(某課題或領域的情況)
keep in touch(with...)
4
[教材原句P20] Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互聯網使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能輕松保持聯系。
be in touch with與……有聯系(狀態)
be out of touch with與……失去聯系(狀態)
get in touch with與……取得聯系(動作)
lose touch with與……失去聯系(動作)
(1)We lost touch _____each other ten years ago.Hence，we _________(be) out of touch for ten years.
with
have been
(2)(2024·天津3月，書面表達)俗話說：“嘗梨才知其味。”我強烈建議你訪問中國，親身了解這些進步。
As an old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.” I highly recommend that you visit China and _________
_________________________________.
(3)(讀后續寫之情緒描寫)和他的童年的朋友杰克聯系上之后，湯姆是如此激動，淚水順著臉龐流淌。
__________________________________________，Jack，Tom was so excited that tears flowed down his face.
keep in
寫作佳句
touch with these advances first-hand
After getting in touch with his childhood friend
vt.& vi.抵制；反抗；抵擋(resistance n.抵制；抗拒；反對resistant adj.抵制的，阻止的；有抵抗力的)
resist
5
[教材原句P20] Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我將始終著眼于變革的積極一面，接受變革，而不是抗拒變革。
·resist doing sth 抵制做某事
can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事
·be resistant to對……有抵抗力；抵制……
(1)With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students strongly resist __________(switch) off the air conditioner.
＝With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students are strongly _________(resist) to switching off the air conditioner.
switching
resistant
(2)(2023·浙江1月，讀后續寫)窗戶邊的聲音引起了我的注意，我忍不住踮著腳走(tiptoe)上前看看發生了什么事。
A noise at the window caught my attention and I _____________
_________________ to see what was happening.
couldn’t resist
寫作佳句
tiptoeing forward
[教材原句P20] Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互聯網使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能輕松保持聯系。
[結構分析] 此句是復合句。主句the Internet has made it possible...easily 中的it是形式賓語，possible是賓語補足語，不定式復合結構for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的賓語；even if引導讓步狀語從句。
6
動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語
“動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語”結構也叫 “6123結構”：
“6”指常用的六個動詞：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel；
“1”指形式賓語it；
“2”指賓語補足語的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞；
“3”指真正賓語的三種形式：不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)、that引導的賓語從句。
注意：真正賓語為動名詞(短語)只限于少數賓語補足語為no good，useless，no use，senseless或worthwhile等的情況。在多數情況下真正賓語為不定式(短語)。
(1)(2021·新課標Ⅰ，應用文寫作)我認為每天讀半小時英文報Youth對我們學生來說非常有用。因此，我養成了每天讀它的習慣。
I _____________________________________________________________
___________ Youth for half an hour on a daily basis.As a consequence，I ______________________ every day.
(2)(2024·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續寫)Gunter面帶微笑地說：“我覺得幫助有困難的人是我的責任。”
Gunter said，with a smile on his face，“I ___________________________
_____________________________________________________.”
think/consider it quite useful for us students to read the English
make it a rule to read it
newspaper
feel it my duty/responsibility to help others in trouble/that I should help others in trouble
(3)(2023·新課標Ⅰ，應用文寫作)我相信將學生隨機配對進行課后英語口語訓練是沒有好處的。
I ____________________________________________ for the spoken English training after class.
believe it no good randomly pairing students up
[教材原句P20] Of course，when new technology changes the way we live，it can be a scary prospect.
當然，當新技術改變我們的生活方式時，它可能會產生出一個讓人擔驚受怕的前景。
[結構分析] 此句是復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，其中we live是省略了that/in which的定語從句，修飾先行詞the way；本句的主句it can be a scary prospect是“主系表”結構。
7
the way作先行詞的定語從句
·the way作先行詞的定語從句中，當關系詞在定語從句中作方式狀語時，
用that或in which引導都可以，且現代英語傾向于省略關系詞；
·the way作先行詞的定語從句中，當關系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語
時，用that或which引導均可，作賓語時可省略關系詞。
(1)(2023·全國乙，書面表達)我寫信是想告訴你小籠包的制作方法，這是我在暑假里學到的新技能。
I am writing to tell you the way ________________________________ and this is the new skill I have learnt during the summer vacation.
(that/in which) Xiaolongbao is made
(2)(應用文寫作之求助信)你能給我提供一種容易操作的方法嗎？
Could you be kind enough to offer me a way ___________________________
that/which is easy to operate
返 回
基礎達標檢測
1.Clinton was seen as a strong advocate for a variety of educational improvements. 　 _________________
2.There is every prospect of the weather remaining dry this week.
________
3.Attempts to modify the curriculum have met with strong resistance in many colleges. 　　 _______
n.支持者，提倡者
Ⅰ.品句猜詞
n.可能性
n.抵制
1.Could you please give the _________ translation of the long sentence in this extract？
2.I can’t lay ___________ on the importance of artificial intelligence too much.
3.In this sense，she gave up a promising ______ in advertising in order to look after her children.
4.Nevertheless，the authors point out that their study was done in a ______(鄉村的) area and results may differ with urban clients.
accurate
Ⅱ.單詞拼寫
emphasis
career
rural
5.The following ___________(段落) suggest what potential privileges our users will be assigned.
6.The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry._______(因此)，factory location is a crucial consideration.
paragraphs
Hence
1.I couldn’t resist _______(have) a look at the new signpost there.
2.Apparently the mother took advantage of the children’s _______(absent) to tidy their rooms.
3.He gradually forgot the accident and set about talking about his ___________(occupy).
4.It is easy to keep ____ touch with the friends in the academy due to the Internet.
having
Ⅲ.單句語法填空
absence
occupation
in
5._________(oppose) to my buying the new device，my father didn’t give me any money.
6.It is acknowledged that ___________(innovate) plays an important part in social progress.
Opposed
innovation
The article with the shocking headline—“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”—1.________(cause) great concern among various people.2._________(oppose) to the idea of developing driverless cars，some people said some achievements in technology were 3.____________(necessary) and could even be dangerous.The car company apologised 4._____ the accident，but claimed that most people
would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.On the one hand，
caused
Ⅳ.課文語法填空
Opposed
unnecessary
for
many different groups of people live 5.________(happy) in the absence of new technology.The most well-known are the Amish,6._____ live mainly as farmers and advocate a simple life with 7.____ emphasis on hard work，family，and community.On the other hand，people everywhere have benefited a lot from new technology over the years.For example，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family 8._______(keep) in touch conveniently even if they are on opposite sides of the world.Personally speaking，technological 9._________(advance) are good for me.So I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it instead of 10._________(resist) it.
happily
who
返 回
an
to keep
advances
resisting
作業4
1.He sincerely _______________(因為……道歉) the mistake he had made and I readily accepted his apology.
2.Everyone ___________(在意) his/her education and hence，each person is committed to studying.
3.We _________________(保持聯系) for ten years；we share happiness and sorrow with one another.
4._________________(在沒有……的情況下) water，plants would not grow well.
apologised for
cares about
Ⅰ.短語填空
have kept in touch
In the absence of
5.I constantly participate in extra-curricular activities and I have ______________(受益于) them.
6.My parents have taught me not to _______(旁觀) whenever I encounter some accidents.
benefited from
look on
(應用文寫作之倡議書)
1.為了創建友好的網絡環境，我強烈提倡做文明網民。(advocate)
In order to create a friendly network environment，__________________
_____________________.
2.由于網絡上有各種各樣的信息，我反對學生瀏覽不好的網頁。(oppose)
With various kinds of information on the Internet，I _________________
______________________________.
I strongly advocate
Ⅱ.主題微寫作——文明網民
being civilized netizens
oppose students’/
students browsing bad web pages
3.許多學生每天都忙于上網，以至于他們覺得上學很無聊。(動詞＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語)
Many students are so occupied in surfing the Internet every day that ____
___________________________.
4.一些學生甚至忍不住在一座陌生的城市見網友，這有可能導致一些意外的后果。(resist)
Some students even ___________________________________________，which may bring about some unexpected consequences.
they
find it boring to attend school
can’t resist meeting net friends in a strange city
5.總之，我相信強調網絡安全的重要性是非常必要的。(believe it＋adj.＋to do；emphasis)
To sum up，I __________________________________________________
____________________________.
組句成篇　以上句子可以加上過渡詞語和其他聯想內容組成一篇小短文。
believe it quite necessary to lay emphasis on the importance of network security
A
AI has advanced significantly over the years.However，its current models largely disregard human psychology，such as emotional intelligence.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了為了讓人工智能更好地具備情商，研究人員創造了一種電子“舌頭”。這項技術可以用來識別主要的味道特征，從甜、咸到鮮味。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
“The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das，associate professor at Penn State.“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(復制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”
Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence.While hunger is the physiological drive to eat，our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste.As Das explains，even when one is not hungry，the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat，rather than a piece of meat.
To grasp the intricacies(錯綜復雜的細節) of taste，Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue，which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain’s gustatory cortex(味覺皮層).In this brain region，complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste.To imitate this，the team created an electronic “tongue”.
This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics，from sweet and salty to umami(鮮味).Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.
The team’s immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue’s capacity.“We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors(味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others，which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das.“The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster.Perhaps in the future，we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.”
Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.
1.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A.It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent.
B.It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent.
C.Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe.
D.Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI.
細節理解題。根據第二段最后兩句“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(復制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”可知，讓機器人具有情商是很困難的。故選B。
解析
√
2.What might this electronic tongue be applied to in the future
A.Evaluating people’s diet plans.
B.Designing a healthier diet plan for people.
C.Correcting people’s poor dietary preferences.
D.Helping restaurants serve customers better.
細節理解題。根據倒數第三段末句“Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，這種電子“舌頭”將來會幫助餐館更好地為顧客服務。故選D。
解析
√
3.What is the team’s plan according to the last two paragraphs
A.Improving people’s taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue.
B.Making the electronic tongue available for everyone.
C.Bringing all the human senses into the AI system.
D.Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI’s innovation.
細節理解題。根據最后一段“Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，團隊的計劃是將人類的所有感官引入人工智能系統。故選C。
解析
√
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI.
B.The advantage of the “electronic tongue”.
C.The future development trend of AI.
D.The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence.
主旨大意題。根據全文，尤其是第一、四、五段可知，這篇文章的主要內容是研究人員將情商引入人工智能的進展。故選A。
解析
√
B (此篇精讀)
(2025·浙江臺州高二上期中)
Shortly after ChatGPT was released，in early 2023，a freelance writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI，because it could write content for free.But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to “rewrite” the AI-generated text.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是人工智能對未來工作的影響
——人工智能并不會奪走我們的工作，而是會改變工作的性質。
This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.The problem is a culture that devalues human labor(勞動).
With the release of new AI applications，discussions about the future of work are back in full force.A recent study looked at professions in the United States，from poets to financial managers，predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI.But our precious experience with automation suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.
In 2019，independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.Most importantly，Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks，which helped accommodate and employ the “automated” technology，were often undervalued or even invisible.
The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.As jobs get disrupted and people’s livelihoods are threatened，it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason，whether you’re an expert or an employer.But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.It’s a big thing to change，but it’s not set in stone.And that’s the real “robots and jobs” conversation we need to be having.
5.What does the underlined word “slashed” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Created. B.Improved.
C.Reduced. D.Removed.
詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text.”可知，技術減少了他的薪水，因此slash的意思是“減少”，和reduce意思相近，故選C。
解析
√
6.What did Mateescu and Elish find
A.Automated technology was taking away almost all jobs.
B.New advanced devices were being integrated in various jobs.
C.Humans were still needed to take care of AI-generated problems.
D.Humans couldn’t understand the real value in their own jobs.
√
推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.”可知，Mateescu和Elish發現人類仍然需要處理人工智能產生的問題。故選C。
解析
7.What’s the main cause of the deskilling and devaluing of labor
A.The introduction of robots.
B.The nature of jobs.
C.The change of workers.
D.The attitude to labor.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.”和“But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.”可知，勞動力低技能化和貶值的主要原因是社會對待勞動的態度。故選D。
解析
8.What’s the best title for the text
A.Work Gets Deskilled by Robots
B.Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs
C.A Promising Future：Humans and Robots
D.A Wanted Conversation：Humans and Robots
√
標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段末句和第三段第二句可知，本文主要論述的是人工智能對未來工作的影響——它不會奪走我們的工作，而是會改變工作的性質，因此最好的題目是B選項(機器人不會搶走我們的工作)。故選B。
解析
1.release vt.&n.排放；釋放；發布
2.complicated adj.復雜的；難懂的
3.counter to與……相反
4.invisible adj.看不見的；無形的→visible adj.看得見的；可見的→visibility n.能見度；可見性
詞匯積累
1.This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.
分析：此句包含句型：That/This/It is the first time that...(that從句用現在完成時)；That/This/It was the first time that...(that從句用過去完成時)
翻譯：技術大幅度削減了工資卻沒有完全取代人的工作，這不是第一次了，真正的問題并不是人工智能。
句式分析
2.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.
分析：此句為復合句。句中第一個that引導同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內容；第二個that引導賓語從句。
翻譯：與人們普遍認為這項技術減少了對人力需求的想法相反，研究人員亞歷山德拉·馬泰斯庫和瑪德琳·克萊爾·埃利什發現，引入新設備主要是在改變工作的性質。
(2024·浙江杭州高二上期末)
In a world where technology is king，hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了AR(增強現實)和VR(虛擬現實)的相同點和不同點。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in
real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have
come into existence.
1 These include VR，AR，MR，XR and the list goes on.
√
根據本段上下文可知，此處承接上文，說明跟上科技進步很困難，因為新科技產品不斷在出現，并對應下文列舉的帶有“R”的單詞。G選項“跟上已經出現的這些‘R’的步伐也變得越來越困難”切題。故選G。
解析
Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR)，and understandably so.Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result，it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not.
2 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come
into existence.
√
根據下文“Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.”可知，VR和AR技術很相似。C選項“簡而言之，VR和AR的核心是兩種非常相似的技術”切題。故選C。
解析
However，AR and VR can be quite different in many ways.The main difference lies in the mode of delivery.Simply put，VR “transports” the user to another world，by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality. 3
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根據上文“Simply put，VR ‘transports’ the user to another world，by ‘replacing’ the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality.”可知，此處承接上文，具體舉例說明VR的特點。E選項“例如，它可以讓用戶感覺自己好像在墜落，從而引發恐懼”切題。故選E。
解析
AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see. 4 While AR may be less immersive than VR，the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games.Moreover，since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets，it is more accessible.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根據上文“AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see.”可知，此處承接上文說明實際的情況。B選項“事實上，它通過數字圖像增強了現實”切題。故選B。
解析
VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 5 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future，but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根據本段上下文可知，此處與上文為轉折關系，說明雖然VR和AR對很多消費者來說還很陌生，但它們已經開始產生影響。D選項“然而，它們已經開始撼動游戲世界”切題。故選D。
解析
From robots delivering coffee to office chairs rearranging 1.___________(they) after a meeting，a smart city project in China aims to put artificial intelligence 2.___ charge.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了一個完全由人工智能管理的智慧城市項目“云谷”。
Ⅴ.語法填空
themselves
1.考查代詞。根據空前的office chairs可推知，此處用themselves“它們自己”，作rearranging的賓語。故填themselves。
2.考查介詞。put...in charge為固定短語，意為“讓……負責”。故填in。
解析
in
In 2020，Danish architecture firm BIG and Chinese tech company Terminus 3._________(discuss) plans to build an AI-run campus-style development in the southwestern Chinese city of Chongqing during 4.___ online global tech conference.
discussed
an
3.考查動詞時態。分析句子可知，空處作句子的謂語，結合時間狀語In 2020可知，句子在敘述過去發生的事情，時態應用一般過去時。故填discussed。
4.考查冠詞。此處泛指“一次在線全球科技會議”，應用不定冠詞，且online的發音以元音音素開頭。故填an。
解析
The project,5.________(name) Cloud Valley，plans to use sensors and wi-fi-connected devices to gather data on everything from weather and pollution to people’s eating habits to meet residents’ needs 6._____________(automatic)，said Terminus.
named
automatically
5.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，空處是非謂語動詞，作The project的后置定語，name和The project是邏輯上的被動關系，且動作當時已完成，應用name的過去分詞形式。故填named。
6.考查副詞。分析句子可知，空處修飾動詞meet，應用automatic的副詞形式automatically，意為“自動地”。故填automatically。
解析
Cities around the world are racing to embrace technology to improve urban life by collecting data to address problems like traffic jams and crime.More than 500 smart cities are being built across China 7._____________(promote) growth in a global economic downturn.
to promote
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空處作句子的目的狀語，表示“為了……”，應用不定式形式。故填to promote。
解析
The city，which includes offices，homes，public spaces and self-driving cars 8.__________ move around under the watchful eye of AI，is due for completion in a few years，according to Terminus.
that/which
考查定語從句。分析句子可知，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞self-driving cars，先行詞指物，關系詞在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which。
解析
Yet，like other smart cities，its tech-driven approach has raised privacy concerns.
“Isn’t all of this a little 9._______________(frighten)？” asked a conference-goer.Another attendee said smart cities risked becoming a threat to human rights if 10.___________(company) and governments didn’t take steps to limit surveillance(監視) and ensure inclusivity.
frightening
companies
9.考查形容詞。分析句子可知，空處作句子的表語，且此處表示“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。
10.考查名詞復數。分析句子可知，空處和governments并列，作if引導的條件狀語從句的主語，空前沒有表示單數概念的修飾語，可數名詞company“公司”應用復數形式。故填companies。
解析
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