資源簡介 (共53張PPT)第三章 主謂一致【復習要求】識記并列句和從句中的主謂一致原則。【知識要點】主謂一致是指主語的人稱和單復數形式決定謂語動詞的單復數形式。1.謂語動詞要與主語的人稱和數一致。如:I am seventeen,and she is sixteen.There is a desk in the room.John gets up at 6:00 every morning.They have not come yet.Nobody knows who is going to win the competition.沒有人知道誰會贏得比賽。What is the latest news about the Olympic Games 有關奧運會最新的消息是什么 2.and連接的兩個單數名詞、短語或句子作主語時,謂語動詞一般用復數形式。如:My mother and I have seen the film.我和媽媽已經看過這部電影。What he said and what he did were always different.他說的和做的總是不一樣。Rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.中國這一部分地區種植大米與小麥。注意:(1)由and連接的主語前分別有each,every,no,many a等修飾語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。如:Every man and every woman is busy working.每個人都在忙著工作。No sound and no voice is heard.一點聲音都沒有。(2)由and連接的兩個名詞在意義上表示同一人或物或者由兩個部件配成的物品時,謂語動詞用單數形式。如:The worker and writer has written a new novel.(指一個人) 這位工人兼作家已寫了一本新小說。The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next month.(指兩個人) 這位小說家和這位詩人下個月一起去歐洲。One more knife and fork is needed.還需要一副刀叉。War and peace is a constant theme in history.戰爭與和平是歷史上一個永恒的主題。3.不定代詞anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,no one,nobody,nothing,each,other,others,the other等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。如:Is anybody going to tell him the news 有人準備告訴他這消息嗎 Everything is ready.一切都準備好了。Someone is waiting for you at the school gate.有人在學校門口等你。4.neither 和none可用作單數,也可用作復數,主要根據說話人的意思決定,但是代表不可數名詞時,只作單數。如:Neither of us has/have been abroad.我們誰都沒出過國。None of this money is mine.這些錢都不是我的。5.當主語與謂語動詞之間插入along with,with,as well as,together with,like,no less than,rather than,over,besides,except,but,including,in addition to等短語時,謂語動詞不受這些插入語的干擾,依然和在這些插入語前面的主語保持一致(即舍近求遠原則)。如:The teacher with two students was at the meeting.那位老師和兩個學生參加了會議。6.成雙成對出現的復數名詞glasses,scissors,clothes,shoes,trousers,gloves,stockings,goods等作主語時,謂語動詞通常用復數。如:These glasses are made in China.這些眼鏡是中國制造的。但如果這些詞的量詞前面有冠詞a和the修飾時,謂語動詞要用單數。如:A pair of scissors is a useful tool for a dressmaker.剪刀是裁縫的實用工具。7.由并列結構或連詞(either...or...,neither...nor...,not...but...,not only...but also...,...or...等)連接的并列主語,謂語動詞與鄰近的那個名詞或代詞保持一致。如:Not only my husband but also I am fond of the World Cup.不僅我丈夫(喜歡),我也喜歡看世界杯。Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.湯姆和他的父母都不在家。8.在倒裝句和there be句型中,謂語動詞與它后面的第一個主語保持一致。如:There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本書和幾支鋼筆。Now comes your turn.現在輪到你了。9.在定語從句中,關系代詞作主語,從句謂語動詞應與關系詞所指代的先行詞保持一致。如:I know the man who is talking to my father.我認識正跟我父親說話的那個人。注意:在“one of+復數名詞+who/that/which”引導的定語從句結構中,從句謂語動詞用復數。但當one of之前有the only,the first等詞表示特指時,從句謂語動詞用單數形式。如:Jim is one of the students in her class who are praised by their teacher.吉姆是被老師表揚的學生之一。Jim was the only one of the students who was praised by our teacher.吉姆是唯一被老師表揚的學生。10.表示不定數量的詞all,none,any,some,the rest,most,half等作主語時,應根據具體表達的意思來決定其后的謂語動詞的單復數。如:All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.我對這家公司了解的都是昨天他告訴我的。All is right.一切順利。All are present.人都到齊了。11.“分數或百分數+(of)+名詞”及a lot of,lots of,plenty of,part of+名詞構成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞與短語of后面的名詞保持一致。如:80% of cotton has been sent to America.80%的棉花已經被送往美國。Half of the apples are red.有一半的蘋果是紅的。12.“a number of(大量的)+可數名詞復數”的結構作主語時,謂語動詞應用復數;但“the number of(……的數量)+可數名詞復數”的結構作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。如:A number of ancient buildings were destroyed in the war.大量的古代建筑在戰爭中被毀壞了。The number of the visitors has decreased this year.今年游客的數量減少了。13.英語的集體名詞(如:family,group,party,team,class,club,army,enemy,government 等)指代“整體”時為單數;指代“其中的各成員”時則為復數。如:My family was very poor when I was a little girl.當我還是一個小女孩兒的時候,我家很窮。My family are all looking forward to seeing you soon.我的家人們都在期待著早點見到你。注意:表示總稱的名詞police,people,clothes,cattle(牛)等作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。14.“the+形容詞(或過去分詞)”表示“一類人”,作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。The poor were not able to buy houses to live in.窮人買不起房子住。15.主語從句、不定式短語、動名詞短語以及表示時間、金錢、距離、重量等概念的詞作主語時,視為整體看待,謂語動詞常用單數形式。如:Watching TV too much is bad for your health.電視看得太多對健康有害。When to leave has not been decided.什么時候離開還沒有定下來。Ten minutes is enough.十分鐘足夠了。Sixty years is a long time.60年是一段很長的時間。【例題解析】( )1.Neither Bill nor his parents at home yesterday evening. A.were B.are C.was D.is【答案】 A【解析】 由并列結構neither...nor...連接的并列主語,謂語動詞與靠近的那個名詞或代詞保持一致。( )2. Chinese Japanese are Asians. A.Both;and B.Neither;norC.Neither;or D.Either;or【答案】 A【解析】 主語由Both...and...連接時,謂語用復數形式;由并列結構either...or...,neither...nor...連接的并列主語,謂語動詞與靠近的那個名詞或代詞保持一致。( )3.About of the teachers in our school young people. A.two five;are B.second fifth;isC.two fifths;are D.two fifths;is【答案】 C【解析】 “分數或百分數+of+名詞”構成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞與短語of后面的名詞保持一致。( )4.He,like you and Xiao Li, to the English party. A.was invited B.were invited to goC.are inviting D.is to invite【答案】 A【解析】 當主語與謂語動詞之間插入like短語時,謂語動詞不受插入語的干擾,依然和插入語前面的主語保持一致(舍近求遠原則)。( )5.She is a League member and often good deeds for us. A.do B.does C.doing D.done【答案】 B【解析】 and 連接兩個謂語,所以第二個謂語的單復數必須與主語She一致。【同步精練】( )1.Miss Chen often us English on the radio. A.teaches B.taught C.will teach D.had taught【答案】 A【解析】 主語為第三人稱單數,而且在一般現在時態的句子中,謂語動詞要用單數。( )2.That place is not interesting at all. of us wants to go there. A.Neither B.Both C.All D.Some【答案】 A【解析】 many用于修飾可數名詞的復數形式。( )3.Maths my favorite subject. A.be B.is C.am D.are【答案】 C【解析】 該題主語maths是學科名詞,看成是第三人稱單數。( )4.Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began. A.are B.is C.were D.was【答案】 D【解析】 該題主語是everyone,是第三人稱單數,所以謂語要用單數形式;從句中的謂語動詞是過去時,所以主句中的謂語動詞也要用過去時。( )5.The boy with the two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city. A.were sleeping B.is sleepingC.was sleeping D.are asleep【答案】 C【解析】 該題的主語是the boy,是第三人稱單數,所以謂語動詞要用單數形式;從句中的謂語動詞是過去時,所以主句中的謂語動詞也要用過去時。( )6.Sorry,we already have four people in the car.There for the box. A.is a little room B.are no roomsC.is no room D.are few rooms【答案】 C【解析】 在there be 句型中,be動詞用單數還是復數,要根據它后面的主語是單數還是復數來定。該題中room(空間)是一個不可數名詞,作主語時謂語動詞要用單數形式。( )7.Seventy percent of the students here from the countryside. A.is B.are C.comes D.has come【答案】 B【解析】百分數作主語時,謂語動詞是用單數還是復數由百分比后面的名詞來決定。若是不可數名詞,則謂語動詞用單數;若是可數名詞,則用復數。( )8.Those who in compositions,please hand them in this afternoon. A.hasn’t handed;his B.haven’t handed;theirC.has handed;their D.have handed;his【答案】 B【解析】該句中who 引導的是一個定語從句,指代它前面的先行詞。該先行詞those是復數,所以從句的謂語動詞也要用復數。( )9.Mr.Zhang is one of the teachers in our school who by students. A.are respected B.is respectedC.respected D.is respecting【答案】 A【解析】 該題who 引導的定語從句中,先行詞是one of+可數名詞復數,所以從句的謂語動詞要用復數。“受學生尊敬”,所以要用被動語態。( )10.Nobody to smoke in the cinema. A.allows B.allowC.is allowed D.are allowed【答案】 C【解析】 主語nobody是第三人稱單數。“沒有人被允許在電影院抽煙。”所以謂語動詞要用單數和被動語態的形式。( )11.The rest of the magazines within half an hour. A.is sold out B.are sold outC.was sold out D.were sold out【答案】 D【解析】 “the rest of+名詞”作主語時,如果名詞是可數名詞,那么謂語動詞用復數;如果名詞是不可數名詞,則謂語動詞用單數。( )12.A large number of the students in our class girls. A.are B.were C.is D.was【答案】 A【解析】 “a number of+可數名詞的復數”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。( )13.The number of students of this school large. A.are B.were C.isn’t D.aren’t【答案】 C【解析】 “the number of+可數名詞的復數”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。( )14.I,who your teacher,will try my best to help you with your study. A.be B.am C.are D.is【答案】 B【解析】 who是定語從句的引導詞,代指先行詞I,所以謂語動詞用am。( )15.The rich not always happy. A.are B.is C.has D.have【答案】 A【解析】 “the+形容詞”指一類人,是復數,所以謂語動詞要用復數的形式。( )16.He is the only one of the students who been elected. A.are B.have C.has D.is【答案】 C【解析】 “the only one of the+可數名詞的復數”作先行詞,who作定語從句的引導詞時,從句中的謂語動詞用單數。( )17.The police for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A.is searching B.were searchingC.are searching D.was searching【答案】 B【解析】 police是復數,作主語時,謂語動詞要用復數的形式。該題考的是句型:were+V ing...when+主語+動詞的過去式。( )18.100 million a lot of money. A.dollar is B.dollars areC.dollars is D.dollar are【答案】 C【解析】 “100 million”作主語時,后面的名詞用復數,謂語動詞用單數。( )19.Either you or I going to the teachers’ office after class. A.am B.is C.are D.be【答案】 A【解析】 “either...or...”作主語時,遵循“就近原則”,即謂語動詞用單數還是復數要以or后面的名詞或代詞來確定,or后面的名詞或代詞如果是單數,謂語動詞就用單數;如果是復數,則謂語動詞用復數。( )20.The class big.Now the class practicing swimming. A.are;are B.are;is C.is;is D.is;are【答案】 D【解析】 class作主語時,指物是“班級”,謂語動詞用單數;指人是指“班級的同學”,謂語動詞用復數。( )21.The paper for books and newspapers made of wood. A.are B.is C.has D.have【答案】 B【解析】 paper表示“紙”時,是不可數名詞,作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。( )22.Here a new pair of shoes for you. A.is B.are C.have D.has【答案】 A【解析】 here放在句首,句子要倒裝,謂語要放在主語的前面。該句的主語是a new pair of shoes,所以謂語動詞用單數。( )23.Either your parents or your elder brother to attend the evening party tomorrow. A.are going B.are C.is going D.have【答案】 C【解析】 “either...or...”作主語時,謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”。( )24.Neither my father nor I at home. A.am B.is C.are D.be【答案】 A【解析】 “neither...nor...”作主語時,謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”。( )25.Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examination after another. A.is B.are C.am D.be【答案】 B【解析】 “not only...but also...”作主語時,謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”。( )26.Both my father and my mother interested in music when they were young. A.were B.are C.was D.is【答案】 A【解析】 “both...and...”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。( )27.All of the work finished and either the teacher or the students enough time now. A.is;has B.are;have C.was;have D.were;had【答案】 C【解析】 “all of the work”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數,且work 和finish的關系是被動,所以用被動語態。and后面的句子中主語是“either...or...”結構,所以其謂語的單復數要根據or后的名詞是單數還是復數決定。( )28.There to be many arguments on both sides. A.seems B.is C.seem D.are【答案】 C【解析】 與there be 句型的意思相同,“好像有……”;謂語的單復數由后面名詞的單復數來決定。( )29.Half of this money to you and half of the books to you,too. A.belong;belong B.belongs;belongsC.belong;belongs D.belongs;belong【答案】 D【解析】 “half of+名詞”作主語時,謂語是單數還是復數要根據后面的名詞來確定。名詞是不可數名詞時,謂語動詞用單數;名詞是可數名詞的復數時,謂語動詞用復數。( )30.What they need clean water. A.has B.have C.is D.are【答案】 C【解析】 從句作主語時,主句中謂語動詞的單復數由后面的名詞決定。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫