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(共26張PPT)
Unit 2 Amazing numbers
主題范疇：
人與社會
主題群：
歷史、社會與文化；科學與技術
子主題：
對世界、國家、人民和社會進步有突出貢獻的人物；科學技術與工程，人類發明與創新
Key question
What is the role of numbers in our daily lives
master the meanings and usages of some key words;
extract the key information on the development of numbers from the text；
understand the culture of numbers and experience cultural diversity.
Learning objectives 學習目標
At the end of the class, I’ll be able to:
count
system
symbol
represent
exactly
write down
instead of
/ka nt/ v. 計算（或清點）總數
/ s st m/ n. 系統
/ s mbl/ n. 符號；記號
/ repr zent/ v. 代表
/ ɡ z ktli/ adv. 準確地；確切地
寫下；記下
代替；作為······的替換
New words and phrases
Warming up
How many kinds of number forms do you know And how did numbers develop
Numbers are everywhere today. How did people in ancient times record numbers
Lead-in
Section 4 Extending and developing competencies
Pre-reading
What do you think the passage will talk about Which ancient country’s number system may be mentioned
Look at the title and the picture
While-reading
Read the article after the recording.
不同文化背景的人使用不同的數字。下面是數字1到5的三種寫法。
中國數字：一、二、三、四、五
羅馬數字：I、II、III、IV、V
阿拉伯數字:1、2、3、4、5
Skimming
What’s the main idea of the passage
A. How people count animals in ancient times.
B. The development history of number systems.
C. The difference between Roman numerals and Arabic numerals.
D. Why tally sticks are not used today.

Scanning
Read and match.
Time/Region Number System
Ancient times
Ancient India
Ancient Rome
tally sticks, draw one stick for each thing
abstract symbols, no real-life shapes
Roman numerals, use letters like “XII”
How did Indian numerals become Arabic numerals and spread Find the key information in the text.
Discussion
Compare Roman numerals and Arabic numerals. What are their advantages or disadvantages
XII
vs
12
Ancient Roman numerals were written in a complex way.
Arabic numerals are more simple.
Post-reading
In modern life, do we still need traditional number systems like Roman numerals Why or why not
While Roman numerals have cultural, historical, and aesthetic value that justifies their preservation in certain contexts, they are not necessary for the practical, day-to-day functioning of modern society. However, they still hold importance in preserving our cultural heritage and providing educational and aesthetic diversity.
Practice
In ancient times, people developed a counting system called (1)__________. Later, people replaced this system with abstract (2)________. These were more convenient because they were quicker to write. The numbers we use today are called (3)_____________. They were invented in (4)_____. Thanks to the (5)______, this system spread to other parts of the world. Sometimes we also see numbers written with (6)________________________ on clock faces and buildings. These are called Roman numerals.
tally sticks
symbols
Arabic numerals
India
Arabs
letters from Roman alphabet
Complete the summary below with the information from the article on page 30.
Complete the sentences with the words below. Change the form if necessary.
(1) The Roman symbol IV _________ the number 4 in Arabic numerals.
(2) This palace was a(n) _________ of the king’s wealth and power.
(3) The Roman alphabet is not the only writing _________ in the world—there are many others.
(4) We don’t know _________ how many animal species there are on Earth.
represents
symbol
system
exactly
What influences did the development of counting methods have on peoples daily lives
短語收藏夾
在古代
發展不同的計數方法
代表
花很長時間去做……
代替；而不是
幾個世紀以來
幸虧……；多虧……
傳播到…
被稱為……
阿拉伯數字
曾經是……
最常見的做法
不如……
in ancient times
develop different counting methods
stand for
take a long time to do ...
instead of
over the centuries
thanks to ...
spread to ...
be known as ...
Arabic numerals
used to be ...
the most common way of doing ...
not as ... as ...
1. Each “stick” (or pebble, or other counting tool) stands for a thing we want to count ...
① stand for 代表 ② count 計算 拓展：count up 共計
Language points
完成句子：
在中國，它們代表著幸福和好運。
They ______ ______ happiness and good luck in China.
比利還不會數數。
Billy can’t ________ yet.
stand for
count
2. Nowadays, they are known as Arabic numerals.
be known as 被稱為……
拓展： be known for; be famous for; be famous for
be known as
含義：意為 “被稱為；作為…… 而出名”，側重表示某人或某物以某種身份、角色或稱號而被大家所熟知。
例句：Mo Yan is known as a great writer.（莫言作為一位偉大的作家而聞名。強調他是以作家這個身份被大家熟知 ）
用法說明：后接表示身份、職業、稱號等的名詞，表明主語被人們認可的特定身份。
be known for
含義：意思是“因……而聞名”，突出某人或某物因為具有某種特點、特長、成就或事物本身所具備的某種性質等而被人們知曉。
例句：France is known for its fine wines and delicious cuisine.（法國因其優質的葡萄酒和美味的菜肴而聞名。強調法國聞名是因為葡萄酒和菜肴這些特點）
用法說明：后接表示特點、特長、成就等的名詞或動名詞，說明使主語出名的原因。
be famous for
含義：與“be known for”意思相近，也是“因……而著名”，同樣強調因為某方面的特點、優勢、成就等讓某人或某物廣為人知。
例句：The city is famous for its beautiful beaches.（這座城市因其美麗的海灘而聞名。突出城市聞名是因為海灘這一特點 ）
用法說明：后面通常接名詞、動名詞等，闡述使主語出名的具體事物或方面。
be famous as
含義：意為“作為……而著名”，主要強調某人或某物以特定的身份、職業、角色等在某個領域或范圍內出名。與“be known as”用法較為相似，但“be famous as”所表達的“著名”程度通常更高，更強調廣為人知的程度。
例句：Lang Lang is famous as a pianist.（郎朗作為一名鋼琴家而聞名。強調郎朗以鋼琴家的身份被眾人熟知，且名氣較大 ）
用法說明：后接表示身份、職業、稱號等的名詞，表明主語在某個領域以特定身份而享有盛譽。
完成句子：
愛迪生被稱為偉大的發明家。
Edison ________________________ a great inventor.
這個小鎮因古老的城堡而聞名。
This town ______________________ its ancient castles.
is known as/is famous as
is known for/is famous for
Translate
①她喝了水，而不是果汁。
②他看書，而不是看電視。
3. Instead of using tally sticks, people began using ...
Instead of 代替；而不是 = rather than
She drank water instead of juice.
She drank water rather than juice.
He reads books instead of watching TV.
He reads books rather than watching TV.
基礎作業：
背誦文本中描述計數法演變的關鍵句子，鞏固語言知識；
拓展作業：
查閱資料，找一個“數字文化趣事”，用英語寫100詞左右短文，下節課分享。

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