資源簡介

(共36張PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 38
part 1
lead in
The first calendar
單詞：calendar n. 歷法，日歷
part 2
text
(1) Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.
單詞：historian n. 歷史學家
historic adj. ___________________________
historical adj.____________________________
As a foreigner, I cannot but be proud of your ________ achievement.
He is writing a ________ novel about nineteenth-century France.
單詞：unique adj. 無與倫比的，獨一無二的
unique不能接受_______，可以接受_____________________________等修飾，
但不能接受___________等詞修飾
翻譯：每個人的指紋都是獨一無二的。
_________________________________
有歷史意義的；歷史上著名的
歷史的；史學的；基于史實的
historic
historical
比較級
quite, almost, nearly, surely, really
rather, very
Every person’s fingerprints are unique.
(1) Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.
詞組：come to do ________________
翻譯：我開始意識到學習一門外語有多難。
____________________________________________________
翻譯：父母親不太可能給我們很多指導。
______________________________________________________
逐步開始做某事
I come to realize how difficult it is to study a foreign language.
Parents are in an improper position to give us many instructions.
(2) They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates.
詞組：a / the great mass of ____________ = ________
單詞：steadily adv. 不斷地
= ___________________
—Do you make any progress in English recently
—Slowly but steadily.
擴展：_______ adj. 穩(wěn)定的
steady table __________的桌子
眼要準，手要穩(wěn) do sth. ______________________________
許多，大量
a lot of
continually, gradually
steady
四平八穩(wěn)
with a steady hand and a steady eye
(2) They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates.
單詞：accumulate vt. 積累 ； vi. 越來越多
accumulate ________________________________
as the evidence accumulates (N3 L1)
翻譯：房屋不經(jīng)常打掃，塵土很快就越積越多。
_______________________________________________________
money / knowledge / experience …
Dust and dirt soon accumulates if a house is not cleaned regularly.
(3) What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.
單詞：solely adv. 唯一地
= ___________
翻譯：我讀這書完全是為了消遣。
_____________________________
擴展：sole adj. 唯一的
Many women are left as the sole providers in families after their husband has died.
辨析：solo n. ____________ adj. _________________________
He had just completed his final solo album.
only, simply
I read the book solely for pleasure.
獨奏；獨唱
獨奏的；獨唱的；單獨的
(3) What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.
詞組：written word _________
擴展：書面文件 ___________________
筆試 ___________
口語 _______________
口試 ________
口頭警告 ______________
翻譯：現(xiàn)今人們越來越(increasingly)依賴計算機協(xié)助工作。
______________________________________________________
書面文字
written documentary
written test
spoken English
oral test
verbal warning
Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help/to help us.
(4) Films, videos, CDs and CD-ROMS are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have.
單詞：video n. 錄像
CD-ROM n. （只讀）光盤驅(qū)動器
單詞：bewilder v. 令人眼花繚亂
bewildered adj. ________
bewildering adj. ___________
困惑的
使人困惑的
(5) They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action.
詞組：as it were _____________________________________
He is my best friend, my second self , as it were.
翻譯：他可以說是一本活字典。
_________________________________
詞組：in action ______________________________
This is an example of world service in action.
好像，可以說是,似乎就是（虛擬語氣）
身臨其境，行動中的，活動中的
He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.
(6) But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task.
單詞：be faced with ___________ = _________________
面對，面臨
be confronted with
(7) He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.
單詞：deduce v. 推斷，推理（有充分的證據(jù)和準則而得出結(jié)論）
= determine or decide sth. by given fact
翻譯：如果你看到一位醫(yī)生從一個房子里出來，你可以推斷房子里有人生病了。
____________________________________________________________________
派生：_________ n. 演繹，推論
單詞： scanty adj. 不足的，缺乏的
a scanty lunch ______________ scanty knowledge _______
a scanty crop __________ a model in scanty clothing ________________
If you see a doctor leave a house, you may deduce that someone in the house is ill.
deduction
吃不飽的午飯
無知
莊稼歉收
穿著暴露的模特
(7) He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.
單詞：clue n. 線索
某事的線索 ____________
翻譯：鑒定謀殺者的唯一線索是地上的一灘血跡。
__________________________________________________________________
- When does the train leave - I have no clue. ___________
語法：賓語從句 what he can 中進行了省略處理。
英語中遇到臨近動詞重復的時候可以對后面的動詞進行省略，
常見的省略_______ 或 ________________。
Sally is as intelligent as Bill (is) .
You can do it this way if you care to (do).
clue to sth.
The only clue to the identity of the murderer was a pool of blood on the ground.
完全不知道
系動詞
不定式中的動詞
(8) Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.
單詞：insignificant adj. 不重要的
派生：__________ adj. 重大的；有效的；有意義的
____________ n. 意義；重要性
單詞：shed v. 使流出，瀉
shed ____________________
詞組：shed light on sth.
shed the moonlight on my bed ____________
Can you shed light on the case of the fire __________
= ______________________________
significant
significance
tears/ blood （液體）
床前明月光
解釋說明
point out/ explain/ reveal/ expose
(9) Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.
詞組：come into being ___________
單詞：advent n. 到來，出現(xiàn)
= _________________
翻譯：計算機的出現(xiàn)極大地改變了人們的生活。
_______________________________________________
單詞：agriculture n. 農(nóng)業(yè)
詞組：real need __________
arrival/ appearance
The advent of the computer changed people's life greatly.
形成，出現(xiàn)
實際需求
(10) Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.
單詞：assumption n. 假定，預設（沒有依據(jù)）
翻譯：我的計算是以房價會保持穩(wěn)定的假設為基礎的。
______________________________________________________________________
派生：________ vi. 假定；設想
近義詞：____________ n. 假設（有依據(jù)）
My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.
assume
presumption
(11) Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
詞組：be puzzled by ____________ = ________________
單詞：dot n. 小圓點
symbol n. 符號
單詞：engrave v. 雕刻
sth. be engraved on / upon sb.’s memory __________________
派生：grave n. 墳墓
from the cradle to the grave ______ = ________________
為……所惑
be bewildered by
某物深刻于記憶中
一生
from birth to death
(11) Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
單詞：ivory n. 象牙制品
tusk n. 獠牙，長牙，象牙
mammoth n. （古）長毛象
(12) The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C.
單詞：nomad n. 游牧民
(13) By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code.
單詞：correlate v. 使相互聯(lián)系
__________________ A與B相關
翻譯：這次試驗的結(jié)果與以往試驗的結(jié)果毫不相干。
_______________________________________________________________
A correlate with B
The results of this experiment do not correlate with the results of earlier ones.
(14) They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon.
單詞：phase n. 月相；階段
the phases of the moon ________________
月亮的陰晴圓缺
(15) It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar.
單詞：primitive adj. 原始的
primitive ___________________________原始文化/習俗/部落/人
culture/ customs/ tribes/ man
(16) It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls were not simply a form of artistic expression.
單詞：depict v. 描畫，描繪
派生：_________ n. 描寫，敘述
depiction
(17) They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing.
單詞：definite adj. 一定的；確切的
It's too soon to give a definite answer.
definite meaning ____________
單詞：as near as ______
As near as a foreigner like me can understand it, the basis of face seems to be worry about other peoples' opinions.
As near as I can tell that fabric was a sort of waffle-weave.
確切的含義
接近
(18) It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them.
句型：There is a relation between A and B
= _____________________
= _____________________
= _____________________
翻譯：有些醫(yī)生認為吸煙與肺癌有關連。
____________________________________________________________
A be connected with B
A be bound up with B
A be associated with B
Some doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.
(19) It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.
單詞：make a real effort to do _______________
You have to make a real effort to put the visual and aural experience into words.
語法：比較狀語從句中省略主語
He gas more solutions to this problem than was expected.
Doctors were given more information about patients than was necessary to provide a diagnosis.
積極努力做某事
part 3
exercises
part 4
bonus
Sorts of Calendars
Solar calendar
Lunar calendar
Lunisolar calendar
太陽歷 （如：伊朗歷）
太陰歷（如：伊斯蘭歷）
陰陽歷（如：農(nóng)歷，希伯來歷）
Solar term - Spring
立春
雨水
驚蟄
春分
清明
穀雨
Spring Begins (Spring Commences)
More Rain Than Snow (Spring Showers)
Hibernating Insects Awaken (Insects Waken)
Spring Center (Vernal Equinox)
Clear and Bright (Bright and Clear, Qingming Festival)
Wheat Rain (Corn Rain)
Solar term - Summer
立夏
小滿
芒種
夏至
小暑
大暑
Summer Begins (Summer Commences)
Creatures Plenish (Corn Forms)
Seeding Millet (Corn On Ear)
Summer Maximum (Summer Solstice)
A bit Sweltering (Moderate Heat)
Most Sweltering (Great Heat)
Solar term - Autumn
立秋
處暑
白露
秋分
寒露
霜降
Autumn Begins (Autumn Commences)
Heat Withdraws (End of Heat)
Dews (White Dew)
Autumn Center (Autumn Equinox)
Cold Dews (Cold Dew)
Frost
Solar term - Winter
立冬
小雪
大雪
冬至
小寒
大寒
Winter Begins (Winter Commences)
Snows a bit (Light Snow)
Snows a lot (Heavy Snow)
Winter Maximum (Winter Solstice, Dongzhi Festival)
A bit Frigid (Moderate Cold)
Most Frigid (Severe Cold)
Lunar Phase
New Moon
Waxing crescent
First Quarter
Waxing gibbous
Full Moon
Waning gibbous
Last Quarter
Waning gibbous
新月
娥眉月
上弦月
盈凸月
滿月
虧凸月
下弦月
殘月

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