資源簡介

(共33張PPT)
Grammar&Language Practice
Unit 5
Ancient Civilization
高教版中職英語基礎模塊二（2023修訂版)
Grammar
Object Clauses---賓語從句
I know him .
2. I know who he is .
主語
謂語
賓語
主語
謂語
賓 語 從 句
連詞
從句主語
從句謂語
主 句
（復合句）
（簡單句）
I know him.
Do you have the time
I think (that) she is beautiful.
Why don’t you pay attention to me
賓語
位于謂語動詞或者介詞后
什么是賓語？
從句在復合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，
通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之后。
eg. We know Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
二、賓語從句三要素
引導詞（連接詞）
語 序
時 態
一、賓語從句的概念
一、賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序,即按照“連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分”的順序。
The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.
老師說他是一個誠實的男孩。
I wonder if/whether he works hard.
我不知道他是否努力工作。
二、賓語從句的時態：
(一)如果主句是一般現在時,賓語從句可以用任意時態。例如:
He says(that)he has read this book.他說他已經讀過這本書了。
He says(that)he is reading this book.他說他正在讀這本書。
(二)如果主句是過去的時態（一般過去時，過去進行時），從句的時態一定要用相對應的過去的某種時態（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）
He can go with me. He said. =He said he could go with me.
She didn't know if they had seen the movie.她不知道他們是否看過這個電影了。
注意:如果賓語從句的內容表示的是客觀真理或者不可改變的自然現象等,雖然主句用般過去時,從句依然用一般現在時。例如:
Our teacher told us(that)the earth goes around the sun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉。
The teacher said light travels faster than sound.老師說光比聲音傳播得快。
▲口訣：主現從隨便，主過從必過（客觀事實，真理，自然規律除外）
1. I know (that) he ___________ (join) the Party in 2000.
2. Could you tell me where he ___________(mend) his bike at that time
3. I see that they ___________ (play) football over there.
4. Tell me where he ___________ (live).
5. I want to know how long you _________ (have) this bike.
6. I hear that he ____________(come) tomorrow.
joined
was mending
are playing
lives
have had/kept
will come
根據主句，在賓語從句中填入正確的動詞時態：
7.I knew that he ___________(join) the League in 2000.
8. I wanted to know how you __________ (get) on with your classmates.
9. He told me that he______________(have) this bike for three years.
10. I wondered if he ______________(come) tomorrow.
11.Our teacher told us that light ________(go) faster than sound.
12. We all knew that the moon ________(move) round the sun.
13. It was true that there ________(be) twelve months in a year.
joined
got
had had
would come
goes
moves
are
三、賓語從句的引導詞
(一)由that引導的賓語從句
當賓語從句是陳述句時,用連接詞that引導,that在句中無實際意義,不做句子成分,可以省略。例如:
He says(that)he has been to Beijing twice. 他說他去過北京兩次。
She said (that) she went to the library last weekend. 她說她上周末去圖書館了。
that不能省略的情況
①當賓語從句的主語是that時。Eg.He says that that is a map of the city.
②當賓語從句前有插入語時。Eg. He says, in his letter, that he misses us very much.
③兩個that引導的賓語從句，第二個that不能省。
Eg. He said the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
④賓語從句中又包含從句。Eg.The woman said that if we cleaned the room, she would give us sugar.
⑤ it 做形式賓語。用it做形式賓語的賓語從句時（ it常可以放在動詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語，而真正的賓語——that從句則放在句尾）
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
We heard it that she would get married next month.
(二)由wh-類詞引導的賓語從句.
當賓語從句是特殊疑問句時,特殊疑問詞可以直接用作引導詞,因為它同時兼具連接詞或連接副詞的功能。而且,它在句中有實際意義,做子成分,不可以省略。
例如:
Could you please tell me when we will have a sports meeting 你能告訴我我們將在化么時候開運動會嗎
I wondered what Ishould do nex.我想知道下一步該做什么。
以 wh- 疑問詞或 how 引導的賓語從句與動詞不定式可相互轉換:
疑問代詞 who, what, which 及疑問副詞 when, where, why 等和動詞不定式連用，構成動詞不定式短語。
I didn’t know what to do.=I didn’t know what I should do.
The policeman showed us where to go.=The policeman showed us where we should go.
Can you tell me how to make a kite =Can you tell me how I can make a kite
I don’t know what I can say next. =
I don’t know what to say next.
He doesn’t know where he can make a phone call.=
He doesn’t know where to make a phone call.
主句和從句的主語為同一人，賓語從句可轉換為動詞不定式結構。如下所示：
1. He asked _____________________________.
2. Do you know_________________________
3. He asked_______________________________.
4. Do you know _________________________
5. Please tell me _____________.
6. Can you tell me ________________________
7. Could you tell me ______________________
who could answer the question
whom they are waiting for
whose bike was the best in the class
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is
how I can get to the station
why the train is late
由疑問代詞 Who, whom, whose, which, what
和疑問副詞 where, how, why, when引導的賓從
代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。
(三)由 if 或 whether 引導的賓語從句
1.當賓語從句為一般疑問句時,用if或 whether 引導,意為“是否”。if 和 whether 只連接作用,不做句子成分,不可以省略。常用在ask, know， wonder, can (could) you tell me 等后。
Are you a student Please tell me.= Please tell me if /whether you are a student.
I want to know if/whether my elder sister is waiting for me,我想知道我姐姐是否在等我。
Could you tell me if/whether you have been to ltaly.你能告訴我你是否去過意大利嗎,
2.下列情況下的賓語從句只能用 whether 引導。
(1)與or not 連用時。例如:
I don't know whether he likes the book or not.我不知道他是否喜歡這本書。
(2)做介詞的賓語時。例如:
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切取決于我們是否有足夠的錢
(3) 在不定式前 They asked me whether to go skating.
(4) 賓語從句在句首；
if / whether
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. I wonder ___________ he is well.
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
5. I don’t know _______ to go.
if / whether
whether
whether /if
whether
whether
牛刀小試
四.注意賓語從句中的否定轉移。
在賓語從句中，當主句的謂語動詞是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,則從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反意疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。如:
I don't think she is right.
I don't believe that he will come on time.
用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句
具備兩個條件：①真正的賓語是不定式，動名詞或從句；② 有賓語補足語。
句型為：主語+謂語動詞(find,think,make,feel,consider等)+it+賓補+that引導的賓語從句
I find it pleasant to work with him.
賓語從句的虛擬語氣
若主句的謂語是suggest / order / demand / insist /require等詞，從句用虛擬語氣，形式為(should)+動原
The captain ordered that they should start at once.
真題演練
1.(2019年山東春季高)---Could you tell me__________for the coming summer vacation
-----I’ll join a summer camp in Xi'an.
A.what did you do B.what you did
C.what will you do D. what you will do
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查賓語從句。A、C兩項不是陳述句語序;根據答語可知問句也應該用將來時。 本題的關鍵詞是coming,表示事情還沒做,所以賓語從句用將來時態且用陳述語序。
2.(2020年山東春季高考) I wonder__________I could recognize him or not after so many years
A. Whether B. where C.why D.when
【答案】 A
【解析】 本題考查賓語從句。句意:“我想知道這么多年后我是否能認出他。本題的關鍵詞是or not，whether...or not是固定搭配。
3.(2022年山東春季高考)---LiLing, could you tell me _____________the new T-shirt
---I bought it in a shop on the Internet.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy
C. where you bought D. where you will buy
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查賓語從句。一般從三個方面對賓語從句進行考查:連接詞;從句語序;從句時態。本題的連詞應用where;賓語從句應使用陳述句語序;答語中的動詞bought 為 bus的過去式形式,所以從句應用一般過去時態。根據上下文動詞時態一致原則,確定從句應用一般過去時態,且從句要使陳述句語序。
4. (2023年山東春季高考）They were wondering__________the birthday party and I suggested a Sichun restaurant.
A.if they would hold B.where they would hold
C.if would they hold D.where would they hold
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查賓語從句。本題的連詞應用where;賓語從句應使用陳述句語序;句子后面的動詞suggested 過去式形式,所以從句應用一般過去時態。根據上下文動詞時態一致原則,確定從句應用一般過去時態,且從句要使陳述句語序。

賓語從句
三要素
時 態
引導詞（連接詞）
語 序
Summary (小結）
Language Practice
賓語從句
Did you know that the Silk Road was neither an actual road nor a single route
Strong evidence suggests that Greece was introduced to silk products from China in the 6th century BC.
Could you tell me where the Silk Road exhibition is
I wonder whether there’re any volunteer guides for the exhibition or not.
Grammar
讀以下句子，標出賓語從句。
Read and underline.
1) The book describes how Bi Sheng invented clay types in the 11th century.
2) I don’t know if there will be an exhibition in the museum tomorrow.
3) I’ve learned in class that culture is part of a civilization.
4) He explained why the Silk Road was so important at that time.
5) Do you know who made the first printing machine
6) History tells us that mutual learning was important between different civilizations.
選擇適當的引導詞，完成賓語從句。
Read and complete.
1) The picture shows 　　　　　 (how / whose) paper was made in ancient China.
2) Do you know 　　　　　 (whom / who) was the inventor of the first computer
3) He asked me 　　　　　 (if / that) I had read The Travels of Marco Polo.
4) I found 　　　　　 (that / what) all the tickets for the exhibition had been sold out.
5) Could you tell me 　　　　　 (when / what) was used to build the Great Wall
6) I wonder 　　　　　 (whether / if) the newly-designed device will work or not.
how
who
if
that
what
whether
Choose and complete.
Sam: I heard 1)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Yeah. I went there with Lucy.
Sam: I don’t know 2)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Actually, we went there to see an exhibition of the Silk Road.
Sam: Oh, I remembered 3)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Exactly. She wanted to get more information for her paper.
Sam: I see. Tell me 4)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: It was wonderful! And there were many visitors in the hall …
Sam: I wonder if 5)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: No problem!
Lucy was writing a paper about the Silk Road
I could go there with you next time
you went to the History Museum yesterday
What the exhibition was like
you like those ancient artifacts
C
E
A
D
B
選擇合適的句子補全對話，注意句中賓語從句的用法。
選擇合適的短語，用其適當形式補全句子。
Choose and complete.
1) I was most its special design.
2) were originated in ancient Greece.
3) Art of paper-cut is a traditional folk art which .
at least 1 500 years ago.
4) He often some art treasure in the market.
5) The temple was made by the ancient Greeks 2 400 years ago.
as early as
date back to
attract to
search for
the Olympic Games
attracted to
The Olympic Games
dates back to
searches for
as early as
用所給單詞的適當形式補全短文。
Read and complete.
Last night, I watched a TV show about the Silk Road. For the first time,
I knew that the Silk Road was not a single route. 1) 　　 　　 , it was
a network of ancient trade routes which 2) 　　　 　 different countries. People along the road 3) 　　　 　 goods as well as
information and technology. The entire road was such a 4) .　　　　
that it 5) 　　　 　 the development of all the countries along the
road.
boost
link
actual
treasure
exchange
Actually
linked
exchanged
treasure
boosted
作業
1.背誦“賓語從句”的筆記
2. 完成本課的同步練習

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