資源簡介

(共56張PPT)
Unit 3 Our digital lives
Section 4 Focusing culture,
Cross-curricular connection, Project
滬教版2024
英語（八年級上）
學習目標
I can
talk about the history of computers,
understand how digital technology changes our lives.
improve my digital literacy.
analyse the positive and negative effects of the internet on daily life
01
新
課
導
入
03
應
用
實
踐
06
回
顧
總
結
07
隨
堂
小
練
02
學
習
理
解
04
遷
移
創
新
05
考
點
速
遞
學習內容
新課導入
1
We can use it to……
What can we use a computer to do
Free talk
send e-mails
Listen to music
play computer games
Computers can be used in our daily life.
We can use it to……
What can we use a computer to do
chat
shop online
have a meeting on line
We can use it to……
What can we use a computer to do
Operate railways
fly planes and spaceships
control robot
Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace designed the first programmed machine in Britain. Ada was the first computer programmer.
The development process of computers
Since computers can be used in our daily life. Do you know how computers developed
Ada Lovelace
The founder of computer programs
Charles Babbage
Early computers were built as big as a room. With the invention of the microchip in 1970, Computers became faster and smaller
The development process of computers
as big as a room
The first PC for home use came out in 1980. Later smartphones arrived and became small computers.
The development process of computers
In the future, computers may be tiny (even in clothes). Quantum computers(量子計算機） will be the next big breakthrough, much faster and more powerful.
The development process of computers
學習理解
02
How has digital technology changed the world
Think
Focusing on culture
Computer technology develops quickly and has changed our world greatly. Let's explore the history of computers
Read the text to find out how computers have developed over the years.
The story of the computer
A computer is any machine that can be programmed with a set of instructions.
1837
In Britain, the first machine with a program was designed by Charles Babbage and his student Ada Lovelace. Charles wanted a machine to add up big numbers, but Ada realized that a computer program could do a lot more. She was the first computer programmer.
1936
British scientist Alan Turing read Ada's ideas and created the Turing machine, the basic design of a computer system. The Turing machine could do all kinds of calculations, and it could also run different programs. This is the basis for all modem computers.
1940s
Scientists built early computers in England and Germany. They were the size of a room!
1981
A US company designed the first PC (personal computer) for the general public. Experts didn't believe that anybody wanted a computer at home. But in two years they sold thousands of them.
1971
Ted Hoff was the main inventor of the microprocessor, or “microchip”. This was a major breakthrough in the history of computers. Thanks to the microchip, computers and other electronic devices got faster and smaller very quickly.
1990s - present
Smartphones—phones with computer software—arrived! Today’s smartphones can connect to the internet and run all kinds of different apps -in other words, they are small computers. The arrival of smartphones has started a new era in digital technology. Expressions such as “Wi · Fi” “download” and “app” have become part of our daily lives.
The future
Computer technology continues to develop. Some computers will be tiny—perhaps we will even have computers in our clothes. Scientists believe that quantum computers (量子計算機) will be the next big breakthrough. They will be many times faster than today's computers, and much more powerful.
Notes
In May 2021, Chinese researchers built a powerful quantum computer called Zuchongzhi. Quantum computers are a new type of computer. They make calculations with help of the quantum mechanics(量子力學).
Time Development
1837 Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace designed _________________________in Britain. Ada was the first computer programmer.
1936 Alan Turing created the Turing machine, the base of __________________.
1940s Early computers were built in ___________________, as big as a room.
1971 Ted Hoff invented the puters became faster and smaller.
1981 _____________for home use came out. Thousands were sold in two years.
1990s - now Smartphones arrived and became small computers. Words like "Wi-Fi" and "app" are part of daily life.
Future Computers may be tiny (even in clothes). _________________will be the next big breakthrough, much faster and more powerful.
the first programmed machine
modern computers
England and Germany
The first PC
Quantum computers
Read and fill the following form
1.Who was the first computer programmer
A. Charles Babbage B. Ada Lovelace C. Alan Turing D. Ted Hoff
2.What did Alan Turing create in 1936
A. The first PC for the public B. The microprocessor
C. The Turing machine D. The first smartphone
3.Why were early computers in the 1940s special
A. They were as small as a phone B. They were the size of a room
C. They could run smartphone apps D. They had microchips
Read the text and choose the right answer.
4.When did the first PC for ordinary people appear
A. In 1971 B. In 1981 C. In the 1990s D. In 1837
5.What do scientists think about quantum computers
A. They will be slower than today’s computers
B. They will be the next big breakthrough
C. They will only be used in clothes
D. They are already popular now
6.What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history and development of computers.
B. Famous scientists who invented computers.
C. How to use modern computers and smartphones.
D. The problems of early computers in the 1940s.
2 Answer the questions below with the information from the text on page 46.
(1) What did Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace do in 1837
(2) Who was Alan Turing and what did he do
They designed the first machine with a program in Britain. Charles wanted it to add up big numbers, and Ada realized computer programs could do more.
Alan Turing was a British scientist. He created the Turing machine in 1936, which became the basic design for all modern computers.
(3) Who was Ted Hoff What happened after his invention
(4) What will be the next big breakthrough in computer technology
Ted Hoff was the main inventor of them microprocessor/microchip in 1971. After his invention, computers and electronic devices became faster and smaller quickly.
Scientists believe quantum computers will be the next big breakthrough. They will be much faster and more powerful than today's computers.
應用實踐
03
3 Find the words and the phrase in the text and match them with their meanings.
(1) major
(2) the general public
(3) era
(4) software
(5) download
a programs on a computer, phone, etc.
b a particular period in history
c people in society
d to get data, files, software, etc. from
the internet
e greater or more important
The development of computers has seen major steps. In 1837, the first programmed machine appeared, but it wasn’t until 1981 that the first PC was designed for _______________. Though experts doubted people would want home computers, thousands were sold quickly.
In the 1990s, smartphones with computer ________ arrived, starting a new digital _______. These phones can _______ to the internet, run apps, and let users _________ things easily. Words like "download" and "software" have become part of our daily lives, showing how computers have changed the world.
connect the general public era software download
the general public
software
era
connect
download
短文選詞填空
遷移創新
04
...
...
Over to you
4 How have smartphones changed our daily lives How will they continue to change our daily lives Share your ideas with the class.
Smartphones have changed our lives a lot. First, they help us stay in touch with others easily. For example, we can chat with friends on WeChat or make video calls anytime, anywhere. Second, they make studying easier. We can use apps to look up words, watch online lessons, or do homework. Also, we can shop online, pay bills, and even order food with smartphones.
In the future, smartphones may change our lives more. Maybe they can check our health. For example, they can tell us if we don’t sleep well or need to exercise. They might also help us travel better—for example, showing the best way to avoid traffic jams. Some day, smartphones could even connect to our home devices, so we can turn on the air conditioner or lock the door from far away.
In short, smartphones make our lives convenient now, and they will bring more surprises in the future!
考點速遞
05
1.British scientist Alan Turing read Ada's ideas and created the Turing machine, the basic design of a computer system.
英國科學家艾倫·圖靈研讀了艾達的思想，并發明了圖靈機，這是計算機系統的基本設計。
basic adj 基礎的，基本的；最簡單的，初級的
The course teaches basic English grammar.這門課教授基礎英語語法。
It’s important to learn basic first aid skills. 學習基本的急救技能很重要。
basis（名詞）基礎，根據；基準；方式
Trust is the basis of a good relationship.信任是良好關系的基礎。
常用搭配 on the basis of（根據，在…… 基礎上）
base 動詞。以…… 為基礎；把…… 建立在…… 上
be based on 以…… 為依據. 建立在….基礎之上（初一已學）
2. This was a major breakthrough in the history of computers. Thanks to the microchip, computers and other electronic devices got faster and smaller very quickly.
這是計算機歷史上的一個重大突破。得益于微芯片，計算機和其他電子設備迅速變得更快、更小。
major 作形容詞（adj.）主要的；重要的；多數的
English is one of the major languages spoken worldwide.
英語是世界上使用最廣泛的主要語言之一。
A major part of our budget goes to education.我們預算的大部分用于教育。
major 作動詞（v.）主修（大學專業）
常用搭配 “major in + 學科”，主語通常是人。
He majored in history at Harvard.他在哈佛大學主修歷史。
What did you major in during college 你大學主修什么？
breakthrough 是名詞， “突破；重大進展；重要發現”
Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
科學家在癌癥治療方面取得了重大突破。
After months of negotiations, they finally achieved a breakthrough on the trade issue.
經過數月談判，他們終于在貿易問題上取得了突破。
This invention is a breakthrough in renewable energy technology.
這項發明是可再生能源技術的一大突破。
1. electricity（名詞）電；電流；電能
We can’t live without electricity.我們的生活離不開電。
The storm cut off the electricity.暴風雨導致停電。
2. electric（形容詞）帶電的；用電的；電動的
An electric car runs on batteries.電動汽車靠電池驅動。
He fixed the electric kettle.他修好了電水壺。
3. electrical（形容詞）與電相關的；電氣科學的；電力系統的
She studied electrical engineering. 她學習電氣工程。
The building has electrical problems.這座建筑的電路系統有問題。
4. electronic（形容詞）電子的；電子設備的
特指通過電子電路或芯片運行的設備或系統（需編程或數據處理）。
I prefer reading electronic books.我更喜歡讀電子書。
Our company develops electronic components.我們公司開發電子元件。
詞 詞性 核心區別 例詞 / 場景
electric 形容詞 直接依賴電運行的具體物品 電燈electric light
電車 electric train
electrical 形容詞 與電相關的技術領域或系統 電氣工程師 electrical engineer電路 electrical circuit
electronic 形容詞 基于電子技術、需數據處理的設備 智能手機electronic phone
電腦 electronic device
electricity 名詞 電（能量形式）本身 發電 generate electricity
易錯點提醒
electric 和 electrical：
電燈泡是 electric bulb 直接用電發光；
電力工程師是 electrical engineer 涉及電力系統設計
electronic 和 electric：
電視機是 electronic device(需芯片和數據處理）；
電吹風是 electric appliance（僅用電發熱 / 轉動）。
3. The arrival of smartphones has started a new era in digital technology. Expressions such as “Wi · Fi” “download” and “app” have become part of our daily lives.
智能手機的出現開啟了數字技術的新紀元。“Wi·Fi”、“下載”和“應用”等詞匯已成為我們日常生活的一部分。
era 是名詞，核心含義為 “時代；年代；紀元”，
The invention of the Internet marked the beginning of a new era.
互聯網的發明標志著一個新時代的開始。
We live in the era of artificial intelligence. 我們生活在人工智能時代。
The Renaissance was an important era in European history.
文藝復興是歐洲歷史上的一個重要時代。
4.Scientists believe that quantum computers (量子計算機) will be the next big breakthrough. They will be many times faster than today's computers, and much more powerful.
科學家們認為，量子計算機將是下一個重大突破。它們將比當今的計算機快許多倍，且功能更強大。
表示倍數的比較級用法
基礎結構：倍數詞 + as + 原級 + as
含義：A 是 B 的 幾 倍（強調 “A 和 B 在某方面的數量 / 程度對比，A 為 B 的幾倍”）。
常見倍數詞：twice（兩倍）、three times（三倍）、four times（四倍）等，也可用分數（half “一半”）或百分數。
This room is twice as big as that one. 這個房間是那個房間的兩倍大。
The new machine runs three times as fast as the old one.
新機器的運行速度是舊機器的三倍。
比較級結構：倍數詞 + 比較級 + than
含義：A 比 B 大 / 多 / 快 X 倍。
注意：英語中 “倍數 + 比較級 + than”= 中文 “比…… 多 X 倍”（即 “A 的總量是 B 的 X+1 倍”），但實際使用中常簡化為 “是…… 的 X+1 倍”。
The river is twice longer than that one.
這條河比那條河長兩倍。= 這條河是那條河的三倍長。
The company’s profits this year are four times higher than last year.
公司今年的利潤比去年高四倍。= 是去年的五倍。
This building is three times taller than the library.
這棟樓比圖書館高三倍。= 是圖書館的四倍高。
much 在此句中用作程度副詞，修飾more powerful。
much 常放在形容詞或副詞比較級的前面，表示比較級的程度，一般翻
譯為“……得（的）多”能修飾比較級的程度副詞還有
（按程度大小排列）：
a little / a bit (一點) still /even (更) far / much / a lot (……得/ 的多)
例如： a little taller 高一點 still / even taller 更高
far / much / a lot taller高得多
我媽媽每天早上起床比我爸爸早得多。
My mother gets up much earlier than my father every morning.
Cross-curricular connection I Information technology
Literacy is the ability to read and write. Nowadays, we also talk about digital literacy： In today's world, this is a very important skill.
Read the article about digital literacy and tick (√) the correct statements about it.
Digital literacy
What is digital literacy Here are a few important parts of digital literacy.
Finding and using digital content
It is easier to find information online than in print books. However, we need to be careful when we look things up on the internet.
Firstly, there is a lot of subjective information online, so we cannot trust everything we read. Secondly, there is so much content on the web, and this makes it difficult to evaluate(評價) information, and it is easy to form biased(片面的) opinions.
Creating digital content
Today, we also create new content online. Writing posts and comments is an important way to communicate online. The things we publish on the internet contain more than just text. We can also use emojis, pictures and videos to express ourselves. This makes our online messages more interesting to read.
Communicating and sharing content
When we write emails, posts and comments, we can communicate with a large number of people. The internet is a very powerful tool, but we need to use this
tool in a good way. We should always be kind to others online, especially people we do not know. If we communicate in the right way, we can have a positive effect on people's lives. On the other hand, we can hurt others with mean comments online.
Digital literacy means the ability:
to find and use reliable online information.
to read e-books.
to create online content, such as writing posts and blogs.
to chat online with family and friends.
to share ideas and communicate with others online.
to behave well online.
Project
Setting up rules for using digital devices
Digital devices have become an important part of daily life. however, we need to make sure we use them in a sensible way. In this project, you are going to make a list of rules for using digital devices at home.
Step 1 How do the members of your family use digital devices at home Complete the table below.
Step 2 Work in pare how you and your family members use
digital devices. Then make a list of rules for using digital devices at
home.
How much time may each family member spend on their digital
devices per day
What should / may they use their digital devices for
Should there be a “device-free” time every day Why / why not
Who is responsible for checking that everyone follows the rules
What happens if someone breaks the rules
Step 3 Discuss the rules with your parents. Then revise them based
on their suggestions.
Step 4 Introduce the rules at home. Keep a journal for a week and
note down how well the rules work.
Family rules Who is responsible
If someone doesn't follow the rules, we will... Date：
Checked by：
Step 5 Discuss your results in groups. How well did the rules
work Did they make any difference Share your
findings with the class.
Wits corner
We are all now connected by the internet, like neurons in a giant brain.
—Stephen Hawking
回顧總結
06
一、學習和掌握本節所出現的單詞和短語。
二、閱讀和了解關于計算機發展史的文章，了解計算機的發展歷程。
三、跨學科（信息學）了解數字素養的核心要素，引導我們正確處理
數字時代的信息獲取、創作與交流。
四、學習制作創建合適運用數碼設備的規則，引導我們自己正確合適
使用數碼設備。
課堂小練
07
一、根據漢語提示或首字母完成單詞。
1. The journalist will_______（采訪）the football star tomorrow. I'm really looking forward to reading the report.
2. Keeping a _______(積極的） attitude can help you overcome difficulties more easily.
3. This ________（軟件） can help you edit photos easily.
4. We are living in an_____（時代）of rapid technological development.
5. We should respect each other’s o________ even if we don't agree.
6. Please don't make unkind c________ about others. It’s impolite.
7. Reading and writing are b_______ skills for students.
8. Math is one of the ________ （主要的）subjects in middle school.
interview
positive
software
era
opinions
comments
basic
major
9. This n_______ tells a touching story about friendship.
10. His new invention is a real b_________ in this field.
11. Taking exercise regularly has a good e_______ on your health.
12. Don't always have n_______ ideas. Try to see the bright side of things.
13. You can d________ this free app from the app store.
14. You should pay attention to your w______. Eating too much junk food is not good for you.
15. My father bought me a d_______ camera as a birthday gift. I can take beautiful photos with it.
16. Taking part in s_______ activities can help you make more friends.
novel
breakthrough
effect
negative
download
weight
digital
social
二、用單詞的適當形式填空
1. The__________ is working hard on developing a useful _________ for students.（programme）
2. An ___________(electron) product like smartphones is very popular among teenagers.
3. We should make decisions on the _____ of facts, not just our guesses.(basic)
4. Our _______ knowledge of science is _______ on years of study and experiments.(base)
5. The _______ of the school bus made all the students happy, and they quickly _________at the school gate to get on it.(arrive)
6. The elephant is much _____________(power)than the rabbit. It can easily move big logs with its trunk.
programmer programme
electronic
basis
basic based
arrival
arrived
much powerful
7. I have a friend from________. He can speak ________ very well and often tells me interesting things about his country.
8. I want to know the _______ of this box, so I will ______ it with a scale.(weigh)
9. Lack of sleep can _______ your study efficiency, and it may have a bad _____
on your grades.(effect)
10. We should develop good ______ skills to fit in well with _________when we grow up.(social)
11. Tom is _____________than his brother in facing difficulties.
12. Among all the stars we can see in the sky, the one that looks _________might be the farthest away.
Germany German
weight weigh
affect effect
social society
more positive
the tiniest
the tiniest
三、完成句子
1.查爾斯想要一臺機器來計算大數，但艾達意識到計算機程序能做的更多。
Charles wanted a machine to _____ ______big numbers, but Ada realized that a computer program could do ___ ____ ______
2.圖靈機可以進行各種計算，也可以運行不同的程序。
The Turing machine could do _____ _____ _____calculations, and it could also ______ ______ _______.
3.由于芯片的發明，電腦有了重大的突破，它們變得更快，更小。
Thanks to the invention of chips, computers have made ____ ______ ______, they got _____ _____ ______.
4.請把你的電腦連接到網絡，然后下載這個應用程序。
Please _______ your computer ____ the network and then ______ this _______.
connect to download app
add up
a lot more
all kinds of
run different programs.
a major breakthrough
faster and smaller
5.智能手機的出現開啟了數字技術的新時代。
The arrival of smartphones has started ___ ____ ____ ____ ______ ______.
6.直到1981年，第一臺面向普通大眾設計的個人電腦才問世
It wasn’t until 1981 that ____ ____ ____was designed for ____ ____ _____.
7.這條河比那條河長兩倍。
The river is ____ _____ ______that one.
8.我媽媽每天早上起床比我爸爸早得多。
My mother gets up _____ _____ ______my father every morning.
a new era in digital technology
the first PC the general public
twice longer than
much earlier than
6G technology is in its early stage, but it will bring a new 1.e_____ of super - fast communication. Its 2.b______ function is not just to make calls or send messages, but to connect everything around us more 3.s_______.
The major 4.e______of 6G will be felt in many areas. In smart cities, traffic lights will work better with 6G, reducing jams. In hospitals, doctors may use it to help patients far away. Scientists have made some 5.b__________ in testing. They say new software for 6G will let us 6.d________ a whole movie in just a second.
This 7.p_______ change will make our life easier. Students can have clearer online classes, and families can enjoy better video chats. We all look forward to when 6G comes into our daily life.
四、短文填詞
basic
era
smoothly
effect
breakthroughs
download
positive
Thank you！

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