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(共41張PPT)
第十五章　倒裝句
【復習要求】
理解并掌握最基本的倒裝句的用法。
【知識要點】
英語句子的自然順序是主語在前,謂語動詞在后。把謂語動詞放在主語之前,就叫倒裝結構。全部謂語放在主語之前,叫全部倒裝;如果把助動詞或情態動詞放在主語之前就叫部分倒裝。倒裝結構是英語中常見的現象,它主要用于以下幾種場合:
1.There be句型中
There are many books on the desk.
2.here,there,now,then,in,out,ahead,up,down等開頭的句子中
Here comes his mother.
Then came another problem.
Out went the students.
Ahead sat an old woman.
Away went the little girl to school.
3.表示地點的介詞短語放在句首作狀語時
From the house came a frightening cry.從房子里傳出一陣嚇人的哭聲。
4.“only+副詞(或介詞短語或狀語從句)”放在句首
Only in this way can we finish the work.
只有用這種方法我們才能完成工作。
Only then did I know the fact.直到那時,我才知道事實。
5.省略if的虛擬語氣條件狀語從句
Had you come earlier,you would have caught the first bus.
你早點來的話,你就趕上第一班公交車了。
Were I you,I would go.如果我是你,我就會去。
6.so(肯定句),nor,neither(否定句)位于句首,表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一句中的主語。so用于肯定句,意思是“也一樣”“也這樣”;nor,neither用于否定句,表示“也不這樣”“同樣也不”。
He sings well,so does she.
他唱歌唱得好,她也一樣。
You can’t do it,neither can I.
你不會做,我也不會。
7.形容詞(或動詞或名詞)+as(though)引導的讓步狀語從句中
Try as he would,he couldn’t open the windows.
他試過多次了,卻仍打不開窗戶。
注:如果從句的表語是名詞,放在句首時,其名詞前不加任何冠詞。
Child as he was,he knew how to do it.
他雖然是個小孩,但他知道怎樣做這事。
8.never,hardly,seldom,little,not only,not until等放在句首時
Seldom do we go out.我們很少出去。
Not until her mother came back did she finish her housework.
直到她母親回來,她才做好家務。
9.often,always,once,now and then,every other day,every two hours以及then等作狀語的詞放在句首時
Always does she ask me for help.她總是向我請求幫助。
10.在某些表示祝愿的句子中
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
中華人民共和國萬歲!
May you be happy.祝你快樂。
11.so...that...句型中的so位于句首時
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
他害怕得很,動也不敢動。
【例題解析】
(　　)1.Only until his father was out of prison,　　　　to school.
A.can Charles go B.Charles can go
C.could Charles go D.Charles could go
【答案】　C
【解析】　副詞only開頭,后接一個時間狀語從句時,從句按自然語序,而主句要用部分倒裝語序,所以正確答案為C。
(　　)2.—I would never forget such an interesting party.
—　　　　.
A.Nor am I B.Neither would I
C.Same with I D.So do I
【答案】 　B
【解析】　本句的意思是“——我永遠不會忘記如此有趣的晚會。——我也不會。”第一句中的動詞是would,根據一致性的原則,應答句中也應用would,四個選項中只有B項有would,意思也符合題意。答案是B。
(　　)3.Be careful!　　　　.
A.The bus comes here B.Here comes the bus
C.The bus here comes D.Here the bus comes
【答案】　B
【解析】　在以here,there,in,out,up,now,then,down,away等詞開頭時,句子要完全倒裝。
(　　)4.Not a single word 　　　　at yesterday’s party.
A.did she say B.she did say
C.she said D.said she
【答案】　A
【解析】　本句考查的是否定詞放在句首時引起的倒裝結構。意思是“在昨天的晚會上她一句話也沒有說”。當否定詞及半否定詞放句首時,句子應采用部分倒裝形式。
【同步精練】
(　　)1.No sooner had we reached the top of the hill 　　　　we all sat down to rest.
A.when B.then C.than D.until
【答案】 C
【解析】固定搭配 no sooner...than...,表示“一……就……”的意思。
(　　)2.We don’t need air conditioning,　　　　.
A.nor can we afford it B.and nor we can afford it
C.neither can afford it D.and we can neither afford it
【答案】 A
【解析】 前面句子表示否定的意思,后面的句子也是表示否定的意思要用neither/nor 開頭,然后句子要倒裝。
(　　)3.Only after finishing all the housework 　　　　a rest.
A.then I have B.did I have
C.I could have D.I had
【答案】 B
【解析】 only放在句首,句子要倒裝,且是部分倒裝。
(　　)4.　　　　do we go for picnics.
A.Certainly B.Sometimes
C.Seldom D.Once
【答案】 C
【解析】表示否定意義的詞seldom 放在句首,句子才能部分倒裝。
(　　)5.Her answer is not acceptable,and　　　　.
A.neither am I B.either is mine
C.neither is mine D.mine is neither
【答案】 C
【解析】 and 前的句子是否定的,and 后的句子表示“我的也是”要用neither,且倒裝。
(　　)6.So fast 　　　　that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A.light travel B.travels the light
C.do light travel D.does light travel
【答案】 D
【解析】 so 放在句首,句子中要用部分倒裝。
(　　)7.　　　　notebook and report that I promised you last year.
A.Here is the B.Here are the
C.Is here the D.Are here the
【答案】 B
【解析】 here 放在句首要倒裝,主語是notebook and report,是復數。
(　　)8.Under the tree 　　　　of 8 years old.
A.sat a little boy B.did a little boy sit
C.a little boy was sitting D.a little boy sat
【答案】 A
【解析】 under the tree放在句首,句子要全部倒裝。
(　　)9.Hardly 　　　　he got out of the court 　　　　the reporters raised a lot of questions to him.
A.had;when B.had;than
C.did;when D.has;than
【答案】 A
【解析】句型hardly...when...的意思是“一……就……”,主句中要用過去完成時,從句中要用一般過去時。hardly放在句首要倒裝,主語放在had與過去分詞之間。
(　　)10.Stop　　　　,there　　　　.
A.talking;the teacher comes
B.to talk;the teacher came
C.talking;comes the teacher
D.to talk;came the teacher
【答案】 C
【解析】 stop+to do“停下來去做其他事”,stop+doing “停止做某事”。There 放在句首,主語是名詞,要用全部倒裝。
(　　)11.Here 　　　　you want to see.
A.the manager comes B.comes the manager
C.comes a manager D.is coming a manager
【答案】 B
【解析】 here 放在句首,主語是名詞,要全部倒裝。
(　　)12.Barry can hardly drive a car,　　　　.
A.so can’t Molly B.can’t Molly either
C.Molly can’t too D.neither can Molly
【答案】 D
【解析】前面句子中hardly表示否定,后面句子中表示“某人也是”要用neither 或nor,且用倒裝的形式。
(　　)13.　　　　for the leadership of the Party,we should not have succeeded.
A.Had not it been B.Had it not been
C.There was D.Is there
【答案】 B
【解析】主句中是表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,從句中要用had+過去分詞。在該題中將had提前,省略了if。
(　　)14.　　　　no air or water,there would be no life in the world.
A.Were there B.There are
C.There was D.Is there
【答案】 A
【解析】主句中是表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,從句中要用動詞的過去式。在該題中將were提前,省略了if。
(　　)15.Not only 　　　　study well but he also always helps others.
A.he does B.he did
C.does he D.did he
【答案】 C
【解析】 not only放在句首,句子要倒裝,且是部分倒裝。
(　　)16.—Can you tell me where my mother is
—Yes,of course,　　　　.
A.here your mother comes
B.here comes your mother
C.comes your mother here
D.your mother here comes
【答案】 B
【解析】 here 放在句首且句子主語是名詞時要用全部倒裝。
(　　)17.Not until he told me 　　　　what had happened to him.
A.realized I B.did I realize
C.I had realized D.had I realized
【答案】 B
【解析】 not until放在句首,主句要倒裝,且是部分倒裝。
(　　)18.—I want a pair of tennis shoes,please.
—　　　　.How do you like this pair
A.Here you are B.Here are you
C.You are here D.There are you
【答案】 A
【解析】 here放在句首,且句子主語不是名詞而是代詞時,不倒裝。
(　　)19.Spring begins in March,then　　　　.
A.April and May come B.April is coming
C.come April and May D.is April coming
【答案】 C
【解析】 then放在句首,句子主語是名詞時,要全部倒裝。
(　　)20.Neither you nor　　　　 it.
A.I could do B.could I do
C.I were able to do D.was I able to do
【答案】 A
【解析】 neither...nor...后接名詞或代詞作主語時,不倒裝。
(　　)21.All animals need air,　　　　.
A.so plants do B.so need plants
C.so do plants D.plants are so
【答案】 C
【解析】前面句子是肯定的,后面句子表示“……也是”要用 so,且全部倒裝。
(　　)22.Not until Mr.Smith came to China 　　　　what kind of a country she is.
A.did he know B.he knew
C.he didn’t know D.he could know
【答案】 A
【解析】 not until放在句首,且until 后接了一個副詞、介詞短語或從句時,主句要倒裝,且是部分倒裝。
(　　)23.　　　　so busy,I should go with you.
A.Were I not B.Was I not
C.If I’m not D.Had I no
【答案】 A
【解析】主句中是表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,從句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。該題是將were提前,將if 省略。
(　　)24.I have tea for breakfast and so 　　　　my wife.
A.have B.has C.do D.does
【答案】 D
【解析】表示“……(人) 也是”時,so后要全部倒裝。
(　　)25.Only then 　　　　what “revolution” meant.
A.I realize B.did I realize
C.I did realize D.do I realize
【答案】 B
【解析】 only放在句首,后接副詞、介詞短語或從句時,主句中要用部分倒裝。
(　　)26.Only in that way 　　　　English well.
A.we can learn B.we will learn
C.can we learn D.can learn we
【答案】 C
【解析】 only放在句首,后接副詞、介詞短語或從句時,主句中要用部分倒裝。
(　　)27.　　　　an electric light over the desk.
A.It is B.There is
C.It has D.There has
【答案】 B
【解析】 there be句型表示“(存在)有……”。
(　　)28.　　　　,he still goes on writing and reading.
A.As is he old B.Old as he is
C.As old he is D.Old but he is
【答案】 B
【解析】 as引導讓步狀語從句時,一定要將形容詞、副詞或名詞放在它的前面。as在這里是“盡管”“雖然”的意思。
(　　)29.Now 　　　　your turn to keep guard.
A.there is B.is going
C.comes D.has come
【答案】 C
【解析】 now 在句首,主語是名詞時,句子要全部倒裝。
(　　)30.Not once 　　　　his view of life.
A.he mentioned that B.did he mention
C.he mentioned D.does he mentioned
【答案】 B
【解析】 not 是表示否定意義的詞,放在句首,句子要用部分倒裝。

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