資源簡(jiǎn)介 (共35張PPT)第六章 完成句子【題型分解】完成句子共5題,每題從4分降到3分,總分從20分降到15分。完成句子這一題型不是翻譯完整的句子,而是給出上下文根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成英語(yǔ)句子。這樣使得難度有所降低,但是由于考查了英語(yǔ)的綜合應(yīng)用能力,因此在整份高考試卷中屬于較難的一種題型。 但通過(guò)對(duì)2015年至2024年的試卷分析可知完成句子所考查的內(nèi)容往往集中在固定的幾種語(yǔ)法類型上。語(yǔ)法類型 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 固定短語(yǔ)或句型 賓語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 倒裝句 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 主語(yǔ)從句 簡(jiǎn)單句2015年 3 1 1 2016年 1 1 3 1 2017年 1 1 2 1 2018年 2 1 1 1 2019年 1 1 1 1 1 2020年 1 1 1 1 12021年 1 1 1 2 12022年 1 1 1 1 12023年 1 1 2 12024年 1 2 1 1由上表可知,完成句子主要集中在五大類上,分別是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,固定短語(yǔ)或句型,賓語(yǔ)從句,狀語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句。但是從近兩年的高考來(lái)看,完成句子的考查范圍也在不斷地?cái)U(kuò)大,這要求學(xué)生須全面地掌握各語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。【方法指導(dǎo)】從總體情況而言,只要方法正確, 此部分的分?jǐn)?shù)是比較容易提高的。那么如何在考前有效地提高這道題目的得分 下面是為你提供的一些可行有效的方法,助你提高高考第二卷的得分。(一)過(guò)好單詞關(guān)。但凡學(xué)英語(yǔ)的人都知道,單詞難學(xué)難記又不得不記,記住的單詞很容易又忘記,即使花費(fèi)巨大代價(jià)也難以保證攻克單詞關(guān)。而研究單詞記憶的特點(diǎn)和記憶規(guī)律對(duì)單詞的記憶有莫大的幫助。英語(yǔ)單詞的記憶,沒(méi)有靈丹妙藥,不可能一勞永逸,而是要花時(shí)間、花工夫,要經(jīng)常復(fù)習(xí)。當(dāng)然,在具體的記法上也還是有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)比較實(shí)用的方法。第一,注意手、嘴、腦的作用,也就是把音、形、意結(jié)合起來(lái),可邊讀,邊寫,邊記。由于英語(yǔ)是象音文字,聲音就顯得非常重要,記住它的發(fā)音對(duì)于記住它的拼寫有特別的作用,所以對(duì)于大部分同學(xué)而言,讀記比默記的效果要好。第二,可把同一詞根的單詞放在一起,有比較地系統(tǒng)地記憶。如success,succeed,successful,successfully,這4個(gè)同源單詞,分別是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞形式,放在一起記可以加深對(duì)它們的理解,更好地把握它們的區(qū)別。第三,對(duì)于經(jīng)常寫錯(cuò)的單詞,要重點(diǎn)解決、各個(gè)擊破,不可一拖再拖,一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)。(二)完成句子。做完成句子,首先判斷用什么句型。看到中文后,先想用什么句型,然后再考慮用哪些詞,不要馬上逐字翻譯成對(duì)應(yīng)的英文單詞。判斷好該用的句型或短語(yǔ)后,嘗試把中文意思翻譯成英文。然后,根據(jù)句子中已有的部分或中文意思的提示,注意翻譯部分的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和固定句型的搭配等。1.從句(1)定語(yǔ)從句。在做定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要特別注意從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu),即:先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句。再按照這個(gè)公式根據(jù)句子中所缺少的成分補(bǔ)上去,再檢查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)就可以了。(2)名詞性從句出現(xiàn)時(shí)尤其要注意語(yǔ)序,即使用陳述句語(yǔ)序。方法和上面定語(yǔ)從句的方法差不多。(3)狀語(yǔ)從句。先要根據(jù)句子的意思判斷是哪種類型的狀語(yǔ)從句。如:地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、讓步等。先根據(jù)判斷找好引導(dǎo)詞,注意使用陳述句語(yǔ)序,即:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。2.非謂語(yǔ)(1)分詞。分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的用法。大原則是現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,如see/hear sb.doing sth.等固定用法。而過(guò)去分詞則表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如:He found his windows broken by a little boy(被一個(gè)小男孩打爛了). (2)非謂語(yǔ)中的不定式要特別注意省略to的用法。比如有些使役動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,如let,make,have,feel,hear,smell,watch等。例如:The teacher made me rewrite the composition yesterday.I heard her say that she was fed up.但是在以上結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)句中所省略的to要加上。如:I was made to rewrite the composition yesterday.3.固定結(jié)構(gòu)(1)固定句型①It is+adj.+to do...例如:It is difficult to know how much she earns every month.It is impossible to know where she’s gone.② It is no use/good+doing “……是沒(méi)有用的”“……是沒(méi)必要的”。例如:It is no use trying to persuade him.(2)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)常用在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中:have difficulty (in)+doing sth.have trouble (in)+doing sth.have a good time (in)+doing sth.have a hard time (in)+doing sth.例1:We have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.例2:They had problem getting there on time.(3)固定短語(yǔ)如:in the hope of,pay attention to,make up one’s mind等例如:1. (你手里的這本書) was written by my sister. 【解析】 從所給句子分析,該句沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),所以要完成部分為主語(yǔ)。而主語(yǔ)中,“你手里的”是定語(yǔ),修飾“這本書”,因此應(yīng)寫為:The book in your hand。2. (每天晚上八點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)),he sits on the sofa watching TV. 【解析】 從全句來(lái)看,所填部分是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。注意所填的時(shí)間順序應(yīng)是從小到大,應(yīng)先寫“八點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)”,再寫“每天晚上”,所以應(yīng)寫為:From eight to ten every evening。3.The mother told the little boy (不要在街上跑). 【解析】 這句中所考查的是動(dòng)詞tell的用法,通常為tell sb. to do sth.這種結(jié)構(gòu)。而對(duì)不定式表否定,not直接放在不定式的前面,因此應(yīng)寫為:not to run in the street。4.As soon as (父親進(jìn)入房間),the children stopped fighting at once. 【解析】 句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞已給出,因此只用填句子部分,根據(jù)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞stopped可以判斷應(yīng)完成部分是一個(gè)一般過(guò)去時(shí)。所以可寫為:the father entered the room或?qū)ntered改為went into或came into。5.I didn’t go to Tom’s birthday party (因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有邀請(qǐng)我). 【解析】 據(jù)分析,需要完成的是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。從主句中所給的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)判斷,從句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。因此可為because he didn’t invite/hadn’t invited me。當(dāng)然,也可用since,as來(lái)替換because。此句如將句子改寫為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式也可。【強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練】1.It (沒(méi)有區(qū)別) since we have known the result. 2.Do you know (他如此不開心的原因) 3.He was told (不要在河邊玩耍). 4.It (我花費(fèi)了一小時(shí)完成) the homework given by our English teacher. 新鮮度:makes no differencethe reason why he was so sad/unhappynot to play by the rivertook me an hour to finish5.She wants to make it clear (會(huì)議是否被推遲). 6.He (看起來(lái)像) his father. 7. (瀏覽) this book and tell me what you think of it. 8.He is the student (他的父親是我的老師). 9.It is polite (你這樣說(shuō)). 10.He is unhappy, (我也是). 新鮮度:whether the meeting has been put offlooks likeLook/Go throughwhose father is my teacher/whether the meeting will be put offof you to say soso am I11.He is (盼望) hearing from his mother. 12.Can you tell me (我怎樣能到廣州) 13.When he heard the bad news,he (忍不住哭了). 14.Is this the park (他三年前去過(guò)的) 15.You will enjoy (學(xué)習(xí)使用新電腦). 新鮮度:looking forward tocouldn’t help cryingwhere he went 3 years agolearning to use the new computerhow I can get to Guangzhou16.He is young. (換句話說(shuō)),he has a bright future before him. 17.They kept the lights (整夜亮著). 18.It remains to be a question (它是否對(duì)我們有害). 19.The prisoner (毫不費(fèi)力氣地逃掉了)from the police. 20.Have you seen the new (零件小得看不見的機(jī)器) 新鮮度:In other wordswhether it does harm to ushave no difficulty in getting awaymachine whose parts are too small to be seenburning on all the night21.I suggest that (我們星期天進(jìn)行籃球比賽). 22. (要是他昨天在這里的話),he would have attended the party. 23.Do you still remember (我們?nèi)ムl(xiāng)下參觀農(nóng)場(chǎng)的那一天) 24. (聽到這個(gè)消息),they all jumped with joy. 25.I’ll tell him the news (他一回來(lái)). 新鮮度:we (should) have a basketball match this Sundaythe day when we went to the countrysideOn hearing the newsas soon as he comes backIf he had been here yesterdayto visit the farm26.I want to know (這本書是否值得閱讀). 27.When he ran into the classroom,he (上氣不接下氣). 28.We’d rather (你住得離我們遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的). 29.The couple (過(guò)幸福的生活)after they got married. 30.She is the prettiest girl (我曾經(jīng)見過(guò)的). 新鮮度:if/whether the book is worth readingyou lived far from usthat I have ever seenwas out of breathlived a happy life31. (1993年的秋天)he left New York University and came to China. 32.I had never seen (像他那么高的男子) before. 33. (那天當(dāng)我到達(dá)大學(xué)時(shí)),I found her seated in the large room. 34. (必須使每一個(gè)人懂得)honesty is the most important thing. 35.We completed the work (提前五天). 新鮮度:In the autumn of 1993When I arrived at the university that day/Arriving at the university that dayfive days ahead of timesuch a tall man as heEveryone must be made to understand that36.When I entered the classroom,I saw them (正在和一個(gè)外國(guó)人談話). 37.Mary went to America (她出生的). 38. (到目前為止),I haven’t received his letter. 39.He (救了我的命) the day before yesterday. 40.I will answer his phone (無(wú)論我多忙). 新鮮度:talking with a foreignerSo farhowever busy I amwhere she was born/which she was born insaved my life41.New things are (充滿生命) and nothing can stop their development. 42.There is something wrong with my TV set.I must (叫人檢查一下). 43.His speech was so exciting that most of the people (深受感動(dòng)). 44.Our life has become better and better (隨著科學(xué)的發(fā)展). 45.She was so shy that (她不敢向陌生人問(wèn)路). 新鮮度:full of lifewere greatly/deeply movedshe dared not(didn’t dare to)ask strangers the wayhave it checkedwith the developmentof science46.He is very tired. (讓他休息幾分鐘吧). 47.We will go and visit the museum (即使明天下雨). 48. (越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人)like to come here to do business with us. 49.The girl (你剛才跟她交談的)is a friend of mine. 50.They saw the film on TV, (我們也是如此). 新鮮度:Let him have a few minutes’restMore and more foreignersso did weeven if it rains tomorrowthat/whom/who you talked with just now51. (真遺憾) that you missed the wonderful performance last night. 52.After all exams,we (急于知道結(jié)果). 53.We will start out on time (即使明天下雨). 54.He (被阻止)doing such a silly thing. 55. (你所需要的) is more practice. 新鮮度:It’s a pityeven if it rains tomorrowWhat you needwere anxious to know the resultwas prevented/stopped/kept from56.How I wish (我能年輕十歲)! 57.The chair is (坐上去很舒服). 58.Don’t (浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和他談話).He won’t listen. 59.The Third World (由……組成) more than one hundred countries. 60.Whether we will go camping tomorrow (由天氣而定). 新鮮度:I were ten years youngerwaste time talking with himdepends on the weathercomfortable to sit on/inis made up of61.The number of milu deer (將大大增加). 62. (不是所有的學(xué)生) are interested in English study. 63.The foreign teacher (跟我們講話的)is from America. 64.We (正盡力使得) our country richer and stronger. 65.She (因……聞名) her fine acting. 新鮮度:will increase greatlywho is/was talking with us/who talked to usis famous forNot all the studentsare doing/trying our best to make66. (到……結(jié)束的時(shí)候) last month we had learned 5,000 words. 67.When the boy ran here and there,his mother (在尋找他). 68.He (遵守諾言) and said nothing about it. 69.It remains to be proved (這個(gè)計(jì)劃是否有用). 70.Is it the reason (為什么他拒絕了我們的幫助) 新鮮度:By the end ofkept his promisewhy he refused our helpwas looking for himwhether this plan is useful or not71. (只有通過(guò)努力) can you pass the exam. 72.We are looking forward to (再次參觀北京的名勝). 73.Plants grow well (在有充足的陽(yáng)光和水的地方). 74.Had you followed his advice, (你就能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作). 75.The doctor (下星期一將要出國(guó)的)is now talking with one of the patients. 新鮮度:Only by working hardwhere there are enough sunshine and waterwho will go abroad next Mondayvisiting the places of interestin Beijing againyou would have finishedthe work on time76.He was made (遵守這些規(guī)則). 77.I wonder (你打算去哪度假). 78.I (擔(dān)心你的安全) in such weather. 79.He talks (好像他就是這本書的作者). 80. (因?yàn)樗麑?duì)我家所做的一切),I can’t forgive him. 新鮮度:to follow these rulesam/was worried about your safetyBecause of what he did to my familywhere you are going to spend your holidayas if he were the writer of the book81.Can you lend me (前幾天你們談?wù)摰男≌f(shuō)) 82.The price of electricity is (比十年前要高兩倍). 83.There is no doubt (他將獲得第一名). 84.They worked hard (為了能提前完成工作). 85.The important thing is (要決定下一步我們?cè)撟鍪裁?. 新鮮度:the novel you were talking about several days agothat he will win the first placeto decide what we shall do nexttwo times higher than ten years agoin order to finish the work ahead of time86.If you want to catch up with the others,you must be willing to (采取一些行動(dòng)). 87.We will go and visit the museum (就算他沒(méi)空). 88.There is a window (昨晚被打碎的). 89.There aren’t enough books,so (你們得合著用). 90.All the money he had spent on trips that year (總計(jì))more than $10,000. 新鮮度:take some actionswhich was broken last nightadded up toeven if he is not freeyou have to share them with each other91.He was (盡他可能提供) the best service to the patients,but they were not satisfied. 92.He (與……無(wú)關(guān)) that woman in the corner. 93.They have (下決心) to do what they promised to do. 94.The old machine is of no use any more.I want to (馬上把它淘汰). 95.I met him (偶然) the day before yesterday. 新鮮度:trying all he could to offermade up their mindby chance/by accidenthas nothing to do withget rid of it at once96.They (允許我們?nèi)? Tibet. 97.We (對(duì)……感興趣) vegetables. 98.What (到底,究竟) do you mean 99.He told them (不要解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題) in this way. 100.I don’t know the novel (由魯迅所寫的). 新鮮度:allow us to go toon earthwhich is written by Lu Xun/written by Lu Xunare interested innot to solve the problem 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來(lái)源于二一教育資源庫(kù)