資源簡介

A
(選自外研版選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 5)
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”．The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.What’s more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
The young man in question，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals.He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831.The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.As he studied these，he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time，it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors.
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked.But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
1．What was Darwin’s father’s attitude to his journey on the Beagle
A．Unconcerned. B．Optimistic.
C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
答案　D
2．Why was Darwin’s room on the ship crowded with samples of plants and animals
A．He was interested in them.
B．The captain ordered him to do so.
C．He would send them to his friends as gifts.
D．He would study their influences on the environment.
答案　A
3．What’s the reason for people’s strong reaction to Darwin’s book On the Origin of Species
A．People’s contrary belief.
B．Lack of supporting proof.
C．His father’s low evaluation.
D．His improper opinions about humans.
答案　A
4．According to Darwin，how did new species of plants and animals come to exist
A．They evolved from earlier ancestors.
B．All the animals evolved from the finches.
C．They suddenly appeared on Earth at the same time.
D．New species would appear when old species died out.
答案　A
5．Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A．Brave and dedicated.
B．Diligent and humorous.
C．Devoted and warm-hearted.
D．Modest and responsible.
答案　A
本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了著名生物學家查爾斯·達爾文的發現之旅以及他基于此次旅行寫成的《物種起源》一書，旨在讓學生基于本文內容聯系生活實際，從達爾文的故事中體會探索的艱辛，學習科學家的科學精神和創新精神。
1．distant adj.遙遠的；遠處的；疏遠的；心不在焉的→distance n．距離
2．be a disgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事
3．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.極有吸引力的，迷人的→fascination n．入迷，著迷
4．evolve v．進化→evolution n．進化(論)
5．available adj.可獲得的；可購得的；(人)有空的
6．suspect vt.& vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對象
7．lower vt.把……放低；降低；減少adj.下面的；下方的；較小的；較低級的
8．convincing adj.令人信服的→convince vt.使相信；使確信；說服→convinced adj.確信的，信服的
1．What’s more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．
[結構分析] 此句為復合句，predicting that...是現在分詞短語作后置定語修飾a letter；that引導賓語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 而且在他剛收到的家書中，父親預言他將會成為“自己和全家人的恥辱”。
2．When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most.
[結構分析] 此句是but連接的并列復合句；but前的句中含有when引導的時間狀語從句；but后的分句中含有強調句型，強調了主語the birds，其結構為it is/was...that...。
[漢語翻譯] 1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是最令他感興趣的是鳥類。
B
(選自北師大版選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 1)
My Teacher
I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school，but I often think about him.I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy，especially in maths.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class，I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
Before Mr Jenkins taught me，science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me.I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn’t really want to know，either! I found it all so boring and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.One day，he took us outside，and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.It was great fun.
I know that I wasn’t a willing student，but I wasn’t slow to learn new things.The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths.I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme，I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
Graham Lawrence，a science writer
My Student
I’ve read a couple of Graham’s books and seen him on TV.I always say to my wife，“Oh look，I used to teach him！” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class.I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage！But when he got interested，he changed.The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.I think it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student.Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out what that is for each student.We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them.Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success，both at school and in later life，for all of them.
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.As John Dewey，the famous educationalist，said，“Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”
Brian Jenkins，a science teacher at Overton School
1．What can we know about Mr Jenkins
A．He was an excellent English teacher.
B．He was a bad teacher with a little laziness.
C．He would explain hard things with practical examples.
D．He would force students to give presentations to the class.
答案　C
2．What did Graham look like when Mr Jenkins met him for the first time
A．Bored. B．Brave.
C．Lazy. D．Bright.
答案　A
3．What did Mr Jenkins regret by the example of Graham
A．He didn’t create a strong bond with all students.
B．He didn’t give equal opportunities to each student.
C．He didn’t motivate his students to discuss in class freely.
D．He didn’t encourage his students to build their confidence.
答案　B
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph in the second text
A．Teaching is a job with challenges and successes.
B．Teaching is to prepare students for their future life.
C．Teachers should have great effects on their students.
D．Teachers should strengthen their communication with students.
答案　A
5．What do the two texts mainly tell us
A．Mr Jenkins and Graham got along very well.
B．Mr Jenkins remembered teaching Graham，a success now.
C．Graham didn’t regard Mr Jenkins as a good teacher.
D．Affected by Mr Jenkins，Graham became a success，making Mr Jenkins proud.
答案　D
本文包含兩篇文章，都是記敘文，分別是學生回顧自己如何在老師的幫助下積極改變以及老師回憶與學生之間發生的點滴。其主題意義在于通過了解這對師生之間的故事，體會老師對學生的影響和學生對老師的情感，感受師生情誼。
My Teacher
My Student
1．angle n．角；角度；立場
2．triangle n．三角形
3．hydrogen n．氫
4．practical adj.實際的；實踐的；切實可行的→practically adv.幾乎；實際上→practice n．& v．練習；實踐
5．presentation n．報告；陳述，說明→present n．禮物adj.現在的；出席的vt.授予；呈遞
6．drag vt.拖，拉
1．The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
[結構分析] 此句為復合句，其中 I can remember from school maths為省略that 的定語從句，后面that引導表語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度！
2．Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
[結構分析] 此句為復合句，句中含有catch sb doing sth結構，who引導賓語從句。
[漢語翻譯] 有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽，看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠！(共36張PPT)
主題類文拓展閱讀
People of achievement
Unit 1
A
(選自外研版選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 5)
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.What’s more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
The young man in question，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals.He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831.The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.As he studied these，he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time，it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors.
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked.But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
1.What was Darwin’s father’s attitude to his journey on the Beagle
A.Unconcerned. B.Optimistic.
C.Supportive. D.Disapproving.
√
2.Why was Darwin’s room on the ship crowded with samples of plants and animals
A.He was interested in them.
B.The captain ordered him to do so.
C.He would send them to his friends as gifts.
D.He would study their influences on the environment.
√
3.What’s the reason for people’s strong reaction to Darwin’s book On the Origin of Species
A.People’s contrary belief.
B.Lack of supporting proof.
C.His father’s low evaluation.
D.His improper opinions about humans.
√
4.According to Darwin，how did new species of plants and animals come to exist
A.They evolved from earlier ancestors.
B.All the animals evolved from the finches.
C.They suddenly appeared on Earth at the same time.
D.New species would appear when old species died out.
√
5.Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A.Brave and dedicated.
B.Diligent and humorous.
C.Devoted and warm-hearted.
D.Modest and responsible.
√
本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了著名生物學家查爾斯·達爾文的發現之旅以及他基于此次旅行寫成的《物種起源》一書，旨在讓學生基于本文內容聯系生活實際，從達爾文的故事中體會探索的艱辛，學習科學家的科學精神和創新精神。
語篇結構
·Darwin left 1._______ school without completing
his degree.
·His father predicted he would be a 2._________
to himself and all his family.
A Journey of Discovery
Before the journey
medical
During the journey
disgrace
·He left England 3.___ the ship, the Beagle, in 1831.
·He collected many plants and animals as 4.________
in South America.
·He put forward an idea that many animals 5.________
as they adapted to their changing environments.
·He found more evidence and produced a new
idea—a theory of 6._________.
on
samples
evolved
evolution
On the Origin of Species 7._____________ in 1859 and is regarded as one of the most 8. ___________ works by people today.
A Journey of Discovery
After the
journey
was published
important
1.distant adj.遙遠的；遠處的；疏遠的；心不在焉的→distance n.距離
2.be a disgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事
3.fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.極有吸引力的，迷人的→fascination n.入迷，著迷
4.evolve v.進化→evolution n.進化(論)
5.available adj.可獲得的；可購得的；(人)有空的
6.suspect vt.& vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對象
詞匯積累
7.lower vt.把……放低；降低；減少adj.下面的；下方的；較小的；較低級的
8.convincing adj.令人信服的→convince vt.使相信；使確信；說服→convinced adj.確信的，信服的
1.What’s more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.
[結構分析] 此句為_____句，predicting that...是現在分詞短語作________修飾a letter；that引導_____從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
復合
后置定語
賓語
而且在他剛收到的家書中，父親預言他將會成為“自己和全家人的恥辱”。
2.When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most.
[結構分析] 此句是but連接的_________句；but前的句中含有when引導的_________從句；but后的分句中含有_____句型，強調了主語________，其結構為_______________。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列復合
時間狀語
強調
the birds
1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是最令他感興趣的是鳥類。
it is/was...that...
B
(選自北師大版選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 1)
My Teacher
I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school，but I often think about him.I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy，especially in maths.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class，I really became interested in a subject for the first time.
Before Mr Jenkins taught me，science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me.I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn’t really want to know，either! I found it all so boring and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.One day，he took us outside，and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.It was great fun.
I know that I wasn’t a willing student，but I wasn’t slow to learn new things.The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths.I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme，I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
Graham Lawrence，a science writer
My Student
I’ve read a couple of Graham’s books and seen him on TV.I always say to my wife，“Oh look，I used to teach him！” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class.I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage！But when he got interested，he changed.The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.He loved science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.I think it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student.Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out what that is for each student.We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them.Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success，both at school and in later life，for all of them.
I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.As John Dewey，the famous educationalist，said，“Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”
Brian Jenkins，a science teacher at Overton School
1.What can we know about Mr Jenkins
A.He was an excellent English teacher.
B.He was a bad teacher with a little laziness.
C.He would explain hard things with practical examples.
D.He would force students to give presentations to the class.
√
2.What did Graham look like when Mr Jenkins met him for the first time
A.Bored. B.Brave.
C.Lazy. D.Bright.
√
3.What did Mr Jenkins regret by the example of Graham
A.He didn’t create a strong bond with all students.
B.He didn’t give equal opportunities to each student.
C.He didn’t motivate his students to discuss in class freely.
D.He didn’t encourage his students to build their confidence.
√
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph in the second text
A.Teaching is a job with challenges and successes.
B.Teaching is to prepare students for their future life.
C.Teachers should have great effects on their students.
D.Teachers should strengthen their communication with students.
√
5.What do the two texts mainly tell us
A.Mr Jenkins and Graham got along very well.
B.Mr Jenkins remembered teaching Graham，a success now.
C.Graham didn’t regard Mr Jenkins as a good teacher.
D.Affected by Mr Jenkins，Graham became a success，making Mr
Jenkins proud.
√
本文包含兩篇文章，都是記敘文，分別是學生回顧自己如何在老師的幫助下積極改變以及老師回憶與學生之間發生的點滴。其主題意義在于通過了解這對師生之間的故事，體會老師對學生的影響和學生對老師的情感，感受師生情誼。
語篇結構
Graham wasn’t very good at most school 1._________.
Besides, he was a bit 2._____, especially in maths.
Before Graham went to Mr Jenkins’ class
subjects
lazy
My Teacher
Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.He used to explain difficult things with lots of 3._________ examples and 4.___ simple language.
How Mr Jenkins taught
Mr Jenkins made Graham feel that he had his own 5._________.
After Graham became Mr Jenkins’ student
practical
in
strengths
Graham was very 6._________ before he came into Mr Jenkins’ class.But when he got 7.__________ in science, he changed.
Mr Jenkins’ impression of Graham
difficult
interested
My Student
Mr Jenkins thinks it’s important to understand that there’s no such thing 8.____ a good or a bad student and teachers should have more time to make friends with students.
Mr Jenkins’ attitude towards students
Mr Jenkins thinks it is 9.___________ to help turn a child like Graham into such a 10.__________ adult.
Mr Jenkins’ beliefs in teaching
as
worthwhile
successful
1.angle n.角；角度；立場
2.triangle n.三角形
3.hydrogen n.氫
4.practical adj.實際的；實踐的；切實可行的→practically adv.幾乎；實際上→practice n.& v.練習；實踐
5.presentation n.報告；陳述，說明→present n.禮物adj.現在的；出席的vt.授予；呈遞
6.drag vt.拖，拉
詞匯積累
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
[結構分析] 此句為_____句，其中 I can remember from school maths為省略_____的_____從句，后面that引導_____從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
句式分析
復合
that
定語
我唯一還記得的數學課內容是三角形的內角和是180度！
表語
2.Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
[結構分析] 此句為_____句，句中含有catch sb doing sth結構，who引導_____從句。
[漢語翻譯] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
復合
賓語
有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽，看誰能從學校的舞臺上跳得最遠！
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