資源簡介

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
維度一：品句填詞
根據所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1.This book for kids only c　　　　　　 fifty words， all of which are easily read and understood.
2.Don’t be so s　　　　　　 — I am not speaking ill of you.
3.China will l　　　　　　 more space probes to the moon.
4.It rained， t　　　　　　 the football match was postponed.
5.I was amazed at her knowledge about modern Chinese 　　　　　　（文學）.
6.Physical fitness has now become an important 　　　　　　（要素） in our lives.
7.An interesting 　　　　　　（特征） of the city is the old market preserved well.
8.A writer should provide 　　　　　　（背景） for readers to help them understand what’s happening in a story.
9.Some measures are taken to narrow the 　　　　　　（差距） between the rich and the poor.
10.They were in the process of resolving all the unsettled 　　　　　　（問題）.
維度二：詞形轉換
用所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1.Your choice of clothes is a 　　　　　　（reflect） of your personality.
2.I’d like to give you a 　　　　　　（describe） of the Lantern Festival.
3.Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great 　　　　　　（significant） when we have conflicts with friends.
4.We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and 　　　　　　（determine）.
5.The aim of the summer camp was to 　　　　　　（awake） an interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.
6.Family is a 　　　　　　（universe） theme of writing because it pushes us to consider where we come from and how our experiences have shaped us.
7.Staying at home seemed more 　　　　　　（appeal） than going out for work.
8.Heavy drinking can cause 　　　　　　（permanence） damage to the brain.
9.Some of us are 　　　　　　（sense） to smells， others find colours easier to remember.
10.Basically， the article can be 　　　　　　（summary） in three sentences.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據漢語及括號內提示完成下列句子。
1.她正在路上走著， 突然聽到有人大聲呼救。（be doing ...when ...）
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　she heard someone shouting for help.
2.走在教練身后的是穿著藍色隊服的我們的隊員們。（完全倒裝）
Behind the coach 　　　　　　　　　　　　wearing blue suits.
3.最令我驚訝的是這個小女孩小提琴拉得那么好。（what引導名詞性從句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the little girl could play the violin so well.
4.畢業后，我們到了不得不決定下一步該做什么的階段了。（where引導定語從句）
After graduation we reached a point 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.那個男孩在窗前做著鬼臉， 透過窗戶我們可以看到幾雙鞋子。（“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句）
The boy is making faces in front of the window，　　　　　　　　　　　　 some pairs of shoes.
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內容， 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
　　We can get a lot of benefits 1.　　　　　　 reading literature， as reading literature 2.　　 　　　
（create） a world of dreams and magic for us.Literature has appealed 3.　　　　　　 so many people with its three significant 4.　　　　　　（quality）.Firstly， literature presents truth and beauty.Those who read literary works will be able to see the 5.　　　　　　 （hide） beauty too.Secondly， literature can appeal to people to dig out their own feelings.6.　　　　　　 attracts people most is that literature can use its words 7.　　　　　　 （awake） us up to have the power to feel and imagine， 8.　　　　　　 guides us into a world of love， beauty and heroism.Thirdly， with the two features above combined， literature will try to be 9.　　　　　　 （permanence）.In summary， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the 10.　　　　　　 （write） record of man’s thoughts and feelings， and the history of the human soul.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird started as novels.But you probably didn’t know that these other famous movies also came from books.
　　Hidden Figures
　　This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s.It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction book and the movie did boost sales of the book.
　　Forrest Gump
　　The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards， including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks.Although the movie’s box-office success gave the book a huge boost， it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
　　The Girl on the Train
　　Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller， about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window， was a huge success.But unlike the fast-paced， can’t-be-put-down quality of the novel， the movie was boring.
　　Field of Dreams
　　It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie：Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield， and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams， childhood heroes， and healing the pain of the past.The 1989 movie was adapted from W.P.Kinsella’s 1982 original， Shoeless Joe， but cut out some extra characters.
1.Which is the best choice for a person who loves math？（　　）
A.Hidden Figures.
B.Forrest Gump.
C.The Girl on the Train.
D.Field of Dreams.
2.Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the text？（　　）
A.Paula Hawkin.
B.Winston Groom.
C.Tom Hanks.
D.W.P.Kinsella.
3.What is special about Field of Dreams？（　　）
A.It is a romantic comedy.
B.It presents several themes.
C.It was released in 1982 for the first time.
D.It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe.
B
　　My little son is writing his first book.He’s not the first of our family’s second generation to follow in my path.Since outing myself as an author， more than a few of my nephews and nieces have sought to outdo my efforts.Last month， my nephew Daniel laughed at me when I told him it had taken me three years to write my book， since he’d written two that weekend alone.And my niece Anna wrote a story — Two Children， Millions of Doors and Good and Evil — that was generally readable.
　　I’ve had many conversations with them about their works， because passing my wisdom to the next generation is the least that should be expected of a famous author like me.And I can promise you that these conversations are a two-way street.They help me keep up with the times， and I suggest indirectly that their lack of copyright （沒有版權） means I can take their best ideas for my own work any time I choose.They’re smart kids， so they get it.
　　My son’s first book is about his grandad’s birthday， so luckily Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure is every bit the adventure its title suggests.“They saw fruits that they liked，” is its opening line， perhaps because of the fact that he was eating fruits at the time.“Then，” comes the next line， “they saw vegetable monsters （怪物）.”“Then they went to outer space，” appears on the following page， filled with a rocket （火箭） ship， aliens and planets， “and finally” comes the conclusion， “they went to Hook Lighthouse.”
　　This ending at a landmark on Ireland’s southeast coast is a good example of misdirection and a way to show his respect for his grandad， who takes him there most summers.More importantly， it shows he’s learned the true secret to any good story：take away all the flowery parts and keep it simple.All you really need is a beginning， a middle， and an end.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph？（　　）
A.To describe the efforts he made to be a famous writer.
B.To show his influence on the writing of his family’s children.
C.To compare his nephew Daniel’s story with his niece Anna’s story.
D.To stress the importance of parents reading books to their children.
5.What benefit does the author gain from chatting with his nephews and nieces？（　　）
A.He feels less bored.
B.He draws fresh ideas.
C.He gets a sense of achievement.
D.He has higher expectations for himself.
6.Which event lasts the longest in Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure？（　　）
A.The characters explored outer space.
B.The characters fought with monsters.
C.The characters spent time eating fruits.
D.The characters went to Hook Lighthouse.
7.What does the author think of a good story？（　　）
A.It should be based on unusual happenings.
B.It should include a surprising ending.
C.It should have at least three parts.
D.It should be simple and direct.
C
　　Two “stolen” notebooks， Notebooks B and C， written by Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University on 9 March， 22 years after they were last seen， but who returned them is a real whodunit.They were left anonymously （匿名地） in a bright pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope， on which was printed a short message：“Librarian， Happy Easter X.”
　　With an action plan to use advanced information technology to preserve important culture heritage， the notebooks were originally removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the library in September 2000， with the photography request completed in November 2000.During a following routine check in January 2001， it was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been returned to its proper place.
　　For many years， previous university librarians believed that the notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of Cambridge University Library.Despite a number of searches over the years， they remained undiscovered.At the start of 2020， a new search — the largest in the library’s history — was arranged by the librarian Dr Gardner， involving specialist staff assigned to search specific zones of the library’s storage facilities.However， this failed to locate the notebooks， leading to the conclusion， with the help of national experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery， that they had likely been stolen.
　　In July 1837， Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of his notebooks， “I think”.Then he drew a sketch （草圖） of a tree， attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of species.More than 20 years later， Darwin published On the Origin of Species.Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called “that mystery of mysteries”， the origin of new species.
8.Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place？（　　）
A.They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B.They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C.They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D.They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
9.When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks？（　　）
A.After completing the photography.
B.After routine check in January 2001.
C.After the largest search in the library’s history.
D.After discovering the returned notebooks.
10.What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A.Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B.It took over 5 months to complete the photography in the library.
C.At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D.Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
11.Which is this passage most likely taken from？（　　）
A.A textbook.
B.A newspaper.
C.A science report.
D.An introduction to a book.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and researchers， who specialise in a given field.Why is literature important？Let’s see.
　　Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social criteria （準則）.They’re a description of the different aspects of common people’s lives.12.（　　） They also encourage imagination and creativity.Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing one with the finest educational opportunities.On the other hand， the lack of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving （剝奪） one of the opportunity to grow.
　　Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding principles of life.Works by poets like Homer， Plato， Sappho， Horace and many more are timeless.13.（　　） The Lord of the Rings and A Tale of Two Cities are some of the best-selling books of all time that have entertained several generations.
　　There are also great works in children’s literature.Amused by the stories they tell， kids associate themselves with these books’ characters and idealise some of them.Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers to let the kids learn important lessons in life.Aesop， Enid Blyton， and Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular children’s authors.14.（　　）
　　True， languages are the building blocks of literature.But the study of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.15.（　　） A degree in language and literature perhaps can’t provide one with everything literature can offer.Its scope （范圍） is so deep and wide that even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature.
　　16.（　　） Great literary and poetic works help a person take a closer look at the different aspects of living.In many ways， literature， in its different forms， can change one’s attitude towards living.
A.Literature helps understand life.
B.Literature has an effect on health and wealth.
C.They have enriched the childhoods of so many.
D.Classical literary works serve as food for thought.
E.In fact， literature can’t be limited to an educational course.
F.They have always amused their readers and will continue to.
G.Instead， literature lays the foundation for a wealthy life， adding “life” to “living”.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.contains　2.sensitive　3.launch　4.therefore
5.literature　6.element　7.feature　8.context　9.gap　10.issues
維度二
1.reflection　2.description　3.significance　4.determination
5.awaken　6.universal　7.appealing　8.permanent
9.sensitive　10.summarized
維度三
1.was walking down the road when
2.walked our team
3.What surprised me most was that
4.where we had to decide what to do next
5.through which we can see
維度四
1.from　2.creates　3.to　4.qualities　5.hidden　6.What　7.to awaken　8.which　9.permanent　10.written
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四部根據文學作品改編的著名影片。
1.A　細節理解題。根據Hidden Figures中的第一句可知，Hidden Figures講述了真實人物凱瑟琳·約翰遜和其他非洲裔女性數學家的故事，所以喜歡數學的人可以選擇這部電影。
2.C　細節理解題。根據Forrest Gump中的第一句可知，Tom Hanks贏得了奧斯卡最佳男主角獎。
3.B　推理判斷題。根據Field of Dreams部分第一句可知，電影Field of Dreams探討了失落的夢想、童年英雄和治愈過去的痛苦等主題。由此可知，這部電影有好幾個主題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在寫作方面影響了家族中的下一代，并著重介紹了他兒子寫的故事。
4.B　目的意圖題。根據第一段內容可知，作者是一名作家，在他的影響下，他的兒子、侄子和侄女都追隨他的腳步創作自己的故事書，他甚至評價侄女Anna的故事可讀性強。由此推斷，本段中作者介紹了他在寫作方面給家族的孩子們產生的影響。本段中的out作動詞，意為“揭露，公布（別人想要保守的秘密）”；outdo作動詞，意為“勝過”。
5.B　細節理解題。根據第二段倒數第二句可知，作者在與他的侄子和侄女聊天中受益匪淺，獲得了一些新的寫作靈感。
6.A　推理判斷題。倒數第二段作者詳細介紹了他兒子創作的故事內容，作者兒子寫的故事中，關于他們（故事的主人公們）在外太空的篇幅長達一頁。由此可知，該故事中這個事件持續時間最長。
7.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的倒數第二句可知，作者認為兒子掌握了寫作的秘訣：去繁從簡。由此可知，他認為好的故事應該簡單且直接。flowery作形容詞，意為“過分復雜費解的；華而不實的”。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了兩本被盜的筆記本被神秘地歸還給了劍橋大學一事。
8.D　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知，這兩本筆記本被從特別收藏室拿出來的原因是需要通過拍照記錄的方式進行更好的保護。
9.C　細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，在經歷圖書館歷史上最大規模的一次搜索之后，圖書館才確認這兩本筆記本被盜。
10.C　細節理解題。根據第三段第一句可知，起初圖書管理員認為筆記本只是被放錯了地方，并沒有被偷。
11.B　文章出處題。通讀全文尤其是第一段內容可知，本文主要介紹了兩本被盜的筆記本被神秘歸還一事，第一段交代了時間、地點以及主要經過，所以本文為新聞報道，即選自報紙。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了文學的重要性。
12.D　設空處后一句提到了文學作品的其中一個作用，根據其中的關鍵詞also可知，設空處也應提到文學作品的作用。D項（經典文學作品是思想的食糧）符合語境。
13.F　空前一句論述了一些偉大的詩人的作品是永不過時的，F項（它們總是為讀者提供消遣，并將繼續這樣做）符合語境，接著論述這些作品的影響力，F項中的They指代前一句中的Works。
14.C　根據本段首句可知，本段介紹的是兒童文學的影響；空前一句列舉了一些兒童文學作家，C項（他們豐富了許多人的童年）與本段兒童文學主題一致，C項中的They指代前一句中提到的兒童文學作家。
15.E　空前一句指出文學研究不能局限于語言研究，空后一句又指出一個語言文學學位也許不能提供文學所能提供的一切。由此可推知，文學范圍很廣，不能僅限于語言研究，E項（事實上，文學不能局限于一門教育課程）與此處語義一致，符合語境。
16.A　結合空后的內容可知，本段主要講述文學對生活的影響。故A項（文學有助于理解生活）符合語境，能夠概括本段主旨。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
The wonder of literature①
[1]A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell② and held it to his ear.Suddenly he heard strange， low， musical sounds.These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder.[2]Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange， and that the shell caught a range of③ sounds too faint for human ears.[3]What amazed the child was not a new world， but the unnoticed④ music of the old.
　　[1]be doing ...when ...意為“正在做……這時……”，when用作并列連詞，表示“就在這時/那時”，相當于and at this/that time。
　　[2]explained后接兩個that引導的賓語從句，第一個that可以省略，但是第二個that不可以省略。
　　[3]What amazed the child是主語從句，且What在從句中作主語；not ...but ...意為“不是……而是……”，連接兩個并列成分。
　　Some such experience as this lies in store⑤ for us when we begin the study of literature.[4]Let a little song appeal⑥ to the ear， or a great book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.To enter and enjoy this new world， we need to love literature， and make an effort to explain it.[5]Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these， if the book is to speak its whole message.[6]In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.The first step is to determine⑦ some of its significant⑧qualities.
　　[4]句中or a great book to the heart是省略句，完整的表述是or let a great book appeal to the heart。使用省略的目的是避免重復，使語言精練。
　　[5]本句使用了排比的修辭手法，可以增強語言感染力。三個分句都是表語前置的完全倒裝句。
[6]句中where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞point。　　The first quality of literature is its description⑨ of truth and beauty.[7]Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive⑩ human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shellreflects the unnoticed sounds.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass； but a poet stops， looks deeper， sees truth and beauty， and writes，“Yesterday’s flowers am I.”[8]One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
　　[7]本句主句是“主系表”結構的句子。until引導時間狀語從句； as引導方式狀語從句。
[8]句中who reads it是定語從句，修飾先行詞One； 主句謂語是is capable of； that was hidden from his eyes before 是that引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞the beauty。
　　The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.[9]Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.[10]When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen， “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships？” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world， a world of love， beauty and heroism.
　　[11]The third quality of literature， coming out of the other two， is its permanence .To achieve this， it should contain two elements： universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature — love and hate， joy and sadness， fear and hope.It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
　　[9]句中what it awakens 和 what it says均為what引導的賓語從句，作lies in的賓語。
　　[10]When引導時間狀語從句；that引導定語從句；through which our imagination enters ...是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞 door。
　　[11]句中coming out of the other two是動詞-ing短語作定語，相當于一個非限制性定語從句which comes out of the other two。
　　In summary ， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the history of the human soul.
（Adapted from William J.Long’s English Literature： Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World）
【讀文清障】
①literature n.文學，文學作品
works of literature 文學作品
classic literature 經典文學
literary adj.文學的，文學上的
literal adj.文字上的，字面意義的
②shell n.貝殼；殼
hold shell to one’s ear 把貝殼放在耳邊
③a range of 一系列……，各種各樣的
④unnoticed adj.未受到注意的；被忽視的；未被看見的
⑤in store （for sb）即將發生（在某人身上），等待著（某人）
⑥appeal vi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁 n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁
appeal to 有吸引力，有感染力，引起興趣
⑦determine vt.確定；支配；決心vi.決心
determined adj.堅決的，果斷的，有決心的
determination n.決心，果斷
⑧significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的
significance n.重要性，意義
⑨description n.描述，形容，說明
give a detailed description of 對……作詳細的說明
⑩sensitive adj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的
a sensitive human soul 一個敏銳的人類靈魂
reflect vt.& vi.反映，顯示；映出（影像）；反射（聲、光、熱等）；沉思
reflection n.反射；反映；沉思
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力強的
be capable of 能夠；有能力
lie in 在于
[同義]consist in 在于；存在于
awaken vt.& vi.喚起，被喚起；（使） 醒來
awake vt.& vi.喚醒；（使）醒來；喚起，被喚起
adj.醒著的（尤指入睡前或剛醒時）
launch vt.使（船）下水；開始從事，發動
launch a ship 讓船起航
launch a spaceship 發射宇宙飛船
permanence n.永久，持久性
permanent adj.永久的，持久的
contain vt.包含，含有，容納
contain oneself 克制自己；自制
[聯想] sth included/including sth 包括某物
universal adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的
universal interest 廣泛的關切
a universal language 通用語言
human nature 人性
take on 承擔；呈現，具有；雇用
summary n.總結，概括，概要
in summary 總的來說
in forms of 以……形式
in the form of 以……形式
【參考譯文】
文學的奇妙之處
　　孩子和男人在海灘上散步，孩子發現了一枚貝殼，把它放到了耳邊。突然，他聽到了奇怪、低沉、悅耳的聲音。這聲音仿佛來自另一個世界，孩子聽后十分驚奇。隨后男子解釋說其實孩子聽到的聲音并沒有什么奇怪的，只不過是貝殼捕捉到了各種對人的耳朵來說太微弱的聲音而已。讓孩子為之驚奇的其實不是一個新世界，而是舊世界那被人忽視的樂音。
當我們開始學習文學的時候，我們可能就會有一些像這樣的體驗。讓一首小曲娛悅我們的耳朵，讓一部巨著觸動我們的心靈，這樣我們便會發現一個全新的世界，一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。要進入這個新世界，并享受其中的樂趣，我們需要熱愛文學，并盡力去解讀它。每本書背后都有一個人，此人身后是一個族群，這個族群背后是自然和社會環境。如果一本書要傳遞完整的信息，我們就必須理解所有這些內容。總之，我們現在已經到了想要欣賞和理解文學的階段。第一步是確定它的一些重要特質。
文學的第一個特質是它對真與美的描寫。有些真與美一直不為人所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現出來一樣。一百個人路過一片田野時，眼中所見的可能都只是枯草，而一位詩人則會停下腳步，看得更透，他看到真與美，并且寫下這樣的詩句：“昨日我曾是鮮花。”讀到這句詩的人可以發現曾視而不見的美。
文學的第二個特質在于它能打動我們的情感，啟發我們的想象力。文學的魅力更多在于它喚起了我們什么，而不在于它說了什么。當克里斯托弗·馬洛筆下的浮士德博士當著海倫的面問道：“這就是讓一千艘戰艦起航的那張面孔嗎？”他便打開了一扇門，通過這扇門，我們的想象力抵達了一個充滿愛、美和英雄主義的新世界。
文學的第三個特質是其持久的生命力，它源于前兩個特質。要實現這一點，它須包含兩個要素：廣泛的關切和個人的風格。好的文學作品反映了人性最基本的本質——愛與恨、喜與悲、恐懼與希望。它也帶有個人風格——沒有哪個作家能夠在描寫人類的生活時不反映其個人生活和經歷。
總之，文學是以真和美的形式對生命的表達，是人類思想和感情的寫照，是人類靈魂的歷史。
（改編自威廉· J.朗恩的《英國文學：歷史及其對英語世界生活的意義》）
第一步：析架構，理文本脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精讀文，達明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the purpose of the story in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.To amuse the readers.
B.To kill the time.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To praise the man.
2.What should we do to enter and enjoy the new world mentioned in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.Determine literature’s qualities.
B.Love literature and try to explain it.
C.Study literature and enjoy little songs or great books.
D.Understand human race and the natural and social environments.
3.What elements should the literature contain to achieve permanence？（　　）
A.Truth and beauty.
B.Dreams and magic.
C.The author’s thoughts and feelings.
D.Universal interest and personal style.
4.Which of the following is NOT the most basic of human nature？（　　）
A.Success. B.Sadness.
C.Hate. D.Hope.
5.According to the author， good literature 　　　　.（　　）
A.describes the truth and beauty
B.contains at least two elements
C.reflects the author’s life and experiences
D.reflects the most basic of human nature
第三步：通詞句，學語言表達
1.詞匯學習——循規律，記單詞
（1）同/近義詞、反義詞
恰當使用同義詞、近義詞和反義詞能夠增強語言表達的精確性，增強語言的表現力，展現文學詞匯的多彩性，增強讀者的閱讀興趣。
本篇文章中運用了幾對同義詞、近義詞以及反義詞，請找出并試著自己再寫出一些。
①同/近義詞： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②反義詞：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）名詞后綴-ce/-er
①significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的＋去t＋-ce→significance n.意義；重要性
例如：important→importance n.重要性
different→difference n.不同；差異
silent→silence n.沉默
②contain vt.包含，含有，容納＋-er→container n.容器；集裝箱
例如：cook→cooker n.炊具，廚灶
play→player n.播放器；運動員；參與者
compute→computer n.計算機；電腦
2.美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
排比是把三個或三個以上結構相同或相似、意思密切相關、語氣一致的詞語或句子成串地排列在一起的一種修辭方法。
請從課文中找出一個排比句。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
devote oneself to 致力，專心，獻身
【教材原句】　My meaning simply is， that whatever I have tried to do in life， I have tried with all my heart to do well； that whatever I have devoted myself to ...
我的意思很簡單，就是我無論在生活中試圖做什么，我都會全心全意去做好；我致力于做的任何事 ……
【用法】
（1）devote vt. 致力，獻身，傾注；用于
devote one’s life/time/money/energy to（doing） sth 把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于（做）某事（2）devoted adj.　　忠誠的；全心全意的
be devoted to （doing） sth 專心于/致力于（做）某事
（3）devotion n. 關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠
【佳句】　Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education.
每個人都稱贊她獻身教育事業。
【練透】　完成句子
①The twins 　　　　　　　　　　　　and didn’t notice their father come in.
這對雙胞胎專心做飯，沒有注意到他們的父親進來了。
②He 　　　　　　　　　reading literature.
他所有的業余時間都用來讀文學作品了。
【寫美】　句式升級（根據要求升級句①）
③　　　　　　　　　　， the twins didn’t notice their father come in.（動詞-ing短語作狀語）
④　　　　　　　　， the twins didn’t notice their father come in.（過去分詞短語作狀語）
appeal vi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁 n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁
【教材原句】　Let a little song appeal to the ear， or a great book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.讓一首小曲娛悅我們的耳朵，讓一部巨著觸動我們的心靈，這樣我們便會發現一個全新的世界，一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。
【用法】
（1）appeal to sb/sth　吸引/迎合某人或某物
appeal to sb for sth　　呼吁/懇求某人某事
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
（2）make an appeal to sb for sth為某事向某人呼吁或請求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/懇求某人做某事
（3）appealing adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的
【佳句】　The book appeals to readers of all ages and establishes a literary bond between parents and children.
這本書老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之間建立了文學紐帶。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The author makes 　　　　appeal to us to be more kind to animals.
②What’s more， it is another effective way to appeal 　　　　the news media.
③The government appealed to the International Red Cross 　　　　　　（help） the people suffering from the floods.
④Sport has become an important form of entertainment， 　　　　　　（appeal） to both men and women.
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤Mark Twain’s novels 　　　　　　　　.
馬克·吐溫的小說吸引各個社會群體的讀者。
determine vt.確定；支配；決心 vi.決心
【教材原句】　The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
第一步是確定它的一些重要特質。
【用法】
（1）determine to do sth 決心做某事（表示動作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth 決定（做）某事
（2）determined adj. 堅決的；有決心的
be determined to do sth 決心做某事（表示狀態）
（3）determination n. 決心；決定
【佳句】　He determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.
他決定今年暑假到紐約旅行。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①From his 　　　　　　（determine） look， we can know his confidence.
②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties with 　　　　　　（determine）.
【寫美】　完成句子
③Five years ago he was forced to leave his hometown， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（形容詞短語作狀語）
五年前他被迫離開家鄉，下決心再也不會回來。
significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的
【用法】
（1）significant＝important/meaningful　　　　　　　　重要的，有意義的
it is significant that sb （should） do sth 某人做某事很重要
（2）significance n. 重要，重要性，意義
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
attach （great/little） significance to ...認為……（很/幾乎不）重要
（3）significantly adv. 有重大意義地，顯著地
【佳句】　Keep in mind that it is very significant for us students to keep healthy.
請記住，對我們學生來說，保持健康是非常重要的。
【聯想】　常見的“be＋of＋抽象名詞”結構還有：
be of use/importance/help/value/benefit/ ...
【練透】　同義句替換
①Teachers should value the development of students’ reading ability.
→Teachers should 　　　　　　　　　　developing students’ reading ability.
②It’s very significant for a graduate to find a proper job.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 for a graduate to find a proper job.
③I think his research on renewable energy sources is of great significance.
→I think his research on renewable energy sources 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Your success today may 　　　　　　　　for your whole future.
你今天的成功對你的整個未來可能是重要的。
reflect vt.& vi.反映，顯示；映出（影像）；反射（聲、光、熱等）；沉思
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
有些真與美一直不為人所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現出來一樣。
【用法】
（1）reflect on/upon　仔細考慮/沉思/反省……
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
（2）reflection n. 反映，表達；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 經過考慮后（改變看法）
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
【佳句】　The lake is calm and clear， and an old tower is reflected in the water.
湖面平靜清澈， 一座古塔倒映在水面上。
They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards life.
它們（節日）反映了人類的愿望、信仰、信念以及對生活的態度。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The manager needs time to reflect 　　　　the likely consequences of this plan.
②The trees along the shore are reflected 　　　　the clear water.
③When he is alone， he is often lost in 　　　　（reflect）.
④　　　　 reflection， I changed my decision.
【寫美】　句式升級
⑤There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（動詞-ed短語作定語）
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力強的
【教材原句】　One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.讀到這句詩的人可以發現曾視而不見的美。
【用法】
（1）be capable of doing sth　　　　有能力做某事
（2）capability n. 能力，才能
have the capability to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的能力
【佳句】　He is a student capable of solving difficult math problems.
他是一個有能力解決數學難題的學生。
She has the capability of becoming an excellent teacher.
她有能力成為一名出色的教師。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Their example shows us what we are all capable 　　　　.
②This work needs patience and skills， which is beyond my 　　　　　　（capable）.
③They have the capability 　　　　　　（complete） the task in a week.
【寫美】　詞匯升級
④Our English teacher can make the class full of joy.
→Our English teacher 　　　　　　　　　　the class full of joy.（capable）
draw on 憑借，利用
【教材原句】　No doubt drawing on his own experiences， Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.
毫無疑問，憑借自己的生活經歷，曹雪芹對當時的生活作了詳細的描述。
【用法】
draw up　　起草，擬訂；制訂
draw back 退縮，收回
draw in （火車等）進站、到達；吸（氣）
draw out 取出；（白晝）漸長；拉長；使暢所欲言
draw near 靠近，臨近
【佳句】　A writer has to draw on his imagination and experiences to write his books.
作家必須利用自己的想象力和經歷去寫他的書。
The summer vacation is drawing near.What are you going to do？
暑假快到了。你打算做什么？
【練透】　介、副詞填空
①This group of designers drew 　　　　a plan for the project of the company.
②He will not draw 　　　　from what he has promised.
③Lie on your back and draw 　　　　long breaths of it.
④As an actor， she drew 　　　　her own skills to perform well.
【寫美】　詞匯升級
⑤You can solve the problems easily if you use your own life experience.
→You can solve the problems easily if you 　　　　　　your own life experience.
Part Ⅱ　中頻詞匯特訓
sensitive adj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的；易受傷的；善解人意的
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
有些真與美一直不為人所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現出來一樣。
【用法】
（1）be sensitive to　　對……敏感的/體諒的
be sensitive about 介意；在乎
（2）sense n. 感覺官能；觀念
make sense 有意義；能理解
make sense of 理解；明白
there is no sense in doing sth 做某事無意義
in a sense 在某種意義上
sense of touch 觸覺
【佳句】　Old people tend to be very sensitive to cold.
老年人一般對寒冷很敏感。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore they are very sensitive 　　　　water temperature.
②You are too sensitive 　　　　what people think of you， which will make you exhausted.
【寫美】　完成句子
③Being admitted into a key university will give you 　　　　　　　　　　.
被一所重點大學錄取會給你一種成就感。
④He is equipped with 　　　　　　　　justice and responsibility.
他具有強烈的正義感和責任感。
contain vt.包含，含有，容納；抑制（感情）
【教材原句】　To achieve this， it should contain two elements： universal interest and personal style.要實現這一點，它須包含兩個要素：廣泛的關切和個人的風格。
【辨析】　contain & include
contain 多指包含所含之物的全部，或某種成分，側重含的量與成分 contain oneself 克制自己；自制
include 多指包含所含之物的一部分，強調整體與部分的關系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 結構
【佳句】　This kind of vegetable is beneficial to your health， as it contains a lot of vitamins.
這種蔬菜對你的健康有益，因為它富含維生素。
【練透】　語境辨義/完成句子
①How much liquid do you think this bottle contains？ 　　　　　
②She could no longer contain her anger and shouted at him uncontrollably. 　　　　　
③The woman was too sad to 　　　　　　when her husband died from the crash.
當丈夫死于撞車事故時，這名女子悲傷得無法克制自己。
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④這種飲料不含任何酒精。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅲ　重點句型解構
句型公式：be doing ...when ... 正在做……這時……
【教材原句】　A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.孩子和男人在海灘上散步，孩子發現了一枚貝殼，把它放到了耳邊。
【用法】
be about to do ...when ...正要做……這時……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……這時……
had just done ...when ... 剛做完……這時……
had hardly done ...when ...剛做完……這時……
（when在以上句型中用作并列連詞，when相當于and at this/that time）
【品悟】　We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我們正在開會，這時有人闖了進來。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.我剛上床睡覺，這時電話鈴響了。
【寫美】　完成句子/一句多譯
①John 　　　　　　　he heard a loud noise.
約翰正在他的房間里學習，突然他聽到一聲巨響。
②He 　　　　　　　　　he saw a shark.
他剛要跳水，突然看到了一條鯊魚。
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　　he called me.
我剛打開門，他就打電話給我。
④熊正要攻擊我，這時救援隊到了。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（be on the point of doing ... when ...）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（be about to do ...when ...）
句型公式：what引導的主語從句
【教材原句】　What amazed the child was not a new world， but the unnoticed music of the old.
讓孩子為之驚奇的其實不是一個新世界，而是舊世界那被人忽視的樂音。
【用法】
句中What引導主語從句，意為“所……的”，在從句中作主語。what可以引導主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。
（1）表示“……的東西或事情”，相當于the things/thing that。
（2）表示“……的人”，相當于the person that。
（3）表示“……的數量或數目”，相當于the number/amount that。
（4）表示“……的時間”，相當于the time that。
（5）表示“……的地方”，相當于the place that。
【品悟】　What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water.
使河水更美麗的是水里種植的荷花。
In 1492， Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥倫布到達了現在所稱的美洲大陸。
【寫美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　 describes a bright future for us.
您在會上所說的話，為我們描繪了光明的未來。
②This is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
這是我們正在尋找的東西。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 is a good-sized canvas bag.
你需要的是一個比較大的帆布袋。
④Our school is located in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我們的學校位于曾經是一片小樹林的地方。
⑤Your future is in your hands. Your life is 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你的未來就在你的手中。你的生活由你創造。 （應用文寫作之演講稿）
句型公式：介詞短語位于句首引起的完全倒裝
【教材原句】　Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
每本書背后都有一個人，此人身后是一個族群，這個族群背后是自然和社會環境。
【用法】
（1）表示地點、方向、時間等的介詞短語位于句首，且句子的主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用完全倒裝。
（2）表示方向、地點和時間的副詞，如in、 out、down、up、off、back、away、over there、there、now、then、here等位于句首， 且句子的主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用完全倒裝。
【品悟】　On the top of the hill stands a building.
山頂上矗立著一座建筑。
Present at this year’s music festival were the school headmaster， teachers， students and some of the students’ parents.
出席觀看本年度音樂節的有校長、老師、學生和一些學生家長。
【寫美】　完成句子
①John opened the door.　　　　　　　　 he had never seen before.
約翰打開了門。那兒站著他以前從來沒有見過的一個女孩。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 an old painting.
后墻上掛著一幅陳舊的畫。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at the end of the year.
然后是年底的最終頒獎典禮。
④By the side of the teaching building of our school 　　　　　　　　　　　　， which was completed in 2009.
在我們學校的教學樓旁邊有一座圖書館，它于2009年建成。 （應用文寫作之學校生活）
句型公式：抽象地點名詞＋where引導的定語從句
【教材原句】　In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.總之，我們現在已經到了想要欣賞和理解文學的階段。
【用法】
（1）句中where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞point，point表示抽象地點。
（2）當先行詞為抽象地點名詞case、 situation、 position、 atmosphere、 stage、 activity、 family、 point等，且關系詞在從句中作狀語時，常用where或in which來引導定語從句。
（3）抽象地點名詞后的定語從句中，如果關系詞作主語或賓語，則需要用that或which引導。
【品悟】　We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我們到了需要改變的地步了。
【寫美】　完成句子/句式升級
①Sales manager is a position 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
銷售經理是一個溝通能力與銷售技能一樣重要的職位。
②Let’s think of a situation 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我們來想一個使用這個習語的場合。
③Students should involve themselves in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities.（用定語從句合并升級）
→Students should involve themselves in community activities 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.a shell　2.the unnoticed music　3.description
4.feelings and imagination　5.personal style
6.significance
第二步
1－5　CBDAD
第三步
1.（1）①attraction—appeal，low—faint，unnoticed—hidden，significant—important， love—enjoy
②joy—sadness，new—old，love—hate，important—unimportant
2.Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
【核心知識·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①were devoted to cooking 　②devoted all his free time to
③Devoting themselves to cooking　④Devoted to cooking
2.①an　②to　③to help　④appealing
⑤appeal to readers of all social groups
3.①determined　②determination
③determined never to come back
4.①attach significance to　②It is of great significance
③is very significant　④be significant/be of significance
5.①on/upon　②in　③reflection　④On/Upon
⑤reflected in the picture
6.①of　②capability　③to complete　④is capable of making
7.①up　②back　③in　④on　⑤draw on
Part Ⅱ
1.①to　②about/to　③a sense of achievement
④a deep sense of
2.①包含，容納　②抑制（感情）　③contain herself
④This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
Part Ⅲ
1.①was studying in his room when
②was just about to dive when
③had hardly opened the door when
④The bear was on the point of attacking me when the rescue team arrived.
⑤The bear was about to attack me when the rescue team arrived.
2.①What you said at the meeting　②what we are looking for
③What you need　④what used to be a small wood
⑤what you make of it
3.①There stood a girl　②On the back wall hangs
③Then came the final awards ceremony
④stands the library
4.①where communication ability is as important as sales skills　②where this idiom can be used
③where they can gain experience for growth(共127張PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解 · 釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
[1]A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child
found a shell② and held it to his ear.Suddenly he heard strange， low，
musical sounds.These sounds seemed to be from another world and the
child listened to them with wonder.[2]Then the man explained that the
child heard nothing strange， and that the shell caught a range of③ sounds
too faint for human ears.[3]What amazed the child was not a new
world， but the unnoticed④ music of the old.
The wonder of literature①
　　[1]be doing ...when ...意為“正在做……這時……”，when用
作并列連詞，表示“就在這時/那時”，相當于and at this/that time。
　　[2]explained后接兩個that引導的賓語從句，第一個that可以省
略，但是第二個that不可以省略。
　　[3]What amazed the child是主語從句，且What在從句中作主語；
not ...but ...意為“不是……而是……”，連接兩個并列成分。
【讀文清障】
①literature n.文學，文學作品
works of literature 文學作品
classic literature 經典文學
literary adj.文學的，文學上的
literal adj.文字上的，字面意義的
②shell n.貝殼；殼
hold shell to one’s ear 把貝殼放在耳邊
③a range of 一系列……，各種各樣的
④unnoticed adj.未受到注意的；被忽視的；未被看見的
　　Some such experience as this lies in store⑤ for us when we begin the
study of literature.[4]Let a little song appeal⑥ to the ear， or a great
book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and
magic.To enter and enjoy this new world， we need to love literature，
and make an effort to explain it.[5]Behind every book is a man， behind
the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social
environments.We must know all these， if the book is to speak its whole
message.[6]In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to
enjoy and understand literature.The first step is to determine⑦ some of its
significant⑧qualities.
　　[4]句中or a great book to the heart是省略句，完整的表述是or let
a great book appeal to the heart。使用省略的目的是避免重復，使語言
精練。
　　[5]本句使用了排比的修辭手法，可以增強語言感染力。三個分
句都是表語前置的完全倒裝句。
[6]句中where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞point。
⑤in store （for sb）即將發生（在某人身上），等待著（某人）
⑥appeal vi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁 n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁
appeal to 有吸引力，有感染力，引起興趣
⑦determine vt.確定；支配；決心vi.決心
determined adj.堅決的，果斷的，有決心的
determination n.決心，果斷
⑧significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的
significance n.重要性，意義
　　The first quality of literature is its description⑨ of truth and
beauty.[7]Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive⑩
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead
grass； but a poet stops， looks deeper， sees truth and beauty， and
writes，“Yesterday’s flowers am I. ”[8]One who reads it is capable
of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
　　[7]本句主句是“主系表”結構的句子。until引導時間狀語從
句； as引導方式狀語從句。
[8]句中who reads it是定語從句，修飾先行詞One； 主句謂語是
is capable of； that was hidden from his eyes before 是that引導的定語從
句，修飾先行詞the beauty。
⑨description n.描述，形容，說明
give a detailed description of 對……作詳細的說明
⑩sensitive adj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的
a sensitive human soul 一個敏銳的人類靈魂
reflect vt.& vi.反映，顯示；映出（影像）；反射（聲、光、熱
等）；沉思
reflection n.反射；反映；沉思
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力強的
be capable of 能夠；有能力
　　The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and
imagination.[9]Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than
what it says.[10]When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in
the presence of Helen， “Was this the face that launched a thousand
ships？” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new
world， a world of love， beauty and heroism.
　　[11]The third quality of literature， coming out of the other two， is
its permanence .To achieve this， it should contain two elements：
universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most
basic of human nature — love and hate， joy and sadness， fear and
hope.It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life
without reflecting his own life and experiences.
　　[9]句中what it awakens 和 what it says均為what引導的賓語從
句，作lies in的賓語。
　　[10]When引導時間狀語從句；that引導定語從句；through which
our imagination enters ...是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句，修
飾先行詞 door。
　　[11]句中coming out of the other two是動詞-ing短語作定語，相當
于一個非限制性定語從句which comes out of the other two。
lie in 在于
[同義]consist in 在于；存在于
awaken vt.& vi.喚起，被喚起；（使） 醒來
awake vt.& vi.喚醒；（使）醒來；喚起，被喚起
adj.醒著的（尤指入睡前或剛醒時）
launch vt.使（船）下水；開始從事，發動
launch a ship 讓船起航
launch a spaceship 發射宇宙飛船
permanence n.永久，持久性
permanent adj.永久的，持久的
contain vt.包含，含有，容納
contain oneself 克制自己；自制
[聯想] sth included/including sth包括某物
universal adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的
universal interest 廣泛的關切
a universal language 通用語言
human nature 人性
take on 承擔；呈現，具有；雇用
　　In summary ， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth
and beauty， the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the
history of the human soul.
（Adapted from William J. Long’s English Literature： Its History
and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World）
summary n.總結，概括，概要
in summary 總的來說
in forms of 以……形式
in the form of 以……形式
【參考譯文】
文學的奇妙之處
　　孩子和男人在海灘上散步，孩子發現了一枚貝殼，把它放到了耳
邊。突然，他聽到了奇怪、低沉、悅耳的聲音。這聲音仿佛來自另一
個世界，孩子聽后十分驚奇。隨后男子解釋說其實孩子聽到的聲音并
沒有什么奇怪的，只不過是貝殼捕捉到了各種對人的耳朵來說太微弱
的聲音而已。讓孩子為之驚奇的其實不是一個新世界，而是舊世界那
被人忽視的樂音。
當我們開始學習文學的時候，我們可能就會有一些像這樣的體
驗。讓一首小曲娛悅我們的耳朵，讓一部巨著觸動我們的心靈，這樣
我們便會發現一個全新的世界，一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。要進入
這個新世界，并享受其中的樂趣，我們需要熱愛文學，并盡力去解讀
它。每本書背后都有一個人，此人身后是一個族群，這個族群背后是
自然和社會環境。如果一本書要傳遞完整的信息，我們就必須理解所
有這些內容。總之，我們現在已經到了想要欣賞和理解文學的階段。
第一步是確定它的一些重要特質。
文學的第一個特質是它對真與美的描寫。有些真與美一直不為人
所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如
貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音呈現出來一樣。一百個人路過一片田野
時，眼中所見的可能都只是枯草，而一位詩人則會停下腳步，看得更
透，他看到真與美，并且寫下這樣的詩句：“昨日我曾是鮮花。”讀
到這句詩的人可以發現曾視而不見的美。
文學的第二個特質在于它能打動我們的情感，啟發我們的想象
力。文學的魅力更多在于它喚起了我們什么，而不在于它說了什么。
當克里斯托弗·馬洛筆下的浮士德博士當著海倫的面問道：“這就是讓
一千艘戰艦起航的那張面孔嗎？”他便打開了一扇門，通過這扇門，
我們的想象力抵達了一個充滿愛、美和英雄主義的新世界。　　文學
的第三個特質是其持久的生命力，它源于前兩個特質。要實現這一
點，它須包含兩個要素：廣泛的關切和個人的風格。好的文學作品反
映了人性最基本的本質——愛與恨、喜與悲、恐懼與希望。它也帶有
個人風格——沒有哪個作家能夠在描寫人類的生活時不反映其個人生
活和經歷。
總之，文學是以真和美的形式對生命的表達，是人類思想和感情
的寫照，是人類靈魂的歷史。
（改編自威廉· J. 朗恩的《英國文學：歷史及其對英語世界生活
的意義》）
文本透析 · 剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構，理文本脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill
in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精讀文，達明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What’s the purpose of the story in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. To amuse the readers.
B. To kill the time.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To praise the man.
2. What should we do to enter and enjoy the new world mentioned in
Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Determine literature’s qualities.
B. Love literature and try to explain it.
C. Study literature and enjoy little songs or great books.
D. Understand human race and the natural and social environments.
3. What elements should the literature contain to achieve permanence？
（　　）
A. Truth and beauty.
B. Dreams and magic.
C. The author’s thoughts and feelings.
D. Universal interest and personal style.
4. Which of the following is NOT the most basic of human nature？
（　　）
A. Success. B. Sadness.
C. Hate. D. Hope.
5. According to the author， good literature 　　　　.（　　）
A. describes the truth and beauty
B. contains at least two elements
C. reflects the author’s life and experiences
D. reflects the most basic of human nature
第三步：通詞句，學語言表達
1. 詞匯學習——循規律，記單詞
（1）同/近義詞、反義詞
恰當使用同義詞、近義詞和反義詞能夠增強語言表達的精確
性，增強語言的表現力，展現文學詞匯的多彩性，增強讀者
的閱讀興趣。
本篇文章中運用了幾對同義詞、近義詞以及反義詞，請找出
并試著自己再寫出一些。
①同/近義詞：

②反義詞：

attraction—appeal，low—faint，unnoticed—
hidden，significant—important， love—enjoy　
joy—sadness，new—old，love—hate，
important—unimportant　
（2）名詞后綴-ce/-er
①significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的＋去t＋-
ce→significance n.意義；重要性
例如：important→importance n.重要性
different→difference n.不同；差異
silent→silence n.沉默
②contain vt.包含，含有，容納＋-er→container n.容器；
集裝箱
例如：cook→cooker n.炊具，廚灶
play→player n.播放器；運動員；參與者
compute→computer n.計算機；電腦
2. 美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
排比是把三個或三個以上結構相同或相似、意思密切相關、語氣一
致的詞語或句子成串地排列在一起的一種修辭方法。
請從課文中找出一個排比句。


Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind
the race are the natural and social environments.
核心知識·巧突破探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
devote oneself to 致力，專心，獻身
【教材原句】　My meaning simply is， that whatever I have tried to do
in life， I have tried with all my heart to do well； that whatever I have
devoted myself to ...
我的意思很簡單，就是我無論在生活中試圖做什么，我都會全心全意
去做好；我致力于做的任何事……
【用法】
（1）devote vt. 致力，獻身，傾注；用于
devote one’s life/time/money/energy to（doing） sth
把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于（做）某事
（2）devoted adj. 忠誠的；全心全意的
be devoted to （doing） sth 專心于/致力于（做）某事
（3）devotion n. 關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠
【佳句】　Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of
education.
每個人都稱贊她獻身教育事業。
【練透】　完成句子
①The twins and didn’t notice their father
come in.
這對雙胞胎專心做飯，沒有注意到他們的父親進來了。
②He reading literature.
他所有的業余時間都用來讀文學作品了。
were devoted to cooking　
devoted all his free time to　
【寫美】　句式升級（根據要求升級句①）
③ ， the twins didn’t notice their
father come in.（動詞-ing短語作狀語）
④ ， the twins didn’t notice their father come
in.（過去分詞短語作狀語）
Devoting themselves to cooking　
Devoted to cooking　
appeal vi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁 n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁
【教材原句】　Let a little song appeal to the ear， or a great book to the
heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.讓
一首小曲娛悅我們的耳朵，讓一部巨著觸動我們的心靈，這樣我們便
會發現一個全新的世界，一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。
【用法】
（1）appeal to sb/sth 吸引/迎合某人或某物
appeal to sb for sth 呼吁/懇求某人某事
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
（2）make an appeal to sb for sth為某事向某人呼吁或請求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/懇求某人做某事
（3）appealing adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的
【佳句】　The book appeals to readers of all ages and establishes a
literary bond between parents and children.
這本書老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之間建立了文學紐帶。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The author makes appeal to us to be more kind to animals.
②What’s more， it is another effective way to appeal the news
media.
③The government appealed to the International Red Cross
（help） the people suffering from the floods.
an　
to　
to help　
④Sport has become an important form of entertainment，
（appeal） to both men and women.
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤Mark Twain’s novels .
馬克·吐溫的小說吸引各個社會群體的讀者。
appealing　
appeal to readers of all social groups　
determine vt.確定；支配；決心 vi.決心
【教材原句】　The first step is to determine some of its significant
qualities.第一步是確定它的一些重要特質。
【用法】
（1）determine to do sth　　決心做某事（表示動作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth 決定（做）某事
（2）determined adj. 堅決的；有決心的
be determined to do sth 決心做某事（表示狀態）
（3）determination n. 決心；決定
【佳句】　He determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.
他決定今年暑假到紐約旅行。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①From his （determine） look， we can know his
confidence.
②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties
with （determine）.
determined　
determination　
【寫美】　完成句子
③Five years ago he was forced to leave his hometown，
.（形容詞短語作狀語）
五年前他被迫離開家鄉，下決心再也不會回來。
determined
never to come back　
significant adj.有重要意義的，顯著的
【用法】
（1）significant＝important/meaningful 重要的，有意義的
it is significant that sb （should） do sth 某人做某事很重要
（2）significance n. 重要，重要性，意義
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
attach （great/little） significance to ...認為……（很/幾乎不）重要
（3）significantly adv. 有重大意義地，顯著地
【佳句】　Keep in mind that it is very significant for us students to keep
healthy.
請記住，對我們學生來說，保持健康是非常重要的。
【聯想】　常見的“be＋of＋抽象名詞”結構還有：
be of use/importance/help/value/benefit/ ...
【練透】　同義句替換
①Teachers should value the development of students’ reading ability.
→Teachers should developing students’
reading ability.
②It’s very significant for a graduate to find a proper job.
→ for a graduate to find a proper job.
attach significance to　
It is of great significance　
③I think his research on renewable energy sources is of great
significance.
→I think his research on renewable energy sources
.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Your success today may for your
whole future.
你今天的成功對你的整個未來可能是重要的。
is very
significant　
be significant/be of significance　
reflect vt.& vi.反映，顯示；映出（影像）；反射（聲、光、熱
等）；沉思
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.有些真與美一直不為人所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人
類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音
呈現出來一樣。
【用法】
（1）reflect on/upon 仔細考慮/沉思/反省……
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
（2）reflection n. 反映，表達；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 經過考慮后（改變看法）
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
【佳句】　The lake is calm and clear， and an old tower is reflected in
the water.
湖面平靜清澈， 一座古塔倒映在水面上。
They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards
life.
它們（節日）反映了人類的愿望、信仰、信念以及對生活的態度。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The manager needs time to reflect the likely consequences
of this plan.
②The trees along the shore are reflected the clear water.
③When he is alone， he is often lost in （reflect）.
④ reflection， I changed my decision.
on/upon　
in　
reflection　
On/Upon　
【寫美】　句式升級
⑤There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is
reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon
.（動詞-ed短語作定語）
reflected in
the picture　
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力強的
【教材原句】　One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was
hidden from his eyes before.
讀到這句詩的人可以發現曾視而不見的美。
【用法】
（1）be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
（2）capability n. 能力，才能
have the capability to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的能力
【佳句】　He is a student capable of solving difficult math problems.
他是一個有能力解決數學難題的學生。
She has the capability of becoming an excellent teacher.她有能力成為
一名出色的教師。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Their example shows us what we are all capable .
②This work needs patience and skills， which is beyond
my （capable）.
③They have the capability （complete） the task in a
week.
of　
capability　
to complete　
【寫美】　詞匯升級
④Our English teacher can make the class full of joy.
→Our English teacher the class full of joy.
（capable）
is capable of making　
draw on 憑借，利用
【教材原句】　No doubt drawing on his own experiences， Cao Xueqin
gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.毫無疑問，
憑借自己的生活經歷，曹雪芹對當時的生活作了詳細的描述。
【用法】
draw up 起草，擬訂；制訂
draw back 退縮，收回
draw in （火車等）進站、到達；吸（氣）
draw out 取出；（白晝）漸長；拉長；使暢所欲言
draw near 靠近，臨近
【佳句】　A writer has to draw on his imagination and experiences to
write his books.
作家必須利用自己的想象力和經歷去寫他的書。
The summer vacation is drawing near.What are you going to do？
暑假快到了。你打算做什么？
【練透】　介、副詞填空
①This group of designers drew a plan for the project of the
company.
②He will not draw from what he has promised.
③Lie on your back and draw long breaths of it.
④As an actor， she drew her own skills to perform well.
【寫美】　詞匯升級
⑤You can solve the problems easily if you use your own life experience.
→You can solve the problems easily if you your own life
experience.
up　
back　
in　
on　
draw on　
Part Ⅱ　中頻詞匯特訓
sensitive adj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的；易受傷的；
善解人意的
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.有些真與美一直不為人所察覺，直到一個敏銳的人
類靈魂讓它們引起我們的注意，這就正如貝殼把那些被人忽視的聲音
呈現出來一樣。
【用法】
（1）be sensitive to 對……敏感的/體諒的
be sensitive about 介意；在乎
（2）sense n. 感覺官能；觀念
make sense 有意義；能理解
make sense of 理解；明白
there is no sense in doing sth 做某事無意義
in a sense 在某種意義上
sense of touch 觸覺
【佳句】　Old people tend to be very sensitive to cold.
老年人一般對寒冷很敏感。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore they are very
sensitive water temperature.
②You are too sensitive what people think of you， which
will make you exhausted.
to　
about/to　
【寫美】　完成句子
③Being admitted into a key university will give you
.
被一所重點大學錄取會給你一種成就感。
④He is equipped with justice and responsibility.
他具有強烈的正義感和責任感。
a sense of
achievement　
a deep sense of　
contain vt.包含，含有，容納；抑制（感情）
【教材原句】　To achieve this， it should contain two elements：
universal interest and personal style.
要實現這一點，它須包含兩個要素：廣泛的關切和個人的風格。
contain 多指包含所含之物的全部，或某種成分，側重含的量與成分contain oneself 克制自己；自制
include 多指包含所含之物的一部分，強調整體與部分的關系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 結構
【辨析】　contain & include
【佳句】　This kind of vegetable is beneficial to your health， as it contains a lot of vitamins.
這種蔬菜對你的健康有益，因為它富含維生素。
【練透】語境辨義/完成句子
①How much liquid do you think this bottle contains？
②She could no longer contain her anger and shouted at him uncontrollably.

③The woman was too sad to when her husband died from the crash.
當丈夫死于撞車事故時，這名女子悲傷得無法克制自己。
包含，容納　
抑制（感情）　
contain herself　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④這種飲料不含任何酒精。

This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
Part Ⅲ　重點句型解構
句型公式：be doing ...when ... 正在做……這時……
【教材原句】　A child and a man were walking on the beach when the
child found a shell and held it to his ear.
孩子和男人在海灘上散步，孩子發現了一枚貝殼，把它放到了耳邊。
【用法】
be about to do ...when ...正要做……這時……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……這時……
had just done ...when ... 剛做完……這時……
had hardly done ...when ...剛做完……這時……
（when在以上句型中用作并列連詞，when相當于and at this/that time）
【品悟】　We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我們正在開會，這時有人闖了進來。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我剛上床睡覺，這時電話鈴響了。
【寫美】　完成句子/一句多譯
①John he heard a loud noise.
約翰正在他的房間里學習，突然他聽到一聲巨響。
②He he saw a shark.
他剛要跳水，突然看到了一條鯊魚。
③I he called me.
我剛打開門，他就打電話給我。
was studying in his room when　
was just about to dive when　
had hardly opened the door when　
④熊正要攻擊我，這時救援隊到了。
→
（be on the point of doing ... when ...）
→
（be about to do ...when ...）
The bear was on the point of attacking me when the rescue team
arrived.　
The bear was about to attack me when the rescue team arrived.　
句型公式：what引導的主語從句
【教材原句】　What amazed the child was not a new world， but the
unnoticed music of the old.
讓孩子為之驚奇的其實不是一個新世界，而是舊世界那被人忽視
的樂音。
【用法】
句中What引導主語從句，意為“所……的”，在從句中作主語。what
可以引導主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。
（1）表示“……的東西或事情”，相當于the things/thing that。
（2）表示“……的人”，相當于the person that。
（3）表示“……的數量或數目”，相當于the number/amount that。
（4）表示“……的時間”，相當于the time that。
（5）表示“……的地方”，相當于the place that。
【品悟】　What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants
growing in the water.
使河水更美麗的是水里種植的荷花。
In 1492， Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥倫布到達了現在所稱的美洲大陸。
【寫美】　完成句子
① describes a bright future for us.
您在會上所說的話，為我們描繪了光明的未來。
②This is .
這是我們正在尋找的東西。
③ is a good-sized canvas bag.
你需要的是一個比較大的帆布袋。
④Our school is located in .
我們的學校位于曾經是一片小樹林的地方。
What you said at the meeting　
what we are looking for　
What you need　
what used to be a small wood　
⑤Your future is in your hands. Your life is .
你的未來就在你的手中。你的生活由你創造。 （應用文寫作之演
講稿）
what you make of it　
句型公式：介詞短語位于句首引起的完全倒裝
【教材原句】　Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the
race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.每本
書背后都有一個人，此人身后是一個族群，這個族群背后是自然和社
會環境。
【用法】
（1）表示地點、方向、時間等的介詞短語位于句首，且句子的主語
是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用完全倒裝。
（2）表示方向、地點和時間的副詞，如in、 out、down、up、off、
back、away、over there、there、now、then、here等位于句首，
且句子的主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用完全倒裝。
【品悟】　On the top of the hill stands a building.
山頂上矗立著一座建筑。
Present at this year’s music festival were the school headmaster，
teachers， students and some of the students’ parents.
出席觀看本年度音樂節的有校長、老師、學生和一些學生家長。
【寫美】　完成句子
①John opened the door. he had never seen before.
約翰打開了門。那兒站著他以前從來沒有見過的一個女孩。
② an old painting.
后墻上掛著一幅陳舊的畫。
③ at the end of the year.
然后是年底的最終頒獎典禮。
There stood a girl　
On the back wall hangs　
Then came the final awards ceremony　
④By the side of the teaching building of our school
， which was completed in 2009.
在我們學校的教學樓旁邊有一座圖書館，它于2009年建成。 （應用
文寫作之學校生活）
stands the
library　
句型公式：抽象地點名詞＋where引導的定語從句
【教材原句】　In a word， we have now reached a point where we
wish to enjoy and understand literature.
總之，我們現在已經到了想要欣賞和理解文學的階段。
【用法】
（1）句中where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞
point，point表示抽象地點。
（2）當先行詞為抽象地點名詞case、 situation、 position、
atmosphere、 stage、 activity、 family、 point等，且關系詞在從
句中作狀語時，常用where或in which來引導定語從句。
（3）抽象地點名詞后的定語從句中，如果關系詞作主語或賓語，則
需要用that或which引導。
【品悟】　We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我們到了需要改變的地步了。
【寫美】　完成句子/句式升級
①Sales manager is a position
.
銷售經理是一個溝通能力與銷售技能一樣重要的職位。
②Let’s think of a situation .
我們來想一個使用這個習語的場合。
where communication ability is as
important as sales skills　
where this idiom can be used　
③Students should involve themselves in community
activities.They can gain experience for growth in community
activities.（用定語從句合并升級）
→Students should involve themselves in community activities
.
where
they can gain experience for growth　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
根據所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1. This book for kids only c fifty words， all of which are easily
read and understood.
2. Don’t be so s — I am not speaking ill of you.
3. China will l more space probes to the moon.
4. It rained， t the football match was postponed.
ontains　
ensitive　
aunch　
herefore　
5. I was amazed at her knowledge about modern Chinese
（文學）.
6. Physical fitness has now become an important （要素）
in our lives.
7. An interesting （特征） of the city is the old market
preserved well.
8. A writer should provide （背景） for readers to help them
understand what’s happening in a story.
literature　
element　
feature　
context　
9. Some measures are taken to narrow the （差距） between the
rich and the poor.
10. They were in the process of resolving all the unsettled （問
題）.
gap　
issues　
維度二：詞形轉換
用所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1. Your choice of clothes is a （reflect） of your
personality.
2. I’d like to give you a （describe） of the Lantern
Festival.
3. Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great
（significant） when we have conflicts with friends.
4. We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage
and （determine）.
reflection　
description　
significance　
determination　
5. The aim of the summer camp was to （awake） an
interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.
6. Family is a （universe） theme of writing because it
pushes us to consider where we come from and how our experiences
have shaped us.
7. Staying at home seemed more （appeal） than going
out for work.
8. Heavy drinking can cause （permanence） damage to
the brain.
awaken　
universal　
appealing　
permanent　
9. Some of us are （sense） to smells， others find colours
easier to remember.
10. Basically， the article can be （summary） in three
sentences.
sensitive　
summarized　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據漢語及括號內提示完成下列句子。
1. 她正在路上走著， 突然聽到有人大聲呼救。（be
doing ...when ...）
She she heard someone shouting
for help.
2. 走在教練身后的是穿著藍色隊服的我們的隊員們。（完全倒裝）
Behind the coach wearing blue suits.
was walking down the road when　
walked our team　
3. 最令我驚訝的是這個小女孩小提琴拉得那么好。（what引導名詞性
從句）
the little girl could play the violin
so well.
4. 畢業后，我們到了不得不決定下一步該做什么的階段了。（where
引導定語從句）
After graduation we reached a point
.
What surprised me most was that　
where we had to decide what to
do next　
5. 那個男孩在窗前做著鬼臉， 透過窗戶我們可以看到幾雙鞋子。
（“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句）
The boy is making faces in front of the window，
some pairs of shoes.
through which we
can see　
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內容， 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確
形式。
　　We can get a lot of benefits 1. reading literature， as
reading literature 2. （create） a world of dreams and magic
for us.Literature has appealed 3. so many people with its three
significant 4. （quality）.Firstly， literature presents truth
and beauty.Those who read literary works will be able to see the
from　
creates　
to　
qualities　
5. （hide） beauty too.Secondly， literature can appeal to people
to dig out their own feelings.6. attracts people most is that
literature can use its words 7. （awake） us up to have the
power to feel and imagine， 8. guides us into a world of love，
beauty and heroism.Thirdly， with the two features above combined，
literature will try to be 9. （permanence）.In summary，
literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the
10. （write） record of man’s thoughts and feelings， and
the history of the human soul.
hidden　
What　
to awaken　
which　
permanent　
written　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird
started as novels.But you probably didn’t know that these other famous
movies also came from books.
　　Hidden Figures
　　This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other
female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United
States into space in the 1960s.It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction
book and the movie did boost sales of the book.
　　Forrest Gump
　　The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom
won six Academy Awards， including Best Picture and Best Actor for the
star Tom Hanks.Although the movie’s box-office success gave the book
a huge boost， it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
　　The Girl on the Train
　　Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller， about a woman on a train
who thinks she sees something strange out of the window， was a huge
success.But unlike the fast-paced， can’t-be-put-down quality of the
novel， the movie was boring.
　　Field of Dreams
　　It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie：Ray Kinsella hears a
voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield， and what
happens next explores the themes of lost dreams， childhood heroes， and
healing the pain of the past.The 1989 movie was adapted from W. P.
Kinsella’s 1982 original， Shoeless Joe， but cut out some extra
characters.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四部根據文學作品改編
的著名影片。
1. Which is the best choice for a person who loves math？（　　）
A. Hidden Figures.
B. Forrest Gump.
C. The Girl on the Train.
D. Field of Dreams.
解析：　細節理解題。根據Hidden Figures中的第一句可知，
Hidden Figures講述了真實人物凱瑟琳·約翰遜和其他非洲裔女性數
學家的故事，所以喜歡數學的人可以選擇這部電影。
2. Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the
text？（　　）
A. Paula Hawkin.
B. Winston Groom.
C. Tom Hanks.
D. W. P. Kinsella.
解析：　細節理解題。根據Forrest Gump中的第一句可知，Tom
Hanks贏得了奧斯卡最佳男主角獎。
3. What is special about Field of Dreams？（　　）
A. It is a romantic comedy.
B. It presents several themes.
C. It was released in 1982 for the first time.
D. It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據Field of Dreams部分第一句可知，電
影Field of Dreams探討了失落的夢想、童年英雄和治愈過去的痛苦
等主題。由此可知，這部電影有好幾個主題。
B
　　My little son is writing his first book.He’s not the first of our
family’s second generation to follow in my path.Since outing myself as
an author， more than a few of my nephews and nieces have sought to
outdo my efforts.Last month， my nephew Daniel laughed at me when I
told him it had taken me three years to write my book， since he’d
written two that weekend alone.And my niece Anna wrote a story — Two
Children， Millions of Doors and Good and Evil — that was generally
readable.
　　I’ve had many conversations with them about their works， because
passing my wisdom to the next generation is the least that should be
expected of a famous author like me.And I can promise you that these
conversations are a two-way street.They help me keep up with the times，
and I suggest indirectly that their lack of copyright （沒有版權） means I
can take their best ideas for my own work any time I choose.They’re
smart kids， so they get it.
　　My son’s first book is about his grandad’s birthday， so luckily
Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure is every bit the adventure its title
suggests.“They saw fruits that they liked，” is its opening line，
perhaps because of the fact that he was eating fruits at the
time.“Then，” comes the next line， “they saw vegetable monsters
（怪物）.”“Then they went to outer space，” appears on the
following page， filled with a rocket （火箭） ship， aliens and
planets， “and finally” comes the conclusion， “they went to Hook
Lighthouse.”
　　This ending at a landmark on Ireland’s southeast coast is a good
example of misdirection and a way to show his respect for his grandad，
who takes him there most summers.More importantly， it shows he’s
learned the true secret to any good story：take away all the flowery parts
and keep it simple.All you really need is a beginning， a middle， and an
end.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在寫作方面影響了家族中的下
一代，并著重介紹了他兒子寫的故事。
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph？（　　）
A. To describe the efforts he made to be a famous writer.
B. To show his influence on the writing of his family’s children.
C. To compare his nephew Daniel’s story with his niece Anna’s story.
D. To stress the importance of parents reading books to their children.
解析：　目的意圖題。根據第一段內容可知，作者是一名作家，
在他的影響下，他的兒子、侄子和侄女都追隨他的腳步創作自己的
故事書，他甚至評價侄女Anna的故事可讀性強。由此推斷，本段
中作者介紹了他在寫作方面給家族的孩子們產生的影響。本段中的
out作動詞，意為“揭露，公布（別人想要保守的秘密）”；outdo
作動詞，意為“勝過”。
5. What benefit does the author gain from chatting with his nephews and
nieces？（　　）
A. He feels less bored.
B. He draws fresh ideas.
C. He gets a sense of achievement.
D. He has higher expectations for himself.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段倒數第二句可知，作者在與他
的侄子和侄女聊天中受益匪淺，獲得了一些新的寫作靈感。
6. Which event lasts the longest in Me & Grandad’s Biggest
Adventure？（　　）
A. The characters explored outer space.
B. The characters fought with monsters.
C. The characters spent time eating fruits.
D. The characters went to Hook Lighthouse.
解析：　推理判斷題。倒數第二段作者詳細介紹了他兒子創
作的故事內容，作者兒子寫的故事中，關于他們（故事的主人
公們）在外太空的篇幅長達一頁。由此可知，該故事中這個事
件持續時間最長。
7. What does the author think of a good story？（　　）
A. It should be based on unusual happenings.
B. It should include a surprising ending.
C. It should have at least three parts.
D. It should be simple and direct.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的倒數第二句可知，作者
認為兒子掌握了寫作的秘訣：去繁從簡。由此可知，他認為好的故
事應該簡單且直接。flowery作形容詞，意為“過分復雜費解的；
華而不實的”。
C
　　Two “stolen” notebooks， Notebooks B and C， written by
Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University
on 9 March， 22 years after they were last seen， but who returned them
is a real whodunit.They were left anonymously （匿名地） in a bright
pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in
and a plain brown envelope， on which was printed a short message：
“Librarian， Happy Easter X. ”
　　With an action plan to use advanced information technology to
preserve important culture heritage， the notebooks were originally
removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest
and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the
library in September 2000， with the photography request completed in
November 2000.During a following routine check in January 2001， it
was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been
returned to its proper place.
　　For many years， previous university librarians believed that the
notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of
Cambridge University Library.Despite a number of searches over the
years， they remained undiscovered.At the start of 2020， a new
search — the largest in the library’s history — was arranged by the
librarian Dr Gardner， involving specialist staff assigned to search specific
zones of the library’s storage facilities.However， this failed to locate
the notebooks， leading to the conclusion， with the help of national
experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery， that they had likely been
stolen.
　　In July 1837， Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of
his notebooks， “I think”.Then he drew a sketch （草圖） of a tree，
attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of
species.More than 20 years later， Darwin published On the Origin of
Species.Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into
Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called
“that mystery of mysteries”， the origin of new species.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了兩本被盜的筆記本被
神秘地歸還給了劍橋大學一事。
8. Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place？
（　　）
A. They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B. They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C. They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D. They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知，這兩本筆記本被
從特別收藏室拿出來的原因是需要通過拍照記錄的方式進行更好的
保護。
9. When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks？（　　）
A. After completing the photography.
B. After routine check in January 2001.
C. After the largest search in the library’s history.
D. After discovering the returned notebooks.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，在經歷圖
書館歷史上最大規模的一次搜索之后，圖書館才確認這兩本筆
記本被盜。
10. What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A. Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B. It took over 5 months to complete the photography in the library.
C. At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D. Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段第一句可知，起初圖書管理
員認為筆記本只是被放錯了地方，并沒有被偷。
11. Which is this passage most likely taken from？（　　）
A. A textbook.
B. A newspaper.
C. A science report.
D. An introduction to a book.
解析：　文章出處題。通讀全文尤其是第一段內容可知，本文
主要介紹了兩本被盜的筆記本被神秘歸還一事，第一段交代了時
間、地點以及主要經過，所以本文為新聞報道，即選自報紙。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and
researchers， who specialise in a given field.Why is literature important？
Let’s see.
　　Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social
criteria （準則）.They’re a description of the different aspects of
common people’s lives.12.（　　） They also encourage imagination
and creativity.Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing
one with the finest educational opportunities.On the other hand， the lack
of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving （剝奪） one of the
opportunity to grow.
　　Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding
principles of life.Works by poets like Homer， Plato， Sappho， Horace
and many more are timeless.13.（　　） The Lord of the Rings and A
Tale of Two Cities are some of the best-selling books of all time that have
entertained several generations.
　　There are also great works in children’s literature.Amused by the
stories they tell， kids associate themselves with these books’ characters
and idealise some of them.Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers
to let the kids learn important lessons in life.Aesop， Enid Blyton， and
Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular children’s authors.14.
（　　）
　　True， languages are the building blocks of literature.But the study
of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.15.（　　）
A degree in language and literature perhaps can’t provide one with
everything literature can offer.Its scope （范圍） is so deep and wide that
even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature.
　　16. （　　） Great literary and poetic works help a person take a
closer look at the different aspects of living.In many ways， literature，
in its different forms， can change one’s attitude towards living.
A. Literature helps understand life.
B. Literature has an effect on health and wealth.
C. They have enriched the childhoods of so many.
D. Classical literary works serve as food for thought.
E. In fact， literature can’t be limited to an educational course.
F. They have always amused their readers and will continue to.
G. Instead， literature lays the foundation for a wealthy life， adding
“life” to “living”.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了文學的重要性。
12. D　設空處后一句提到了文學作品的其中一個作用，根據其中的
關鍵詞also可知，設空處也應提到文學作品的作用。D項（經典文學
作品是思想的食糧）符合語境。
13. F　空前一句論述了一些偉大的詩人的作品是永不過時的，F項
（它們總是為讀者提供消遣，并將繼續這樣做）符合語境，接著論述
這些作品的影響力，F項中的They指代前一句中的Works。
14. C　根據本段首句可知，本段介紹的是兒童文學的影響；空前
一句列舉了一些兒童文學作家，C項（他們豐富了許多人的童年）
與本段兒童文學主題一致，C項中的They指代前一句中提到的兒童
文學作家。
15. E　空前一句指出文學研究不能局限于語言研究，空后一句又指
出一個語言文學學位也許不能提供文學所能提供的一切。由此可推
知，文學范圍很廣，不能僅限于語言研究，E項（事實上，文學不能
局限于一門教育課程）與此處語義一致，符合語境。
16. A　結合空后的內容可知，本段主要講述文學對生活的影響。故A
項（文學有助于理解生活）符合語境，能夠概括本段主旨。
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