資源簡介 (共39張PPT)第四章 冠詞【復習要求】掌握冠詞的基本用法。【知識要點】冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。冠詞有兩種,定冠詞和不定冠詞,定冠詞有the,不定冠詞有 a,an。a用在輔音音素(即音標中的輔音而不是輔音字母)開頭的單詞之前,如:a useful book。an用在元音音素(即音標中的元音而不是元音字母)開頭的單詞之前。如:an examination。一、不定冠詞的用法1.表示人或事物的某一類。如:A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr.Smith is an engineer.2.指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或何物。如:A man is waiting for you.3.表示“一個”,意為one。如:I have a mouth and a nose.4.用在某些固定詞組中。如:a little, a few, a lot,in a hurry, in a minute, after a while,have a cold, take a walk二、定冠詞的用法1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,用于上文已提到的人或事物前。如:the photo of the boyI have a novel.The novel is interesting.2.指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。如:Listen to the tape carefully.Open the door,please.3.用在序數詞、形容詞最高級和表示方位的名詞前。如:This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited.I was the first to come to school.4.用在某些形容詞(或過去分詞)之前,表示一類人。如:the poor, the young, the wounded, the sick5.表示世界上獨一無二的事物。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky6.用在江河、湖泊、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島等之前。如:the Yellow River,the Yangtze River,the West Lake7.用在報刊,雜志的名詞之前。如:the China Daily,the Evening Paper,the Times8.用在姓氏的復數形式前,表示“……一家人”或“……夫婦”。如:the Greens,the Whites,the Turners9.用在樂器的名詞前。如:The little girl likes to play the violin(piano,guitar,etc).10.用在逢十的數詞復數之前。如:in the 1970s11.用在由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前。如:the People’s Republic of China,the Great Wall,the Summer Palace12.用來加強特指意義,表示“最適合的”“最理想的”等意思。如:He is the man for the job.13.用在一些習慣用語中。如:in the morning,by the way,at the age of,in the end三、不用冠詞的情況1.專有名詞、不可數名詞(抽象名詞和物質名詞)前。如:China,Tom,New York,love,air2.名詞前已有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格等限定時。如:my book,this factory,every person3.在季節、月份、星期、節日等名詞之前。如:in winter,in May,on Tuesday,on National Day4.泛指的名詞復數,表示一類人或事物時。如:They are teachers.Cats are lovely animals.5.在語言、學科、三餐、球類運動和娛樂運動等名詞前。如:learn English,have lunch,play football6.用在稱呼或表示官銜、職位的名詞前及其在句中作主補或賓補時。如:Chairman Hu,President BushWe elected Jim group leader.7.在成對使用的詞組前。如:day and night,husband and wife,face to face,knife and fork,side by side8.在某些固定詞組中。如:by air,on foot,at night,after school,at home,go to class,in fact,go to hospital9.在“名詞+as+主語+謂語,...”讓步狀語從句中。如:Child as he is,he can write a letter.【例題解析】( )1.My parents often tell me to be honest boy today and useful man tomorrow. A.an;a B.an;an C.a;an D.a;a【答案】 A【解析】 honest以元音音素[ ]開頭,所以用an;useful以輔音音素[j]開頭,所以用a。因此要根據音標而不是字母來判斷。( )2.We all made him captain of the team. A.a B./ C.the D.an【答案】 B【解析】 表示官銜、職位的名詞在句中作主補或賓補時,不用冠詞。該句中captain of the team作賓語補足語。( )3.Why should woman retire at age of fifty five A.a;the B.a;an C.the;an D./;the【答案】 A【解析】 該題中a woman表示一類人,at the age of是習慣用語。( )4.Paris is beautiful city,where you can see famousEiffel Tower. A.the;a B.a;the C.a;/ D./;the【答案】 B【解析】 該題中a beautiful city表示“一個美麗的城市”,“a”相當于one;the Eiffel Tower是由普通名詞構成的專有名詞,需用定冠詞the。【同步精練】( )1.His father is going to have X ray check. A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】 B【解析】 “have a check” 是“做檢查”的意思,在check 前有X ray修飾,因為X ray是以元音音素開頭的單詞,所以a改為an。( )2.He is one of the best students in our class.We made him monitor last month. A.an B.a C./ D.the【答案】 C【解析】表示官銜、職位的名詞前不用冠詞。( )3.He is neither American nor Asian.He is Canadian. A.an;an;a B.an;a;a C./;/;/ D./;an;a【答案】 A【解析】 American和Asian是以元音音素開頭的單詞,表示單數時,單詞前用an;而Canadian是以輔音音素開頭的單詞,表示單數時,單詞前用a。( )4. is old country with long history. A.The China;an;a B.The China;a;aC.China;an;the D.China;an;a【答案】 D【解析】表示國家的名詞前不用冠詞。old 是元音音素開頭的單詞,修飾country時前面要用an;而在long history 前用不定冠詞a。( )5. Li Ping’s mother is teacher.She teaches English in middle school. A./;a;/ B.The;a;a C./;a;a D./;an;the【答案】 C【解析】 Li Ping’s mother 前不用冠詞,teacher前用不定冠詞,middle school 前也是用不定冠詞。( )6. elephant is bigger than horse. A./;/ B.an;a C.An;a D.The;a【答案】 C【解析】 elephant 和 horse前都用不定冠詞,表示事物的一類。elephant 是以元音音素開頭的單詞,所以要用an,又由于是在句首,所以第一個字母要大寫。( )7.We always have rice for lunch. A./;/ B.the;/ C./;a D.the;the【答案】 A【解析】 rice是物質名詞,屬于不可數名詞,它的前面不用冠詞修飾;三餐的前面也不用冠詞修飾。( )8.Jack has unusual friend—a dog called Bob. A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】 B【解析】 friend是可數名詞,沒用復數前面就要加a;而unusual 是以元音音素開頭的單詞,修飾friend時,要用an。( )9.It took me hour and half to finish work. A.a;a;a B.an;a;a C.an;a;the D.an;a;/【答案】 C【解析】 一個半小時”用 “an hour and a half” 或者是“one and a half hours”來表示;work前不能用不定冠詞來修飾。( )10. doctor told me to take medicine three times day and stay in bed,then I would be better soon. A./;a;a;the B.A;the;the;/C.The;/;a;/ D.A;/;a;/【答案】 C【解析】該句意思為:醫生告訴我一日吃藥三次,躺在床上,然后我很快就會好。doctor前要用定冠詞,表示特指;medicine是不可數名詞,前面不用冠詞; day前要用不定冠詞;stay in bed 是固定搭配,bed前不用冠詞。( )11.She likes music.She is listening to music of film Tom and Jerry. A./;/;a B./;the;theC.the;the;the D.a;an;the【答案】 B【解析】第一個music前不用冠詞,因為是抽象名詞、不可數名詞,表示泛指;第二個music前要用定冠詞表示特指;film前也要用定冠詞,指特定的這部電影。( )12.Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860. A.a B.the C./ D.an【答案】 C【解析】 在表示官銜、職位的名詞前不用冠詞。( )13.You are ill.You’d better go to hospital. A./ B.the C.a D.an【答案】 A【解析】 go to hospital表示 “去醫院看病”“住院”的意思;go to the hospital是“去醫院”的意思,主要強調“去”這個動作。( )14.There is “u” and “s” in the word “use”. A.a;a B.the;the C.an;a D.a;an【答案】 D【解析】字母 u雖然是元音字母,但發音是以輔音音素開頭的;字母 s 雖然是輔音字母,但發音是以元音音素開頭。( )15. Beijing is one of most beautiful cities in world. A./;/;the B./;/;/C.The;the;the D./;the;the【答案】 D【解析】 Beijing是地名,也是專有名詞,不用冠詞修飾;形容詞最高級前要用定冠詞修飾;in the world 是固定搭配。( )16.We’ll wait for you at gate of school on National Day. A.a;the;the B.the;the;/ C.the;a;/ D.a;a;/【答案】 B【解析】 “在校門口”表示特指,是指說話雙方都知道的;一般以Day結尾的節日前不用冠詞。( )17. students in our school are mostly from south. A.The;/ B.The;a C./;the D.The;the【答案】 D【解析】 in our school 修飾前面的名詞students,表示特指,所以要用定冠詞;英語中表示方位的名詞前要用定冠詞。( )18.You should pay attention to pronunciation of word. A.the;/ B.the;the C./;the D.the;a【答案】 B【解析】 “這個單詞的發音”,發音和單詞都是表示特指。( )19.She is 18 year old girl. A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】 B【解析】 girl 是單數,要用冠詞修飾,而“18”這個數字的英語發音是以元音音素開頭,所以要用an修飾。( )20.They had to take care of sick and wounded. A.a B.the C.an D./【答案】 B【解析】 “the+形容詞”表示一類人。( )21.My sister and I usually go out for walk after supper. A.a;/ B.a;the C./;/ D.the;/【答案】 A【解析】 go out for a walk是固定搭配;三餐前不用冠詞。( )22.She was playing violin while he was playing basketball. A.a;/ B.the;/ C.a;an D./;/【答案】 B【解析】樂器名稱前要用定冠詞,而球類運動前不用冠詞。( )23. People’s Republic of China was founded on October 1st,1949. A./;the;the B.The;the;/ C.The;/;/ D./;/;/【答案】 C【解析】 the People’s Republic of China是“中國”的全稱;具體日期前不用冠詞。( )24. can’t live without water. A.The fish;the B.Fish;aC.The fish;/ D.Fish;/【答案】 D【解析】 fish 和water都屬于物質名詞,fish的單、復數同形,這里的water是泛指,且為不可數名詞,所以前面不用冠詞。( )25. Greens are very friendly,and they usually have a party on Sundays. A./;/ B.The;/ C.The;the D.the;the【答案】 B【解析】定冠詞+姓氏的復數,表示“……夫婦”或“……一家人”;星期前不用冠詞。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫