資源簡介

(共64張PPT)
定語從句
relative clause
限制性定語從句
restrictive relative clause
who/whom/that/which/whose
Declan is a famous
singer.
He sings the song
tell me why. ings
Declan is a famous
singer who sings
the song tell me why.
Leading-in
He is a popular singer
whose song is popular
among young people.
He is a popular singer.
His song is popular among young people.
All is well that ends well.
結(jié)局好, 一切都好。
He who laughs last laughs best.
誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。
What clause sentenses從句 are they
Restrictive限制性 relative定語 clauses從句
Restrictive限制性和non-restrictive非限制性 relative定語 clauses從句
共同點：
定語從句，修飾名詞/代詞
不同點：
1. 形式不同：非限制性有“,”
He is a popular singer whose song is popular. 限制性
He is a popular singer, who writes songs day and night. 非
2. 關(guān)系詞：非限制性不能使用that
3. 由于限定范圍不同導(dǎo)致意思不同
Jay Chou is a person, who is handsome.非限制性， 不限制，可能只有1個周杰倫
Jay Chou is a person who is handsome. 限制性，限制person，不止一個人叫周杰倫
課本P52. Ex1. Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible
experience that my great-grandma cannot
forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered
to help after the volcano erupted.
The supplies which were provided to the
disaster area were collected from around the
country.
Presentation
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the
new town have won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work
died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
修飾人時：
作主語，可用
作賓語，可用
修飾人時，誰的，統(tǒng)一用
總結(jié)：修飾人時，（除了介詞+賓語），統(tǒng)一用who/that
who/that
who/that/whom/可省略
whose
修飾物時：
作主語，可用
作賓語，可用
修飾物時，什么的，統(tǒng)一用
總結(jié)：修飾物時，（除了介詞+賓語），統(tǒng)一用which/that
which/that
which/that/可省略
whose
總結(jié)：修飾人/物，都可用that；誰的/什么的，用whose
who/whom/that
who/that
that/which
that/which
who/whom/that
whose
56．On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates信息 ___________make them appear happy and friendly.
57．Walk and Talk is perfect for anyone ___________ weekends need some excitement.
58．You’ll find taxis waiting at the station ___________ you can hire租借 to reach your host family.
59．The research found that people ___________ keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking.
60．Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
that/which
whose
that/which
who/that
whom
1103英語周測
特殊規(guī)則1：介詞with+whom修飾人；介詞with+which修飾物
沒有something
that/which
that
that
that
巧學(xué)活用2
寫出下面定語從句中使用關(guān)系代詞that的原因
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range.
__________________________________________________________
②This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
__________________________________________________________
③This is the only thing that we can do now.
__________________________________________________________
④The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
__________________________________________________________
先行詞被不定代詞all修飾
先行詞football games前面有最高級the most exciting修飾
先行詞thing前面有the only修飾
先行詞為既有表示人(The scientist)又有表示物(his achievements)的名詞
who
who
that/which
that/whom/who
whose
that/which
that/whom/who
who
whose
that
that/which
whose
whose
that/which
that
that/whom/who
that/which
1．On the first day, I should want to see the people ___________kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my
life worth living.
2. I am sure he is one of the smartest people _________I have ever met.
3．The things and persons _______________influenced people most often shaped their values.
4. .My sister, _________is junior to me by two years, studies in the third grade in a junior high school, ___________ is near a bus station
whose
that
that
who
which
限時訓(xùn)練六
特殊規(guī)則：非限制性（有,）定語從句中，除了that不能用，其他語法規(guī)則不變
非限制性定語從句不能用that
5． In the busy world ________ we live in, we all need a relaxing holiday.
6．It sounded like a train___________ was going under my house.
7．We'll never forget the heroes___________ brought people hope in difficult times.
8．Who is the man ____________is standing there
9.What he presented just now is the very case _____________I want to introduce to you.
that/which
that/which
that/who
that
that
Do you know the person ___________ I shook hands with just now
This is the city _________ I lived in.
whom/who/that
which/that
介詞+賓語；缺賓語，修飾人，用whom/who/that
介詞+賓語；缺賓語，修飾物，用which/that
Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
This is the city in _________ I lived.
特殊規(guī)則：把介詞提前，強調(diào)介詞；介詞with+ whom修飾人；介詞with+ which修飾物
whom
which
介詞前置
2) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all
the people _____ were asleep.
3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open
air using anything ____ they could find.
課本P52
Ex2 Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or “/”. Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
1) Here are some of the people ______homes
were destroyed by the typhoon.
whose
who
that
這里一些人的房子被臺風(fēng)摧毀了。
劇烈震動的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都驚醒了。
第二天，人們在戶外用他們能找到的任何東西搭起了庇護所。
5) The injured boy ________ mother was lost in
the disaster was taken to the hospital.
4) Several days later, most of the buildings ____
had been damaged by the hurricane were
repaired.
that
幾天后，大部分被颶風(fēng)毀壞的建筑物都修復(fù)了。
whose
那個受傷男孩的母親在災(zāi)難中喪生，他被送去了醫(yī)院。
6) The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier
by _____ she was rescued.
whom
這名婦女給救助她的士兵寫了一封感謝信。
7) Is this the young boy _____ saved several other
students trapped under buildings
who
這就是把幾個困在建筑物下面的學(xué)生解救出來的男孩吧？
P90 EX1 Fill in the blanks with that, which,who, whose, or whom.
1 A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden
event________________usually causes great damage and can ruin many people's lives.
2 The woman wanted to find and thank the firefighter________________rescued her from the fire.
3 A typhoon is an extremely strong wind__________________often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
4. The children __________parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends.
5 A tsunami is a very large wave_______________is often caused by an earthquake under the sea.
6 People to__________much is given are people of__________much will be expected.
which/that
who/that
which/that
whose
which/that
whom
whom
限制性定語從句
restrictive relative clause
where/why/when
which/that
This is the city _________ I lived.
which
特殊規(guī)則：把介詞提前，強調(diào)介詞；介詞with+ whom修飾人；介詞with+ which修飾物
This is the city _________ I lived in.
This is the city in _________ I lived.
[語法體會]
標(biāo)出下列定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
①The time when I first met Mary was a very difficult period of my life.
②The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
③The reason why he didn't come to school yesterday isn't believable.
答案：①when　②where　③why
Presentation
被動語態(tài)還缺賓語嗎？
China held the 29th Olympic Games.
中國舉辦了第29屆奧運會。
主動語態(tài)：
The 29th Olympic Games was held.
第29屆奧運會被舉辦。
被動語態(tài)：
The 29th Olympic Games was held by .
被動語態(tài)中，如有介詞如by/in/on，則缺名詞/賓語；否則句子完整
The 29th Olympic Games was held in .
The 29th Olympic Games was held on .
主語+謂語結(jié)構(gòu)
被誰舉辦？By China
在哪被舉辦？in Beijing/China
何時被舉辦？On Aug 8,2008
[知識精要]
定語從句除了由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)外，還可由關(guān)系副詞when，where，why引導(dǎo)，它們在從句中作狀語。
一、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1．when表示時間，代替先行詞在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，如time，day，hour，year等。
We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記第29屆奧運會在北京舉辦的那一年。
被動語態(tài)
I spend too much time watching television.
我看電視花的時間太多。
This is not a good place for you to live.
這個地方不適合你居住。
They live in a small hometown.
他們住在一個小城鎮(zhèn)里。
及物動詞，后+名詞/賓語；
不及物動詞后可不加名詞/賓語；
不及物動詞+介詞+名詞/賓語
（不）及物動詞后+名詞？
I spend too much time watching television.
我看電視花的時間太多。
They wanted to spend the evening by themselves.
他們想要單獨度過這個夜晚。
Businessmen spend enormous amounts advertising their products.
商人們花巨額資金為他們的產(chǎn)品做廣告。
spend是及物動詞（后+名詞/賓語）還是不及物動詞？
spend是及物動詞，后+名詞/賓語
Spend是及物or不及物動詞？
[誤區(qū)警示]
當(dāng)先行詞是時間名詞時，既可以用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可以用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，關(guān)鍵要看它在定語從句中作何種成分。若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語，則用when引導(dǎo)；若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？你還記得我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的那些日子嗎？(that/which作spend的賓語)
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？(when在從句中作狀語)
2．where表示地點，代替先行詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞，如place，factory工廠，house，village等。
They got to a country cottage，where they were warmly received.他們來到一家農(nóng)舍，在那里他們受到熱情的招待。
[誤區(qū)警示]
當(dāng)先行詞為地點名詞時，如果代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。
They got to a country cottage in which they were warmly received.
They got to a country cottage which they were warmly received in.
3．why表示原因，代替先行詞在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞一般是reason。
I don't know the reason why he wasn't present at the meeting yesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒有出席會議。
[誤區(qū)警示]
若代替先行詞reason的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是充當(dāng)主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。
I don’t know the reason that/which he told me.
二、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用
定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞可用以下兩種方式判斷：
用法 依據(jù)
根據(jù)從句謂語動詞判斷 是及物動詞，后面若無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；是不及物動詞則用關(guān)系副詞
根據(jù)先行詞在從句中作的成分判斷 把先行詞放進定語從句中，若作主語或賓語用關(guān)系代詞；作狀語則用關(guān)系副詞
This is the factory where he used to work.
這是他以前工作過的那家工廠。(work是不及物動詞)
This is the factory (that/which) I visited last year.
這是我去年參觀過的那家工廠。(visit是及物動詞)
Is this the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago
這就是你幾天前參觀的那家博物館嗎？(從句缺少賓語)
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
這就是舉辦展覽的那家博物館嗎？(從句缺少地點狀語)
四、 when, where 和 why 與 “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的替換
The date on _________ I joined the Party was October 12,2018.
The date _________ I joined the Party was October 12,2018.
我入黨的日期是2018年10月12日。
1．when=“at/in/during/on等＋which”。
which
when
四、 when, where 和 why 與 “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的替換
2．
The house in_______ Tom lived is now a library. live 是不及物動詞
湯姆住過的那棟房子現(xiàn)在是圖書館了。
The house _________ Tom lived is now a library.
where=“in/at/on等＋which”。
which
where
四、 when, where 和 why 與 “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的替換
Is that the reason for ________________she was absent from meeting？那就是她沒有出席會議的原因嗎？
Is that the reason ________________she was absent from meeting？
3．why=“for＋which”。
which
why
五、 where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句與狀語從句的區(qū)別
1．where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，它是關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，其前有一個表示地點的先行詞。
Is there a shop around where (＝in which) we can get some fruit？附近有我們可以買到水果的商店嗎？
2．where引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，where為從屬連詞。where引導(dǎo)的地
點狀語從句修飾主句中的謂語動詞，where前面沒有表示地點的名詞。
Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
We should go where we are needed. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)叫枰覀兊牡胤饺ァ?br/>常見的及物動詞(后必須要+名詞/賓語)：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.主謂賓
Please hand me the book. 主謂+雙賓語 hand sb sth
They asked me to go fishing with them. 主謂賓+賓補
其他及物動詞：
Buy, visit, make, take, say, see, watch, catch, show,
常見的不及物動詞（后不能直接+賓語，僅主+謂結(jié)構(gòu)）：
This is the room where I once lived. 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)
不及物動詞若要接賓語，必須+介詞+賓語
The children are listening to the music.
She is laughing at the child.
常見的不及物動詞：
Listen, go, work, agree, fail, succeed
I work in a farm.
I don’t agree with you.
I failed/succeed again.
①I don't know the exact time ________ the sports meet will take place不及物.
I don't know which day _____________ the sports meet will take place on.
②The exact year ___________ Angela and her family spent及物動詞 together in China is 2008.
④The man _______________ you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
The man to_______________ you spoke just now is our English teacher.
⑤I believe the reason ___________ Mary gave及物動詞 for her absence from the school.
I believe the reason ___________ Mary gave it for her absence from the school.
③That was the way _____________________ she worked the problem out.
when
(which/that)
whom/who/that
that/which
that
whom
that/in which/省略
why
way +that /in which/省略+句子
（非）限制性定語從句
restrictive relative clause
介詞+whom/which
Do you know the person ___________ I shook hands with just now
This is the city _________ I lived in.
whom/who/that
which/that
介詞+賓語；缺賓語，修飾人，用whom/who/that
介詞+賓語；缺賓語，修飾物，用which/that
Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
This is the city in _________ I lived.
特殊規(guī)則：把介詞提前，強調(diào)介詞；介詞with+ whom修飾人；介詞with+ which修飾物
whom
which
介詞前置
3．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
(1)五種構(gòu)成形式
構(gòu)成 句法
功能 用法指津
名詞(代詞)＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞 主語 可轉(zhuǎn)化為“whose＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
數(shù)詞(形容詞最高級)＋of＋關(guān)系代詞 主語 數(shù)詞還可以用some，many，most，each等不定代詞替換
介詞(短語)＋關(guān)系代詞 狀語 關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可與關(guān)系副詞互換
介詞＋關(guān)系代詞＋名詞 狀語 關(guān)系代詞常用which 和whose
介詞＋關(guān)系副詞 狀語 有時為了表達清楚，還可以在關(guān)系副詞where/when前加介詞from或to
She has two brothers and both of _______ are doctors.
She has two brothers, both of __________are doctors.
I have many books and most of _________ are cartoons.
I have many books, most of _________ are cartoons.
them/whom/which
them
them
whom
which
(2017 江蘇卷)In 1963, the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A which B its C whose D whom
C 其中之一的目的是……
謂語動詞用單數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù)？
This is a computer system which/that _______ very useful.(be)
I dislike places which/that_______ noisy.(be)
She is one of my friends who/that___________ uniforms.(wear)
She, who___________ uniforms, is one of my friends .(wear)
is
are
總結(jié)：定語從句中的謂語動詞取決于先行詞（所修飾名詞/代詞）的單復(fù)數(shù)
wear
wears
介詞+which/whom中介詞的選擇
基礎(chǔ)達標(biāo)
維度一　用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞或“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”填空
1．I saw a house _______ windows are broken.
2．I don't like cities _____________ have a lot of factories.
3．I shall never forget the day _________________ we first met不及物 in a park.
4．The person ___________ loses the library book must pay for it.
5．The runner ___________________ you are asking about is over there.
whose
that/which
when/on which
who/that
(whom/who/that)
6．The film _______________ they are talking about is very interesting.
7．She is the engineer _______ work is considered to be the best here.
8．Many countries are now setting up national parks _______________ animals and plants can be protected.
9．I don't know the reason ___________________ you quarreled with her.
10．It happened in November _______________ the weather was wet and cold.
(that/which)
whose
where/in which
(why/for which)
when/in which
作業(yè)：完成報紙P15語法I
1. The river _________flows through London is called the Thames.
2. Mark is my best friend __________shares common interests with me.
3. A true friend is someone __________accepts your past, supports your present and encourages your future.
4. Zhang Guimei is a role model ___________has greatly moved many people.
5. My daughter likes the book very much ________cover is light green.
which/that; that; who;who/that;whose
作業(yè)：完成報紙P19語法I
6. Bob likes the new bike _________was bought by his uncle.
7. She’s one of those people _________love to be the centre of attention
8. Mr Brown _______life had been completely changed by an act of kindness decided to help people in need.
9. When jack returned home, he told everything ________had happened in his school to his mother.
10. This is the best film _______I have ever seen and it is well worth seeing a second time.
which/that;who; whose;that;that

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