資源簡介

(共24張PPT)
Achievement
Learning About Language
UNIT 1
People
of
Step1-Revision復習
Task：①劃出定語從句 ②指出先行詞和關系詞③分析關系詞在從句里面做什么成分
Festivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.
Those who are willing to take risks are more likely to take actions.
The boy whose mother died in the earthquake was interviewed by a local newspaper.
主語
主語
定語
【概括】
①限制性定語從句是用來對___________________ 進行修飾限定的從句， 故也稱之為______________的從句；
②位置關系：___________+______________
③關系詞代替_____________， 在定語從句中作___________(主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等)
*
先行詞（名詞或代詞)
形容詞性的
先行詞
定語從句
成分
先行詞
關系代詞
1) A plane is a machine ___________ can fly.
2) The car _______________ my uncle bought last
week was stolen.
3) The students _____________ don’t study hard
will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in
the park is our English teacher.
5) ______ we all know, he is a successful man.
6) They live in a house , whose windows face south.
which/that
(which/that)
who/that
(whom/who/that)
As
關系副詞
1.當先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時，要用關系副詞。
表時間用when，表地點用where，表原因用why引導。
1)He will always remember the day when(=on which) his father
returned from America.
2)The factory where(=in which) his father works is the largest one in this city.
3) I don’t know the reason why(=for which) he was absent today.
As
關系代詞和關系副詞的區別
1.I’ll never forget the days______ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days _______ we spent together.
3.I went to the place______ I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place ______________ I visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason ________ he was late.
6.This is the reason __________________ he gave.
when
(which)
where
(which/that)
why
(which/that)
關系詞
1. 關系代詞
（主、賓、定）
2. 關系副詞
（狀語）: when where why
指人：who、whom
指物: which
3.指人和物：
that、whose（定語）
4. 指某一事件:
which、as
觀察--思考
1.意義不同
限制性定語從句用于修飾先行詞，不可缺少，否則主句的意思就不完整。
非限制性定語從句與主句的關系不是十分密切，只是對先行詞作附加或補充性的說明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。
1.People who take physical exercise regularly live longer.
（若把定語從句去掉，句子意義不完整）（限制性定語從句）
2.His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week.
(若把定語從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整）（非限制性定語從句）
探究發現
①This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
②Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.
③You have to get used to a whole new way of life,which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.
④Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.
⑤He wanted to know what I thought,which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.
我的發現
(1)以上句子皆為 _______________ 定語從句，從句與主句之間用逗號隔開。
(2)非限制性定語從句可以置于主句之中(如句①)，前后有_______隔開，也可以置于主句之后（如句②③④⑤）。
(3)非限制性定語從句的先行詞既可以是指人或指物的某一名詞或名詞短語（如句①②③④)，也可指代整個 ________ 的內容（如句⑤）。
非限制性
逗號
主句
要點規則詳析
1.非限制性定語從句與主句之間通常用逗號隔開，是對先行詞的附加說明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
The children,who wanted to have a journey, were disappointed when the journey was cancelled.
那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。
That they will get married,which has not been announced, has spread around.
他們要結婚的消息還沒有宣布，卻已經被傳得沸沸揚揚。
2.非限制性定語從句的先行詞既可為單個的名詞或代詞，也可為整個句子或其中一部分，且常譯成與主句并列的句子。
We'll graduate in July,when we will be free.(先行詞為名詞)
我們將于七月份畢業，到那時我們就自由了。
He often comes to school late, which makes his teacher angry.(關系詞指代整個主句的內容)
他經常上課遲到，這使得他的老師很生氣。
限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句
形式上 ________逗號 ________逗號
意義上 去掉后句意_____ 去掉后句意_____
作用上 修飾限制
可修飾_________ 補充說明
可修飾___________
不完整
不用
用
完整
先行詞
或一整個主句
先行詞
Difference
Tips：that， why 不能在非限制性定語從句中使用
指人 指物 在定語從句中作的成分
who √ 主語
whom √ 賓語
which √（或指代整個主句） 主語 賓語
whose √ √
定語
非限制性定語從句中的關系詞
指地點 指時間 在定語從句中的作用
where √ 地點狀語
when √ 時間狀語
Tips：that， why 不能在非限制性定語從句中使用
關系副詞
關系代詞
二、引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞
1.關系代詞
which指物，在從句中作主語、賓語、賓語補足語或表語；who/whom指人，who在從句中作主語，而whom在從句中作賓語；as指代整個主句，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語；whose既可指人也可指物，在從句中作定語。
He wasn't unconscious,as could be judged from his eyes.
他并未失去知覺，這從他的眼神可以判斷出來。
Mr King,whose legs were badly hurt,was quickly taken to hospital.
金先生的腿受了重傷，他很快就被送去醫院了。
2.關系副詞
when指代時間，在從句中充當時間狀語，可與“介詞+which”互換：where指代地點，在從句中充當地點狀語，可與“介詞+which”互換。
We will put off the outing until next Sunday, when/on which we won't be so busy.
我們把郊游推遲到下個星期天，那時我們就不
Yesterday,they went out to have a picnic in the park,where/in which they had a good time.
昨天，他們出去在公園里野餐了，在那里他們會那么忙了。
[名師點津]
(1)非限制性定語從句可將整個主句作為先行詞，對其進行修飾，這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。
(②)非限制性定語從句中，不用why引導，用for which代替why。
He has been busy with his work the whole holiday,which has made his girlfriend unhappy.
他一整個假期都忙于工作，這令他的女朋友很不高興。
The reason,for which he was absent from the meeting,wasn't given
他為何缺席會議，沒有給出理由。
[即時訓練2】用恰當的關系詞填空
①(20l9·全國卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _______ she opened with her late husband Les.
②(2018·天津高考)Kate, _________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.
③He, ___________ you know,is an excellent basketball player.
④Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,_________ ,for some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.
⑤Opposite is a music school, _________ you can hear some lovely music
which
whose
as
who
where
三，as與which引導非限制性定語從句時的區別
as which
指代 引導從句只能指代整個主句的內容 引導從句既可指代整個主句的內容，也可指代主句的一部分
位置 引導從句可位于主句之
前、之中或之后
引導從句只能位于主句之后
意義 正如；正像
這一點；這件事
功能 連接上下文，表達說話人的觀點、看法，并指出主句內容的根據或出處等
引導的從句在意義上相當于一個并列句
As we all know,the earth moves around the sun.
眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽轉。
The singer,as was expected,achieved a great success.
正如所期盼的，這位歌手取得了巨大成功
Catherine will attend a friend's wedding, which she is busy preparing for now.
凱瑟琳將參加一個朋友的婚禮，現在她正在為此做準備。
[即時訓練3]選詞填空(as/which)
①(2017·浙江高考)The best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, _____ means you'll just keep getting better and better.
②There is no simple answer, ______is often the case in science.
③The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,_____he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
④____ we all know,he is a gifted pianist.
which
as
which
As
When you reached the village, you would first find a house whose windows were made of wood.
當你到達那個村莊時，你首先會發現一座有著木窗的房子。
They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area,where they also did some climbing
他們在這個山區欣賞到了美景，在那里他們還爬了山。
主干圖解
非限制性定語從句
特點
引導非限定性定語從句的關系詞
非限定性定語從句與主句之間用逗號隔開
非限定性定語從句的先行詞
關系代詞
關系副詞
as與which引導非限定性定語從句時的區別
限制性定語從句與非限定性定語從句的區別
[巧學助記]
定從分類有奧妙，限與非限看逗號；
定前必有先行詞，名代兩類最適宜：
定從先行很緊密，代副兩詞拉關系。

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