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授課內容：Unit 5 -grammar 主語從句
教學目標：
1.學生能夠理解主語從句連接詞的使用規則，并能準確運用主語從
句進行自主表達。
2.通過引導學生觀察例句，總結出主語從句的語法規律。幫助學生
學會觀察、比較、分析、推斷、歸納、建構等思維方式。
教學重點：
1. 掌握主語從句的引導詞的使用規則。
教學難點：
1. 主語從句在語境中的使用。
2. 結合語法知識，以課堂教學為依托，全面訓練，加強和提高運用英語的綜合能力。
Learning Objectives
In today’s class, you are expected to:
1. understand the differences between independent clauses and dependent clauses.
2. analyze the distinctions between different conjunctions.
3. use proper conjunctions to lead subject clauses.
句子
類型
簡單句
并列句
復合句
主句
形容詞性從句 (定語從句)
名詞性從句
副詞性從句(狀語從句)
主語從句
賓語從句
表語從句
同位語從句
從句
Definition and types:
Noun clauses as
the subject
Part 1
主語從句基本概念
What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.
That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
Subject
Subject
Look at the complex sentences and state the functions of the noun clauses italicised.
Activity 1
That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice.
用it作形式主語
Activity 1
Look at the complex sentences and state the functions of the noun clauses italicised.
1. 主語從句的定義：
用來___________的從句，屬于__________從句，位于_________，有形式主語it時，則位于_______。
e.g.
1). Whether she will accept the invitation is not clear yet.
2). When we will hold the sports meet has not been decided on yet.
3). It is possible that everyone goes to a satisfactory university if they study hard.
2. 主語從句的連接詞：
__________ 用于引導陳述句，只起連接作用，無含義，不充當成分，不可省略。
_________________ 用于引導一般疑問句，起連接作用，翻譯為“是否”，不充當成分，不可省略。
_____________________________用于引導特殊疑問句，起連接作用，翻譯為相應的疑問含義，在從句中作主，賓，表，定；不可省略。
________________________ 用于引導特殊疑問句，起連接作用，翻譯為相應的疑問含義，在從句中作狀語，不可省略。
Finish exercise 2 on page 58.
1. _________ the research centre is to be set up has not been decided.
2. ______ many countries still face food shortages remains a big problem.
3. ______ impressed me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
4. __________ the plan is to be carried out still needs discussing.
5. ______ the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
6. ______ will join in the research team will be announced tomorrow.
7. ______ he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
Whether/Where
That
What
Whether/When
Whether
Who
Why
3. 形式主語：
由that引導的主語從句，為了避免頭重腳輕，主語從句會置于句尾，而用____作形式主語。
That the doctor couldn’t save the patient was obvious.
It was obvious that the doctor couldn’t save the patient.
That Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing seawater rice surprised the whole world.
It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing seawater rice.
①. It + be + 形容詞 + that 從句(obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)
It is likely that she will do well in her exam.

②. It + be + 名詞詞組 + that 從句
(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc)
It’s a pity that we can’t travel abroad this summer.
Step 3: Further exploration
3. 形式主語：
③. It + be + 過去分詞 + that 從句 (said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, proved; etc.)
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
④. It + 不及物動詞或短語 + that 從句
( seem, happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out).
It turned out that the salesman was a liar.
It happened that she was out when we called. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.
結果是，原來是
碰巧
Step 3: Further exploration
3. 形式主語：
Part 2
主語從句中的八個點
1. 從句語序
改錯：
1). What have I forgotten is that I have a test today.
2). Where had he lost the laptop was what we wanted to know.
3). Whether do they use too many chemical pesticides is unknown.
4). Who did this is still a mystery.
總結：在任何情況下，主語從句都用___________ 。
2. 主句謂語動詞的選擇：
填空：
1). What you said at the meeting ________(describe) a bright future for the company.
2). Whether it will rain or not_____(be) not clear.
3). That he has won so many awards________( surprise) us.
4). When he left us and Why he did that _______(remain) unknown to us.
5). What we need____(be) more personal computers.
6). What we need ____(be) more time.
2. 主句謂語動詞的選擇：
總結：
單個主語從句作主語，描述的是一件事情，所以謂語動詞用______。
兩個或多個從句作主語，描述的是多個事情，謂語動詞用______。
由what 引導主語從句時，謂語與______保持一致。
3. 時態的選擇
填空：
1). What_______(cause) the accident yesterday still remains unknown at present.
2).What you __________(achieve) in the future is decided by what you are doing now.
3). How we _________( get) here in ten days was discussed at the meeting yesterday.
4). That he____ (lose) his balance made him slip on the ice.
5). Last week, that the earth ____(turn) from west to east was said to us by our geography teacher.
3. 時態的選擇
總結：
主句用一般現在時態，從句根據句意，可用_________。
主句用過去時態，從句只能用______________。
若從句為客觀真理，總是用____________。
4. that 的省略
填空：
1). ____ he was ill yesterday is known now.
2). It happened ____ I had no money with me that day.
總結：無論陳述句的主語從句謂語句首還是句尾，__________.
5. if/ whether 的選擇
填空：
1). _______ it will rain or not is not clear.
2). It is uncertain ________ he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
3). It doesn’t matter _______ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
4). It is still unknown ______ the big boss can come or not.
總結：
主語從句位于_____，只能用whether;主語從句置于_____，可用if/ whether; 但如有____, 或者_________，則只能用whether.
6. what 的使用
填空并翻譯：
1). _____ can help us solve this problem is still unknown to us.
______能夠幫我們解決這個問題還不清楚。
2)._____ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.
電影中___________是父親對兒子深深的愛。
3). _____ matters most is to start acting now.
_______________現在要行動起來了。
4). ______ he said is reasonable.
____________是合理的。
6. what 的使用
5). ______ worries many people is that these chemicals may even cause cancer.
____________________是這些化學品甚至會引發癌癥。
6). _____ he was ten years ago is totally different from what he look like now.
他____________和現在有很大的不同
總結：
what 在主語從句的基本含義是 _____；但更多時候，翻譯為____________; __________等，做題時的關鍵是看________________________________。更重要的是，熟記典型例句。
補充what在其他名詞性從句中的用法
填空并理解what 的含義：
1). He saves ______ he earns.(_______)
2). He is no longer _____ he was.(_________)
3). He is_____ is generally called a fool.(________)
4). Our income is now double ______ it was ten years ago.(_________)
5). After _____seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.(_________)
6). This is ______ they call Salt Lake City.(_________)
7). ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. (_____________)
7. that 與what 的選擇
填空：
1). ____ light travels in straight lines is known to all.
2). ______ we need is more time.
3). It is clear _____ he was not fit for the work.
4). It is by no means clear______ the president can do to end the strike.
總結：that 引導________，what引導____________。使用what時，從句一定缺少_______________________；而that 則不充當成分，只做連接詞。
8. 主語從句與分詞短語作主語
句型轉換：
1). That he lost his balance made him slip on the ice.
__________________made him slip on the ice.
2). That he was ill yesterday is known now.
___________is known now.
3). That you have recovered from your illness is a great relief to us.
__________________________ is a great relief to us.
4). That he was misunderstood by the teacher made him very upset._____________________________ made him very upset.
8. 主語從句與分詞短語作主語
總結：主語從句可與現在分詞轉換，即把從句主語換為______________，謂語動詞換為__________，構成__________; 被動形式為_______________.
這樣的句子結構在作文中是簡化句型，提升句型運用能力的很好表現。
Step 3: Further exploration
Finish exercise 2 on page 53.

Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket, which have been grown using chemical fertilizers. To her, that they look beautiful on the outside is obvious. However, what she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavour. Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city, how they are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them. Whether they can live a healthy life is the first thing they are considering. So they have made up their minds to move to the countryside, where they can live a green life.
Step 4: Drilling
Underline the subject clauses in the passage.
1. They should like each other is natural.
2. If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
3. That is certain that we can win.
4. No matter who breaks the window shall apologize.
That they
Whether
It
Whoever
Step 4: Drilling
Correct the following sentences.
1. Rewrite the sentences using subject clauses
We wanted to know where he had lost the laptop.
Where _______________________ was what we wanted to know.
2. The way in which he did the experiment was puzzling to other people.
How ______________________ was puzzling to other people.
3. Do they use too many chemical pesticides I worry about this most.
Whether ________________________________ is what I worry about most.
he had lost the laptop
he did the experiment
they use too many chemical pesticides
1. Rewrite the sentences using subject clauses
4. People are happy to see that the living conditions and income of the farmers have improved a lot.
That ____________________________________________________ makes people happy.
5. We have not decided on the date for the sports meet yet.
When ________________________ has not been decided on yet.
the living conditions and income of the farmers have improved a lot
the sports meet will be held
2. Make sentences using subject clauses with the help of the cues.
Example
he thought / completely wrong
What he thought was completely wrong.
he said/ reasonable
________________________________________________
2. she will accept the invitation / not clear yet
________________________________________________
What he said seems reasonable.
Whether she will accept the invitation is not clear yet.
2. Make sentences using subject clauses with the help of the cues.
3. the animals are moving to / not exactly known
_____________________________________________
4. you have recovered from your illness / a great relief to us
______________________________________________________
5. he has become distant recently / my concern
_____________________________________________
Where the animals are moving to is not exactly known.
That you have recovered from your illness will be a great relief to us.
That he has become distant recently is my concern.
3. Circle and correct the mistake in each sentence.
What have I forgotten is that I have a test today.
2. Who left me these flowers are not clear to me.
3. This is obvious that students should prepare well for their future.
4. Who’s ticket this is has not been confirmed.
5. When the test will be given have not been decided.
I have
is
It
Whose
has
1. Can we control pests without causing any ill effects This still remains a question. (Whether)
2. Agriculture is the foundation of our country. This is well known. (It)
3. Some less-developed countries are suffering from food shortages. It is a serious problem in the world. (That)
4. Some herdsmen in Inner Mongolia fix electronic sensors to their cattle to monitor their movements. It is true that they are doing this. (It)
Step 4: Drilling
Combine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.
1. Whether we can control pests without causing any ill effects remains a question.
2. It is well known that agriculture is the foundation of our country.
3. That some less-developed countries are suffering from food shortages is a serious problem in the world.
4. It is true that some herds men in Inner Mongolia fix electronic sensors to their cattle to monitor their movements.
Step 4: Drilling
Combine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.

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