資源簡介

(共39張PPT)
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A 語法與交際
Miss Du’s morning
woke up 6:00
got up 6:05
took a shower 6:10
got dressed 6:40
ate breakfast 7:00
went outside 7:30
gave me a lift(捎…一程) 7:40
arrived at school 7:50
the bell rang 8:00
now
7:00
I ate breakfast .
6:10
I took a shower.
By the time I ate breakfast,
在… …之前
I had already taken a shower.
Time line
I took a shower 6:10
I ate breakfast 7:00
Before
now
7:40
Mr. Li gave me a lift
（捎…一程）.
7:35
The bus left.
By the time Mr. Li gave me a lift,
在… …之前
the bus had already left.
Time line
Mr. Li gave me a lift. 7:40
The bus left. 7:35
Before
now
8:00
The students showed up.
(趕到,露面)
7:50
I arrived at school.
By the time the students showed up,
I had already arrived at school.
Time line
When
The students showed up. 8:00
I arrived at school. 7:50
Tina’s terrible morning.
This morning, the alarm clock didn’t go off. Tina overslept. By the time/When/Before…
now
The bus
left.
Tina
got up.
Time line
Her brother
got into
the shower.
She
rushed
outside.
She left her
backpack
at home.
She got
to school.
She left the
key in the
backpack.
She got
home.
She got
back to
school.
The bell
rang.
had gotten
had rung
had left
had left
had left
故事接龍
now
8:00
The bell rang.
7:50
I arrived at school.
By the time the bell rang,
I had already arrived at school.
Time line
When
請同學們也試一試吧！
在時間軸上標出你的活動，并仿造句子。
By the time I ate breakfast,I had already taken a shower.
在… …之前
Before
By the time Mr. Li gave me a lift,the bus had already left.
Before
By the time the teachers showed up,I had already arrived at school.
Before
Read the sentences and find out the rules.
什么是過去完成時？
過去完成時,表示某動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成，它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”。
the past of the past
past
now
過去完成時的結構
過去完成時的句式結構
(1) 肯定句：主語 + had + 過去分詞 + 其他.
(2) 否定句：主語 + hadn’t + 過去分詞 + 其他.
(3) 一般疑問句：Had+ 主語 + 過去分詞 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主語 + had.
否定回答：No, 主語 + hadn’t.
Grammar Focus
規 則 動 詞 的 過 去 分 詞
過 去 分 詞
動詞分類 變化規則 e.g.
一般動詞 -ed work---worked
以不發音的“e、ue”結尾 -d live---lived
以“輔音+y”結尾 變y為ied cry---cried
以“重讀閉音節”結尾 雙寫末尾輔音-ed plan---planned
A-A-A 型
不規則動詞表
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞 動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
cut cut cut cost cost cost
hurt hurt hurt hit hit hit
let let let put put put
read read read shut shut shut
set set set
A-B-B 型
不規則動詞表
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞 動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
buy bought bought bring brought brought
dream dreamt dreamt learn learnt learnt
feed fed fed find found found
hang hung hung have had had
catch caught caught dig dug dug
feel felt felt build built built
A-B-C型
不規則動詞表
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞 動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
be was/were been blow blew blown
bear bore born beat beat beaten
break broke broken do did done
draw drew drawn drive drove driven
eat ate eaten fly flew flown
give gave given know knew known
A-B-A 型
不規則動詞表
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
become became become
come came come
overcome overcame overcome
run ran run
過去完成時的用法
用 法 一
1. 表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經完成的動作。
通常與by, before,when，by the time 引導的時間狀語連用。
I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.
例: When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.
She had been in the city for ten years before she died.
過 去 完 成 時 的 用 法
深 入 調 查
用 法 二
2. 表示過去某一時間之前開始，一直延續到過去的這一時間，而且還可能繼續下去的動作。
通常與for, since 引導的時間狀語連用。
例: He said he had made great progress since he came here.
By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years.
過 去 完 成 時 的 用 法
深 入 調 查
3. 放在said, told, asked, thought,wondered等過去時動詞后面，表示這些動作發生之前已經發生的事情。
He asked me whether I had seen the film the night before.
例: My friend told me that he had passed the exam.
用 法 三
She wondered who had left the door open.
過 去 完 成 時 的 用 法
深 入 調 查
過去完成時VS其他時態
過去完成時 VS 現在完成時
對 比 分 析
現在完成時表示的動作發生在過去，以now的時間為基點，但側重對now產生的結果或造成的影響。
過去完成時則是一個相對的時態，以過去的時間為基點，它所表示的動作不僅發生在過去，更強調“過去的過去”,只有和過去某時或某動作相比較時，才用到它。
過去完成時 VS 現在完成時
對 比 分 析
I have been in Zootopia for two years.
now
Judy came
I had been in Zootopia for ten years before Judy came.
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
Read the following sentences and answer the questions.
Grammar Focus
在以上的時間狀語從句中，主句和從句的動作是先后發生還是同時發生
主從句都用過去時態的時間狀語從句的引導詞有什么
主句為過去完成時，從句是一般過去時，主句動作發生在從句之前。
兩個動作同時進行，主從句都是一般過去時或過去進行時。
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
1. 主句和從句的動作是同時發生，或者是在進行一個動作時，另外一個動作突然發生。
2. 主從句都用過去時態的時間狀語從句引導詞有when, as 等。
過去完成時 VS 一般過去時
對 比 分 析
1. 時間狀語不同：過去完成時在時間上強調“過去的過去”；而一般過去時只強調過去某一特定的時間。
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
他們昨天十點前就到車站了。
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
他們昨天十點到了車站。
過去完成時 VS 一般過去時
對 比 分 析
3. 當兩個或兩個以上接連發生的動作用 and 或 but 連接時，按時間順序，只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在 before, after, as soon as引導的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經表示出時間的先后，若主、從句表示的動作緊密相連，則主、從句都用一般過去時。
I (had) called her before I left the office.
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
2. 過去完成時表示過去的過去，不能單獨使用，一般和一般過去時一起使用。
選 擇 動 詞 的 適 當 形 式 填 空
認 真 思 考
1. Most of us _____________ our compositions already.
finished
have finished
had finished
2. We ___________ our compositions at nine o’clock.
3. Most of us _____________ our compositions before the teacher came.
1. We __________three lessons last week.
have learned
learned
had learned
2. We______________ five lessons by end of last term.
3. We ____________ five lessons by the beginning of this term.
選 擇 動 詞 的 適 當 形 式 填 空
認 真 思 考
1. He said he______________ the exhibition yet.
hasn’t visited
hadn’t visited
didn’t visit
2. He ____________the exhibition yet, so he will go there next week.
3. He _____________the exhibition yesterday.
選 擇 動 詞 的 適 當 形 式 填 空
認 真 思 考
Let’s do some exercises.
4a Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
______________________________________________________________
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.
______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
______________________________________________________________
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
______________________________________________________________
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
______________________________________________________________
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my
language course.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had already started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
4a Make sentences using by the time or before.
Write the past form and past participle for the following verbs.
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
rushed rushed
forgot forgotten
arrived arrived
went gone
showed shown
found found
原形
過去式
過去分詞
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else ____ already
_________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ____________
to add the green beans.
3. By the time my mother came back from the market, I ______
already __________ of the door to go to my piano lesson.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
had
shown up
had forgotten
had
rushed out
rush out
forget
arrive at
go into
show up
find out
4. Before she got to the airport, she _____________ about the
earthquake.
5. When she _________ the movie theatre, she remembered she had
forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he _____________ the
building.
arrived at
had gone into
had found out
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
Homework
1. Finish 4c on your book.
2. Do the exercises on your exercise book.
3. Try to use the past perfect tense as much as possible.
Thank you!

展開更多......

收起↑