資源簡介

(共36張PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 53
Part 1
Lead in
In the Public Interest
Part 2
text
(1)The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies.
單詞：enlightened adj. ___________________________
翻譯：Some philosophers believe that the way to enlightenment comes through facing obstacles and difficulties.
________________________________________________
開明的，有見識的，有知識的
一些哲學家相信，人類啟蒙之路困難重重挫折不斷。
(2) Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers.
單詞：evolved __________
翻譯：流行音樂從民歌演變而來。
_________________________________________
在哈佛，已經逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護每個學生不受專橫而保守的教授們的欺壓。
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
_____________________________
演變
Popular music evolved from folk songs.
Harvard has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual student from high-handed and conservative professors.
(3) The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
詞組：work well__________
單詞：adopt__________
采納提議____________________
收養兒童________________
行之有效
采納；收養
adopt children
adopt the proposal
(4) The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
單詞：Swedes n.________
列舉政府官員不同職位：
civil servant ________
police officer_____
health inspector _________
tax-collector___________
瑞典人
文職人員;公務員
警官
衛生監督員
稅務人員
(4) The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
單詞：over-zealously adv. ___________
語法：do sth. in the belief that … 在句中作原因狀語，代替了平庸的從句 ___________
they believe that …，以此類推，我們可以用do sth. in the thought that …代替 ________________________
過分熱情地
because
because sb. thinks that
(5) As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual.
單詞: parliament n. ____________
單詞: scheme n._________________________
詞組：safeguard the interest of the individual
______________
議會，國會
體系；體制，計劃，方案
保護公民利益
(6) A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.
單詞: committee n._________
語法: representing all political parties現在分詞，做___________________________ 的后置定語，存在主動關系。
詞組: appoint sb. to do sth.______________
委員會
a parliamentary committee
委派某人做某事
(7) The official title of the person is ‘Justiteombudsman’, but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the ‘J.O.’ or ‘Ombudsman’.
詞組: refer to sb. as sth. _____________
稱某人為……
(8) The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure.
單詞：subject n. _________________
詞組: be subject to _________________
翻譯：When you are in a foreign country, you are subject to its law.
_____________________________________
擴展：checks and balances ___________（法國著名思想家孟德斯鳩詮釋為行政、立法、司法
話題，科目，主語
受支配，從屬于
當你身處異國時，就受當地法律的制約。
三權分立
(9)He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society.
語法：that 引導_______從句，large and small作名詞complaints的定語。這樣兩個意義相反的形容詞并用時要置于被修飾的詞之后。
定語
(10) As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year.
(11) He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail.
(12) There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman’s work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection.
詞組: be open to ____________________
翻譯：This art museum is open to all the citizens.
__________________________
樂于接受，對……開放
這家藝術館對所有公民開放。
(13) If a citizen‘s complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint.
單詞：justify v. ___________
翻譯： Ends justify the means._________
詞組： on sb.’s behalf / on behalf of sb. ____________
翻譯: On behalf of the Chinese delegation, I’d like to express my sincere gratitude to the host for everything you’ve done for us.
__________________________________________________________________________
使某事正當
不擇手段
代表某人
我謹代表中國代表團，向東道主致以誠摯的感謝，謝謝你們為我們所做的一切。
(14) He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered.
語法：suggest to sb. 后面的從句用_____，所以a law be altered 還原：a law should be altered
虛擬
(15) The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman’s work.
語法：the following case…句，起到_________作用，類似用法見Lesson29: The following example of 'sick humor' will enable you to judge for yourself.
承上啟下
(16) A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner.
(17) The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case.
詞組：the Chief of Police ________
語法：句中的asking為現在分詞作__________
目的狀語
警察局長
(18) There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner’s complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation.
詞組：deny the accusation _________
拒絕指控
(19) It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his layers to investigate the matter.
詞組：investigate the matter __________
調查此事
(20) The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.
詞組：deal roughly with sb. ____________
擴展：get along with sb. ______________
粗暴對待某人
和某人打交道
(21) The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files.
單詞：prejudiced adj. __________
prejudice n. _____
擴展：Pride and Prejudice ______________
有偏見的
偏見
《傲慢與偏見》
(22) It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts.
語法：to find this out by sending ... ___________________
to achieve sth. by doing sth. ____________________
by譯為憑借，后接_________
通過發送找到這個
通過做某事來實現某事
動名詞
(23) The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted.
單詞：reprimand vt. ___________
翻譯：他因為在走廊里講話受到了一位老師的斥責。
______________________________________________________
_________
單詞：lodge v. (不及物動詞，及物動詞用被動)
a. _______________________
例句： A fishbone lodged in his throat.
b. _________________
詞組；lodge a complaint against sb. 投訴
c. _____________
例句： I lodged with a local family the summer I studied in London.
譴責，訓斥
He was reprimanded by a teacher for talking in the corridor.
使固定某處，卡在某處
提出控告，上訴
租住，寄宿
(24) The Ombudsman’s prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
詞組：put an end to ___________
詞組：go unnoticed __________________
無人問津，不了了之
制止，結束
Part 3
Translation skills
拆句法 合并法
拆句法是把一個長而復雜的句子拆譯成若干較短，較簡單的句子，句合并成一個長句，通常用于英譯漢。
合并法是把若干個短句合并成一個長句，一般用于漢譯英。
句型翻譯：The Ombudsman’s prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
中文翻譯應為：
司法特派員及時采取的行動，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件， 不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。
翻譯練習：
A Parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the state.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour.
___________________________________________
兩個女兒都是教師的那個老奶奶是我們的鄰居.
議會內有一個代表各政黨利益的委員會， 由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調查個人對國家的意見。
Part 4
bonus
斯堪的納維亞半島名字的由來
Scandinavia
The term Scandinavia always includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia, nor is Greenland, an overseas territory of Denmark. However, the Faroe Islands, also a Danish overseas territory, are sometimes included, as sometimes are Iceland, Finland, and the Finnish autonomous region of the land Islands, because of their historical association with the Scandinavian countries and the Scandinavian peoples and languages. This looser definition almost equates to that of the Nordic countries. In Nordic languages, only Denmark, Norway and Sweden are commonly included in the definition of Scandinavia.

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